Zeitschrift für Numismatik, vol. 9 — 1882

According to the constitution of the federal government, they had to decide which ones equal rights for the individual cities participating in it admitted to the federal government, the same as in the had happened to older federal constitutions, relied on their right to coin money. to accept a common Gau coin, otherwise because they exercised their right to mint, but as members of the Achaean ian federal government. But it doesn't have any special rights was missing, which was included in the federal constitution The individual states do not all have the same monetary unit.

1) Lebas-Foacart, Voyage arcb^ol. Inscr vol. II, seot. 5, n, 868.

210 E. Because:

rather wisely involved, but what is applied is found Proceedings will only be declared if the gradual development The length of the tape is taken into consideration.

As far as the ten old locations in the volume are concerned, so There are still none left Yon Bura, Tritäa, Pharae and Leontion Yereins coins, for Paträ only silver, the rest are with represented by both metals. While you are now looking at the history* core and especially Polybius searches in vain for one testimony, which aegion gives to the seat of the every year the Federal Assembly, which is to be held, grants a position^), However, the coins of this city point to such an saying, at least the older silver coins from Aegion show the type of the back in a completely strange arrangement. You to read the ribbon monogram from the outside, the city name AIFI {iwv) with the beginning of an official called AA, KO, once also with the suffix of lightning. The younger series follows on from the rest arrangement common in cities, shows from the city name AI, The flash underneath and one on each side on the right and left Official names. The city's latest coins offer this again a peculiar arrangement; AinGCe>N of the city name is next to the Zeus head on the front, around the X the other side is the official name APICTO AAMOC. Aegion was Seat of the federal authorities, the strategist, the demiurges and the Bale temporarily gathering; in his sanctuary of Zeus were the steles about the accession of the individual federal cities set up, and then gathered there Every year in spring and autumn the Achaean Confederation Shaft, laneoutside the old ten cities, this was through the cen-^ The central location of the city motivates, but no more than the federal government

1) W. Vischer, Kleioe Writings I, pp. 376 and 666 denies this Suburban setting for Aeg:ion expressly. Just the way things are going is that something was just coming from, claimed by the Aegies as their right, While Philopömen wants to hold the regional community in Argos and hereby also penetrates.

The coinage of the Ach&ischen Bund. 211

encompassed the entire peninsula; In the year 189 aach succeeded Philopoemen despite the contradiction of the BandesdemiUrgen and the Aegies to enforce that in other places as well the assembly could meet in Aegion (Liv. XXXVIII, 30). With the special position that Aegion had until then in the league asked, the peculiar execution of it is also taken into account Federal coins can be associated.

II. Sicyon, Corinth and Megara.

In the year 251, in his 21st year, Arat had the liberation of Sikyon and the accession of his hometown to the Achaean The federal government was achieved, and six years later he was already holding the position himself the strategy for the first time, and with his first re-election In 243 he announced his policy of establishing the Achaean state expand. The surprise of the Macedonian occupation on Acrocorinth there was Corinth, which had existed since the time of the Battle of Ch&ronea was under foreign rule, freedom was restored which, and as a result of this, Megara also fell from Antigenes Gona- tas from to join the Achaean League, which thus became the border neighbor of Attica and Boeotia.

The capture of Corinth helped the alliance achieve a powerful political position of power and brought him into opposition to Make- donien, that through its crews and those supported by it tyrants control by far the largest part of the Peloponnese in activity held. In order to secure possession of the castle of Corinth, They now had 400 Achaean hoplites instead of the Macedonians to take them in as federal occupation (Plut. Arat. 24). But if making it the most important trading city on the Greek mainland the Confederation had come, this was not without confessions possible. The Achaean coinage convention was on it founded, half the Aeginean drachma for their silver money Weight of 2.85 grams (44 e. gr,) to use in the Peloponnesian cities was the dominant one; the tetrobolone of the Corinthian didrachm of 8.55 gr. (132 e. gr.) fit

212 • B. Because:

exactly with 2.85 gr. (44 e, gr.^, and also the Athenian ones Tetrobola, which nominally 2.915 gr. (45 e, gr.) should weigh, mostly but only 2.72-2.527 gr. (42-39 e. gr.) show^. That's why for even Corinth did not refrain from taking part when he entered were freed from the federal coinage, namely from him of trioboles two rows in front, a younger one with the Pegasus and usually also the K as the beginning of the city name, which is probably lich with the resumption of the city after the battle Cynoscephaly began, and an older one at 9 and exceptionally go with the monogram ^; the latter returns to the latest autonomous coins from Paträ again as KP '), so that it is the It seems as if these older pieces are not in at all Corinth, but was minted for Corinth in Paträ. every- if Corinth has in its coinage after it was in the Achaean After the alliance came into being, no change was made, but stuck to his tried and tested trading coin, the Di- drachma series suffer as little as those of small silver an interruption. The Achaean League had with its trio Bolen and his copper money only a cash coin for him want to create internal traffic, for the Courant bot from older Silver the Alexander coinage), next to it the more recent coinage Athens and the coin of Corinth provided the necessary replacement.

III. Arcadia.

The capture of Corinth resulted in that too Epidaurus and Troezen dem, which border on Corinthia joined alliances^). In the other cities of the Argive half- island, on the other hand, in Hermione, Argos and the neighboring Phlius were tyrants who stood firmly by Antigonus and

1) Finlay, Num. Chron. N. S. VI 1866, p. 22 ff.

2) On the trioboles with the official AFYC AfCXPiaNOC, and with JAMACiAC (Hionnet II, 190, n. 309. 310).

3) For the distribution of the Alexander money in the 2nd Jabrhandert can also be approached that the stater of the T. Qninctins is only a gopie of the Aleocanderataters is

4) Plut. Arat. 24, cf. Polyb. II, 62.

The Mnnsiveseii of the Acb&ischeii Covenant« 213

in the Achaean league formed by Aratos their dangerous 8th opponent had to see. * It was no different in Arcadia, where the Confederation of Neaem was restored around 254 had disintegrated and taken over in the megalopolis Lydiadas had taken possession of; other rulers are not named, but Lydiadas' example seems aach in the Eastern Cadian cities to have found an imitation ^).

rather the entry of the Arcadian cities into the Achaean Apart from Megalopolis, there are only a few occasional ones in the Bund mentions in the accounts of the Cleomenic War, hence the great uncertainty about the chronological sequence these processes. During Arat's quest to do so was to overthrow the tyrant power in Argos Lydiadas, to voluntarily abdicate in Megalopdis and his father- to bring the city to the Achaean League. The profit, which of the Confederation was, in addition to the relevant borrowed increase in power that the up to the Messenian-laconic border mark reaching, by far the largest part of western Arcadia's comprehensive megalopolitics offered him, perhaps still un- equally more important in the lively political sense that you have citizenship of the newly entering state. What the eastern Arkadin cities, which we can only see in part wise reliable tradition about the Battle of Mantinea against Agis^) on the side of the megalopolitans, so she has probably the latter's approach to joining the Federal brought. At least it can be proven with certainty that that the negotiations with Orchomenus have only just been concluded long after Megalopolis had already been accepted into the federal government had found*). After that, Dittenberger recently has the

1) About the one in the inscription LebM-Foneart Voy. arch. M^ride et P^lo- ponneae n. 363 mentioned Nearchoa and his sons in Orehomenoa, a. third berger, Hermes XVI, 8. 179.

2) Paua. VIII, 8, 5 ff. See Droyaan, HeUeoismns III, 1, 8. 4SI.

$ This results in the entry number of Orohomenoa already cited above (Lebaa-Foncart n. 353), which Foncart aaf the J. 199, Dittenberger Hermet XVI, 8. 184, rightly based on the earlier assumption of Ton Orchomenos.

aj

214 Ä. Because:

The view is that aach the first entry of Mantinea (Polyb. II. 57, 1) took place at that time, whereas Freeman did the same starts a few years happier, and the later re-occurrence the city's exit from the rivalry between Mantinea and Me- galopolis^). For Tegea, however, there is no specific but also information about his entry into the league at this time, but the same is made probable by the fact that Tegea is in the Follow the fate of Orchomenos and Mantinea.

Aratos has Arcadia as it belonged to the league at that time had concluded, was unable to preserve it. The Aetolians, in constant friendship with their kin Eleem, had, although they were still in the alliance with the Achaem defended Demetrios of Macedon from Phigalia made an Aetolian armor plat, and took part in their alliance notwithstanding not shy, Mantinea sanunt Orchomenos and Tegea as allies, to whom they were granted Aetolian citizenship. shared, received (Polyb. IL 46), of course only in order to receive them as the Achaean-Aetolian alliance came to an end in 228 to the king to extradite Eleomenes of Sparta. At the outbreak of de9 kleomeni- schen Eaiegs is then Mantinea again after the battle at the Lycaion came into the possession of the Achaean League. macaw Tos immediately recognized Mantinea as a federal city again (Polyb. n. 57, 5, 58, 8), but at the same time a YerfiEussungswechsel- tion was carried out, through which the Metöken took part in the Citizenship was granted^) in order to give the Achaeans a to form a given party. But just a few months later, after the battle of Ladokeia, the Mantineans rose again, the Achaean garrison within its walls was crushed made and the city then joined Klee again

1) Dittenberger a. 0. P. 177 ff. — Freeman, History of iederal governmeDt I, p.404.

2) Plat. Arat. 36: toi/c furoixov^nöUictg tnoiriaiv avimv. Polybias er- does not mention the constitutional changes, but says of Tegea (II, 70) that Aiiti- g

The Mfinzweseu cks Achaean BniidM. 215

menes. The act of revenge can then be carried out in advance Campaign of the year 223 Antigonos Doson took over, bad glossed over by Arat, who was not ashamed, far himself and his Achaeans received the third part of the proceeds that fell to them to accept the Beate made when the city was taken (Plüt. Arat. 45). The land of Mantinea was taken over by Antigo nos with deliberate violation of the Achaean constitution given to the Confederation, but to the Argives^). Aratos to Oekisten made for the re-foundation of the city, left it henceforth no longer called Mantinea, but Antigonea, a name which remained with her until the reign of Hadrian).

Of the cities mentioned here are according to the spatial extent of the associated area of Megalopolis the federal coins of this city are the most numerous, their Wed and fdlmen under the federal monogram on the silver coins joins the latest Autonom coins from Megalopolis.

From Mantinea are the two periods in which there is the covenant has belonged for a long time^ is represented in the coin series. The the first, from which only silver is present, takes the part symbol, the trident^ from the autonomous coins of the city, whereas the younger one with the name also has the coat of arms of Mantinea has stated and deals with the beginning of the new one City name AN (^AvtiyovBia) is enough. On the earliest pieces appears as on the Corinthian covenants with 9 silver the monogram "f^ so that in this case too Paträ could look for the place of mint; the copper money with the rise Font AXAIHN ANTirONEXlN shows no special features. There- Pallantion appears to be contrary to what appears on its covenant coins City coat of arms, the trident, from the deceased Mantinea to have taken over, as perhaps part of the field Mark, which had belonged to the neighboring town, fell to Mark.

In its silver coins, Tegea has so far offered a unique

1) Plutaroh Arit 45 tf»¥ yoQ ^jloyift^v if\v noliy nag liyriyoyov Satginy laßontor^ wofar GartiuB Pelopouiei I, 218 'Axa^üv in letan Tortehl&gft.

8) Break. V11I8, 13. Cf. Labat-Foacart, V.A.Imer.Tol.II.part 2.0Mt.Vn.36Sk.

16

216 R. Because:

cohesive row, so that there is nothing here for the two-time until the city joined the za band. For orcho Menos still lacks the Achaean band money.

The entry of the megalopolitans had already been preceded that of the north-western arcaders, of Herea, that in one between 240 and 235 by the Strat^en Dioitas was taken ^), and probably around the same time that one too from Thelpusa, whereas those in their mountains already north of the Aroania, Eynathia, the northernmost Arcadian district, which Aratos tried to win early, temporarily was lost again to the Aetolians (Polyb. IX, 17). Of the other Arcadian border cantons, Psophis was with Elis remained and was only occupied by Philip and Achaem in 219 been left (Polyb. IV, 72), who also, like Kleitor, Kaphyä, Pheneos and Stymphalos, are occasionally referred to as im mentioned as being in the possession of the Achaeans, without a specific te time^>onkt for their accession could be found^), but probably has the one from Eleitor and Pheneos in the future related to the acceptance of the megalopolitans.

IV. Argos and its neighboring towns.

If, through Megalopolis's entry, the Achaean League unites had acquired a distinctly Peloponnesian character, Ara- tos but the striving for expansion of the federal government also goes beyond that not abandoned beyond the borders of the Peloponnese. Since the end of the Chremonidean army was in Munychia and the Piraeus, as well as a Macedonian garrison on Sunion and Salamis, and This meant that Athens, even if there were no foreign troops inside, Half of its walls were no longer located, but in fact it was completely in make-up. Donic hands given. Now that Arat has already arrived earlier Attack on Salamis, then also one on the Piraeus had failed, succeeded after King Demetrios' death

1) Polyaen. II, 36. Freeman p. 403.

2) Polyb. II, 62. 55. IV, 19. Freeman p. 403. .

The coinage of the Acbäisohen BqDdes. 217

Commander Diogenes to move away from Macedonia. While from the concurring report of the Paas. II, 8, 6 and Plutarch Arat. 34, to which Arat's memorials belong Basically, it was known that the withdrawal was with 150 talents had been bought from the Macedonian occupation, and Arat, who wants to have raised 20 talents for himself, claims to have persuaded Diogenes to become his commando recite, it is now through the from ü. Charcoal burner (Hermes VII, * 1 ff.) known like to pay attention to inscribed results that the The Athenians' own participation in their liberation was unequal was larger than it could seem from Arat's report, and that the remuneration of the large number of mercenaries is the essential brightest moment. Although now Athens is the one power was wrested from the Macedonian king and the Achaean The federal government is at least freed from an inconvenient border neighbor was, the purpose of helping to liberate Athens can only be who was to win Athens as the federal city of the Achaeans, what was not achieved despite the liberation The island Aegina was admitted at that time, but Athens did not join. The reason for this will be found in the fact that, once admitted into the Confederation, legally protected from such insignificant Country towns like Tritäa and Leontion tend not to be given any preference would have had to claim, but then also in the opposite between Peloponnesians and non-Peloponnesians.

Conditions were not much better than in Athens Argos. For fifteen years, Aratos will soon be within himself Years as a strategist, soon as a private citizen in the years in between years tried to bring Argos into the Achaean Confederation bring. The elder Aristomachus had been murdered, Aris- tippos, his successor, fell in battle with the Achaem, but these attacks had only served to prove how exceedingly weak in Argos, which is favorable to joining the federal government be a party. Aristomachus the younger, who agreed without resistance

find who comes into power in Argos is the third

16*

218 R. f«):

of this gender^), which held the same, so that the ar* Givish tyranny here already has the character of a dynasty. Arat already had this under the reign of Aristippus Eleonians won for the Achaeans by having the of Nemean celebration moved to Argos by the ArgiYers from Eleonä Year 237 by the Eleonians, who presided over the games of Age-old zokonune, had it taken up again'). But only in Lydiadas' 3rd strategy convinced Aristomachus through diplomatic Actions on an amicable basis for accession can soon be found but the ambitious Arat intrigues up to his level next strategy i. J. 228 understood to postpone; at the same time The two Macedonian-minded rulers then also became in Hermione and Phlius, Xenon and Kleonymos, to abdication brought. Aristomachus was responsible for rewarding the mercenaries 50Talents are stipulated, it seems to him right away when the contract is concluded the right to the next strategy has been guaranteed, at least he will be Arat's successor in the next election become, which the latter thereby became for the first of Lydiadas could get rid of. Regarding the further provisions of the contract must also be the one about the holding of the Nemeen celebration in Argos

1) About the kinship relationship of the three Argive tyrants there is no further information; Phylarch at Polyb. II, 60 says of Aristo- machos dem younger ix jvgaryttp ncgwu^yat, Thirlwall Hiatory of Greeee YIII, 124, Termathei in the same a son of Aristipps; a close relative In any case, the names indicate this: Aristomachus, Aristippus, Aristomachus and Preeman*8 concerns (p. 380) about this are irrelevant.

2) For the Nemeen celebration, I follow Unger's subsachang, meeting reports the Bavarian Academy iSSO, 8. 165 ff. - There are a number of Kleonä Knpfermünzen (Head of Heracles with lion skin right, that of the Lysimachosmnian Ter-

Rf. “q in a fine-leafed wreath), which in style and work corresponds to the character

▼on Tiryna, strikingly close to Salamis. A younger class of copper coins (pictured below S. Söl) has a head of Apollo on the side of the hand The reverse side, however, is the front part of the argific Wolfii with the initial aigifi-

schen llünia recurring monogram Tj ao that on one side of the Cleonean type tone is superseded by the Argiyan one. Here too there is to recognize the ton Aigos achieved via Kleon& prostasy, which in the neem- nic games come to fruition.

The Mans system of the Achiian League. 219

have given birth, because there, not in Nemea, are for the future the Nemeen were rain-soaked ^). Finally Argos asked as a special right in addition to the testing of acbaical bonds money has its autonomous character preserved and permanently retained. ten*), although here there are by no means commercial considerations as in Eorinth were to be taken. Nevertheless, the Achaean Covenant in Argos had little support for the next few decades received. Accustomed to own claims of hegemony To claim Peloponnese, the Argiyans decided to do so Eleomenes, who drove the Achaean armies out of the field beat, advanced into the north of the peninsula, like all opponents of the Achaean state, the Spartan king; also Aristo machos, whom Antigonus then had executed for it. As later, 198, at the Achaean federal assembly the alliance with Rome was adopted against Philip, were the Macedonian The Argives' sympathies were still so lively that they opposed the and the Achaean garrison placed in their city distributed. Philip used this to bring Argos into the hands of Nabis Playing hands that she two years with his spartan Mercenary bands held possession.

The silver money of the Federal Mint minted in Argos is mostly without city name; the names that replace it: club, Harp, wolf's head, are all also on the trioboles of the same early autonomous embossing on the back in the square capital A as a symbol. Should Now on the federal coinage, these symbols are sufficient To mark the mint of Ai^os, it is necessary that they are not the private coat of arms of the respective mint official, which is only officially used in connection with its name could find, but that these two oaks in themselves have an official character, that's why they come on the antooomen coining different officials with the same attribute

1) Unger, t. 0.

9) See the Mfini catalog 8. 258.

220 B* Because:

sign yor. If, on the other hand, I live next to one and the same official If you can find up to five different symbols, it is by so much it is clear that these signs only serve to individual series, and it doesn't follow from this that way that each of these symbols would also be on federal money can be used to mark the Arges mint. draww

The Argives had a lot of silver at the time in which they... belonging to the Achaean League, no longer minted. The autonomous one Triobole coinage dates back to the end of the Achaean League continued, however, as far as can be seen, the imprint is of Eupfergeld remained entirely reserved for the federal government.

V. Sparta. Messene. Elis.

The three most important land areas in terms of their spatial extent of the Peloponnese, which, as long as the Aetolian League was still in existence stood unchallenged, most of whom were among his allies, are within two years:cn without a sword stroke at the Achaean Covenant came. In Sparta there was the tyranny of Nabi through the war against Rome not only Argos, but also the Laconic eastern cities had lost, by a host of Aeto- 1er under Alexamenos i. J. 192 was broken, and this entry invaders danp by the Spartans during an attempted plunder Some of them were killed and some were driven out of their city, so that Philopömen now, without resistance, found the city in league could incorporate. Messinia and Elis, which are now alone were independent, were given to the Achaem as a reward for their contribution joins the Roman symmachy against Aetohen (Liv. XXXVI, 31) and as a result 191 were added to the league, which now that the cities that were in Philip's hands were Otcho* Menos and Eorinth together with Megara since the year 196 which had been returned included the entire Peloponnese.

The covenant money of Lacedaemon, only silver, bears equal to that autonomous laconic silver money, the city coat of arms, the two

The MÜDZ system of the Aehaian band. 2^

Dioscrew caps crowned with stars, with an X written above them. moderately the city name abbreviated into a monogram. AnfflSUig is that with the frequency of laconic silver coins of the Achaean band does not yet have an associated Eupfergeld can be proven^ even more so than before no Eupfergeld from the preceding autonomous period of Laconia has come to light').

The federal silver of Elis regularly shows the city name as on the autonomous coins abbreviated to FÄ^ the Eupfer- money has long been lost in the Elian dialect back then. come from Vau, which is like an official seal on the tonomen coins had been retained^), and is available as a transcription next to the Demeter AXAIAN AAEIHN. Elis was then, whether probably it had lost Triphylia, and Alpheios had lost its southern border, but still the most extensive and at least one of the most fertile and best populated territories of the Achaean League; The celebration of the Olympics probably also contributed to this chen games with the tourism taking place and the associated goods fair will become more pronounced necessary, so that it explains why the Elian silver money from the time of the Achaean League in terms of quantity and wealth The durability of the series surpasses all other mints. Um then to protect against counterfeiting and a stricter control to practice, are added to the two previously existing civil servants names on the most recent series there is also a third fully written added.

What appears strikingly sparse is the coin below. list the federal coinage of Messenia, but perhaps there are

1) Regarding the lack of Eupfergeld before LakoDien joined As far as the Ach&ian Confederation is concerned, one could refer to the Yer- muthang come that the Lycurgian constitution was maintained in Oeltnng for so long was, made use of the iron money that had been lost; for them Time after the year 193 it remains to be considered that the captive money of the Ach&ian Band nns mostly in heavily worn sticks Toriiommt, and even from In the more important federal state, there are often only very few copies available.

2) Magazine f. Nnmism. VII, p. 118 ff.

222 R« Because:

There are some silver coins signed at Megalopolis the mint of Messene is included.

VI. The cantonal healings,

It is known from Plutarch^) that Philopoems are a number of Komen belonging to Megalopolis separated from their city and independent^ which originally wasn't even mega- Lopolis belongs, rather, it was only later that he became involved in Synoikismos had; and this will^ what Freeman ') has already pointed out, by those from these places as members of the Achaean League issued coins confirmed. From those in Synoikismos Arcadian towns surrounded by megalopolis is now for 10') Achaean federal money available. These are the following enders:

in the Kynurla Alipheira

Gortys in the Mänaiia Dipaia

Pallantion

Acea

Elisphasioi

KaUista*) Methydrion, formerly belonging to Orchomenos

Theisoa*)

Teuthis. But that this procedure is the Philopömen by no means about a radical innovation, but rather just about

1) Plntarch. Pbilopöm. 13. ^lonoif*fiy an Patriae noUäg tüiy ntgiOixiJtoy x(ofiüiy, Ifytiy dtSa^ag, dtg ov awitikovy oiidh fjoay l| a^ijs indytov, »al Xiyovaaii xavia tpaviQws ovyfjywy^aaro xal avyxaiiOTaataaf ir^y noliy frtl itay *Axttiwy,

3) Freeman I, p. 626 ff. Daily also Cartias, Peloponoes I. 422 Anin. 17. >

3) The Toran law states that the Elisphasians (Tgl. the MünsTerzeidiDiss p. 267) have heard lar Megalopolitis and not sur Mantjaike.

4) S. Mfiosyerseichniss p. 268.

6) For the Manseo, Bnaoa if n^og VgxofUytp is aogenommeD as pr&gort, and not Bfia6a rj ngog jivxa(

bJ'

The Mönzweaen of the AebaiBchen band. 238

Legalization of essentially already existing or to Little has already acted under conditions that have already been established from the federal documents already discussed on another occasion the arcade^) can be seen. In the Younger Arcadian Eid The Kynorian region is completely cooperative independently there next to Megalopolis, with the full Number of votes of 5 Demiargen, that of the Maenalians also everywhere, but only with 3 demiurges; So it wasn't just that Eynnria, who is not at all among the Oekists of Megalopolis was represented, which suggests that they were originally at all was not intended for participation, but also a part of the Mänalia detached from Megalopolis at that time. If so Lydiadas during his tyranny Alipheira in the Eynuria to the Eleer ceded (Polyb. IV 77, 10), he only has one border town abandoned, which also existed in the period of the Younger Arcadian Eids cooperative was no longer part of the megalopolis, but in 199 Philip once again awarded Megalopolis. has been delivered (Liv. XXVm 8; XXXU 22). Of the five Menalic towns listed above, which we have our own Achaean coins found represented are for Asea and Pallantion from Xenophon (Hell VII 5, 5) known that they were in the battle at Mantinea there are still their independent contingents in addition to Megalo- polis and were therefore still independent at the time. For Pallaution at least can be assumed that despite the contrary statement by Pausanias*) in Megalopob's never completely worked out, otherwise it would be the only one among all these places, which also had silver under the Achaean League would have spent money; In addition, as already mentioned, the type of trident means that it is part of the inheritance of the destroyed Mantinea. From the previously orcho- Menic cities have been proven to have methydrion at times

1) Lebas-Foocart Voyage archM. loser, vol. II, pait 2, aect V, n. 840, igh daia time tcbr. f. Nam. IX, 8. £89

%) break. VIII 97, 8 and 7. YIII 48, 1.

224 R' w«l-

to make it possible again^), most recently around 234 one unsuccessful attempt to regain his autonomy. win.

The effort to break away was therefore in these galopolis is busy everywhere in the more distant districts, but Megalo- polis asserts its right to leadership; it represents at the Integration of the Orchomenians into the Achaean Confederation 234 the legal rights of the residents of Methydrion'*) and to rebuild its city walls, which were destroyed by Eleomenes It also includes the Asklepios sanctuary in Gortys. control*).

Without strong resistance within the citizenry of Finding Megalopolis could also result in the separation of these

since then Eomen and their elevation to independent members

■ •

the Achaean Confederation is not happening, and Aristainos from Megalopolis, who was a strategist in 195 even to Philopömen's opponents. But Philopömen has through his Measure reached that the territory of Megalopolis, so far only represented as a single community in the Achaean League, instead of one The only vote for the Federal Assembly now received eleven ^). Like There was little justification for the interpretation given by Plutarch (Philop. 13) takes part in the procedure of Philopömen, Philo- pömen out of revenge against the machinations of his opponents, who met him during his absence on Crete, where they passed through the Suffering from the Nabi's invasion, they were accused of desertion and wanted to deprive them of their civil rights, whatever had been prevented by Aristainus' intervention, the separation of the perioecan cantons is already clear

1) Magazine f. Nom. IX, p. 35.

2} Lebas-Foncart a. 0. n. 353, cf. Dittenberger Hermes XY I, p. 184.

3) Lebas-Foncart d. 353, lines 18 ff.

4) Lebas Foacart d. 331 c Z. 6 'Auxlantos Kogtvna^ (J/xa fJiyagy Ja§Mnk- x^C, ZkvJ^lda^ oi £ioa7gdrov (ßina ftvag) xrX,, so spiritual and worldly Givers next to each other.

5} It is by no means impossible that the number will not change could increase the number of new finds.

The MunzweseQ of the Aebaian volume. 225

the fact that the Yer&hren begun here by Philopömen to which megalopolitics was not limited at all.

Aach Lusoiy that formed its own nokig^) in ancient times had been located in Aroania, the northernmost part of the Eleitoria, appears independently in the Achaean League and is antecedent to the Eaper Federal coins represented.

Cantonal divisions, such as those established in Arcadia also for other landscapes of the Achaean League. show^ Megara, which was caused by Cleomenes' appearance in Corinth had been isolated from the Peloponnese^) and by the surrender Acrocorinths at Antigonus also remained isolated, has become the Joined the Boeotian League and is only shortly before liberation Corinth fell back to the Achaems. The copper coins of Pagä prove that this place also maintains its independence found in the Achaean League, but such ones are still missing of Aegosthena, which at this time already had its own municipality constitution'), and coins were still minted under Severus has^). In Corinthia there would be a detachment of the port cities must have been difficult to carry out from their capital, because Strabo's statement that Tenea^) in the late was later raised to an independent community, However, a replacement in the period of the Achaean Ban- of the point, even if the coin that can now be proven for Tenea*) only belonged to the imperial era.

\) Pause. VIII 18, 8. 'AynoClaq Aovoivi ȟfiu tnntp as winner of the 10th Py- tbiade (640 BC).

9) Polyb. XX, 6. Atbenaeas X, 418. Schoro, Gesch. Greece p. 208.

3) Lebas-Foacart Yoyage arch^ol. Inscr. toI. II, part 2, sect. V, n. 12 (Weicker, Kleine Bücher III, 242, nnd Rangab^ Äntiqu. Hellen, n. 407). Aegostbenite Proxeny Decree for a Megarean. Compare above p. 205 Note 2.

4) Located in the Mänzkabinet za Athens, published by Ton Postolakas, Annali d. Inst. arcb. 1866, p. 336, n. 17-21 Monnm. ined. VIII, ta?. 32.

5) Strabo 380: in d^vaiaia xnl xad^ovtovs noltttvtol^atf nQO^Oia&tu dk lotf 'Ptü/naioig anontaytas KoQtv^((av xai xaiaaMafftfatig irjg noXttitg av/a-

6) P. Lambros, Journal. f. Numism. I, 319. Plate 9, n. 3 (Julia Domoa).

296 R. Because:

The Triphylic cities over which Elis claimed his sovereignty has always only been able to be used temporarily the name of the lepreates^) with on the psephism of the Arcadians ▼step. With the collapse of the New Arcadian oath Cooperatively they were returned to Elis, who owned it Possession has expanded through that of Alipheira to include him at the outbreak of the Allied War to Philipp Y. (Polyb.IV^TS). Philip then already has these possessions in 207 promised to leave it to the Achaeans, but only in 199 speak redeemed, and Alipheira the megalopolitan, the triphy- Italian cities were handed over to the Achaean League, which was also the case was confirmed in the peace treaty of 196. The federal Coin of Hypana teaches that not as in the Arcadian Oath cooperative the Triphylians were treated as lepreats, but rather the individual cities of Triphylia participating in the Achaean Covenants were.

The Messinian landscape is gradually becoming part of the Confederation. been won. Pylos^) was already in 208 his possession during the first Roman-Macedonian war, in which the Achaeans were on Philip's side; in Peace treaty of 196, which was awarded to T. Quinctius Flamininus Decemvim sent confirm that the Messenians had joined wanted to reclaim Pylos from the Romans, but it was awarded to the Achaeans together with Asine (Polyb. XYin 42). There is no information about Korone's incorporation more detailed information, just from its naming kiiir^v ^A%aiwf¥

1) Dms this the light Aaffiissaog; is, follows aas Skylax PeripL 43. /7a- ^dnlovg 6h rijg *fflflwy x^Q"^^ ^XQ^ ^^^ ^^^i AiriQ^atmv ata6£a %ff\ 44 — »a^Kti 61 ^ ^Ag}ta6ia inl &alaTiay xata AitiQiOP 1« fncoysiag — »or^a- nlove 6i irjg Aingtatmy x^pag ata6(a q\

2) LiT. XXVII, 30. - about the receipt of Messenes from the cities of the Landaebaft bandelt anafiDbrlicb E. Kahn, On the deaeration of the cities of the Old p. 244if.

3) i) nolte ri Kogwvatiwr rar iv *Ä%attjf^ on the Kassander-Tftfel from Aiezan- dria Tioas: E. Gartins, Arcb&ol. Zeitang 1865, p. 36. Lebas-Waddington Yoy. areb. Insert. III. Ezplications n. 1730 a.

The girl of the Achaean band. 227

(Paus. IV 34, 6) one can conclude that it was earlier than Messene himself fell to the Confederation; it also has a short time hindoroh, which was not far from his entry into the Achaean region. can lie, a loan of autonomous triobols*) was issued. In the two southernmost towns of the Akritas Peninsula, in Mothone and Asine, the Lacedaemonians once had those from the Argives residents of Nauplion and Asine who were driven out of their homeland settled, which had not yet entered the Messenian countryside around 340 had occurred^) and as far as can be seen, always were only temporarily in close association with Messene, as well as for Mothone several series of autonomous copper coins^) are available. But where there is an independent politics stand^ one can safely assume that they are as this was also preserved in the Achaean league So far, only coins from the Ice Age^) are known from Eyparissia but here too you become independent Communities in the period of the Achaean League closed Dürfrau However, now only for Eorone and Mothone federal coins present, it is clear from the previous that before Messene and the Pamisos plains were given to the Confederation. come, which here is partly the aversion of a powerful one Oligarch party partly the influence of foreign politics resistance prepared, the entire eastern coast including the Akritas peninsula had fallen to Acbaem.

Messene himself came with the territory that remained to him 191 to the Confederation; those from the oligarchic an- tonomists have repeatedly undertaken uprisings However, attempts resulted in Lykortas 183 also

1) Pallas head right. Rf, grape in the an^erichteteo Epheakraox KOP (the ter- different series by Bucbstabea E Z ^ uoterscbieden).

2) Scjiax PeripL 46. Aa*%daCfAt>y il^yog xal noluf h nüt^ ktclv atSk' Aaipfif Mo&tjyfij 'A^UIhoc h^r^y xil. Niebahr, Small Writings p. 118. Car. Maller, Geogr. Graeci min. I, p. 40.

3) Gourtois, Retoe Namismat. 1864, p. 187.

4) Mionnet II, 913, n. 31-38. P. IV, 210 IT. from the time of Setera and Caracalla.

228 R. Because:

Nodi the separation of Abia, Phara and Thuria was completed ward, their independence in the usual way now also established by its own stelae in the Hamarion in Aegion (Polyb. XXIII. 17 [25, 1]). Messinia was thus divided into 9 different cantons, but the city of Messene itself Like Sparta, separated from the sea and its former perioeca* Cities made independent of her.

Laconia, the most dangerous enemy of the Confederation, until Philopömen succeeded in destroying the completely neglected army to reorganize it is in the year 196 in that of T. Quinc^ tius and Achaem undertook together against Nabis Campaign of his eastern cities and more important perioca cities were stolen, 24 in number, under the tutel of the Achaean were provided by the federal government^); independent members of the same But these cities didn't become that way, and that's why none of them spent Achaean monies^). The Me« Gallopolitans were in the same year 196 väe for compensation for the Eomen they abandoned, the Belminatis in the upper Eurozone area'), which means that the most important benefits passages from Arcadia to Laconia into the hands of the Achaeans came. That Lacedaemon is so diminished in his possession Five years later, it was also included in the ranks of federal cities. been taken, in a far less favorable position than the neighboring landscapes where the places detached from the capital are were eligible members of the Confederation; there was more to that there is an influential oligarch party, which after the creation of Iykurgian legislation, and the lust of Aegytis^) could not get over with the alliance

1) Liy. XXXY, 13. XXKVIII, 31. Cf. daza Foncart Vog. arch. Inscr. ▼ol. IL part. 2, sect. V (ll%aride et Piloponnise) Bxplicatioiis p. 110 ff.

3) With the exception of Foacart, I had at least wanted to keep the possibility open that they were viewed as free cities within the federal government.

3) LiT. XXXVIII, 34. Flood. Philupöm. 16. Gartias, Peloponnese II, 358.

4) See also the inscription n. 259, which was treated by Ton Dittenberger to the Olympia (Archaeol. Zeitnng 37, p. 128).

The coinage system of the AcbSisee Boode. 229

there was eternal strife over it, and for which Homer wanted a The occasion presented itself in favor of the federal government Spartans intervene in the affairs of the Aehaeans at any time mix in.

Although the overview given here of the Eanton Divisions in the Achaean League were undoubtedly caused by further divisions Inscriptions and coin finds will increase, but it is enough to show how at the end of the third and beginning of the Second century a radical change within of the federal government. Above all, it is the parts of Arcadia, where the further development of the once existing beginnings Urban formation had been interrupted by Synoikismos of Megalopolis, now these old foundations as self- permanent members of the Achaean League are also recognized Triphylia, according to its historical development, only that Sea-reaching piece of Arcadia, whose cities Elis temporarily lived in the position of Komen dependent on him, and Messenia, where the headquarters of the Federalist Party is in the Periökstädten against the oligarchic Autonomist Party in Messene. The Further Eantonic divisions occur in the Megarian landscape; They were of less importance, if there was any at all such took place in the Eorinthia. have remained intact apart from Achaean areas only those of the Argolis^) and Elis. The total number of federal cities is determined by this Eanton divisions have been increased by two thirds, and thus indirectly at least partially achieved what is within the Achaean form of recording, which ensures equal rights for the one individual federal members, even distribution of votes xoivov %üv l^xaiwv certain things that had to seem impossible: the landscapes recorded during the expansion of the federal government to gain influence commensurate with the size of their territories.

In Megalopolis has Philopömen, which is considered the most outstanding Representatives of this eantonal policy will have to apply, first of all, lively ones

1) The 8Mtiiii betehrMene miosis of Ena in the Tliyroitii bl pre- kMn, t. MüniverMieliiiiM 8. S7a

2gO R^ ^part:

He had to deal with resistance until he got through the same thing. can bring guidance. His intention could only have been^ to dispel the previously specifically Achaic character of the covenant wipe, and to him that of the common Peleponnesi* to lend a look; That's why clay also becomes philopoemen about it Time defended the right, the BondesTersammlnng not just in Aegion, but also in other cities of the Confederation can (Liv. XXXVIIl. 80). What has really been achieved Of course, it was only that the Arcadians and especially Megalopolis compared to the ancient Achaian cities at least an equal have gained important influence. The Arcadian Stanunes feeling emerges most clearly in that of the megalopolitans Yolks' decisions about hero honors, which correspond to this deceased Philopömen should be proven^), after the Federally approved orders have already been made. The Achaean Confederation is never a panhellenian confederation. times, in the period up to the death of Aratos (214). the Old Aftian cities and Sikyon were almost exclusively owned the strategy; with Philopömen's first strategy 208 comes to the SteDe of Sikyon Megalopolis, except that the same thing about one has a much larger circle of statesmen, and also the opposing parties at the same time with leaders And the same as for the strategists^ also applies to them Demiurges and the other offices of the Confederation; because how incomplete the fasts of the Achaean covenant are to us present, are here regardless of the democratic constitution')

1) KeiJ, Antlecta epigraph. p. 18 iL Lebas-Foacart H^ride et Pelopoiuite n. 331, line 3: Mo^t rq n^oin^ iifiaoai 4>tlo[n'\Q\(fAiva KgmvytSoq i]f^ai( lao- 94oti . . . tdgvaaa&m Si it( aiirov tifiup tv iq ayogq rö fi[yäfia xal xilaai ttffa T««]^/iK( f[a] d[o]f[^a] •• . *al ßmfAOV xata[pxtvaaai xil, Z, 31 • . . *AoitaOiy aHa¥ . . . \ay&ptt yvfi]ytx6y xal Inmxor xil. See Diodorus. XXIX, 18: /«^k 4h liSr ^oii'g loif *AxiiioXi xata\l/fiq>ia&fyrwy eleven ^'f^fi^ tay^goc, i natgig t^Qv- tffifo, xal 10P ßov9vjety avr^ »or* (ytavtoy xrX.

2) This was by no means entirely limited. The referees for the HafeDttreit Ton Panormoi are chosen nlovriyda xal aQiariyS« (Lebaa- Foncart, lUgaiide n. 17. Viseher, Kleine Bücher I, 8. 87S), and more on the inability to the Olympia a. SM

The male nature of the Acbai region. 231

and the Achaean civil law applicable throughout the volume right almost nar members of the Alb-Achaean cities and mega- lopolites involved, compared to whom the other federal cities only may have had a negligible influence.

It was more consequential for later centuries that this... The system of Eantonic divisions followed by Philopömen is a means offered, the Yerödang of the Flat, which was already spreading at that time of the country (Polyb. XXXVII, 9). While in the landscapes of northern Greece through the uprising by Hypata, Lamia, Heraclea and Demetrias, later by the Synoikismos of Nikopolis and Paträ, the ancient tribes of Aenian, Malian, Oetaer, Doloper, Magneten, and later also the Aetolians perished, and their fields became desolate, is due to the times of the Achaean Confederation the consolidation of urban life, the communal constitution were won for the Peloponnese, which reached deep into the lasted into the imperial period. To the extent, however, as the Achaean League had trained her, she could don't claim. Grerade in Arcadia, where the number of Eomen, which had become independent polities were the largest they all fell back to their main places, Elsewhere, however, such as in the Megaris and in Messenia she maintains her independence. Obviously, these violations are Relations were readjusted by Mummius and his Decemvirs the, and for the Arcadians the influence of Polybius have been decisive.

The three are from the Peloponnese for the Ice Age Roman colonies and four cities of the Eleutherolacones with one calculated, from 44 mints*) coins. The last night

(Archaeol. Ztg. 37, 8, 138; 39, p. 191) the choice of the zam Vertngsschwnr certain 100 Bärger death megalopolis gate taken: dgtaiMat^ muI nioviMay* 1) Megara, Aegosthena (Annaii d. lost. 1866, p. 336, Hoo. loed. YlII, Ut. 32), Pag&; Aegion, Aegira, Bara, Pellene, Phlius, Sikyon ; Elijah; Measene, Kypariaaia, Mothooe, Pyloa, Tharia; Laked&mon, Asine, Asopos, Boia, Oythion, Laa; Argot, Atine, Epidaoros, Hermione, Kleooft, Hetbana, Trösen, Tenea (Zdtaebr. f. Nnm. I,

17

232 R. Because:

The impact of the urban life that unfolds here then becomes apparent za recognize at the beginning of the Christian period, where Hierocles 28 dioceses still have to be listed, these of course show in theirs Yertheilang has already seen the highly advanced desolation and destruction Expansion of Arcadia towards the eastern landscapes.

VII. The organization of federal money.

The official names.

When dealing with the Achaean coins one has again and always tries in the same unsuccessful way to get into it the federal strategists ^). If such an attempt should have been discouraged, that the re-election of the same person for the position of strategist It was common practice in the association to have a control for the Admitting coin series but only then give the official's name could, if at the same time, as was done in Athens, a To devregov^ to xqUov ascribed, or perhaps by year- Changing symbols indicate the year in office of the person in question offices, it also emerged that that not the strategist, but the xoivbg yQafifJLatavg as eponymous official acted, which is then shown on the coins would have to look for. Alone, as far as it is now possible Identifying official names is a different procedure. been common.

As far as silver money is concerned, there are: the 10 full names known so far on Elian coins four^), which represent the distinguished Elian

8. 320); Alea, Her&a, Kaphyä, Kleitor, Mantinea, Megalopolis, Orchomenos, Phe- neos, Phialia, Psophis, Tegea, Thelpasa; Korioth, Paträ, Dyme.

1) First at Bayer, Comment. Aead. Petropol. T.V, p. 372, waved sick already EckhelN am. Vet. p. 115 a. Doctor II, p. 230 explained; treated later Warren federal coinage p. 45, F. Lenormant decides for local authorities HistoJre de la monnaie UI, p. 75 f.

2} A ^AnoXXmvtOi is ^coxdZo; under Nero (inscriptions from Olympia, Ar- cheol. Ztg. 37, p. 59 n. 242), and probably identical to the 'iiiroAiaSi^iOc *AnoXlwviov (Arch. Zeit. 35, p. 39 n. 40 and n. 336). An *AnolX(&viog Movaalov to the Olympias 224 (Arch. Zeit. 38, 8. 59 n. 349). — "Eniinxos anoy^ofpo^os in Olympias 190 (Arch. Zeit. 37, 8. 57 n. 240). ^ari/uoc 'lovytos ^EniyiMOS^ »tOHolos under Neio

Dm Mänfwesan dtt Aeh&ischen Bund. 233

belong to a bad group that still dominated the priesthood late in the Ice Age. manage offices related to the Olympics. But in Dyme the two return Monograms of official names of a federal coin on the Reverse of an autonomous copper coin ^J of this city again.

Among the official names of the Achaean Eupfergeld is in Ai^os 4>AHNOZ also on the simultaneous autonomous trioboles of this city (see p. 253) can be found in Messene AESIAZ the autonomous Eupfergeld^)^ which corresponds to the federal coins there immediately precedes.

The names given here should be enough to explain it show that what is on the Eupfergeld as well as on the silver Federal money appears in civil servant names, only to the respective ones Local officials can be obtained.

Under such control it has become possible regardless of the numerous small ones with the right to mint designated places to preserve the federal coin. The silver is like already mentioned with weak reduction of the younger one Aeginean Triobols of normal 2.85 pronounced, as is the case with An- It was common practice in the Peloponnese at the beginning of the 3rd century. On the There is little fluctuation in the weighings To put weight, because of three pieces of the same stamp Elis with the name of Kallmnog (in Berlin Eabinet): 2.99, 2.33, 2.06, the first mentioned weight is also the highest in proven at all in these series of coins. Between the trio Bolen of the first federal coinage and those of the second There is a weight difference, although not significant there the weights are between 2.78 and 2.66, although one

(Arch. Zeit 36, p. 101 n. 171). ~ KalXinnoi Jliiaavog, in the 1st century AD. (Areb. Zeit. 36, 8. 191 n. 94). KdkXmrrof ygafAfiauvs (ib., n. 99), »toxolos Olympias 190 (Areb. Zeit. 37, 8. 67 n. 240). — Oaliagxog JüairiQ^x^v, winner in l. Jabrb. d. (Areb. Zeit. 36, p. 42 n 49). Mebr names are not naehza wise, since the lists of the Olympic priestly personnel found are up to a low level. Stäeke belong to the imperial era, and those on honorary and victorious papers of the 4th to 2nd century gates coming from the gates are few in number.

1) See Mönzkatalog 8. 346.

2) Mionoel II, 910, n. 18. Leake, Num. Hell. Eur. Greeee p. 74.

17*

234 R. Because:

has to be cleared, that only a very limited area is required for this purpose number of copies is weighed. One in the recent pre- The gradual reduction that has been carried out at least has at least did not take place to the extent that Finlay assumes. The Weights of Mantinea silver band range from 2.47 to 2.32, those of Antigoneia, later than the year 222, between 2.49 and 2.10. The weight fluctuations are the smallest in the coins of Paträ, Dyme, Sikyon and Corinth. The Weights of the federal silver of Lakedaemon between 2.47 - 1.95, from Messene between 2.47 - 2.19, from Elis between 2.49 - 2.04 (in the older series), - whereby the lower dishes of the ones in front of me lying copies consistently the sequence more or less strong Yemutzang, can therefore be ignored - show that in the years 192 and 191 these three landscapes joined the alliance, the reduction of the coin, if such a thing has taken place at all, only an extreme one has been low, and the most recent series teaches the same thing of Elian coins with the magistrate's name spelled out The weight corresponds completely to the previous series.

That on the Eupfergeld of Antigoneia, Pellene and, if Sestini read correctly, also from Thelpusa under the right XI attributed to the hand of Zeus has Lambros, journal. f. Numism. n. 167 f. as a value symbol for x^^^^^ ^^*«. Confederation silver coins from Messene also bear the letters XP; If this should also be a value symbol, then the x^^^ovg must be viewed as a unit of account^ and the copper coin either the fifth or the eighth part of the silver form a piece; But I don't ignore the fact that both tariffs encounter significant difficulties. At the federal Coin of the 1st period has two types of copper compared to silver money (half and whole pieces) opposite, so that abo is included in the tariff a change was made later. Also if the valuation of the copper money assumed here Should prove to be wrong, in any case the copper was very good essential position in the Achaean federal money,

The MÜDzwesen of the Ach&ischen band. 235

Half of the federal members were on the mark of copper, and it was all the more necessary small cantons to issue more coins which would have damaged the credit of the larger cities.

An insight into the handling of the coinage ratios Federal grants a settlement located in Dyme, today's Kato-Achaia. Finding inscription in the first publication of J. Martha (Bulletin de Correspondance Hell^nique 11. (1878 p. 98) incomplete- constantly played back does not allow the content to be recognized, and that's why follows here after my copy. The inscription plate made of white According to imten, marble is described as very irregular where also the letters through the use of the stone as a staircase are heavily worn, the left edge is completely worn. broken, on the other hand the inside at the top as well as at the bottom writing completely^).

KOAOY4>IAOKAE02 'Eni &e6\x6lov 0doxXiog^

MATISTAAAMOKPI yQa^^iiaTioza Ja^oxQi-

APXOYKAEriNOS toi;, ßovX\dQXov KXiwvog

K.nOAI2KATEKPIN tovgöß]a noXig xarixQive

DY0TIIEP04>nPE0N 5 ^ayarjor, location UQoqxjiQeov MIZMAEKOPTONXAA xal v6]f4iafia txonzov xcc^'

DPAIKinNAEITEANTI xovv, &\Q(fxUova etTS 'Avti- ONOMAAYTniEZTI ... ovo^a avz(p iatiy

"INTONXPYZOXOON ...tiv top xpvaoxooy, ANIONHEIPANTAAAE 10.. aviov ij ei navTaU[a)v^) IHEITIAAAOONOMA ain;(ia]fl el ti allo ovofia,

2XOAAONMOSXOAAOY xai Mo]ax6Jiaov Moaxokdov. 4>ANE02BOYAAPXOY 'Eni Jafio]q>dveog ßovXaQXOv

"•lAAAZAPOMA ... Ulag jQOfia'

M A P X O Y II A E A Ib ini ßov]ldQxov ») Odia

MAZOAYMPIXOY . . . ag "OkvfAnixov

1) The letters show weak apices; the omicron and omega something smaller than the other letterseo, alpha in lines 11 and 12 three times with ge broken middle line, sigma continuous ^ still ^ .

2) Tyl/lEi Martha.

3) yiAPXüY'. Martha.

236 R- Because:

A gang of counterfeiters, consisting of two locals, one of whom is a goldsmith, and two of whom are not Certainly known people by name, anyway Strangers made copper coins, not subaerates, because these were considered silver and would then have a more precise designation nung^) and becomes the one for coin offenses usual punishment'), sentenced to death. The word- according to the judgment oti i€QO(p(jiQeov[xai vo]f4iafia kxomov (or l€Qog>iOQiav[teg vo]i4iOfia exoTtrov) leaves a double explanation zvu Either the convicts around them have this for their work To obtain the necessary metal, it was stolen from a temple and it could be a theft of something sacred Devices would then be considered to be in addition to counterfeiting another special crime of hierosyly to be charged. Or, and this is the view of my friend Gustav Hirschfeld in Königs- berg, who, without having knowledge of my copy, read the contents the document had recognized after the first publication: false Coining as such was considered a sacrilege; but now there Sacrifice that does not directly affect the gods can hardly be considered a temple crime. could be described as robbery, this would lead to that counterfeiting causes direct damage to rights of the sanctuary was connected, and it would then become the Lischrift provide documentary evidence of what was originally there

1) The close relationship between mint workers and goldsmiths in the Auerttum is based not only on the relationship of their nature, but also on the fact that that the production of the manzens is occasionally transferred from the state to private individuals. prize has been given, although it is more easily misused than in public offices. The men's studios and goldsmiths workshops in Antioch are in the same part of the city (Polyb. XXVI 10, 3 at Athens V, p. 193), and in Smyma there is an avy^gynalu rtüy ttffyvQoxonuy xal /ot;oo/oaii/ (G. J. Gr. n. 8154). Compare Ms. Lenormant: La monnaie dans rantiquiti III, p. 247 «.

S) According to the arat^gt^ ttißJfiXoi — — kaitoitxQvaminiyot in the Parthenonarkanden, Michaelis Parthenon p. 298 f.

3) Demosth. Lept. 167. Demosth.Timocr.,212- 314. Detectable in writing in the coin yield between Kitylene and Phokiia: Newton Transactions of R. S. of liters. VIII, p. 549. Blass Hemies XIII, 382 ff.

You mfim being of the AchUshan band. 237

ZoBammenhang of coinage with the shrines E. Cnrüns in the monthly reports of the Berlin Academy 1869, P. 470 has proven.

That the judgment fell during the time of the Achaean covenant, However, it cannot be proven directly. The date of the document does not happen according to the ygafifiotevg of the covenant, but according to the d'eoMolng of Dyme, but the same dating can be found also applied in the list of adopted new Citizens of Dyme (Bullet, de Corr. Hellen. II. p. 41), which after its content can only be placed in the time when the covenant still existed^). The other officials named in the prescript, the ßovloQxog and the yQa^t^iatiotagj or as it appears in other dy- m&ical documents is called yQafafiaTiatag twv dafioaiog>vJiax(ov^)^ are the local officials who function during the time of the federal government. So- According to this, coin offenses were not dealt with by the Buudesgericht (to xata tfififp^ov dixaat^Qiov), but by the individual federal cities, where they fell, to be tried. The four final lines of the Inscription from the version of the deed in the Construction out, are what can also be seen from the arrangement of the lines results by pushing lines 14 and 15 much closer together are as the last two lines, apparently a subsequent addition. Ans the term of office of two other Bularchen ') which every six months changed, it seems that the names of two verdicts attached, who were accused of similar coin offenses fell; since these convictions are not that far apart in time can lie, the business of counterfeiting must then be in Dyme have bloomed. The nature of their offense is unclear

1) It was retained at the beginning of the Roman period Corp. Inscr. Qraec. I, n. 1643.

9) So Bullet, de Coneep. Hellen. II, 41. As here, however, as ygafifiatlatat next to the ßovluQxoi and the ngoatatag ^aftoatoipvlaxtiir mentioned in the Certificate also submitted by Martha to the Dyme Bnllet. II, 95.

8) In line 18 BOYAAPXOY nnd ^lia in line 16 entopically as Yater- It is not necessary to use the name, as the name is mentioned in the documents of this area of the official is mentioned without the father's name.

A

238 R.WeU:

Of course, given the brevity of the verdict, nothing can be found, and just as little about whether it can be enforced at all arrived, or whether the condemned had found time to escape come; because even if otherwise it is usually just judgments on stone be entered where the perpetrator could not be reached, so According to the version of the Dymaean inscription, it would be quite likely that bar that the city was federally required to make judgments to publish sayings of this kind.

The Moni weton dei Achüseheii Bund. 239

Coin directory.

The coins of the Achaean League are more recent been treated professionally, although since the publication of the Works by Leicester Warren in his Federal Coinage p. 44 ff. and Numismatic Chronicle 1864 p. 77 ff., as well as that of Finlay Numismatic Chronicle 1866 p. 21 a number of new pr&g If the federal government became known, it was not that Reproduction of the existing material, leading to a new one processing of these coins, but the fact that that since Cousin^ry's Essai sur les monnaies de la ligue Oh^nne has only limited himself to the Eupfergeld of the Federal. With silver money, however, the allocation to the individual mints face difficulties, but the path must be taken Cousinöry's approach is considered to be the right one. At The difficulties were in processing the Alexander coins Essentially the same for the allocation to the individual mines; Although the results obtained there are by no means through, commonly secured, in fact some can still be done Assign pieces left indefinite to their mint^ whereas others whose allocation was previously considered certain are divorced; but the treatment of the Alexander coins, like them L. Müller gave the guarantee of correctness for a similar procedure with the silver money of the Achaean League. If the local extent of the embossing is smaller, listen This also includes those that are so characteristic of the Alexander coin Factory differences occur. Based on the art style, there would be an order can no more be carried out than with the one with an official's name vci*seecn silver money of Athens.

..■!

240 R. Because:

Unfortunately it wasn't possible for me^ except for the Berlin one Coin cabinet and the one in Gotha that Mr. Hofirath gave me Pertsch made it accessible with great liberality to look through more collections for my work; only that Richness with which the rubs of the Achaean covenant in the local Eabinet^ this has become less noticeable- let shine. The ones that come into consideration here are: Acquisitions from Prokesch's collection, which lasted for many years be the completion of these series in his collection had focused attention. In some cases they were able to get through written communications where doubtful points can be resolved, for which I met Mr Fabretti in Turin, Mr Gardner in London, Imhoof-Blumer in Winterthur, Postolakas in Athens, Riggauer in I would like to express my thanks to Munich.

I. AeHere Series.

Federal coins without Staidtnaaien.

1. Zeus head decorated with the laurel wreath r. of good style Rf. large monogram composed of A and X (plate YII)^) in the hanging laurel wreath. Ar. 27,. Weight 2.66. Berlin. British Museum (Gardner, Num. Chron. AtlJ plate 7 n. 4) Leake Num. Hell. Eur. Greece p. 2. Gousin^ry Essai histor. et crit. sur les monnaies de la ligue Ach^enne p. 28 pl. I n. 1.

2. Zeus head right. RF. Likewise. Ae. 274. Berlin.

1} The arrangement of the MoDognimn on plates YII and VIII follows NumuierD of the Müngverzeichniesas.

You MQüiweten the Achüschen Bondes. 241

8. Likewise. Rf. Same monogram in the raised wreath. Ae. 2~2V,. Berlin (Prokesch).

4. Head of Zeus 1. with long curls, behind it OEYA Rf. Same Monogram in a hanging pointed wreath. Ae. 2*/^. Berlin. cousin^ry pl. I n. 2 cl. 1.

5. Zen head right, rough work R/. Same monogram underneath an acorn (?), in an arranged laurel wreath. Ae. S'/t* Berlin (Prokesch).

6. Zeus head right. R/. Monogram below 4> (Plate VII). Ae 4-3 Athens (Univ.) Berlin (Prokesch).

Except for anything related to those described here The following silver coins are available:

Female head 1. (nymph or localheroine). RF AXAIXIN Palks with his spear drawn, his shield in the forward left 1. striding wide. Ar3 Weight 2.54. Brit. Museum. — 2.70. Copenhagen. Likewise Drachma 5.16 (yemutzt). Imhoof. The first mentioned Triobolion, already mentioned earlier in War- rens Federal Goinage p. 34, note 4, which dates back to soon after Wanted to put 280, P. Gardner Num. Chron. 1873 p. 182 again treated and depicted there on plate 7 n. 4. Imhoof, and Likewise, Gardner also now shares these coins with the Phthiotics Oh and yes, this embossing (from the 4th year) has to be hundred) of those documented in this journal, Volume I, p. 175 ▼be gone.

1) Uotor the crane is shown here and in all following ünnibeeehribnogen teratands, since the two doubts are turned upwards, the place where the same zoaammeDgebmiden are, but down in the middle of the Mänxe fills hanging crane at the top so that the binding point is at the top. finds and the branches are turned downwards. The elster one can be found in the Jingeiwn series nnr on the islands of Keryneia, Sikyon, Arges and unified on that of Corinth.

246 R- Because:

the Helikeer^ find, it follows that Eeryneia also care of the Helician Poseidon cult.

Patr.

1. Zeus head r. Rf, monogram (plate VU) in the arranged dönnen Eranz; above the symbol: the dolphin r. Ar 2Vs- Weight 2.52. Berlin (Prokesch). Cousin^ry Warren Num. Chron. 1864 pl. 4 A.I.

2. Likewise, good job. Rf, Monc^amm (Plate VII). Below the symbol: the dolphin r. (also at [n. 3-10). Ar S*/?- Weight 2.43. Berlin. Mionnet U 153 n. 31.

3. Likewise r. Rf. Monogram (Plate YII). Ar 3. Gousin^ry pl.n.

4. Zeus head right. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Weight 2.38. Berlin. Mionnet 11 152 n. 21.

4 a. As well. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Weight 2.53 Berlin.

5. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 2'/,. Weight 2.36. Berlin.

6. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Weight 2.39. Berlin (Prokesch).

7. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Cousinery pL 11 n. 15.5. Berlin.

8. Likewise. RF monogram (Plate VII). Ar2,^U. Weight 2.28. Berlin (Prokesch). See Mionnet II 157 n. 71.

9. Likewise. RF monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Berlin (Pro- kesh).

10. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Weight 2.38. •Berlin. Mionnet IE 157 n. 75.

11. Zena head r. Rf. monogram, below: dolphin 1. (also n. 12). (Plate VII). Ar 2%. Weight 2.355. Berlin (Prokesch).

1) J. Friedlaender, Archaeol. Newspaper 1861 p. 217. Compare magazine f. Nomismatics VII 361 ff.

DiB HötiKiMea de« Acbäiti^h«n Buodes. 247

12. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 2'/,. Weight 2.48. Berlio.

13. Likewise. RF monogram; onteü Delphin r. (Plate VII) in hanging Enuz. Ar 2'/,. Weight 2.40. Berlin (Prokesch). For D. 11, 12, 13 the attribution according to Fatra is doubtful.

— Apple coins have not yet appeared.

Fellene.

1. Zen head r. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII) in the upright wreath; below the symbol: the lyre (also at n. 2). Ar 3. Athens. Berlin weight 2.41.

2. Likewise. Rf. M

3. Likewise. RF monogram; below the symbol: vessel. (Plate VII). Ar 3. Athens.

The monogram of the city name fE has the same stalt older autonomous copper coins from Pellene (Leake Nun. HeU. Suppl, p. 139) and the tetradrachms minted there Alezanders. ' At the symbol untei«(^eidet Postolakas □. 3 Tone the previous one, it forms a bottle-like shape there Vessel with a thin neck and 2 large curved handles, n. 1 and 2, on the other hand, show a lyre, which is one of the well-known ApoUotypes of Pellene paeet

^eANir

noz.

Ae 4. Munich (Sestini tav. H n. 25) Leake (Numiem. Hell Ear. p. 4).

H(y B* Because:

of HelikeerO, it follows that Eeryneia also requires care of the Helician Poseidon Kolt.

Patr.

1. Zeos head r. Rf, monogram (plate TU) in the upright thin wreath; above the symbol: the dolphin r. Ar 2 Vi* Weight 2.52. Berlin (Prokesch). Cousin^ry Warren Num. Chron. 1864 pl. 4 A.I.

2. Likewise, good job. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Below the symbol: the dolphin r. (also at [n. 3-10). Ar S'/s- Weight 2.43. Berlin. Mionnet 11 153 n. 31.

3. Likewise r. Rf. Monogram (Plate YII). Ar 3rd cousin^ry pl.n.

4. Zeus head right. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Weight 2.38. Berlin. Mionnet 11 152 n. 21.

4 a. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Weight 2.53

Berlin. 6. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar2V,. Weight 2.36.

Berlin.

6. Likewise. R/. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Weight 2.39. Berlin (Prokesch).

7. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Cousiniry pl. 11 n. 15.5. Berlin.

8. Likewise. RF monogram (Plate VII). Ar 2»/4. Weight 2.28. Berlin (Prokesch). See Mionnet 11 157 n. 71.

9. Likewise. RF monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Berlin (Pro- kesh).

10. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Weight 2.38. •Berlin. Mionnet IE 157 n. 75.

11. Zen head r. Rf monogram, below: Delphin 1. (also n. 12). (Plate VII). Ar 2%. Weight 2.355. BerUn (Prokesh).

1) J. Friedlaender, Archaol. Newspaper 1S61 p. 217. Compare magazine f. Nomismatics VII 361 ff.

^

The HÖDtwMeii you Achsüchen äuadm. 247

12. Likewise. Rf. monogram (plate Yü), Ar 2'/,. Weight 2.48. Berlin.

13. Likewise. RF monogram; onteji dolphin r. (Plate VII) in hanging Enmz. Ar 2'/f wt. 2.40. Berlin (Prokesch). For n. 11, 12, 13 the attribution according to Palra is doubtful.

— Eupfer coins have not yet appeared.

Pellene.

1. Zeas head r. Rf. monogram (plate VH) in the au%erted wreath; tmten the pickle: the lyre (also at n. 2). Ar 3. Athens. Berlin weight 2.41.

2. Likewise. R/. Mtmogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Athens.

3. Likewise. RF monogram; below the symbol: Vessel. (Plate VII). Ar 3. Athens.

The monogram of the city name fB has the same stalt older autonomous Eupfermünsen from Pellene (Leake Niun. Bright. Suppl. p. 139] and the tetradrachms minted there Alexander's. ' When it comes to the symbol, Postolakas n. 3 distinguishes Tone the previous one, it forms a flat-like shape there Vessel with a neck and 2 large curved handles, n. 1 and 2 show a lyre, which is one of the well-known Apollo types from Pellene fits.

^eANir no2.

Ae 4. Munich (Sestini tav. H n. 25) Leake (Numism. HeU. Enr. p. 4).

246 R- Because:

the Helikeer^) find^ it follows that Eeryneia also care of the Helician Poseidon Kolt

Patr.

1. Zeus head r. Rf, monogram (plate VU) in the upright thin wreath; above the symbol: the dolphin r. Ar 2Vf Weight 2.52. Berlin (Prokesch). Cousin^ry Warren Num. Chron. 1864 pl. 4 A.I.

2. Likewise, good job. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Below the symbol: the dolphin r. (also at [n. 3-10). Ar SVs Weight 2.43. Berlin. Mionnet II 153 n. 31.

3. Likewise r. Rf. Monogram (Plate YII). Ar 3. (Toiisin^ry

pl. n.

4. Zeus head right. Rf, monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Weight 2.38. Berlin. Mionnet II 152 n. 21.

4 a. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Weight 2.53 Berlin.

5. Likewise. Rf. Monogranmi (Plate VII). Ar 2Vf. Weight 2.36. Berlin.

6. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Weight 2.39. Berlin (Prokesch).

7. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Aj 3. CousinAry pL 11 n. 15.5. Berlin.

8. Likewise. RF monogram (Plate VII). Ar 2»/*. Weight 2.28. Berlin (Prokesch). See Mionnet 11 157 n. 71.

9. Likewise. RF monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Beriin (Pro- kesh).

10. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 8. Weight 2.88. •Berlin. Mionnet 11 157 n. 75.

11. Zeus head right. Rf. monogram, below: dolphin 1. (also n. 12). (Plate VII). Aj 2%. Weight 2.355. Berlin (Prokesch).

1) J. Friedlaender, Archaol. Newspaper 1S61 p. 217. Comparison« dam ZdtsehriK f. Namiamatik VII 361 ff.

The HäDCif of the Achaean League. 247

12. Ebeoso. Rf. Monogram (Plate VD). Ar 2'/,. Weight 2.48. Berlin.

1.1. As well. R/. Monogramio ; bottom dolphin r. (Plate VII) in hanging wreath. Ar 2'/i- wt. 2.40. Berlin (Prokesch), For n. 11, 12, 13 the attribution according to Paträ is doubtful.

— Eupfermanzene have not yet appeared.

Pellene.

1. Zen head r. Ä/. Monogram (Plate VII) in the upright wreath; below the symbol: the lyre (also at n. 2). Ar 3, Athens. Berlin weight 2.41.

2. Likewise. Bf. Mcmogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Athens.

3. Likewise. RF monogram; below the symbol: vessel. (Plate VII). Ar 3. Athens.

The monogram of the city name IE has the same

Cold older autonomous copper coins from Pellene (Leake Num,

Bright. Suppl. p. 139) and the tetradrachms minted there

Alexander». ' When it comes to the symbol, Postolakas distinguishes n, 3

Tone the previous one, it forms a flask-like shape there

Vessel with a thin neck and 2 large curved handles,

n. 1 and 2, on the other hand, show a lyre, which is one of the well-known ones

Apollo types from Pellene fits,

ASANin Zeus 1. j^Qj vertical Rf. Demeter AXAlflNnE AAANEflN

Ae 4. Munich (Sestini tav. II d. 25) Leake (Nnmism. Hell. Enr. p. 4).

18

248 R. Because:

5. Likewise APXEMA behind the Zeas, 1. below XI. RF, Demeter AXAinNnE AAANerin. Warren (Num. Chron. 1864 p. 83. pl. 2 n. 3). Ae 4. Berlin. Paris.

Of the four remaining ancient Achaean cities: Bura^ Leantion^ Phara^ Triteia, there are no band coins available yet seems to have come.

Sicyon.

1. Zeus head right. m. long curly hair, /{/l monogram (plate YU) in the hanging wreath; below symbol: Taube 1. Ar 3. Weight 2.16 (presumed). Berlin.

2. Likewise. Rf. monogram (plate Vll) in the same wreath; below symbol: pigeon r. (also on n. 3 — 8), cousin^ry pl. n n. 17 d. 5.

3. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Weight 2.47. Berlin. Paris, Mionnet II 155 n. 54.

4. Same stamp with n. 3. Rf, monogram (Plate YII). Ayt 3. Weight 2.50. Berlin.

5. Stamp equal to e. other ex. of n. 3. Rf. monogram (Plate VH). Ar 3V,. Weight 2.43. Berlin.

6. Zeus head right. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Weight 2.47. ib. — Likewise, but P— E Ar Z^l^. Gotha.

7. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 2«/,. Weight 2.50 ib. Cf. Cousin^ry with A — E.

8. Likewise. RF monogram (Plate VII). Ar 2%. Gotha.

9. Zeus head with shorter hair. Rf monogram (Plate Vll), without symbol (also n. 10), in the hanging wreath. Ar3. Weight 2.47. Berlin.

10. Likewise. Ä/. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Weight 2.38 (severely attacked) ib.

The allocation according to Sikyon far is doubtful

11. Zeus head right. Rf. monogram (Plate VII), above three feet, in the erect olive wreath. Ar 2V4 wt. 2.54. Berlin. Paris: Mionnet 11 153 n. 38. Cousin^ry.

The common type of autonomous coins from Sikyon, which is where the name of the mints from

Da« VoDiwaseii of the Aehiiseheu Bund. 249

Taken from Sikyon, it also appears on a drachma Philip III Taabe 1. flying, and 21, both in the field goal the seated Zeus: L. Müller, Nomism. d' Alexandre pl. XXVIU 95, on the Alexander coins of Sikyon he leaves have not yet been proven.

12. Zens, Lim Felde n, probably the same monogram as aaf the silver coin n. 4. Rf. Demeter AXA inNIIKYnNinN Brit. Museum (Warren Num. Chron. 1864 pl. U n. 4). Further monogranune of the officials' names on the Hfr. f^

(Berlin), Ig (Eomnos, Num. Chron. 1866 p. 31), both published

in Jaii6tt\fiiogy H (^ft; Eomnos a. O.), B (Finlay, Num. Chron.

a. O.), A (Berlin).

PhUu.

1. Zeus left, r. behind it flAZnN. Rf. Demeter 1. AXAIAN 4>AEIA£inN Ae. 4. Leake (Num. Chron. 1864 p. 89 pl. Hl 18). Berlin. Finlay (Num. Chron. 1866 p. 32). Hederrar (Sestini tay. III n. 27). Vienna.

2. Likewise KAAI4>. Rf. Likewise AXAIXIN ci>AIA£inN. Ae4. Wieeay (Sestini p. 38 n. 36).

Eckhel's reading ^AMZIXIN on the Vienna copy of n. 1 (Num. Yet. p. 140 tab. IX n. 9 Doctr. Nnm. 11 p. 233). Sound Sestini Descr. Num. Vet p. 183 n. 8, cf. Confed. Achaic. p. 38

Kernth.

1. Zeos head r. Rj. Monogram, on the side the Koppa, here and beginning n. 2, (Plate YS) in the erected wreath. Ar 27i* Oew. 2,355. Berlin (Prokesch).

2. Likewise, good Stii Rf. monogram (Plate VII). Ar 2Vr Glev. 2.38. Other Ex. 2:48. Berlin.

3. Zen head 1. Rf monogram, above as a symbol: der Pegasos r, (Plate VII), the wreath directed sideways Ar 3*/,. Weight 2.45. Berlin. See Cousin^ry pl. I. n. 8.

4. Head of Zeus I. Rf. Monogram above: Pegasos r. (Plate VII) in the hanging wreath. Ar 3. Weight 2.38. Berlin.

244 R. Because:

3. Likewise. A/. Monogram (Plate YII). Berlin. Ar 3. Weight 2.58.

4. Likewise. Rf, monogram (Plate VII). Berlin. Ar 2Vt. Weight 2.28 (dark holes).

5. Likewise. RF monogram (lafel YII). Ar 3. Warren, Num. Chron. 1864 pl. 4 n. 11.

6. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Berlin. Ar 3. Weight 2.27. Submission Journal for Numismatics YII. Plate VIII n. 5. Catal. ^ecl. I 164 n. 3972.

7. Zeaskopf r., 1 Ex. aas same stamp as n. 5. Rf. Mono- gram (Plate YII). Ar 3. Weight 2.38. Berlin; shown Magazine f. Num. VII Plate YHI n. 4. Paris. ' (Mionnet U 154 n. 40. Suppl. IV 2 n. 4). Gotha.

8. Head of Zeus right, with straight hair. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Weight 2.25. Berlin. Paris, Mionnet II 154 n. 46.

9. Likewise. RF monogram (plate VU). Berlin (Prokesch). Ar 8. Weight 2.455. Mionnet S. IV. 2 n. 5.

10. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Berlin (Prokesch).

Ar 3. Weight 2.23. Mionnet p. IV 2 n. 7.

Prokesh was the first to determine the correct number of these coins (Memoranda of the Vienna Academy 1859, Inedita p. 18), He is followed by A. Postolakas, Synopsis nummorum veterum p. 42 and L. Warren, Num. Chron. 1864 p. 94. The elder of Gousin^ry Essay p. 30 rulers to Aegina have recently joined B. V. Head, Guide to the select Greek and Roman coins, London 1880 p. 78 n. 28.

The broad fish, which forms the city's coat of arms here, is the reverse type of Dyme's autonomous mfinzen Magazine f. Number VII 865 £ has been proven. The federal Coins from Dyme closely follow those minted there Alezander coins with the symbol of the head facing downward facing fish and the monogram of the city name, which sometimes appears as J, sometimes as S (AYM). That the first mentioned autonomous coins from Dyme at least partly (a. O. p. 366 n. 1, 2) precedes the Alexander coinage

Dm tfnniwMen d«« Aohiitcben Bandes. 245

Having flown mBssea, this can be seen as a foregone conclusion. — What remains striking is the great agreement between the civil servants and

mQBograms on n. 6 of the dymean BuDdesmOiizeii with the Antonomen EapfermOnse (above p. 366 n. 3 plate VIII n. 3), for&r which the assumption of simultaneity with the former came in some cases his villages. This is true for the ancient Ach&ian cities Torl&nfig the only example, that autonomous money, namely Copper, in addition to the federal money, was reported. 11. Zeus 1., R/. Enthroned Demeter I. AXAIHN MMAIAN. Ae 4'/,. Berlin (Prokeech).

Kerjneia. ). Zeus head r. R/. Monogram (Plate VII) in the bottom wreaths; below the epithet: Trident I. directed (also also with n- 2 and 3). Ar 2%. Weight 2.51. Berlin.

2. Head of Zeus r., same stamp with n. ] . R/. Monogram (Plate VII) in the hanging wreath. Ar 3 wt. 2.28. ib.

3. Zen head r.. different stamp. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII) 1. in the same wreath. Ar 2V|. Weight 2.82. Berlin (Prokesoh).

4. Zeus 1., in the field of M. . Rf. Enthroned Demeter I. AXA lAN KAPYNE (in paragraph:) AN. Ae 3'/,. Athens (UniT.). Finla; Num. Chron. 1866 p. 81.

The monogram of the silver coins is to be resolved into KAPY Pausaniss discovered a shrine to Poseidon in Keryneia his description of the city does not. But Kerjneia was like that Curtius Peloponnese I 467 proves only the "stronghold" of the dee Helike made famous with his Poseidonion. Only after the under- After Helikes 373, Keryneia became an independent city become; but if, as the above coins show, that The symbol of the Poseidon city coat of arms is what we see on the coins

246 R* Because:

the Helikeer^), it follows that Eeryneia also cares of the Helician Poseidon cult

• ■

Patr.

1. Zeus head r. Rf, monogram (plate YII) in the upright thin wreath; above the symbol: the dolphin r. Ar 2Vf Weight 2.52. Berlin (Prokesch). Cousin^ry Warren Num. Chron. 1864 pl. 4 A.I.

2. Likewise, good job. Rf. Monogram (Plate YII). Below the symbol: the dolphin r. (also at ;n. 3-10). Ar SVs Weight 2.43. Berlin. Mionnet 11 153 n. 31.

3. Likewise r. Rf. Monogram (Plate YII). Ar 3. Gousinöry

pin.

4. Zeus head right. Rf. Monogram (Plate YII). Ar 3. Weight 2.38. Berlin. Mionnet 11 152 n. 21.

4 a. As well. Rf. Monogram (Plate YII). Ar 3. Weight 2.53 Berlin.

5. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate YII). Ar 2Vs. Weight 2.36. Berlin.

6. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate YII). Ar 3. Weight 2.39. Berlin (Prokesch).

7. Likewise. RF monogram (Plate YII). Ar 3rd cousin^ry pL 11 n. 15.5. Berlin.

8. Likewise. RF monogram (Plate YII). Ar 2V4. Weight 2.28. Berlin (Prokesch). Ygl. Mionnet 11 157 n. 71.

9. Likewise. RF monogram (Plate YII). Ar 3. Berlin (Pro- kesh).

10. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate YII). Ar 3. (Leviticus 2,38. -Berlin. Mionnet 11 157 n. 75.

11. Zen head r. Rf, monogram, bottom: dolphin 1. (also n. 12) (Plate YII). Ar 2%, wt. 2.355. BerUn (Prokesh).

1) J. Friedlaender, Archaeol. Newspaper 1861 p. 217. Compare MagazineC f. Numismatics VII 361 ff.

The HäDEWMan you AchaeiMhcn BudiIm. 247

12. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate YII). Ar 2V>- wt. 2.48. Berlin.

13. Likewise. RF monogram; nntrn dolphin r. (Plate YII) in hanging wreath. Ar 2Vi* wt. 2.40. Berlin (Prokesch). For n. 11, 12, 13 the attribution according to Paträ is doubtful.

— EupfermSnzeD have not yet appeared.

Pellwe.

1. Zen head r. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII) in the upright wreath; nnen the epithet: the lyre (also at n. 2). Ar 3. Athens. Berlin weight 2.41.

2. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate YII). Ar 3. Athens.

3. Likewise. R/. Monogram; nent the epithet: vessels. (Plate VU). Ar 3. Athens.

The monogram of the StadtD&mens JE is in Reicher Ge- stalt older autonomous caper coins from Pellene (Leake N

KBsmn noi.

Ae 4. Some (Sealini tav. II n. 25) Leake (Nni Enr. p. 4).

246 ^ Because:

the Helikeer^), it follows that Eeryneia also cares of the Helician Poseidon cult

Patrft.

1. Zeus head r. R/. Monogram (plate Vü) in the arranged thin Eranz; above the symbol: the dolphin r. Ar 2^1^. Weight 2.52. Berlin (Prokesch). Cousin^ry Warren Num. Chron. 1864 pl. 4 A.I.

2. Likewise, good job. Rf. Monogram (Plate YII). Below the symbol: the dolphin r. (also at ;n. 3-10). Ar S'/s« Weight 2.43. Berlin. Mionnet 11 153 n. 31.

3. Likewise r. Rf. Monogram (Plate YII). Ar 3. Cousinöry pl.n.

4. Zeus head right. Rf, monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Weight 2.38. Berlin. Mionnet 11 152 n. 21.

4 a. As well. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Weight 2.53 Berlin.

5. Likewise. R/. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 2'/,. Weight 2.36. Berlin.

6. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Weight 2.39. Berlin (Prokesch).

7. Likewise. Rf, monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3rd cousin^ry pL II n. 15.5. Berlin.

8. Likewise. RF monogram (Plate VII). Ar 2V4. Weight 2.28. Berlin (Prokesch). See Mionnet 11 157 n. 71.

9. Likewise. Rf monogram (board VE). Ar 3. Berlin (Pro- kesh).

10. Likewise. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Weight 2.38. •Berlin. Mionnet 11 157 n. 75.

11. Zeus head right. Rf monogram, below: dolphin 1. (also n. 12) (Plate VII). Ar 2%. Weight 2.355. BerUn (Prokesh).

1) J. Friedlaender, Archaeol. Zeitunfj^ 1861 p. 217. Compare magazine f. Nomismatics VII 361 ff.

The UönioMBii dos AchiiichsD BuodM. 247

12. Likewise. Rf. Monogranun (Plate VII). Ar 2'/,. Weight 2.48. Berlin.

13. Likewise, RJ. Monogram antfm dolphin r. (Plate VII) in hanging wreath. Ar 2'/,. Weight 2.40. Berlin (Prokesch). For n. 11, 12, 13 the attribution according to Fatra is doubtful.

— Enpfer coins have not yet appeared.

Pellene.

1. Zen head r. Rf. Monogram (Plate VII) in the upright wreath; below the symbol: the lyre (also at n. 2). Ar 3. Athens. Berlin weight 2.41.

2. Likewise, fi/. Monogram (Plate VII). Ar 3. Athens.

3. Likewise, ^f. Monogram; below the symbol: Geiass. (Plate VII). Ar 3. Athens.

The monogram of the city name FE has the same

Older autonomous cape nuns from Pellene (Leake Nun.

Bright. Suppl. p. 139) and the Tetradntchmen coined there

Alexander's. ' When it comes to the symbol, Postolakas n. 3 distinguishes

from the previous ones, it forms a bottle-like shape there

Vessel with a thin neck and 2 large curved handles,

n. 1 tmd 2, on the other hand, show a lyre, which is one of the well-known

Apoliotypes from Pellene fits.

AeANin Zeos 1. Q vertjcal R(. Demeter AXAIIiNRE AAANEXiN

Ae 4. Munich (Sestini tav. U n. 25) Leake (Nomism. HeU. Eor. p. 4).

18

For Troezen, Melhana and the island of Aegina, coins of the ach&ic covenant not naohzaweise. The ones so far on Troacen Silver coins related belong to Mantinea, see below p. 260; those claimed for Aegina, on the other hand, to Dyme, see above p. 244. The copper coins from Asine can only be made by the came from the Messinian city of this name, which was Argive already desolate (Pausanias II 28, 2; III 7, 4).