Zeitschrift für Numismatik, vol. 2 — 1875

90

Literature.

The borrowed folder is not found in Berlin, Fox. The current view is that this site was built after 63 AD. are shaped to agree. You can see the style and size These coins directly match those of Aiax, as we know - partly borrowed the head and the inscriptions of Augustus this title. — The two given by Mommsen 'Family tables are as follows:

8adala

rox Thraciae a. 679

Cotjrg

rox Thraciae a. 697. 706

8adala

rex Thraciae,

712

Polemocracy

Cotys

rex Thraciae f ante a. 738.

Khescuporis liheri

rex Thraciae

impubcs a. 738,

•r a. 743.

Bhoemotalces

rex Thraciae a. 743

76Ö Y ante a. -yy-

Cotjs^Antonia Tryphaena

rex partiä Thra- ciae f ante

Khescnporis

rex partis Thraciae

772 remotui» a. -.y-

Khoemetalees

rex parts Thraciae

. 7T2

aba. -j^.

, , 779

ad a. cert •-kt

Attack.

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94 literature.

the introduction of the metric pound of 500 grams sets. (p. 19) The low-value Prague groschen with Wences Despite this number of names, lans tercius are not from W. III (1305-1306), but by W. IV (1378-1419), cf. Reichel lU P. 218. (P. 19) Homgroschen doesn't already exist from Friedrich U (1324-49), but only by Ernst Albert and Wilhelm (1464- 82), cf. Wagner Saxon Gr. P. 67, Böhmer Sachs. Gr. Eab. p.42. Ibid. (p. 19) is about an older variety of Groschen Ka- simirs UI V. Poland with Gross. 1. Pragenses spoken, which preceded the well-known ones with Gracovienses. pieces of the However, the message in question is not known to the former type absolutely lacks authentication (see Bandtke p. 15), would have should therefore remain unmentioned. (p. 20) The oldest branch However, the Denburg groschen with the year is from 1481, but not under Johann, who only came to the Kurwtlrde in 1486, but under his father Albrecht Achilles, of course by Johann shaped as its governor. (p. 21) The dncati^ the Boger II of Sicily are said to have had struck, were not gold sons but silver coins of low value (Mader V p. 37), so they were here only with these additions, or better not to mention it at all. By the way, ducats and florenes are not generic Values, but only differentiated in character, and Qoldgolden is originally just the German name for Floren, which only came into being with the salary reductions that are gradually occurring in Germany tion began to denote something else, like Grote's (Mttnzstud. I p. 151) is excellently developed. Not just in These Florentine people were minted in France, but not outside in Italy itself and in Germany also in Hungary and in Spain. But a coin like the S» 21 described (the but not from Louis IX) with Lilienkreai nnd Xpe vincite &c. you can't call it Floren. (p. 23) Waram d^ well-known Floren Duke Albrecht II v. OesterreiGh just lur There is no way of knowing that Kämthen will be defeated. (p. 22)

Litoi»ftar. %

GMdgQlden of 18 K. 6 Qr. are by no means the worst, the Lttttieher Horngulden (Enapkocks) e.g. B. are much lower, eB there are those that look like silver and nnr ^4 l'blr. Werth have. (p. 23) Like the old Thalers, they were equated with the Qoldgnlden were taught by the transcription m(meta nova Status floreni Rhen^isis a thaler from Bremen Archbishop Johann (Madai 720). The statement made there that the oldest thalers are without a year, and the series of years beginning with 1520 is incorrect; because apart from the apocryphal Mainzer from 1438 nnd the remaining Arendschen Thalem (see Mttnzstnd. I), apart from the silver strike of Max and's wedding coin Maria from 1477 (Mad. 3845) and her medal-like thaler from 1479, including the Tyroleans from 1484 and 1486, the precious Lorraine from 1488, that of Emperor Max I, the Just mentioned Bremen from 1511, various Saxon, Gölner, Bemer, Solothumer, etc. ignored. (p. 26) Clip pens were by no means just used as emergency and siege weapons It would therefore have been beaten by Marcus instead of the Salzburg ones Sitticus, who do not have this character, but rather those of Landau, Jülich, Breda, Aire, etc. should be cited. (p. 29) Since there has been little talk of the technology so far, were suddenly surprised by the news that with us since 1816 being pissed in the ring; this would probably have provided an explanation serves. (p. 34) By no means did Peter the Elder. Gr. the Russian script introduced on the coins, but has just the opposite first tried to apply the Latin while up to him that Russian was exceptionally the military script and language. — Despite the exhibitions that have been made, the small loss remains always worth reading and gives some suggestions; she leaves We wish that the author would continue his numismatic studies higug may be tested and utilized literaryally elsewhere.

H.D.

96 fan no.

Müller, L., Nnmismatique de rancienne Afrique. Supple ment. Copenhagen (Paris, Leipzig] 1874. 4. 96 p. u. lü Taff. The author of the excellent numismatics of ancient Africa gives Here are the additives and ingredients collected with the greatest care. improvements that have been necessary since the work was published have become; A detailed register is included entire work. — Of great interest is the p. 21 ab- formed gold coin: Zeus head Rf. PI ZA Blitz (Rollin and Feu- ardent, Wigan Collection], which Bompois' view, that of Prokesh east to Pisa in Elis given gold coins listening to Cyrene, seems to be completely refuted. Prokesh' and Müller's view that these coins really belong to Eleischen Belonging to Pisa shines through the newly published piece exactly matches the types of silver coins from Elis, secures. — The inscription on the tablet would be striking. m shown The coin of Juba II and his wife Cleopatra the unorthographic inscription (C)6A6N . . — The sup- plement contains a total of 156 that have not yet been described in the work or pieces that differ from those described. The beige The three panels and numerous woodcuts are excellent. lich executed. A v S

Numismatics Chronicle IV. London 1873. Plates XI—XIII. Head, B. V., the Greek autonomous coins etc. Conclusion of the Selection from the Wigan collection. First some Zn- sentences, also about Friedlaender's interpretation of the coins from Orcho- menus, then descriptions of excellent pieces by Myti- lene. Clazomenae (the big one, the Berlin Fox') can see far the following silver coin by the artist Theodotus), Erythrae Gold coin with the head of Heracles and standing Artemis, Antioch, ApoUonia, Salbace Gariae, Geramus, Halicamassus, Sebastopolis, Taba, Pixodarus, lalysus with the city name on both sides and the well-known types, Megiste, Isindns, ApoUonia Pisidiae,

Literature. 97

Termessas, Soli, Zephyrion, Cyprus (Citium, Euagoras I and and^« Kömgsmünzen with Cypriot inscription), Attalea, Bagis (not Bagae, as is usually spelled), Daldis, Cay- striani^ Mostene, Philadelphia, Tabala, Thyatira, Aezani, Amo- rinm, Ancyra, Enmenia, Fulvia Phrygiae (published by Wad- dington, voyage etc.), Colossae, Armenia Artaxias I. (?), Artavasdes I, Larissa Syriae, Orthosia, Persian Royal mttnzen, Bactrian kings: Antimachns, magnificent me in Electrotype present tetradrachmon; the head of magnificent work. Diodotus II and Agathocles, Enthydemus and Aga- thocles, Encratides with Heliocles and Laodice (drachma) — Arsinoe 11. Tetradrachm, Ptolemy IV, Cyrene - below a previously unknown tetradrachm with Ammon's head in it ^4 en face (Electrotyp in Berlin) of great style and finest execution, Barce, Oea, Macaraea Syrticae (?), Tingis. — This is followed by a supplement from J. P. Six in Amsterdam, which cher the silver coin with MEP that was sent around many times Namely unknown old town of Neapolis Peucetiae gives; p. In 333 the head was placed on the Pergamene royal mttnzen fttr Eumenes II explained (the old characteristic for Attalus L). But that would be strange for a living person laurel wreaths are common on these coins. — Also contributions (Oriental coins) by Sauvaire and St. E. L. Poole as well as the negotiations of the Numismatic Society; in it p. 8 Mention of the tetradrachm of the new Bactrian king Plalo (Brit. Mus., Electrotyp in Berlin): Helmet head, dem Euoratides similar. Rf, Helios in a foursome; BAZIAEI2Z Eni

A.V.S. Nmmismatise magazine, ed. v. d. numismat. petellichlich in Vienna, edited by Dr. Jos. Karabaeek. Fourth

Z«iUeli/(n f. NnmUm. II. 7

98 literary.

Year 1st half of 1872. Vienna 1874. Self-published by d. society, Commission at BraumUller u. Sohn. 160 p. and VII Taff. — Blue, 0., coins of the Odrysian prince Sadok. Blue writes the silver coins previously thought to be from Asia Minor (Ciliic): Pallas head on the left Rf. Pallas head from vom (Mionn. III 663, 65) the Odrysian prince Sadok 2adwxog, who was dependent on the Persian king Sadoxog Thuc.), around 430 BC. C, to and reads the Phoenician Transcription le Sadok ipelek, while other scholars Arke, Ariakes etc. read. But Thucydides' Sadokos is kept for identical to Amadokos; pretty old copper coins one Amadokos are known (e.g. Neumann num. pop. et reg. 11, IV No. 1 6 under Maronea] . The style of the silver coins doesn't have that slightest resemblance to any Thracian coin and is entirely Cilician; one copy also has that in Cilician Coins so frequently occurring cut (test of the authenticity of the piece of silver). Blau considers vom's head of Pallas to be that of Dynasts or satraps. The casts of the Paris specimens but prove that there is one that exactly matches the front voiced Pallas with the usual hairstyle of the same and collar is. So the new allocation of the coin is extremely worrying.

Prokesh-East, A. v., Orodes, King of Armenia, Son Artaban HI. A strange copper coin: Hf. Female head with a wall crown (that's what I believe by analogy) whose arsacid coins, not as Prokesch thinks, come with a tiara Rays etc.) Bf. Female head with veil. DCT YREP BEPETAIOY. )^. ^b. In the year 326 of the Selendden Era ruled Artaban UI; Prokesh gives the coin because of the value dung of the heads to the right, not to him, but to his son and underking Orodes (— 18 AD). I have firtther on that Example of the Tetradrachms and Drachms Arsaces^ V., which have the head now to the right, now unkshin, shown that the Opinion that the turning of the head to the right is Zeieben one

Literature. 99

nnterköniglicheii pregiing, is untenable. The monogram will pointed to Gharax. — In any case, what is certain is that the remarkable worthy caps belonged to the Parthian Empire; she resembles them well-known small ^ with AIOY and others.

Neudeck, J., Unedirte etc coins from my collection Roman reduced consular copper. The author issues his rich Roman collection containing almost 300 pieces Consular Eufer coins 29 new varieties.

Kenner, Fr., On the treatise (Mommsen's]: Imperator title of Titus. Experts verify the two things described by Cohen benen pieces: Coh. I, 345, 35 and 358, 154 as entirely correct Read carefully and pay attention.

Kolb, Josh. y., Unraveled symbols on Diocletian's coins and Maximians. A pretty and undoubted discovery: on Maximian's Billondenaren it says XXI

A — HP on Diocletians: A — I

or B - KOY B — O

or r — AI r — Bl

So the series of three Ofticines results next to the number A, B, r : HPKOYAI and lOBI , rjQxovh and ioß$, d. i. The genitive of the nickname Herculius is written in Greek Maximian and Jovius with Diocletian.

Tauber, A. A silver medallion of the Emperor Phocas. A Important, unedited piece: DN FOCAS RR AVG. Unbearded Bust to the right. Rf. Cross and two palm branches. size 31-33 millimeters. Weight 13.95.

Also contributions by Luschin, Ernst and Sturdza

(Moldova and Wallachia, interesting monograph. Especially

Apart from the medieval ounces, those of the two are strange

ephemeral adventurer job. Heraclides Despota 1561 - 1503 and

Ivania 1574] .

A.V.S.

100 literature.

Revue Numismatique pabl. p. J. de Witte et A. de Lengp6rier. Parist874. No. 1. No. 2. Koag6, J. de, Monnaies of the name of Egypt. Plates I - II. This treatise is has already been discussed in the first volume of the magazine. Longp6rier A. de, Denier in^dit du roi Baoul. Deschamps de Pas, L., Essai etc. (the Counts of Flanders from the House of Austria] Plate EU — IV. — In the Chronique Longperier talks about Gai- dener's essay on TPIH and on the two coins of Cyrene with AAMflKYPAZ next to the standing Hermes and AAMflKYPANA next to the head of Artemis. I want against Müller (Suppl. 11) agree with Longp6rier's view, who sees these epithets as epithets of the deities. — P. 113 - 116 about the collection purchased by the state. lish coins de Saulcy's. It is a pleasing phenomenon that despite the unfavorable time, the French government and Chamber of Deputies for this famous collection 200,000 francs have approved.

Longperier, A. de, Pelops et Hippodamie, m^daillon de Smyme. Magnificent bronze medallion of Antoninus (collection Margaritis) with Pelops in the chariot of the veiled bride the hand is enough. The inscription is n€AOy. An interesting one Side piece is the very old tetradrachm from Himera with riEAOy in a pair, in the Princely Waldeck collection lung in Arolsen, published by Friedlaender, Berliner Blatter für coin box Bd. I. — Saulcy, F. de, Note sor. quelques mon- naies in^dites d'Ascalon. A series of extremely strange coins Zen of Ascalon. The didrachms are particularly important the Ptolemaecr, including Cleopatra (M. Antoniij: head of the king nigin right hin Rf, AZKAAfl(NITflN) lEPAZ KAI AZY- AOY eagle with palm branch, monogram dove and LN € (but According to the illustration, the € is part of the inscription, like an ul in l4axaXwviTwv)\ Ptolemaic head. Bf. as before but LNS (after of the figure L N |d ^ the {3 is the 12 of the transcription AZKA-

Litoniiir. 101

AfiNITfin). — Longp^rier, Ä. de, Monnaies de la Cha- raetae. Le roi Obadas. Plate V. The coins of the new Ohara ceniBchen King Obadas seems to have the years 458, 460, 478 (146 - 166 AD). So Obadas was a contemporary of Antonin and M. Aurel. — Deschamps de Pas, L., conclusion of the essay on the M. of Count v. Flanders from East Drr. home. Plate VI—VIII.—In the Chronique article by Cha- bouillet about those found at Volterra, the discovery of Coins similar to Auriol (Gamurrini Period. di num. etc. 1872). — t Longp^rier, A. de, Coins of Mantinea: Bär Bf. MA, dolphin; in quadratum incusum ^3 and: bear Rf, trident in the quadratum incusum M 3. Fox, Berlin; Ichnae in Macedo nien MOA * XI [1%volov or Ixvaiov) man with horse to the left. Rf. Bad. AI 5 (Brit. Mus., correctly determined by Lambros). — Further comments on the essay I discussed by Kolb in the Vienna magazine. —Robert, C, Jean d'Azilliöres. Longpärier, A. de, Ducat de Borso, Marquis

G. L. Schlumberger: Des bractöates d'AUemagne. Con- sid^rations g6n6rales et Classification des fypes principaux. Paris, A. Franek. 1873. 8. 429 p. 8 Kupfertaff. — Pleasing at the same time and this work is shameful for us Germans: pleasing in that it summarizes what we have in more detail for a century and a half on the subject in question is written, but it is shameful because we are responsible for this leaving work to a stranger. The shame releases We would be partly spared if, as Mr. Author notice, Mr. Lietzmann the same thing that had been announced for so long work has brought it close to completion. You will then follow . whose appearance can hardly be regretted, that the same work has been done twice; because apart from the deviations caused by the external valve, as caused by the accidents

102 Literature.

unity of the purpose of two such different research projects are due to shear reasons, the present book has mainly primarily aimed at a French readership. Like necessary and how useful it is in this direction, that- for the letter de Saulcy bears witness, with which it is leads: the highly deserving person confesses here in the most amiable manner Scholars the contempt born of complete ignorance tung, which he has so far presented to the bracteates, their but now, after careful study of the highly interesting thoroughly ashamed of this book. If anything^ becomes like that The confession will cause the eyes of our people across the Rhine Neighbors also focus on this branch of antiquity people, with whom they are now, for better or worse, getting closer to something Get ready to make acquaintances.

Mr. S.'s work naturally consists of a general one and a special part. In that one (pp. 3 - 155) he speaks from the concept of the word bracteate, the time of its creation hung, their geographical distribution, the nature of their imprint, their types, etc., in short, everything that goes into the prolegomena ad doctrinam numorum bracteatorum belongs to all of this with the most thorough knowledge of our old and new literature, in Briefly contrast the differing opinions, and choosing the best everywhere with critical tact.

Then there is an overview (pp. 1 59 - 405) of all of them Bracteates of our fatherland, including those of it, are not allowed between Switzerland and Bohemia, and here in full a constantly sufficient list of all mints and the individual mint lords, and their bracteates clearly outlined, for an uninformed reader like him the Mr. The author would have to assume that his compatriots his description, no matter how excellent, would have remained incomprehensible. If he didn't have pictures of at least some of them of the most important samples illustrated. These in yarn

Literature. 103

Well-done illustrations on 8 plates and their explanation on pp. 409-424 form the end of the work. They are with you Except for some of the originals borrowed from Posem Collection of the Hm. Author, and is therefore missing some of the most important ones like the one with Henry the Lion's picture, the Goslarian with Adam and Eve, the Halberstädter with the Apotheosis of the Protomartyr Stephen, any one, preferably the Mühlhäuser, Barbarossa etc., which are essential would have contributed to completing the picture.

However, this obviously affects the customs bility of the work just as little as the minor ones that follow Exhibitions, which, however, only have a fleeting sample presentation of the same. (p. 7) Hungary would also have should be mentioned among the bracteate countries. (p. 29) The peculiar small Westphalian denarii, which come with a lot with a large stamp (Wewelinghöfer) are not out the X. and XI. year, but only begin in the XHI. century (p. 41] The bracteates of Bishop Bernhard of Hildesheim, If there are eight at all, they are by no means the most beautiful to include; Instead they would have those of Duke Bernhard von Saxony and the Magdeburg Wichman should be called, which at least in the majority has the bracteate style in its show the highest development and follow Kugler's saying internally that the German art of that time in some of its works had reached the threshold of completion i). (p. 66) Here the author is the only one, admittedly only recently published bracteate of Otto I of Brandenburg with German Transcript 2) missed. (p. 82) Instead of PAX NOS, read tn PAT(er)NOS(ter) , as is also correctly stated on p. 321. (p. 125) The misconception that before the middle of the XIH. century

1) Kiigler*s KanttgeMhIehte Vol. II, p. 201.

2) Hubef's omnismat. Time. II, &24.

1 04 Literature.

I didn't mint any half pennies as bracteates, *iBt p. 244 corrected. (p. 151) The name Erbstein seems to the Hm. Author. to designate a single writer, whereas four carry it, of course a unique example in coinage: the Grandfather, son and two grandchildren. (p. 167) were among the stamps of Otto II. the strange ones with SCIQU^DEDI* eT*eSBIQT (Köhne ffl, p. 369) should be mentioned. (p. 177) One of the oldest bracteates in Silesia that are so characteristic should at least be depicted; Of course they seem to be there Our books are pretty much silent about it, almost according to the author to have remained unknown. As is well known, Mr. Baron Saurma presents a comprehensive work on this dark part. (p. 182) The alleged smaller bracteates from Opole are Others, probably with greater rights, prefer the German one Order. (p. 183) Not Becker's Sobieslaw, but rather I have declared a Wartislaw to be extremely suspicious (Berl. Bl. I, p. 170 note), the former, however, only from Pommem (Pomerelles) directed away to Bohemia (as is also correctly stated on p. 400); The discovery of Bode, among other things, guarantees its authenticity. vitz, who also has the WADISLAVS RSX described above contains. (p. 184) The Caminer bishop 1202-1209 is not named Siegismund, but Siegwin. The one attributed to the former But bracteate has Magdeburgische Fabrik and its transcription is SIGIS except for the first letters, which is just one will be the work of chance, meaningless (“pseudo-legend”, like Mr. S. expresses himself). (p. 216) Here is the explanation of the C AT I in the well-known Blankenburg bractates, in which Sehoe nemann sees a synonym of the title of count through AdvoCATI or Conr AT I notableh. The latter would be, for example, according to Ana- logy of the ALbeRT of Magdeburg or the BeRßRRDI of Saxony etc. probably not so impossible. (p. 217) The big one Reinsteiner Bracteate Plate UI, 32 is probably significantly older than that of Heinrich HI. 1303—1334. (p. 221) Not bracteates,

Literature. 105

but it is denarii that bear the inscription BRSRSn. (p. 260) The bracteate with MIND9NSIS SVM is fake. (p. 261) For the sake of completeness, the Luxembourger Bracteate (hollow penny) of Elisabeth v. Görlitz (Berl/Bl. V, Plate LXI, 15) can be mentioned. (p. 266) The bracteate with ALB€RTVS CLCCT D*S* is not wrong, just read incorrectly electus dnx Saxoniae, while the true one Reading €L€CTVS and its correct location is in Magdeburg. (p. 278) CVNRAD should be read instead of CVRRAD. (p. 323) The Bracteate with MONETA DE PEINE is in one Outlawed specimens in the local K. Museum. (p. 389) Clear Specimens show that not hec e gracia^ but hec e moneta can be read.

The usual bookselling recommendation formula is Here in its place: this excellent book should not be available to any collector and no Mttnz connoisseur will miss it. The initiate will also Even if it doesn't lead to any new research of our own, not read without interest and often just for reference. can use. Of course, in the latter respect it suffers from Affliction of most French publications, because it lacks page headings throughout, generally has Parts no divisions at all indicated, and even in that special parts complicates the imperfect^ printing equipment tung the so necessary quick search, which also through no alphabetical table of contents. And furthermore Actual quotes are also missing, although Mr. Author needs by providing evidence of the main literature the individual departments have been accommodated to some extent.

The price is particularly in view of the excellent design in lieu of the most famously known Yerlag plot a massive one and makes it suitable for widespread distribution. jj p

Publishing house of Weidmannschen BtehhAndlang (J. Reimer) in Berlin.

Print Yoa Br«ltkopf * Bärtal in Leipdf .

Zeus Troios, Zeus Asei and Zeus Osogo.

There is a famous nickname for Zeus in a bioniem dance from Hierapolis in Phrygia (27 million tall), she seems to be 60 years old nnedirt; Z€VC TPfilOC stands around the very nice one to the right turned head of the god, the hair is of a narrow type gang surrounded; the flip side has l€PAnOA€ITAN and the Ap

On a coin from the also Phrygian city of Laodicea There is an inexplicable nickname in the K. collection: ZCVC AC6IC next to the head of the god, which is shown here with ancient typically stiff curls and a band around the hair. is provided. The reverse shows a goat. This coin is too published in the Revue numismatique 1851 p. 173, and one second of the same city, which has the head of Aelius Caesar the front has; the downside becomes a. a. 0. described like this:

1) Not from JalU in Phrygia, like Overbeck Greek mythology says; it doesn't say lOYAlEON on the mfinie but lAIE^N; Mfonnet had this has already been corrected.

Z^itMhrift f. Namita. U. 8

108. J- Friedlaender,

AC6IC AAOAIK6UJN Jupiter debout toum6 ä g., la main droite pos6e sur les coraes d'une ch^vre debout k ses pieds.

Other coins from Laodicea are of a similar type, but the "Zeus" holds a child in his left arm while here too the goat is standing next to him. ^) Eckhel explained this one Type of Zeus with the young Bacchus and the goat, in which he transforms this child. Just a beautiful coin K. Collection with the head of the Domna and this type clearly shows that the man is holding a harpa in his right hand, So it's Saturn with little Zeus and Amalthea.^^

Two explanations are presented for aseis in the review: beat: either it comes from a Semitic root word to derive from aziz, which means eximius, or from Ikaig, the another, poetic form for Haia. Then it would be I^aiauy, dg mean.

I daclite an aoeiarog; Laodicea stood on volcanic land Boden, Strabo says (p. 578) et '^oq rig akkti xai fj AaodUeia svaeiGTog; Such a city would probably have its patron god aasiarog can name. The improbable abbreviation alone number could not be explained, as there is still room for several bookkeeping staben was.

The head of Zeus Aseis is completely similar to that of the Z€VC AVAIOC on a Sardinian coin, and this leads to the Phyle Asias in Sardis, which Herodotus IV, 45 names and on the aaiog leifiwv on the left bank, famous for its fertility of Caystrus between Sardis and Laodicea; after Strabo a much-visited sanctuary there.

1) Leake calls a coin from the OtacUia with this type the goat a deer, this is wrong.

2) If we can detect a Saturn here, we must find another delete: the coin from Sardis with the head of Antinous, Mionnet IV 126. 715, does not have Saturn with little Zeus, as described there; on the Beautiful example from the K. collection, the man hands the child a grape So it's Silenus with little Bacchus.

Zeas Troios, Zeus Aseis and Zeus Osogo.

109

If one can refer Aseis to this, then WVrde does not Zens aaioTixog designate, but the Lydian, its cultns ^I would have spread from Sardis to nearby Laodicea. On the city of Asia in Lydia, which Stephen and Suidas call, you shouldn't think. ^)

A strange figure, representing a Carian Zeus can be found on some coins from Ceramus. This one three imperial coins are also marked like this according to their inscriptions- falling that they require a discussion. The first is located in the Municipal Collection of Trieste, whose director is Mr €. Kunz sent them to me for reading and explanation and the Pnblication has kindly permitted him: the drawing will also be given to him owes to the same.

On the front it has A VTOK jaro^a KAICaja ANTflNINON CeSaatov eVaeßi;. On the downside, not- (iXiog MM and OBMICTOK/KHC nPOTOACONAIC K6PAMI-

The second half of this inscription is incomprehensible, whether probably clear almost everywhere; in HPOTO and ACON the Oh no doubt, the A in A€ON is not certain, and that IC in AlC is very questionable.

1) The existence of this city does not seem to be certain. The two of her Minted coins are quite unsafe, the only autonomous one has the types from Apamea. AXIEHN could easily be read instead of (An)AMEnN (man •before the illustration in Haym); on the only imperial coin marked ACIA certainly the province.

8*

HO J> Friedlaender,

If you divide RPOTO A€ON AlC, then two times would be O written instead of Ol, while on the VS. the oil is correct^ also AGflN on an autonomous coin from Ceramus. E» Two civil servants without titles would then be mentioned here, probably working chonten, Themistocles would be nqütov Archon, Leon dlg. For dai^ devTeQOv expected after 7TQ(a%ov ^tg also occurs elsewhere^ so several times on coins from Chios €ni APXONTOC nP€U MOY AlC-i)

This number adyerbium, which is completed If the circumstances fit, the preterite aQ^ag also corresponds to the next coin.

Perhaps another one can be found in another collection Coin of this city, which instead of this inadequate explanation granted a better one. The most likely option would be a title of Themistocles.

Another coin of the same emperor with the same description amten was in AUier's collection; Sestini^) read^ AIAI 0€M€ IflNON KCPAMIHTÄN, Dumersan's curse- current description is incorrect ^) , we stick to his good description education. The KS. has AIAI OGMICTOKAHZ MYflNON KCPAMIHTQN^);, Sestini's lÖNON, and Dumersan's MYß- So NON are in the same place as nPOTOA€ONAIC on the first coin, and are just so incomprehensible!

The type here is: Zeus in a cloak with patera and scepter. at his feet the eagle.

The third coin, minted under Commodus, is in the K. Collection, unedited and shown here. The VS. has

1) Mionnet III, 276. HO nnd S. VI, 400. 100 n. 102. APX A TO A in Daldis has Pellerin M^anges II, 195, but Mionnet reads from the same copy TO B. The examples from Chios are sufficient.

2) Latvian cont. VI, 45.

3) Catalog of the Allier collection p. 90 plate XVT, 22.

4) Mionnet S. VI, 479. 209 repeats Dumersan's description, the image He didn't pay any attention to fertilizer, Dumersan had forgotten to quote it.

Zetu Trolof, Zeai AmIs and Zeas Oiogo. 111

AV-KAI-A-AVP KOMMOAOC AVP on the laurel

crowned head of the emperor with the Palndamentuni. The KS. M KA €PMO^ANTOC APZAC KCPAMIHTflN- >)

The QQiag is andaUeod, it corresponds to the dig zijy ninäxr;» ^Pt* äf^ayra, which Eckbel cites based on a stone inscription. At the beginning I don't know an example, unless the death sentence Hadrian's published lementi ^j should apply, to which he -'■ niTAN APEAC ATAIMOC depicts; whether this Lesnn^ If you trust me, that's it, because the coin was bad. lialten. ATAIMOC cannot be correct in the text ■Sanclemend ETAIMOC, maybe ETAH*10C za read.

The type of this third MUtue combines the types of both of those punished under Antoninn, the Zens of the second and second

So we find three figures of the Carian coins Zens: on those of Mylasa and others the Stratios of La- tirsnda, then on those of Ceramns the usual representation with the eagle, finally on other of Ceramns the newly Found figure, similar to Stratios with double ax and lance, «About otherwise different.

1). PMO^ . . . does flln«r Latonomen coin from Ceiioiui (Kennet and OiU- bettm, MQniunmlaBg toh St. Florian) lit TleUeicht iPMO^avioc ti supplement. 3) Tb. n, p. 197. TiM XIX, 130,

112 «^* Friedlaender, Zens Troios, Zeus Aseis and Zeus Osogo.

We also have three names of Zeus in Caria. Strabo says (edited by Kramer XIV p. 659) sxovai d* ol MvXaaeig legä ovo tov Jibg^ %ov tb X)üoy(jj xalov^ivovy xat ^aßQavdrjvov ^ TO fiip Iv Tfj tioXbIj %ä de Aaßqavda xd^rj iarlv x.t.L Tqitov d^ iativ UQov xov Kaqiov Jioq kloivov andvtwv KagtSv. So 1) a barbaric Osogo, who also had two stone inscriptions Mention Mylasa. ^) In Pausanias (VIII 10, 3) he is called 'OycJor (in Acc.) but according to Krämer it can also be read as ^Oaoyat will; 2) the Labrandenus or Stratios; 3} all cookers common, which was named XQvaaogevg after Strabo. This one triple Zeus in Carien has 0. Jahn (Annali XTV, p. 200) properly recognized. The Labrandenus is often depicted Chrysaoreus is in the usual form with an eagle and a patera want to know whether it is right; that he is on Mttnzen by Ceramus appeared, could not be noticed, since Strabo, where he speaks of the ovarifjiiia xQvoaoQeov, which is the Carian Cities formed, says: ol ii nkelarag naQex^pievoi xwfiag ttqo- ixovai ifj tfji^g>(p9 xa&aneq Kefa^ulrai. Since Ceramus therefore has one If it takes precedence, it could well be the common God have staked his coins.

If this were correct, the barbaric Osogo would remain ancient traditional figure of our two caps from Ceramus, which once assembled with the Chrysaoreus. This Xoanoa Like Labrandenos, he wields a double ax and a lance, but separates himself from him through nakedness and through that Lions. 2) Such representation of ancient images of gods corresponds particularly clearly the spirit of the age of the Antonines, to which this Coins belonging to Ceramus.

1) C.I. Gr. No. 2693 f. and No. 2700; Böckb thinks that the NominattT of Named "will have been ^Oaoy^i.

2) The Lion and Zeus Labrandenos are the types of the coin de» Carian King Hecatomnns.

J. Frieälaender.

Hadrian's travel coin.

The one pictured on Hadrian's arrival in Spain regarding denarius differs from the other silver and bronze Coins that relate to this event. The Denarius seems to be extremely rare because only that only copy of the British Ma&enms is described: on This and the bronze coins are according to the information Hadrian and Hispania at an altar, and in front of or behind There is a sacrificial beer there. Our D«nar stands against this the two figures in front of a trio, and not a sacrificial beer but there is a LOwin standing between them, who is joining them Grabbing the Emperor is averted. The narrow switches and the long curved tail clearly show that this is a Animal belonging to the cat gender, and the relationship between them The common sense is that it is a big one. Also on

1 14 *^* Friedlaender / Htdrian travel coin.

«In a bronze medallion of Gonstantin the Great with the surrounding font Gloria saeculi virtus Caess. needs a lioness, here one seated, her head down to the emperor's feet.

The question arises as to whether such animals existed in Hadrian's time came over from nearby Africa and is native to Spain were. Strabo mentions nothing about animals Spain speaks. But as we know, they are on Hadrian's travels The coins in question are not in the countries mentioned therein but rather minted in Rome, so it remains possible that the Roman Due to ignorance, the die cutter is an unsuitable animal and that is why this stamp no longer exists had been used ; this would increase the rarity of our coin explain.

J. Friedlaender.

Taulara in Pontus, niaM Aulari in Paphlagonia.

DmHerBan has in the catalog of the AUier collection (De- scription des m^dailles antiquesj p. 66 and plate X no. 14 a Coin with the inscription AVAAPfiN published and a city Aulari in Paphlagonia. In his short list Unfortunately, he does not say whether or where he bought the coins from this city mentioned, I wasn't able to find the name find ; perhaps Dumersan has one just from the coin inscription formed such a city name. Mionnet S. VI 565^ 93 followed him; He cannot be blamed, because for a collection like this nige, it was impossible to trace every message transmitted reason to go.

From Trebizond the K. Münzkabinett is an imprint of one another copy was received, which clearly shows TAVAAPfi(N) therefore the coin belonged to the Pontic city of Taulara, which is mentioned several times by writers >) TdXavQa. The coins, on the other hand, have TavXaga,

The condemnation expressed by Hamilton Besearches I p. 359 muthung that Talaura and Gaziura are two names of the same place,

1) PlaUrcb Lucallas 19, Appitn Mithridttict 115, Dio Ctssias 35, 14.

116 J- Friedlaender, Taultra in Pontns not Anlari in Ptphltgonien.

is not confirmed by the coins, because a coin of Gaziura with the same guys differs considerably in style off. These types come in Paphlagonian and Pontic not uncommon in cities; except in the two mentioned too in Amastris Sinope Amisus Chabacta. The item on the The downside is sometimes called a sword, sometimes called a quiver, but it is probably always a sword.

The ducal collection in Gotha has also recently owned zem, as Professor Dr. Pertsch reports, a copy the Mtnze of Taulara, it has the same as the Auier's Monogram from IIAV in the field, and also perhaps at the top on the left there is a second one, which, however, is not clear. The specimen in Trebizond, the copy of which I have, has no monogram.

J. Friedlaender.

A legionary coin of Augustus.

The king's silver coin shown here). coin cabinets, a Unicum, as far as I know, is published by Beger ^) and there- after being mentioned by Eckhel. ^) Morell has them among the Caps of M. Antonius depicted ^] ; this is certainly a repeat Reproduction of Beger's illustration, taken from Havercamp's text there is no indication from where it is taken; Havercamp is surprised I wonder why Morell placed her with the Antonia family faith: because a lion was also honored on certain things in Lugdunum th quinary of M. Antonius occurs and because one at Legion coins first think of M. Antonius. *)

Then Sestini has the royal in it. coin cabinet concerning The same copy was published for the following parts of his letters^) and the question confused. Because, probably through Morell seduced, he states that it is • • • • NT behind the head, of which

1) ThetAunis Brandenburgicus II, 538.

2) Doctrine VI, 51.

3) Familiarum rom. nnmismtu, Antonia p. 30. Plate 11. IV.

4) Morell asked for a strange bronze figure on plate 4. VIII with the seven covering heads of Antony and Cleopatra, and ANTON... and a running lion on the downside.

5) Lettere VIII, p. 146.

11g J. FriedUender,

the completely preserved coin shows no trace, and above all blames it he Beger's and MorelP's inattention, which the inscription would have overlooked! These letters, which he made to IMP ANT «r^nz, then prompted M. Antonius in his head to recognize that this portrait bears no resemblance has. It is Augustus, he sees on his earliest denarii not so different, and on coins from remote provinces As is well known, they come often> and especially in the first few years a desire to present dissimilar images.

I believe the coin is African, it is in style and the external markings are related to the coins of Luba's U., too There is a similar lion on one of his coins. ^) In Years 33 after the death of Bocchu m., Augustus made Maure- Tania became a Roman province and founded Golonia there In the year 25 he gave it back to Juba the U. From this period we have copper coins with the heads of Augustus and the Afriea and the inscription IMP CAESAR DIVI F. ^j The head of Augustus is not dissimilar to that of the silver coin.

The Legio XVI remains questionable. That they are in Mauritania It is not known, we know that it was later on the Rhine stood, only the news about the numerous old legions from the time of the civil wars until it was reduced in the year 26 were very incomplete. If we don't know that the 16th Legion was in Mauritania, this is not an obstacle, to consider the coin to be Mauritanian.

The lion could refer to the legion, alone there he appears very similar on a coin from Juba's 11th, so can he also probably refers to the country. The oldest äg}'p- Augustus's tical coins are modeled after the Ptolemaic ones. imitates, Augustus could have chosen a country type here too have.

1).Müller. Africt Th. 111, p. 103 No. 21.

2) Ibid. p. 101 no. 17.

An Angustoi Legion Coin. |19

This coin is very isolated and is interesting Old illustrations are characteristic - Sestini has above published it incorrectly - and then it was forgotten; therefore it seemed necessary to do it correctly, even if with an uncertain one Zatheilang, make it known. Maybe now you can find something like another that gives a sound of sound.

Also in Grotefend's excellent overview of history of the Roman legions (in Zimmermann's magazine fbr Alter- thums Wissenschaft 1840 p. 641) there is no information.

J. Friedlaendtr.

11g J. Friedlaender,

4The completely preserved coin shows no savings, and above all blames it he Beger's and MorelF's inattention, which the inscription would have overlooked! These letters, which he made to IMP ANT he said, then prompted M. Antonius in his head 2u recognize that this portrait has no resemblance has. It is Augustus, he sees on his earliest denarii not so different, and on coins from remote provinces As is well known, come oÜ, and especially in the first few years a desire to present dissimilar images.

I believe the coin is African, it is in style and the external markings are related to the coins luba^s U., too There is a similar lion on one of his coins. ^) In Years 33 after the death of Bocchu m., Augustus made Maure- Tania became a Roman province and founded Golonia there In the year 25 he gave it back to Juba the U. From this period we have copper coins with the heads of Augustus and the Africa and the inscription IMP CAESAR DIVI F. «) The head of Augustus is not dissimilar to that of the silver coin.

The Legio XVI remains questionable. That they are in Mauritania It is not known, we know that it was later on the Rhine stood, only the news about the numerous old legions from the time of the civil wars until it was reduced in the year 26 were very incomplete. If we don't know that the 16th Legion was in Mauritania, this is no hindrance, to consider the coin to be Mauritanian. ,

The lion could refer to the legion, alone there he appears very similar on a coin from Juba's 11th, so can he also probably refers to the country. The oldest Egyptian Augustus's tical coins are modeled after the Ptolemaic ones. imitates, Augustus could have chosen a country type here too have.

1) MüUer, Africt Th. HI, p. 103 No. 21.

2) Ibid. p. 101 no. 17.

An Angusto Legion Coin. 119

This coin is very isolated and is interesting Old illustrations are non-characteristic, - above all, Sestini has it was wrongly published - and then it was forgotten; therefore it seemed necessary to do it correctly, even if with an uncertain one allocation, to make known. Maybe now you can find something like another that provides enlightenment.

Also in Grotefend's excellent overview of history of the Roman Legions (in Zimmermann's Journal for Age- thums Wissenschaft 1840 p. 641) there is no information.

J. Friedlaender.

Copies of ancient Greek monoliths.

V\

More than any other class of ancient thinkers the coins are suitable for giving us an overview of the Greek to give Chinese art history and an insight into it chronological development of art and the connection between the different cities and countries and their art style to let. We are numismatists, in contrast to the chaeologists and art historians have a decided advantage; the insignificance and the sad state in which so many effective Greek works that have come down to us are finally the ones Fatherlandlessness of most of the smaller Greek intellectuals paintings whose location is due to selfish intentions and reasons of the stupid and hourly violation of the export ban is deliberately kept secret, makes it difficult to summarize send treatment of art history. Have the coins But material is plentiful and everywhere is securely chronological like geographical clues, and can be at hand here purely Greek and completely intact works of art with long- move forward with a confident step, without, as is usually the case easy to happen, to go astray or into shallow places. advise.

As a small part of an art history made of coins. as an insignificant preparatory work, perhaps the editor would like to

1) Presented in the trchaeologUchen GeseUschtft.

Dr. A. Y. Sallet, Copies of Munitypes in Ancient Greece. ]2I

the aim of a property that has not yet been highlighted The authenticity of Greek coins cannot be without any interest: It is an undeniably established fact that the Greeks each other's military styles are copied, imitated, or freely copied. have formed, and it is often the case that we have one of these like art connection between very remote areas find.

These copies of foreign types have two facial features. points must be strictly differentiated from one another: which is particularly important to us here interesting, purely artistic imitation of foreign characters, and which in antiquity as well as in the Middle Ages and modern times are so un- finally frequent, far more into the history of money The practical part of numismatics involves imitation Utility, from commercial considerations. They belong there too more or less well done, but often childish- barbaric replicas of Greek characters through half- cultivated or uncivilized neighboring peoples.

We will prefer the first of the classes mentioned here of copies. A complete overview of all Demonstrable imitations of coin types would result in a long-term difficult study and an atlas of photographic images education >) require ; For the time being it may suffice to mention a few to look at particularly striking and strange examples.

Even if the claim is too daring and not supported by any The only example that can be demonstrated is that in ancient times the mother cities have supplied their colonies with money, then it has to stop First of all, attention is drawn to a peculiar similarity of types here are made: the ancient ones in southern France near Auriol

1) Only photographs are actually suitable for historical observation Illustrations brtnchbtr, dt all drawings and engravings, even the best, early ones kiren or resealing. Head's history of the coinage of Syracute, which XIV contains aototype (pbotographic) plates, is therefore for our purpose important.

122 I>r- A. V. StUet,

Some of the decorated small silver coins are exactly the same as these oldest silver coins rightly attributed to Velia the front part of a feeding lion, back side: square incusum. Velia and Massilia were Phocaean Golonia, and perhaps here is by going back to the common To explain the equality of types in the mother city without having to go along with it With certainty it can be stated which type is copied from the other.

In very ancient times it was difficult to provide evidence of such to keep copies. Rather, in most cases you probably have to explain type conformity through the conformity, which archaic art has everywhere. The same treatment wise of the figures, the horses, the heads, even the hair- costume can be seen throughout the Greek world of that time, in Macedonia, Sicily, Asia. A striking one down to the last detail The heads of the old arcades show the sameness that goes with the hairstyle. Indian silver coins {Rf. : Zeus with the eagle) with the same old, often extremely delicate Knidian silver coins (obverse part of a lion Hf. Aphrodite's head in the quadratum incusum] . >) But whether the Arcadians copied Cnidus, whether the other way around, or whether the agreement only has its basis in the ancient The purely Greek art has a similar character to decide.

In later times we often find that one city the coin design of the others with surprising, down to the small most minor things are imitated with great precision. Become like this the heads of Pallas and their helmet decorations on the coins of Heraclea in Lucania not only in Pharsalus in Thessaly, but also because even in the far-flung Soli in Cilicia, formed, both types probably in the fourth century, before Ale- xander d. G., belonging.

1) The tent, which is probably the same old one, also has exactly the same hairstyle. hearing bronze head of the Berlin Museum. He came from Greece, but is the location unknown.

Copies of coin types in ancient Greece. 123

, The bull of the silver coin of Posidonia is copied exactly on a so-called Cyziken ^), i.e. h. an Electron Mfinze the coastal region of Asia Minor (Bf. Qnadratum inensam); the original of the coin - with Poseidon and POZEIAA Rf. Taurus left hind and POZEIAAHI hit far earlier than 400 y. BC.

Another similar stater in Berlin (Fox) copies this all- Well-known coin image from Gela, the half bull with a bearded one human face, the river god Gelas.

Exactly the Corinthian Didrachmon: Pegasus, the one kneeling boy examining the hoof, from Taranto (here horse) copied. Corinth is probably the original, because we often find it Tarentum overprinted Corinthian didrachms.

The influence of artistic excellence is very great. Ending excellent coin types from Syracuse, in Sicily itself and in Greece. The famous heads of the decadrachms (Persephone; usually with the name of the stamp cutter Euainetos) from Dionysius I's time 2) are from the, The same heads were copied from Sicily, which was subject to the Carthaginians appear again in Syracuse itself as a flat copy on tetra-

1) In the British Museum, Electrotyp in Berlin.

2) This time determination is certain. The die cutter of the decadrachms, Kuainetos, has for the 403 BC. Ch. destroyed city of Catana worked, resulting from it So it turns out that the Decadrachms, apparently his latest works, are roughly in the Period from 400 to 380 BC Ch. belong. Cf. about the determination of the time of the coins with artist inscriptions my artist inscriptions on Greek coins as well the supplement to this magazine. p. Iff., Holm, Catana and Head, history of the coinage of Syracuse. London 1874.

Magazine f. Nnmixin. II. 9

124^r. A.V. S*Uet,

drachmas, probably from Agathocles' time \] ; so will the beautiful one long-curled head of Eora on tetradrachms of the best period, nm 400 BC Ch. 2) , later by Agathocles ^) and on late Syra- Cusan tetradrachms and copper coins ^) , also on those copied from Pyrrhus. A decisive example are those decades drachma heads also for those around the years 370 - 350 hearing large silver coins from Opus, Pheneos in Arca- dien and Messene ^) . It's true with the heads of these coins again exactly the head of the beautiful silver coin from Praesus in Greta about a (Paris collection; under Mionnet's prints. Bf, bull above flower). The agreement of the copies with their originals extends partly to the small the most tiny hairs, curls and the leaves of the wreath, but always Are the coins of the Greek peninsula not mindless copies, but self-confident ones that often match the originals in strength and beauty- a level of expression that reaches and sometimes almost surpasses it Art creations.

Also the Arethusa head by the Syracuse artist Kimon, from from ^) , from Dionysius I. Time shines in Larisa and others cities of Thessaly and probably also of Datames and others Satraps 7) seem to have been imitated.

A strange example of a loyal but mindless and raw copying offers a coin from Chersonesus in Greta ^) ,

1) ^ead Plate X, 3-6.

2) Head Plate V, 4.

3) Head Plate IX, 1, 2.

4) Head, Plate X, 3-6.

5) The chronological determination of the beautiful arkAditchen and messenitchen Coins are probably safe; these great pdLchtigen pieces deatan «of an inner- in a brilliant location and are also consistent in style with the time of the EPA. minondas. The earliest date for Messenia would be 370, “oh the Arcadian ones probably belong to the period 370-360.

6) Head 1. c. Plate IV, 9.

7) Head from the front Rf, helmeted, bearded head. Satrap inscription, once Greek: KI AI KI ON (Fox, Berlin).

8) Berlin Collection, Fox. see the following page.

Copies of Hünitn>en Im grlechiBCben Alterthnm.

125

^enane copy of the BchöB pieces Ton Stymphalas io Ar- eftdieo.

So here a city forms the front and back of the city. aeo after another, with rölHgem abandonment of even sinners Locat types, while at other squares in the same city only the head is copied from Stymphalnß. Just as raw, but less Genan is the Zeos of the coins of Elis (the rare ones with PAAEION goal to the Zenskopf to the left, Bf. Adler on one iodian capital. British Mneeam, Berlin: on a large one Silver mBiae from the Fox collection, from Polyrheninm in Greta (Hf. bull's head) modeled.

Whether the seated Zens anf gold staters of Cyrene the Baal Tara anf Cilicischet) silver coins imitated or vice versa, is not easy to decide. — In the Macedonian royal rethe and their neighborhoods can be found early on. fine examples of faithful copies: the beautiful large silver pieces Alexander I of Macedonieu') are emulated in good style. forms - whether to trade considerations? — from the neighbors, the

1) War and Horse, J^. QD4dT4taiii Incniam AAEZANAPO. PuU, London.

126 I>r. A.V. Sallet,

Bisalten ^) . Those of the Orrheskii (two bulls with handlers Rf^ Qnadratum incusum) from the Hedonian king Getas^). Philip II Didrachms are coined by the Peon King Audoleon and countless others barbarians after; the latter replicas, as is well known, ancb Alexanders and Philipps m. Copirend coins, earn no Consideration ^] .

With Alexander the Great's time, replicas of From a purely artistic perspective, Mttnz pictures are rarer; the practical aspect of replicating the popular Alexander money imitate, prevail: so do all the Diadochi, as pretended legitimate ones Successor of Alexander, and — an interesting example of a» little king who wanted to play Alexander: the king Arcus of Sparta; his tetradrachm, its only example which is in the Berlin museum, is correct except for the inscription BAZIAEOZ APEOZ exactly with Alexander's tetradrachms agree.

Many cities also take the head of Heracles from Alexander.” Coins: Heraclea Bithyniae, Chersonesus in the Crimea, many- easily the Punians in Sicily, also Aetolia, Erythrae, Cos and others. Melos points to his beautiful silver coins [Rf. Apple ; Paris) the Pallas head of Alexander's staters in slavish, but good replica. The Nike of the JRf. from Alexanders Staters are often imitated; is particularly remarkable the gold stater with the head and name of T. Quinctius (Flamiuinusj . Also the Zeus a^tophoros of silver coins Alexander's is copied, as is Bacchus on the one mentioned

1) Likewise, HJ transcription. NO^IITAAJia, once NM I TAA5 1 D. Meh- Several specimens are known. Also in Berlin. See Möller Hdb. d. Arch. d. K III. Edition p. 82. — Orrheskies, Letaeans, Thasians (?) and the ZitnUii have Equality of type.

2) The transcription is TETAZ HAOMEON BAIIAEYZ and TETA BAU- AEOZ HAONAN. Both in the British Museum.

3) The disputed Hunter's Unicum collection, a silver coin from Carystus (Plate XIV, 14) has exactly the types of Philip's Suteren.

Copies of coin types in ancient Greece. 127

Coins of Heraclea Bithyniae. The back of the one in Egypt minted Alexander mttnzen, the fighting Pallas [Bf. head Alexander's with elephant skin) can be found among the Macedonian Kings Antigonus I and later and even occur in the Far East with the Bactrian kings. She even stays there with them barbaric kings of the dynasties ruling in Menander's empire nastie, gradually deformed beyond recognition. The cities the Crimea, Chersonesus and Panticapaenm form the former Types of the Akarnans (this journal I, plate I, no. 5, j^.), the latter the Poseidon head of the silver coins of Antigonn, King of Asia according to [M 5th Bf, ship, in Petersburg) ; one of the later Bosporan kings, Sanromates III, on the Period of Severus, the Alexandrian coins of Antoninn Pias with the Heraclesthates ^) .

The Seleucid types spread throughout Asia. The Parthian kings - here the exact ones are particularly strange Tetradrachm of an Ar, modeled on a Syrian coin «aces, in Prokesch's collection, see this magazine. I.p. 305, the Seated Demeter on tetradrachms of Arsaces V, the coins Demetrius the first imitated^ see this journal. I, plate VHI, No. 3, and the tetradrachm of a king of Camniscires with a beard loose head and completely Syrian type 2) — , the Bactrians Kings and these in turn the Characenics, imitate heads and backs of the Syrians in many cases. Worth mentioning also the similarity of type between the tetradrachms of Side and the of Amyntas of Galatia.

A coin distributed all over the world, the old one Athenian Tetradrachm, seems only rare, in Asia ^j , after- to have been formed, the drachma also appears to be Asian

/

1) See Koehne in Mus^e Kotchoubey.

2) Bartholomaey in Koehnes M^m. 1851. Printed in Berl. Mus.

3) An interesting example: Imhoof, Choix Plate V, No. 177.

128 ^>r- ^- ^- SaUet,

table imprint with Aramaic legend next to the AOE ij. A very precise, purely artistic sewing picture is strange of the head of Athena, second style, with the three leaves, on one small copper coin from Velia; Berlin). The late flat ones Tetradrachm types of Athens, but for trade reasons^ often reproduced, for example on pieces of silver of the same size Gortyna and Hierapytna in Greta, but also the Fallas head more often on copper coins from other cities.

The examples given are only a small selection from the large number of coin copies, but already suitable, an image of the constant artistic and commercial to give relations to the entire Greek world. We see how the artistic creations of Syracuse made a significant impact had an influence on a large part of Greece, as has already been the case in the oldest times in the north of the Greek peninsula neighboring half-Greeks in their imitations of Macedonian of different types of coins is an artistic endeavor that should not be despised showed how finally Alexander and his successors types until the latest period among the easternmost, non-Greek peoples have received.

That continued comparative consideration of the Mttnz types also on the context of the Greek Egyptian studies There is no doubt that it will shed some light at all. Of course, you have to be careful about what style you choose. Mood of coins and sculptures excessive weight to lay. Certainly the strong, energetic pros- Fil heads of Hermes on coins from Aenus immediately to the Aegino- table gable figures, also reminiscent of the ancient Pallas heads of Athens tetradrachms remind; a particularly beautiful stamp from Aenus, of perfect art, with Hermes head from vom, shines I am most struck by the head shown

1) Levy, Viennese magazine. III, p. 433.

Copies of coin types in ancient Greece. 129

group of the seated gods of the Parthenon frieze, but here too it is probably just the stereotypical character strict, like the majesty of perfect art, which is the same everywhere, without us being able to connect the artists of Aenus would be entitled to conclude with Aegina and Athens.

Finally a word about imitations of sculpture works on coins: the same thing can be done in ancient, autonomous times difficult to prove. The statue of Aesculapius on good, the Silver coins from Epidaurus belonging to the fourth century (Friedlaender^ Berl. Bl. f. Münzk. II.) is perhaps the only one Example. The heads of Olympian Zeus on silver coins of Elia, as Friedlaender has now shown, nm* are free Replicas of Phidias' Zeus ^] and only in rare ones cases; Soon another, similar to Otricoli, appears in Elis Ideal, which has nothing to do with Phidias, takes the place of the older, serious and magnificently strict Zeus heads. It wasn't lying in the character of ancient Greek art, existing monuments exactly as mindless modern medalists do, on coins to recreate. These copies only appear in later Roman times on and these valuable, although mostly not very artistic Unfortunately, reproductions are pretty much the only thing we know of many large sculptural works of the Hellenic heyday having saved).

1) This is particularly good for two stamps, one quite ancient (Brit. Müs.), which bears a decided resemblance to the modernizing copy of PhidlMsian Zen head on Hadrian's coins, and the somewhat later one The full inscription in front of the head turned to the left (Brit. Mus., Berl. Mus.).

2) See here especially Friedlaender's treatises on Olympian Zeus on coins from Elis (Berl. Bl. II and Moiiatsber. d. Akad. 1874) and his doctrinal rich composition of scnlpturopias on Greek coins, in the archaeologist Newspaper year XXVII.

Dr. A.V. SalleL

The coins of the Greek kings of Salamis in Cyprus and the modern forgeries attributed to the same.

(Plate V.)

The strange series of Greek royal coins from Cyprus was the first to correctly recognize Borrell i) as such and one In general, their classification is still exemplary given. Since then, a lot has changed thanks to new research changed and some errors still remain to be corrected. Quite Particularly important are the investigations carried out by Brandis his coinage, measures and weights in Yorderasia, 1 S66 ^j . gives. According to Brandis, this is the reign of the Cypriot kings following:

Euagoras I 410(?)—374.

Niocles, from 374 onwards.

(Euagoras 11.)

Pnytagoras, already king in 351, f 312.

Nicocreon 311 and later.

Menelaus, brother of Ptolemy Soter.

There is a King Pythagoras assumed by Borrell,

as Brandis shows, not given; the coin does not have P Y

but PN and belongs to King Pnytagoras. Pierides

has proven in the Numismatic Chronicle ^) that so far the

1) Notice 8ur quelques m^d. gr. des rois de Chypre. Paris 1836.

2) In various places; cfr. in the index K)'pro8. P. &08ff. the exact one Coin directory.

3) Numerical chron. 1869 p. 19. On the coins of Nicocreon etc.

Dr. A. V. Sallet, The Coins of the Greek Kings of Salamis, etc. 131

Kings Nicocles za-written gold coins to King Nico- belong to creon; This is certainly true, because these beautiful ones Pieces, of soft style, exactly in style and type with the Coins of Pnytagoras agreeing cannot possibly be in an early time must be set, but must be given to the successor of Pnytagoras, Nicocreon. The same applies to everyone hitherto erroneously attributed to Nicocles in style silver coins matching the staters with the mono- gram NC. Likewise, the previous purpose of the Euagoras Coins not quite right yet. While Brandis an imprint by the somewhat pretender King Euagoras n. lich eliminated, previously (Borrell, Luynes) only wanted the gold state:

Hf, female head with wall crown. EYA.

RF, lion; on it sits an eagle looking back,

without star.

A/. 4. Weight 8.2 - 8.33.

Give the first Euagoras, the remaining coins with the name and partly with the royal title but Euagoras the second. The separation of these stylistically and typically related things But coins are not possible. If Brandis has a chronological gical determination of the coins ^) according to their style for very deceptive Explained beautifully, this must be done from the practical point of view Numismatists are firmly denied; we can out the complete agreement of all Euagoras coins: head with Wall crown and lion or head with wall crown and Pallas head etc. probably conclude with certainty that they all belong to one They belong to kings and that their style makes them something a later period than that of Eua, who was killed in 374. goras I. This view is certainly confirmed in the latest research, the discovery that the Cypriot Script is Greek, written with native letters:

1) L.c. p. 365 note

132 I>r. A. V. SaUet,

We have safe coins by reading this scripture Euagoras the first, of old, quite his reign appropriate style and the Cypriot inscription: basileos euagora; some of these coins, which are described as having two inscriptions - sit venia verbo — are particularly interesting, give next to the Cypriots also have the Greek legend:

Hf, Bearded Head of Heracles ; Cyprian Euagora. Rf, lying buck EY; Cyprian basHeas.

M. 6. Paris. 10.9 grm. Plate Y No. 1.

These like the other coins of the Euagoras with pure Cypriot script and the magnificently natural depiction of ing Aries are quite different in style and type those with EYA and BA — EYÄ different; document them turns out to be much older, certainly the first king of the name hearing, while the others are attributed to a much later time. len and certainly belong to the second Euagoras. Like The rich character of this doesn't seem to matter very much. current, even temporarily expelled princes explained, is the matter of the historical investigation. If Brandis is the counter-reason Distribution of the coins to Euagoras ü. states that Nicocles, the predecessor of the Euagoras IL was impossibly lighter. men [6.33] could have shaped as his successor, whose Drachmas weigh 7.08 - 7.32, so this is simply because of that to explain that Nicocles is not the predecessor, but Nicocreon cter was the successor of Euagoras the second, who minted these lighter coins.

The long row follows the Euagoras coins of the second the gold and silver coins of the mighty Pnytagoras, 351 or earlier, until 312; this one is that of the Nicocreon with BA and the Mo- nogram NC ^) ; a magnificent Stater (8.3 grm.) in the Berliner

1) Probably never Nl (cf. Nnm. chion. 1869 1. c). A silver mfiiiie, M. 3, exactly with the types of the gold stater, of good work, with BA - Nl Ist, -how me, Dr. Kenner writes, wrong. Eckhel already describes the MflnM in

The Manz«n of the Greek Kings of Stlimis In Cyprus n.g.n. 133

Masemn, from the Fox collection is at the beginning of plate V no. 6 pictured, ibid a syllable number 7.

The last few ounces in this series are those of Menelan, the Governor of Ptolemy Soter with the sign 4* (Cypriot: ba) nnd MEN, similar without inscription.

Another bondable variety of Cypriot gold and silver mllnzen remains to be discussed by previous scholars soon Roof CTrene was given soon as by Alexander the Elder. Gr. in Cyprus exalted, finally described by Brandt as “among the Ptoleans” maeem minted money” can be described (p. 510). It is the following series:

1. BA Female richly decorated head, the beginning like the coins of Pnytagoras and Nicocreon, linkahin.

Rf, K Female head with wall crown to the left. A^. 31/2. 6.83 orm. Berlin. Plate VI, 9.

2. The same coin from the same dies in

Silver. Paris [Mionnet's sulfur reductions and M. V, 563.89 under Cyrene; Hanter23.2I. Weight 2.592Gnn. Borrell Plate No. 12.

3. A head of Pallas reehtshin, on the helmet griffin; very exact Gopie after gold coins of Agathocles from Syracuse.

CiUlog the Viennese Simmlang. You weight Igt 4.09. AU Filachung lit dt« Tired dailudb teaches merrily, because it lies with the oil coins of Nicocreon ntebgaUldet Ut, which t)eluiiDt the NDmismatlkem in this kind of year wniden. — You piece mn» >1io into the grater of film discussed below icAnngen de* 17. Jibchonderta belong, is «bet of far better work, the XSple tud BncIuUben have a transparent uitlken chiracter, Dm NI itttt NC iioldsUtei probably just read out the ones .' Ulonnet uiders describes, et has .'■ Characters (e?), like other small« r the MQnths with A ond K , ■!> incorrect. See below, e«

M Snn^li^ (~niir j.L' n«.[<>

3*) is< on Ll,.ni llc

woU di^, «(■live \

•i-il NI vlu Ihp. - . iWoleben Irt e« «In r-j.p,i,cli..'i

<"-.liliiiiiiii«i >*■ 1"

;■ Live it out

i.^r.'n In*(f ^

rmmhcl. M111

tl

^.

134 ^'* ^* ^- SaUet,

Rf, K Female Kq)f with wall crown, same

Stamp like No. 1 and 2.

-^4/^. 3V2 BerUn i) 6.82. Hunter 6,933. M. 3V2. Other golden examples in Vienna, near Pembroke.

Silver coins from the same stamps in Paris,

Mionnefs Impressions, M. VI. 563.87 under Cyrene,

Hunter Plate 23,22. Weight 3.175.

These coins, as observation and comparison show, are there are, all false; i.e. they are invented, not unknown sends new stamps made, at the latest by the end of 17th century^). It is surprising that these coins in almost all works dealing with our subject always be held in good faith for eight while but already a look at the stiff work and some others easy-to-find circumstances will certainly prove their falsity. show. 1) The gold coins have a nonsensical weight. You They must all be staters, like those of Pnytagoras and Ni- cocreon, but weigh - one perfect and one rubbed down pieces - 6.83 and 6.82, Hunter's 6.933, instead of the correct current weight of the other royal staters 8.3 - 8.35. Also the weight of the silver coins is completely irrational, two examples plare from Hunter's collection, both varieties (female-bred decorated head. Rf, head with wall crown, and this back side with the head of Pallas on the front) weigh 2,592 and 3.175, while the silver coins of Euagoras 7.08-7.32 (Berlin), the smaller ones weigh 1.53 - 1.77 (Berlin), those of Pnytagoras 6.50 - 7.01, small 2.1 - 2.36, that of Nicocreon 6.21 - 6.35 and

1) Rubbed, but appears to me to have been embossed, not cast.

2) S. Friedlaender at Brandis p. 373 Note 2: the coins come from Ans the Kürpfalz collection that came to Berlin in 1685. In BerUn and In Vienna the coins have long been among the wrong ones, see also Imho<^, these Magazine I.p. 323 on the Hunter coin.

The coins of the Greek Kings of Salamis in Cyprus a. s.w. 135

2.0 — 2.1 *). — 2) There are only three stamps and theirs everywhere Combinations exist, as originals and impressions teach^ Gold and silver coins, even both sides, are also included stamped with the same stamps, which is what true Greek Mttn-^ zen does not occur. The letters are bad and from modern forms; the Pallas head is an exact copy of the Gold coins of Agathocles - Borrell would have already received this from an allocation of these coins to Alexander the Great. Gr. hold off should. — Other forgeries invented only on paper of Goltzius (Eckhel IV, 121 f.) with nonsensical inscriptions can remain unmentioned here. — What the inventor of the very good modern stamp with the inscriptions BA and K wanted is not obvious; maybe he has, like that earlier scholars, e.g. B. Beger (Eckhel IV, 123) also explained, thought of BAtto^ and Kvqava; real copies of someone In any case, these falsificates are not a Cypriot coin 2), it are free seals.

The alleged Alexander coinage in Cyprus and below The “money minted by the Ptolemies in Cyprus” is no longer there whole series is wrong.

Except those marked with Greek inscriptions and There are also indefinite royal symbols on the two-lettered coins. coins of Cyprus (Salamis) with similar types and the Syllable ßa written in Cypriot: 4=5 ^^^ copper coins with But Aphrodite's head and dove with this symbol belong to Paphos, like the similar large silver coin from the Bank of England with PA^l ^Borrell, Plate No. 16) proves; 4= applies to Tfa and ßa (cf. this journal I p. 376).

1) Brandts looks for the weights of the gold coins with that of the gold coins Ptolemy I (7.04 - 7.0&) zasammenzastellen, hence his explanation as "ptole- “massive money in Cyprus”.

2) However, this would be the Vienna silver coin, which was also declared false. Nicocreon, cf. above.

] 36 I>r- A. V. Sallet,

In the series of undetermined king's mints from Gypem perhaps also belongs to the SUbermttnze of the Berlin collection with the types by Marium and by Friedlaender (contributions to older coin box 1851 p. 188 Plate VI, 2) also given to this city give:

Hf, head of Zeus with laurel wreath to the left,

Rf. Female head with wreath to the right.

A. 4. Weight 6.1.

The inscription is destroyed, even the M doesn't seem to me quite clear, but the letter behind the head seems to me certainly the Cypriot ßalaiXicag), =|=. For the time of The coin is probably too old for Menelaus, the weight is the same Nicocreon's silver coins. Of course, these types are certainly the same from Marium, Paphos is out of the question (4= also = iTa). The coin comes from the first sanmilung of Hm. Güterbock, who bought them himself in Gypem.

The series of Cypriot royal coins from Salamis is So after eliminating the incorrect ones:

1) Euagoras I

ä) The silver coins with Cypriot script and ram.

b) The silver coins with Cypriot writing and the Greek Chinese EY, with Heracles head and goat. Plate V, No. 1. Paris.

Safe coins of Nicocles, successor Euagoras I. missing.

2) Euagoras IE.

a) Gold staters with head with wall crown and lion etc. on the letter EYA. Plate V, 2 after Luynes.

b) Small gold coins with a head on each side and EY, EYA, and BA-EYA.

c) Silver coins with two heads and BA — EYA Taf. V, 3.

The coins of the Greek kings of Salamis in Cyprus and 8th century 137

3) Pnytagoras.

a) Gold staters with decorated head. Bf. head with Wall crown. BA—PN. Plate V, 4 after the electric trotype of Br. M.

b) Small gold coin with two heads and 4= — ^ -

c) Silver coins with two heads. BA—PN. Tab. V, 5.

4) Nicocreon.

a) Gold staters as in Pnytagoras and BA — NC Taf. V, 6. BerUn (Fox).

b) Small gold coin with =}= — N I i) .

c) Silver coin with two heads and BA — NC. Tab. V, 7. The Vienna coin with the type of gold stateren and BA — N I is declared false.

5) Menelaus.

Small gold coins with two heads ^ 4= — MEN and without inscription. Plate V, 8.

(the false ones, plates V, 9 and 10.)

6) Indefinite.

Gold and silver coins with 4= ^^^ without inscription.

1) This is doubtful, the coin has a Cyprus instead of Nl !^psflon, would therefore be attributed to Eoagoras II.

Dr. A.V. Sallet.

Arcadian coins.

Famous because of their high natural chemical protection large syllabic ounce of the Arcadians with the head of Zeus and the veins of Bitze Pan therefore had a beeoudereB geographical-mythological Interest in the rock on which Fan is sitting in small The Aofechrilt OAY or OAYM is attached to the Bach letters is, which has been the name of Arcadian since Eckhel Mountain Olympos, whose other name was Lykaion, explains wrde. Fan was born on this bei^, nnd so explained I can almost see the back of those horses for myself: Pao on one Sitting on the rock marked OAYM, let his flows Sjrinx: (The back corresponds to the head on the back side of Zeas, Zeoa Lykaios, revered in Arcadia. Otfired Müller's ingenious Conjectar. the OAYM bexiebe oh anf the of the Olympic Games celebrated in Arkadiem iui J. 3ti4 and the Head is that of Ol^Tipian Zeus, is through Cartin's contributions e.g. old. Coin customer p. S5ff/ consider za to have been eliminated; if so Müller's naming of these coins is certainly correct, it seems but the earlier deotnng produced by Cnrtius wietler Coins are of the same origin. yes, self-respecting.

:?o sure nnn this situation seemed so far, but she suffered dnreh the coin pnblicirto from luihmif to the collection in the BMtg .this zoits tube. l. There seems to be an unnecessary refutation;

Dr. A. T. Sallet, Arkaditehe coins. 139

Hf, head of the stuff to the left.

Bf, R Pan on the rock, with syrinx, on the rock small XAPI ^. 6.

So the place of the otherwise only known OAY and OAYM takes the clear inscription here, which is also written in small letters XAPI. Imhoof suspected official or artist names, Of course, safety was a must with someone standing so alone no analogies supported example cannot be achieved.

However, this assumption does not yet make sense of the matter got to the bottom and that those inscriptions did need to be understood differently, I would like to ask for one Of course, I suspect that this is entirely subjective perception in the Berlin collection. There is located a seemingly not strange one that is common in these types Silver coin similar to the silver pieces of the Achaean League: Rear head of Zeus with wreath to the right. Rf. X in the wreath. ^. 3. Weight 2.66.

For those who know and understand the art style of the coins pay attention, but this piece is of the highest interest, the head of the Zeus, of excellent work, seems to me exactly like the one Paris example of the large Arcadian silver mentioned above The style of the coins is similar to that of OAYM small silver coin bears no resemblance to the late, mostly raw coins of the Achaean League, but belongs to the best period of Greek art. Directly to this Silver coins join some similar, albeit cruder ones Copper coins at ^) . That the X was just looking for a city name may be, is natural; that the coins are Arcadian, The style seems to teach me - very similar copper coins the Arcadian with /? in the wreath and head of Zeus are known - So one could think of Charisia in Arcadia.

1) Friedlaender also considers the Zotbeilung according to Achaia to be unsafe. Journal for Nnrnlsm. \\. \Q

140 ^' A. ▼. Sallet, ArludUche coins.

Here, however, the great Arcadian silves are demanding bermtinzen Yergleichiing: some have O A Y, OA Y M, one XAPI on the rock.

Without expressing any particular conjecture here, to which probably only a knowledgeable historical researcher or Mythologist would be justified, I want to put here what the ordinary manuals serve as a commentary on the discussed Grant Coins: Charisia, near Arkady Olympos, the Lycaion, was founded by the mythical Charisius, the son of the Arcadian king Lycaon, who served Zeus Lykaios on the holy mountain justified. Shouldn't be in the OAY, OAYM after all as before the name of this Arcadian sanctuary in which XAPI but something similar, somehow with Charisios, Something related to Lycaon's son can be recognized and should not be those small coins, silver and copper, of which The former has a very precise stylistic correspondence with me the great Arcadian coins depicting the beautiful Zeus's head seems to show all of the Arcadian city Belonging to Charisia, although it must not be kept secret, that the other coins attributed to this city are a deres. Embossed and have a different monogram (Head of Apollo Bf, )e Wolf, Mionnet p. IV, 277). According to time, those belong Silver coins, the large ones with the Arcadians' monogram like the little ones with closing copper coins safely in a time that is the highest first flowers of Arcadia, around 364 BC. BC or not much later.

Of course, everything that has been said rests on very weak foundations and perhaps can with new observations with ease be refuted; In any case, it seemed necessary to me, mine Experts draw attention to an interesting Mttnz series

'"**'^«°- Dr. A. V. Sauet

Contributions to Pomeranian MQnzkunde.

In 1873, at the Hohenwalde gate near Aras- Walde found a number of coins on the occasion of a building those from whom the recorded ones fell into my hands have arrived. Unfortunately I have more details about the size cannot determine what was found; however, except one larger number of broken pieces of coins that came to me These pieces made up the majority of the mass. I want therefore assume that the latter at least have the entire find represent. If the same thing is essentially already known contains it, it might be worth taking a closer look at it. because it provides a closer look at some previously unidentifiable characteristics. tuning helps. Except for 3 pieces, all coins belong to neither quite sure about Pomerania, nor can with any certainty probability of being referred there. The neighbors Countries are, with the exception of Mecklenburg, not at all occur, but in particular there is not a single piece available, which his factory was allocated to the Mark of Brandenburg would have to be.

The coins are divided into ducal and municipal mints. In the allocation I am the basic treatise of Dannenberg about Pomerania's coins in the Middle Ages in Berlin. Browse for coin studies, vol. I p. 154iF. and Vol. II p. 17 ff. follows, whose coin descriptions are also referred to will. The expressions right and left are in heraldic senses used.

10*

142 F. Bardt,

I. Ducal stamp.

Wartislav IH. (f 1264) and Barnim I (f 1278) with theirs

brothers Barnim and Wartislav.

1. Four heads placed around a cross, alternating with four ro- set. Rf, unrecognizable, but apparently two griffins, from where only the right one is clear. B. Sheet Plate 7 No. 7. 1 piece. Gr. 13. Weight 0.38.

Barnim I, alone from 1264 to 78.

2. »BÄRniM griffin head. Bf. Stein, von Kreuzen and surrounded by stones. A.a. 0. No. 8. 2 pieces. Gr. 14. Weight 0.42.

3. ♦ BÄRRGM : DVX griffin head. JB/'. Bust of the Duke with helmet, sword and flag to the right; on the helmet five peacock feathers. Similar a. a. 0. Vol. I p. 169, note f No. 1. 6 pieces. Gr. 14.5. Weight average 0.44; a Piece only 0.34.

Barnim I or his sons Bogislav IV (f 1305), Barnim H. (f 1295) and Otto I (f 1345).

4. Long-footed cross between two griffin heads. RF, Grei- fenhead under a double step, on which a lily lies between two towers. A.a. 0. Plate 18 No. 15. 3 pieces. Gr. 13. Weight 0.49.

5. The Duke with two griffin heads between two rings. Rf. Twin crosshairs with a ringlet at each angle. A.a. 0. Plate 7 No. 17. 3 pieces. Gr. 12. Weight 0.36; a

Piece 0.49.

6. Two cupola towers on a ledge, with two rings in between each other. Rf. Double-lined cross with a ringlet at every angle. 3 pieces. Gr. 14. Weight 0.38.

This penny is already from Köhne (Magazine for Coinology Vol. 5 Plate 9 No. 21) and Weidhas (Brand. Denarii plate 3 no. 22) made known; only those are missing

Contributions to the Pommencben Münzkande. 143

Bingel on the front. Kohne keeps him fttr branden- Bnrgiseh and minted in Stendal. But his factory, that in the extremely flat shape, the size and the thinness The plank has the most striking similarity to No. 3 decidedly sends him to Pomerania. The Erenz the back, which bone is used for its purpose has started, comes, albeit in a slightly different form, also on Pomeranian coins, as No. 5 proves. 7. The standing duke between two helmets and two Ringlets. Rf, 0TPLVDR9 Four-petalled rose. 3 pieces. Gr. 12. Weight 0.29; 0.36 and 0.42.

The fact that this place belongs to Pomerania has already been proven Dannenberg a. a. 0. Vol. I, p. 170 presented^ it is also pointed there by our discovery. For decipherment There is no such thing as the enigmatic transcription either safe stop. The rose on the back is the one on completely similar to bracteates Nos. 13 and 14. May one considers the latter to be of Pjritzer style, although the Pjritzer rose is otherwise shown with 5 leaves, like this The penny could also belong there and the transcription would contain the garbled MOnGTTC ROV PIRI. The Hohenwalde estate^ where our find was made is located already in the Pjritzer Erreise and not far from Pjritz itself.

8. In a mature K; instead of the inscription Ringel. RF Between two griffin heads looking at each other cross, which ends in lee leaves. Whether over the same there is still a griffin head or another figure, is not quite clear. 1 piece Gr. 13. Weight 0,S4.

144 F* Budt,

9. Front as before. Rf. Between two crowned Heads long-footed wreath, the three upper legs of which Lilies bloom. 2 pieces. Gr. 13. Weight 0.43.

Pictured by Eöhne a. a. 0. Plate 9 kr. 20. That this penny is not Albrecht ü. from Saxony, like Eöhne wants to belong, shows number 8, on the back of which is Griffon heads on the long ears are the most obvious are recognizable; for the same reason there is also market Count Albrecht M. of Brandenburg is unthinkable. size and heaviness definitely points these pennies to Pom- However, their explanation presents difficulties. £inen Duke names cannot display the Ä of the main page, since in the period under consideration here from 1250 to 1350 Pomeranian dukes whose names began like that were not have lived. If you're looking for relationships with a city, that's it This has to be done by the Pomeranian towns entitled to pay taxes only Anclam beginning with A should be ignored, because it is always called Tauglim on Mttnzen. To Taking a spiritual ceremony is ultimately not the intended the slightest evidence available. I would therefore like to assume that these pennies from Pomeranian dukes in the, the Pomeranian border so close town of Amswalde have been beaten. Duke Wartislav IV of Pomerania mern, Wolgast (d. 1326) was the margrave's guardian Henry of Brandenburg, who was the last ascetic in 1320 Kanier died. As a guardian he was taken over by the men and Neumark towns expressly recognized ^) . Like everyone He and his uncle also used Mark's neighbors Otto I of Stettin who died after Henry's death breaking anarchy to take over the Ucker and Neumark had largely previously belonged to Pomerania, too bradl-

1) Kletke, Reg. Hiit. Nommh. Vol. I p. 91 ff.

Contributors zoi PomMMcten coin customer. $14

tigen. Because of this Uckennark I got into trouble with Prince Hdoridi Y

146 P-Btidt,

mark was minted. ^) At least that's not her hometown The back side proves that you have to look far from the Nenmark from No. 9, which corresponds to that of the Brandenburg pfennig matches exactly in Weidhas plate 7 no. 10; the last I would rather go to Königsberg than what Köhne (a. a. 0. p. 270 no. 13)^ nadi Kyrits wise. That but our pennies can belong to the specified time nen, is realized by the Pfennig Weidhas plate 9 no. 16- apparently made, which in a very similar way has an L (den suggesting the name of Margrave Ludwig).

According to the above, a small A Pomeranian factory bracteate from my collection (Or. 14. Weight 0.3) with an Ä belong to Amswalde.

IL Urban character.

1. Demin.

10. Small bracteate with the lily. Two strong ones on the high edge Points. Similar B. Bl. Plate 17 A. 10. 1 piece. Gr. 14. Weight 0.43.

2. Greifswald.

11. Small bracteate with the crowned head; the hair hang long. A.a. 0. Plate 17, A. 11. 1 piece. Gr. 14. Weight 0.42.

3. Pasewalk.

12. Small bracteate with a bird's claw. A.a. 0. Plate 10 No. 86. 2 pieces. Gr. 15. Weight 0.36.

4. Pyritz (?).

13. Small bracteate with a four-petal rose. 1 piece Gr. 14. Weight 0.43.

1) Forget. the document from 1361 M Kdkne a. a. 0. 8. 22.

Contributor to PomiMffaelien coin studies. 147

14. Same, but the top edge is blasted. A.a. 0. Plate 17, A. 14. 4 pieces. Gr. 15. Weight 0.44.

Whether these bracteates belong here is, as noted, doubtful.

5. Szczecin.

15. Small bracteate with a crowned griffin head in ge- radiant high edge. 2 pieces. Gr. 16. Weight 0.44.

16. Bracteate. Under a gate crowned with three pinnacles the griffin's head bowed to the right. 2 pieces. Gr. 15.5. Weight 0.33.

17. Likewise Pointed shield with the, perhaps crowned, Griffin heads. 1 piece Gr. 16. Weight 0.3.

6. Stralsund.

18. Small bracteate with the beam. 1 piece Gr. 15. Weight 0.43.

19. Likewise with flag, accompanied by the beam. 2 pieces, one with blasted high edge. Gr. 15. Weight 0.46.

20. Likewise with flag and ringlets. 3 pieces. Gr. 15. Weight 0.45.

21. Likewise with flag and cross; the flag cloth is triple shared. 1 piece Gr. 15. Weight 0.43.

22. Likewise with flag, ttber and under which a strong one Ringel. At the top of the flagpole is a ball Flag cloth divided into three parts. 1 piece Gr. 15.5. Weight 0.34.

III. Indefinite.

23. Bracteate. Human head from vom, next to the neck two ringlets, the hair is thick and short through ten indicated by lines. 1 piece Gr. 16.5. Weight 0.4i.

This piece hardly resembled its factory Pomerania belong.

24. Likewise On a wall above an archway is a tower with a pointed roof. 1 piece Gr. 17. Weight 0.42.

148 ^* Bardt, contributions Eiir PoBWMrsdieii mfinzkunde.

25. Bracteate. In a way people, between two angels, one crowned head (?) . Hair is not attached to it indicates. Maybe Greifswald. 3 places. 6r. 15. Weight 0.43.

26. Likewise Indistinct. Apparently a head with Inful^ da- next to a crook or cross. 1 piece. Gr. 14. Weight 0.41.

27. Likewise Two small half-arches next to (each other, above an indistinct figure. 1 piece. Gr. 15. Weight 0.48.

I.T. Mecklenburg«

28. Small bracteate with the ox head. 1 piece. Gr. 15. Weight 0.41.

29. Likewise, between the horns a cross. 1 piece. Gr. 15. Weight 0.42.

30. Likewise I a ringlet between the horns. 1 piece. Gr. 15. Weight 0.37.

This find also seems to confirm that the small Bracteates as the oldest coins of the Pomeranian cities are to be viewed. At least there is a two-sided city coin cannot be proven among the present coins.

F. Bardt.

Zyr Dutch MOnzkymle.

1. Maestricht?

o R • E (X?) Imperial head with scepter (and imperial orb?) Letter CATEDR Church.

If the symbol in front of the royal title is not on the court a mere ringlet, but one, then the cap would have to be Attributed to Otto IV. Approximately of his time At least it is, because it shows the style of the similar ones. Dutch 'Last Years' of Xu. nnd the first of the Xm. century, of which so many of the Mttns The stamp can be explained by the enclosed inscription. They are these namely: Litttticher of the bishops Rudolf (1167-1191), Simon (1193-1195), Albert (1194-1200) and the simultaneous Provost Albert von Rethel (with CLAV IS FACVN=faucon, MVTV=mouton, PERO and PER WO r= perron and EQVS VENATIS), Brabanter by Gottfried m. (1143-1190) and his a successor Henry I (with BAN-DVC*LOV, LEO, O SCA CRVX and SCVT*HENRIC), and anonymous i) imperial

1) Capp« fi«bt «iaem ähBlenden denarii with the eagle f^ei in the field tUtl the Adlertehilde and beifeaeUtem SCVT' IPEAT, xwas the Umachrüt FRED — MTOR (K. M. I No. 708 plate VIH 134); But she's not there,

150 * ^* I>anneiiberg,

borrowed, probably from Friedrieh I's late period or from his son Henry VI (1190—1197) from AQVILA, CLAVIS and SCVT. I PEAT (seutum imperatöris) . The CLAV I S clearly shows Maestricht, where it appears a century and a half earlier. Our denarius is probably struck there too, and if not from Otto IV, but also from Henry VI. — That is to be regretted defective condition of our coin, which bears the name of the apparently behind CATEDRALIS mint mentioned reveals more.

Incidentally, Cappe K. M. IH is somewhat similar. Tab. IV 46, but here it says AVGVST-« instead of OREX and that There are no buildings in the RF buildings drawn quite differently. writing.

2. Reign of HerstaL Heinrich I. 1253—1285.

bSnR — DQS to the side of the lion shield, above which a ringlet between two balls. Rf. MOIl— STÄ— TIRS— TÄL, divided by a long double-lined cross in it Angles 0188.

This sterling is one of the many imitations of the Bra-

IPEATOR is what I have said before (Berl. Bl. m 8. 50 Ajim.). On This error, which puts his unreliability in the brightest light, stop Cappe not only much later (K. M. III No. 526), but also adds the less dangerous, but even more incomprehensible, that he (also- there) the well-known Angustals (K. M. I No. 707 Plate XXII 364) must be mentioned here Dutch compilation and because of the apparent similarity, also declared Dutch, and turns against Leitzmann, who was in ToUer- harmony with the general, based on style and style, absolutely unchallengeable view of this Augnstalii for Italian opera considered.

Zni Niederiindischoii Mflozknnde. 151

banter of Duke John I (1261 - 1294), can therefore only from this eldest Henry, not from his eponymous one be a grandchild. Only two such sterling pieces are known from him (Mader critical article V p. 182: v. d. Chijs, de mnnten dar leenen van Brabant plate I nos. 3 and 4), the one with the coin Mostly 6bIS, corresponding to our 6IS8, but both with the inscription 08 bÄRSSTÄL.

3rd rule later County of Hern. Dirk Loef f 1390.

*MONeTÄ*WIERD^ Lion, all in one frame of twelve flowers enclosed in a circle. Petitioner Internal Surroundings writing ThE - ODV - ÄhO - TER divided by a cross. External transcription: benedictum sit nomen dni nri Jhu Xri, only partially readable.

A lion's penny, in the style of the Duke's Brabant tables Johann HI. (1312 - 1355), from those at v. d. Chijs (m. d. 1st v. Brabant plate XXX 3) only differ in that on the latter the name of the mint Weert blERD and Although it is written in such a way that the V almost has the shape of an L has, as with v. d. Chijs p. 137 LIERD is printed. The transliteration of the Rf, he explains: TheEODeric VÄn hOome en AtTBHa. So bold ellipses, but on the coins of the small Dutch gentlemen who wrote the inscriptions in profit-seeking intentions often come with incredible freedom. act, least of all alienating. Some striking ones I have examples of this type in the description of a gold guilder by William VII of Hom, the successor of our Theodoric in Huber's numismatic journal Vol. III p. 214- provided.

152 H. Duin«nberg,

4. Reign HedeL

1) Unwritten on both sides. St. Peter in half form, with Ejreaz (nnd key?), in front of him coat of arms (three increasing moons). Bf. Arch, three tinned towers above, below within Beifes: three waning moons. — Diameter 16'''. Weight 0.40.

This is how Grote (Münzstud. VH. p. 111) describes this coin with the heading: "undetermined Westphalian Pfenning", and remarks that she is a faithful replica of the one at the end of the XV. and the beginning of the XVI. Century in eastern Westphalia beaten pennies, which Osnabrück received from the bishops Conrad IV (1482 - 1508) and Erich (1508 - 1532), Mindische by Bishop Franz (1508-29), through which the age of ours Pfennigs is established, as well as Count Ritber^schc and noble Diepholzische there. That is completely true. But if he added the three crescents of our coin did not belong to any mint owner and formed the coat of arms of the Eichsfeld family von Bodenhausen and von Hanstein, then this is incorrect in relation to the first assumption and so- also the conclusion that we have it here with the traditional Dish fantasy piece of some contemporaneous one in Westphalia local counterfeiters.

The three crescents actually form the coat of arms of the small estate Hedel (contrary Heel) in the Maaslande, not far by Zalt-Bommel (v. d. Chijs, de munten der berries van Gelder- country pp. 208, 210). John of Polanen, Mr. d. Leak and Breda had a son Otto, Mr. v. d. Lick and Hedel, which cher Sophia, the heir daughter of Friedrich von Berg fs Heerenberg)

Znr NiedediadiMkMi Minzkande. 153

married (see p. 202). From this plane arose hflm n. der Reiche (f 1465), who belonged to his grandfather Friedrieh followed in the Berg rule. From its two seeds he- OswaU I. Berg held, which became a county in 1486 would be, while Lndolf, who was not married in 1499 Hebea decided to come to terms with Hedel (a. a. 0. p. 206). See Wilhelm ü. worked in Hedel (y. d. Chijs a.a.O. Plate XVI 5, Plate XVH 7—10. These coins are the following:

a) * WILbBL : DQS l DB l SßO^, in the field between two Lions WLSB. Bf. * SEOneTTÄ * IlOVÄ * DG b Cross (copper, Plate XVI 5) .

b) * WILbQIiSBVS o DnS o DG o SBOT Fourth coat of arms with the Bergisches Löwen in 1st and 3rd^ the cross of By- land and the three crescents of Hedel in the 2nd and 4th fields, in the heart shield the Lion of Berg [Bf, * SßOßGTÄ § ROVAÄ § DGobGD cross with D (dieren?) in the middle. (Billon noirj Plate XVn 7.

c) *WILbGLSBVS^DnS^DQ^SßO^ same coat of arms, only the moons have a completely different pattern and position. Bf. As before, only bGDL at the end. (Billon noir) plate.

xvn 8.

d) «WILbGLSßVSiDnS.... same coat of arms, the half- But the moons are depicted differently. Bf, 4bWILbGLSI2VS^ DnS^DG UUenkreuz. (Billon noir) Plate XVH 9.

e) 4bWILbGLa2VS-DRS*DG*SßO the same coat of arms only with a changed position of the moons. Bf. * WILbGLSßVS • • • long cross dividing the inscription. (Billon noir) plate. xvn 10.

These coins, which like v. d. Chüs noticed correctly, rather belong to the Hedel rule as the Barony of Berg, reflected all the concerns that one might have regarding the questions raised by the Hf. and Bf. could raise and teach the changing position of the moons.

154 H. DAimeiiUrg,

that we don't use the present pfennig as yet need to look at the fantasy piece of a counterfeiter, a questionable means of information that we came to in the first place can be used when all art of interpretation is put to shame. Like the moons on this penny the one time the opening turned to the right, the other time to the left are, then the die cutter has the one just described four last denarii an equal and almost greater freedom permitted: on No. b (Plate XVII 7) he has it very large, one behind the other and with the opening diagonally upwards posed, on the following one they appear much smaller, on No. c ^Taf. XVII 8) opened upwards and placed 2.1, at No. d (Plate XVnO) in the 2nd field again 2.1 but the opening turned diagonally upwards; in the 4th field, however, with the Backs facing each other, finally on No. e (Plate XVII 10). 1, 2^ with the opening turned diagonally downwards. Each- So a different position and arrangement of the coats of arms, and that on coins from one and the same gentleman. There it is but probably not strange, if on a undoubtedly later date Coin like the one in question, the heraldic figure is again found differently. — But how often do German coins come in? have been imitated in the Netherlands on occasion the description of a gold guilder from Rummen to eliminate ment of the doubts raised by Grote, in the Berl. Bl. Vol. VI p. 299 carried out. The examples given here are Hesse There is also a gold guilder from Count Philip of St. Pol (page f. Münzfreunde 1874 p. 286 plate 38 no. 1).

That's why Wilhelm didn't mint our coin According to the above, undoubtedly, but more doubtful who they are with is to increase. She could from Wilhelm's named son Ludolf be comfortable, especially since it only shows the coat of arms of Hedel, which was his only possession. But do you want them for that? If you don't hold it early, you could survive Ludolfe

To NUdMUndlMfaMi HünikoDde.

166

Knder, Count Oswald I (f 1506), or his son Attribute Oswald, Friedrich von Hedel (f 1513). For dui This Friedrich's nephew, Oswald n. Count von Berg, dSrfte her IQ must be old, and the choice between Lndolf and Friedrieb Mr von Hedel wavered.

The title and partly the coat of arms come from Hedel to the Thalem, which the Counts of Berg in the XVI. year- a hundred in particular had such a large number beaten, namely Here the crest to HELDE, HEELDE is disfigured. That is But not everything we know about the dynamics of this win- know the sovereignty; There are also two very rare ones, and, it seems, gold coins that have remained relatively unknown, which is based on a Dutch coin bank from the 17th century. year- hundred ■] look like this.

2] MON-H in a chariot drawn by two horses a half-dressed woman with three crescents on her left Hand holds, in section 1579. Rf. NIHl- — LSIN — ELA_ BORE Blnmenkreoz with a lion in the middle. (double kronej .

3) Likewise, but R/. SINE— LABO— REN1 — HIL (on- fold crown). I have the name of the MOnzgattnng taken from the above-mentioned coin bank, which, by the way, is the father's Land of this coin is correctly labeled “BeU” and in this

11 L«ld«T is missing the TIHI; by Jooi Lutbrecht iber and the Jibr 1548, As a recent hindtechnic note points out, kton ea not sela, di et much ■pltaie HflDMD exempt.

Z«ltKkrlft f. HlBliB. II. 11

156 ^* Dannenberg, znr NladerULndlsclien Coinlogy.

Relationship can also be considered an authority, since these mouths zen shortly before the publication of the same and at least in the next closest proximity. The correct reproduction of these coins By the way, I can confirm this, as I have one of the same ones (which, I no longer remember} himself possessed and the deceased I left it to Professor Serrure in Ghent.

Berlin, June 1874.

H. Dannenberg.

The coins of Faldern.

H. Grote writes to J. Friedlaender: I am sending this You two coins from Faldern, the larger of which is unedited. About twenty-two years ago a local mint offered me “Collect four pieces, two of each type. I saw her briefly on, thought they were brands because of the strange style, and only took one of each kind. As I discovered soon after what I had received, I asked about the others both, and learned that Schellhass had received them. Yes only the smaller piece was sold in his auction. Leh had allocated the coins to a slightly different time, and «ends here the relevant sheet of my East Frisian coin {;e8ehichte for any use.

»The chiefs of Uphusen, now close to a village Emden, as loyal friends and allies of the Cirk- "ena at" the fall of the house of Ukena as part of the spoils Glory Oldersum won, so that Wiarda (H. P. 27} whom Chief Wiard calls “the mighty one.” Only Theda, she Heir of Ukena and wife of Count Ulrich Cirksena, made claims to rule. In order to reconcile this, Wiard bequeathed her when he died at the end of November 1461 Bnrg Midlum and other goods, and divided his remaining interests ailz«ngen among his three sons. Wiard the younger, the Uphasen received, Theda went to this instead of the severance payment Village Faldern from (Wiarda E. S. 65), which now after it

158 B- ^^'o*^ ""^ J- FiledUender,

In 1570 he moved to the Ringmanern toq Emden, anter his old name forms a part of Emden.

Aas Falerna [Faldem) is the BiBcbofs-Sflhne between the Bishops of Mttnster and the Brokmem dated 1275 '). (Richtiiofen Frieische Rechtaqnellen p. 151). The coat of arms of the Chiefs of Uptinsen were three LiÜen; you will find Bieh in Seal of our Wiards in a document from 1440 [Frisia, year- gang 1842 p. 49). The assumption that Uphnser Hänptlinge Bbwlich would have preferred to hit battles rather than until they were "powerful." had become, is supported by the outside of the mouth zen, which is the same from the middle of the fifteenth century assigns. So there is enough to determine the to justify the same.”

H. Grofe.

I add the descriptions of the two coins, which Mr. Dr. Grote had the good ones for me to see

I) M. 23 million. *DQVS:eST!WIPIiniQT!0 coat of arms shield with three lilies, above and to the sides of the shield •',' . *MONBTR:DBifKUiQKam Ereoz,

in the corners lilies.

1) More correct: 1276, «live E. Friedluuder, OitMeilKhe* UikondvDboeli Ni. 30

The coins of Faldern. 159

2) ^. 17 MiU. *D8VS 8ST KIPhK 8T O Same

Sign, one point on top and one side. Rf. *M0n8TK D8 FKU8RnÄ The type

the first coin.

On both of them the L is designed like this in Falema: U, against in Alpha like this: I, here is the second line of the U at the same time Baseline of the P. On the first coin behind the U it says, like the word separator : , apparently after n in Falema without meaning.

J. Friedlaender.

prefer unedited Achaean federal coins and valuables* designations in Greek mdns.

(From the Greek.)

It was the tireless Sestini who brought the Ai^ before him whose published coins are very valuable in every respect. current series of bronze coins from the various cities of the Achaean covenant, and by collecting those which he added in some collections and especially in Hedervarian Museum was able to find a treasure published a monograph, which included two plates are given, in which 34 different coins from 26 districts »^ have been pictured ^) . The same one then has another Mttme, by Thelpusa, published^). StSdieift known to the Sestuoi has Mionnet Argos^), Millingen Alipheira^), Prokesch - East Dyme ^) and Leake €k)rtys ^) added. Last published Leicester Warren a more complete essay on the Mümen of the Achaean League; he had to deal with it again study of the coins in question and both the domestic

1) Sopra le medaglie antiche relatiTe alla confederazione degU Aehei» tazione dl Domenico Sestini. MUano. MDCCCXVn.

2) Descrizione d'alcone medal greeche del mnseo del Signore Carlo dt)i— tavio Fontana, parte seconda. p. 33rd day V, No. 15.

3) Snppl. T. IV. P. 5. No. 20, 21.

4) Sylloge of ancient nnedited coins. S.SO. Plate II, No. 33.

5) Unknown European-Greek coins. 17.

6) A Supplement to Numismata Helleniea. p. 110.

Paul Lambros, About nnedirte ftchAeiicIia federal coins n. 8. w.

191

the Museeii of London, Paris and Vienna, as well as those in Yielen Private saunas kept in Angensdiein; there- Since then he has added four new cities to his work, taking lent Dipaea, Elisphasioi, Heraea and Pheneos ^) . Then has Mr. Postolakas presented the coin to the National Museum in Athens another city, from Methjdrion, Y^öffenflicht ^) and aasser- This is what Mr. Finlay said in the statement he made to the completion of the Description published in Leicester Warren's work Y

Aegina

Cleonae

Heraea

Phigalea

Aegium

Corinthus

Hermione

PhUus

Alipheira

Corone

Megalopolis

Sicyon

Antigoneia

Dipaea

Megara

Stymphalus

Argos

Dyme

Messene

Tegea

Acea

Elis

Methydrium

Thelpusa

Asine

Elisphasioi

Pagae

Thisoa.

Caphya

Epidaurus

pallantium

Ceryneia

Eya

Pellene

Cleitor

Qortys

Pheneus

It would be after the publication of the Leicester work Warren is to be expected, especially since the boards are named after the Mttn- Zen themselves are drawn, that nothing more would be necessary, than that the newly discovered coins were communicated each time become. However, the author was content with just that to communicate the drawing of one coin to each city; In addition, the coins were fair, even though they were drawn in London.

1) "Tbe eopper eetoase of the Aehaeen Leafe" in the Nnmiimitic Chieolde 1864. 8. 77-9Ö.

2) Annali deU' inttitnto etc. XXXVIIL 1886. 8. 387. No. 22.

3) NomUmetic Chronide. 1866. P. 32.

102 ^"^L»mbrM,

very faithfully reproduced and the plates are very detailed. Btocliea. From this point of view there would still be a lot to do. ar- I have some work left over and I have long since given up on it started; However, I limit myself to that as a small contribution to the magazine fttr Nnmismatik die Include coins from four nice cities.

Alea.

Alea, a city in Arcadia, lay Ew^dien Orcbomenoe and Stymphalos, had a temple of the Ephesian Artemis, the Athena Alea and Dionysus, in which aach one Statne of the Gkitte is confiscated. In honor of the latter An annual festival called Skieria would be celebrated here According to an oracle, Delphi scourged the women were like the Spartan boys at Orthia *] . Alea was one of the sites on which Uegalepolis was synodized became 3). The rains from old Alea are between today's tigen Dtirfem Bagi&ti and Hagios Nicolaos za see, right in the middle a Tbale, which is southeast of the Stymphalian area spreads.

Ij Zens Homegyrios standing naked Hnkahin; he acts in the A Nike carrying a wreath pikes, he holds one in his toads Spear. In the field K — A .

Rev. AXAlfiN AAEAT. The Pan-Aohaean Demeter beginning a steel seated to the left. She's wearing one in her beech Eianz, in his left hand a spear. ^. 4th Gr. &,8&.

1) P>a». Atlud. xxm, 1.

2) FaoB. 1. >. O. XXVn, 3.

About nnedltte «chufach Bimdesmiiiuaii n

2} The same Gepi%e of the Zens HomegyrioB without the Bncb Btaben in the field.

Bv. AXAiaN AAEATAN. The same impression of the seated the panachaei Bohen Demeter. ^. 4th Gr. 3.98.

Sestiiii writes two Uounces to the city of Alea, which the Address AAEIfiN have, after Stephanos death Byzantium 'J but Laates the ethnic group of the city Aleos or Aleates, so that Alea can't explain these things - so she's right Leiceeter Warren in agreement with Mr. Babington Elis tongued. The two mtnzen published here are then the first, who are described as the assistant of the Achaean BondeB a lot of Alea's HQs become known.

Hfpana.

Hypana, a town in the Triphylia, was north of PyloB, which it was adjacent to ^). Polybins arises from Hypana with eight other cities of Triphylia, and he says that its inhabitants during the time of the Allied War Olympus 140 Philip V had handed over ^j . After decay the city and its inhabitants transferred to the synoecised Elis gone*). Ptolemy called the city Hypaoeia*).

Aof the northern slopes of Mount Smema, which with the mountain Kaiapha corresponding to ancient Lapithon

1) and W, Alt».

3) Die. vin, 3U.

3) Polyb. IV. 77, 78.

4) Strb. *. >. 0.

D) Ftolem. UI, 16, 18.

|g4 ^'^^ Lambros,

Ruins have been preserved on a terrace near Mundritza Borsian ^} one of the four towns mentioned by Polybius (Hypana, Typaneae, Bolax and Stylangion).

3) OPA — ZY — MAX — OZ. The same imprint of the Zeus Homegyrios.

Bv. AXAIÜN YnANÜN. The same imprint of the pan- Achaean Demeter. EVER. 4.

LusoL

Lusoi, a city of the Asanen next to the Aroan Mountains on the border of the territory of Eleitor were still Olympus 58.3 independently, as a Lusiate Agesilaus by name won victory with a Benn horse at the Pythia; later but became Lusoi. a village of the Eleitoris. On the mountain Suid is located on the road that led from Lusoi to Nonacris the grotto where the frenzied daughters of Frdtoe take refuge took those from Melampus back to Luaoi and through secret sacrifices and lustrations in the Temple of Ar- temis were healed, which since then has been the clerical Hemeraria mentioned ^) . This temple, which is among all Greeks was considered an inviolable asylum, the Aetolians wanted to go under the leadership of Timaeus during the War of the Covenants Olympus 139.4 plunder. But the Lusiatea were so clever. To give away some of the goddess's sacred goods, and in this way the crime of the Aetolians without any retribution

1) Geography of Greece. B. II, 268, 285.

2) Break. Arkady. XVIU, 3.

Cebei nnedirta aehteltcbe Bnndeimanzeii d. i. w. Igg

to turn away from oneself i] . The Ärtemis temple was from one Grove of Tuagebeo, in which the spring looked great in addition to a grotto, in which Helampas had cleansed the bowls of FroitoB; It was not generally believed and was attested by one on the source Eelbat inscription that their water those who drink it have such an aversion to wine influenced that they didn't even suffer his pleasure afterwards committees. £a there was another legend about it borrowed mice living in the spring ^] . In the time of Paasanias Even the ruins of Lnsoi were no longer preserved.

The location of Lnsoi was in the plain which is now the Dorfe Sudena belongs.

4) ANTIM— AXO — Z. Same imprint of Zeos HomegyrioB.

Rev. AXAia...(A)OTZIATAN. The same character panachaeisdien Demeter. ^. 4Y(. Size 3.98.

Tenthis.

Theutis, a city near Theisoa, was with this- sem nnd Hethfdrion depended on Orchomenos, and it was one from the south, which contributed to the founding of Hegalepolis who carried it as whose village it later existed']. In the tro- During the Janian War, the inhabitants of Tenthis had one of their own

1) PalTb. IV, IS and IX, 34.

2) St. Bti. and W. Ai»bU. BnriliD, OeogT. t. QriecheiiUiid. B. tl. 26&— 266.

3) PftDt. •. >. 0.

4) P*Bt. AiUd. XXTU, 3 and 0.

Leaders named Tentbie, or Omytos by other names gave, had. If the Greeks camped in Aalig were not removed, could sail, wanted Tenthis, who was in a dispute with Aga- Memnon was advised to aaxh the Arcadians commanded by him Hanseatic League. At this opportunity Athena warned him, by taking the form of Melas, Grandpa's son, in front of the Rockkebr. But Teuthis became angry and struck him Goddess with his spear on the thigh and the army drives away to the Anlis. After his return the goddess appeared to him wounded in the thigh and since then Tenthia has been suffering from shrinkage sncbt seized, but the earth brought the arcade of Tenthis alone no fruit. After some time the residents got to Dodona an oracle about what they should do to reconcile the goddess, among other things, they massed a statue of Athena with a wound on her thigh let it take effect. Pansanias himself saw this statue; her was the cupbearer! wrapped in a purple bandage. In Teuthis were also two temples, that of Aphrodite and that of the species >) .

In the opinion of i^eake^ and Baraian'] the Place of Teuthis occupied by today's Dimitsana, Aaf whose offer includes excesses of polygonal walls. which are.

5] The same character of Homegyrian Zeus.

Rb. AXAlflN TETOIAAN _ rNQZEAZ. Same Oepi%e of the Panachaean Demeter. .<£. 4*/i. —

. Ark»d. XXVllI, 3. 2) Morel. B. n. öflf.

3) Oeogc. V. Grieebantuid. B. II, 231.

About noeded Achaean alliance coins, etc. XQf

Mr. Finlaj puts over the coins in his stadiums of the Achaean volume the question is which one The value of the bronze alliance coins should be, and concludes that they would be a Chalkos ^) . We can use this opinion of the Don't accept the taught author, and we believe prove it that the coins in question have a much larger value value than that determined by Finlay. We notice namely, that on the coin of Pellene, upon which the name of the arch APXEMA is written, still an XI reading is; but the same letters also appear on the Coin of Thelpusa with the name of the Archon, and on the Coin of Antigoneia finds this XI alone without one Archon names. What do these two letters J mean? Sestini thinks that it is the first syllable of the word Chiliarchqg^^j but Mr. Leicester Warren refrains from making an explanation ^). I now believe that the letters XI mean nothing else. as the value of the coin, with X being the initial book value letter of the word XaXxoij l but is a numeral and ten means. Accordingly, the bronze coins of the Achaean According to the Covenant, the value of ten Chalkoi and not one single.

The value is on the coins of different cities denoted, as in Ephesus and Rhodes by AIÄPAXMON, in Byzantium, Melos and Ephesus by APAXMH, in Samothrace by TPiaBOAO, in Metapontum and Ghios by OBOAOZ, in Aegion by HMIOBEAIN, in Chios by TETPAXAA- KON, TPIXAAKON and AIXAAKON, AZZAPIA TPIA and AYÜ, AZZAPION and AZZAPION HMYZY (they). But most of these coins come from Roman

1) NumUmatic Chronlcle. 1866. P. 30.

2) Description of the Alcane Medaglie Greek from the Museo del Signore d'OtUvio Fon- tana. Parte great. p. 75.

3) NumUmatic Chronlcle. 1864. P. 87.

Eat Paul Lambros,

times ago and because such coins were rare in older times are, they can also be viewed as an exception. It but gives up many coins besides those mentioned above which the value is represented by one or more letters or other characters are also indicated. But the meaning is this Letters and characters by which this is also shown In the older times the habit was very common on the Describing the value of coins has been the most striking thing so far. numismatist's ability has been missed or incorrectly explained. Now here's my preliminary explanation with some examples To bear witness to the two letters XI, I share some coins with what certainly seems to me to be the value. The coins in question can be divided into different classes. We will discuss the hemiobolia first.

Hemloboli.

Of the hemiobolia, to which the value refers the Achaean ones are silver, but those of the later ones are brass time ; such are known from various Arcadian cities, from Sikyon, Argos^ Eranioi. The Arcadian cities, from which The types of hemiobolia known to date are as follows:

Eleitor. Ij The front part of a horse to the right.

22r. E in a square of four lines, the €lance in a quadratum incusum. AI. %• Grr. 0.478^).

Mantineia. 2] Acorn between the letters M and A. Bv. rn AI. 3/4. Gr. 0.480 2).

3) Acorn.

Ev. E.AI. 3/4. Gr. 0.462.

1) Revue Numismatique. 1860. P. 272.

2) Revue Numismatique. 1869-70. P. 170. N. 26.

About unedited Acha6ian alliance coins etc. w. Ig9

Pallantion.

4) A youthful head to the right. Bv. m jR, y,. Gr. 0.450i)..

Psophis.

5) A deer running to the right.

Bv. E in a square of Ettgelchen, the whole thing in one square incnsum. AI. 1st Gr. 0.4io.

Tegea. 6] An owl standing to the right.

Bv. E and an olive leaf in a quadratum incusum. JB. 3/4 • Crr. 0.390.

The coins described above bear on the front side the character of the city to which they belong^ on the But on the reverse there is the capital E, the first letter of the word 'HfinoßoXtov; the weight of all of them by equaling that of the hemio- Bolien of the Egyptian currency, which is also used in the was common in the cities mentioned, confirms the opinion that that these coins have the value of one hemiobolion.

Sicyon. 7) A pigeon standing to the right.

Bv. A pigeon flying to the right. Above that Heads W, bottom H. The border in a quadratum incusum. AI. 8/4 size 0.400.

8] A pigeon standing to the right.

Bv. A pigeon flying to the right. Above that Heads m, bottom H. The whole thing in a quadratum incusum. AI. 8/4. Gr. 0.480.

9) A pigeon standing to the right with a pigeon facing left turned head.

Bv. A pigeon flying to the right with the banners Rods m and H in a quadratum incusum. Jft. V4-Cti*- 0.350.

1) Rangabtf, Antiqoit^s HeDeniqoes. B. I. 406. Plate XI.

]70 P^^^ LambroB,

10) A pigeon standing on the right barrel; she has raised his left innss and scratched his bowed head.

Bv. A pigeon flying to the left, dear to that Heads m, bottom H. The whole thing in a quadratum incusum. jR. 3/4. Gr. 0.370.

11) A pigeon standing to the left.

Itv. A pigeon flying to the left. Above that Heads LU^ below H . The whole thing in a quadratum incusum. AI. V4. Gr. 0.350.

12) A pigeon standing to the left, facing to the right turned head.

Bv, A pigeon flying to the right. Under that Kopfe H. — JR. 3/4- Clr. 0.350.

13) A lion walking to the left. Above him W^ below I . Bv, A pigeon flying to the left in an olive tree

wreaths. JR. 1st Gr. 0.390.

14) A lion walking to the left. Above him W, below H . Vol. A pigeon flying to the left in an olive tree

wreaths. AI. 1st Gr. 0.390.

Argos.

15) A capital B.

Bv. A in a quadratum incusum. The field above is divided by a transverse line, creating two deeper small ones quadrata incusa are formed. JR. ^4. Gr. 0.480.

16) A capital B.

Bv. A under which m. The upper part of the field at the end of the A is divided into two by a vertical line parts shared. JS. V2 size 0.420i).

The hemiobolia of Argos, which belong to a later period are numerous and all copper, they wear on the lapel different stamps and archon names, but in the field one

1) Vienna Numismatic Journal. B. III, p. 396.

About nDediter achaei bond coins etc. ^741

gioBseft B. These coins were previously attributed to Thyrea, Mr. Imhoof-Blamer, however, with great thoroughness neeb has discussed several questions, has these with Beoht Aigoa attributed by noting that the Zeidien B is not dsi Oh, it can be what everyone has thought so far, but a spirit asper; But it wasn't possible for him either To provide an explanation of this spirit ^) . But it seems certain that the Argives, by using the archaic form of this sign preserved, which was also used in later times have power to indicate the value of the hemiobolion.

Eranioi. 17] A ram standing to the left.

Rv, A capital H , above which is a K . JE, 4 2) .

18) The front part of a ram standing to the left. Rev. A capital H. JE. V^^)-

19) A bull's head from vom.

Rv, lA capital K , above which H . EVER. 4^) .

20) A bull's head from vom.

Rev. A capital H. ^. 21/2^). For a value designation, this must also be on the small Coins from Allifae and Phistelia ^) as well as from Neapolis and Rhegion written H must be kept ^) . But if some of these coins are not worth it because of their excess weight Hemiobolia can be kept, so you can use them as Accept hemilitres, as Sambon suspects, or else

1) Nomismatic magazine. B. III, p. iOlfT.

2) De Bosset, Ess&i sur les medaliUes antiqnes des iles de Cepballonie et «le Ithaque. P. 25, No. 34.

3) JloaroXaxag, Karaloyog tütv uQ^^Ctov vo^iOfiaKüv jdÜv vr^uiv Kt^vgaf, AivxnSogt *I^axtjg xal KufalXriviag etc. 93, No. 921.

4) De Bosset, op. a. 0. P. 26, No. 36. ö) A. a. 0. P. 26, No. 38.

6) Friedlaender, The Oscan MO^izens. Plate V, Nos. 2, 3, ö and 6.

7) Sambon, Becherobes inr les monnaies de la presqu'ile italiqüe. p. 143^ Nos. 20 and 21. — p. 352, no. 17.

Z«it«cbrift f. Nomism. II. 12

172 P^^ Lambros,

as Hemidecachalken. As a first letter of the word Hemiobolion can also do this on the Beyers of the copper Coins of Athens inscribed. E apply by placing the on four owls imprinted on the obverse denote the four Chalkoi, which correspond to the value of the hemiobolion ^).

Trihemiobolion.

Like the E on the hemioboli to denote value serves, the three E's on other coins indicate this three times the weight of the trihemiobolion. There are such coins from Heraea and Tegea are known.

Heraea. 1] Pallas's head to the left.

Rev. ^^t -*• 2 sizes 1.51.

Tegea. 2) Gorgoneion, above which is a T.

Rev. 4äL. . JR. 2 2).

Eight such coins that I have weighed have one Gravity of Gr. 1.053 to 1.480, which weight completely come corresponds to that of the trihemiobolion.

But the Cranians have the first syllable on their coin

of the word Trihemiobolion^ as appears from the following

coin becomes visible.

Eranioi.

3] The yord part of a ram to the left; his left Foot is bent, but the right one is stretched out.

Rev. TR in a quadratum incusum. AL. IVa- Gd. 1,405.

Eckhel^ by using the letters TRI for the first syllable of the resident's mother TQixxaiiov, has the above mentioned written coin attributed to the Thessalian Trikka ') and

1) Beul^, Les monnaies d'Ath^es. p. 18.

2) General Fox, Engravings of unedged or rare Greek coins 1.90 plate VI, 17.

3) Numi veteres anecdoti. Pars I. p. 90. Plate VI, No. 17.

About unedited Achaean bond coins etc. w. 173

this has such a probability that no one until now has tried to doubt it. The weight of the coin but^ the style and the character, the ram, are stinunen in perfect agreement with the other coins of Kranioi, also the location of these coins, four of which I am sure white were found in Cephallonia, and finally the habit that we find among the Eranians, on their coins To describe the value, all this grants me the superiority evidence that the coin in question was minted in Kranioi is and that the letters TRI are the first syllable of the word TQirjfuwßohov is.

To describe the value of a Trihemiobolion There is also the syllable TPI, the two letters TR and the T alone on the following coins.

4) Head of Achelous.

Ev, A capital T. AI. . , . Gr. 1.06i).

5) Head of Achelous.

Rev. A large T between two decorated with acorns th oak branches. Below KAA. AI, ... Gr. 0.87 2).

6y A. • . . ZOZ. Achelous head to the right.

Bv. A large T between two oak leaves Acorns. AI. 2nd Gr. 1 3).

7) Head of Achelous to the right.

Rev. sTj in a flat, hollow field. AI. 2nd Gr.

1,170^).

8) Head of Achelous to the right.

Rev. oTji in a hollow square. AI. 2nd Gr. 1.12 *).

1) Revue nnmismatique. 1862. P. 301, No. 1.

2) Revue nomismatiqne. 1862. P. 301, No. 2.

3) Revue nomismatiqoe. 1865. P. 159, No. 1.

4) Revue nnmismatique. 1869-70. P. 176, No. 12.

5) Berlin sheets for coinage, seals and heraldry, tb. II. 1865. 8. 7, No. 5.

12*

J74 ^*^ Lambros,

9] Hercules head to the left.

Bv, 9T\ ; one each above the letters 9 and I grape. ^. 2nd Gr. 1.12 *).

As the Achelous head suggests, the coins come from under Nos. 4 - 8 from Akamania. But their weight is also right with that of the Akaman coins, because the of Leake 2) mentioned the heaviest drachma like ^ 78 English. Gran or Gr. 5,054, but the lightest in Hunter's collection ^) weighs 64 V2 G^^Ti or Gr. 4,179; Accordingly, the Obolo corresponds to the first size 0.842, the second but Gr. 0.696. Therefore is the average weight for an Akaman Obolos Gr. 0.769, for a trihemiobolion but size. 1.153, and this Ge- According to weight, all coins described above weigh up to the one under number 5, which is much easier because maybe was poorly preserved.

One cannot judge with certainty whether the ones next to T The letters located here are the initials of archon names or are from the ethnic groups of the cities to which the coins belong; But now it happens that the letters KAA are on the coin No. 5 the initials of on the coins of Oeniadae occurring name Kalliroa are, the Z but and KO the Coins under numbers 7 and 8 are the first letters of the Ethnikon the cities of Stratos and Eoronta. But if we despite that There is a lack of a letter that identifies the city want to conclude from the coin number 9 from the head of Hercules, which cher also appears on the coins of Alyzeia we have no decency to attribute this coin to this latter city - attribute, all the more so as we see^ that also on the Didrachms of this city as secondary symbols a club and a Arches occur.

1) Hunter plate 60, lü, by Imhoof (Zeitschbr. f. N. 1. p. 327) Tiryns to- shared. A.v. S.

2) Nnmismata Uellenica. Enrop. Gr. p. 2.

3) Hunter p. 3, no. 5.

prefer unedited Achaean band coins, etc. 175

Tetartemoilii.

Tetartemoria, according to which the value is designated, are known from Aegina, Sikyon, Argos and an unknown one MyAsian City; there is just a T or on it TE or a monogrammed TE, the first letters of the Word TetaQTrifidfiov.

Aegina.

1) A sea turtle.

Bv. f. jR. V2 size 0.20.

Sicyon.

2) A pigeon flying to the left, with a Z behind it.

Bv. A pigeon flying to the left, with a T in front of it. JB. V2-6r, 0.21.

3) A pigeon flying to the left.

Bv. TE in an olive wreath, -d?. Sy^ . 4] A pigeon flying to the left.

Ar. "p in an olive wreath. JE. SV*.

Elis. 5] Eagle head to the right. Bv. T. jR, 3/^.

From this mask I saw several years ago I kept the picture without noting the weight. But it is certainly a Tetartemorion of EUs.

Argos.

6) T

Bv. A in a square incnsum. The field will

above the A divided by a vertical line, whereby two deeper hollow small squares are created ^) .

Unknown city in Asia Minor.

7) A female head from vom.

Bv. ^ in a quadratum incusum. A. V2 • Location. 0.161 >).

1) Revue Namismatique. 1865. P. 15d.

2) General Fox, Part H, No. 39.

176 ^^^ Lambros,

Trite tartemoria.

Just like the value of the hemiobolion^ with a simple E

denoted by the triple E but that of the trihemiobolion

is, it is also indicated by the simple T the value of

Tetartemorions, through the triple T but that of the Tritetarte-

morions. Such coins are known from Thurioi, Elis, Eranioi,

Argos, Mantineia and an unknown Arcadian city; theirs

Description follows.

Thurioi.

1) Pallas's head.

Bv, Three T arranged in the following manner, j^ in between 'GOY and a Fittig. jR. 1st Gr. 0.28i).

2) Pallas's head to the right.

Bv. Three Ts arranged as on the previous coin, then between OOY and a grain of barley. -Ä. V2 ^)-

Elis. 3j Zen head to the right.

Bv. Three T's as on the previous coins.

4] Zeus head to the right.

Bv. Three T's like on the previous coins, in between

FAA. JR. 1V2- Gr. 0.469 3).

^ , Eranioi.

5) Gorgonion.

Bv, three Ts as on the previous coins, in between

KPA. AI. IV4. Gr. 0.67 4).

Argos.

6) A crown-wearing Juno head to the right.

Bv. TTT. A distaff. .Ä. 1st Gr. 0.60 »)•

1) Sambon, recherches etc. p. 299, no. 4.

2) DescriptioD des m^daiUes Grecqoes oomposant la coUection de M.J.Grtfaa. P. 44, No. 516.

3) General Fox, Part I. No. 98.

4) De Bosset, p. 25, no. 31.

5) Choix de monnaies Grecqnes du cablnet de F. Imhoof-Blomer, Fl. 11, No. 64. — Numismatic Journal, B. in, p. 406.

l.'eb«T unedirte iclueiiche BandaimilDEBn ci. w. 177

A GeilLth similar to that of this MUDze goal Below the inscription there are two attiBohen graves see, one of which is rom TCrdeed Rttakis, the other yon Enmanndes was published, which also included the illustrations has published information from both ■] . Rttakis has the subject fending G«räth referred to as a distaff and this Me- According to Mr. Enmanndes, this is true. Mr. Conze but thinks it is a key >), which Mr. Imhoof-Blnmer, who accepts this designation as the holy key of Argirian Jnnotemple ^) . But the more you care that at the foot of the Argive monks and the Athenian gravestones The more you look at the symbol that appears, the more you are overwhelmed by it. shows that it cannot possibly be a key; therefore hold I am of the opinion that it is a distaff, more likely; Mr. Pastolakas shares the same opinion.

Uantineia. 7) Three acorns with the capsule in the middle, with the .peaks but after ooBBen; in between MAN.

Rev. Three T's as on the coins under No. 1 - 5. jM. 1. Gr. 0.675.

unknown Arcadian city. 8] A Negro head to the left.

Bv. Three T's as on the previous coin. .Jl. 1st quarter

rt,67 *].

De Bosset attributes this coin to Eraniem, HflUer aMr the delphtem to ; because but three that I in TerBchiedeneD Zri^ I have seen clearing, from the Peloponnec bMkWio» ^uto I believe that Bie belongs to an Arcadian city

Jhv{..Jot 6evt(«.. im B.7>.»' »«.8«.

;176 ^^ Lambios,

The value of the Tritetartemorion is also dnrdi tili T with swd Ktlgelchen or also denoted by a letter T, as can be seen from the following coins.

Phocis.

9] A big <|>.

Bv. *T« in a square nm inciuram. jR. 1. 6r. 0.589^). 10) <|>aKEflN. Three bull heads decorated with tania.

Bv. T in a praise wreath 2) . ^. 5. On the copper coin of Phocis the value is expressed the T, the first letter of the word TfizevanTifjfiOQiovy also denoted by the three bull heads, which certainly not for simple decoration and with no meaning stamped on it have been, but like the three acorns on the coin of Mantineia under No. 7, thus repeated three times The symbol represents the value of the Tritetartemorion. The The three still have the significance of such a value designation Grapes, the three (barleycorns, the three half shields and the three crescents on the coins of Opus, Ordiomenos, Thebes, Athens and several other cities, on their coins the same symbol appears three times. In other cases come in the field or around the main character one or more kettgelchen or other characters; if you take all of this into account examined with sufficient attention and with the weight of the If you compare coins, you will almost always find that it is... There is a connection with the value. The xahUosen coins Tarentums are a grateful field and they can be visited by the Forsoher provide a wealth of material on the subject at hand; one might even think that the ones on the coins of The letters IIB and IIA that appear in Segesta have the value of the coin by using I as the first letter of a

1) Fox, Pirt I. No. 86.

2) Mionnet, U.S. 95. No. 12.

About anedirte AchtelMhe Bmidesmfiiizen a.s. w. 179

The word denoting the value, but IA and IB as a plural word can be explained if this view were not contradicted by that switch to tetradrachms IIA and IIB.

In a following approach I will use the caps of Eorinth and other cities treat the address Wear TPIH and A or AlO.

Athens, September 26, 1874.

Paul Lambros.

Miscellaneous.

Necrolog. G. Riccio f. Died in Naples in July excellent nomismatist Cav. Gennaro Biccio, an excellent net expert on coins of the Roman Republic and author of the well-known and still valuable work: le monete delle antiche famiglie di Roma, Naples 1836^ and the catalog dl antiche medaglie consolari etc. 1855 (supplement to this 1856] .

A.V.S.

Stamps with the coat of arms of the Palaeologists. In the Heyne numismatique 1865 p. 293 has Mr. y. Pfaffen hope a “paleological copper coin” was published, which was available on everyone Side yier B has a cross. He reminds me that

sIb

Coins of the Gattilusi yon Lesbos, which -4— on the reverse side

a|B

have shown in the contributions to older coinage, but he overlooked the explanation given there on page 43. These symbols, similar to B, have wonderful explanations yer occasion, you have e.g. B. Shackles for the Budersclayen of the ships want to recognize it, and therefore has these pieces for coins zen held to pay for the slayings. Just these characters often have the form g, they are fire steels; a cross with yier Feuerstahlen, atavQog fista nvQexßolfav, is the coat of arms of the Palaeologists. It is found on coins of the GktttUusi, which were related by marriage to this imperial family, as were those of the Margraves of Montferrat, who descended from him.

Miscellaneous. Igt

That from Mr. v. Pfaflfenhoflfen published piece was neither known, because in the coins of the Bhodiser Order p. 43 and Addendum p. 7 describes it with similar ones, nor are these coins, but tokens, and finally you can hardly use them byzantine call them tinish, because they are probably on one of the islands of the Aegean Sea by one of the Occidental princes shapes, they by no means have the character of the Byzantine Coins. J.F.

Finds of Brandenburg denarii. After obliging Message from Dr. Ed. Fishermen on new strikes are on the Feldmark of the village of Buchholz (near Finsterbarg in Meeklen- Burg-Strelitz) on three different occasions (around 2000 pieces each) Brandenburg denarii issued been dug^ namely

1) in 1853 the following species: Weidhas plate IV 2,

V 4, VI 5, 9 and 11, VH 2.

2) 1871. Weidhas IV 11 and 21, V 16, VI 11, 13, 16, 17,

IS and 19, VII 1 and 2, as well as a stratal sound flag bracteate.

3) 1873. Weidhas m 15, 16, 17, 19, 20 and 21, IV 2,

10, 14, 15 and 19, V 2, 3, 5, 9, 11, 13, 14 and 18 along with a Pomeranian and a Hitchhiker Denarius and two unrecognizable bracteates. Meklenburg stamps were missing from all of these finds, which may be explained by the fact that the area around Buchhok only after the end of the Margrave War (1314 - 1317). Meklenburg came. H.D.

■A^

i4K#

tg2 literature.

Literature.

Catalog of the Roman coins in the British Mnseum. •— Grneber, Herbert A., Boman medallions in the Br. M. London 1874. 8. 154 pp. nnd 66 plates again The British Museum has organized a magnificent pavilion forms the catalog of Roman medallions, by Grueber Participation of B. S. Poole and the other officials of the numeric matisohen department. The splendidly equipped work gives short, straightforward description, indication of weight, lists and tables and a mass of excellent autotype illustrations, partly based on the originals, partly based on cleverly made ones, but Those ink drawings that do not reach the original reproductions by Miss Mary Godsall. Although in this part the other tic coins left the Paris Museum despite the theft in 1831 will probably always remain unattainable, as the fullness of the Rarities in London arouse amazement. However, it also has Vienna and Berlin have much to offer that the London collection is missing - Vienna has the colossal gold medallions of the late ren Ice Age, Berlin the gold medallion of Elagabalus, the large one 77.22 grm. swaying gold medallion of Valens, others of Con- stantinS; the Unicum of Theodosius of 48 grm., the small one Gold medallion of Fausta, the magnificent bronze piece of Antonin without inscription with a wide border (a picture by Cohen detes Unicum) etc.

The London Beihe begins with two large Roman ones Medallions of Domitian, one of Traian ADVENTVS AVG and the more beautiful and finely crafted The same copy that is also extremely rare in Berlin Roman silver medallion of Hadrian. Only a few left Other rarities may be highlighted: a large one

Literature. IgS

Bronze medallion of Hadrian with the beautiful figure of Aescol^Q^ Aelius Caesar with CONCORDIA and three figures, Antoninua with a wide Kand, as well as Faustina the Elder. ä., the same with the Cybele on the lion, of masterful execution. M. Aurel and Commodus; Silver medallion of Elagabalus, also from Severv» Alexander (Mamaea in silver is missing, the Berlin copy is the largest of the few known). Silver medallion of the maxi min, bronze medallion of Pnpienus. Two silver medallions from Gordian m., three silver Treb. Gallus, one of the Volusian. Two of the same from Valerian, one from Valerian, Valerian the Elder. j. (Saloninus?), Gaul^ Salonina; Bronze medallions clay Tacitus and from Florianus. The large gold medallion of Diocletian with Jupiter standing; Helena in bronze and numerous gold* and silver pieces from the late period, most recently the large one by Cohen Pictured silver piece of Priscus Attalus with a seated Roma. Would you like the continued brilliant publications of the British Museum can also be an inspiration for our government, similar large sums for such scientific purposes to use. A.v. S.

Friedlaender, J., the Zeus of Phidias on the Coins from, Elis. (Monthly reports of the Academy 1874, p. 498-501 with a plate). Following his earlier Essay on the Zeus of Phidias on Hadrian's coins Elis points out Friedlaender here in a few convincing words also autonomous coins from Elis almost at the same time as Phidias according to which an albeit free reproduction of the Phidias see Zeus give: there are two rare large silver coins with it a rather old-fashioned, simple head long, somewhat pointed beard, short hair and laurel hair, similar to the archaic Zeus on silver coins of the italisdkfii Lokrer [Rf, EIPHNH]. The whole dispute about the alleged The figure of Zeus of Phidias is likely to be seen by all those of the city

J^76 ^^^^ Lambros,

Trite tartemoria.

Just like the value of the hemiobolion^ with a simple E

denoted by the triple E but that of the trihemiobolion

is, it is also indicated by the simple T the value of

Tetartemorions, through the triple T but that of the Tritetarte-

morions. Such coins are known from Thurioi, Elis, Kranioi^

Argos, Mantineia and an unknown Arcadian city; theirs

Description follows.

Thurioi.

1) Pallas's head.

Rev. Three Ts arranged in the following manner, j; in between '0OY and a Fittig. jR. 1st Gr. 0.28i).

2) Pallas's head to the right.

Rv, three Ts arranged as on the previous coin, there- between OOY and a grain of barley. jR. V2 *)•

Elis. 3j Zeus head to the right.

Rv, three T as on the previous coins.

4] Zeus head to the right.

Rev. Three T's like on the previous coins, in between

FAA. ^.11/2. Gr. 0.459 3).

Cranioi.

5) Gorgonion.

Rv, three Ts as on the previous coins^ in between KPA. jR, IV4. Gr. 0.67 4).

Argos.

6) A crown-wearing Juno head to the right.

Rv, TTT. A distaff. jR, 1st Gr. 0.60").

1) Sambon, recherches etc. p. 299, no. 4.

2) Description of the m^daiUes Grecques compostnt la coUection de M. J.Grtfan. P. 44, No. 516.

3) General Fox, Part I. No. 98.

4) De Rosset, 8. 25, No. 31.

5) Choix de monnaies Grecques du cablnet de F. Imhoof-Blomttr, Fl. 11, No. 64. — Numismatic Journal, B. III, p. 406.

About unedited acluieisGhe bond coins, etc. ^77

A device similar to that found on this coin is still under the inscription on two Attic gravestones see, one of which is from the late Pittakis^ the other from Eomanades was published, which also includes the illustrations has published information from both ^) . Pittakis has the subject The device referred to as a distaff and this device Mr. Emnanudes also believes that this is likely. Mr. Conze but thinks it's a key ^), which Mr. Imhoof-Blumer, who accepts this designation^ as the sacred key of Argive temple of Juno 3) . But the more you care that on the Argive coin and the Athenian tomb pillars The more you look at the symbol that appears, the more you are overwhelmed by it. shows that it cannot possibly be a key; therefore hold I think it's a distaff more likely; Mr. Pastolakas shares the same opinion.

Mantineia.

7) Three Eichehi with the capsule in the middle, with the But after sowing the tips; in between MAN.

Rev. Three T as on the coins under No. 1 - 5th JBl. t. Gr. 0.675.

unknown Arcadian city.

8) A Negro head to the left.

Rv, Three T's as on the previous coin. jR. 1st quarter

0.67 *).

De Bosset attributes this coin to Ejraniem, but to Müller the Delphiem to ; but we have three that I met in different times- I think they came from the Peloponnese I think it belongs to an Arcadian city.

1) W|»/aioJlo)^ijt4 ifffifAtgif. n%Q(o6Qt diviiga. 1862. pp. 75, 76. Kr.81,^

2) Dankmiler and Fortchongen. Berlin. No. 164 - 165 August and St]^ December 1862.

, S) NumitmAtitcbe Magazine, B. UI. p. 406. 4) De Bottet, p. 25, no. 32.

178 ^^ L«&lbT06,

The value of the Tritetartemorion is also dofdi ^ T with swd Kttgelchen or also denoted by eiii simple T, as can be seen from the following coins.

Phocis.

9) A capital 4^.

Rv, *T* in a square incnsnm. ^A 1. 6r. 0.5S9 i). 10) 4>QKEfin. Three bull heads decorated with tania.

Bv, T in a wreath of praise ^j . EVER. 5. On the copper coin of Phocis the value is stated the T, the first letter of the word TQiTevadttjfioQiov^ also denoted by the three bull heads, which certainly not for simple decoration and with no meaning stamped on it have been, but like the three acorns on the coin of Mantineia under No. 7, thus repeated three times The symbol represents the value of the Tritetartemorion. The The three still have the significance of such a value designation Grapes, the three grains of barley, the three half shields and the three crescents on the coins of Opus, Orohomenos, Thebes, Athens and several other cities, on their coins the same symbol appears three times. In other cases come in the field or around the main character one or more kettgelchen or other characters; if you take all of this into account examined with sufficient attention and with the balance of the If you compare coins, you will almost always find that it is... is related to the value. The countless coins Tarantos are a grateful field and they can offer the researcher provide a wealth of material for the present study; one might even think that the ones on the coins of The letters IIB and IIA that appear in Segesta have the value of the coin by using I as the first letter of a