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Zeitschrift für Numismatik, vol. 14 — 1887

Numismatische Gesellschaft, Berlin, 1887 · provisional German–English translation

The original page is shown on the left as scanned. The provisional English translation sits on the right; coin inscriptions, catalogue numbers, references, and plate labels are kept as close to the source text as the OCR allows. 413 of 493 pages translated. Showing pages 321-400.

Translation and OCR are research aids, not authoritative editions. Verify quotations, names, legends, numerals, tables, and plate references against the original page image. Some pages, especially title pages, contents, and front matter, may retain visible OCR or translation artifacts.

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p. 321 · zoom original

Rf, cos • VII. {M, Rollin.)

hybrid; for the same reason as No. 104.

157. (MB) IMP • CAESAR • VESPASIAN • COS • Villi.

R/. FELiciTAS PVBLICA. (Fcu M. AsscUn,)

On the titulary of the Flavians. 357

Fftr cos -villi mnss probably be read cos*viii; see above at No. 59.

162. (MB) IMP • CAES • VESPASIAN • AVG • COS • Villi.

RJ, FIDES • FORTVNA. {M. V.E, Egger.) See No. 157.

171. (AB) IMF • CAESAR • VESPASIANVS • AVG.

Rf. FORT • RED • COS • iTER. (VefUc Grosselin.)

The coin is a variety of No. 84; the legend is just positioned differently. — See Vol. XIII p. 194.

188. (GB) IMP-VESPAS*oaVESPASIAN* AVG • P • M • TR • P • P-P • COS • III. -B/. FORTVNAE • REDVCl.

Behind imp caes is certainly only due to misprints- liked.

196. (6B) imp • CAES • VESP • AVG • P • M • T • P • COS • HU • CBNS. -B/! FORTVNAE REDVCl.

After t • p there is certainly p • p , which is on these large bronzes are never missing; the same applies to br No. 477. Both coins are not in the Paris Collection.

204. (GB) IMP • CAES . VESPASIAN • AVG •P'M'TR«P«P«P« COS • III.

Ä/. IMP'(T«CAES-AVG«F«DES?)lMP«DOMITIAN'AVG'F«COS«DESIG-II.

Everyone can see that imp is impossible before Domitian. I used to believe (see Vol. XHI p. 229 A. 2) that it was from iTERVM would be corrupted: but it stands at all not there. Wilcken, who recently inaugurated the coin the Paris collection describes to me

the legend as follows domitian avg

F cos design II TIA ... ; Nothing is closed in front of DOMITIAN recognize. After that we only have one Variety of coin No. 536 to do and so on add:

T • IM[P • CAES • AVG • F • COS • DESIG • II *, CAES •] DOMITIAN.

COS • DESIG • II. 210. (AR) CAESAR • VESPASIANVS • AVG.

Petitioner IMP* XIII. Truie avec three petits. {Vienne.)

p. 322 · zoom original

858 B. Piek:

hybrid; the lapel belongs to Titas (= Coh. No. 104). — See Vol. XIII 8. 238. 213. (AB) Cohen cites a padded copy with the Inscriptions: imp • caesar • vespasianvs • avg.

Rf. IMP • XIX.

This specimen, like so many lined denarii, is hybrid; for the coins with imp*xuii and xix is precisely the lack of the emperor's name on the main side characteristic.

290. (AR) imp • CAESAR • VESPAS • AVG • COS • Hl • CBNS. Ä/. PACl • ORB • TERR • AVG.

Because of the connection cos • m • cens • doubtful results sung; see No. 8. — The coin is not in Paris.

304. (MB) IMP • CAES • VESP • AVG • P • M. Rj* PAX • AVGVST.

Because of the connection cos • iii • cens. see No. 8.

358. (AB) IMP • CAES • VESP • AVG • P'M • T • P • COS • III • CENS. Rj' PON • MAX.

Hybrid, because of the connection of p • m. on the Main page and pon • max. on the back.

360. (AR) DIVVS • AVGVSTVS • VESPASIANVS. Rf* PON • MAX • TR; P • COS • III.

Hybrid; Cohen, who once described hybridity here, notes, indicates that the coin is pure is silver.

384. (MB) IMP • CAESAR • VESPASIAN • AVGVSTVS.

(PON ? OU PONTIF • MAX •) TR • POT • P • P • COS • Villi • CENS.

About the suspected cos • vnii on copper coins. see No. 59; this would be the only Parisian copper coin with cos -villi; but there is a simple one printing errors; for Cohen adds as dating added “de J. C. 77 ou 78*” and in the first edition location (under No. 368) is also quite correct cos • viii.

On the titulary of the Flavians. 358

387. (MB) IMP • CABS • VBSP • AVG • CBNS. i2/. PONTIF • MAXIM.

The legend of the main page never appears otherwise copper coins in front; in the collection of Merchant there is a denarius that corresponds exactly to the description exercise corresponds; maybe there is a printing error Cohen before, and is to read AR instead of MB.

p. 323 · zoom original

391. (AR) (main page not described).

Rf. PONTIF • TR • p • cos • III. Caduc^c ailö. (repeat)

The lapel doesn't fit Yespasian, it belongs to him Titus on (= Cohen, Titus Kr. 159. 160); the coin is either hybrid, or the portrait is that of Titus.

392. (AR) IMP • CAESAR • VBSPASIAN « AVG.

Rf. PONTIF • TR • p • cos * IUI ' Ylctoii^e . . . sur un autd. Hybrid; the lapel belongs to Titus (same as of the Aureus in Coh., Tit. No. 163.

393. (AB) IMP • CAESAR • VBSPASIANVS • AVG.

RF, PRINCEPS iwENTVT. L'Esp^rauce. {British Museum,) hybrid; the reverse belongs to Domitianus (=Coh., Cathedral. Nos. 374-376); the same is true in the note kung approached lined coin hybrid, the re- verse is equal to Coh,, thorn. No. 389. 390.

[394. (MB) IMP • CAES • VBSP • AVG • P • M • T • P • COS • V • CENS. 395. (AR) IMP • CAES • VBSP • AVG • P • M • T • P • COS • VII.

Rf. PRINcip • iwENT. Tite ou Domitien gallopant.

Hybrid; the lapel belongs to Domitianes (= Coh. Dom. No. 400-402 MB); is the rider so Domitian. 401. (MB)

Rf» REDVCI • PORTVNAE.

It is, conversely, to read fortvnae redvci; cf. Vol. Xm a 194.

422. (GB) IMP • CAESAR • VESPASIANVS • AVG.

Rf. ROMA • ET • A vG vsTvs • COS • iTERVM • TRjBVN • POT. (La legend

360 B. Pick:

commence par cos • itervm • tribvn • pot •)• Rome debont . . ,

donnant la main k Vespasian.

Here Cohen would not have been able to ignore the visual should give way; despite the status of the legend he the two titles to the word avgvstvs of the bridge on the side, instead of as a continuation of the header to be viewed, and roma et avgvstvs as the actual one View the type's caption. — See Vol. XTYT P. 193 A. 1.

425. (QB) IMP • CAES • VESPASIAN • AVG «P'M'TR'P-P.p. COS • IUI. Rf. ROMA • RESVRGES.

p. 324 · zoom original

It can be read at the end of the main page cos-m, This is what Cohen’s addition “de J. C. 71.^ teaches

477. (GB) IMP • CAES • VESP • AVG • P • M • T • P • COS • Hl • CENS.

JRf. s-c. Vespasia in a quadrige. (Elberling.)

Behind t • p. is still p • p. to insert ; see above No. 196.

487. (MB) IMP • CAES • VESP • AVG • P • M • T • P • COS • III • CENS.

Rf. s-c. Temple.

The title cens* next to cos-m. is suspicious; ygL above to No. 8.

'501. (t MB) IMP • CAESAR • VESP • AVG. 502. (PB) IMP 'VESP' AVG« P'M'T'P.

Rf. s-c in a couronne de laurier. Both coins are Antiochene.

536. (GB) IMP • CAES • VESPASIAN • AVG • P • M • TR • P • COS • III.

Rf* T • IMP • CAESAR • COS «DES • II • CAESAR • DOMIT • COS • DES • H.

(Beger.)

There are now two copies of this coin in circulation. liner cabinet; in the main legend is behind tr-p. still p. p. to turn on. See Vol. XIII p. 229 A. 2. It was shown above that Cohen No. 204 is just a variety of this coin; and the same applies probably from the following number 537.

537. (GB) IMP • CAES • VESPASIAN • AVG «P-M-TR-P-P-P-COS • IUI.

On the titulary of the Flayians. • 361

/Z/, IMP • • • SAR • DOMITIANVS • AVG • F • COS • DESG • II. ( VenU de

mouse animal,)

In the beginning of the legend on the back page t* is just remained missing due to printing errors (see Vol. XIII p. 229 A. 2). Since the type is exactly the same as No. 204 and 536 corresponds, and the princes in the year 72 actually No longer on the back of their coins Father can appear (cf. Vol. XIII p. 232), so I believe that cos-m is also here on the main page is to be read. The legend on the back would then be to be added like this:

T • IMP • [CAESAR • AVG * F* COS • DES • II •, CAEJSAR • DOMITIANVS-

p. 325 · zoom original

AVG • F • COS • DESG • II.

547. (AR) IMP • CAESAR • VESPASIANVS • AVG.

Petitioner TR • p • IX * IMP • c — Trophy between a femme pleurant et un homme les mains li6es derri^re le dos. (Brä. museum.)

hybrid; the lapel belongs to Titus and is called completely TR • p • IX • IMP • (xv) • c[os • VIII • p • p .] — Coh., Titus #305-307. — See Vol. XIII S-358 A. 1.

548. (OR) IMP • CAESAR • VESPASIANVS • AVG.

Petitioner TR. POT • COS • III. UiSquito.

The coin is a variety of No. 101, the Le- ende is just positioned differently. — See Vol. XIII p. 194.

549« (OR) IMP • CAESAR • VESPASIANVS • AVG.

Bf. TR • POT • COS • Villi. (Vienne.)

Insert x after pot; in the first edition situation is correct. See Vol. XIU p. 385 A. 1.

570. (OR) IMP * CAESAR • VESPASIANVS.

Bf VESP * AVG • kiri • CAESERES. (Schellersheim.)

A copy of this strange coin, perhaps this- the same, is now in the collection of v. merchant; At the end of the main legend there is still avg. — The factory is barbaric^ maybe the Mfinze is minted in the same place as the barbaric denarius

{

362 • B. Pick:

No. 261. —The actual legend is, of course CAESAREs • vESP • AVG • PILI • ^ Cohcn No. 52; cf. Vol. Xin p. 194 A. 2; P. 236 A. 1.

583. (OR) IMP'CAES'AVC'P'M.

584. (AR) Bf. vic . AVG.

Of course, vbsp should be inserted after caes. 617. (ARQ) VICTORIA • AVGvsTi. Victoire assise k dr., le pied sur un globe, ^crivant sur an bouclier. 22/. aeqvitas • AVG. Modes with balance.

We know what the allocation to Yespasian is based on I don't; In any case, the coin is hybrid, made up of two Backs assembled

Vespasian and Titus.

(Cohen p. 422, 423.)

All six coins in this group are of uncertain value

p. 326 · zoom original

Reading, or the documents themselves are incorrect; after the

Most name forms seem to have been coined in Caesarea.

1. (OR) IMP • CAES • VESP • AVG • P • M.

Rf. IMP • CAES • VESP • AVG • P • TRI • P • COS • II.

On the reverse is the name of Titus in imp • caes • vesp • to improve AVG-F* (also for numbers 2 and 4); it is the same form of name that we use on the tetra- dragon of Caesarea (above p. 349 no. 5) found have that.

3. (OR) . . . . P • M • TRI • P • P • P • cos • IUI.

RF» . . . VESP AS • AVG • TRI • p • II . . . (Bibltothique Nationale de Madrid.)

A copy of this coin must also be in earlier to have been Paris; at least she is there Among the Mionnet' see sulfur pastes in the Berliner Cabinet. The reading is the following:

IMP • VESP[AS • AVG«] P • M • TRI • P« P • P • COS • IUI. /^« IMP • CAES • VESPAS • AVG • F • TRI • P • II • COS • II.

The form of the name is again the same as No. 1, 2 and 4; and I suspect that also with the

To the title number of the Flarians. 86p

Vienna Mttnze (No. 5), which is otherwise exactly the same as No. 3 is, not imp • t • caes • but imp • caes • is to be read.

6. (OR) IMP • CAES • VESPASIANVS • AV.

Rf. IMP • T • FI • AV • I . . . (British, Museum,)

Maybe the lapel can be improved like this:

IMP • T . FLAVI • [VESP • CAES •]

as on the Alexandrians of the year 70/71 (above p. 328).

Vespasianus, Titus and Domitianus.

(Cohen pp. 423-425.)

Even with this group of coins, which are mostly outside Half of Rome is characterized by errors Legends themselves partly in the descriptions.

1. (AR) IMP-CAESAR-VESPAS- AVG-COS*II-TR*P -P'P.

2. (AB) IMP • CAESAR • VESPASIANVS * AVG • COS • Hl • TR • P • P « P. [Rf, AVG • VESP • LIBERI • IMP.

p. 327 · zoom original

The legend on the back begins differently; it is closed read liberi • imp • avg • vesp, as in Yesp. No. 248 - 250 (cf. Cohen p. 424 no. 10 and 11 liberi • imp • vesp). — See Vol. Xm p. 194 A. 2.

3. (OR) imp • CAES • VESP • AVG.

RJ'. CAESAR • AVG • F • COS • CAESAR • AVG • TR • p. {BrMsh Museum^ Gotha.)

The end of the legend on the back side is a stem pel error ; it must read caesar • avg • f - cos *, caesar AVG-F-PR, same as No. 4, 5, 6, 12.

7. (AR) IMP • CAESAR • VESPASIANVS • AVG. Rf. CAESAR • AVG • F • COS • VI • CENS • TR • P.

The legend on the back page is incomplete. She is to be restituted as follows:

[IMP • AVG • F. (cos • II • ?)] CENS • TR • P •, CAESAR • AVG • F « COS «[Ql

See Vol. xm p. 369.

364 B. Pick:

' 8. (OR) IMP • VESPA • AVG • P • M • TRI • P • n • COS IUI.

Rf, CAE • DVM • ET • Ti • CAES • IMP • VESPAS. {Feu M. Jarty ä Or- lians.)

9. (OR)

Rf, IMP • VESPAS • CAE • DOM . . . RES (Miofinet!)

There is a sulfur deposit on Mionnet's specimen. paste in the Berlin Cabinet, which teaches that No. 9 is equal to No. 8; the same is already from Sallet in published in this magazine Vol. Y p. 246. The domestic fonts read:

IMP VESPAS AVG P M TRI P P P COS IUI, Rf. IMP [T] VESPAS CAE • DOM[ETTlailtl#] CAESar.

The main page legend is equal to Vesp. TU. Cathedral. No. 3 (above p. 362), so it is probably also This coin was minted in Caesarea.

18. (MB) IMP • CAES • VESPASIAN • AVG •P-M'T-P-P-P» COS • II • D • HI. Rf IMP • T • VES • COS • DESIGN • D • CAESAR • AVG • F • COS • DESIGN.

The legend on the back is, as Cohen himself stated, gives, retouched On the sulfur paste in the mountain liner Cabinet only seems certain to me as follows:

«I. . . VES COS D . . . CAESAR AVG • F COS DESIGN.

p. 328 · zoom original

See Vol. XIII p. 380.

Vespasian and Domitian.

(Cohen p. 425). Both coins in this group are hybrid.

1. (MB) IMP • CAES • VESPASIAN • AVG • COS • VIII • P • P. Rf CAESAR • AVG • F • DOMITIANVS • COS • V.

hybrid; see Vol. XIII p. 869.

2. (MB) IMP • CAES • VESPASIAN • AVG • COS • III. Rf IMP • CAES • DOMIT • AVG • GERM • COS • XV • CENS • PER • P • P.

hybrid; the s*c. missing, the data does not agree- together.

To the Titolatar of the FlATier. gg5

Domitilla iunior. (Cohen S-427. 428.)

2. (66) MEMORIAE • DOMITILAE • S • P • (^* R.

R/, IMP • T • CAES • DIVI • VESP • F • AVG 'P-M-TIl'P'P'P- COS • Villi.

(Feu M. Nomophile.)

On the reverse side of this coin is certainly cos • viii • instead of reading cos -villi; because Titas was at all only eight times consul.

Titus.

26. (GB) T • CAES • VESPASIAN • IMP • PONT • TR • P • COS • VII.

Rf. CAES • DOMiTiAN • COS • DES • II. (Vtefine.)

The data cos-vii- of Titus and cosdes-ii* of Doroitian do not match; but the coin is not hybrid, but it is on the main page There is a stamping error, cos«vii instead of cos-ii- — See Vol. Xm p. 373.

44. (AR) T • CAES • IMP • VESP • F • PON • TR • POT.

Rf, CONCOROIA • AVGvsTi. (British Museum).

The F after vbsp is doubtful to me, although one such a name form, corresponding to the t-caes-imp* avg-f of the latest copper coins (Vol. XIII p. 237), possibly lich would be; is probably simply t • caes • imp « vesp to read which with the titles pon • tr • pot more often appears connected (Coh., Tit. No. 120-122. 137).

50. (AR) IMP • Trrvs • caes • vespasian • avg • p • m. RF COS • IUI.

hybrid; because Titos, as Augustus, can no longer do anything COS* Uli -called; the Bevers belongs to the Domitianns (« Coh., Dom. No. 46). The coin is lined (Note in Cohen p. 488).

p. 329 · zoom original

71. (AB) T • CAESAR • IMP • V6SPASIANVS.

R/. COS • vui. (Vimne.)

366 ß- ^>^''-

hybrid; when Titas became cosvm (in 80), he was already Augustus; the lapel belongs to Vespasian to (= Coh., Vesp. No. 136, 137).

95. (MB) T . CAES • VESP • AVG • P • M • TR • P • COS • V.

JB/. GENi • p • R. {MM, Chedeau et de Sarcus.)

In this form is the legend of the main page impossible; impossible So the description is wrong, as well like other descriptions of Chedeau's catalogue et de Sarcus (see below for No. 175). Apparently there If Titus is to be understood as Augustus, this is probably the case improve:

[IMP •] T • CAES • VESP • AVG • P • M • TR • P • COS • V [ll Odcr IIl] •

100. (MB) IMP • T • CAES • VESP • AVG • p • M • TR • p • COS • VIII. La tfete Iaur6e & dr. Rf. IMP -T. CAES. etc. M6me legend et raöme tfete r6- p6t6es.

Hybrid, two equal main pages together; see Do- mitianus No. 173 and 299.

105. (AR) vESPASIANvs AVG. Tßc laur^e de Titus k dr.

22/. iMPER Titus galopant k gauche.

Perhaps Cohen didn't recognize the portrait; because The coin appears to be one of Vespasian's to be identical, which Oohen (Vesp. No. 221) so describes:

IMP • CAESAR • VESPASIANVS • AVG. La tc laur^c

k dr. RF IMPER. Vespasia gallopant k gauche et levant

la main dr.

107. (GB) IMP • T -CAES • VESPASIAN • AVG 'P'M'TR'P'P-P« COS • III.

22/ rvD . CAP.

The cos • III at the end of the transcription is a stamp error for cos. VII or cos • vni; see Vol. XIII p. 228 A. 1. — We have the same stamping error at No. 378 find.

To the titalatar of the Flavians. 357

112. (PB) IMP • T • CAESAR • DIVI • VESPASI • AVG. Rf. IVD - CAP.

For VESPASI, of course, read vespas • f •.

141, (GB) IMP • T • CAES • DIVI 'VESP • AVG -P'M-TR.p.p.p. COS • VIII. RF PAX • AVGVST.

p. 330 · zoom original

Between divi • vesp • nnd avg • f must be switched on ; same stamp or impression error at No. 203; The inscription at No. 189 is correct.

153. (AR) T . CAESAR • IMP • VESPASIAN.

Rf. PON • MAX • TR • p . COS • VI. Victolre.

Hybrid; Titus as Caesar is of course not pon- MAX- The lapel belongs to Vespasian (= Coh. Vcsp. No. 368).

154. (AR) T • CAESAR • IMP • VESPASIAN.

Rf, PON • MAX • TR • p . COS • VI. Femtne assise.

Hybrid, for the same reason as No. 153; Lapel of Vespasian No. 366.

155. (MB) T • CAES • IMP • PONT.

Rf. PON • MAX • TR • POT • P • P • COS • V • CENS (saUS S • c).

Hybrid, for the same reason as Nos. 152 and 153. The lapel belongs to Vespasian (= Coh. No. 3 76 fg.); these copper coins without sc are at all only was defeated in 74.

157. (AR) T • CAESAR • IMP • VESPASI AN VS.

RF PONT . MAX. Titus k cheval. {Not in Cab. de France.) hybrid; C!ohen noticed that the lapel of this one lined coin belonging to Otho (= No. 12); So the rider is Otho.

158. (AR) T • CAES • IMP • VESP • CENS.

Rf. poNTiF • MAXIM. Titus assis.

Hybrid; in the Berlin Cabinet a copy of pure Silver. The lapel belongs to Vespasian ("Cohen No. 386); the seated figure is therefore Vespasian.

171. (AB) IMP - TITVS • CAES • VESPASIAN • AVG • P • M. Rf. PRINCEPS • IVVENTVTIS. ChÄVTe.

24*

368 B ^^^ •

hybrid; Titus as Augustus is of course not prifi" ceps tuventutis. The lapel belongs to Domitian (= Coh. No. 389, 390; cf. Cohen, on Vesp. No. 393, P. 397 note 1, an example of which is in Berl. cabinet).

172. (AR.M)

jB/. princip • ivventvtis. Titus k cheval. {Mionnet*)

Whether this coin is hybrid or not at all Titus represents, I don't want to decide; the In any case, the back would belong to Domitian. Also the statement that it is a silver medallion, might be incorrect.

p. 331 · zoom original

175. (MB) T • CAES • IMP • PONT • TR • P • COS • V • CENSOR.

Rf. PROviDENT. {MM. Chedeau et de Sarcus.)

As Cohen himself notes, the title can be found CENSOR in Titus otherwise not with the fifth gon- sulat; Cohen is therefore certainly right to suggest that COS • VI to improve. Inaccuracy in this Catalog has already been noted at No. 95.

177. (QB) T • CAES • IMP • PONT • TR • P • COS • VI • CENSOR. RF PROVIDENT.

The type of age with the label provident otherwise only occurs in medium bronzes, also the Le- The end of the main page is the one commonly used on this liche; MB is probably closed here too write.

203. (6B) IMP • T • CAES • DIVI • vesp • AVG «P-M-TR-P-P-P« COS «VIII.

Rf. s-c Mars.

Between divi*vesp- and avg« f must be switched on; etc. to No. 141.

240. (MB) T • CAES • IMP • AVG • P • TR • P • COS • VI • CENSOR.

Rf. s-c/ Aigle.

Instead of AVG*p, read AVG'F-.

241. (PB) IMP • CABS • T • VESP • AVG • GERM.

Rf. sc. Sanglier marchant k dr.

To the TitaUtnr of the Flavians. 399

The main page must be incorrectly described; Tito's don't drive the Beinaiuen Germanicus. The coin belongs to Trajan; cf. v. Sallet, Zschr V p. 250.

249. (•(•MB) T • CAES • Ott CAESAR • IMP • PON • TR • POT

250, (•(• MB) T • CAES • IMP • TR • POT.

Rf. s • c in a couronne de laurier.

Both coins appear to be Antiocheuan, as such Cohen indicates by the cross placed in front of M. B., the size is different from the Roman one.

266. (AB) T • CAESAR * VESPASIANVS.

Rf» TR • p • cos • VII • DES • VIII • p • p. Eoudrc on a chaise curule.

hybrid; As Caesar, Titus cannot be pater patriae be called. The lapel belongs to Domitian (similar to Coh. Dom. No. 569): see Vol. XIU p. 388 A.2.

p. 332 · zoom original

273. (OR) IMP • TITVS • CAES • VESPASIAN • AVG • P • M.

Rf, TR • p • villi • IMP • XII • cos • Villi avec ou sans p « p.

printing errors; it must be just like the previous ones- The and following coins are called unp • xiiii • cos • vn

288. (OB) IMP • TITVS • CAES • VESPASIAN • AVG • P • M. iZ/. TR • P • villi • IMP • COS • Vll • P • P.

In the lapel is behind imp. the number xv by pressure error failed; The same applies to numbers 289-291.

320. (OR) IMP • TlTVS • CAES • VESPASIAN • AVG • P • M. Rf, TR • P • IX • IMP • XV • COS • IUI • P • P.

Instead of reading cos • IUI, read cos • viii, the same applies to Nos. 321-328.

327. (MB) T • CAESAR - U&P • cos • lU • CENS.

R/, TR • POT • cos III • CENSOR - (saUS S • C •)•

hybrid; this is shown by the repetition of the titles eos. III sensor; but both sides belong to Titus. The main side is the common one of the middle bronzes, and that seems to indicate that these coins despite the lack of sc* in Rome itself.

370 B P^«k:

329. (GB) IMP • T • CAES • VESP • AVG •P-M'TR-PP-P-COS • Villi.

Rf. TR • POT • 11 • COS • Villi . DES • p • p. Pallas. (Verde Pray de Tavemost.)

Hybrid. Cohen notes: ^M^daille hybride, mais dont les deux cöt^s sont in^dits.^ The latter is tight right. On the main page is of course at the end of the inscription cosvni to read, such Mistakes are quite common in purchase catalogs. lich. On the baking side it must say cos • viin • DES • X • p • p •, and then we have a frequent one Revers Domitian (= Coh., Dom. No. 601).

330. (AR) T • CAESAR • IMP • VESPASIANVS.

Rf. TR • POT • vii • cos • vi. Juif k genoux. (Wiczay.)

Since the coin is based only on Wiczay, I believe that there is a reading for tr. pot • vm • cos • VII (= Coh. No. 334).

p. 333 · zoom original

358. (MB) T • CAES • VESPASIAN • IMP • TR • P • COS • II.

Rf, VICTORIA • AVG VST. {Feu M, de Moustier.^

The title ponti/ea is missing from the titulature; probably is the p- behind imp only foit- by mistake stayed.

378. (MB) IMP • T • CAES • VESPASIAN • AVG • COS • III. RF, VICTORIA • AVGVSTI.

As with No. 107 above, cos • iii is stem- pel error for cos . VII or vm.

400. (GB) IMP • T • CAES • AVG «P'M-TR.p.p.p. COS • VIII.

Rf. Amphith6atre.

Due to a printing error, vesp • failed behind caes; it is correct in the picture.

401. (MB) IMP • T • CAES • VESP • AVG • p • M • TR • p • COS • VIII. Sa tfete laur^c a dr.

RJ. IMP • T • VESP ■ AVG • REST, s • c. Vcsta assise ag., tenant une pat^re et un sceptre.

On the title of the FlaTier. 371

Cohen lists this coin under the Re- stitution medals, with the heading Restitution de Titus par lui - memes and one of these super- worthy note. Of course we have to simply do it with a hybrid coin. The Main page is the ordinary of the middle bronzes of the Year 80. The back is part of a remnant tution coin, which, however, has the correct main page doesn't seem to be known yet; is similar a coin of Claudius (Cohen p. 258 Nn 102), only that instead of the sitting Vesta there is a sitting Ceres is shown on it.

Domitianus.

43. (QB) CAES • AVG • F • DOMITIAN • COS • II.

Bf, coNG • II • COS • II. Domitien assis sur une estrade .... {VaiUant et MoreU.)

The coin is very doubtful; it would be wonderful It would be strange if Domitian, as Caesar, had a congiarium. should have given while from his father or Nothing similar is known to my brother. 44. (AR) CAES • AVG • F • DOMiT • COS. Sat kissed laur^e, barbue, a dr.

p. 334 · zoom original

Rf. conSECRATio. Aigle ^ploy£.

Hybrid? Cohen believes that the lapel of the Marciana heard. The main page is also suspicious; for Domitian still has in his first consulship didn't mint any coins, couldn't be bearded either be displayed.

52. (MB) CAESAR • DOMITIANVS • AVG.

Rf, cos • V • PRINCEPS • ivvENT. (Frappi en Asia.)

At the end of the main transcription is avgf- read.

101. (MB) CAES • DIVI . AVG • VESP • F • DOMITIANVS • COS • III. Rf, FELICITAS • PVBLICA.

872 B ^«k-

Since Domitianus as divi Aug. Vesp. f. is designated, so cos • VII must be read instead of cos • in.

172. (AB) CAESAR • DIVI • F • DOMITIANVS • COS • VII.

iZ/. iMP • CAES. Temple.

Hybrid, it seems; because the inscription imp • caes Domitianus will probably turn out to be Augustus relate; at least this type only comes along otherwise with the main page domitianvs • avg • germ before; cf. No. 170. 171. 174.

173. (MB) IMP • CAES • DIVI • VESP • F • DQMITIAN • AVG • P • M. Sa tfite

laur^e k dr. i2/. iMP-cAEs etc. M^me legend r^p^t^e et m6me tfite.

299. (MB) IMP • CAES • DIVI • VESP • F • DOMITIAN • AVG ' P ' M. Sa tfete

lauröe k dr. BJ. La m^me legende et la m6me t^te r^p^t^es.

The two coins are identical. Both are hybrid; two identical main pages together, as in Titus No. 100.

346. (6B) CAESAR • DIVI • VESP • F • DOMITIANVS • COS • VIII.

Bf, PAX • AVGvsT. {Not in Cab. de France.)

Since Domitianus only became cos • vni as Augustus, so is here to improve cos-vn; also at No. 438.

869. (AB) CAESAR • AVG « F • DOMITIAN.

Rf. poN • MAX • TR • p • COS • IUI. Caduc^o ail6.

Hybrid; the titles don't fit Domitian. The Lapel belongs to Yespasian, although not an exemplar plar with whose head is known; with cos*v we have the same type in Cohen, Vesp. No. 861 and 362, with cos • vii under No. 375.

p. 335 · zoom original

438. (MB) CAES • DIVI • AVG • VESP • F • DOMITIAN • COS • VIII.

Complainant s • c. Pallas.

For cos • viii, cos • vii should be written, as well as above at No. 346.

542. (BP) CAES • DIVI • F • VESP • DOMITIAN • COS • VH.

Bf, s-c Corne d'abondance. {M. Bollin.)

On the notation of the FlATier. 878

The name is probably ^ caes * divi * vesp * f * do MiTiAN za yerimprove.

550. (GB) IMP • CAES • DIVI • VESP • F • DOMIT • AVG • GERM .... SOIl buste

laur^k dr.

Ä/. TITVS • IMP • AVG • DOMITIANVS • S • C TltC Ct DOIDitieQ dC-

bout k gauche sur une estrade plac6e k droite; plus bas, a figure debut; en face d'eux, three figures que Celle qui est au bas de Festrade a Tair de haraDguer.

This description of the strange coin can can't be right. The Paris example is, according to information from Dr. Wilcken, poorly preserved; should be a good one in another collection If there is a copy, its publication would be very important to wish.

555. (GB) iMP • CAES • DlVI • VESP • DOMITIAN • AVG • P • M. Ä/". TR . P • COS • VII • DES • VIII • P • P.

After vesp *, f must be switched on.

580. (AR) CAESAR • AVG • F • DOMITIANVS.

22/. TR • p • cos • VIII « p • p. Autel allum^. {Not in Gab. de Franee).

hybrid; because Domitian as Caesar can use these titles not lead. But the lapel seems to be his own to belong; similar, only tr • pot instead of tr • p Cohen #598.

590. (AR)

22/ TR • p • III • IMP • V • COS • villi • p • p. El^phant. {MorM.)

If the head is that of Domitian, that is it Coin hybrid. The lapel is spoiled from one of Titus (in Cohen No. 303).

591. (AR) iMP • CAES • DOMIT • AVG • GERM • P • M • TR • P • Xll.

jß/ TR • p • IX • IMP • XV • COS • VIII • p • p. lilephant. (Vienne.) hybrid; the lapel belongs to Titus {^ Coh, Tit. No. 300), see Cohen's note on p. 519.

p. 336 · zoom original

374 B. Pick: On the titulary of the FlaTier.

631. (MB) CAESAR • DIVI • AVG • F • DOMITIANVS • AVG • COS • VII. iZy. VICTORIA • AVGVST.

Since Domitianus is called avg •, then before Caesar is still to supplement iMP.

Domitia and Domitianus.

(Cohen p. 538.)

1. (AR.M) DOMITIA • DOMITIAN - AVG • P • M • COS • VI. i2/. IMP • CAESAR • DOMITIANVS • AVG.

Since Domitian, as Angustus, was no longer cos -vi, certainly cos • vii should be written.

Berlin. B.Pick.

Smaller communications.

In the Gazette arch. VI 1880 p. 191-195, PL 32 G. Schlumberger brought a terracotta from GoloS, which is through A young man with a crescent moon on his shoulders sitting on the floor in an oriental manner, with one on the Knee placed rooster in the R. and one against the chest pressed what the editor called grapes The picture certainly shows a fruit that represents a pine apple in which L demonstrates. The connection of the rooster with Men seems completely outrageous to Schlumberger (p. 6*2: “Jamals en effet, le coq n'avait 6t6 jusqu'ici, que je matter, regardä comme un des emblfimes de cette divinit^.*" — "J'ai vainement interrogä les mattres les plus comp^tents, et all vainement parcouru les ouvrages sp^ciaux, le fil reliant le coq au dieu Lunus n'est pas encore retrouvö d^une maniöre sufflsamment nice**). But already Minervini, Noteia di alcune terrecotte ancient della Collezione del defunto Francesco Mongelli in Napoli, Bull. arch. Napoleon. n.s. No. 38 (14 deir anno II)» gennaio 1854 (p. 105 ff.) white p. 108 for the relationship between the rooster and the man lead: Diog. Laert. Hb. VIII segm. 34 p. 517: aXfxtQv6vog

xdq mgag^ and Jamblich. vit. Pyth. lib. I cap. 28 p. 87 : fHidi dvs dXtntQVOva levxöp' hthtig jraQ^ xal Ugog rot' M^yog^ dt6 nal afifuiivavaip &Qav, and lib. II Symb. 18 p. 146: aUxxqvova rgi^s f*iv, /i*f ^i;** Mt^rl ydq nal ifüicj» xa j^u^ cSta». And Cavedoni,

p. 337 · zoom original

376 Minor hip fitness.

Spie. nam. p. 250 cites Aelian, De nat. anim. lY c. 29: Y> as- xtQvdv Tigfg (fek^yijs ärKfxov(fijg iv&ovdiq^ (patfi, nal ö^tQtq. Aasser-

But coins from several cities in Asiatic provide examples of this the occurrence of the rooster in Men. Already Minervini 1. c. p. 108 commemorates a coin of Lucius Verus of Pariais, Eckhel, Syll. I p. 53, Tab. V No. 11; D. N. V. HI p. 34; Mionnet Suppl. VII p. 148 No. 8, at the feet of the standing one, in the R. the lance in which L. shows a rooster to a man holding a Nike; and no less the coins of Antioch Pisidiae, Eckhel D. N. V. ni p. 19, on which the rooster is also at his feet of the god appears. Just to quote Mionnet, listed like this this one opened the cock next to Men under Antoninus Pius (III 492, 4) Septimius Severus (III, 493, 10-12; Suppl. VII 94, 32. 34) Caracalla (III 486, 27; Suppl. VII 96, 43-44); Geta (HI 498, 37 Suppl. Vn 98, 57—58) minted coins of the city. Further he brings Suppl. VII 89, 8; 90, 9 coins of the same with the Head of the man on the front and a rooster on the back page. Mionnet Suppl. VII 636, 21 also records one Coin of Caracalla from Ancyra Galatiae, on which appears: Men standing in long robes, with Phrygian caps on the head, the first foot on a bull's head (— in the Avesta the moon is called gao-kithra "containing bull's seed"* and should When the prince dies he preserves his semen and so that the different types of livestock were created. mirror, Er&nische Antiquity 11 p. 70 No. 11; Violinist 1st c. p. 307-308; G. Hoffmann 1st c. p. 148 — ), the R. on the lance, in the L., supported on a stump of a column, a Nike, on Ground a tap. Also included is an autonomous coin from Attuda Mionnet IV 242, 288 shows men standing on the reverse, with the Phrygian cap, the coat around the shoulders, the L. on the lance, on the R. a bird, which is probably here too is a rooster, although an eagle is also sometimes seen in men. is evident, 80 on one of this God of a certain Relief from Thorikos dedicated to Mithradates and his wife Attica, where men with the Phrygian cap on an eagle

p. 338 · zoom original

Smaller communications. 377

is shown floating, Milchhoefer, The Museums of Athens p. 24; as also coins from Laodicea ad Lycum in the obverse Head of the man, in the lapel an eagle with carrion spread Swinging lead, Imhoof-Blumer, Mon. gr. p. 404 No. 117, 119. Finally Schlumberger himself makes p. 194 to a communication de Longp^rier*s pointed out that the cock was on one Small bronze of the Oeta from Germanicopolis Paphlagoniae (Mionnet H 398, 64; Suppl. IV, PI. XH, 5) as a symbol of men may be, as a medium bronze of Julia Domna from the same city (Mionnet Suppl. IV 567, 99) this God in its entirety represent shape. For men or a solar deity, thereby tends to give preference to the interpretation of the former, explained Minervini 1st c. p. 106-107 also a terracotta from the museum to Karlsruhe (Fröhner, D. Vase Collection in Karlsruhe No. 612), which shows a young man in Phrygian costume with a rooster in the hands depicting riding on a rooster, and that of Gerhard (Arch. Zeit. 1851 p. 29) for Phosphoros, by Walz. (On the polychromy of ancient sculpture, Tübingen 1 853, plate II No. 1 p. 10 note 23) for one who went to the temple of Asclepius hoof offering a thanksgiving offering to those who have recovered on horseback will. Meanwhile, Stephani (C. r. p. Tann 1873 p. 46 - 47 ; p. Tann. 1876 p. 174 - 175) both this terracotta statuette and one similar ones (C. r. p. Tann. 1862 PL 3, 12 shown) of the Kaiserl. Hermitage with a lot of probability for representations of the Attis explains').

1) For the occurrence of the rooster in Artemis Tgl. Schlumberger L c. p. 193; Stephanie, r. p. Tann. 1863 p. 94; L. Garlitt, Bist. n. phil. AoMUe £. Dedicated to Curtins sn on his seventieth birthday on September 2, 1884 p. 158: Artemis riding a rooster, terracotta in Berl. Antiq., woU a gana-like figure, like the fon Minerrini I. c. tar. II, 4, p. 105-106 from the Mongelli collection, noting that another one belongs to him The same example is known as “dea del giomo*.

p. 339 · zoom original

W. Drexler.

378 Minor Communications.

Venerabilis. “In centuries past, the importance of veneer was Rabüia and Honorabilü are so little established that even worldly greats are often called that; In 1125 the Count of Flan- dern venerabilis eomes^ 1156 who comes from Holland honorabilis (Miraeus, opera diplomatica et historica I. 377, IV. 514). In In later times this only occurs very sporadically and is not common imperial charters; This is the name of the Duke of Venerabilis in 1205 Carinthia in a document from the abbot of Viktring (Ankers- hofen, document records on the history of Carinthia, p. 649 in: Archive for customers of Austrian historical sources 1848), In 1235 the Duke of Poland in a document from the city of Halle (Tschoppe and Stenzel, Silesian-Lausatian document collection on the history of the origin of cities. 294); in low- In Saxon documents we find a venerabilis comes in 1211, In 1239 he even earned a venerabilis miles or in 1400 one ritter (Scheidt, historical and diplomatic news from the high and low nobility 352, 356, 357, 358). In the Of course, they were usually only available to clergymen in the past. needs, probably in such a way that venerabilis definitely needs one referred to as higher rank.^

I take this quote from the work:

J. Ficker, On the Imperial Princely Class. Research on the history of the confession constitution first in Xn. and Xm. centuries. I. (Innsbruck, 1861.) p. 147. and on the basis of this I clear out contrary to p. 199 The opinion expressed to Mr. Erbstein, the directors, is that one the V of the Frisian denarii of Count Ekbert without propriety to venerabilis may supplement, and that the possibility of one The same supplement is also used for the Meissen bracteates. is to give. The traceability of the rose bracteate to ancient However, the guarantee that I made on p. 210 is not achieved touched.

p. 340 · zoom original

Smaller communications. 379

MüDzfund from Kolpin.

In the village of Eolpin near Storkow it is the end of July a depth of one foot underground and between two connecting red sandstone slabs, which dwindle about the thickest finger at the bottom and the thicker probably two fingers strong, on top an earthen, bulbous vessel with a coin Treasures were found, half of which were made from Bohemian groschen half consisted of Brandenburg denarii. The first were distributed in such a way that 179 groschen went to King Wen- Zeslaus U. of Bohemia, 204 groschen to King John come. Of the latter, one represented in 78 copies mentions tener denarius (Weidhas VU, 6) to Margrave Waldemar von Brandenburg; the remaining 371, on the other hand, have no inscription. Among these is the denarius W. VII, 7 in 86, W. VIH, 7 in 13, W. Vm, 16 in 3, W. Vm, 17 in 10, W. Vin, 19 in 36, W. X, 14 available in 9 copies. Combine another 66 pieces the main page of W. IX, 11 with a reverse page showing a Helmet in a wreath shows, and 153 pieces the main page of W. VIII, 6 with a reverse showing a lily cross with a Bears ball at every angle. Three pieces are finally finished Coincidentally only embossed on one side and one copy carries the Reverse page of W. VIII, 9, in two copies the main page of

w. vn, 6.

The era of Cleopatra. Correction to Volume XIII p. 75 of this magazine. The inscription on the copper coins Cleopatra with the head of Antony and on a copy in Berlin with floating Nike:

eiOVC KA TOY KAI C OeAC NeCJTePAC (the lines above the numbers are often not visible) is, like Krall in the Vienna Studies V 1883 p. 313 has proven on Orund of the inscription from Philae: iXtoS ual 6' ^{^{erm^) K as double date and the C is for&r c, six to

p. 341 · zoom original

380 Minor fitness events.

read. The year KA, twenty-one, is the year of government Cleopatra, the year c, six, but the year of the era of Ghalcis in Syria, namely that of the donation of that dominion to Cleopatra, according to the words of Porphyrius (in Easebius ed. Schöne I, 170) “tö d^ ixxaidixatoy AvoikitSd^ to nal nqmtov inftd^ T€3isvtij(favtog AvfUi^axov %ffi iv Svqiq Xalxtdog ßatfiliiag^ Mdqxog ^Avxdvkog 6 avtoxQäfiöQ zijv t« Xahclda . . . naqidmxs r§ Ki>$ond%qq.

The earlier assumption that the date of the coins only meant the one number two hundred and twenty-one is therefore eliminated, there are two dates, the year of Cleopatra's desire and the fifth Year of their rule over Chalcis in Syria. The Syrian one Origin of the coins, which already reflect the character of the same was closed is secured by this discovery; the Assumption that Aradus was the place of minting, but is probably wrong, we certainly have it further north, on the mainland, in or near Looking for Chalcis.

A.V.S.

Literature.

Weingärtner: The silver coins of Cölnisch Herzog thum Westphalia and County or Yest Recklinghausen, together with historical news. With illustrations 1 - 57. Münster 1886, property and publisher of the author. 8^. 160 p. Plates I-IV.

Orote, to whom we have written so many exemplary monographs We owe a good part of the coins to ours. owed the same; This gap seems to be filled the Mr. To have given the author the task, at least that is the case This work is already the third such work, after the above Paderborn and Corvei preceded it. Here we will Mint of the mints Soest, Werl, Medebach, Brilon, Atten- dorn, Schmallenberg, Marsberg, Arnsberg, Cörbeke and Lfigde presented to those of Recklinghausen and DoFsten as the Mints of the County of Recklinghausen are connected With the exception of a few denarii from Soest, they are from the ore Bishops of Cologne, as is well known, usually only with episcopal title embossed; Only near Arnsberg are all the counts Coins included. Why? is actually not foreseeable since they have already been treated so thoroughly by Grote. environment one would rather have the medieval ones in addition to the new ones. Royal coins from Marsberg have been taken into account because of them but reference is made to an intended treatise on Corvei. Nieheim seems to be unfairly left out; the Mr. Author wants to

p. 342 · zoom original

ZtitMhfifl Ar HBaliDwtik. XFT. 25

3B2 Literature no.

(p. 21) demonstrated in his writing about Paderborn that that the von Cappe (Cologne 763) was given to Archbishop Siegfried written denarius Tielmehr from the Paderborn he Simon comes from. However much one has reason to distrust Cappe, where he stands on his own feet, it is different here, where he is covered by Schönemann, because he is very careful and knowledgeable writers give us (to the fatherland. Coin kd. Plate VIII, 1, p. 70) this coin with the inscriptions . IFIDV. . PISaO Rf * HIGH . MOIVITTtS aP. By Cappe On the other hand, Mr. lead the author to make two errors let. He follows him in the assumption of a village Corbeke as Archbishop Konrad's mint, while Orote in the detailed coin studies (V, p. 106) the coins in question relate to Corbach, and this without Doubts are justified, because they are completely corresponding, except for the necessary The differences in the name and title are completely the same. Nare by Count Adolf of Waldecker, Konrad's contemporary are available (Mzstud. V, Tab. VI, 5). How can you without it? compelling reasons in a village that was not previously a city had rights to accept a mint? And if you do that Coin inscription Corbeke does not want to recognize as Corbach, why should Medebeke (see pages 88 and 89) then be Medebach? A further, The error taken over from Cappe is (p. 5) that the ore Bishops only accept the coins that contain the emperor's name as decomposers of the imperial coin. Would be Here the emperor is decisive, so it wouldn't just be them most coins of the spiritual and many secular lords of those Early period for imperial, but also all coins from Hamburg, Lübeck, Bremen, etc., which belonged to the emperor bear his name and sometimes his picture, and even the names coined by Joachim U. of Brandenburg, which was coined by Johann Friedrich I. of Saxony with Charles Y. title, and many others from their I only have a large number of thalers from Casimir and George Brandenburg (Madai 1031) wants to single out, despite of his "moneta Caroli V Cae. et Roman, imper*" nobody yet

p. 343 · zoom original

laterator. 383

doubted that he had a coin from this margrave and not The Emperor's Kecht seems to me to be questionable. Division of Vol. XIV p. 43 of this magazine for the bishop Arnold von Osnabrück claimed denarii from the Cologne ore Bishop Arnold II (1151-1156). Because after the S-COLONIA was previously certified as an inscription on Osnabrück coins (Mzstud. IV, Taf. I, 1 and 2), after we have coins with Arnolds y. Osnabrück have names (a. a. 0. No. 3 and a similar one unedited obol of my collection) after a very hunch* preferred denarius to his immediate successor Gerhard (vol. XIV p. 43 d. Z.), we would have to look Manoeuvrable towards Osnabrück, not aimed at Cologne if not that Mr. W. emphasized the archiepiscopal title of the man in Kede Denarius would give them a different direction. But it's the same Even if expressed clearly, it still doesn't help us all concerns aside. It seems preferable in this one Arnold an imitation of the Soester, who was so similar to him Philip's denarii, which also marks the archiepiscopal copus (A3aOG+S) is sufficiently explained, especially (according to p. 49) under the 7 specimens of the Herford find from which this one Denarius became known, 3 had completely meaningless inscriptions.

In detail, the hard work that... Mr. Author supported us with a rich collection of his own 80 complete rows have been able to demonstrate, although there will of course be no lack of additions. The denarius, the mader, perhaps provides such an addendum (Vol. I No. 105) to the Archbishop of Bremen Siegfried (1179-1184) attributes; In any case, this time is too early for a coin that completely similar to those of Siegfried of Cologne, and the BRIMA, whose The last two letters in the illustration are only faintly displayed. are indicated, would probably like to transform into Brilon, what Definitely to claim only the consideration for Mader's greatness care appears questionable.

p. 344 · zoom original

Finally, a linguistic note: Why write the Mr. Authored with a monogram instead of inscriptions?

25*

384 literature.

A good portion of the coins described in the text are early the included 4 lithographed tablets in sufficient illustrations shown; one would like to regret that not all the main Types of at least the medieval coins are depicted are, solely in recognition of the financial difficulties that oppose the realization of such pious wishes- we have to make do with what is offered and We would like to express our thanks to the author for his laborious work. speak.

H.D.

Misprint.

Page 17 Line 3 Tone above read: avrelivs Caesar avg pii f cos ii.

" 195 " 8 ," " INNOCE instead of NONCIE.

385

Aachen. Denarius Philips 258.

Abassid coin 213.

Adalbero v. Laon. Denarius 240.

Adalbero v. Rheims. Denarii 241.

Adalbero III Bishop of Verdun 76.

Eagle on coins from Lyttos 79. 91. Malta 77. Olbia 5. Eagle standing. Coin design of the Antiochenian Imperial Serial silver coins 331 fg. Ad ler with snake, on coins from Aesemia 165.

Adolf von Berg. Mühlheimer Gold guilder 21.

Aegiale 120.

L. Aelius. Coin of Alexandria 803. 326.

Era of the Battle of Actium 341. on imperial coins for Judaea 307. on Antiochene coins 310.

Era of August 302.

Era of the anni Augustomm 307.

Caesarian era in Antioch 312. 341.

Era of Cleopatra 379.

Era of Chalcis in Syria 380.

Era of Seleucia 310. 312.

Aesemia 161. 164.

Ayya.,, Officials of Chios 195.

Agrippina. Own Alexandrian Coins 326. Coins of Caesar rea Capp. 817. Coins for Judaea 308.

Akragas 124.

Akrasos. Bronze coin Septimius Se- verus 9.

Albanus option 31.

p. 345 · zoom original

Albert III v. Namur 268. 283.

Albrecht v. Brandenburg, Cardinal. Raised head cut into stone 29.

Albrecht v. Prussia and its allies mahlin. Heads raised in stone cut 28.

Alexandria 96. Lack of autonomy mie 303. Imperial coins 103. 300 fjg. Coins of the Flavians 321 fg. coin of Yaballathus as Augustus 16. Imperial mint under Diocletian 306. Federal coin of Alexandr^ and Ephesus 304. Imperial coins with Sarapis and Fortuna 109, with Hermes and Sarapis 106, with Sara

Sis and a ram 110th with [ermes with poppy head 112.

Alexandria Troas 233.

AUaria on Crete 77.

Alliba (Allibanon) 165

Allifae 165.

Altenburg. Bracteates 198. 210.

Alwich V. Strasbourg 247.

Amenanos. Head on a drachma from Catana 2.

Amisos. Autonomous drachmas under Hadrian 296.

Ammon 111.

Cupid hovering over the branch the thunderbolt-slinging Zeus on coins from Aesemia 164. Cupid with a Yexillum in triumph Procession of Bacchus 19th

Amyntas of Galatia 14.

Ancyra Galatiae 128. 285. 876.

Andemach 75. 270. 284.

Andrew II v. Hungary 251.

Stop. Bracteates 207.

Anno V. Cologne 270.

Antioch Cariae 284.

Antioch ad Or. Kaisermünsen and City coins 308 fg. Senate Kapfer coins 312. 346. Imperial f[ap- fermünzen (?) 347. Municipal tables Copper coins 347.

386

Antioch Pisidiae 376.

Antiochus VII Euergetes 103.

Antiope is missing from coin depictions of the Famesian bull 12.

Antoninus pins. Coins v. Alexandria 103. 109. 111. Antioch 376. Argos 103. Nominal coins 304. B.C. Smyma 8. Tabae 117.

Antony n. Cleopatra 379.

Annbis on a coin from Perinth 96.

Aphrodisias. Asclepius 235.

Apis on coins from Perinth 97.

Apollo on Staters v.Side 142. Apollo Heads on coins of Maussolus 156. Pixodaros 157. from Yenafrum 165. Caiatia 171. Miletus. 151 fg. Olbia 5. Tyra 6.

p. 346 · zoom original

AnoXkta. . . Officials of Chios 153.

ApoUonia ad Rhyndacom 117.

Aptera in Crete. Coins with city names and those with monograms 82 fg.

Apteras, Heros on coins from Aptera 83.

Aquileia 242 fg.

Aqninum 160. 266. 293.

Arabic coins in German denarii found 254.

Aradus, erroneously considered the mint place of the mint zen of Cleopatra and Antony guesses 380.

Argaeus mons. Coin image of Caesaria Capp. 316.

Argos. Coin of Antoninus Pius 103.

Aribo V. Mainz 289.

AgtaroxXtjs, Erythrae Mint Officials 150.

Arkadia (Peloponnese). Coin with Mo- nogram 81.

Arkadia on Crete 81.

Arnold, Archbishop of CöId. Ver- supposed minter of the denarius with Soest mint mark 43. 216.

Arnold I, v. Corvei 274.

Arnold, Bishop of Osnabruck. Denarius according to Soester type 43.

Arnold v. Rheims 242.

Amsburg, Jerome. Mint Master to Blankenburg 231.

Arnstadt. Bracteates 193.

Arsinoe on Crete 81.

Artald v. Rheims 242.

Artemis in connection with Men Coins 116 fg.

jiQXtrovg. Mint officials of Erythrae 151.

Assarion, Asiatic. ^ Denarius or

LReich seat equal 41. hakara, not arshakara 16.

Aaxltintadrjs, officials of Erythrae 151.

Asclepieia 122 fg. 235.

Asclepius. Head on coins from Ae- giale 120.

Athens. Ancient tetradrachm with impressed Himiaric Stamp 15.

Athena sitting on the Prora Coins of Demonicus of Cyprus, Reminiscence of the ballustrade Nike Temple 145. Athena Parthe- nos modeled on staters of Page 142.

A&tjva . . . Officials of Chios 153.

Attuda 376.

Atrax 121.

eye. Coin design from Elaea 235.

Augsburg. Denarii 213. 281. Bractea ten 189.

Augustus. Denarii with countermarks Vespasian 74th Coins of Alexan- dria 300. Antioch 309. Polyr- rhenion 91. Seleucia 309. Fort- counting the years of the reign of Augnstus nnter Tiberius in Alexan- dria 301. Antioch and Seleucia 311.

p. 347 · zoom original

Aurelian. Reorganization of the coin creature 305. Emeute of the coin worker 37.

M. AureL coins v. Alexandria 107. Caesarea Capp. 318. Tabae 107. Nominal coins 304. Medallion with the triumph of Bacchus 17.

Anrelius Sostratus. Mint officials in Byzantium and Cyzicus 95.

Aurunca 162 fg.

Autonomous coins of the Greek States in Roman times 295. Auto nome silver coins from Amisus Time of Hadrian 296. Antioch, La- Odicea and Seleucia under Augustus, Tiberius and Nero 309.

Axos in Crete. Coins 88. 92.

Baalram, King of Cyprus. Stater 144.

Bacherach. Gold guilders 223.

Bacchus triumphal procession on a me- daillon of M. Aurel 17.

Baghdad 293.

Bavarian denarii 267.

387

Baldwin IV v. Flanders 241. 268.

Bardeleben, Joh. t. Seal stamp 30.

Bardney 290.

Bardo v. Mainz. 280. 287.

Basel. Goldgolden 219.

Bac^Xivovctt. nickname Yon Cherso-

neeos 283. Basilin's U 248. Bath 251. 291. Bedford 292. Benedictbenem. Seal stamp of the

Abbey 30. BENNOMEVECIT. Coin inscription 239. Bergaios 7.

Bergheim. Goldgnlden 223. Bernhard I y. Saxony 246. 250. 254.

273. 286. Bernhard n t. Saxony 254. 267. 279. Bernard III y. Saxony. Bracteate

208. Bemold v. Utrecht 272. 278. 279. 285. Beuthen a. Or. Seal 186. Bianos on Crete coins with Mo- nogram 81. BOd and writing aof coins 295. Bingen. Goldgolden 219. Cn. Blasio. Denarii with counter mark

Yespasians 68. Bohemian bracteate 211. Bracteate en

of the Filehner n. Sarbsk find

50. Bohemian groschen 379. Bolesiav m of Bohemia 247. Bolsward 271. Bonn. Gold guilders 221. 222. Bonlogne. Count's denarii 240. Borchard y. Mansfeld. Beiterbractate

194. Bracislans I y. Bohemia 251. Brandenburg bracteates from the

Finds from Boemencia 21. Braunschweig. Ducal Bracteates

p. 348 · zoom original

194. Braunschweiger Löwenpfen-

nifire 54 Wroclaw. Karl lY coin cover 61. Heller

60. Briddac 250. Brig. Customs of the Prussian purchasing

people 62. Britannicus. Coins for Judaea 308. Briula Lydiae. Bronze coin of the Ota

cilia Seyera 14 Bruno III y. Friesland 271. 278. 284. Bruno y. Würzburg 289. Humpbacked bull on Asia Minor coins Zen 12. 115. 116. Bujiden 293.

Allied war. Coins 172. Byzantium 95.

Byzantine coins in German Denarius finds 254.

G. Caesar. Alexandrian coins

326. CAESAR iNViCTvs. Coin label

244. Caesarea Capp. Imperial coins 316.

City coins 318. Caesarea. SUbercoins of the Flavi

see Kaiser 348 fg. Copper coins

352. Caesarea Palestinae. Coin of the De-

one 93. Caesarea. Mint place of the imperial

Coins for Judaea(?) 308. Caiatia 160. 164. 171. C. Calvin's. Sp. f. Jnstus manceps

officinarum quinquae, item flaturae

argentariae 38. Campani 175. Capna 173 fg. Caracalla. Coins of Alezandria

302. Ancyra Sal. 376. Antioch

376. Hadrianopolis 93. Jasos 112.

Laodicea 122. 125. 127. Magnesia

Joniae 114. Perinth 98. Tabae

117. Tire 234. CAROLi PONDvs. inscription one

Weight from the Carolingian period 29. Cassel 263.

Catana drachma of Euainetos 2. Celles 268. 283.

Censorship took over design in the imperial era nation on 33. Centaur, holding a girl, on one

Coin named Diony 6. Centaurs the chariot of Bacchus

pulling on a medallion of the

M. Aurel. 17. Chersonesos. Nickname BaaUsvomfa

233. Chersonese in Crete. coins with

Monogram 81. 89. Chios 152 fg. Christiana felligio. inscription one

Denars Lothw's I 20. M. Cipins. Denarii with counter mark

Yespasians 67. Cistopnorus, tetradrachm, 3 denarii

equivalent to 4L Claudius. Coins for Judaea 308.

p. 349 · zoom original

from Perinth 100. Divus Claudius.

Coins from Caesarea Capp. 317.

388

Claudius Gothicus. Coins v. Alexan dria 103. City coins 305.

Cohen. Description historique des monnaies frapp^es sous Pempire Romain. Comments on the Fla- four-coins 353.

Col. now. Phoenices. Supposed Coin inscription 234.

Commode. Coins of Alezandria 1 12. 302. Elaeus 130. Themaothyra 116.

Commune Phoenices 234.

Concordia sacrificing on coins from Perinth 99.

Conductores flaturae agentariae mone- tae Caesaris 39.

C. Considius. Denarius with counter mark Yespasians 71.

Constantine XI 248.

Constantius Cloms. Alexandrian Coins 303.

Constance. Denarii 267. Bracteates 189.

Contomiat with representation of the color Nesian bull 13.

M\Cordius Rufus. Denarius with Contra brand Yespasians 71.

Cn. Cornelius Lentulus. Denarius with Countermark Yespasians 70.

L. Cornelius Scipio As. Denarius with Counterbrand Yespasians 68.

Comu. Phenices. Supposed coin inscription 234.

Corvei 274.

Crispina. Coin of Smyma 125.

Crossing. Bracteate 51.

Cukn. Heller 61.

Cumae 175 fg.

Cursors 37.

Cybistra 119.

Cypem. Copper coins of the Ko^vov KvnQitav 342. Silver coins Yespa- sians 337. Coins of the Princes Titus and Domitiau 345.

Cyzicus 95. 305.

Aafjivog. Officials of Miletus 152. Damonikos of Cyprus. coins with

the lion-strangling Heracles 144. Danish coins 259 282. 292. Gdansk. Heller 61. Dardanus Troadis 8. Dating of Greek coins 297. Dating according to years of rule in

Alezandria 297. Antioch 311. Decius. Coin of Caesarea Palestinae

93.

Dekvinum raanum. Wrong added

Coin inscription from Nuceria 182. Jtlfjta^vo^. Officials of Miletus 151. 152. Demeter on coins from Mallos 13.

Pantalia 94. Serdica 94. Demeter head on coins from Olbia 5.

p. 350 · zoom original

the Pallensian 84th from Syracuse 3rd

Tyra 5. JiifAog. Heads on a coin from

Laodicea 120. Demostratos. Grammateus in Magnesia

115. Designation as Emperor and Cen-

sor 33. desultor on coins from Suessa

161 fg. German order coins 48 fg. Deventer 272. 278. 285. Dietrich 11 BC Mors, Archbishop of

Cologne. Gold guilders 222. Dietrich 11 BC Altenburg. Bracteate

198. Dietrich, Yogt. Denarius v. Goslar 279. Dieulouart. Bishops' Mint

V. Yerdun 76. Digamma. cf. Yew. Dinant 268. 283. Diocaesarea. Coin of Philip

sen. 93 Diomedes stealing the palladium

a medal of Francis I v. Fr. 27. Jiiav. Officials from Eos 135. Diony. . . City or dynast in Thra-

cien or Macedonia 6. Dionysus resting on a donkey

Coins of Euagoras v. Salamis

and from Mende, an afterimage of one

Attic work of art 147. Dionysus the satyr on the foot

rocked, on coins from Nysa

and Pergamum 94. Dionysus in connection with girls robbing centaurs and satyrs 7. Dionysus on a lion, on a

Coin of Caesarea Palestinae 93. Dionysopolis Moesiae 106. Dionysopolis Phrygiae 105 fg. Dirke, cf fames bull, dispensator rationis monetae 37. Document 271. 278.

AOMiiNO nOAic false reading 93. Domitia and Domitian 374. Domitian 371 fg. Coins with the

Dating tjovg viov hqov 337.

Silver coins from Caesarea 350.

Noun coin 304. Domitian next to

Titus on a copper sester ore Yes-

389

pasians 31. Gyprian didrachms

of the Prinzeu 345. Domitilla 365. DomitiasDomitianus. Alexandrinishbe

Coins 306. Double hatchet on a coin from La-

risa 7. Dortmund ^46. 254. 279. 287. Dra. . . Inscription of an Akamanian

Coin 8. dradara, not tradata on the double stater des Eadphises 16. Threesome, Blankenbürgisch 230. Trident on a coin Yon LappaSl. Duisburg 277. Dun. Mint of the Bishops of

p. 351 · zoom original

Verdun 76. Dürer 23. 25. Durst&dt. The bracteate-shaped ones

Re-examinations are Frisian, not

Polish 248.

6 (round epsilon) on coins from

Side in the 1st century. v. 14.

Boar on an ounce of Capua 174.

Boar as an image of the Kapros River 120.

Boar head prophylactically 132.

Boar head on coins from Ljttos 91.

Edward v. England. Bath 251.

Hytfi. . . Officials of Chios 153.

Eimbeck. Ducal denarius 59.

Ekbert of Friesland 378.

Elaea Aeolidis 95. 235.

Elaeus on the Thracian Chersonese 130 fg.

Elatos in Crete. Coins with mono gram 85.

Elbing. Heller 6t.

Eleuthema in Crete. coins with Monogram 84.

Elizabeth the Saint 261.

£1 Muqtadir 293.

£1 Q&hir 293.

Elvros in Crete. Incorrect coin attributes bution 84.

Emden 27?. 286.

Engelhardt v. Naumburg. Bracteate 201.

Ephesus 150th Covenant Coin from Alex- Andria and Ephesus ;i04. gold and silver coins Vespasian 299. Inscriptions by C. Vibius Salutaris 40.

Epidaurus 121 fg.

Epinal 276.

Erfurt. Bracteates 194 denarii 250. 275. 289. Seal stamp of the university versity 30.

Eric. Bishop V. Verdun 76.

Erik Jarl and the rest of Scandinavia Vish princes of the name Erich 237.

ERTH V. ELHAR ME FICID. coin pick-up

font 239.

Erythrae 150. 151.

Eschwege. Bracteates 194.

Esslingen. Farewell to the Empire in 1524 139.

*EnQa in Crete. Coins with mono gram 87.

Ethelred 247. 254. 266. 281 fg. 290 fg. Imitation of his pennies through Udo V. Stade 237.

ETOY2 NEOY lEPOY. dating the Antiochene tetradrachms from Galba to Nerva, the imperial Silver coins Cjpems in recent times Years of Vespasian 331. 337 one Imperial silver coin of Cae- sarea Capp. (?) 336.

Euagoras I v. Salamis 147.

Euainetos. Coin die cutter 2. 4.

Eucleidas. Coin stamp Schneider 3rd 4th

p. 352 · zoom original

KvxQartic. . . Officials of Erythrae 151.

Eustace v. Boulogne. Denarii 240.

Ejth. . . Coin stamp cutter 3

Torches of snakes ringed as Symbol of Demeter on coins 95.

Counterfeiting under Vespasian 353.

M. Fannius. Denarius with counter mark Vespasian 67.

Farnese bull on coins from Akrasos, Thyatira and on Contor- niaten 9 fg.

Faun. head on one ounce of capua 174. Tuder. Salapia.

Faustina min. Coins from Alezandria 110.

Felix, optio and exactor auri argenti et aeris 31.

Fensemia 183.

Ferdinand 11 BC Austria. head er- have cut into stone 28.

Fimes. Seal stamp of the Schölfen 30.

Fistelia 166 fg.

Flanders 241. 268.

Flaturarii 89

River god on coins from Cybistra 119.

Frankfurt, not the mint of the Brac

390

Desire.

Teaten with King and Queen 192.

Gold guilders 218. Francis I v. France. Cast medal

27. Frederick 1 Barharoeea. Bracteate from

the Odenwald find 21. Frederick V. Saar Werden, Archbishop

y. Cologne. Gold guilders 221. Friesland 249. 271. 278. 284. Frisian imprints of the drought

city denarii 248. Fortuna in Yerbinding with Sarapis 1 08. Fulda. Bracteates 194. 204. Denarii

280. 289. Fürstengroschen, Blankenburg. 229.

Galba. Coins with the dating trovg vtov ngov 381.

Galerius Maziminianus, alezandri- niche coins 303.

S. GaUen. Bracteates 180.

Gallienus, coins y. Alezandria 103. Tabae 117. Themaothyra 116. ex- stretched coinage of the Greek Cities under Gallienus 305.

Gandersheim. Bracteate 195.

Garz. Bracteate with three nettle leaves 48.

Gelnhausen. Coins and seals 29. 191 fg.

Gera. Bracteates of the Quedlinburgers Abbesses 200.

Gerhard, Bishop y. Muenster. supposed- official mint of a denarius Soester Tjnus 43. 217.

p. 353 · zoom original

Gerhard, Bishop y. Osnabruck. Denarius according to Soester type 43.

Germanicopolis Paphlagoniae 377.

Geta. Coins from Antioch 376. Germanicopolis 377.

Weights from the 2nd half of the 9th or the 10th century 18.

Gittelde 274.

Simultaneous embossing of the seal and Hollow coins 58 fg.

Gold coins of Hesse 264.

Gordian. coin y. Ephesus 304. Perinth 99.

Gorgoneion on coins from Olbia 5.

roQVHoy. Officials of Erjthrae 151.

Goslar 249. 279. 287.

Greek inscriptions in the Orient minted imperial coins 298.

Greek inscriptions on the Tiochene imperial copper coins since Traian 314.

Gristow, gentlemen y. Bracteates 190. Groningen 272. 278. Gruber, Conrad. Palatinate Neuburg Mint master 139.

Hadrian. coins y. Alezandria 106. 110. Apollonia ad Bhynd. 117. No- men coins 304.

Hadrianopolis. Coin of Caracalla 93.

Rooster on coins yon Aquinum, Ga- iatia, Cales, Suessa, Teanum, Tele- sia, Yenafrom 160. Rooster as At- tribute of Men 375 fg.

Halberstadt. Bracteates 194. 204. Seal stamp of the city 30.

Hanseatic cities. Sealing and hollow coins zen 58 fg.

Harold I 282. 292.

Harald Heyn from Denmark. Denarii 22.

Harpocrates on coins y. Perinth 97.

Hatton Chatell. Mint of Bi- schoe y. .Verdun 76.

Hennekin Wendes. Seal stamp 29.

Heinrich H, German Emperor. Denarii yon Deyenter 278. 285. Dortmund 246,254,279. Huy 283. Cologne 284. 269. Maestricht 246. Mainz 249. Strasbourg 247. 250. Worms 288.

Heinrich DI, German Emperor. De- from Celles 266. 283. Duis- Castle 277. Erfurt 275. Fulda 281. Goslar 287. Cologne 277. Mainz 274. 280. 289. Speier 249. 288. Utrecht 271. Worms 275. 280. 289.

Heinrich lY, German Emperor. Denarii from Duisburg 277. Goslar 249.

Henry VI, German Emperor. odes Walder Bracteates 192.

p. 354 · zoom original

Heinrich YII, German King and Mar- garetha. Denarius 192.

Heinrich 11 y. Stade. Denarii 236.

Henry I y. Baiem. Begensburg Denarius 214.

Henry II y. Baiem 247.

Heinrich UI y. Baiem 247. 250.

Henry the Elder Leo 252.

Heinrich y. Braunschweig -Grubenha- called Eimbeck Denarius 59.

Heinrich von Gardelegen. sealing and Hollow denarii 59.

Henry II y. Glogau. Bracteate 52.

Heinrich lY y. Wroclaw. Bracteate 52.

Heinrich YI y. Wroclaw 63.

Enthusiast.

391

Henry I y. Hesse. 260.

Henry I lY, Bishops of Yerdun 76.

Henry II v. Yroburg, abbot of Fe- gan. Bracteates 200.

Henry III v. Posem, abbot of Pe- gan. Bracteates 201.

Helios. Head up next to Fallas head a silver m. by Olbia 5.

Helmstedt. Bracteates 195. 204.

Hera Samia on a perinthian see Nero 100 coin.

Hera and Zeas. Heads on a coin by Ferinth 96.

Heraclea Joniae 102 fg. 144.

Heracles on lionfeu, on one Coin of Diocaesarea 93. Hera- kles in kneeling position on coin zen of Mallos and Syracuse 145. Heracles strangling a lion on coins of Demonicus of Kypros 144th of Heraclea 144. v.MaUos 14. as a follow-up formation of a Myronic group 142 fg. Heracles of two Satjm and a panick supported on coins zen of Alexandria. Troas 233. He- Rakles head on coins from Dra. . . 8. Erythrae 150 fg. Kos 156. Mallos 13. Olbia 5. Heracles, err- mainly on coins v. Magnesia seen 115.

Heribert v. Helmstedt. Bracteates 1 95.

Hermann. Denarius v. Emden 273. 286.

Hermann the Scholar of Hesse 260.

Hennann nv Cologne 249. 277. 287.

Hermann v. Metz 276.

Hermanubis 114.

Hermes in bond with Sarapis on coins 105 fg.* Heads up Coins of Signia 160. Suessa 161.

Hermopolis Lydiae 106.

Heart field. Bracteates 193. 204.

p. 355 · zoom original

Hessen 260 fg.

Uiadmerus 250.

Hildesheim. Bracteates 194. 204. Denarii 287. Mariendenari d. 14. century 59.

Himera. Tetradrachm with Pelops 9.

Himiarian coins 15.

Hippodamia and Pelops on one Bronze coin of Antoninus Pius by Smyma 8.

Hippopotamus 93.

Highest. Gold guilders 219 fg.

Honorabilis. Medieval rank designation 378.

L. Hostilin's Sasema. Denarius with

Counterbrand Yespasians 71. Hroza. Count's Mint Master

Heinrich U v. Stadium 236. Hus. Medal 225^. Huy 283. Hybrid coins of the Vespasian

Time 353 fg. Hypnos on a coin from Laodicea

128. Hypnos in the Onlt of the Healing Gods

129. G. Hypsaeus. Denarius with counter mark

Yespasian's 70th Hyrgalea 102. Hyrium 183.

Jason^s sandal on a coin from Larissa 7.

Jason. Coin of CaracaUa 112.

Jerusalem as the prime location of the imperial Coins for Jndaea(?) 308.

Jever 251. 273. 286.

Ixtc^q. Officials of Chios 155.

Imhof, Christoph Andreas lY, coin collector and writer 23.

Emperor position as co-regent The society allows for a time limit of 32.

Joachim I v. Brandenburg. bronze medal of H. Schwarz 25.

Johannes Innocens Anastasins, the Collegiate saints of Gandersheim Abbey 195.

John. Standing on a mill home gold guilder 22.

John V. Bohemia. Groschen 379.

John V. Opole 64.

John V. Hersfeld. Bracteate 193.

John nv Mainz. Gold guilders 219.

John V. Speier. Denarius 288.

John Frederick V. Saxony. Medal Neifahrer's 225.

Inntos. Officials of Chios 154.

tnnoXoxof. Officials of Erythrae 151.

Imnm 184.

Isabella v. Portugal and Carl Y. heads raised cut in stone 28.

Isis standing on coins from Perinth 100. With a crescent moon on his shoulder, on coins from Heraclea loniae 101. Hyrgalea 102. Themisoninm 102.

p. 356 · zoom original

Isis Felagia on coins from Perinth 100.

Isis and Sarapis. Heads on one Coin V. Perinth 97.

Itfr«... Officials of Chios 155.

392

Efigister.

la^^fia . . . Officials of Chios 154. Jndaea. Imperial coins 306%. Coins

of the Jewish War 328 fg. IVLE ME FECIT. Coin inscription 239. Jnlia Domna. coin v. Germanico

polis 377. Julius Caesar. Denarius with Oontre

brand Yespasians 71. Junius Brutus. Denarius with Contra

brand Yespasians 72.

Kadphises. Double stater 15.

Eahla. Bracteate 194.

Imperial years in the Orient since Trajan

tribunic years equal to 314. Empresses. Coin Law 326. KalHstos, son of Agathopous,

Archon v. Briula 14. Kanerku, not Kanerkes 16. Kapros, Fiuss under the image of one

Ebers 120. Charlemagne. Denarius of Siena

19. St. Martin's Abbey in Tours

20. Charles IV Breslan coin cover 61. Karl y. MedaUle Neifahrers 225. Karl y and Isabella v. Portugal. heads

raised cut in stone 28. Charles I, Bishop of yerdun 76. Karthaea. Asclepius 235. Cephalos. Heroes on coins of the

Pallensians in Cephalonia 84. Kleberger, Hans. Stone model 23. Knossos 84. Knut 282. 291. Koblenz. Gold guilders 221. Cologne. Denarii 213. 246. 249. 254. 266.

269. 277. 283. Gold guilders 221. Konrad n, German Emperor. Denarii

y. Aquileia 242. Derenter 278.

Dortmund 279. 287. Friesland 249.

Goslar 287. Cologne 249. Mainz 287.

Speier 275. 280. 288. Stra8sburg275.

281. 289. Thiel 279. Würzburg

280. Conrad III v. Mainz. Gold guilders

220. Konrad I v. Speier 275. 280. 288. Konrad v. Utrecht 278. KOVNRAD ME FECIT. Coin inscription

239. Kos 155. Kranae in Cephalonia. coins with

Monogram 81. Cretan copper coins without city names named yespasians

or his sons and consnlats information 352. Kimstwerke on Greek coins recreated 142.

p. 357 · zoom original

Jafjiidiov, officials of Erythrae 151.

Laodicea ad Lycum 377.

Laodicea Phiyiae 120 fg.

Lappa in Crete. Coins with mono gram 8 1 . countermarked coin 9 1 .

Laon. Denarius of Archbishop Adalbero 240.

Larisa. Jason's Sandal Coin 7.

Lusatian-Brandenburg Bracte aten 51.

Lebus. Willbrand's Mint Magdeburg 48th episcopal seal stamp 30.

Legends of the Roman coins start left on section 32.

Leissnig. assumed bracteate 1 90.

jfjyaMs. Officials of Miletus 152.

Lens. Denarii 240.

Lerch, Martin. Palatinate-Nenbürgischer Mint master 137.

Lete 6.

Jevxtnnof, officials of Miletus 152.

Leuwarden 271. 284.

Liegnitz. Heller 60.

Lindau. Bracteates 189.

Livia. Own Alexandrian coins Zen 326.

Lobdaburg. Bracteates 194. 210.

London 254. 281. 290. 292. Coin inscription on a German coin with Cologne city name 270.

Lothar I. Denarius with bust 21.

Lotus flower on a Pes coin sinns 94.

Lion on coins from Miletus 151 fg. Lion biting the shaft of a lance 174.

Lucca 243.

Lucius yerus. Coins of Alezan dria 107. Caesarea Capp. 318. Par- iais 376. Tabae 117.

Ludolf of Swabia. Regensburg Denarius 214.

Ludwig d. Pious. gold coin with bearded bust 21.

Ludwig in Y. d. Palatinate. Gold guilders 223.

Ludwig I n. Bishops of Yerdun 77.

Lupoid V. Mainz 275. 287. Erfurter Bracteates 194.

393

LVTEGER ME FECIT. Coin on BChlift

289. Lydford 291.

Av»o(f . . . Officials of Ghios 154. Lykos, Flnss, as a wolf on a coin

Yon Laodicea 120. Lyra, aaf a SUber coin from 01-

bia 5. Tm 6. Lyttos on Crete 91.

Macrian. Gold coins 18th

Maestricht 246.

Magdeburg. Archiepiscopal Bractea

tens 206. Denarii 246. 274. 279.

Moritzpfennige 194. 205. Magdeburger, meronymns. medalist

p. 358 · zoom original

225. Magnesia Joniae 114 fg. Magnus d. Oute 239. Milan 243. Mainz. Denarii 246. 249. 254. 267.

274. 280. 287. Gold guilders 219 fg. Maiozamalcha Mesopotamiae 234. Makdiis. Oscan coin inscription

163. Makiis. Oscan coinage document 163. J. Mal. Denarius with Gontre mark Yes-

pasians 69. Malie's 171. MaUa. City on Crete on the Bosom

from Malia. Inscriptions and coins

77. Malliatores 36. Mallus 13. 14. 142. 234. Manceps aerariae monetae 38. Mansfeld. Reiterbracteate 194. Smaller

Bracteate with structure 208. Marburg 260. Margaretha and Heinrich Vll. Denarius

192. MariengToschen, Blankenburg. 228. Matala in Crete. Incorrect coin attri-

buttion 89. Manssolus v. Caria 156. Mecklenburg. Bracteates 190. Medici, Giovanni. Cardinal (later

Leo X). BronzemedaiUe 25. Medici, Lorenso. Medals 26. Meier, Hans. Wardein zu Blanken- castle 232. Meinhard, Barthold. Blankenburg

Mint master 229. MeiBsen. Royal coins 196 fg. Men 375 fg. Men in connection with

Artemis on coins 116ff. Men in

Connection with a Sphinx 118.

Mende. Coin with Dionysus a donkey 147.

Mtvi^mnoi. Mint officials of Ephesus 150.

Merseburg. Bracteates 201. 250.

Mestwin I v. East Pomerania. seal stamp 29.

MUet 151 . 152.

Co-reign of the younger Augustus Certainly temporary under Severus, just like so that of Titus 32.

Modaia. Probably Cretan coins city 89.

Modal (Modaia). Presumably created table mint city 89.

Monograms on coins. exit the custom of the Peloponnese and Cephalonia 90th in Crete with pre- love related 77 fg.

Morin in the Neumark. Fake coins attribution 185. Seal 186.

Mulhouse. Royal bracteates 191.

Mühlheim. Gold guilders of Adolf V. Mt 21.

Muizzeddaula 293.

Munus divinum. Auction of a gold Coin of Ludwig D. ¥t, 21.

p. 359 · zoom original

Munster 280.

Coin workers under an optio. Emeute under Aurelian 37.

Augsburg coin convention 1533. 140.

Coin box from Altorsowa 74. Arrohof 282. Living out 203. Baasdorf 46. Bb'ensbach 6. Augsburg 189. Bö- menzien 21. Bünstorf 48. 190. £rxleben204. Filehne451^. Gan- dersheim 204. Groningen 203. Gross Briessen 47. Halle a. p. 1 95 fg. Herford 43. Horst 151. Jarocin 243. Jessen 211. Izbica 47. Ka- waUen 248. Eikol 47. Klein-Bos- harden 253. Klein-Vach near Esch- ways 190 fg. Kolpin 379. Künzels au 218^. Laucha 263. Makolin 47. the Mecklenburg-Pomeranian Border 189. Neu-Werpel near Pemau 276. Obrzycko248. Odenwald 21. 192. Pelczysk 55. Pithyos on Chios 149. Rathau 209. Ragow 245. S. Gallen (Rosenberg) 189. Sarbske 45 fg. Sarzana in Tuscany 19. Schadeleben 47. 203. Schönin gen 242. 248. Simoitzel 248. Sinzlow 248. Stolp 248. Tempelhof 212. Trebitz 194. Trebnitz 46 fg. Vol- pertshausen 191. Vossberg 237.

394

poisoner.

in Essenbeigischen 268 fg. from Wöbs am Peipus 266^.

MunsmeiBtemamen on German fellows telalter coins 239.

Coin order, imperial tone 1524 139.

Mintholder inscriptions 36fig:.

Coin plates for the Roman imperial cial coin made in Entreprise represents 39.

Coin Types. Arbitrariness of stamps tailor when choosing carrion and parallel tests in different nen landscapes 53. Coin type Expansion in Lower Italy 164.

Myndos 118.

Myronic group in replicas on coins from Mallos 142 fg.

Replica coins next to the original coins

manufactured 254. G. Naevius Baibus. Denarius with Contra

brand Yespasians 70. Namur 268. 283. Naumburg. Bracteates 201. Naxos in Crete. Incorrect reading

the coin inscription 81. 92. Neapolis 176 fg. Coin of the Yolusian

p. 360 · zoom original

110. Neifahrer, Ludwig. Medalist 225. Neisse. Heller 60. Nemesis with the main decoration of the

Isis 127. Feeding snakes

Coins of Laocdcea 125. Smyma

125. Nero. Coins for Judaea 808. Cae sarea Capp. 316. Perinth 100. Nerva. Coins from Caesarea Capp.

317. Coin with the date

iToPs vtov nQov 337. Neuburg. City coat of arms and Palatinate

Count's coins 123 fg. Nicolans HI Este from Ferrara. Medal

of Pisano 27. Nicomedia and Smyma. Federal coin

125. Niedereibbish imitations of the

Ethelred coins 238. The S. Colonia

Denarii 252. Dutch replica coins 269,283. Nike on a drachma of Catana

2. Tetradrachms of Spacus 3. 4.

Nike standing, on coins from

Sagalasso 15, Soloette 14.

Nike^ of the Terinaean coins a

Reminiscence of the balustrade

Nike Temple 145. Nike a child

leading, on a coin of Euagoras v. Salamis, the Parthenon frieze taken from 147. Nike the two- team of the lightning-slinging Zeus referring to coins from Capua 164.

Nominal coins, Egyptian imperial coins 304.

Nordhausen. Royal bracteates 191.

Nordic coins 276. 298.

Nordlingen. Gold guilders 219.

Nuceria Alfatema 180 fg.

Nunmularii 86.

Nuremberg. Gold guilders 218.

Nuremberg artist from 1537. Stone Model of the H. Puchner 23.

Nysa 94.

Octavia. Coins of Perinth 100.

ODDV MEFiT. Coin inscription 239.

Oils. Heller 60.

OfFenbach. Gold guilders 221.

Officinatores monetae aurariae argen- tariae Caesaris 31.

Olaf Skotkonung 239.

Olbia. Silver coins and cast Bronze mark 5.

Olus in Crete. Coins with mono gram 81.

Olympic Games of Asia Minor Cities 9.

^OfAfiQlTM. (Hin^jaiites) 15.

ofiovoia. Coin from Ephesus and Alezandria 304.

Onesiphoros. Strategist and coin holder amie of Acrasus 9. 10.

p. 361 · zoom original

ENE. Prague Mint Master 247.

Opole. Heller 60.

Oppenheim. Gold guilders 223.

Optio and ezactor auri argenti et aeris 3 1.

Oriental coin 22.

Orrheskiri 6.

Osnabruck. Denarii according to the Soest type 43. 210.

Otacilia Severa. Bronze coin from Briula Lydiae 14.

Otho. Denarius found in v. Bagow 248.

Otto I denarii of Cologne 213. 246. 254. 266. 283. Mainz 287. Trier (?) 215.

Otto n. Denarii of Cologne 283. Mainz 267. Speier 267. Worms 267.

Otto HI. Denarii from Andernach 284. 270. Constanz 267. Dortmund 246. 254. Cologne 249. 254. 269. 277. 283. Maestricht 246. Mainz 246. Qued Linburg 246. Speier 246. Verona

395

247. 251. 298. Worms 247. 249. 280. 288. Würzburg 247.

Otto m and Adelheid 247. 250. 254. 267. 274. 286.

Otto lY. Mühlhanser Bractest 191.

Otto Heinrich Yon of the Palatinate and Phi- lip 183 fg.

P. Cretan form of the same 87.

Pagement 229.

PaUa, identical to Ifalla on Crete

78. Pallas on a coin from Briula

Lydiae 14. Head on coins from

Allifae 166. Aptera 83. Head next

Helios head on a silver coin

Tone Olbia 5. Pallenses in Cephalonia. Wrong

Coin attribution 82. Pan in the triumphal procession of Bacchus 17. Panormus. Incorrect coin attribution

83. Pariah 376. Pantalia. Coin of Septimios Severus

94. Pariah 243.

Pegau. Bracteates 2001^. Pelops on a Tetracb'achmon yon

Hunera 9. Pelops and Hippodamia

on a bronze coin of Antoni

nns Pius of Smyrna 8. Perga 118. 305. Pergamum 94. 95. Perinth. Egyptian coin collections

Cnltus taken 96 |g. Persian king on a coin yon

Mallus 14. Personnel naming suppressed and

represented 33. Hiut. . . Officials of Chios 154. Pessinus. Coin of Poppaea 94. Peter on a denarius of Wratis

law y. Bohemia 251. Horse, grazing, on a coin of

p. 362 · zoom original

Larissa 7. Phaestus. Incorrect coin attribution

90. Phalasama on Crete. coins with

Monogram 80. 90. •PavoxX^f. Officials of Chios 158. Philip Pat. Coin of Magnesia

Joniae 115. Diocaesarea 93. Philippus fil. Coin of Laodicea

125. Philip y. Swabia. Scripture coins

256 fg. Mühlhauser Bracteate 191.

Philip II y. Spain. Head raised cut in stone 28.

Philip, Bishop y. Osnabruck. De- nare 44.

«Arj7(. Officials of Chios 154.

4»iTTag. Officials of Chios 154.

Phocaea. Gold and silver coins Yespasians 299.

Phiygillos. Coin stamp cutter 2. 3.

Piligrim y. Cologne 249. 284. Denarius Andernach 271.

Pirkheimer 24.

Pisano. MedaiUe of Nicolaus III. Este yon Ferrara 27.

Pius. Nicknames of Otto I and Otto U after what happened to Ludwig, Rudolf, Hugo 257.

Cn. Plancius. Denarius with counter mark Yespasians 71.

Plock. Seal stamp of the Dominican monastery 30.

Poland. Bracteates of the time y. 1280/1320. 55. Hohlheller 61.

Polyrrhenion on Crete. coin of August 91st

Pomedello. Medalist 27th

Pomerania. Bracteates 48

Poppaea. Coin of Pessinus 94.

Poppo y. Aquileia. Denarius 242.

Popno y. Toner 251. 284.

M. rorcius Cato. Denarius with Contra brand Yespasians 69.

Poseidon. Heads on a coin from Lappa 91.

Prague 247.

Probonm. On coins from Snessa 161.

Prussia. Bracteates 48. Trade with Silesia 62i

Priansos on Crete 91.

Procurator monetae 37.

Prostanna 118. 305.

Protesilaus, on a coin from Elaeus 131. of the Phthiotic The- ben 132.

Proyincial tests of the Roman Government 298.

PtolemAeer. Dating according to Herscher years 297.

Pnchner, Hans. Stone model of Nuremberg Berg artist from 1537. 23.

Pyranthos on Crete 91.

Qnadratum incusnm on a coin

with the name Diony... 6. Quedlinburg 246.

p. 363 · zoom original

396

Be({i8t6r.

Qaeichhambach. seal stamp of

15th century 27. Qnietos. Gold coin 18.

Regensburg. Denarii 214. 247. 250.

Begenstein. Coin files from the 16th century. 227 fg.

Regrinum ravalanum. Coin inscription by Naceria 182.

Reinald v. Jülich-Geldem. gold gold the 223rd

Remagen 249. 270. 277.

Rheims. Archiepiscopal denarii 241.

Rhense. Goldgolden 221.

Rhodes 156. Rhodian drachma I denarius equal to 41.

Riehl. Gold guilders 222.

Rini 291.

Robert, King V. France. head on a denarius of Adalbero from Laon 240.

Robert, P. Charles. Monnaies et chips of the ävSqaes de Yerdnn. (Ex- trait de Fannnaire de la soci6t^ fran^aise de numismatiqae 1886) Macon 1886, shown by Dannen- mountain 15.

Rochester 247.

Roda. Bracteate 210.

RODVLFVS NEGOTIENS. inscription a weight made from CaroÜngish Time 19.

Roman denarii in German denarius found 248.

Roverella, Archbishop of Ravenna. Bronze medal 26.

c (round sigma) on coins from Side in the 1st century. v. 14.

Sagalassus coins under Claudius 305.

Salapia 174.

Samanids 213. 248.

Jason's sandal on a coin from Larissa 7.

Sarapis, standing on coins of Caracalla, of Severus Alezander of Perinth 98. Heads on coins v. Heraclea Joniae 101. Perinth 90. Sarapis in conjunction with Fortuna lOS. in conjunction with Hermes 105 fg. Sarapis and Isis. Heads on one Coin of Perinth 97. Sarapis in Connection with an Aries Coins HO fg.

Satyr on northern Greek coins 7. Satyr on the heels of Dionysus rocking 94.

Scaptores 38.

Scabs, Blankenburg. 230.

Silesia. Bracteates from the finds from Filehne, Gross-Briessen and Sarbske 51. Bracteate-shaped Heller 58 fg. Trade with Prussia 62. Key pennies 47.

p. 364 · zoom original

Schmalkalden 261.

Schmidt, Kilian. Wardin at the Blankenburg coin 228.

H. Black. Bronze medal of Joachim I V. Brandenburg 25.

Schweidnitz. Boar's Head Heller 60. Half-groschen according to Polish style form 63. Coin Ordinance Sigis- mouth 61.

Cupping head as an attribute of Asclepius on coins from Aegiale, Atrax etc. Epidaurus 120 fg.

Scylla on coins from AUifae 166. Scylla, chasing a fish, on one Tetradrachm from Syracuse 3.

Secundus. Grammateus in Magnesia 114.

Seleucia minted under Claudius in 305.

Seleucidisee era 341.

Senatorial copper coins from Anti- ochia 3 1 2 fg. Senatorial copper stamped by the most distinguished op- tiones supervised 37 . Senatorial Copper testing by entrepreneurs executed 39.

Sennheim, Kurolingian mint 20.

Sensemia 183.

Septimius Severus. Bronze coin v. Acrasus 9. Antioch 376. Pautalia 94.

Serdica 94.

M. Sergius Silo. Denarii with counter brand Vespasians 68.

F. Servilius Rullus. Denarius with Contra brand Vespasians 69.

Severus Alezander. Coins v. Perinth 99. Thyatira 9.

Side. Staters with Apollo and Athena 142. Tetradrachms with round Sigma and Epsilon 14.

Seal stamp collection 29.

Siegfried v. Mainz. Erfurt Brac teaten 4. 19.

Siena. Denarius CarPs of the Great 19th

Sigismund. Gold guilders 2 18fg. coin Ordinance for Schweidnitz 61.

397

Signatores 36.

Signia 160

Sigwin V. Cologne 277.

J?*^o ... .Officials v. Miletus 152.

SIMON ME FECIT. Coin inscription 239.

Sinigaglia, supposed place of finance GarPs of the Great 19th

Sithestebnrj 291.

Siwa next to the bull, on one Double stater of Kadphises 16.

Sroyma. Bronze coin aes. Antoninas Pias 8. Smyma and Nicomedia, Band coin 125.

Soloettes (Soloettos), Asia Minor Dynasty 14.

p. 365 · zoom original

Sofia 260.

2aiCaiK. On coins and an inscription 234.

Speier 246. 249. 267. 275 280. 288.

Spes on an Alexandrian coin of Yaballathus 16. On the bronze Medal of G. Medici 25.

Spitignew y. Bohemia 251.

Spinello, Nicolaus Forzore di (Florence tinus). Medalist 26th

Stade. Count coins 236.

Stassford 292.

Stone as an image of the deity on one Coin of Myndos 118. Stones raised cut, with portrait behead 27. Stone models of H. Kleberger and H. Puchner 23.

Stephan I y. Hungary 251. 276.

Taurus. On a silver coin yon Tyra 5. Bull wreathed by Nike on coins from Suessa 162. Yenafirum 165. Caiatia 171.

Bullhead bracteates 47. 48.

StoUberg. Beiterbracteates 194.

Stralsund. Bracteates 190.

Strasbourg. Denarii 213. 247. 250. 275. 281. 289.

IjQott^fli, officials yon Miletus 152.

XiQtnAdd. Officials from Erythrae 151.

Straubpfennige 228.

Strelen 199.

Subaerate Flayian coins 353.

Suessa 1611^.

Suppostores 31.

Syracuse. Tetradrachm of Phiygillos and Enth. 2. of Ph^gillos and Eukleidas 3rd of Eukleidas 4th of Eualnetus 4.

Syrian imperial coins 308 fg.

Syen Estridson 282.

ZtitMktift ftr NamiMBtttOc XIY.

Tabae. Coins with Artemis and Men 117.

Table 37.

Tacitus. Coins from Perga 305.

Talentum Rhodium 41.

Temenothyra 116.

Terina 145.

Thaler test. Beginning of the same in Hesse 264.

Thasus 7.

Themisonium 102. 234.

Theodoric, Duke of Lorraine 76.

Theodoric, Bishop of Yerdun 75.

Ston$q. Officials of Ghios 153.

Q. Therm. Denarius with Oontre mark Yespasians 69.

Theudimar of Aquileia 242.

StwiQonog, officials of Miletus 152.

StvtJ. . . Officials of Chios 1 53.

Thiel 272. 279. 285.

Thimo y. Kolditz, Abbot of Pegau. Bracteates 201.

L. Thorius Baibus. Denarius with Oontre brand Yespasians 69.

p. 366 · zoom original

Thomas. Heller 61.

Thuringia. Royal Beiterbracte aten 210. Landgrave rider bracteat 194. Dynastic supporters bracteates 209.

Thyatira. Bronze coin of Seyerus Alexander 9

Tiberius. Autonomous silver mint yon Laodicea 309. Coins y. Alezan dria 301. Caesarea Gapp. 316.

Tiess, Christopher. Mint master too Blankenburg 232.

Titus' legal status in the Jewish wars. Acclamation to the Empire gate, designation to the noun impe- ratoris and to the tribunician rule walt 34. Alezandrin and Asian character an outflow the title of emperor and the co-representatives ency 326. Titus Caesar. on- Tiochene Senate copper coins 346. Imperial loan or municipal K- M. 347. Cyprian didrachms 345. coins y. Alezandria 322 i%. Cae sarea 350 Jewish coins 3*i9. Coin with the dating ixo»^ kcov M^ov 337. Titus next to Domitian on a Yespasian copper sestert 31.

Todi. Municipal seal stamp 30.

k I

398

Enthusiast.

Tny'an. Coins v. Alezandria 106. 112. Cybistra 119. Tabae 117. Noun coin 304. Head on one Contorniates with the famesian Taurus 13.

Tranquillina. Coins v. Alexandria 107.

Trapezopolis Gariae 107.

Tres Tiri aere argento aoro flando feriondo 37.

Trier. Denarii 215. 250. 251. 270. 284. Gold guilders 220 fg. seal Stamp of the cathedral chapter 30.

Triton on coins from Allifae 166.

Tender 174.

TVNTENON. Macedonian coins* Scripture 6.

Tiurpillianus. Denarius with counter mark "Vespasian 14.

Turuschka Dynasty 16.

Tyra. Super coin 5. 6.

Überlingen. Bracteates 189.

Overprinting of a Nolan coin by Caiatia 171. One coin Yon Cales by Naples 179.

Udo y. City 237.

Udo IV V. Strasbourg. Denarius 213.

Ulrich V. Augsburg. Denarius 213.

Indeterminate German coins 268. 276. 281. 289.

p. 367 · zoom original

Hungary 276.

Utrecht 249. 271. 278. 284.

Wow. Cretan form of the same 88. 92.

Yaballathus as Angustus. Coin clay Alezandria 16.

Yalerian. Coin of Phenicia 234. Ton Tabae 117. Themaothyra 116.

Yenafrum 160 165.

Yenerabilis. Medieval ranking drawing 378. 198.

Yen US Paphia. Cypriot coin image Silver coins Yespasians 337.

Yerdun. Coin history 75. Denarius 254. Seal stamp of St. Peter's abbey 30.

Yerona 243. 247. 251. 293.

Family names Coins 261.

Yeseris on Yesuv, probably that old fensemia. 183.

Yespasians Gontremarken on Fa- miliendenaren 67 fjg. Coins

T. Alezandria 321 fg. Ga6sarea348. Antiochene Senate copper coins 346. Imperial or municipal K.- M. 347. Jewish coins 328. Coins with the dating «rov$ v§op nQov 332. Sestertius with Titus and Domitian 31.

G. Yibius Pansa. Denarius with Gontre brand Yespasians 70.

G. Yibius SiJutaris. Ephesian interior writings 40.

Yictoria, hurrying. On a gold coin of Quietus 18.

Yolusian. coin y. Neapolis 110.

Yulcan. Head on coins from Ae- semia 162.

Waldemar v. Brandenburg. Denarii 379.

Wine gardener. The silver coins from Gölnisch Duchy of Westphalia and County or Yest Beckling- hausen, discussed by Dannen- mountain 381.

Weindt, Michael. Gk)ldschmidt and Münzwardein 141.

Weligaford 292.

Wendenpfennige 214. 247. 250. 252. 254. 26 & 281. 289.

Wenzel U v. Bohemia. Groschen 379.

Advertise. Bracteate 49.

Werner v. Falkenstein, Erzb. y. Trier. Gold guilders 220.

Werner, Grand Master 63.

Wesel. Gold guilders 220.

Wetterau. Denarius 191.

Vienna pfennigs 54.

Wilhehn v. Utrecht 271. 284.

William the Middle of Hesse 262.

Willbrand v. Magdeburg. coin in Lebus 48.

Willigis V. Mainz 246. 249. 267. 287.

p. 368 · zoom original

Wittenberg. seal stamp of the university versity 30.

Wirzburger, Jacob Blass rents 1563 the Blankenburg Mint 228.

Vladislaus t. Opole 64.

Wladislaus JagieUo 64.

Wladislaus Sokietek 63.

Wolf as an image of the river Lykos 120.

Wolfhagen 260.

Worms 247. 249. 267. 275. 280. 288. Seal stamp of the cathedral chapter 30.

Wratislaw v. Bohemia 251.

Würzburg 247. 280, 289.

Enthusiast.

399

Xanten 277.

York 255. 890 292.

ZAiEAEAN. Macedonian coinage Letter 6.

Zenobia 103.

Zt^ytay, officials Yon Ghios 153.

Zethos, Trgl. Farnese bull.

Zeus blitischleudemd in a two-horse team on coins from Aesemia 164. Capua 16i. Heads on a coin of the soloette 14. Sagalassus 15. Zeus Movyjinoc. Heads on coins of Malla main deity in Malla,

Lyttos, Hierapytna 77^. Zeus

K^tjtayty^f. Heads on coins y.

Polvrrhenion 91. Zeus Labrandeios.

On coins of Maussolus 156.

Pixodaros 157. Zeus Salaminius.

Coin image of Cyprus silver coins

Yespasians 337. Zeus Nikephoros.

On coins y. Antioch 310.

Zeus and Hera. Heads on one

Coin V. Perinth 96. Zeucis, Yorsteher of the Asclepiades

school between Laodicea and Kam-

ra, named on a coin of

Laodicea with the Asclepiossiab

122. Billy goat. On coins from Perinth

97. Ziemomysl v. Kigavia 55.

26*

Draek Ton W. Pormeiier, Berlin.

NEGOTIATIONS

D£B

NUMISMATIC SOCIETY

BERLIN.

1886.

Sitzang Tom January 4th.

Mr. Menadier discussed three Thuringian accessory bractates of the Eaufung find, which dates back to the beginning of the thirteenth century a hundred belong and partly in the cheeks of the rider, partly under which horses show the image of a fish. Under rejection The opinion is that this fish is just an arbitrary addition that of the stamp cutter and meaningless year mark or just taking into account the minter's preference for fishing was chosen, it rather took on a specific claimed special significance for the fish and pointed it out indicates that the coat of arms of the city of Saalfeld, which is represented by a ancient spiritual and secular mint is excellent, in consists of two fish. These fish form the imprint of the municipal coins and are also a symbol of the mint on the bracteates stamped by the abbots in the image of Abbot added. The one on an imperial beiter bracteate The fish placed under the horse also refers to it as emerging from the imperial mint in Saalfeld, and so are the bracteates with the riding count and to claim the fish as Saalfeld coinage namely as those of the Orafen of Schwarzburg, to whom the Imperial coin was transferred in 1229.

p. 369 · zoom original

Mr. Brakenhausen presented two models that he modeled Cast medals in front of A. Kux and Fr. Schiller, née. Becker.

Mr. y. Heyden discussed a collection of rare Thaler and other shapes from the end of the 15th and the beginning of the 16th century. Century and presented the following rare pieces: Quarter thaler

— 4 -

without the name of the questioner, with Mary and the coat of arms by Cleve and Mark, perhaps by Johann IL von der Mark, 1481—1521, Thaler from Johann III. by Cleve from 1513, half Thaler from Heinrich and Albrecht of Mecklenburg, Thaler from Ulrich von Württemberg from 1537 with the bust of Princes in armor, and a quarter thaler from Christoph von Bathing.

Mr. Laverrenz spoke about an anniversary medal University of Giessen from 1707, coined by Ernst Ludwig of Hesse, with Masonic emblems and metric inscriptions writing.

Mr. von Sallet spoke about two previously unknown people Greek coins: one at least in Abdera in Thrace minted a small silver coin without the city name, but with the Name of a historically unknown dynast, and a mace- Donic didrachm with the character of the Letaeans and Orrhes kier, a centaur who takes a kidnapped girl into the holding poor. The inscription on this coin shows the name of one at least to be searched for in the vicinity of Lete Macedonian city or that of a dynast “Diony . . **. — Further laid Mr. v. Sallet the newly published book: Albrecht von Wallen- stone and its coins, by Adolf Meyer. This valuable After a historical introduction, this document deals with this Coat of arms of the Duke, the rich archival material its coin history and finally the coins themselves, which are in a very careful directory containing 340 numbers be described. A beautiful and valuable addition five good photoplates of the coins, one plate with five coats of arms and a collotype of Wallenstein's portrait, engraved after van Dyck by Pieter de Jode. The speaker On this occasion, Wallenstein's coat of arms was shown in one present a good original seal that corresponds to the Friedland Eagle with Wallenstein's breastplate, four lions, Above it is the ducal hat and the inscription “Albrecht Hertzog zu Friedland" shows. The seal is a strange one Wallenstein with “Your dear, willing A. H. for F.^ own- Hand-signed letters printed in which the Duke in quite detailed description of his victory over Ernst von

p. 370 · zoom original

- 5 -

Mansfeld at the Dessau Bridge on April 25, 1626 spiritual prince reports.

Mr. Dannenberg testified, following a recent case meeting took place discussion about the reason for the creation of the Bracteates, which were first recorded by Grote (Münzstudien II, p. 494) The theory that they become thinner through production smaller coin and therefore easier to cut out with scissors platelets (planlets) were caused by an application number pattern from the Halberstadt coin series. You can see from the fact that Bishop Reinhard used traditional denarii Size (approx. 19 million) begins, but the same over the course of its 17 years of rule (1106-23) allows the population to grow to 26 million, that his second successor Rudolf - from the one between the two standing Otto there are no coins - these big thin ones Semi-bractates are retained, just as they were initially Ulrich, who after him held the episcopal see from 1149-60, but then, since these semi-bractates at the extraordinary Thinness of the planchet no reasonably recognizable images and Inscriptions provided more, switched to pure bracteates. This transition may have already taken place under Bishop Rudolf carried out, if otherwise, its bracteate brought by Leukfeld really one, and not, as the illustration suggests, is only a half-bracteate with a completely indistinct back, d. h. in a state of expression as is the rule forms

Meeting of February 1st.

Mr. von Prollius presented a number of bracteates a recent one between Rostock and the Mecklenburg-Prussian Coin treasures found at the border were taken. The more A number of these were Mecklenburg bullhead bractates Type as provided by the Bünstorf find; but besides that There was also a bracteate with Thunn and flag, an old one Stralsund flag bracteate and specifically a bracteate with a deer head, probably the dynast von Gristow from the house of the Dukes of Rügen is placed.

p. 371 · zoom original

Mr. Menadier spoke about the Göttingen DS financial system in the Middle Ages. According to his comments, the first belongs nrkundlithe mention of Göttingen coins (denarii Gottingenses) the year 1299 and therefore falls into the time of the duke Albrecht the Fat, under whom the Göttingen region was first conquered an independent area and the city of Göttingen became one ducal residence was raised, and thus the prerequisite demands for the establishment of a mint. Un- At the same time, denarii are used in the Göttingen documents graves (these are double-sided denarii) and denarii leves (these are one-sided embossed bracteates) mentioned, but the The former appear to be in the entire area south of the Stifthildes to have predominated in native lands and to be excluded the Lower Saxony bracteates with the Thuringian ge- shape to have met. The one in Eimbeck is well known minted denarius Henry the Wonderful with the brown silent helmets and leopards. Similar to this The royal coin collection preserves a denarius of Albrecht on the main page the hip portrait of the Duke with flowers and Helmet within the inscription: ALB(ERTVS) DVX and on the The reverse side shows a lion's head under an archway with three Towers and the transcription: (GOTTI)NGEN . . shows in closer Based on the Wolfhagen denarius of Landgrave Heinrich of Hesse, whose wolf's head is replaced by the lion's head. The lion's head in front view is suitable among the ducal ones Seals almost exclusively those of the Grubenhager line, ans who gave him Heinrich and Ernst von Einbeck and Ernst and Otto U. lead from Göttingen; it also forms the seal of the von Hein- rich in the strange, privileged guild of the tailors and Lakenmacher in Braunschweig; We can therefore also probably the mark of the Gandesheim find with the two of them Stamping the lion head in front view and the G in front view draw on these and use them for Göttingen. However, it no longer belongs to the ducal family but already does the city's character, because Herzog pledged it as early as 1351 Ernst the city's coin for 200 marks. Silver, which he himself in 1357 at 314 m. and his son Otto der Quade in 1882 increased to 514 m. That which is reserved for the dukes

p. 372 · zoom original

- 1^

Law of supervision, which in 1382 resolved the dispute between Duke and city, was last exercised in 1451, in- Duke Otto III set the value of the sextuplets to seven to increase pennies allowed. Up to this point it went the Göttingen coinage follows its own path, which is particularly different in the admission and counter-factual already attested for 1392 Stamping of the Bohemian, Thuringian and Hessian Groschen and the one with the years 1429 and 1430 (hardly as early as 1360) the development of the Körtlinge known sextuplets (halfpenny) finds its expression. From then on, however, the city became closer to the coin Connection with the cities actually in Lower Saxony to which they reached an agreement as early as 1382 regarding the marks. future, and now repeated in 1465, 1469, 1501 the salary of your own Körtlingen and Hohlpfennige (half the Brandenschweig) and the foreign coins were valued. virta We also owe the contracts of the last-mentioned year the Göttingen Mariengroschen have their origin, at least with the piece from the royal The collection still belongs to the medieval style, Incidentally, the first fruits of Göttingen's modern coins are.

Mr. Brakenhausen placed a bronze model that he had modeled medal for the marriage of his daughter to Mr. C. Gerlach in Memel.

Mr. Weil started reprinting some of the poems the Kipper and Wipper at the beginning of the Thirty Years' War attentive.

Mr. von Jacobs recommended the recently published English one Novella ^The Golden Wulfric^, which strange fates a rare English gold coin.

p. 373 · zoom original

Meeting of March 1st.

Mr. Dannenberg dedicated the Imperial Russian State Councilor Baron von Köhne wrote an obituary on February 4th in Wttrzburg, where he sought recovery from his suffering, died. On July 4, 1817 in Berlin as the son of Qeheimen Archivrat Köhne was born, to whom he aroused interest

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for coins, seals and heraldry, He published his valuables at the age of 20 Treatise on the coinage of the city of Berlin In 1843 the numismatic society and in 1841 called the “Zeit- writing for coins, seals and heraldry'' into life, by which appeared in six volumes, and according to his Called as a college assessor to Petersburg a continuation under the title: M6moires de la soci^t^ d^arch^ologie et de numismatique de St. P^tersbourg**, which existed in the years 1847-1852 also brought to 6 volumes. Are from those Volumes especially the letters about Brandenburg coinage to be highlighted are the reports on the finds German coins are particularly valuable in Russia. Your title accordingly, the last vintages also contain numerous archaeological treatises, especially those with many images well-equipped discussion of the collection of antique pictures works of Mr. de Montferrand. As a fruit of his destined increased preoccupation with Greco-Roman antiquity thum then published the ,) description du mus6e in 1857 The fire of Prince Basile Kotschoubey d'aprös son catalogue manuscript and research on history and numismatique Greek colonies in Russia are located in the royaumes du Pont et du Bospore cimmörien'^ in two strong folio volumes. Soon The magazine then received a new continuation in the in “Magazine for coins, seals and coats of arms” printed in quart format pen customer. New episode. Berlin 1859 - 1862% of the however only one volume was published, and subsequently in the “Ber- liner pages for coin, seal and heraldry ^, which up to was published in six volumes in 1871 are. Through the death of like-minded friends in Petersburg lonely, the deceased has since turned away from literary rical activity and numismatic research always mehi* averted, only isolated treatises in the “revue beige de Numismatique^ appear. Special support Brandenburg coinage learned about it through him, and Above all, he loves the Berlin Numismatic Society Indebted to him, whose founding came only from him The company rose to honor the deceased.

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Mr. Laverrenz put some bronze coins of Nero and of Agrippina, one of which has an old collection stamp, apparently bore that of the Estensian collection.

Mr van Vleuten, Member of the State Parliament, presented two notable worthy fake bronze coins found in the Rhineland of Nero and Crispina, whose core consists of iron and is covered with a thin bronze, then several Victo denarii distinguished by excellent preservation rinus, Tetricus and Postumus also found in the Rhenish region and some of the coin castings found at Trier and Fayum shapes.

Mr. Menadier discussed on the occasion of Dr. Wolfstieg published a paper on the history of the recording Goslars the coins of the bailiffs in Ooslar and stated, that the bracteates used as such Some are forgeries and, insofar as they are genuine, of different origins. First of all, prohibit the appearance of a female head, probably that of the abbess, on some Arnstadt coins this series as a Goslar character, and perhaps it is to move more to Barby. The Falkensteiner falcon As such, bracteates are secured beyond all doubt the inscription that appears once: “herodius denarius**, like that also represented transcription: ^ciefitas Bonie" Goslar as embossed place and leads to the fact that the Falkensteiner as The holder of the county of Billingshoch was granted the right to mint have practiced. The alleged half-bractates of the Anno von Heim- borg have long since arrived in Rhine Hesse and Rhine Bavaria. proven obedient. The one on Margrave Otto IL as Reichsvogt Goslar-sourced bracteate then neither allows this relationship in terms of place nor time. The same way Coins related to Margrave Otto I all go to sea. countries whose forgeries are used for scientific purposes be universally known. The one because of the inscription "B. E. E. A."" The bracteate enclosed with Duke Bernhard as Goslar Vogt was white of eastern origin. Among the coins Albrecht the Bären is also not someone who claims to have an origin in Goslar. take courage. Likewise, the Freckleber bracteate with eagle and Lion too old to have come from Count Palatine Heinrich

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— lo- sem. Finally it's about Henry the Lion Goslar Beichsvogt enclosed bracteates with the falcon Above the lion there is neither a white nor a Goslar, but rather a Falkenstein character; because neither is everyone Lion the white one, nor even the eagle owns the gods lar coins before the middle of the 15th century. So neither for the Imperial Bailiwick of the Weifen and Anhaltiner, nor for the Sub bailiwick of the Amstedter and Falkensteiner in Goslar during of the 12th century, the existing coins somehow deliver a receipt. Perhaps the symbols of the lion, a helmet similar to the Braunschweig one and the A on Gos- lar bracteates of the skull liver find from the time of Albrecht of the great with this somehow connect. The The only one that is certainly certified as a Goslar Vogtei coin is against it which, strangely enough, was disregarded by Wolfstieg, the time Hein- rich'sIV. belonging denarius with the inscriptions: “Theodoricas Ad.'' and “Goslarium^, whose inherent evidentiary by virtue of the fact that he stands alone. Maybe be that on some other Goslar denarii next to this A appearing on the imperial heads is somehow connected with the bailiff to bring dung and allow the one-sided copper coin with the Transcription: ^Benno me fecit^, which refers to the people of Goslar and Dortmund Denarii is very similar, a relationship to the 1076 to Bishop of Osnabrück chose Benno, provost of St. Simon and Judas and Vicedominus in Goslar.

The speaker also spoke to him occasionally The assumption made in this study is that the many Discussed denarii with the inscriptions: “Jelithis pening^ and “Hirsteidte biscop** (Dbg. No. 1220-1223) to Gittelde be wise. There are not only at the beginning of the thirties War tipper coins from the Duke of Braunschweig- Lüneburg was coined, which, as already discussed several times, a conclusion to a medieval coinage there place, but the place is documented for the Ottonian imperial period. lich attested as a mint. On December 12, 965, lich Emperor Otto I through the mediation of his wife Adelheid the establishment of a public mint in the village of Getlide in the County of Lisgo approved and the income of this mint

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Donated to the Church of St. Moritz in Magdeburg, just like he did with the market tariff and all its income and taxes I gave it right there, and on June 4, 973 Otto II, who was given to the Magdeburg church by his father, borrowed privileges and including market justice in Getlide and the coin confirmed along with customs and ban (v. Mülverstedt, regesta archiepiscopatus Magdeburgensis. 1. 181. 271). The entire appearance of the denarii, which Dannen- Berg and Orote moved them to the neighborhood of Gorvey to assign how the image of the clergyman in one way the same and the transcriptions of both sides would be found in this way their right. Be the use of the German language for coins inscriptions in the 10th and 11th centuries. not yet yet shown, it cannot be determined to be absolutely impossible. draw, and it also makes sense, the way with the church Based on the Otto Adelheid coins, the priority over the to speak to another kind with the image of the clergyman and then to deny the reference to the image in the inscription, unless Nor is the opposite preferable. Testified in writing Of course there are gittelder coins of the Magdeburg archbishops Also not known, but it is highly likely that a bracteate in the royal coin cabinet Archbishop Wichmann, who stands out from all the others distinguish and the well-known bracteates of Abbot Wicelin von Nordheim in the figure of the seated clergyman, the filler development of the field with stars, the shape of the transcription letters appear to be closely related, in Gittelde, to Nordheim initially located mint, was minted.

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Meeting on April 5th.

Mr. v. Sali et talked about some of the mu- seums. The first is that discovered by Paul Lambros, only in two Didrachmon found from different specimens the city of Azos on Crete, with a peculiar digamma, which led to the erroneous distribution to a Cretan city of Naxos. gave reason. The second acquisition is a small silver coin of a completely unknown dynast from Asia Minor C0A06TT0Y with the head of Zeus and Nike, around the second century BC. Chr-

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Furthermore, the speaker presented a test print of a beautiful copper panel by Carl Leonh. Becker presents some excellent ones Museum presents newly acquired monuments of the German Renaissance presents: a stone model of the medal of Nuremberg Hans Puchner (1537), a stone model with the image of Hans Kleberger, Pirk- Beymer's son-in-law, the Viennese oil painting Albrecht Dürer in the conception of the head completely similar, and some raised cut stones with the portraits of Charles V and his wife Isabella of Portugal, Duke Albrecht of Prussia and his Wife Anna Maria of Braunschweig and the very beautiful one from the bust of Cardinal Albrecht of Brandenburg, Archbishop of Mainz, similar to the medal from 1537.

Mr. Menadier spoke about the Magde Mint Burgher archbishops of Halle. The name of the same is so far only on a bracteate with the image of St. Maurice read and because of this one has often collected them Moritzpfennige claimed as Halle in return Set to the coins with the image of the archbishop that one directed to Magdeburg. In contrast, a Brak to add particular value to the royal coin collection which has the bust of the archbishop above a building with book of Gospels and palm tree, the two clergyman's crook and cross staff are enough, and the address: WICMANNTJS . ARCHIEPISCOPUS. HALESIS. DENARI . . carries. The same witness that in Halle there were also coins with the image of the archbishop as with that of the saint, as in general Explanation of the juxtaposition of these two series of coins by the The majority of mints are very questionable and due to an which is to be replaced, which has to do with the nature of the things they have in common. seeds of coinage. By the way, remember the depiction The structure of this bracteate is very similar to that of the slightly larger man with the standing archbishop, that of two kneeling ones The clergyman's crosier and cross staff are handed out and lie down It is close to being minted in both occasional coins to the enthronement of the archbishop.

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The speaker then presented the first issue of the German cultural history published by German publishers people of Henne am Rhyn and criticized the carelessness,

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which is reflected in the selection of coin images provided there declare. Citing Friedlaender, a coin will be dem Yandal prince Genserich, from Friedlaender I have proven in a long explanation that they are far younger be. Instead of going to Gariel's for the Carolingian coins To keep track of the work, one has to look at the writings of Götz and Kappe given preference and made a fake out of them as a common economic coin of Louis the Pious and Lothair the First pictured. Dannenberg's writings also have the latter fundamental work on the German coins of Saxony and the Franconian Empire were allowed to resign as a result the selection made for this period is particularly inappropriate was moderate and also the denarius with the dubious, from Kappe related to the sacred Keinwald of Dortmund Transcription, recording found. Regarding the bracteate King Konrad IIL with the inscription: CVNRADVS LAMPER- TVS should be noted that the origin admitted as possible in Helmstedt it is an absurdity, rather it is due to its relationship with the Erfurt coins in the immediate aftermath The ability of Erfurt is referred to and that in the transcription The mint named next to the king in the Thuringian Documents from the same Count Lamprecht von, who appeared many times be equal. Finally is the coin shown last Frederick II's not a silver denarius, but a gold coin, Called Attgustalis, the lower Italian kingdom belonging to the same, so that they are part of a German culture story is completely out of place^).

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1) In the other animal deliveries, images are repeated incorrectly MQnzen wasn't, but the way they were avoided was I can't find a general conclusion: there are only five coins in them depicted, and not even particularly characteristic ones. That's what it is for There is still some consideration given to the money and coinage system in the text poorer than its representation in the illustrations: because only animal paragraphs tou Few lines are dedicated to him, and they contain just as much Error. About the development of money returns and the mint system, under under certain circumstances one of the most serious parts of material culture of a people, offers the German cultural history of Mr. Henne Rhyn no instruction at all. M.

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Mr. v. Jacobs spoke about the peculiar payment methods medium in Angra Pequena: cake-like compressed Tobacco, which completely replaces coins, so that for slaughter cattle e.g. B. a certain number of such Cake is demanded and paid as the purchase price.

Mr. v. Winterfeld laid out a series of excellently preserved ones Roman copper coins from his collection, which all include borrowed from Rome. Through beauty of style and the A large bronze by Nero is particularly notable for its preservation with the Decursio and a middle bronze with the heads of Hadrian and Sabina.

Mr. Dressel presented a number of red stones found in the Tiber premixer denarii atts of the Republic and Augustus, which in are pronounced lead and are therefore considered to be antique forgeries. the must: their execution is perfect and different differs in no way from that of real pieces. Not as On the other hand, certain forgeries can be viewed as Roman ones Copper coins have identical lead strikes, as this is due to their Heavy and not to be fooled by the color of the metal would have been able to. Among several specimens found in Rome plaren shows one with the portrait of the younger Faustina Reverse side not fitting an Empress's coin (standing- the Hercules it seems, with the transcription , . . . IMP : : COS. .); It is possible that these lead inks were test pieces pieces of the die cutter. Finally, the presenter wearing a bronze medal, which on one side The three-figure Hecate entwined by a snake between one altar and a torch, on the other one Bearded man standing on the rock to the right, who is in the half holding an indistinct object with his right hand raised in front of him there is a wide vessel on the ground; a harp in the field. To explain the technology of this probably with one of the various religious sects of the 3rd and 4th centuries AD. related devotional medal - sublime Working with in-depth details - an as yet unedited con- torniat of the Eommodus and the Krispina shown, which especially since on the back the same connection between raised and deepened.

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SitzQDg TOm 3rd shark.

Mr van Yleuten, member of the state parliament, discussed a very nice silver medallion Gordian's III. from his collection, with the statue of the emperor decorated with the Aegis and the three Monetae on the back. This previously unknown Known piece is from the speaker in the magazine for numismatics matics have been discussed in detail. Furthermore, Mr. v. Y about the gradual transition of the wreath into the diadem on the coins of Constantine the Great and placed one of them A series of coins illustrating the transition.

Mr. Laverrenz placed some denarii of Emperor Otho and several bronze forgeries of that emperor's coins in front of which, as is well known, city Roman copper coinage do not exist.

Mr. von Frollius paid a large Pomeranian tribute and Mecklenburg bracteates, to which Mr. Dannen- Burg gave further explanations.

Mr. v. Sallet discussed a new acquisition by the museum: an artistically perfect bronze medallion of M. Aurel, still under the reign of his adoptive father Antoninus Pius, immediately minted by the city of Rome before the year 900. The back This side of this medallion is an addition to the beautiful series the presentation relating to the prehistory and founding of Rome positions on medallions, by Antoninus Pius because of the in his Reign coincides with the nine hundredth anniversary of the City chosen. We see the emperor on the new medallion Antoninus, offering a sacrifice in front of a temple, temple servants bring in Pig, the sacrificial animal, comes. Behind the emperor stands, with Phrygian cap and pedum, little Ascanius. The Emperor is therefore intended here as Aeneas - which is why his name easy reason: Pius Aeneas will be with the emperor Pius was probably often compared by court poets of the time. be the one. Like another medallion, the landing of Aeneas and Ascanius and the finding of the sow with her thirty Piglets describes exactly according to Yirgil's words:

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ecce äutem subitum atque oculis mirabile monstrum

Candida per silvam cum fetu concolor albo

procubuit, viridique in litore conspicitur sus,

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so our medallion also corresponds exactly to the seals respond to the following scene, the sacrifice of the sow Aeneas:

quam pius Aeneas tibi enim tibi maxima Juno mactat sacra ferens et cum grege sistit ad aram. Mr. Menadier reported with a number of plaster and varnish impressions from a few months ago from the coin cabinet of the Royal Museums Collection of Sie- gel stamping. Including 700 cut seals stones includes the same 2000 and some pieces, of which about 500 stamps from the mid-17th century period, the remaining 800 are younger. The latter as long as they belong to authorities and corporations, by far the largest part from the Rhineland and hold many an interesting piece, including five stamps University of Duisburg, the seal of the united Coblentzers Peruquier, the Trexeler Chreiner Zimmerl. Wagener Guild in Trier, the lay judge of Bonn and about a dozen stamps imperial notaries, while the seals of private individuals, especially in the series of three-sided Berloques sterling iron stamps, many delicate works of art. same- The value of the collection is probably based almost exclusively on the stamps of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance period. Than that Historically strangest is in the first place among these The silver stamp of the Pomeranian prince stands out Mistwin from the beginning of the 13th century, which image and the name of the same. Probably as talking- of the coat of arms is on the triangular stamp of Henneke Turns the warrior with his conspicuous weaponry grasp. The helmet seal of John also comes from these de Bardeleve from the old Vossberg collection. Like that the latter is also the helmet seal of Count Christian von Olden- burg is a good representative of this genus. To the ivory work with representations from the love life of the knightly era A stamp depicting the wreath of a kneeling rite reminds us of ters represented by a virgin, and in its inscription “sigillum secreti G'' contains a sensible play on words. Preferably

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“My artistic achievements date back to the year 1300.” stamp of the city of Halberstadt with the image of Saint Stephen and the cathedral chapter of Worms with the Image of Peter. These are the almond-shaped pistils Aldermen of Halle with the image of St. Waldetrud, des Monastery of St. Clare in Ghent, the Werden Abbey round the cathedral chapter in Wiedenbrück and the Severusstift in Erfurt and especially the large brass stamp of the cathedral Chapter at Trier with the bust of Peter, which has an inscription on the back according to which the old stamps stolen in 1449 and the present one made been. Of spiritual dignitaries are through special beautiful stamps representing Stephan H., Bishop of Lebus (1317—1345) and Johann Barber, abbot of St. Peter's Monastery in Verdun, whose seal is an excellent representation of the Pieta shows. Clean cut carries the delicate images of two female saints the official seal of Heisesheim. The silver stamp of the city of Brandenburg is also elegant with the eagle shield over the city gate. Particularly rich is a silver stamp from the University of Erfurt, on which a lecturing professor and four students standing in front of him are placed and the three university stamps are strange. sity Wittenberg with the bust of Frederick the Wise, which are probably far apart from each other both in terms of time and artistry. A silver stamp shows great artistic power Klosters Benedictbeuren and good work are the hallmarks Jacob Burck, who belongs to the well-known Swiss family hard from 1569, by Willem von Vlatten from Kölln, by Christoph Ealer from 1640 and Joh. Albrecht Pimmel from 1657. Be The “sigillum” finally has a special interest in Berlin capituli nove ecclesie coUegate exempte sancto. Marie Magda Lenae et Erasmi ad sanctam crucem eis Sprevam*', born in 1469 founded and redesigned in 1538 and with the Dominican monastery church of the united KoUegiatstift on the castle, des Domes. Among the approximately 150 Italian stamps is the most excellent of the city of Todi with the image of a large eagle, under whose outstretched wings two identical like little eagles are arranged, and which is shown as a hexameter

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composed inscription: “noscite vos certi Signum generale Tuderti''. Of the stamps of spiritual dignitaries are those of the bishop Paganus of Volterra, the Pagauelli episcopi Lucani and the Abbot Martin de Rolineria stands out, while among the Stamps from private individuals apply to the Berengar de Valencia through the delicate depiction of the dove with the olive branch and in the interesting series of judges' stamps, Notaries and legal scholars of the Francisci Tegrimi de Pisa legum dottoris, who honored the Grenenten on the cathedral who depicts sitting and teaching. The series of French sian stamp is very small in number, but by two remarkable pieces, namely the seal of the Rhone Bridge in Lyon, on which the bridge is transported with a pack donkey is brought into view, and in particular the “sigillum maioris et iuratorium communie de Fi mes ''f in northeastern France richly situated city, with the exquisite figures of three of armed men. Spaniards, Greeks, Scandinavians, Russians and Poles are only represented with a few pieces; Of them all, only the “sigillum con- ventus plocensis dominici^, which has the inscription on the edge bears: "a. d. 1593 F. Anton Premisl f. f." d. h. fieri fecit.

The speaker also placed a print of the Brak teaton, at which Archbishop Wichmann of Magdeburg and Saint Maurice in veneration before the Mother of God are shown kneeling. The idea as such requires already receives special attention, but its importance is still growing increased by the fact that its author was Archbishop Wichmann be. Because in contrast to its predecessors, which were developed by Norber- Inspired by the spirit of Premontraten and Madonna nencultus have given special care, Wichmann is perhaps He was more of an imperial prince and a practical statesman than a spiritual shepherd and religious enthusiast. The coin design is therefore just has no bearing on the mint owner's personal state of mind - how the assumption is possible that only the The stamp cutter's whim prevailed, but he had to go with him be associated with a special event. But the archbishop's greatest service is to the Virgin Mary. Servants and he was in particularly close contact

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kicked them when he was colonizing the Zauche in the year The Zinna monastery was founded in 1170 and in 1174 St. Mary's Church in front of Jüterbogk was inaugurated. The latter is treated as a major main and state action and in front of one carried out by a large circle of princely people and was well suited been, by issuing a commemorative coin like the present one ende to be glorified. Only such a declaration will also does justice to the artistic value of the coin, which is one of the pre- finest achievements of medieval die cutting and The art of embossing has to be considered.

In third place, the speaker placed it in the course of it Document received this month from the Osnabrück Archivrat Mr. Yeltmann said: “Finds of Roman coins in the free Germania and the location of the Varus battle*'. This is the third polemic of this hero Local research in North Westphalia against Mommsen's theory plot about this subject, which still doesn't understand it can wind that he gets a bigger one through the utilization the coin finds that were so close to him, the cream of who drew milk. As far as the writing relates to the coins Find out about Barenau and where it was found as the setting for the Variant defeat is concerned, although it is essentially are just a repetition of the previous two explanations. testimonies of the archival council pen, but in the rigid fixed hold on to the follies once spoken, the confused ones A mess of the greatest contradictions that are not present in this in a flow, but rather accumulate work produced intermittently, the blind and uncritical picking up of things lying aside and the hateful and malicious insinuations made against opponents are made, the peculiarity of the personality occurs like that The author's scientific nature is much more evident, than before. The author denies that von Mommsen is responsible for the majority number of coins still present in Barenau is assumed my identity with those 130 years ago through the high school Director Göze mentioned, and yet he explains in contrast to the old Osnabrück historians, who from themselves constantly repeating findings speak, the republican

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and Augustan money as coming from a unique find.

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Mr. Veltmann looks for the two of them through a gap to dispose of money masses that have been separated for a century and a half. tires and nevertheless presents Lengerich's find with his Antonine silver coins and Constantinian gold coins as an explanatory parallel, and these two found components he gives in contrast to that given by Mommsen in the story The explanation based on Roman coinage for two different points in time, 150 years apart. borrowed treasures. Again the archivist clears one that the coins listed by the Lord of Bar are not must be discovered in one or a few places at once, but that they gradually spread over a large area may have appeared scattered, as reported if one only accepts the explanation of the finds as graves wants to agree with findings ; The grave silver theory, on the other hand, will not recognized, he vindicates his contribution as a unique find. brought reasons their full value: as if one could explain Eliminate hypotheses and theories found facts and could create new. Yes, the author even discusses that Possibility that the coins in question are the legacy of a Roman army; the one in distress here According to him, the army could only have been that of Germanicus, It must not have been the Yarian legions. And If Mommsen still made the right decision, so be it according to Mr. Veltmann not the result of a sifting criticism or a divinatory view, but chance It is popular to use one of the many conjectures with the lucky number to emerge from the raffle. — But that one Mr Archivrath by no means sticks to the finds in the princely stick thume Osnabrück ; he tries to prove through deeds that it is also possible for a representative of local research to encompass the big whole and then the individual judge. He does nothing less than Mommsens Statement to disgrace the gold discoveries in the Yenner Moore is a numismatically unique fact - matter, and he quickly finishes giving them the coins. dungs in the Hörnes Forest and at Stapelage in the Lipper Lande and those in Upper Silesia near Bieskau and German-New

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kirch as very striking analogies. That the zealous fighter of Mommsen's hypothesis Wasserbach (de statura illnstri Hanninii, liberatoris Germaniae, commonly known as Hiermensul. . Lemgoviae. 1698) ^on the then Theaters of war^ (i.e. in the Hörne Forest) “found Coin of Qu. Yarus** in any case worth as much as that anywhere found Yarusmttnze from the African city of Achulla, whose Illustration of the title page of Mommsen's treatise adorned, is by no means surprising. On the contrary appears It's strange that the one from Wasserbach was given to him next to this one. formed the cap of Harminius Gheruscorum dux with the untwo> extremely faithful images of the same are not still above the Yarus coin stands. If he had concerns about whether... Maybe the bailiff isn't making a bad joke allowed his all too simple readers? Close The old author put it enough, the one in the illustration just briefly added the remark “in pede montis Harminii effossus et principi Waldeccensi oblatus*', but the same with her Repetition in the text with the meaningful additions equips: “an yerus sive falsus tu ipse lector ludicabis**. If Then only the doubts led him to full knowledge and He also opened his eyes to the other Wasserbach coins he found compared to sharpened! Because first of all on the Varus Wasserbach's coin does not have the inscription: “Quintilius Varus and Agrippa," as Mr. Yeltmann reports, but: "F. Quintil. Var. 11 vir^ to read, as evidence shows; but then There isn't even a coin with either of them Inscriptions, and Wasserbach doesn't have his coin on it Winfelde found, but in Vaillant's three years before his Works published in Paris (numismata aerea impe- rator . . tom. I. Parisiis. 1695). Like the reading: “F. QuincUi. Yari. Aggrippa^ of Love (Gotha numaria. Amsterd. 1730) all mentions of the second reading Yaillant back (Morelli. Ekhel); but both lie, as shown reits Müller (numismatique de Tancienne Afriqne TL, 43) after- has shown poorly preserved and incorrectly supplemented copies based on the same coin, namely the extremely rare, only in the collections in Paris, London, Copenhagen and

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Gotha represented Mfinze of the city of Achulla, the Mommsen the excellent Parisian example. The Officials of the Royal Mint Cabinet would be happy for the collection entrusted to them is similar to Yaillant's to win a rubbed copy of the Achulla coin, but Even if they had one, they would always be away from it y eltmann' see keep delusion free, the rubbed piece to be valued equal to the well-preserved one, and the third of Wasserbach pictured and highlighted by Mr. Yeltmann. raised coin! On one side it shows the head of the Augustus within the inscription: AVGVSTVS • BVTHR and on on the other side a legion eagle between two military characters within the transcription: COL • GEM • LEGVI • ACCI and turns out to be a hermaphrodite, one side of which is one Stamp of the city of Bnthrotum in Epirus and its others mention the city of Acci in Spain as the place of mint: one absolutely impossible numismatic monstrosity does not gain the slightest credibility from the fact that Wasserbach assures us that the coin is in the fields on the lip excavated, but completely finds its explanation, If you pick up Vaillant's work, that's fine once proved to be Wasserbach's treasure trove, and true- takes that in it the coin of Bnthrotum and the are published by Acci in immediate succession, but only one side of each has been shown. Even allowing oneself to be duped by such a clumsy deception Mr. Veitmann's knowledge is limited enough. And but if he had otherwise fulfilled the duties of antiquity, he would have If the researcher takes it seriously at all, the fact alone is suspicious should make that only in the second edition of the water bach' see treatise this “nummi olim efFossi^ known will give while they are strangers to the first. The water Bach's statements must therefore be rejected entirely. same- The Lippe coin finds are probably not over with this, because Even before Wasserbach, things like this were done by Hamelmann, Piderit, F. v. Fürstenberg and Schaten mentioned. It exists However, there is a big difference between these Lippe and the Osnabrück scholars: while the latter

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as eyewitnesses report the coins found in Barenau, the language of those who teach them that the coins in question are zens and finds were not available, with the exception of Hamel- man who wrote it twenty-six years before it was written. want to see. Grupen also reports in the origines 6 series maniae (Lemgo. 1764) expressly: “But what about the coins long, they have been found in several places in this country. found and the scholars have already found the one among such the fraud that has taken place.^ Truly a serious one Testimony that the archivist should not have overlooked. The coin collection of the court preacher Althof, auctioned in 1796 in Detmold and that of the residential palace in Detmold as mostly consisting of local found coins, what Mr. Yeltmann (p. 85) does, not only is there no reason, but it even turns out to be completely unadvisable; because there Both collections contain notes, and through these, are no matter how little it is proven, that you pay attention to the If you have given the same information, you can go beyond this information Don't think about coins from local sources. Like the writing The collections also testify against the Lord Archivrath: despite the numerous researchers and despite the collection lungs is only for an extremely small number of Roman coins a Lippe discovery site can be proven. These are from the Lord Chief Justice Preuss in the Lippe regional newspaper (1885. No. 214. 286) and, if they still exist, sent to me in prints by Mr. Kenter in Honi: from There are only three of them from the time of the Republic, one of each the gens Maenia (Berlebeck), Pompeia (Hörn) and Terentia (Pivitsheide), and Augustus only two, one golden (Hillentrup) and a copper one (Hom): these five coins (the information Schmidt's also contradicts Preuss) form the important structure counterpart that Mr. Yeltmann countered the 194 Barenau coins leads over into the field. - The gentleman isn't any happier The author deals with the Upper Silesian Mttnz finds. The- The same are not only through Linge, on whom Mr. Veitmann relies next to the directory of the Ratibor high school collection alone seems to be supporting, but also a few years ago compiled by Drescher, so that the gentleman archive

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rath far from the merit, first on hidden and to have drawn attention to what remained unknown, with his Information actually lags behind what is already known. Although these are large and extensive finds, only with a correct assessment of the circumstances is it possible They don't even have a single point of comparison with the bare-bones. more precise finds. Is it a daring undertaking in itself? Coin finds in the Osnabrück region are not due to Westphalian, but to be explained by Silesian finds, the results of which curing material is to be found in Bohemia and Moravia, so scoffs it is almost common sense that this ver- search is undertaken, despite the Barenau finds Augustan, the Upper Silesian, on the other hand, see the Severan or even belong to the Constantinian period. In the Mader collection lung, mostly from coins found from Bieskau and the surrounding area passed, there is no republican and only one determined damaged denarius of Caesar, and also these without any special finds notes. The three republican denarii of the found The rich high school collection at Batibor is without finds. noticed and therefore not as easy as in the surrounding area found to look at, as the collection also has many Find information is provided. Would you like Mr. Veitmann? follow it, he would perhaps also learn the gon sequence foix, like him by drawing an analogy from the Ratiborer to the The Osnabrück high school collection was also available to everyone in the last to give preserved coins the quality of local sources, regardless of whether such a thing is attested or not. They age Roman emperors up to Nero are included in the finds also not represented, because the Augustan coin Mader's collection is a Paduan forgery. Nero and his successors except Domitian only have individual pieces contributed and only the denarii of Traian and Hadrian, to whom Those who join their successors come in large ranks on. So there is not only something entirely post-neonic here Money before, but mainly the Antonine's money, only with mixed in with a few older pieces. In time and place from The Bieskauer finds are far removed from the Barenau finds that regarding the recovery and discovery of other nature:

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they are found on a surrounding field while on the Barenauer Grund urns cannot be verified. Also that one Coin treasure from Blottnitz in Upper Silesia collected in 1880 arrived intact into the hands of the Lord of Sallet and from described to him, but unknown to the archivist. remains known, was found in a grave container and The oldest of his 82 coins was a denarius of Nero and the youngest, a denarius from Julia Domna. At all are for the whole of Silesia only three denarii of the Roman public in Massel and Neudorf Commende near Breslau and a gold Coin Alezander the Great as found near Hundsfeld (on the coin of Thasos found in Breslau is not a weight to lay) certainly attests Silesia is therefore for the assessment division of coin finds from the Roman Republic and the Augustan period is not taken into account at all - Further the author provides in a special section Directory of outdoor Roman coin sites Germania. A mockery of Mommsen's call to the pro- vincial scholars to contribute to such work! Because on- instead of determining the material found in Westphalia, which is necessary for the the task at hand would have been necessary initially and that Osnabrück Archivrath should have been possible before others, he limits himself to what he knew at the last hour Wiberg's book about the “influence of the classical peoples to the north through trade^ writing and also the equally well-known ones by Handelmann, Lisch, Kühne and Bahrfeldt provided compilations for Schleswig-Holstein, Mecklenburg, Pomerania and Bremen-Verden to excerpire. As a result, the information is for Prussia and Silesia only sparsely, there are only 8 finds for Brandenburg noted, while Buchholz has already compiled 74, which only five minor finds are mentioned in the province of Saxony, although it is extremely rich in Roman coins, The Saxon duchies and the province of Hesse-Nassau fall and all southern areas completely gone, and are particularly The provinces of Hanover and Westphalia with the Closed areas are inadequately treated accordingly Also missing are “the brightening flashes of light that these smaller ones

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Finds “into the darkness of the strange financial discoveries in West^ falen and Upper Silesia ^ should throw. Or should Mr. Vel^ man the evidence of finds of Roman copper coins in Germany should be considered as such? Then of course he has to get in a very deep one star. Because except This will not be news to anyone. Mommsen is already in the history of Roman coinage published in 1860 P. 815 about the copper money traded in the second Half of the third century beyond the borders of the Roman The finds of walking sheets and barsniks went well recorded and detailed, such as the absence of the younger sesterces next to the copper it can't be noticed because the embossing does Since Commodus and decidedly since Alexander has also faltered Roman copper money is not only found in the German East, but also in the province of Hanover, which belongs to the Lord However, the barrel is too far to the side. Or go to the Lord Archivrath the divine light from the grave coins that? On many pages at least and under one large one Expenses of evidence he endeavors to show that in In ancient times there was a custom of giving coins to the deceased to lay a grave, and that numerous finds like this in all countries because they are made. However, these are facts that everyone knows known and in need of no proof, but also in none in a way that proves the Barenau finds. — A possible most complete and accurate compilation of the Roman The speaker prepares coin discoveries; according to his collection lungs are on Roman coins of the Republican period, around this as particularly important for the assessment of the Barenauers To highlight finds outside the Roman Empire in the northern found in Europe: three in Ostergotland, eight in Gotland, one to Bullenwinkel near Colberg, seven to Opoki near Inowra- claw, two to Massel, one to Herwigsdorf near Löbau, two to Reudnitz near Beeskow, fifty to Niemegk in the Zauche, two in the Vogtlande, two near Gross-Ballhausen in Thuringia, five at Langensalza, several near Hedemünden on the VTerra, one each in the vineyard near Kassel, in Wühelmshausen, Weissenstein Marburg and Fulda, one each in Ossendorf and Menno near War- castle, three in Lippe, thirteen in Lathen and five in Zurich

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Bingum. Among all of these, only Niemegk's find can be considered next to the Barenauer, if you just look at the number of finds pieces respect, come into consideration; since the 50 Republicans Denarii of the same but with 24 imperial ones in an urn are found in agreement, this also falls away as a parallel. The 140 coins of the Roman Republic, which can be found in Barenau, are definitely a singularity, and the weight of the same becomes through the accompanying 54 Augustan coins and notably The gold coins among these increased even further. It will dem Mr. Archivrath is unable to come up against these figures. Mr. Dannenberg gave an overview of the bracteates the Margrave of Meissen. Time follows the same thing preceded by only a single denarius from Count Ekkard I (985 - 1001), and they begin, very early, with Henry the Younger von Eilenburg (f 1123), in uninterrupted books two For centuries by Conrad the Great, the founder of still flourishing house of Wettin, continued up to Friedrich (with the bitten cheek, f 1324), under which then the long The series of Meissner Groschen begins as property What is clear is that - unlike in neighboring Brandenburg - next to the There are no two-sided coins in bracteates. This also applies to those founded by Eonrad's younger sons Secondary lines, with the sole exception of that of his youngest House of the Count of Brena donated by his son Friedrich. In In general, these coins are not uncommon, an exception However, those secured by inscriptions make the assumption. This one Writing bracteates are up to that of the powerful and long-lasting Henry the Illustrious of rare occurrence, and especially were allowed because they were used for the chronological determination of the written lots are of the utmost importance, a compilation, as the speaker prepared them for printing. The Ge* coin arriving, which usually shows the prince sitting or standing, rarely depicted in half-length portraits and only once on horseback it is worth mentioning a series which represents the Pegau type, a cruciate cross with various symbols in the angles shows; These coins used to be in the control of the bailiwick It seems that the embosser's possession came from Pegau Abbey but probably the assumption of having more for yourself, that here only

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Städter, StoUbergern, Querfurtern, Ellrichern and others be and one, judging by the illustration, are also similar lichen bracteate in a Lüneburg valvation table from the at the beginning of the 15th century. The more constant treatment action of the new coin system, which is illustrated by illustrations coins that have not yet been made public weigh the highlighted deficiencies for history, art and coin research it's hard to stop.

The speaker then took the opportunity to interpret it of the busts with an abbreviated signature of a Silesian bracteate on Boleslaus and Anastasia to enter, which Eriedensburg recently absolutely denied. The denarii of Emperor Ludwig II and the Angilberga, the empress Adelheid and her grandson Otto III, Sophie of Brabant and her son Heinrich of Hesse were not considered counterparts, since the one as co-regent, the other as Yor- mouths appear. But numerous bracteates teach the 12th century, including the Gellenhäuser of Eleinvacher and Odenwald find, the Minzenberger, the Thuringian bracteates Friedrich's I from the Gotha finds, the well-known bracteates Henry the Lion, Albrecht the Bear, Ulrich von Wettin, a bracteate from the Rodewitz find and one from a similar factory the royal coin collection, which was previously considered Quedlinburg spoken, an Arnstedt bracteate and one in the same area Belonging bracteate with undeciphered transcription, as well as a Viennese Pfennig that such coins, which are mostly used as memorial and high time coins are to be considered, in Germany there is absolutely nothing un- were ordinary. But for the Slavic countries apart from the denarii of Vladislaw and Judith (Mader) and the Boleslaw IL and the Biagota (Reichenbach) several Bohemian mix bracteates and Heiniich Pribislaw's half-bracteate of Brandenburg and the Petrissa that the Germans also gave them custom did not remain alien.

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meeting on i. October.

Based on the recent coin collection for the Royal Archbishop Bruno's gold denarius acquired from local museums von Trier (1102-1124) introduced Mr. Menadierthe

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German gold coins together, which represent the gold guilders of the Florentine type, a denarius Hein- rich's II. (Dbg. 1385), a Mainz denarius of Heinrich's IV. (Dbg. 797 a), the Trier denan mentioned is an indeterminate one Denarius of the Lower Rhine type (in trade), a denarius Konrad's 11th of Osnabrück (1278—1296, Grote, M. St. 4. 88), a denarius of Ludwig 11th of Münster (1310—1357, Grote, M. ♦ St. 1. 193), then a golden heller from Frankfurt am Main and finally gold bracteates from the 13th century from Northern lingen, Lindau and Basel (the latter all in the Royal Coin collection) to which the English gold sterlings Ethelred's IL (978-1016), Edward the Confessor (1042-1066), and Henry rich*s III. (1216 - 1272) should be placed aside. That the same did not happen as before, only as gold strikes silver pennies with no monetary or coinage significance, but rather should be understood as real gold coins, arise on the one hand from Rhenish, Westphalian and Oslr Frisian documents from the 12th and 13th centuries (see Grote, Sheets for coin studies. IV. 30. Grote, coin studies. I. 193. IV. 88. VI. 30. Lamprecht, German economic history in the Middle Ages. II. 376. Jaeckel, the Frisian pound and the Frisian mark in v. Sallets Z. f. N. XIL s. 173. 196), which from nummis aureis worth seven or eight silver talk about it and it contains an equation which to none of the simultaneous foreign (Byzantine, Arab, Italian) or the ancient Roman one that still exists Gold coins, but only the gold denarii. Virerde, on the other hand, was also proven by the fact that Wilhelm von Gennep (1349-1362), who coined the archbishopric royal gold guilders based on the Florentine pattern, the same not only as full pieces, but also as half pieces I had quarter pieces minted, a process that has no bearing on any foreign analogy can be traced back and only in that Presence of the quarter florenes approximately equivalent Gold denarii find an explanation. Until the middle of the 14th year However, in the 1900s the gold coinage in Germany was one very minor things to look at, and the noble ones are the ones oldest gold coins, which have a decisive influence

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fiuss on the German money market. With the help of- the same order and existence in the German coinage system bring, however, was omitted by the gold coinage not placed in the hands of the king as a matter of empire, but rather from the outset the prince through the golden bull of 1356 was revealed. From a really lovely German king Minting could occur if the documents were completely destroyed The second half of the 14th century was not mentioned to be; those coined by the German kings of the time Coins (the Cbaisesd'or of Louis IV, the Floren of Charles IV with the Roman royal title, as well as the one with the eagle as an accessory signs and the Bohemian guilders of Charles IV and Wenzel) are not from you on the basis of your royal power, but rather shaped by his territorial work and the wonderful Charles and Ludwig-Florene with the appellation of the crown are around so surely the Hungarian kings Charles I (1308 - 42) and Attributed to Ludwig I (—1382) when the Hungarian gold In addition to the Rhenish guilders, they are extremely common in the German ones documents appear. Also those of King Sigismund and his Reich Finance Minister Conrad von Weinsberg put into motion Minting of royal gold guilders in Frankfurt, Nördlingen, Basel and Dortmund had resistance from the princes no particular change was able to be achieved.

Following this, the speaker presented the work of Jesuit Beissel on: “Money value and wages in Middle Ages", in which the extremely rich and wealthy the calculations of the Be- offices of the Victorskirche in Xanten am Rhein, which has been around for many years Hundreds of them are processed, but unfortunately are processed in such a way that the contradiction against method and results. The author name the mark, which, as long as it is the supreme unit of the coinage system formed, was just an accounting coin, one Type of money (p. 75), and even write works to an old man according to which the Aachen mark is an incomparable gold coin. has become an interpretive silver coin (p. 101), so that with one constant confusion between the silver mark and the money mark. a positive result is excluded from the outset. So be it

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Although the right decision was made that the wages correspond to the wages Grain prices brought into the equation and the ratio between the two for the estimate of the first is related, but the back- leading all prices on Xanten denarii up to our year- a hundred in it is to be mistrusted and it is also misleading, that the wages of one master are placed alongside those of the other without relying on the different performance and the difference in the tasks they have to perform be taken into account. It's a lot of risk to do that Xantener bills the coins of the various nearby Xanten's ruling and trading areas collide. seem to be of a universality in the mid-twenty traffic of the beginning- to talk about the 15th century (p. 73) and to explain the principle in to say that the farthing is only valid where it is struck be. The incredible variety of coins of that time rule out such things. But to whom the monumental evidence Nothing counts, you don't just have the testimony against it the Sachsenspiegel, which often only shows the value of the Montes- squeaky “esprit des lois^, but also that Letter from Konrad von Weinsberg from 1426. In But in the latter it is said: “the nobility and the common man great damage nympt to his injury, to his purchase, to change, and the gentlemen's lant are thereby protected from knowledge and come umb big good.** “item the change you . . must always- have fun because of someone else and lose everything because of her- Mountain after hostel on the Muncz • . ^ “item the arman from dem dorff, the prince of daz sin in a state that gyt man ym kleyn is considered and no gold. item of the gentleman, when he sits behind, he nymps Gentleman a Stuwer, if he wants to have gold, he has to get that gold the constant, to the hour so the guldin pushes uff and has to zwyger or dryer pfennig sea to give the guldin because sunst... * It is also wrong to claim that all wages of the companies modern times are nowhere near those of the 14th century. men (p. 154), and leave it to the author himself already determine the numbers supplied. Because according to these (page 172) I had a wood sawyer aged 17-20 in the 14th century, a carpenter's journeyman 18-19, a journeyman roofer 16, a journeyman stonemason 13-16

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Have to work days to get 3 pen painters out of his daily wages

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Grain (i.e. 120 kilograms of wheat, 106 kilograms of rye and 110 kilograms Barley) to be able to buy at a value of 68 Reichsmarks (according to BeisseF's information for 1882 p. 1 17) or just 45 Reichsmarks (according to the official Berlin price notations from October 10, 1886) now on average every if developed in the same time, but sometimes also faster become. The hymn of praise turns into its opposite: in the 14th and 15th centuries the average week was only I have counted five working days, whereas currently I have weeks only five working days are among the exceptions (p. 158): because the worker has no less work and yet more wages had, but with the same daily wage, more days than the opposite I have currently been without work or earnings. How this connection They are also the same between the 15th and 19th centuries obsolete between the 15th and 16th centuries. The low one Wages of the masters at Viktorstift around 1550 compared to that of 1460 (p. 170) is primarily due to the fact that Master Johannes Langenberg from Cologne completed the cathedral in 1519 (p. 1 60) and from then on only patch work had to be done, and it may be apparent arbitrariness, the price of the beer Delivered to workers in the 16th century, not to take the mood of their earnings into account, because it didn't benefit her family (p. 182). It seems strange to say that the craftsmen of... In the 17th century there were only day laborers, where from There was little left in handicrafts (p. 181), and neither will the glorification of the sale of indulgences compared to the cathedral building lotteries of our time (p. 28). find applause.

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Mr. Weil discussed the recently emerged coins from the city of Naukratis, the only Greek Chinese city in Lower Egypt, which has its own coinage law have, and followed it with comments about the beginnings of the Egyptian imperial coinage under Ptolemy Soter.

Mr. von Sallet spoke about a medal at the praised the sculptor and caster Giovanni Bologna whose inscription NATVS MDXXIIII indicates the year of birth artist wanted to conclude. Everywhere, even in the newest factory

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about Giovanni Bologna by Abel Desjardins (1883) is this one Year 1524 is given as the year of birth, and Desjardins rejects it For the sake of the medal, two simultaneous testimonies that... State the year 1525 as the date of the artist's birth: the Cavaliere Vinta writes from Florence on July 1, 1598, Giovanni Bologna is 73 years old, and Lorenzo Usimbardi says in one Report to the Grand Duke Ferdinand of Toscana dated July 15th 1605, the artist was 80 years old; both messages from Contemporaries therefore point to the year 1525. The medal, which is given such great chronological value not a simultaneous, respectable work, but a whole miserable late creation, at least at the end of the 17th century hello, probably not Italian at all, but in the Netherlands land made in honor of the great countryman; next to the The year of birth, 1524, is incorrect on the back Date of death 1609 instead of 1608. All of these concerns would already exist sufficient to deny the medal to contemporary reports. about any chronological value to be granted. But We also have what seems to be a strange way overlooked inscription from the master's hand even in one of his most famous works, which is about his Year of birth removes any doubt. On the horse's reins the bronze equestrian statue of Cosmus I in the Piazza della Signoria In Florence there is a longer one, already visible in the photographs. Bare artist message on the right: IHOAN. BOLOG.BELGA and on the left rein: ETA(tis) SVE. A(nno) 65. AN(no) 1591. If the artist of 1591 (the production* year of the horse; the entire monument was completed in 1594) by says himself that he is 65 years old, so he must be 1525 at the earliest be born, and this year is according to the matching ones Reports by the mentioned contemporaries and those in their own hands Artist's inscription Gian Bologna's real year of birth, not 1524, as it says on the worthless late medal

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Mr. Brakenhausen spoke about prehistoric graves finds in Oberhof near Memel, which also include numerous Roman Coins came to light. Furthermore, the speaker presented two modeled by him, as a gift from the collection of the royal Portrait medals given to local museums.

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Mr. Dannenberg talked about one by where it was found strange, Celtiberian coin. These with Celtiberian origin written, by Hi'iss (Plate IX, 5) in his latest Works from the ancient Spanish mints of the city of Ilerda The inscribed copper coin is on the market square in Zehdenick been excavated; all finds of non-Roman ancient coins are very rare in the north of Germany; but it is quite true It is wrong to draw any historical information from such isolated finds. to make rical or geographical sequences.

SitzQDg voDi November 1st.

Mr. Menadier made plaster casts of some rare and strange bracteates, which are found in foreign collections lungs. The most excellent of these is one in the Large one kept in the Grand Ducal Library in Weimar Bracteate of Duke Bernhard I of Saxony, who... picture of the armored prince and in the strange surroundings font: BERNARDVS DVX SAXONIE EGO S'(VM) which is otherwise on The ducal title that appears on his caps without any addition gives the name of the Saxon duchy added. Three others belong to the Ducal Museum in Braunschweig: only one so far Ludewig's and Schlegel's of the last century Incompletely known bracteate of the market Count Dietrich the Distressed of Meissen (1195-1221), the one within the inscription: MARCHIO -TEO- DEI-GRATIA-l- the margrave sitting on an arch and in an au^- showing the lumbar union holding lily and ancestor (cf. Dannen- mountain. The written bracteates of the Margraviate of Meissen in

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Archive for bracteate science. I. p. 146. no. 35), then a according to the signature: ILEBVRGENSIS in the city of Eilen barg embossed bracteate of Count Dedo the Fat of Groitsch and Rochlitz (1156 - 1190), which the Lord in full of armor and cloak standing next to a tower shows, as a variant of Leitzmann, v. Posern and Dannenberg discussed the second coin of this prince; the third one Equestrian bracteate of the Lords of Plesse, recognizable as such through the shield figure (the so-called fire iron) of the rider, which carries a cross staff instead of a flag, a little smaller and younger than the Plessian ones discussed a year ago Bracteates from the EaulBfunger find and around the middle of the Belonging to the 13th century. The last bracteate finally listen to the finds made into cakes near Dessau in 1744 and is related to its found companions to a coin cup, which is located in the ducal castle in Dessau. Shown the image of a rose and belongs in a row with the Brak- teaten of the Baasdorf find, which has the rose under one shows two towers and an arch decorated with a cross (page f. Münzfreunde 50. 47), the bracteate of the Gross-Briesen find with a Bosenschilde (Z. f. N. 11. 9. 113) and a Brak- teatons from the Dannenberg collection, the Rosenschild over the gate wall between two towers that all- probably belong to the time of Willbrand von Magdeburg. The Baas dorfer bracteate leaves the possibility of the rose as only The three serve to fill the space and decorate it Others, however, teach that the rose has a heraldic meaning has. There can also be no doubt about the homeland of the bracteates apply, as the contents of the finds from Baasdorf and Torten is geographically narrowly limited and the Dannenberg^sche Brak- Teat closely follows the Wittenberg and Brena style. They are therefore for products from the Zerbst Mint to explain whose activities not only among Anhalt hen*- schaft (since 1307). but also during the possession of the counts from Baiby and previously under the old family of nobles Lords of Zerbst since 1214 attested by numerous documents is. (v. Heinemann, codex dipL stops) The well-known seals of the Zerbst family show one cross-sectional