Zeitschrift für Numismatik, vol. 7 — 1880

1) Jessen, Schweinitz district, district. Merseburg.

H. Dannenberg, The second Brak teatenf and von Jessen. 173

The selected pieces, which in many respects The following are important:

Emperor Philip (1198-1208).

1 rider bracteate with correct inscription.

v. Posern Plate 1, 10. Götz K.M. 426. Cap K.M. IL

Plate IX, 75.

2 Large bracteate with seated scepter and double ball holding emperor. — 1 copy = 0.87 gr.

Magdeburg.

Archbishop Albert I of Kevernburg, 1205—1233.

3 AL— RT Infnlirte bust with 2 cross staffs, below a triple tower with a tower in the middle put bow. — 6 copies, together 4.15 grams, i.e Average weight 0.69 gr.

Schoenemann, On the Fatherly. Mzkde II, 37. Schoenemann (p. 28, no. 101) notes the strangeness Ellipse in the ALRT instead of ALBGRT, which is also the case elsewhere especially on Magdeburger Moritzpfennigen and some Brak- Teaten Bernhard of Saxony can be proven. But it is also, here probably for the first time, a piece with a complete Names occurred:

4 Likewise, but with ALB — 0RT. — 1 copy = 0.62 gr.

5 ALDÖR - TVA6HI (also ALL6— RTVS and ARCHI — SALV; Tower building on a triple arch, in which a cross. — 10 copies = 7.25 sizes, i.e. average cutting weight 0.72 gr.

Stenzel, Num. Stud. Plate IV, 33. • The inscriptions differ, but are due to bad ones Stamp cut as well as partly poor preservation not easy to determine. The Gerbstädter find has these Coin delivered first ; theirs from the HH. Heritage stone (to the Middle Ages. Mzgesch. d. Gf. v. Mansfeld p. 29) from Stenzel

174 H. Dannenberg,

There will be no reservations about the undisciplined allocation to Albert have; In particular, the type of the Tower building, which is by no means the city's coin which are not even possible to think about so early, exclusively own, but also the sole embossing on coins the Margraves of Brandenburg, the Dukes of Saxony, Counts of Wernigerode etc. formed.

6) ALB—QRTAS The h. Moritz with palm tree and flag. 1 copy = 0.54 gr.

Hoffmann, Ges. d. St. Magdeburg, Vol. II (Plate IV). 34.

This includes some simultaneous Moritzpfennigs,

v

namely:

7) SBÄVR— ICIVS DV The saint with sword and lance.

1 copy = 0.69 gr.

8) The saint with 2 flags, on each side on the ground a sign. — 1 copy = 0.59 gr.

9) Bust of the saint with flag and cross staff between schen 2 Tht towers, above an arch in which a Bishop's head appears. — 2 copies = 0.54 and 0.61 sizes.

10) Bust of the saint with 2 flags, below him, through a point separated between 2 arches, 2 heads, of those to the left (of the viewer), between them a tower crowned with a large cross. —

2 copies = 0.52 gr., 0.62 gr.

Leukfeld, maid. Soup. No. 20.

Halberstadt.

Bishop Friedrich IL, Grafv. Kirchberg, 1209-1236.

11) • FRGDG — . . . 8PIC • Between two towers of the Seated bishop, with crook and raised left hand (or palm branch?). — 1 ex. =0.62 gr. Plate II, No. 11.

12) +FRID The seated bishop with crook and

book. — 1 copy = 0.58 gr. Plate II, No. 12.

The second BrachteAtenfnnd from Jessen. 175

Two important coins, in this respect from the rare mints As far as I know, this bishop has only been three, but definitely different 1 ), are known.

Naumburg.

% Bishop Berthold IL, 1186 - 1206. 13) VdE-HOLDVS Ddl- The seated bishop with crooked and cross staff. — 2 copies = 0.9 gr. and 0.98 gr.

Similar to Posern XXX, 3 Quedlinburg.

14} Abbess with cross staff and tower, sitting between

2 towers. — 1 copy = 0.64 gr.

15) A saint between two towers, a head in front of him

holding, which is raised from the back with a

worked stamp is engraved.

Stenzel a. a. 0.V, 44.

I follow the HH. Heritage stone that doesn't like in the saint Mr. Stenzel sees Moritz, but Dionysius Areopagita, who, according to legend, rose again after the beheading stood and the severed head remained in place for a while carried in his hands (Erbstein a.a. 0. p. 31,.

Fegau.

Abbot Siegfried, of Rekkin, 1185 - 1224.

16) * SIFRID . . . BAS- PI0ÄWI6 Crutch cross with head, Cross, crook and key in the angles. — 1 copy = 0.85 gr. Posern 1082 plate XXXVIII, 4.

17) Similar, but with head, crown, key and lily. — In addition to 2 similar, 3 copies = 0.77 gr. 0.8 gr. 0.88 gr.

Similar Posern 1080, plate XXX Vm, 3. Abbot Heinrich IL, of Vroburg, 1224 - 1226.

18) «IN* • HB — B • PIGDVI Turtle cross with head,

Crown, crook and key. — 1 copy = 0.91 gr: Posern 1096, plate XXXVIH, 13.

1) Num. Time. 1844 p. 106, 1845 Tf. I 80, Bl. f. Mifrle Tf. 42 Nt. 15.

176 H. Dannenberf,

19} Likewise, but PIGDW and in the corners of the cross head, Crosier, lily and key. — 1 copy = 0.73 gr.

Hersfeld?

20] Seated infantryman with staff and book. Transcription ..AIONSL.. — 1 Ex. = 0.5 Gr. Mill. 38.

Similar to Posern XIII, 6. Perhaps from Abbot Ludwig (1218-1242), in Arnstadt shaped.

Brandenburg.

21) Within a double circle the bust of Margraves, a ball on each side. — 2 copies = 0.44 and 0.58 gr.

Similar to Erbstein, bracteate find at Wolkenberg No. 1 1 .

22) Standing Margrave (or Duke of Saxony?) with Flag and scepter. — 1 copy = 0.68 gr.

23) Likewise, with sword and bird. — 2 Ex. = 0.53 and 0.6 gr.

24) Two towers between 2 flags on 3 arches, below them a head.

The last 3 coins may very well be Saxon.

Saxony.

Duke Albert I, 1212 - 1260.

25) ALBQ— RTS DVX The Duke with sword and flag. 17 copies = 10.26 gr., so average weight 0.63 gr.

Plate II, No. 25. This coin is one of the most valuable of the find, as we So far only 2 script coins from Albrecht (Erbstein, Mzfd. von Trebitz 1, 17, and Stenzel, Num.Stud. P. 33, No. 37, cf. Erbstein, Mansfeld p. 29). The more certain we become of him can assign the consequent silent coin to a similar factory.

26) The Duke with sword and shield, on a bow sitting. — 1 copy = 0.7 gr.

The second bridge was found by Jessen. 177

Thuringia«

27} Large bracteate. The Landgrave, riding to the left, with Flag and lion shield, in front of him a lily, behind him 2 Tht towers. — 1 copy = 0.54 gr. Mill. 39.

28) Likewise. The landgrave on the right. riding, with flag etc. Shield, towers behind him. — 1 ex. =0.48 size. Mill. 40.

Roda.

29) Large bracteate with a cross, surrounded by stripes chen instead of the transcription. — 1 copy = 0.81 gr. Mill. 35.

Similar Posern XI, 14.

30) Likewise with 3 towers above a bar, below which a lily in a bow. — 1 copy = 0.78 gr. Mill. 34.

Similar to Posern XV, 11, but with a sword The location of the middle tower appears.

Schleiz.

31) Large bracteate with standing bull; in front of it Branch, under* it a small cross, on the edge 4 crosses. 1 copy = 0.98 gr. Mill. 39. — Similar Posern XIV, 4.

Posern (p. 193) correctly lays the Schleizer bracteates, which are all very closely related to each other, in the time of 1200 - 1230, which our find confirms. They are like the Brak Teaten von Roda, started by the dynasts of Lobdaburg.

Mail field.

32) NIC rider with flag and shield to the right, behind him This appears in the field as well as in his shield Coat of arms of the diamonds. — 1 copy = 0.61 gr. Stenzel, Num.Stud. IV, 71 ; see Erbstein, Mansfeld p.7.

leissen. Dietrich the oppressed, 1195-1221.

33) The seated margrave with a flag and a Scepter reminiscent of the Patriarch's Cross. — 1 copy = 0.99 grams! Mill. 43.

Journal of Numismatics. VII. 12

178 H. Dannenberg,

Silesia.

34) Head (of the Duke) under an eagle. — 1 copy = 0.14 gr.

35) Head between 2 flags. — 1 ex. = 0.07 gr.

36) Florets (formed by 4 rings) in a bow, across which 3 towers. — 1 ex. = 0.n size

All three of these little dances obviously belong together, and close by virtue of their apparent subtlety as well as the large thinness of the silver sheet and correspondingly small Weight (0.07 - 0.17 size I) to those who lived about 20 years ago ren excavated near Prausnitz (Militsch district, Breslau district). have been, and which in terms of weight are the next council meeting of the Rathauer (Mim. St. Pet. VI, p. 427 reveal.

Among the large amount of bracteates there are also, as in the bracteate finds from Saalsdorf, Malchow (Mekl. Jahrb. XVII; , Jessen I. and Gerbstaedt encountered some denarii, namely:

Aachen. Emperor Frederick II, 1215-1250.

37) FRQD9RI0VS Ö8S The enthroned emperor, with scepter and Imperial orb. Bf. SANTlSS K AR OL ISS church building. 1 copy = 1.34 gr. — Mader I, 52; Götz, K.M. 350:

Cappe, K.M.I, 647 ; Berl. Sheet III, 44 and 51.

Cologne. Archbishop Engelbert IL, 1216-1225.

38) QNGQLBGRTV The seated archbishop with staff and book. Bf COLONIA Three-towered church with two big flags. — 3 copies = 1.36 gr., 1.38 gr., 1.42 gr.

Cappe, Cologne. Plate XII, 198. Brandenburg.

39J Three towers above a column, next to which there are two looking heads. Officer Adler. — 1 copy = 0.89 gr. Weidhas II. 14 (but here disfigured, the heads as helmets

drawn).

The second bracteate find from Jessen. 179

From these oldest unwritten Brandenburg denarii (Weidhas II, 7-20 and III, 8, 12), which mfm the sons This is the first time I have come across this Paint someone in a find that can be used to determine the time leaves 1). The Bünstorf find 2 ) also contained something similar; the same one is approximately the same as ours. Because after 1224 The latter must be because of the bracteates of Henry II of Pegau be buried, but probably not much later, I mine around 1230, because that was the reign of the other princes represented in it, apart from the long one point out the reigning Emperor Friedrich.

Finally, I still believe in the extraordinary strong differences in weight in the different types of mint having to draw attention; because not only that Rhenish denarii, which are considered scattered, perhaps less so Come to think of it, the bracteates are all very heavy significantly surpass, the latter also show one another very different weights (from 0.07 to 0.99 gr.), so that it is impossible to consider them as equivalent in traffic. may have sought. So either the scales are above theirs Value decided, or one has, unconcerned about lesser ones Differences, the different main types, the thin ones, the big ones Thuringians and Meissners on the one hand, and the short, fat Magde- Burger and Saxony, on the other hand, are considered to be of equal value. Not impossible, of course, and this would be the third age native that the treasure was destined to be melted down, for which perhaps the desolate condition of the very numerous destroyed wrinkled copies speaks.

H. Dannenberg.

1) The Denarius Weidh. II, 16 formed the sole content of a small func- without any further addition, i.e. without the possibility of determining the time.

2) See this magazine. V, 197.

12*

A painting and a medal.

The life-size portrait painted by Mantegna. one of the adornments of our gallery, which this woodcut faithfully reproduces gives, based on the excellent History of painting in North Italy by Crowe and Cavalcaselle (I, p. 387) the Matteo Bosso, a friend of Mantegna. Of course, to speak against that is to say it there - that was an old copy that was in England or repeat an inscription on the back of the board who call someone else. This inscription is displayed like this given: Ludov. patav. S. R. E. Tit. Slaurindam. presb. card. Madia red. archiep. Flor, et patr. Aquilei. The bertthmteo ver- However, authors of the work mentioned believe this inscription should not apply, it may appear arbitrarily in modern times the copy of your picture has been written.

J. Kriedi&ender, A painting and a medal. 181

Following this view, as is natural, and they Furthermore, it has been assumed that the picture does not represent that »Louis of Padua, Cardinal-Archbishop of Florence, who Although Mantegna painted it as a result of an old message, but that Bftsso, who was Ganonicus and abbot of the abbey of Fiesole.”

However, none of these assumptions are correct. With safety It can initially be assumed that the inscription in which cher some things, especially that Slaurindatu is incomprehensible, in Truth will be something like this: LVDOVicus PATAVinus Sanc- tae Romanae Ecclesiae TITuli Sancti LAVRentii IN DAMaso PRESByter CARDinalis. MEDIAROTus ARCHIEPiscopus FLORentinus ET PATRiarcha AQVILEIensis.

This inscription, when read correctly, gives the names and title of Ludwig Mezzarota Scarampi, who under the vague name “Louis of Paduaa” remained unrecognizable.

What's more, the old news that was considered unbelievable As for Mantegna painting the Mezzarota, that is true I managed to find her. Jac. Phil. Tomasinus has 1645 published in Padua Elogia virorum illustrium, it says in a short biography of Mezzarota, Mantegna wrote him “in aedibus viri nobilis Francisci Leonis« painted.

This message is as definite as that inscription is clear from their true reading, both agree, and finally- The beautiful medal shown leaves no doubt, she calls the L(udwig Mezzarota Scarampi) patriarch of Aquileia, she only gives him his highest title because none There was room for the rest. The face is unmistakably that- same, only on the medal the mouth is closed less tightly than in the picture, so the expression of the latter is more energetic scher, the striking earlobes also match.

The painting definitely shows Mantegna 8 character, which Goethe, when he saw the frescoes of the Arena in Padua, in wonderful

182 J* Friedender, a medal and a medal.

Barely apt short words. And this beautiful picture niss is gaining even more interest as it is now proven that it's not the unfamous Bosso, but one so excellent Man like Mezzarota represents. He is a shining example the versatility that the important men, not the artist alone, characterizes that great era. First was he was personal physician to Eugene IV, but he showed so much insight and action- by virtue of being placed at the head of the papal army became; At Anghiari in Tuscany he struck the famous Con- endowed Piccinino, drove Franz Sforza out of the Mark An- cona, and defeated the Papal fleet in 1456 Turks near Lesbos. Ecclesiam restitutit, says the medal; theirs The flip side refers to his war deeds.

He was successively Bishop of Trau, Archbishop of Florence, Cardinal under the title of S. Lorenzo in Damaso (1440) and Cardinal-Bishop of Albano, Chamberlain and Chancellor of the Roman Church, finally Patriarch of Aquileia (1444). He seems to have lived and inhabited Rome almost always a palace next to his that he enlarged and expanded Titular church, which takes its name from its founder Pope Damasus leads; it is close to the theater Pompey. He died there, aged 63, in 1465. He was buried in his church; the gravestone, its inscription preserved for us only calls him Mediarotus, not Scarampus (same as the inscription of the aforementioned painting). He led otherwise both names, also the third one from Arena onwards, perhaps from the arena of his hometown?

He became a cardinal's ridicule. Called Lucullus, so big

He had accumulated wealth; After his death, Paul II moved.

these treasures.

J. Friedlaender.

One Messapian coin.

In the Bulletino delF instituto 1878 p. 173 Mr. Jatta has one unedited coin of his hometown Ruvo (Rubi) published by which he owns two copies of. She has the Tarentine ones Types equal to the well-known ones with PVBAXTEIN&N, the Pallas head r. nnd on the reverse side the owl with folded wings on a branch; but the new coin has above the Pallas header I1AATVP ; under the owl it says PV, above it a picture writing, which Mr. Jatta t AAQfcOC reads, solely according to the Unfortunately, the print he sent wasn't entirely successful If you had goodness, you could rather read K AAMOC; the M is irregular, the gap after the K is really there, it nothing is missing.

These inscriptions are not Greek but Messapic. Mr. Jatta shares that ÜAATVP is also on bricks, which are found near Ruvo; flAATOPAS occurs in a Messapic inscription (Mommsen, Unter- Italic dialects Table II, Figure 3), also the derived form nAATORRIHI can be found. Whether flAATVP, since it is above that The head of Pallas stands refers to this? According to the place You could believe it, but the word is of course further away from the Greek name as dafiazQia and anqodtta which in Messapic inscriptions called sinjl.

Another Rubi coin says the same thing over the head of Zeus rP°CE*E not rP©rE«E like

184 J* FriedUender, a Messapian coin.

Sambon, still rP*CE*E like the catalog of the British Mu- seums exist. The O is often smaller in the Messapian script than the other letters). This is completely incomprehensible, but Here, too, one would like a connection to the Zeus depicted look for the names of the gods next to their heads not entirely unheard of on Italian coins.

There's nothing wrong with the K AAMOC or whatever it's called to begin until the reading is established; but I want notice that this coin has three inscriptions: the one shortened city names, perhaps the name of the one shown Goddess, the third would probably be an official name, and "the ending og (it seems safe here) is a Messapian. We have other inscriptions that are probably also official names: EIHMAN next to the Greek APnANflN, EAAMAIRE and AOMTAAR in Salapia, and TOR in Orra.

Mr. Jatta deserves our thanks for the small Material from the Messapian coins has increased, but may it He liked a good enlarged picture of the inscription, to give.

J. Friedlaender.

The Hessian Groschen with sword and beret.

From

H. Grote.

J. Friedlaender has a Hessian one (vol. VI, p. 252). Have a picture of Groschen, which he did in his usual most glorious way Discussed in a way that is instructive and interesting and rightly so unknown explained. He was to me too, although I was his to me Incomprehensible and puzzling description already read had, namely in the report that the warden of the spice burger Bishop Lorenz von Bibra about the grist and grain of the coins circulating in Franconia at the time, resulted in remission of the coin published by the latter on November 18, 1496 Tariffs refunded. This comprehensive report, which is intended for the monetary History of many mint locations in Germany is of great interest * is, since he really has a whole coin cabinet from the end of the *v, 15th century, is printed in the “Archive of the historical schen Association of Lower Franconia« Vol. 22, p. 138. He has the Heading: “This is a copy of the sample by the master Wolffen Veytlein sworn to try and try been and worn on Monday post Michaelmas in 96, and The lead grain was removed in an eyner yden test." These include The work to be sent is therefore in the days from October 3rd to before November 18th - a laudable testimony for the Wardein's hard work! This report, by the way deserves a detailed numismatic commentary, there is

186 **• «red,

precise descriptions of the sampled coins that you can find the largest some of the originals can easily be found in coin collections can. But above all the sword and beret penny has me, precisely because of his precise description, insurmountable Difficulties have now been caused by Friedlaenders I happily overcame the communication. Master Veytlein writes this “penny,” because that is what he declares to be him, (a.a. 0. p. 144) under the heading: “Thuringian Groschen to 8 pfennig Wirezpurger" as follows: "Item Thuringian groschen, so on one side the picture of Sant Elsspeth, On yder sides a small shield, on the other sides a quartz scolds with two leblin and stars, then home and cleinot, like that 97 on the mark geen, hold 7 lot 3 quinte Vie and y 64 « . Whether- I'll do the same by making as complete a report as possible Drawing of all Hessian coins of the Middle Ages, for my benefit “Hessian money and coin history” with the Hessians Coins of this time seem to have become quite well known I was allowed to use a "Hessian" penny, - because such a “Thuringian” with St. Elisabeth and that Only a Hessian coat of arms can be comprehensibly emblazoned enough. to be shear - absolutely unknown; but I'm at peace Laender's drawing immediately appeared in the Würzburg Wardeins- reports - admittedly overlooking the most interesting part - some of the type - described pennies recognized! — After that warding, 97 of these pennies will go to those without beyond all doubt, the Würzburg mark of 238,498 was meant here Grammen (Mttnzstudien III, 38), the piece weighs 2,458 Gm. Priedlaender gives the weight of his specimen at 2,550 Gm. to, according to which the mint master, who here only has a Remedinm of 1 7 / 10 percent used in Melius, very accurate for that time coin, because I hardly believe that the Justir-Wage, theirs he used, was worked precisely enough to 9 gentigrams of excess weight that he felt he had to pass through. *

' .}

The Hessian Groschen with sword and beret. 187

The Würzburg Wardein determines the fineness on the cupelle to 7 Loth 3 Quentchen 0*/i6 RicÜtpfenning according to the older or 7 Loth 17 Grän according to the newer German Probir-Scala, what according to the latest Decim%l - Scala = 496.5 thousandths, according to which the fineness intended by the mint master salary was 8 Loth or 0.500, which is considered the legal the legally prescribed fineness can be considered. In order to be true- apparently legally required shot of the piece to be obtained average, we have to convert the Würzburger Mark to Casseler Mark, to 242,120 Gm., and then it results if that Normal weight of the penny is assumed to be 2,522 may — almost exactly the result of Friedlaender's weighing of his copy - that 96 pieces approach the Casseler mark S Loth went fine, and the piece of fine silver therefore = 1.2* Gm., at today's value of 2.27 silver groschen the thaler currency contained. — By the way, the coin is of undoubted value Authenticity, because the suspicion arouses, for the age of Coin partially incorrect drawing style of the coat of arms figures Both sides cannot be found in the completely correct original, but is only the burden of the maker of the woodcut, like me a clean and sharp tinfoil copy of the

Coin proves.

H.6.

The illustration is drawn and cut with the greatest care, it is as faithful as a non-mechanical representation can possibly be. Deviations in the smallest details are inevitable. J.F.

j'

The M Unzund from LObeck.

In February of this year it was close to Lübeck on the road that leads to Ratzeburg, half an hour from I found a coin on the Lauenburg border found an opportunity to acquire.

Although not large, because it only has 79 two-sided ones coins and 13 bracteates, this find shows relatively A moderate amount of rarities, which is why I felt compelled to include them different characteristics of the same through the following description to make known.

Lübeck.

1 ) * ÖIVITKS 8 IHP9RIKLIS * MOßaTK 8 LVBiaQIiSIS In the circle of pearls there is a sign with everything else.

the double eagle.

Minted after the Recess of 1403. 2 pieces: 0.97 gr. — 1.10 gr.

2) Likewise, but the shields above from a point between two rings and accompanied by a dot on each side.

Beaten after 1410. 2 pieces: 1.88 gr. — 0.99 gr.

Rostock.

3) *M0R8TK ROSTOKÖS * ÖIVITÄS-MÄGIIOPIL' Im

A griffin in a circle of pearls. Pearl circles a cross with a

round opening and a star in the same.

Max Schmidt, The Mönzfond Ton Lübeck. 189

4) * MonaTR s rostkcigs * öiviths § magropo

Otherwise as before.

5) * MOIiGTR : ROSTRdQS' ft dlVITRS : MKQnOPOL'

Otherwise as before.

6) The same but with * — —

7) ft MOIIQTÄ o ROSTRdGS ft dlVITRS ". MRGIM) : PO Im In the dashed circle there is a dashed circle with a cross

Griffin. four round arches pierced, in

the middle of which is a point.

8) ft MOnöTK-ROSTORdGS' ft CKVITKS - MÄGIiOPOL

Like before. Wittenpfennigs after 1381.

9) *MONGTK:ROSTORaenS *aiVITKS:MAGIK)POL Im In the circle of pearls the griffin. Pearl circles roped three times ter shield, top and bottom gridded, in the middle with a

Point. 2 pieces.

10} Same as before, but the shield on top and on the

Sides accompanied by a dot.

11) *MORGTR:ROSTORaG ÖIVITRS MKGIiOPOL

Like before.

12) M00nGTR(sic):R0S...6S' Ol VIT AS '. MKGIIOPOL

, Same as before.

1 3) * MoiiQT a: ROSTORaen * cuvitäs: mäghopol

Like before.

1 4) * moiigtä 8 ROSTORaen * ai v — itäs — nag — nop

A griffin in a circle of pearls. Continuous cross with the

Front part of a griffin mine

Angle. 2 pieces.

/

190 Max Schmidt,

15) * H0R9TH § ROSTOKda Otherwise as before.

2 pieces

16) *MORQTA8ROSTOISaOR Otherwise as before.

Wittenpfennigs after 1400.

Parchim.

17) X OIVITKS DR DWQRLQ * N0R9TÄ PKRÖhON Im In the pearl circle a crowned pearl circles a cross and in

Bull head. whose round opening is a star.

Wittenpfennig after 1381.

titstrow.

1 8) Ol VITKS DOI D9 W9RL9 NOR — 9TÄ — 6VST — ROW In the dashed circle there is a continuous cross with a

crowned bull's head. Star at an angle.

Malchin.

19) 8MORQTK MKLdhlR Im o QIVITÄS 8 DRI * D9 W9R Pearl circles a crowned In pearl circles a cross in which

Bull head. an angle a point.

0.96 gr.

Neil Brandenburg.

20) § OIVITKS 8 MÄRGROPO 8 M0R9TK o BRÄRD9PO Im In the pearl circle a crowned pearl circles a cross with each Bull head with neck fur and a star in two of its

tongue hanging out. Angle.

3 pieces

Friedland,

21) 8 M0R9TK 8 VR9D9LKR 8 OUVITÄS 8 MR6R0P0L Im In the pearl circle a crowned pearl circles a cross with round Bull head with neck fur and the opening in which a star.

tongue hanging out.

4 pieces: 0.80 - 1.25 gr.

The Lübeck Mint. 191

22, Same, only with HKGHOPOLI

4 pieces. Wittenpfennigs after 1381.

Anclam.

23 . 2 NOHGTÄ 8 TKnGLIM Im 8 DGVS 8 Iß 8 nONIRG 8 TVO

Pearl circles a ray. There is a cross in the pearl circle

a curve in the middle, in it a point.

24 y Same with a dot Same but without a dot in above the left side of the curve.

beams.

2 pieces.

25) $ H0R6TÄ : TÄRGLVM .?. BGRGDiaTVS : DGVS Im

A cross in the dashed circle of the dashed circles

Ray. with a 4 arched opening, in

the same a point; in the second Cross angle a ring.

26 o MORGTÄ TÄRGLVN Im : BGRGDiaTVS • DQVS Im dashed circles d. Beam, dashed circles a simple

a point about that. Cross.

Greifewald.

27 j 8 NORGTÄ 8 GRIPGSWOL : DK — LKV — DGH — DGO —

In the dashed circle a continuous cross, on Griffin. the same a sign with that

Coat of arms (a bar in bold firt fields;. 2 pieces.

2S As before. *DK— LKV— DGM— DGO —

Otherwise as before.

29. 8 HOIiGTR GRIPGSWO Same as No. 27.

Like before.

192 M" Schmidt,

30) M0R6TÄ GRIP9SW0L DRL — HVD — QM — DGO -

Like before. Like before.

2 pieces.

31) o M0R6TR o GRIP9SW0L *DÄ— LHV— DGM— DGO-

Like before. As before, above the shield

two rings.

2 pieces.

32) MORGTÄ GRIPGSWOLT °o° DK °o° LRVDGM °o° DGO Im

Like before. dashed circles a cross,

on the same the shield with

the coat of arms.

3 pieces.

The above Greifswald coins are of worse quality work than the other Wittenpfennigs.

Stralsund.

33) 8 H0R6TÄ 8 SVRD6RSIS 8 DGVS 8 Iß 8 ROMIRG TVO In the circle of pearls the ray, in the circle of pearls a cross, in above it two rings. whose curve is a ray.

34) * N0R6TK 8 SVRD6RSIS X DGVS : IR ". RONIRG TVO

The ray in pearl circles. In the pearl circle a cross, in

whose rounding is a star, in

a ray at an angle. 2 pieces.

35) o MORGTR o SVRD6RSIS oDGVS IRoRONIRG TVO Im

The ray in pearl circles. Pearl circles a cross with the

Beam at one angle.

36) * NORGTÄ ♦ SVRDGRSI ♦ DOVS IR RONIRG TVO

Like before. Like before.

37) *MORGTR". SVRDGRSJS # DGVS 8 IR ROHIRG TVO

Like before. Like before.

2 pieces.

38) o MORGT o SVRDGRSIS o DGV: S« IRo ROHIRG o TVO

Like before. Like before.

The Lübeck Munifund. 193

39) Similar to No. 35 but with • D0VS or IR

40) *NoneTÄ svRDensis Devs m nomna tvo im

In the pearl circle the ray. Pearl circles the beam.

41) Same as before. D9VS * Ili '.v OHIIi Y-QTV

Like before.

42) Like #40 only SVnDOiSIS

43) Like No. 40, only with - - TV

/ 7

44) iMonaTK-svnDansis dgv— sm-onn-arv—

Like before. Continuous cross with ray

in the 1st and 4th angles. 3 pieces.

45) -MonaTKtsvnDansis dgv— sn--OHn— axv—

Like before. Like before.

46) §MonaTK8svnDens im s dgvs s mg nonmaTVO

Pearl circles a large % Same idea as on the

Main page. 2 pieces.

47) * MOnaTK 8 SVRDanSI As before.

Like before.

Wollin.

48) : DK ö GLORIÄH & DÖO &MONaTÄöFOLLin In Per- In the circle of pearls the griffin, steering circles a cross with a between its front and half stars in the second and Hind paws two ') one at a half lily in the third

the touching star. Angle.

1.135 gr.

This is the most important coin of the find, as it is excellent preservation introduces us to a mint which has so far only delivered silent denarii. The latter contained Find from Arnswalde reported by Mr. H. Dannenberg (time-

1) Probably a star moved by double vision. H.D.

Magazine for NomiimaÜk. VII. 13

194 Max Schmidt,

schrift f. Numismatik V. S. 73 ff.) various copies, which now can prove their homeland through the above discovery.

Usedom.

49) Denarius: Helmet with five peacock feathers, one-sided. 23 gr.

?

50) Denarius: with unclear idea on both sides. 30 gr.

Brandenburg.

51) Two denarii similar to "Weidhas, Denarius X, 14", namely the one with the same front and the other with the same back.

Prussia.

52) Vierchen: Grand Master Conrad Czolner of Rothenstein 1382

until 1390. (Vossberg, 120.)

Dorpat*

53) Bishop Dietrich III. 1413 - 1438. Inscriptions half blurred, forward-turned crowned head. Rf. Monastery and Family Association coat of arms.

Schilling (Köhne, Zeitschr. I. p. 360, No. 190).

Ripen.

54) * MOHGTÄ O RIPGRS Im * (IIVITÄS * Iß RGGIiO Pearl circles a cross, in which a lion.

There is a lion in every corner.

M

The following bracteates were represented in the find:

Mecklenburg.

55) In the blasted edge there is a sign (possibly also a

Thor), in which an uncrowned bull's head.

56) In the blasted edge is a bull's head with sharply contoured ears. ears, nose and mouth, a point between the horns or star; some also have a hint of their tongue hanging out.

6 pieces.

The Ltibeek Mint. 195

57' A small flat bracteate or one-sided penny with the Bull's head, whose hanging pincers are quite prominent.

Stralsund.

58) In the blasted edge: the beam.

Brandenburg.

59) In the smooth edge: the eagle.

2 pieces.

60' Two indistinct bracteates - one has the depicted posed object with a bird's leg resemblance, analogue No. 66 of the Uohenwald coin find (Magazine for Numis- matics Vol. IV. P. 241).

The above find is not believed to be a Lübeck resident or a member of the buried there, but a traveler or Merchant from the Pomeranian-Mecklenburg border took its way through Mecklenburg to Lübeck and in its Due to impending danger, closeness caused him to withdraw his money to entrust the earth; because they are the coins of the mighty Hanseatic city only in 4 copies (from the 15th century) hundred) represented, while the Mecklenburg ones were in number dominate (also going back to the 14th century) and under even the rarer characteristics of smaller cities are represented in them.

I don't think the time of burial was any earlier than 1420 can hardly be accepted later because of the already pretty used coin of the Dorpat bishop Dietrich III. 1413 - 1438 cannot be thought of as an earlier time: the Brandenburg bracteates would also have the eagle, which are probably of Hohenzollern origin, such an prohibit taking. The transfer of the find over the first Quarter of the 15th century probably dates back to this reason not be permissible because then the stamps appear multiple times since the 14th century there were certainly others less complete important coins would be replaced.

13»

196 Max Schmidt, The Liiberk Mfln find.

The years 1420 to 1422 were close to Lübeck very restless because the city was in connection with Hamburg in 1420 was in the field against Duke Erich V of Saxony-Lauenburg. During 1422 a large number of robbers were led by 4 noblemen the road between Lübeck and the Elbe by looting traveling merchants made it so unsafe that The cities mentioned were armed with troops against them send (Kobbe, Lauenburg. History IL p. 140). Can be done This alone does not prove that the find was recovered happened around 1420, so at least the above assumptions support This is my assumption based on the coins themselves time.

Ratzeburg.

Max Schmidt

necrologist.

Otto Blau.

On February 26th the Imperial German died in Odessa Consul General Dr. Otto Blau, employee of this magazine, in 51 years old. After completing his orientalist studies, Blau joined studies into the consular service, undertook a trip in 1857 to Persia, the results of which he published in his work “Commercial "States of Prussia" and later became Consul in Trebizond, then in Scrajcwo, finally Consul General in Odessa. Blau was scientifically active in a variety of ways and also worked as a... Numismatists, especially in the area of Phoenician, of Oriental and Byzantine coins, very Benier kenswerthes achieved: a series of essays, especially in the Berliner Blatter für Münzkunde, the Vienna numismatic and most recently also in our magazine, as well as his meritorious Catalog of Oriental Coins of the Museum of Oriental Society in Odessa (Odessa 1876} are eloquent witnesses nisse of his scientific zeal.

A.v. S.

P. Clemens Sibilian.

Viennese papers report the death of Father Clemens Sibilian, Member of the Meohitarist Congregation in Vienna. P. Sibilian was almost always traveling in the service of his order, especially in Asia Minor and Persia, and has been considered an attentive and careful

198 necrologist.

taught observer and collector of numismatic monuments significantly promoted our science. We owe him several important numismatic publications - particularly inter- His “Numismatic Excursion from Constantinople to” is essential Bithynia and Paphlagonia" and other essays by the Viennese numismatic magazine. Also the Berlin Museum and other Their important coin collections are thanks to the knowledgeable Zeal Sibilians a number of the most important, partly before still completely unknown coins, such as the Ariarathes of Cappa- docien, who was the son of Mithradate VI. with the types of Father's coins, and the magnificent copper coin of the Cappadocian Satrap Ariamnes, who are mentioned in this magazine by Fried- countries has been discussed.

A.v. S.

J.P. Beierlein.

Who through his meritorious research in the field offer the Bavarian-Palatinate coin and medal studies in Numismatist J. P. Beierlein, known in the widest circles, born on December 21, 1802 in Landshut in Lower Bavaria, died on August 13, 1878 in Munich.

Although not actually a man of the guild - the Ver- who died had never made regular humanistic studies - Beierlein understood it through great enthusiasm and hard work and carried gen of the noblest enthusiasm for his favorite studies Over the years, it has achieved a highly respected position among the scientific numismatists.

According to the deceased's own notes available to us, Benen owed it mainly to the leadership of Dr. med. Martin Münz (later Prosector's and Professor of the Ana- tomy at the universities of Landshut and Wünsburg) his advantages

necrologist. 199

biktang, for those with respect to the father's legs Inherited profession of winemaker seems to have been a fairly short time was used because Beierlein after three years of his purchase absence from his father's house dedicated to male training As a twenty-year-old youth, he was by no means completely aware of himself had to dedicate himself to effortless professions.

It is all the more commendable that Beierlein has his Leisure hours devoted to the study of national history dedicated and at the suggestion of the then Landshut'schen University librarian's Dr. Maurus Harter, a keen coiner collector, turned to numismatics with particular love. His acquaintance with the former K. Bayr. Oberfinanzrat and Chancellor of the Order of St. John Friedrich Woschitka in Munich, at that time the owner of the largest private collection of Bavarian and Palatinate coins, the thought aroused in him, this to do the same, and over the years he succeeded in his extensive acquaintance and ever-increasing knowledge a collection of Bavarian and Palatinate coins and To form medals that are not so much quantitative as qualitative is significant.

Hess Beierlein has lived in Munich since 1S33 the duties of his profession from the zealous pursuit of his Do not hold coin studies and found here, as a member of the historical rian association for Upper Bavaria, the opportunity will soon come to fruition to partially publish his hard work in the association's writings.

Of these publications, the following are particularly worth mentioning:

1) The edition, which appeared in five editions from 1818 to 1866, plot: »The medals on excellent and famous ones Bavaria with biographical-historical notes", which, in addition to many There are a large number of things that are scientifically less important extremely interesting and for the history of art medals contains valuable communications - apart from the whole excellent illustrations, which the author has created with admirable

200 obituary«.

with great skill. The original Drawings which are found in the manscript mentioned are located, surpass in artistic execution everything that I I've seen this kind of thing so far.

2) The manuscript published in 1868: “The Bavarian Mints” zen of the House of Witteisbach from the end of 1180 - 1550.«

The critical and clear treatment here has experienced material not presented in this context, makes it seem unfortunate that Beierlein doesn't get the chance was, his almost completed work, which is available in manuscript: »The coins and medals of the Wittelsbach collective “haus” to get it ready for printing yourself.

This wide-ranging one that contains more than the title says Work is equal to the omitted collection for the royal. Mttnzkabinet was purchased in Munich.

There is an intention to pass on the estate of the deceased publicize and thus a long-felt need for a work that comprehensively deals with Bavarian coins satisfy. Beierlein's memory couldn't be more beautiful. be honored than by fulfilling this patriotic duty.

Munich in December 1878.

Dr. Eugen Merzbacher.

Literature.

Armand, Alfred, Les Medailleurs italiens des quinziöme et seizteme stecles etc. Paris, E. Plön & O- 1879. 197 p. 8<>.

It is a very deserving company, which in large numbers rich literature that is usually difficult to access, scattered often un- critical notes about those magnificent monuments of the Italian to critically view and compile the Renaissance to be supplemented by years of scientific collecting activity. Mr. Armand rightly used the chronological method. chooses the quick one, but not without being clear at the end Find helpful alphabetical indices. — The given Cast and chased Italian medals begin with the earliest and at the same time greatest artist in this subject, the Painter Vittorc Pisano (f 1151. Mr. Armand carries 27 safe Work this with strength and energy and yet the most tender grace of the portraits, which are often richly and tastefully grouped Backs of all other far superior artists. The Descriptions are kept quite short, certainly a long one Preferable, but one would probably sometimes use more detailed information. like to see tizen, e.g. B. the mention of the notes on the roll, which is the Cupid the Lion on the back of the medal of Lionello v. Este (No. 41 j. The same applies to No. 20, Pisano's half-portrait, which was found by W. Fröhner 1 ) quite un- to add a dubious interpretation of the letters on the back. It says F. S. K. I. P. F. T. These are as Fröhner shows the cardinal virtues mentioned in a prescribed series: Fides Spes Karitas lustitia Prudentia Fortitudo Temperantia (cf.

1) MllaUges dVpigr. et darrrhea). p. 79.

202 Literature.

e.g. B. the same order on the title border in Holbein's scheme Taste, Passavant, Peintre graveur III, p.42() No. 157). The A smaller medal with the same image No. 21 seems to me to be one to be a copy. — From the most prolific medalist, Sperandio, who does an excellent job in portraits but is often quite handy. works according to the factory, Armand has 51 safe medals. He rightly points out the absurd allocation of those Florentine Tin medals, which often depict a praying figure with the surrounding bear the writing I SPERO IN DEO, pay attention to Sperandio. The Florentine artist shows a completely different style - but whether not perhaps the almost constant “i spero in deo” on one The maker is related to the famous Sperandio has not yet been proven. To the medal of the otherwise completely unknown “Constantius” on the Sultan Maho homet II. I would like to add that a copy (original) The Berlin collection also has ET E RET IE other very excellent but correct ET G RET IE (sc. »in- peratoric«). It may be noted in passing that one in Catalog Kolas du Rosey (1863) II, p. 574 described medal Mahomet's: RF OPUS-HERSOLOI-SIGMUNTMI-SCULTOR Triumph car, apparently nothing other than a crude one Fraudster's hand awarded to unwitting collectors of Polish coins Trimmed medallion of Bertoldus Florentinus (Armand p. 18). The depiction is exactly that of Bertoldus and is nonsensical

OPUS-HERSOLOI—SIGMUNTI-II-SCULTOR is from: OPVS BERTOLDI FLOR E NT I N-SCVLTORIS

made.

The Berlin Coin Cabinet would enrich many things Armand's work can give; hopefully this will also- the same given by another source in a comprehensive work become. The Berlin collection is probably one of the richest in this department: apart from a few excellent pieces It was previously owned by the wonderful collection of the Princess Elisa Bacciocchi (Napoleon's sister), who Sestini created and later sold to the late B. Friedlaender, multiplied in the most magnificent way. A special adornment of this collection There are some extraordinarily finely chased lead casts of medals, especially Pisano's (whether models or "hand examples"

Literature. 203

plare", ipreuves d'artiste?). People are well respected in Parisian trade too little attention to these noticeable things that occur every now and then worthy samples, which completely have the value of the very first Have test prints of old woodcuts or engravings. I Recently saw one that was unfortunately heavily sanded, but still A piece of the type bearing clear traces of the finest ciseling Armand's No. 18, Emperor Johann Palaeologus of Pisano.

The “Master with the Eagle” offers particular interest p. 61, d. h. a series of Florentine medals, on which An eagle appears on the back as a coat of arms holder etc. One One of the most beautiful works of that time belongs to this series. Filippo Strozzi's medal No. 5. The one awarded by Armand spoken view, also shared by W. Bode, that this Medal may be a work of Benedetto da Majano, it seems very noteworthy. The Berlin Museum is so happy Terracotta abbey Filippo Strozzi's, which - despite something recently expressed in the Gazette des beaux arts colored contradiction - undoubtedly the most eminent clever, excellently executed original model to which much stiffer and more forced Marnior bust by Benedetto da Ma- Jano is. The bust portrait of the medal corresponds to these busts Absolutely, so that one would initially think it was a copy. The extremely witty, pointing entirely to a skilled sculptor Modeling of the medal and the great resemblance to that Berlin's terracotta busts, however, make it seem by no means un- It seems possible that Benedetto von Majano himself was the is the maker of the medal.

It is to be regretted that Armand's fluid and useful Work is not accompanied by illustrations: of course that would be the case The large volume of these works of art is an atlas somewhat high precious ; But from large public institutes you have to wait for them without considering the manufacturing costs take, even those who are not like Mr. Armand and the Officials of large collections have significant series of those magnificent ones Works of art are available for bidding, very soon through publication mechanical reproduction of cast medals from the 15th and 19th centuries 16th century opportunity to enjoy great art offer. A.v. 8.

204 literature.

Arthur Engel: Etude sur les grandes collections de Numisinatique de l'AUemagne. Mulhouse 1879. 8. p. 43, with printed woodcuts.

The Mr. Author provides news about the public collections lungs to Berlin, Dresden, Gotha and Munich, as well as about the princely Fürstenbergische zu Donaueschingen, and has this Reports the depiction of a number of Roman, Gallic and Merovingian coins incorporated.

The same: Documenta pour servir k la numismatique de l'Alsace. Contrefagons Italiannes de quelques monnaies d'Alsace. Mulhouse 1879. 8. p. 14. 1 plate ill.

Among the numerous already known reprints of the small barons in northern Italy, some new descendants appear here imitations of Lichtenberg and Strassburg patterns the Lords of Correggio, Crevacuore and Dezana. Is attached a 2 Solsstttck, which was made in Mainz in 1689 and is based exactly on one from Strasbourg, only with Louis XIV's cipher place of the Strasbourg lily is struck; it belongs under the contrefa^ons insofar as it was done by the orderly of the Strassburger

Magistrate of October 1, 1699 was revoked.

H.D.

H. Hoffmann: Les monnaies royales de France, depuis Hugues Capet jusquä Louis XVI. Paris, chez H. Hoffmann. gr. 4. P. 215. With 118 copper plates.

It is a grateful task that Mr. Provided has, the coinage history of the Capetians up to the first republic: eight centuries of the rich history of a great people are reflected here in his coins. From low levels of caught under Hugo Capet, the ancestor of the man named after him Starting from the gender, we see with the growth of the Originally so limited royal territory also increased the number of mints increase and their rarity increases to the same extent mean see diminish; we see the striving for unity that the Kings restricted in politics by powerful barons also in the numismatic field express themselves by buying their minting rights from the vassals tried hard; On the one hand we see the military misfortune France embodied in the coins, which are the English

Literature. 205

Kings Henry V and VI as a lively Francornm i relation- wise Henry V as heres Franciae) on French soil, have let them beat, but on the other hand also the fame of the French weapons appeared beyond the Alps brought through rich series of Italian stamps; we see Finally, to mention just one thing, historical events also evident in the artistic execution of the coin dies- acceptable, ever since Louis IX, whose coins came from his Crusades and the acquaintance he gained through them all the best that the art of that time could produce. liked, gained the greatest advantage 1). All of these phases The history of coinage comes to the full extent in this work the expression they deserve both through the entire coined excellent illustrative illustrations of the most praiseworthy known Dardel, than through the brief text, which however provides readers with everything worth knowing. We learn from him to highlight only the most important things, as under Louis VI. first the lily appears; we see the pursuit of coinage Unity operated under Louis VIII, who only had the denier Parisis and Denier Tournois, and continued by Lud- wig IX., the true restitutor monetae. under the except the The first gold coins, the Gros Tournois, also appear, this one long-ruling and so widespread coin; we learn how this tendency towards unity has received less attention of Philip the Handsome, who once again introduced new types of coins and the . The first Pieforts minted Hess, these benchmark coins, which nowhere have 00 more common than in France and only under Louis XVI. disappear, while his predecessor Philip V reversed his focus is on reducing the number of coins and especially the coinage laws of Anjou, Bourbonnais and Chartres itself had solved. Also the coin confusion and that extraordinary variety of characteristics under the unfortunate John's reign is shown to us, as well like the improvement that a century later came to the state

1) Mr. is a little too emphatic in his judgment. H. probably p. 18 of the denier d'or of this king. Quite a few German, especially Rhenish, medieval coins and quite a few German bracteates can compare with him without any difficulty Record question.

206 reference no.

clever Louis XI. effected by determining the number of gold coins on the only ecu and that of the silver and billon coins returned the slightest measure.

What is known is how small it is in numismatic terms interaction between France and Germany was; it this occurs, among other things, also highlighted that the French kings the name of the mint was stamped on its coins at an early stage. pressed, which since Louis VIII has only been used in exceptional cases seem. However, this does not mean that every designation can be dismissed. creates beliefs that determine the distinction between the mints purpose: only writing was no longer used for this purpose, but the “points secrets”, i.e. h. of the points which are below appear in this or that letter of the transcription; theirs Invention dates back to Louis IX. back, their abolition falls to the year 1540. As far as the types of coins are concerned, we have... Some have already mentioned the denier with the obol as half, which in the XIII. Gold that first appeared in the 19th century pieces and the turnoses; an important innovation after this one Side refers to the introduction of the word borrowed from the Italians Testons under Louis XII. The thaler, on the other hand, is the same Herrseber was able to beat Hess first, namely in Milan only became naturalized under Louis XIV. Copper minted first Henry III, previously they only had Billon. Worth mentioning in technical terms is that Henry II from Germany introduced embossing by machine, but it took a long time had time to fight against the antipathy of the coiners and only after a century did the ancient coinage with the Hammer put out of use.

You can see from this short message how much of the inter- essanten the book in question offers. It is recommended but also particularly due to its completeness and custom- ability. They are all the stamps of the French monarchs »de la "troisteme race" included, including the numerous ones several of them, by Carl VI. except for Francis I, in Italy have let beat. There will certainly be nothing wrong with this let it inside, perhaps rather against the fact that the ifrunzen also Hugo Capets (or his father) with the mere title of duke are admitted, who were born among the baronials

Literature. )07

In this respect, too much can probably be forgiven as too little.

About the difficult separation of the Ludwigs of the same name and Philipps I dare not judge, the French like it here Researchers decide: apparently it is satisfactorily carried out led. I would just like to make the small comment that the domestic writing Dei dextra ben. on a denarius of Philip I not, as it says on p. 6, Dei dextra benedicta (benie par la droite de Dieu), but rather Dei dextra benedicit or benedicat is to explain. The Roberts denarius with Adal seemed important to me. bero Bishop of Laon, plate IL No. 10: I almost want to believe that No. 1264 of my work on the coins of the Saxon. and Franconian Imperial era to be connected here.

Useful is Mr. H/s book in both material and m formal relationship. In the former insofar as every government a table of the contemporary baronial coins is included, and Furthermore, each coin is given its collector's value (from 1 to 3000 francs). is set. What the Mr. Author to justify this sowing says in the preface, every reader will only sign; the Prices have nothing to do with science, but the Mttnz collectors simply cannot ignore them. The outer one The structure of the book stands out from many others, namely- lich French in the most advantageous way through his for clarity, the text has coluran headings with names naming the king in question, the numbers of the text cor- respond with the illustrations, the copper plates provide one Reference to the relevant page numbers, and it is missing little in the way of a table of contents than in the necessary registers. This makes the use of the book much easier. tert. The equipment is solid and elegant at the same time, print and Paper excellent, in short the book is a magnificent work, quite suitable to arouse our envy. The Mr. The author has distinguished himself through this Publishing has earned a great deal of merit and will continue to do so Achieving the purpose he modestly expressed in his last words stated in the preface: »On a toujours une pretention. La Notre est de thunder un onvrage pratique et de facile recherche.a And more than that, he has given us a work of constant, knowledgeable delivered economic value. H.D.

208 literature.

v. Mttlverstedt: 1) About the Regenstein coat of arms, especially with reference to its depiction in the vignette of Harz Association. — 2) The coins of the Counts of Regenstein in newer eras and those after their extinction for the count churches in Regenstein and Blankenburg.

Tb. Htenzel: Contributions to Mansfeld coinage.

Among those learned societies that meet the requirements It is our responsibility to preserve our ancient monuments most diligently without question the Harz Association, which was founded just a few years ago, whose publications of various kinds are characterized by special quality, as demonstrated by the efficiency of the many well-known are conditionally liable to scholars who are among its members. That also the coinage, which is otherwise found in such writings usually comes away empty-handed, but doesn't come up short, that's what he puts in latest XI. Year (1878) of its main organ, the »Magazine of the Harz Association for History and Antiquity« eloquently Testimony, which pp. 232 - 246, or 247 - 286 and contains 287 - 354 essays above; which, by the way, is also in Special editions have been published.

The first essay reviews mainly the heraldic Viewpoints from the previously known medieval pure stone Blankenburg style. Mr. v. M. doubts from heraldry technical reasons, namely because the mere helmet gem without it Helmet is not conceivable that mine (Berl. Bl. IV. P. 189) The two denarii with deer antlers that were made known were effective. definitely belong here. These doubts, whether they come from the However, it cannot be justified from different points of view before the numismatic experience 1 ), of which another place that I have seen in discussions with others since then mener Blankenburg bracteates 2). But what about it? also behave, their relationship to the county of Dassel, which the Mr. Author popular, would like to do the same numismatically

11 Comp. Nnm. Newspaper 1844 p. 140 No. 7. (Erbstein, Wolkenburg No. 91 ▼see with No. 89.)- Posern, Saxony Mz. XVIII, 9. Streber, Kobnrg Plate II, 12 Daily with 13, and p. 278 Vol. V of this magazine.

2) Also the HH. Dr. Erbstein confirms the above b and refers me another one of them in the Journal of Museology Nos. 13, 14 and 15 published Langensalza coin with the Meissen gem without a helmet.

Literature. 209

are countered by serious concerns, such as those raised by the heraldic standard points were asserted against my allocation to Reinstein become. But the Lord is in error. Author, when he answers the riddle liable, illustrated by me ibid. on plate 48 no. 12, p. 193. spoken hollow pfennig with eagle shield and quartered rain coin Stone-Blankenburg shields in the middle of the XVHI. year, refers to the time of the Curbrandenburg Pretensions. That is numismatically impossible, and can only be explained by the fact that Mr. v. M. probably never get a copy of this mint has seen. In my opinion it belongs to the time shortly before or soon after 1500 r. This would mean the III. period of the 5, among whom the 122 coins described here are distributed the. The richest is the first, which contains 87 copies of the ancient counts until their extinction (1599).

Mr. Pastor Stenzel describes the rich line of counts Mansfeldian two-sided embossing, which is approximately in the middle of the XV. beginning of the century, dated since 1511, since 1521 also appearing in the form of thalers, since 1559 or 1560 Gold, mined in copper since Bruno 1st (f 1605), in outside In good abundance, it dates back to 1792. On the new Bracteates illuminated by the Erbstein brothers (see current Vol. V. 127) Mr. Didn't elaborate, but sent one short to the oldest beginnings, the coinage privilege in Eisleben Air B. Bruno v. Minden and his mother Outa (1045) extensive coinage history. The coin directory I can get the following completely new stamp from my collection add:

1) Of course, I cannot hide the fact that the IUI. According to Erbstein, letter- According to a communication, the coins for the Abbess Elisabeth of Quedlinburg, one née Countess von Kcinstciu (1571 - 84), the eagle as a monastery coat of arms View. You say: "The situation looks as it is now, of all" thing older; alone we have discovered that all specimens of it up to now came to our attention, new cuts are, (the sharp, circumcised and The copper sheet at the edge shows this clearly), which is quite “In large numbers come from the Schoenetnann estate.”

Journal for Nmni»matics. VII 14

210 MUcells.

here the helmet on one side, but on the main side is placed downwards.

Not a hybrid coin, of course, just inter- interesting because of the double coat of arms.

H.D.

Miscellaneous.

To the coins of the Danischmende. Mr. Dr. Mordt Raann in Constantinople writes to me: »It seems that my Treatise on the Danischmende dynasty and its coins zen has given rise to far-reaching conclusions, and in particular I am particularly pleased that you have the Käthsel under the The name of the Ottoman Sultan Mohammed IL known copper solved coins so happily. For further confirmation In your opinion I can also tell you that all of them Coins of this type, as far as their place of discovery or origin is concerned is known to come from Kaissarte (Caesarea Cappadociaej, while- rend here at uus in Constantinople, where you can get it first should have expected, not a single copy has been recorded so far is found. Just a few weeks ago my son acquired... once a copy of this coin, which is with a few others old coins etc. was brought here from Kaissariä. Mr. S. Alishan, the nestor of the local numismatists, told me, he had already secretly been working on the correctness of his devotion. This coin was doubted about Sultan Mohammed II for the same reason.

As for the title Melrjxig naarjg 'Ptopaviag, let's This can be explained much more simply than you can in Vol. VI, p. 51 have tried. Throughout Persia and further into India n.s.w. have always been called Asia Minor and the countries on this side of the Bosporus •2. Rum “the Roman country” i. e. Land of the Byzantine Emperors; For this reason the branch of the Seljuks was called the settled in Konia and eastern Asia Minor, in the

Miacelles. 211

oriental historians ^ ; /£^L« Jl »the Seljuks- Dynasty of Cum (Comania)', although the same from Rome never owned a foot of land. Yours The legal successors, the Ottoman Sultans, come from the same name Cause even now in Persia, etc. ^1 ^A~ »the sultans of rum." For the same reason the Danischmend could Melik Muhammed Gazi is quite good Melfpug naatjg 'Patfiavlag without violating the geography or the rights of the people Byzantine emperor to sin." A. v. S.

Coin of Myrtilis. In the collection of Mr. Estacio da Veiga in Lisbon there is a coin from the Colonie Myr- tilis in Hispania Lusitanica, which is one of the few known slightly different:

II f. Rough head with weak beard 1.

Rf. Eagle with spread wings standing from the front, the head 1., on a strip on which the Inscription: A\ÄTIL*I and an indistinct book rode, like I . EVER. 8.

Mr. da Veiga reads from the original MATILIS*

The coins of this city are extremely rare, a similar one Heiss estimates 150 fr.; the piece described is through his Location, Tavira in Portugal, important. Tavira is only one a short distance south of the site of Colonia Myrtilis.

A.v. S.

In the last volume of the Revue numismatique Beige (1878 p. 392 - 394) says Mr. C. M. Picqu6, it goes to the review sion of the “Literarisches Centralblatt” that I saw the two Dürer's medals in the Berlin museum only for this reason I thought I was eight because I was employed at the Berlin Museum: »de leur cotö, les critiques dune revue scientifique allerande des plus autorisäes, le Central Blatt, donnent k entendre que M. von Sallet est surtout portä k proclamer l'authenticitä des mädailles de Dürer, par sa position au Cabinet de Berlin, oü elles repo- sent." — To discuss this truly outrageous insinuation further tire, is unnecessary for my readers, I'll make do only, the full text of the relevant review of the »Literature« rican Centralblatt" (to be added here by Prof. Dr. Woltmann:

14*

212 miscellaneous.

»Sallet, Dr. Alfr. v., Albrecht Dürer's medals. With 2 Taff. Berlin, 1875. Weidmann.

In a small font (printed from the magazine für Numismatics, Volume II) gives A. v. Sallet with the precision, which belongs to the connoisseur of medals and through which he complements the work of art historians, notes about Albrecht Dürer's medals. As far as we overlook the material, we are convinced that he is right when he mentions their number these three: the woman's head from 1508, the heads of Dürer's Father and limited by well-being. Just as justified and probably shared by most art historians are the two- Felt that the female bust represented Dürer's wife. On In one place the author returns to the question about which he used to have an argument with the Ref. des Literar. Central leaf had. There is no reason for this going into the matter itself again, I just wish he says that the author represents the point of view of the “lay people in the medal “customer”, whose claims he completely rejects, is more correct would have characterized. Ref. does not mean that the »left-wing “skilled profile heads” all drawn after medals, nor that they are actual copies of such made with the intention of replicating exactly, but he considers it a collection of portraits, a kind of album, that Medals have often been used, where such medals belong to the draftsman were at hand. A. W—n.”

The sayings of the Um. CM. So Picquä are simple not true. A.v. Sallet.

-v

The acquisitions of the Royal Coin Cabinet from April 1, 1878 to April 1, 1879.

(See Table IV.)

The annual acquisitions of the Royal Coin Cabinet amount

Gold

Silver

Bronze

pieces

Greek coins. . .

11

109

577

697

Roman and Byzantine.

. 37

38

32

107

Medieval and modern.

. 25

358

22

405

. 30

52

262

350

109

557

893

1559

In addition, there are 114 lead cutters, copies of coins and similar lish pieces, including a find of around 400 ancient Indian bronze coins.

Some of these acquisitions were gifts: S. M. der Emperor Hess a commemorative medal minted in 1878 transfer; Professor Dr. Bühler from Bombey donated it a number of Indian coins, some of which are valuable full. Also Mr. v. Brandt, Imperial General Consul in Japan, Mr. Wurach, consulate official in Car&cas, Mr. Dr. Berger in Prague, Mr. Directorial Assistant Coin Cabinet Dr. The collection owes valuable things to Erman pieces.

The one at the end of the previous annual report as forthcoming reported acquisition of the first selection from the 18,000 Greeks Chinese and Roman coins of the late Mr. von

Journal of Numismatics. VII

15

214 J - Fried laen der,

Rauch was completed at the beginning of the administrative year- the. This selection consisted of the small number of 369 pieces (39 gold, 55 silver, 275 bronze), but they were the rarest and most valuable of this beautiful and rich collection.

I give here from the Greeks (7 gold, 33 silver, 257 Bronze) only the most important ones; the Romans follow below.

I. There is one among the Greek gold coins of Tauromenium which has twice the weight of the usual one has, namely 1.91 grams, while the ordinary one has 1 gram weigh up to 1.1. It is the Ptolemaic Weight of the late Coins of Syracuse. I can't find this duplicate anywhere Tauromenium mentioned; it comes from the Graaf collection tion, but this double weight is not mentioned in their catalog. been noticed. The types are the well-known ones, the Apollo head r. and the tripod, on the side of TAYPOMENITAN, and in Fields at the top right El. Size 11 Mill. Also the larger one Campanian gold coin with the Janus-like double head Federal oath and the inscription ROMA, was found here.

A small gold coin from Olbia has the head of Demeter 1., above the forehead two indistinct areas, on the back a dolphin 1st, including OA. Gr. 12 mill. Weight 2.11 grm. Mr. von Rauch has this, as far as I know, unknown coin the estate of a Russian from Odessa who died in Mainz bought. She seems to be eight, but I'll admit it not for that. If it were wrong, it would have to be from a modern perspective be shaped like so many and so well copied false ones Stamps come from Crimea. Fake gold. Silver and Copper coins from Panticapaeum, and the bronze coin from Theodosia are available.

Worth mentioning: completely preserved staters from Taranto with the eagle, and from Rhodes with the head of Helios from the front

The acquisitions d. Royal MÜnnkabineto from April 1878 to April 1879. 215

and the name AnOAAflNIOX above the flower; to the right her the headdress of Ammon as a symbol, everything in flat recessed square. Also a very nice double daricus.

The silver coins are even more valuable. Above all is the beautiful, somewhat ancient tetradrachm from Eryx the enthroned Aphrodite, in front of whom Eros stands, she has one Pigeon on the right. A small silver coin is delicate from Taranto with the scallop on the front and a Eros riding the dolphin and shooting the bow.

A specimen of the Incusus is of great beauty Laos with the inscription distributed on both sides, and the Rare coin from Panormus with the Great Dane and Greek emblem writing, but the rare coin from Sybaris is imperfect /VI(KA) above the bull while MV stands ftn section, here really correct.

Among the coins of Greece proper draws the one shown on plate no. 13. Besides that Hunter is, it appears, EPAI (declining); Heraea was border town against Elis, the founder Heraieu, a son of Ly- caon, could be shown here. The front is the one there* Coins from Elis. The silver coins of the Sindi are valuable that of the satrap Spithradates, the latter Lord von Rauch published in the Berlin papers Th. V. p. 29 plate LVI, 41

*

has. The des Datames minted in Sinope is also present here. act.

Due to their quantity, the bronze coins evade the going meeting. This is of archaeological interest Athenian first (see following page), of which only a few examples plare, and all of imperfect preservation, are known. to- Caronni first published it in the catalog of Wiczay's collection (I. p. 86 No. 1280 Plate IV, 87) published an incredibly bad illustration cized without recognizing the city or the type, while Sestini in his gastigatiooes of this catalog p. 20 the coin at least

15*

216 J. Frfedhender,

really gave to Athens. Then Bröndsted (Reisen II. p. 189 and 305) the copy that has become generally known is published, However, this too was poorly preserved, like the beautiful illustration shows. Benin's illustrator misunderstood them, there is (p. 393) Marsyas depicted from the back, raising his left arm. 6. Hirschfeld in the Berlin Winckelmannsfest program 1872 and Brunn in the Monumenti dell' Institute Th. VI, plate 23 have repeated Bröndsted's illustration better. Where this example It's clear now, I don't know. The third copy, in the national There is also no museum in Athens, a copy of which I have better.

Ours is the fourth, if it isn't perhaps that Wiczay's. Mr. von Rauch got it from Mr. Rollin and Feuardent bought in Paris, in whose catalog of 1 862 it is listed No. 3611 is described. This is also quite imperfect, but the head on the front is clearer than on Bröndsted's, and it perhaps shows the trace of the flutes coming out of the hand of Pallas, as in the vase paintings and reliefs G. Hirschfeld a. a. 0. compiled.

There are some notable ones from Nicopolis in Epirus Coins. KTICMA CCBACTOV has a volume of 30 million the youthful head of Augustus, and on the reverse (ICPAC NIKO)TTOAۧC and two galleys, one over dar others, the upper one to the right, the lower one to the left; on the top in the middle one stands out in size from the others towering figure with raised right hand, and in front on top of the ship Nike. So here we have a representation of the

The acquisitions d. Royal Coin cabinet from April 1878 to April 1879. 217

Battle of Actium, the military commander is Augustus, the lower Galley that of the fleeing Cleopatra. Sestini has in the Museo Fontana (Th. I. Plate II, 4) depicts the coin inaccurately and the representation was not recognized.

The coin of the same city with the inscription <|>INAIOC (Plate Nos. 6 and 7} has Mr. von Rauch in the communications of Berlin Numismatic Society I. P. 28 doubtful one City of Phina Ponti assigned. Only Mr. Dr. from Sallet correctly noticed that the head of Augustus is on the front is minted from the same die as that of the coin of Nico- polis with KTICMA C6BACTOV and a type that is only in Nicopolis occurs. Consequently, the coin with 4>l- also belongs NAIOC to Nicopolis, and this word refers to the depicted Aesculap. Same back, Aesculap with the Inscription <|>INAIOC, can also be found on a coin of Traian, which therefore also belongs to Nicopolis. What this one I don't know what the nickname means. The supposed city of Phina Ponti is no longer a mint.

Also the strange coin minted under Hadrian by Delphi, which Mr. von Rauch published in the Berlin papers Th. V. p. 15 and plate 56, 8 has now found its way into the coinage cabinet ; Apollo with laurel branch and scepter leans on it Tripod standing on a base (as on the coin of Antinous, which I published earlier) ; lies at his feet the river god Pleistos.

A beautifully preserved coin from Lacedaemon has A

riAAVTlAAA C€B around Plautilla's head, and on the back (AAK€)AAIMONIQN about Hermes, who kills the boy Dio- nysos carries. At the bottom of the sides it says A° A. On coins of the Geta

is written AC A, on coins of Gallienus A" H and A° A; on one of the Salonina in the Koni gl. Coin Cabinet AS, Latin next to the Greek city name. So there can be no doubt

21g J Friedlawder,

•

be that the above characters mean Assariah 4 and 8. Likewise ACCAPIA ATO or TPIA is written on coins from Chios, and we find H on coins which have the name Phanagoria Agrippias and Caesarea with the head of Livia (it seems) and MH, KA, IB on coins of the kings of Bosnia and Herzegovina. porus are known. The mentioned coin of Gallienus with

A H was in the collection of Mr. von Rauch, she is (perhaps the same copy) in the Wiczay catalog and then described in Mionnet (pp. IV, 225, 41); there's a Pallas is shown, instead of ACH one incorrectly reads AOH.

An interesting type, Apollo and Daphne, is offered by one Coin of Apollonia in Caria.

EVER. 23. KOPN CAAÜNINA C€ Bust of the Empress to the right with a robe around his chest.

Letters AnOAAQNIATQN (the last six letters in section). Daphne kneels around the laurel tree takes hold and looks for the person pursuing her Apollo, who holds the bow in his left hand.

Sestini has a similar coin from Domna (Descriptio p. 370 no. 8) and Mionnet has repeated them, the The type is not named there, and the ones that wind around the tree The snake that Sestini described is on our coin not shown.

The coin from .Lamia depicted on plate number 9 is strange in Thessaly, with the inscriptions AHMOC PWMAIUUN and l€PA CVN(KAHTO)C- AAMI(€UiN). One copy is in published by the Annali delt' Institute in 1833 p. 264 no. 26 and 287; the head is for that of the demo, the figure of the back, which which introduces Synkletos, explained by Panofka for Venus Libitina; the coin is assigned to Lamia Ciliciae. That's where she belongs Certainly not, the Cilician place was called Lamus, and the two of them

The acquisitions d. Royal Müoikabinets from April 1878 to April 1879. 219

Imperial coins, which are in the Nouvelles Annales de l'institut II, P. 349 are published, have MHTPOrVAAMQTlAOZ. I I think you can only give the coin to Laraia in Thessaly. The head has some resemblance to the Brutus on Macedonian schen coins. On his way from Athens to Macedonia Brutus must have come through Thessaly; it would be possible that one could see his image in Lamia, as happened in Macedonia is, would have bet on the coins. Of course his name is here not, but not on this latter either. The mention of the Senate would fit ; the forms € and C can also be found on the coins of Augustus of Thessalonice. But I misunderstand I don't think that this hypothesis is very daring, and I would like it give up if other coins provide better information. I would also like to point out that another coin is an alliance who names Thessalians and Romans. She is the head of the OMO NOIA with diadem and veil, a running one on the back Ros8 with the Thessalian rein on the coins of Larisa

occurs, above the horse's back is written 2^yT, below

the body PQM. (Mionnet IL 650 incorrectly read OEXXAAO, in- which he mistook the handle of the reins for an O and divided hence the coin in the note to Thessalonice.)

A coin from Aelia Capitolina is harder to explain: EVER. 22 million. Of the transcription, only I M • C • M • A is. . . visible, around the covering heads of the bearded Caracalla and one Woman, facing right, with robes around her chest. The back

has COL AE CÄP and a quadriga seen from the front,

On the chariot stands the holy stone of Emisa, in front of it Eagle seen from the front with wings spread. In the ab- cut is a wavy line.

The difficulty is that this stone Elagabalus, which is found on Elagabalus's coins as well as on the triumphal chariot is depicted here on a coin before Elagabalus' time

220 J FriedUender,

Caracalla's appears because of the so characteristic head of this one Kaiser's is unmistakable.

Saulcy has in his Numismatique de la terre sainte tablet V, 9 p. 104 publish another coin with the same reverse cified, which he had the same difficulty because of the "Uranius Anto- nius", certainly rightly so, because this is how this difficulty is resolved. rity for his coin, but not for ours, for here it is Portrait of Caracalla, as I said, unmistakable, and the pre- name here is M., which stands for L. Julius Aurelius Sulpicius Uranius Antoninus does not fit.

Consequently, the only thing left for our coin is that either the type of saint who rode in triumph on the Quadriga Steins does not, as we previously believed, begin under Elagabalus, but already under Caracalla, or that the stamp cutter did not yet have a portrait of Elagabalus in Jerusalem, and therefore half repeated what he knew of Caracalla. The female The likeness is so vague that there is no markup granted.

Other rare coins that are still missing from us This collection belongs to the Bosporan king Leuco; the rare coin of Nicaea minted under Quietus, it has its name TIT $OVA IOV KVHTOC C€B, den First names not Tl, as on another of the Allier collections lung really stands; a coin of Herennius Etruscus from Alexandria, where he was not yet represented in the cabinet; one from Beterra, the first of this city; that of P. Quinctilius Varus from Hadrumetum, the same Palin specimen that Müller in his beautiful work IL p. 52 no. 26, and No. 29 published there by Proconsul Africanus Fabius Maximus.

The mysterious coin of Geta is known with the image writing STA BOV (Eckhel, Doctrina VII. p. 234). To this one came one with the same back from Caracalla. EVER. 20. ON-

The disinheritances of Kgl Münik »bimst* Tom April 1878 Wed April 1879. 221

TONIN AVG .... Laurel wreathed head of Caracalla. Ytf. Bull to the right, above STA, in the section BOV. The of the Geta asked, which Eckhel could not specify, IN SEPT GETAS P A around his laurel-wreathed head {not eaput nndum . . From the looks of them, one liked them belong to a Roman colony in Thrace or Macedonia, but the inscription STA BOV still remains a mystery; there would be two Official names, the city name was missing. So much for the Rauch'Bchen coins.

Among the Greek coins purchased individually stands out I would like to highlight the one shown here, which the undersigned attached was lucky enough to acquire a stay in Paris. She is of Aenea in Macedonia, one of the oldest monuments from the Trojan legend circles, the style of it belongs to the years around 600 or 550, the well-known Macedonian coins with the satyr and the nymph are related to her.

You can see the representation. Hellanieus of Lesbus, the around 450 wrote, told (by Dionysius of Haiicarnassus) Aeneaa After the conquest of Troy, I met with his Ophrynians and Dardanians retreated to the castle, and then went to Mace-

222 •*• Peacemaker,

Donia sailed, where he founded Aenea on the Pallene peninsula. The coin is minted there, like others with the head of the Aeneas and on the back the inscription AINEAX, dem Genetive of the city name, as it appears on our coin, but with imperfect X. This is discussed in detail most strange coin in the monthly reports of the academy, November 1878. Prof. Robert has a degree in archaeology Newspaper 1879, p. 23 Ascanius for a girl, a daughter of Aeneas, explained because the child was wearing a chiton that corresponded to the Boys are not allowed. But it seems to me that the boy does the same how Anchises does not wear a chiton, but only the himation, The upper body of both is naked, and in Anchises it hangs Tip of the himation from the right arm. So I can do not acknowledge that a girl is depicted here Hairstyle speaks for a boy, compared to the German female hairstyle of Creusa.

The coin shown here belongs to the same area from Sermyle, a city previously unknown in the coin series; and neighboring Thrace a rare one from Abdera the griffin and the artemis, next to which nOAYK/PTHX stands. The die cutter had forgotten the P and then corrected the error as best as possible.

A Unicnm is the coin shown on the following page from Cnosus with the city founder MINfiX, and the head of the

The acquisitions d. Kgl, MiuMk*büi«u »

n Apiil 1S78 to April 1879. 223

Demeter, surrounded by the labyrinth, here like a frame is designed.

Among the people of Asia Minor, a Cyzikener stands out, to kneel between the foreparts of two horses- the Helios is depicted. As far as we know so far, we have These diverse types have no relation to the individual Cities.

A one-sided lead tessera to the Smyrna places the under one The sycamore tree represents Alexander sleeping, to whom the two of them are in a dream Nemesea, revered on Mount Pagos, appears to him to direct the place where he should found the new Smyrna; a depiction that can also be found on a coin of Marcus Aurelius finds again. This lead tessera is of the finest workmanship.

Two cities that have not yet been represented are Zeleia in Troas, better in Mysia, and Sesamns in Paphlagonia. The The first has a female head with a high attachment

Palmettes are decorated, about Hera, and on the back

n

in an Aehrenkraoze closed on the left. The only one so far well-known copy (catalog of the Allier collection plate XIII, 20) differs. The coin of Sesamn is there Catalog plate X, 15 pictured, a second, different in Sestuü's "Lett. II, plate II, 36. But they differ from others Papblagonis were so different that the allocation was two-fold. liked rocks.

CTBOC1A, as far as I know, on coins writing is at the beginning of one of Hierapolia in Phrygia. On the

224 J- Friedender,

The front is an ivy-wreathed head of Dionysus or one Bacchante, around l€PAnOA€ITüN. It says on the back 6TBOCIA on a woman resembling Fortana with tax and Fttllhorn; On the cornucopia, in its curve, sits a very small one Boy stretching his arms, it almost seems as if it were a relief-like decoration on the cornucopia. The same one can be found larger Depiction of this on a coin minted under Elagabalus City, but without the inscription. Who this boy is, whether Plato's, cannot be recognized. Bacchus sits on top of the Cornucopia between grapes with a rhyton in hand a coin from Nysa, the boy is probably not in Hierapolis Bacchus.

The one depicted on the board, No. 2, is interesting Tetra coins minted together by the twin sons of Antiochus VIII. dragon (15.6 grams). It is perhaps the only ancient one Mtnze, which depicts two reigning kings together and names, while, as is well known, sometimes a deceased person King appears other than the reigning one, e.g. B. on some Ptolemaic coins. As a model for our double heads Mttnze may have served the Mttnze that covered each other Shows heads of Antiochus VIII and his mother as regent.

This new mask represents Antiochus XI. and Philip as on an equal footing, it is just a coincidence that the diadem of Philippus is hidden by the front head; they are called both king, and the names are connected by KAI. This is a sign of their brotherly love, which is also expressed in this said that they were each on his own coins, Phila- called delphus, and that Philip after the early death of Antiochus continued this nickname. On our dance floor there was no room for this epithet, and the portrayal of both Heads made it superfluous.

Our coin is cut far more carefully and beautifully than the ordinary ones of that time; one would like to believe that she is

Dia acquisitions d. Royal Vüntkibinet» from April 1873 to April 1879. 225

on a special occasion, such as the accession to the throne Honor, embossed.

There is a numerous series of tetradrachms, which a king's head with a strikingly hanging, pointed hawk's head nose, and on the back BAXIAEfiX ANTIOXOT Eni^A- NOYZ around the seated Zeus. The catalog of selenium According to the British Museum it is given to Antiochus the XI. to, but they belong to his father Antiochus VIII.

They cannot be given to Antiochus the XL because 1) on his safe coins he has the nickname Philadelphia; as stated above, he and his twin brother Philippas carried this nickname; Philip himself has it after that Death of Antiochus XI continued; So it can be expected th that Antiochus always led him and like Philip never left. 2) Its safe coins have one other royal head, not the one with the hawk's nose, the two of the king Coin cabinets show this very clearly. 3) This Safe coins are very rare, as is the case with such a short one Government is of course, those with the hawk nose are definitely not rare.

For these reasons, those with the hawk nose can tiochus the XI. don't belong. But for his father Antio- Chus VIII. they fit perfectly. Because 1) everyone has them only gave his coins the nickname Epiphanes. 2) They are common, the cabinet has 21, which speaks for a longer government, and Antiochus VIII reigned for 29 years. And finally 3) the crucial reason: the writers tell Antiochus VIII. was called yQvnog, hawk-nose, the king of these Coins has the most decisive hawk nose, so you can't doubt that it is Antiochus VIII.

One could argue that Antiochus VIII on some of his coins does not have this hawk nose; this alone explains it from the fact that he became king at the age of sixteen and then

226 J- Friedender,

Reigned for 29 years. Those coins where he has the characteristic The nose doesn't have the earlier ones, as the year figures show on some and the hunting nature of the head. But you can see If you have a long row of his coins, you will soon find some of them where the nose begins to lower and curve, and even on some already under his guardianship This is noticeable in many cases, e.g. B. at Mionnet Suppl. VIII, plate XIII, 3 illustrated. Those with the decided those hawk-noses are just the latest.

Aach on some other coins of Greek kings etc Roman emperors who ruled for a long time, the ver- change in face as the years progress follow; I believe that the coins are of are not yet sufficiently used by anthropologists. There is Probably nowhere else are there such secure rows of portraits of him people. Just to remember one example: the arsacide Mithradate I, the Great, appears on the coins of his min- At least twenty-five years of government initially as more beautiful stately man with an aquiline nose, and finally as a right one ugly old man with a fig nose.

One could also object to returning to the old one Objection to the allocation of those coins to Antiochus VIII is that The type of seated Zeus does not appear on his earlier coins occurs ; But these are the latest ones that we are talking about here and then he changed the type, like it does here happened often, and as he himself only did in his first year (the Year number it shows) the naked Zeus with the sun on the Harid (or Dens Mensis) has, and from then on the clothed. The type even changes with Seleucus VI, who was only two years old has ruled.

Antiochus VTII has a family resemblance. and his five Sons, therefore it is not the faces alone that can do this, but the Decide epithets. The decline of the empire is also evident

\

The 'acquisitions d. Royal Coin cabinet from April 1878 to April 1879. 227

in the art that has fallen, even the portraits are no longer the same holds on like before. Seleucus VI , who only reigns for two years has, is once with a strong beard that surrounds the chin, that other times depicted with a smooth face. And in individual ones In some cases we find false images. A tetradrachnoid mon, which is marked by the inscription BAZIAEfiZ ANTIOXOY

Mionnet had correctly attached the coins with the hawk's nose. Tiochus attributed to VIII, he only mentions it in the supplement a tetradrachm for Antiochus the XL, he refers to this Visconti (quarto edition), there is no mention of these tetradrachms the speech. Our coin should be in a note of an essay from Bompois, in which the coins of Cleomenes were given to tigonus Doson should be mentioned, as I just did experience; I don't know this approach.

There is a gold coin from Ptolemy Soter with one Elephant quadriga on the back; so far there have only been four As far as I know, copies are known: in Gotha, London and Paris. For Mionnet V, 2. 14 and 15 it is not entirely accurate described ; the ruler of the Quadriga is called Jupiter left arm is wrapped in the pallium.

The coin cabinet received 11 perfectly preserved examples plare, which comes from a find supposedly made in “Calabria”. originate. He insisted according to the news that reached here ans 12 such staters, 20 to 30 from Alexander the Great, nnd 3 by Philippus Aridaeus. If the location were known, so be it one could think of Pyrrhus, of his Battle of the Siri," Of course in Lucania; They are in this area, near Haponara

228 J. Friedlaender,

beautiful pieces of armor were found, which Bröndsted published cified.

Several of the 11 staters clearly show that the man in the Quadriga is unbearded and naked except for an animal skin hanging on his skirt, probably a lion skin. In the He holds the lightning bolt in his right hand and the reins in his left Elephants. The flash has the usual one on one copy shape, but usually only the part above the hand is recognizable. One would like to believe that it was Alexander the Great, depicted, whose head and name are also on other coins of the Ptole maeus Soter appear.

The elephant quadriga is also known to be found on Silver coins of Seleucus I, where Pallas Promachos is written chariot, and the elephants are horned.

In the section of Ptolemy's coins there are mono- grams, all different, they are shown on the board, and at No. 1 one of those staters.

The weight of our gold coins ranges up to 7.14 grams. up, i.e. up to the full weight of the Ptolemaic Stater (the drachma is 3.57). Staters are rare in Egypt, double staters and four-staters and even heavier ones often.

Unedirt is an unusually delicate bronze coin Balearic Islands, 11 million in size. Panel No. 3. It's open on the front the so-called Kabiren, who is in the right a short staff with a button, raised, in the left one Snake holds. On the back a bull striding to the left. In the essay by della Marmora on the coins of the Balearic Islands and in the beautiful work by Heiss on the Spanish Mints It is not described in Zen.

A small coin from Eucarpia in Phiygia has a female head, and on the back EVKAP|niTIKOV|AnIA| IEPHA- The indication that the head of the front has a phry- Wearing a gish hat and perhaps Dens Lunus is based on

The acquisitions d. Royal Mflntkabineto from April 1878 to April 1879. 229

the inaccurate illustration in Sanelementi I. Plate VII, 27; it is certainly a female and has a hair over her forehead knot, which Sanelementi p. 187 for the Phrygian cap looked at. Sanelementi separates EVKAP and takes ÜITIKOT fttr a name, this is probably wrong. Rather, it seems that the landscape of Eucarpitis, like other landscapes, is one common sanctuary, which was called Ei%aqm%i%6v, and had common priestesses. Other priestesses come in Eucarpia itself and in the Phrygian city of Attuda.

As a curiosity I would like to point out that on a coin from Termessus in Pisidia has the inscription around a head of Hermes T 6PMHC C€fiN is intentionally placed so that 6PMHC stands above Hermes' head.

Among the coins of the Cappadocian satrap Ariamnes, which I recently published, plate number 8 has been removed. another, Ariaos, was added. Did you want that? AS , which stands under the horse, as the beginning of the inscription look, you would read AXAPIAO, which goes to the AXAPI and ZAPI on the Armenian Satrap coins, which I have given with the Cappadocian ones.

The line of Bactrian kings was also replaced by some rare pieces increased. And a new king of the Axumite Reichs, Nezana. appears on the coin depicted on panel No. 4. I would like to note here that the two curved ears, which are peculiar to these coins, certainly on certain Africa- Niche bronze coins occur which depict a male have a head with short hair and a horse and used to were given to Juba the U. without any reason.

Finally a few Italian coins. The inexhaustible This country's soil still gives us numerous valuable full and beautiful coins, and the continued construction of railways in Huditaly they will no doubt open up the gap even further.

Journal for numtamatics. Vll 16

230 *• Frtedlaender,

So through the efforts of Dr. from Dnfan the extremely rare silver coin that has been wanted for a long time Capua with Oscan inscription. It weighs 6.04 grams.

The coin from Sybaris depicted on Plate No. 5 dates back to a find that belongs to Cittanuova near Palmi in the province Reggio was made and contained almost only Incusi. She is unedited, and is said to have been the only one of its kind found. She also owes the cabinet to Dr. by Duhn.

The Incusi of Sybaris have TM above Taurus, or VM in the section: the former, much rarer ones are probably the ones older, their character seems to show this, and the dragon men, who were certainly only born after the second imprint, only have VM, not TM, as far as I know.

Instead of this short inscription, the new one has the full one ovßaQiTag. The letters are clear, like any other The coin is completely preserved, but they are noticeably slovenly. cut. This explains the deviations in the shapes. The first sigmoid colon is almost covered by the edge of the circle, this is the case more noticeable than the v has wide gaps next to it, i.e. space was enough for the sigmoid colon. The ß is open at the top, you have inside want to see the Corinthian ß, but this always forms one Hook, sometimes rounded like 2, sometimes square like Tj or Tf so no relation to the shape of the ß of this coin. Professor Kirchhoff also agrees with this opinion, who examined the coin for it.

As is well known, the nominative of the masculine can be found again- the one in oiqTvoq and others.

The weight is 7.8 grams.

II. Roman coins.

Here too I start with the selection of the ranch Collection: the Aurei of the families Arria, Numonia, both from

The acquisitions d. Royal MüMkabinets from April 1878 to April 1879. 231

the greatest rarity, the Vibia with the Nemesis, the small ones with XXXX (sesterces), which is so rare and still is was missing, while those with MfX and XX were more common. From the emperors: a Sulla, M. Antonius with C KORT IV M PRAETORIARVM, a Lepidus, of which the Eabinet now has five Aurei owns, one Agrippa, two rare ones by Augustus and one Half piece, two Vespa-ian restituted by Traian, a September tii»ia8 Severus with the heads of the Domna and the sons the reverse, the gold medallion of Philip, Unicum Gold medallion of Gallienus, an aureus of Victorinus Medallion of Constantine the Great, two Aurei the Younger Lieinins, both with their heads from the front, one with the rare one Transcription LICINIVS AVG OB D V FILII SVI, whether decen- nalia vota, so that the father gave the coin in honor of the son has left its mark. Finally an Anastasius with the monogram of the Burgundian King Gundobald. Then a silver medallion Gordian III

« Among the bronzes was a medallion belonging to Philip Otacilia and Philip II. All of these are true gems and in such numbers!

Draw under the Roman coins purchased individually also turned out to be rare: three denarii restituted by Trajan the Republic, Mamilia, Rubria, Tullia, and that of Brutus the trial of the first consul, also restituted by Trajan.

The rarest piece among the emperors' coins is a denarius of Iotapianus, whose coins were still completely missing, while a Pacatianus has recently been present. The beautiful Copy of Iotapianus, formerly in the Bellet de collection Tavernost was purchased at Jarry's auction in Paris.

A rare denarius of Clodius Macer has L-CLODI MACRI around the head of Carthage with wall crown and cornucopia, below SC stands to declare dependence on the Senate, as Clodius Maoer also avoided putting his portrait on the coins

16»

232 J - Friedlaender,

put. The back has SICILIA around the grain-covered decorated triquetrum, in the middle of which is the winged face of the Medusa as on the denarius with the name of the consuls L. Cor- nelius Lentulus and C. Claudius Marcel Hous. Maybe should This type not only owns the island but also the Relationship of Clodius Macer with the latter interpret.

Also worth mentioning are Aurei of Numerianus and Decentius. The former is with a treasure of gold from the 14th century in Erfurt, the second in Spenge, Hervord district, found. It has the inscriptions DN DECENTIVS FORT CAES around the head, and on the back VICTORIA CAES LIB ROMANOR Victoria and Liberia standing in front of a trophy shake hands. It is minted in TRier, and was until- Only one copy is known.

There is also only one denarius of Pescennius Niger Known copy: FIDES EXEPCITVI (see above), three field symbols, On the middle one hangs a sign on the VI | CAV | G stands.

Among the few Byzantine coins is a uifedated one of John II Comnenus. In the field it has +IWA|KOMN-NO| COAOVIKAC, also Hßiavvrjg AeonoTtjg KOMNHNOC O AOV- KAC. On the back a cross on three steps, to the sides IC XC.

The Contorniat pictured on plate No. 12 shows how to Sees Circe falling on Odysseus's sword while in In the background his transformed companions are standing in the oven. The interpretation given by Sabatier in his book is strange the Contorniats (Paris 1860, p. 62 no. 13) states: “In an am- phitheater, a kneeling, crowned woman begs a gladiator pity. In the background you can see three wild animals Lodges. The artist may have one to die by want to portray a Christian condemned by wild animals, which already

The acquisitions d. Royal Coin cabinet from April 1878 to April 1879. 233

wears the martyr's crown." Even in her best hours The artistic daughter of Helios was probably not hoped to be pious martyr to be beatified.

EH. Medieval coins,

A Merovingian found in Schlotheim in Thuringia Gold coin from Vienne has around the royal head VIEN EIV FET(fit); on the back the Mtinzmeister name MARCEL- LVS, in the field a cross over a ball, to the side M A, in the PAX section. Among some other Merovingians, too one from Metz, is the rarest of Theodebert II King of Austrasia. Around the head TH:ODBER, on the back MANIIIO, in the AR field on the side of a cross.

The laurel-crowned bust of Charlemagne, but no Portrait but one modeled on the Roman imperial coins Head, shows what appears to be a still unknown silver coin from Trier. On the front it has KAROLVS IMP AVG, on the back TREVERIS around a building.

Among the German coins, 9 are from Badbergen East Frisian coins from finds made in Westphalia to highlight, an unedited one by Provost Imelo von Emden, others of Ocko II ten Brok, and of Sibo Papinga of Rüstrin- gen, whereby the strange series of rare chieftains coins that have only been in the coin cabinet for a few years have experienced desired enrichment.

One of the most important acquisitions is the one on the following page depicted coin of Landgrave Wilhelm I of Hesse, which he coined after his return from the holy land has. You can see the consecrated sword and beret on it Pope Innocence VIII gave him the coat of arms in Rome of Jerusalem in relation to the Order of the Holy Sepulchre, and the chain and the griffin hang on the Hessian coat of arms

Order of the White Stole. As far as I know, this is the only one Time that this Neapolitan Order is depicted. His Statutes can be found in an old German translation Vienna State Archives (Cod. 107); It follows that it is was an insignificant religious order of Mary, in which anoh women took part; the badges were one on the Marian fixed, etc. worn “stolkändel” (stole Candida?) and the Griffin, which usually had “white wings”, but which... brave deeds against the unbelievers were gilded. It seems. that the Hessian prince made these medals higher has valued than others and than they deserve.

This coin is followed by another Hessian coin also seems to be unknown as it is neither in the talog of the rich collection of Hessian coins of His Highness Prince Alezander of Hesse still in the work of Hoff- master described. It is 26 mm. large, has PHILIPP* DG-LANDGR-"Ejterrae; HASS1 nm the four-feVed Hessian Coat of arms, which has the lion in a heart shield. On the The back says MONETA- NONVA- (see above) ARGENT-HASSI ■ The Hessian lion to the left. The coin is an acre-thaler made of good silver, and weighs 3.49 grams.

The rare Danzig Dacat from 1577, which the city shaped, while King Stephen, who was not recognized by her Bathory besieging them filled a palpable void. This acquired bene copy is a contemporary, not a modern, copy

The acquisitions of the royal family Mäasksbinets from April 1878 to April 1879. 235

from the old stamps that still exist, which recently" have been imprinted.

The small silver coin depicted on plate number 11, a so-called called Artiger of the army master Freytag von Loringshaeven in

Lievland, 1486 to 1494, was still unknown; it comes from carrion

*

a small find made in Pomerania.

Foreign medieval coins are four to one The king's rare coins were purchased at the Copenhagen auction Hard to mention ; they are not barbaric, but have his clear name.

The coin of the Swedish King Anund is even rarer Jacob, 1022 - 1050, by the mint master Sewine in Sigtuna, not far from Stockholm.

On a thaler from Mary of Burgundy and her husband Archduke Maximilian wears them, contrary to their usual habits* lent images on coins, the tall and pointed Flemish ones Canvas hood.

The rows of Italian coins in the Royal Cabinets are rich and beautiful, made rare by some Pieces multiplied. Including the oldest papal silver coin, by Hadrian I, 772 - 795. This clever pope had himself in the Fighting of Desiderius and Charlemagne on the French Kish side, and was with the confirmation of the vision* by the Exarchate. It probably dates from there too the right of the Popes to hold office, the Emperor is not here yet, as on called the later coins. She has HADRIANV'S PAPA around the tonsured bust from the front, with I B on either side. On the back VICTORIA DNNv around a crutch cross on two steps, on the sides R M, below CONOB. So there are as you can see, Byzantine types, which are also from the oldest Lombards were also imitated in Benevento. Ahh the pointless CONOB of gold coins is repeated here. Whether I B the value designation often found on Byzantine copper coins

236 J- FriedUender,

tion remains doubtful; the 12th year of government, how to believed; It's certainly not, since it doesn't compare to any other books. staff changes; the R M on the back will mean Rome, Gold coins of the latest emperors often have R M in the field, in this sense.

This interesting and valuable coin comes full circle a beautiful set of other medieval papal coins on. also some in the provincial towns of the Papal States and minted in Avignon, two of the small coins of the Tribunate under Cola Rienzi, and the extremely rare one from Perugia, 1540 during the uprising against Pope Paul III, the so-called guerra del sale, minted billon coin. She has AVGVSTA P Cl VITAS CRISTI around a cross; one had the Savior on appointed lord of the city in the place of the Pope and his Statue with the city keys placed at its feet. On the back page SHERCVLANVS about this patron saint of the city. This small bronze coin is so rare because it was minted after the confiscated 7 and death penalty for possession of an exemplar plars was set. The silver coins, which were also minted all of them seem to have been destroyed.

Other rare Italian medieval dances were also recorded bought ; In addition to the existing silver coin, the billon Coin of Johannes de Vignate, who founded his hometown in 1403

Lodi submitted, and then Piacenza, until Duke Philip Maria Visconti of Milan, with whom he had a dispute, followed him Milan beckoned, and in return for the promise he had given He was escorted into a cage with the vignette on the walls bruised his head. The coin has + IOHANES DE VIGNATE, in the field JT 0. Muratori (at Argelati I, 79) and Bellini have these letters for p d Placentae Dominus viewed, but the second one is certainly an o; maybe it is a motto. On the back it says +PLAC 1 - LAVDE 3C around a cross.

The acquisitions d. Royal Münzkabiaeta Rome April 1878 to April 1879. 23?

The series of coins from Camerino was created by a tene from the time after the Varano were expelled in 1435, and the silver coin of Julia, the last heiress of the house Varano, went to the already existing golden one. She married 1534 the Quidubaldo della Rovere, but had to Camerino in 1538 to Pope Paul III. relinquish.

Heinrich von Guise from the Lorraine dynasty As is well known, after the defeat of Masaniello, the rulers office in Naples used for France; he has some silver and numerous copper coins minted. The Mttnz kabinet has now bought a large piece of copper, the same example plar, which is in the catalog of a thaler and medal collection of the Mttnz dealer Mr. Hess in Frankfurt am Main, 1878, No. 2471 and described in Thieme's sheets for coin enthusiasts 1877 plate 49, 16 is shown without text. It seems the Proof of stamps to be a piastra, not one Medal, because the individual letters that are in the field can also be found on the copper coins, and there Duke has minted silver tari, so he also likes the reticle had to beat Piastre, an intention that probably came through his fall was thwarted.

Mr. reports about the purchased oriental coins Directorial assistant Dr. He man:

»The Oriental ranks received one this year not inconsiderable increase, especially the non-Muhammad ones Danish coins. It is here primarily the acquisition the Lord's rich collection of Japanese coins To commemorate Consul General von Brandt, whose numerous revo* lution stamps and medals are a very desirable area- formation for the cabinet. Of particular cultural historical interest is also a gift from the commemorated Lord: Chinese coins in the Central Asian cities of Ush,

238 J Friedlatoder,

Jarqand and Aqsu defeated, with trilingual education script (Chinese, Mongolian, Arabic) according to the local mixed population. Even today's European ones Samples of minted coins from East Asia were acquired.

“Ours through the Guthrie collection and through one an earlier gift from Prof. Dj\ Bühler in Bombay such rich Indian collection was mentioned by the Gttfo Scholars have increased significantly again. Except for several He also gave one to a few coins, some of which were valuable entire discovery of the small copper coins of Kumara Gupta.

»They also purchased some Mohammedan coins Royal Collection by selecting from finds and individual ones Purchases a number of important pieces. Of coins with Sas- Sanid types are the interesting silver piece of the el Heggag ibn Jusuf with the full Mohammedan formula of faith mentioned. The Umayyads and Abbasids received, especially another from the Carnitz find, more than an ineditum; from Mün- zen of the older dynasties I hold as valuable two M. des Samanid Nuh ibn Mansur, as well as one of the Bistun ibn washing machine.

“About the sixth century of flight this may be a guess- A rare copper piece minted in Erzengan in Armenia “King of the Emirs, Shah Arik” belongs to that on plate no. 10. The last word in the field On the back one would be tempted to read Lazistan, an interpretation which would of course only fit Erzengan imperfectly.

»They are of particular interest, also for wider circles the Greek-Arabic coin of Dannnes from the small Asian dynasty of Danischmende (the beautiful, Volume XXX the time very. the DMG. pictured, copy), as well as the cross driver’s dinar from Acre.”

The acquisitions d. Royal Mftnzkabineto Tom April 1878 to April 1879. 239

Also on this year's, although of course not in number, We can look back with satisfaction on our acquisitions; the collection has made progress in all departments, in some quite considerable. And it wasn't good left to constant coincidences to collect valuable coins blow, but it has to make various efforts to do so not missing.

J. Friedlaender.

The forerunners of the value number OB in Roman

Gold coins.

For years with the stage of the coins of the Roman Empires from Aarelianns to Justinianus employed them like this The mayor's concern was often a question that was always my particular one Attention kept awake.

The first from Messrs. Julias Friedlaender and the Germans brought to light by the late Mr. M. Pinder The OB has the number 72. still shining today proven, and based on the few written sources len, but even more so on the more plentiful coins of this era The former has responded blow for blow to the attacks of the mostly French Reich and Italy opposed this interpretation and in the clearest words, without legal sophistication, probably deprived them of their weapons forever 1).

And this has me now, new supports for this building finding, also prompted, from the same forum who defended this thesis so well, my new reperta to make known.

My studies of the coins of Diocletian and Sections and other various chapters appearing later in the imperial period Individual letters also led me to those that were except

1) De U signiflcation des letters OB par J. Friedlaender, sec. edit. Berlin 1873.

Dr. A. Missong, The Forerunners 4. Werthiahl OB on Roman gold coins. 24 t

all connections with the so-called Ofticins numbers A, B, T, A, € S Z, H, O, (CA) I, IA, IB<), then I, II, III, IUI, or A, B, C, D and P, S, T, Q, V, VI, VII

did not focus on place names or words Moneta Sacra or Sacra Fabrica and are available in the various various mints repeated. And that's where I found it Gold at the time of the Diocletian Tetrarchy and the then with events related to the coming years Ser Severus II, Maximinus Daza, Constantinus Magnus, Maxen- tius and Licinius very often the IL and quite rarely and only in Diocletian the O alone. The former (IE) soon individually in Field soon appending the section letter. The latter (O) just in the field. And Columbus's egg, like Mr. Director Friedlaender my discovery (which I shared with him before printing) divided), called, grasping, I explain these two letters as value numbers, the S for 60, and the O for 70. And this are the forerunners of the OB, and with it the weight of the Diocletian's aureus, which had long been suspected, as Vau (-£) and partly before the introduction of the 3L (60s) as a transition to this stated as V70 (O) of the Aureus, and probably There is no longer any doubt that OB was also a value number 2).

1) While in the Christian era constant for the ninth Offlein (loco citato pag. 34) occurs as a sign of the 9th Offlein, one had until now in the In pagan times usually only A - H (1 - 8) were found. Then follows the double number 6A « € -}- A «= 5 -f- 4 = 9, whereupon again 1 = 10, IA=11u.b.w. follows. Yes, among the Antoninians of the Emperor Vhabalathus with Aurelian there are ea even a double letter AH = A-j-H = 1+H = 9. The reason, the number 9 in pagan times, when it would have been easier would be, lies in the shyness with which the ancients used the letter as the beginning of the Words tosot and toavaio* are avoided. Almost everyone finds themselves in the same way Greek years ending in 9 are 9, 19, 29 in Alexandrian Empress ounces given by the written number hviciov etc. with very rare exceptions.

2) Previous investigations by Dir. Fried- countries for the rarer doors and the more common 60s there* average weight of Diocletia« see Auraus as i/m — */ w Pf*»*.

242 Dr. A. MiMong,

In order to first dud all the Goldbinch sticks on this one Zeit sro, I got it from our most well-known hand** bnehe of Roman numismatics, from Cohen, in a series Ten Tables all gold letters of the Aurei and aneh of the multiples (so-called medallions) of the emperors in question were pulled out, some based on the originals, some based on parallel lelen or caused by other circumstances rectified and also according to other coins that I know of. In All of these books appear in the tables that follow. staves arranged according to mints, systemized, the well-known ones Letters separated from the unknown ones, whereupon the few unknowns (among these 3l and O) remain. And then only from these. Even if the tables are Counting all Cohen's numbers and lengthy letters it can only be useful once at least all of Cohen's Qoldbnchstabs are initially from Dio- cletian to constantin pretty much exelusive of his christians To find Aera together.

I must first say two words about those in these Tables of characters introduced by me. — The (f) before the word Paris as a source means that the piece in question once (usually before the theft in 1831) was in the Paris library.

The eye (♦) means autopsy, that I the piece itself or had before his eyes in a good impression, then decided wrote or rectified.

From the coin collection of the Supreme Imperial House in At the same time I improved all of Cohen's numbers, from the British Museum (London) and the Royal Museum in Berlin only those coins that contain Gonsnlat data. The For the sake of brevity, I will become the emperor

Maximianus Herculeus just Herculeus, Galerius Maximianus just Galerius,

The forerunners of the value fciafcl OB on Roman gold coins.

243

Constantius only ate chlorus, Maximinus Daza just Daza, Just call Constantinus Magnus Magnus.

CARAVSIVS (Gold). 1)

ALLECTVS (Gold).«)

Cohen

letters

■

Source

Cohen

BiMhttaban

Source

V. 11

ML

London

V. 1

ML

Hunter

12

ML

Wigan

2

ML

Wigan

13

RSR

Paris

3

ML

Tanini

4a

ML

Paris

4b

. SAT

Wiczay

<

ML

fParis

9

A

f Paris?!

10

MSL

Blacas

11

D

Hunter

1

2 3

6

H

12

16 17

17

20

SMA SMAX* SMAZ«

SMAZ*

X SM»

DIOCLETIANVS (Gold).

SMA

SMN

PR AQ

SMÄ SMAU* SMAU*

SMAX

SMA

Paris

Robert

Blacas

Paris

Paris Paris

Paris

Paris

Multiple with laurel wreath 13.8 gr.

,, ,, ,, 53.39 gr. (Coh.err.)

Multiple with laurel wreath 53.50 gr.

/Multiple with ray crown 13.10 gr. «{ Wiczay with a weight of almost 4 ff l d. i. under 14 grams.

I Coh. err. also Vienna -^ Also Wiczay.

Also Berlin

Like Berlin

So London

and Wiczay.

Vienna too «► Wiczay.

Paris

Defect according to Coh. Plate XI.

1) The exact reproduction of this book, which has little bearing on my investigations I leave the staff to Albion. The mainland springs are drying up here, perhaps 9 /t of all the kings of these two British emperors in England, to their glory let's say, are.

244

Dr. A. MiMong,

DIOCLETIANVS (Gold).

20

21

ad 21

24

25 26

27

32 34 35 36 37

38

39

42

44

45

ad 46

47

ad 47

ad 47

49

51

ad 51

52

53

53

ad 53

54 55

PM =

X SMA

SC* SC SC PK

SIS PT

I*

ALE SMT SMT PROM SMN PR

PR

PR

PROM

PR

TR

SMN

SMN

SMN

«SIS

SC*

_. I

SMA

T.S

SMA

T-S-

PT PR PR

PR

Ol SMA

Paris London Rollin London

Paris Paris

+ Paris

Vienna

Amßourt

London

Wiczay

Caylus

London Weimar

London

Blacas

Paris

Dannenberg

Wiczay

Paris

Rollin

Vienna

Caylus

Paris

According to Coh. err. and Act XI.

Without PF in Av. «^

Mnss at least according to the analogy with Maxen- tius PK (Carthage).

Also Vienna

Welzl wrong RT

With radiant crown

Also Vienna 4 & Wiczay and Welzl.

Partially fucked. Partially fucked.

but DIOCLETIANVS AVOVSTVS

Vienna

London

Paris Paris Vienna

Paris Vienna

{

with P F AVO Obverse only AV6

Also Wiczay, but not exactly, because Jupiter with him holding the ball with Victoria.

Z_

Welzl SMA incorrect.

Av. DIOCLETIANVS AVOVSTVS Be- iorb. Bust after 1. with spear and . Shield <4>

Also Vienna with the points that London don missing? <*> Welzl T«S- err.

Wiczay probably wrong P-P-F Av. PF instead of P

I

Also Rollin

London probably defective SMA Vienna ^ Rollin ^ Cat. Tavernost 815, where the O is described as a wreath.

• •

The forerunners of the value number OB on Roman gold coins. 245

DIOCLETIANVS

(gold) .

Collen

erroneous

Note

number

Reading

Reading

1

ad 55

oi:

SMA.

_ Ol SMA«?

M.D.G. de A***

Auct. Gat. Paris Rollin 1867.

56

IX J SMÄ

PR

12 SMA

Salis

Part.

• 58

Wiczay

Coh. err. Av. Wiczay is questionable.

60

■

PR

Paris

60

PR

Vienna

Av. adjunct. Head to the right. Rev. position of Jupiter to r. <^

62

PTR

Vienna

Av. without palud. Rev. as before «^

64

• SIS

Wiczay

Coh. err.

69

TR

London

70

€XXI

Khell

It certainly wasn't a gold stamp.

71

TR

+ Paris

74

PR

Vandamme

79

SMA =

IO SMA

Paris

Coh. err. Vienna Rollin Welzl.