Zeitschrift für Numismatik, vol. 1 — 1874

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The Aachen and Cologne coins of the Hobenstaufen emperors

and their opponents.

Uie highly interesting denarii of the Hohenstaufens I already have emperors from the Bheinian mint cities in the Berliner Blatten, Vol. HI, p. 41, discusses what the Mei- Difference of opinions asked me what to do about the Denarii of Friedrich I. and U. between Mader and Grote exist Because while Mader (Crit. Beit. I, p. 87) believes that Frederick II. There aren't many German coins, at least some like them from the period 1220 to 1235, with his son Heinrich will be designated by names, says Grote (Bl. f. Münzk. m, p. 269) by having one in the Elbe region (Magdeburg? Lübeck?) minted thin denarius describes the reverse sentence, that all previously known Frederick denarii are from the second of this Name that the denarius in question was solely from Barbarossa. That Both views are too close to the truth and each of them the emperors on a good part of the Aachen and Cologne denarii has a right, that's what I said in the essay above. shows, and based on the chronologically determined Cologne Episcopal coins and other analogies suggest a division taken, which should not give rise to any concerns. Sir Dr. Grote, by giving me his consent to the presented points of view made me want to continue this work cheered up, and at the end with grateful obliging-

70 ^' Dannenberg

ness imprints highly valuable to Inedita of his rich collection put up for bid. I didn't succeed either, otherwise To create material, it becomes important Apologies for these addenda if I return so soon come back to the subject, and without an actual one Repetition of what was said earlier is now a complete one List of relevant stamps.

I. Aachen.

Frederick I (1152-90, emperor since 1155).

1. ReXFRIC-6RICVS the enthroned emperor with sword and Imperial orb. R/. »{«ROMS CSPVT MVNDI church with thick round tower.

Cappe K. M. I Plate XVI, 256.

2. FReDeRI-IMPR similar, but over the left shoulder star.

Mader. I No. 51, Cappe K. M. I Plate XI, 175.

3. R6X FRIC. . . . the enthroned emperor with sword and imperial apple. R/. POMS (caput m)VNDI three towers over a wall, a cross in its portal. Obol (Grote). Plate II No. 1.

4. Similar denarius, but without the cross in the portal and with EPEDERI-CIMPRn Bf. POMn CKPVT MVNDI.

Berl. BL m plate XXV, 1.

5. FREDERI-CIMPRA^ the enthroned emperor, the sword up the Schoofse, in the left the imperial orb, next to his left shoulder one star, i^POMX CXPVT MVND-I three Towers on a colonnade.

Berl. Sheet m plate XXV, 2.

6. FRI03R3VI0RRA/G the emperor with halberd and imperial orb, sitting on a lion chair. /{/: (POOX) 3AV6rOVNDI four- towered church with a star above it.

Berl. Sheet HI plate XXV 3, similar Mader. I, 50,

Aachen and Cologne M. d. Hobenstaufen. 71

Quite as barbaric^ as they appeared at first glance^ the inscriptions on this coin are nothing, you just have to read the changes of the round Ol with 0, the P with 6, the P with T admit, we then have: FRID6RCV l(n?RA/0 and ROMIi: ClCPVT mVNDI.

Henry VI 1190-97.

H6IN IVRXCTS the emperor with lance and orb;

sitting. Bf. »{«OnOOA (ut m) VNDI presentation as at the last one Coin (No. 6).

Cappe K. M. I Plate XVI, 260.

One might ask whether Cappe K. M. I Plate XVI, 273 to move here, the ice cream picture is in half figure shown, but the building has some resemblance to No. 6. However, the different size causes even more concern. think that this coin is safe from the ones mentioned above differs so noticeably from this only seven-year period of desire and we will therefore do better, you elsewhere, perhaps in to look for a home in Westphalia.

Philip 1198-1208.

1. *PKIPPV-3:REX- (or perhaps FILIPPV-SREX) the king enthroned, with halberd and scepter. i^ >i

Berl. Sheet HI plate XXV, 4.

2. Similar Obol, on whose H, S. but only ♦ — !SVREX

to recognize.

Berl. Sheet IE plate XXV, 5. With the highest rarity of these coins - because of this one Only the large, thin denarii of the Volperts come to kings. houses found - another circumstance is connected gives them value: namely the building, which is not at all the character of most of the other denarii - has it; not see a ecclesiastical building, but a secular one we have in front of us, probably the Imperial Palace. It comes in

72 ^' Dannenberg

Similar building not available again. Beach finally deserves tung the square 31, which appears here first, but then under Philip's next first successors Otto and Friedrich n appear. Otto IV 1198—1214 (18) Emperor since 1209.

1. OTTOII*RexeL the enthroned king, with sword and light- bard, lif. nOCliXIX ClVICn Church.

Cappe K. M. I Plate XI, 173. The Aquensis, as clear as it is, does not belong to Cappe understood reading. When he says that the electus is imperial coins only occur here, this is only correct if one restricts it to the earlier Middle Ages, because we have Frankfurt gold guilders, on which Albrecht II electus Bomanonun rex is called.

2. *nP (this letter a bit doubtful) VIS-KTVIS: the King enthroned with swearing beech and apple. H/l IJTQVIX* similar church, above it a star.

BerL sheet IH plate XXV, 9. The frequent repetition of the city name in the absence of the Kaisemamens is just as striking and peculiar as the presentation position of the emperor. One would almost believe that there is one in there Indication of Aachen's status as the coronation city be found. — Götz has a copy with meaningless transcriptions K.M. No. 406; Such confusing transliterations are in right now still very common at this time, and only disappear towards this point End of the Hohenstaufen period

3. RÄX'OT*... The enthroned king with scepter and confession apple. R/. IC (Be?). (Kar)OLVS crowned head of Charles the Elder Gr. with a scepter-holding hand.

Berl. Bl. IH Tat. XXV, 8. Nowhere does the head of the great emperor appear alone character, but, as we will see below, only in the portal of the cathedral or above it.

4. ReXOC-trtOIP, otherwise also /{/: (Givitas) nQVaaZIZ (back- common) church. —Berl. Sheet HI plate XXV, 6.

Aachen and Cologne M. d. Hohenstufen. 73

5. RQCXOC-üüOIP the emperor with scepter and imperial orb thro- nend. Bf, similar ones, also declining, and somewhat different embossed inscription. Four-towered church almost like Frederick I No. 6.

Berl. Sheet IH plate XXV, 7.

Frederick II, 1215-50, emperor since 1220.

1. *FReDeR-ICV9Re the emperor sitting on a lion chair with long scepter and imperial orb. J?/ HhSlENCTHS KKR- LHSM Church (Grote). Plate II No. 3.

2. *R -DGRIQ enthroned with sword and orb. R/l

*S2S(ncti Ka)ROLI over a building occupied by 2 towers The emperor appears half-bodied in the building with a scepter each hand (Grote). Plate II No. 2.

A poorer copy with perhaps corrupted inscriptions Cappe (K. M. EI No. 600 Plate V, 68) has tempted, not quite in Consistent with the illustration. . . XPFI - ... to read and the coins Therefore, he also admits that it is strange to attribute it to King Philip Enough, the image of the emperor on the patient's face is reversed, near the cutting edge gripped sword with the handle pointing upwards, instead of the Scepter (or perhaps cross staff) in the left hand. strange- However, this representation is good enough.

3. HbRGXFR'-DCRIS, the king as before, above his right Shoulder a star. Bf ^X^NCTHS K^ROLD whose crowned Bust portrait with scepter and imperial orb above a five-tower Building.

Becker 200 since. Mz. No. 76, similar to Mader IV, 50. Götz 349 and 443. Cappe K. M. I Plate IX, 141.

In Mader's case, in agreement with Cappe, the circumference is writing of the H. S. slightly different ReXFR-GDeCKS:, that of the Rf ♦SKNTMS KJTLUS, which makes the picture, as inmier with Mader, the impression of complete loyalty; So there is a variation. Götz brings the same denarius, only in two degrees Preservation of slightly different specimens under Friedrich I

74 H. Dannenberg

like F. II, a very convenient procedure, which he also uses at the following No. 9 observed.

4. HbRGXF'-6D. . The king sitting on a bow, with the Right hand the sword on the lap. Bf, 4

Becker No. 77, similar to Cappe K. M. IE plate IV, 48. Becker explains the bust on the R S. this one like that previous coin for that of the king's son Heinrich. That tolerates but it doesn't work well with the historical data. Because Heinrich is Born in 1210, that was when his father received the imperial crown (November 22, 1220) was only 10 years old and was already born in Elected king in April 1220, but not crowned until May 8, 1222. If we now add that, apparently, the image nis surrounded by a halo, we are probably destined Justifies, according to the transcription, the great one under Friedrich Barbarossa (1166), canonized emperor. Darnm Of course, you don't need these, as Becker and Cappe do Rather, they teach us to appropriate coins to the first Frederick pre-conceived character of his successors Henry VI, Philip and Otto that one first heard about this canonization for the Coins were not used.

5. ♦R6XIC'-. . . . The emperor sits on an arch with a scepter (cross staff) and imperial orb. Rf. %X2i:(NC)TI$S • KTCROLil three-towered church (K. Museum in Berlin).

Similar Mader I, 55 and Cappe K. M. I plate IX, 142. The denarius at Mader is well depicted, but the inscription is somewhat unclear, so Mader on the Ef. incorrect RIC instead of XIC. and on which Bf. Sanctus MAVricius reads, and the coin Magdeburg lays down what is particularly important in the peculiar education of more Several letters, especially the K, are to blame. Cappe has against his copy on which he reads RGXFR - much less

can be represented faithfully, and without a doubt the 3IANCtns has its Place swapped with the KTCrolus, the Sanctus must, as well

Aachen and Cologne M. d. Hohenstaufen. 75

almost always^ begin above the church. Of course we are at Cappe Used to worse.

6. «i

Cappe K. M. I plate IX, 143. This coin is only known through Cappe; he gives it Transcript of applicant 4

^«XnNCn Kn. Without a doubt, both are incorrect and how

usually read: Sanctus Karolus. This denarius has that the most perfect resemblance to one of the Archbishop of Cologne Engelbert I, 1216-1225 (Cap Cöln plate X, 169); quite the same Church building, the same shape of the low, elongated book stabs , especially the same 1$ and square X '*^) , so he can not from Barbarossa 1152-55, but only from the simultaneous one King Frederick n 1215 - 1220, and serves as essential for the correct determination of the rest, especially the no. 5, and those closely related to it No. 7 and 8, to which No. 9 with the same, rarer occurring title Caesar and the same font character Similarity of the architectural representation follows.

7. ♦FReDGRI-CMSCeS the emperor with a long scepter and Beichsapfel enthroned, i^ 4(X:n:NCTHX KISROLH^ Church.

Cappe K. M. H Plate XXV, 292.

8. Very similar, but unwritten quarter penny.

Götz 355. Due to the weight (6 As) and because of the lack of writing the coin is a quarter denarius, like those of the same time, There are many, especially in Cologne.

9. FR6-D6R-ICV-SC6 the enthroned emperor with scepter and Beichapple in a diamond formed from pearls, ^f. STCN TltS-KKR-LIfS church in the same pearl diamond shape.

Mader I, 52. Götz 350 and 449.

*) In Gappe's illustration the S does not appear clearly enough,

76 H. Dannenberg

Westlalian coins, namely Dortmund from the anti-kings Wilhelm and Eichard offer the same peculiarity the top of the square as a border for the coin image. This in conjunction with the character of the letters and the building, determines the time and refutes Mader, who here is a souvenir the Eanonization, i.e. from Barbarossa's time, is believed to have Aachen's right, with the exclusion of the Westphalian mints but is proven not only by the name of St. Charles, but also through the factory, because the Westphalian denarii At this time, as is well known, everyone suffers from the affliction of being too small, the transcriptions are only incompletely comprehensive, and therefore as described sliced looking plantains.

10. HhFRID-RI(I9 the emperor with a branch-shaped scepter or Palm tree and orb enthroned. Bf. ^^INPfflKlIÜOR three- towered building supported by a crowned statue.

Gr. Gave. I Suppl. TafVI, 67. Götz 348, more complete, but less true to style Cappe I Plate XI, 146. Reichel» coin Directory IV 3063-65: The coin is common, but hardly ever with such complete information. writings that, almost like the Westphalian Wewelmg- Hövem, the stamp was larger than the planchet. "Nevertheless is the factory is not the Westphalian one, and the representation of the applicant, seems to be related to nothing better than Charlemagne to be able to -, also according to the style, this coin and the following her relatives a middle link between the above- the and the Aachen denarii of Budolf, which at least in the The relatively small size of the coin plate still reminds us of this coin remember. Therefore, the usual, so far of course without concern The view put forward at the time of its founding that this coin was made in Aachen home, have the truth for yourself.

11. Similar Obol.

Berl. Sheet III Plate XXV, 12. Göte 355. Gr. Gave. I SuppL Plate VI, 69. Keichel IV, 3065.

12. FRI6-. . CVS the enthroned emperor with lily scepter and imperial

Aachener and Nobody M. d. Hohenstaufen. 77

apple JR/ (Imp) 6R2ET0R three-spired church, under each the side towers a lily.

Berl. BL HI Plate XXV, 11. Götz 400 and 401. Cappe I

Plate IX. 147 (inaccurate).

13. Similar half denarius, the inscriptions not legible. (Grote.) Plate II No. 4.

14. Hb*FRID-(ric9) the enthroned emperor, on his lap the sword, in d. L. the apple. I^/l (Impe) RTSüOR three Towers over an ornate arch.

Berl. Sheet HI plate XXV, 10. Mader IV, 49.

Mader believes this denarius was minted in or around Mainz. His However, Aachen's origins are more doubtful than that of No. 10 and 11, because the image of the great emperor is missing, is opposed an undeniable factory kinship. The same applies to No. 12 and 13.

William of Holland, 1247-50 (1256).

1. >i

Berl. Sheet IE plate XXV, 13. Cappe K. M. I plate XI, 179*).

2. Likewise, but with K3:R0-(19 re)X B/. WILL(elm9 r)ea.

Berl. Sheet IE plate XXV, 14. Götz 562. Gr. Gave. I Suppl.

Taf.Vra, 94. Mader (IV p. 99) makes a lot of use of the former denarius vain effort, because William was the English king, and that this coin has been struck for trade with this country impossible because it has a German, not an English, character. Den Charles II takes coin from Götz and Cappe for Charles IV. This is impossible again because the factory is exactly the same as the one in question. the end of Frederick II and the following of Richard Rudolf already changes significantly, and among the following Kaiser completely loses the denarius character and instead the penny

*) Cappe places the coin with King Richard; by talking to someone you know carelessness RIC instead of the clearly visible. . RID. . . reads.

78 B- Dannenberg

Character, in particular Charles IV Sterlinge have been worked. Köhne also has this (Reichel IV, 306T and 3068) recognized, and this coin was correctly placed under this King Wilhelm but only that Karol9 rex is misunderstood and Raru (for Boma- norum) rex read. The difficulty is solved by mine (Berl. Bl. in p. 48) made the assumption: when Wilhelm after a long time When the siege finally arrived in Aachen (1248), people wanted to move quickly Mint coins with his name and took them first old numerous existing reverse stamps of Friedrich, during the imperator of the applicants was replaced by Willelmus rex; at If you had to eat several times or after they were used up, you replaced them with newly cut stamps, which, in order to be as close as possible to the existing to make it convenient for those and acquaintances to use the name of the sacred honored Emperor Charles in place of the anti-emperor, without him to give the predicate sanctus, which is also on the above-described Benen denarius from Otto is missing Another explanation from Fridericus and Karolus rex on these two, closely related to time and place associated Wilhelm denarii would be difficult to give, because Wilhelm and Karl never have at the same time, Friedrich and But Wilhelm only lived as an opponent

Richard of Cornwall, 1257-69 (1272).

1. >i

BerL BL IH plate XXV, 15. Mader IV, 60. Götz 523.

Cappe K. M. I Plate XI, 180. Köhne, Zeitschr. Vol. m

p. 318. Complete copies with inscriptions RICH-^RD Bf, ROX RICHARD like Cappe, without a doubt, just from several examples plaren made would hardly want to exist. The transcriptions will read: HhRICHXRDQ Bf RICHnRD9 ROX, but will Reichel 3069 RICARD. . ROX if/ RICKRD' ROX read. Many- easy also belongs here:

2. >i

BerL BL m plate XXV, 16. Let's look back at the coin series described above,

Aachen and Cologne M. d. Hohenata baptisms. 79

80 we see the Aachen type in the following development progress: under Frederick I and his successors Henry VI nnd Philipp ROMA CAPVT MVNDi about the image of the city or the imperial palace or the cathedral, under Otto IV also the church, then KAROLVS REX with his head, under Friedrich 11 the similar inscription SANCTVS KAROLVS and the church, which his half-length portrait, once above, but more often below, shows Conclusions of his and the following governments of William and Richard appears in a half-length portrait of Karl, carrying the church, while his name disappears, and that of the emperor or His title gives way everywhere on the H. S. the Kaiser in full figure sitting on a throne or an arch, sometimes as supreme judge "*"), holding the sword on his lap, shown

n. Cologne.

Frederick I

1. TPIC^PIVOIPfflNö (i.e. FRID«RIVS-IPRAV6) the emperor sitting on a lion's chair, with halberd and orb, a star under his left. Rf. 6A COrONilC PiCiC MXT three-towered church, surrounded by a wall, in the open a star in the open gate.

Beri. Sheet m plate XXV, 17, Reichel IV, 2577. A church like this only appears under Archbishop Fried- Rich I (1101 - 31) first subsumed the Sancta Colonia pacis mater Arnold 11 (1150 - 56), after that we probably have to put this denarius in Barbarossa's first time embarrassed. He's in the H.S. with his above under no. 6 described Aachen Pfennig extremely similar.

2.FD. . . RICV. . I the Emperor sitting, with imperial orb and palm branch. Bf. Cn COrONin PniC MnT Church as before.

Merie p. 17 no. 1.

*) Mader IV p. 98 a. E. Becker 200 since. Mz. No. 77.

GO H. Dannenberg

3. Obol of the same mint with FPiOII-. . VOID B/. &i COLONIX

pasic mn.

Mader IV, 51, similar to Götz 446.

4. Yiertelpfennig of the same type, but without inscription.

Berl. Sheet ÜI plate XXVIO, 3.

5. FRP-MJST'-PVTC (i.e. FRID-MPAT-AV) the Kaiser with Flag and apple sitting on a bow, i^ €A COrONIA PTCIC MiSPI three-towered church with arcades.

Berl. Bl. lU plate XXVHI, 1, similar to Cappe K. M. m Plate IV, 47.

6. Similar, but with FV:aCIF-. ...TH B/. ^R COrmNIS PS

■ ■ ■ • I AK*

The indistinct inscription of the H. S. is found through the above handing coin their explanation.

7. FPI0P(6?)-mCVolP the seated emperor with cross staff and Eagles (or hawks?). I^. CR COrONin P^IC MSI third- church on three arches, each with a cross.

Berl. BL IH plate XXVIH, 2. Göte 352. These coins no. 5 - 7 are provided by the church buildingC; that in this form only with the bishops Arnold II, Frederick II and Keinald (1150 - 67) occur under Philip (1167 - 91) but makes room for a significantly different one, at Bar- barossa, also hence the one above under Aachen No. 6 be- written denarius, which in turn returns the others close to him It helps to determine the application times for the same time. Same Church buildings also bear the following coins, which we Therefore, despite not being addressed at all or only through senseless transcription, given Kaisemamens of the same time.

8. P3NT2SH-6ISA0 the seated emperor with long scepter and hatchet (?). ly. &R COrONIA PKIC MAI the three-towered church with 5 open bows, just like on No. 5 and 6.

Cappe K. M. I Plate X, 152, Cologne IV, 67. What is interesting about this coin is the object Emperor holds in his left hand; a chair for which Cappe (Cologne No. 177)

Aachen and Cologne M. d. Hohenstaufen. Q\

in agreement with Wallraf (Merle p. 48) and Zepernik (Sedisvacancy coins p. 24) as a sign of a sedisvacancy to him looks, it's definitely not him. Grote (Mtinzstud. III p. 246 and numis- mat Anzeiger 1872 p. 69) explains it for a hatchet, which perhaps like the spear and rose branch, a symbol of jurisdiction be. According to the shape, the first thing you want here is a bricklayer's recognize trowel; However, I don't dare say that this is correct to insure, but it wouldn't be as adventurous as it is at first glance it seems, because on another denarius, which is in The time and area are close to this, we see the emperor with him a gavel and a bishop from Halberstadt at the same time a compass in his hand (Stenzel, Br. Fund v. Freckleben No. 50).

Cappe's transcriptions are above based on Grote. improves. 9. POGKHIo-ni/ITIV the seated emperor with palm branches and

Scepter. R/. 6A COfONIA PAICIA same church. Götz 445.

Also worth mentioning are: 10. 'FTED. . . HIDoM. . . crowned bust. R/, (Imago) &COL . .

. . . three-towered church.

Cappe K. M. I Taf IX, 140.

11. Similar character, but .... RIC6AM . . i2/ . . . ONAI

Cappe K. M. I plate XXI, 350.

12. Likewise, but *FT IC6AIFC R/. . . 2S60SC0L0NIA.

Götz 596.

13. Likewise, but 4

Groschen -Gab. Subject X Plate I, 10. These coins are called Cologne after the transcription Imago S. Co- lonie, which is located next to exactly the same building on a denarius of Archbishop Friedrich I (1101 - 31). But whether they from Barbarossa, indeed imperial at all, is because of the inscriptions the ^/l, which, given such great differences, seems to make sense going on, but very doubtful. She has her cap free- accepted without any reservations under Emperor Friedrich I,

6

g2 H. Dannenberg

the author of the Groschen - Gabinets, on the other hand, placed them under the ore- ranked episcopal, which is No. 12 almost seems to justify it Even if she sees the ice cream picture at best, by no means out of necessity. quality, describe them as imperial stamps, but that is what they are themselves Probably too old for Barbarossa's first years, as he was already archbishop Arnold II (1150 - 56) no longer has himself in the image, but can only be depicted in full figure and sitting position. And at the striking similarity of our coins to that of the more Commemorated Archbishop Friedrich I (Cap Köhi plate VIII, 127) We must unquestionably deny it to Emperor Frederick.

Some coins still remain without a legible name Mint, but definitely from the Cologne Cha- raker, namely: 13 DPIC. ... the emperor with lily scepter and oak apple

sitting on an arch. Bf. ITP-RVCiR three-towered

Buildings in a wall. (Half denarius.) Götz 447. Cappe K. M. I Plate IX, 144. 14 4^THIIVICArO^ the enthroned emperor with lily scepter and

Imperial orb. Ä/ onTVPEPINTlirV building as before, with

a star above the gate.

Cappe K. M. I plate XIX, 313 cf. H plate XXIV, 276.

On no. 13, the name Friedrich seems recognizable, although Cappe's clear FR6DERI-IM. .TOR proves to be heavily restored should prove. Also No. 14 you will not be mistaken, in cash barossa can give that the building is consistent and whole is the same as on the rare denarius of Archbishop Philip (Gr. Cab. X Plate II, 18), which one has every reason to be the first Time to attribute, while the so frequent with completely changed Buildings and other written characters (Cap Cologne IX, 146 - 149) belong to his later years.

Why No. 14 Settling Henry VI leaves Cappe ner- argues that this would be all the more likely if that were really the case A very similar copy (K. M. 11 Pl. XXIV, 276) has the inscription 4

Aachen and Cologne M. d. Hohen8<;aufen. 33

But the image cannot be seen. We are dealing with pointless ones To do transcriptions, as well as a comparison of the transcriptions both copies among themselves and with Gr. Gave. I Suppl. Plate Vn darthut. The Rhineland has similar meaningless transliterations Many were delivered during the Hohenstaufen period.

Henry VI 1190-97, emperor since 1191.

1 -CVIoRGX the emperor with apple and branch-like

Scepter, sitting on an arch. Rf. (6)ACOrON(IAP)mCIIA Three-towered church over a wall with five arches. Cappe K. M. I Plate XVI, 259. Although the letters CVI do not allow one to guess whether HEIN or FRID preceded and the relevant part of the coin is broken off, Cappe very naively notes that from the surroundings Henry rather than Friedrich can be read from the writing. Many- but he unconsciously made the right choice, because for cash Barossa's royal period (1152 - 55) wants the coin to be a bit young appear. How to cap this coin with Götz 445 (see above No. 9) was able to identify is also incomprehensible; if Also related, both coins are by no means the same, and Götz is infinitely more careful and precise than Cappe does not turn an orb into a palm branch, and one Don't bow into a lion's chair, arts that are familiar to Cappe. Cappe (K. M. HI No. 568) also writes one to our Heinrich Denar H6INRICVS RGX B/ S:n:NCTn COLO... (Chautard, type esterlin XXVIH, 6), who Grote because of his in Westphalia naturalized English character more correctly according to Lippe (Bernhard HI 1229 - 65), which is also what the G^br. Erbstein in Schell Hass' catalogs (No. 967).

It appears that Henry VI was in the first year of his reign (1190) was published, henceforth not in the Cologne diocese. "To coin coins differently than in Dortmund and Duisburg"^), too but that his successor deviated from it, show the following two denarii.

*) Nnmismat. time. 1843 p. 121, also HirBch R. Münzarchiv I p. 8.

6*

g4 H. Dannenberg

Philip of Swabia, 1198-1208.

1. R6X FIL-IP... the seated emperor with scepter and imperial apple. Bf. ^%WkZVR COLOKR Church with two flags next to it the tower (Grote). Plate II No. 5.

2. Similar, but ReXI -(L?) IPVS Rf. *STSiHCnt C0L0Min(6rote). Plate II No. 6.

Cappe does not describe both denarii quite adequately (K. M. m No. 915 and 916) after Abel: Philip the Hohenstanfe. P. 378. They most closely resemble the denarii of the contemporary ore Bishop Adolf (1193-1205). The rarity of this coins Kaiser's is known, one knows at all, apart from his semi-circle, which has become more common due to the discovery of Volpertshausen bracteate-like enarenes and its two above-mentioned Aachen coins only had two bracteates*) from him. With him the minting of imperial coins in* Cologne seems to have started. listen, but there are still a few coins left for us to look at in his successor's time.

Otto IV, 1198-1218, emperor since 1209.

1. OTTO * INPRXTOR crowned bust with scepter in the Right. Rf. ^TRHClTt COLOI twin crosshairs with ball cross in the corners.

Becker No. 65. Cappe K. M. II Plate XXV, 281 and 282. Cologne IV, 70 and 71.

2. Similar half-denarius.

Götz 433.

3rd quarter -denarius of the same mint; but R/l •/ NTiSMCTiCC. (In my collection.) Plate II No. 7.

Despite the clear inscriptions, these coins are heavy in Cologne, but rather in Westphalia, where she went Type refers, in all probability to There-

*) The inscription on thorn bracteates (Cappe II Plate VII, 60) has Cappe fantasized into it, it has no inscription, the lines on the edge have Cappe for letters taken. I personally owned Cappe's copy and now sit a clearer one.

Aachen and Cologne M. d. Hohenstaofen. g5

rnnnd^ because from there we have denarii, the one above except for the legend TR6(K0Nin ReOITC is the same in every respect (Cap K. M. II Plate XXV, 283 and 284). What is extremely remarkable is that gens no. 3 as a quarter - denarius with inscriptions.

The following coins belong to approximately the same number:

4. VCIPXd-LLff (or LMO) the enthroned emperor with flag and orb. B/. ^^SSiNCTSS COLOMI twin crosshairs with spherical crosses in the corners. Half denarius (0.6 gr.).

Berl. Sheet HI plate XXVIH, 5. The pennies of the English kings Henry 11 and III have In Germany, namely in Westphalia, numerous reprints caused, but, as far as we know, not before the time of Otto IV The beginning was made with the Cologne-Dortmund residents seems to have (see Münzstud. IV p. 73 and Chautard, type esterlin Plate XXI - XXX). After that we can use the above Obol, even if only the back side is in English^ and the back side fttgUch could seem older, not above Otto's IV time- put. The same applies to the following denarii:

5. n. . - . . C the emperor with flag and imperial orb on one Seated lion chairs. Rf. HhBINCTA COLONE, same company emboss.

Cap Cologne Plate IX, 139. Cappe reads XRN-SPC on this coin and puts it on it- without any objection to Arnold II (1150 - 56). But then that would be it English cross fypus appeared in Germany, and - what but quite unbelievable - only after fifty years of oblivion under Otto IV with the English head of Henry again called to life. Nevertheless, despite all the concerns, that would have to be the case admit, the inscription JTRN-GPC would be guaranteed. To Cappe's everywhere demonstrated carelessness in reading and restoring But there can be no question of extinct inscriptions, and the tinfoil print of Cappe's copy that I have This coin only shows the first and last letter, so SS and C clearly, while the second one seems to be more of an L

gg H. Dannenberg.

Bcbeint; the third but completely blurred is to find support These doubts are attested by the following denarius:

6. of the same character, but with >i<2kDLF'V-2KCHIC Bf. HE

The inscription on the H. S. probably means Adolfus archie, also Archbishop Adolf v: Cologne (1193-1205), the Keinaud on Cant (d. h. Ganterbury) has analogies with Henri on Lund and Benaad on Lund on Lippe and Münster sterling.

7. >ii

Berl. Bl HI plate XXVÜI, 4 On the same copies Gappe has FREillG-CEnSIICI read (K. M. II Plate XXIV, 275) and therefore this alleged Friderict's Cesar Aug. recorded among Barbarossa's coins. It would be strange enough that this church, which, exactly that King Philip and Archbishop Adolf, would appear so early, where the so ordinary coins of Archbishop Philip are a whole bear a different building, but, as noted, the inscription Around the picture of the seated emperor (?) is only one of the most common Figen Cappe's fantasy pieces, and the coin belongs to King Philip's or Otto's time

H. Dannenberg.

Miscellaneous.

Unedited Aareas of Numeriana. Near Platkow in near 6usoW; east of Berlin ^ on the edge of the Oder An aureus of Numerianus was recently found, in a sandy field, where there were also urns and a “flint” Hammer" were unearthed. Whether the gold coin with these Germanic antiquity is related to what to know would be important cannot be deduced from the finder's report. take. A copper coin of the Victory was recently minted near Göpenick. torinus found together with Germanic antiquities. Finds Roman coins are not that rare in these areas.

The Aureus has on the Vf. IMP C M AVK NVMERIANVS NOB G around the laurel wreathed head turned to the right Numerianus. The titles Emperor and Gaesar prove that Coin belongs to the year 283 or the beginning of the following, in which Numerianus became Augustus. The downside, which is unedited, GONSEBVATor AVGGG has turned the left-hand the radiant Sol, who raises his right hand and in the Left the globe. The section says SMA (since« is M not clear) Sacra Moneta Antiochena or another with A beginning city name. The three Gs in AVGGG mean well-known Lich three emperors, here the father: Garus Augustus, and the sons Carinus and Numerianus, both only Caesares, but still in that higher titles included. By the way, this downside can be found nor on the gold coins of Garus or Garinus.

J. Friedlaender.

gg literature.

Incised inscription. A side piece to that of Fried- Countries used to publish coins in the Berlin papers Scotnssa with the inscribed inscription AEINIZ KAAA (in the Ber- liner Müsemn) I saw last year in Bom at the coin dealer Depoletti. It was a didrachm from Terina with ordinary Tyi>en, on the Rf, next to the Nike was with large, The inscription KAAA is carved in good Bach letters. Unfortunately that was it Stttck not to have, because according to the usual extremely contradictory foreign manner of almost all coin dealers in Italy, including those outside lent the most magnificent, the so-called collection should only be limited be sold. ^y 3^

Literature.

Berlin sheets for coins, seals and heraldry. VI, 2nd issue. Berlin, Weber. Belly, unedited Greek coins. From his famous now around 10,000 Greek coins emerged Rauch publishes interesting unedited collections here Ice coins from the cities of Anchialus, Bizya, Thasus, Amisns, Nysa, Cos, Tityassus, Philadelphia, Peltae (an autonomous coin of the imperial time with the head of Demos, the head of Alexander with lion skin is shown), Ancyra, Gastabala, Hieropolis and Ascalon. — Push ring, the coins of Gela. The author, a founding expert connoisseur of Sicilian culture, gives a careful, study containing particularly precise weight information the coins of Gela. From a practical numismatic point of view I would like to allow myself a few additions and doubts: p. 135: the Form E is probably not a sigma form, but just a somewhat rounded unusual Z. The claim that Agrigento used to be I didn't mint any coins when Syracuse, I think, was incorrect

Literature. g9

Agrigento reaches the age of the known Syraknsan Tetra- drachmas with the head in the qnadratmn incusnm. The assumption that one before or immediately after 460 y. BC gold and copper coins minted (p. 136 and 138) must be decisively disputed the. I also believe that d.yf. most silver coins too firtlh In the Sosipolis (p. 142 f.) I would rather like Imhoof Recognize Nike as the heel phone. On the rare occasion that I see in the original Originally present tetradrachm with the crown of the river god - . The wingless Nike seems safe and very similar to the Sosipolis the one on the coins of Terina. The interpretation of the flying Adler's (p. 148) reference to the death of Aeschylus is completely impossible. Actually, it is not at all within the scope of Greek art, individual, peaceful and literary events to celebrate their official monuments. Also those from Holm interpretation of the side fight based on the rare Didrach men from Gela (Imhoof and in Berlin) on the Athenian war is completely doubtful, even if these didrachms are roughly in the time immediately during the Peloponnesian War. In Schubring's article and in almost all numismatic works is the name of three horse-drawn vehicles several times; I think they are inmier and on all coins four-horse teams, the fourth horse is only in accordance with the simplicity and less development of the old ones Art not shown and as being behind one horse Also the so-called two-horse carriages on old Tetra- Drachmas from Gela, Syracns etc. are probably very ancient quadriforms shown. The controversial question whether PEAAZ nominative of the river god or genitive of the city name, there is more to it in front of the forum of epigraphists and philologists. I'm frightened the assumption of a nominative is very daring. — Dannenberg, the Plonsk Mint (first article). One on the right Vistula bank in the Plock Governorate, not far from the town of Plonsk made discovery of Bohemian, Hungarian and German coins, buried around the middle of the eleventh century.

A.V.S.

90 literature.

Gatalogüe des mailles Bomaines composant la collection de fea M. le Marquis de Moustier redig6 soas la direction de M.H. Hoffinann. Paris 1872. The auction catalog of the important the collection of the deceased former envoy in Berlin, like all the catalogs published by Mr. Hoffinann good illustrations drawn by Dardel and - misprints - calculated - distinguished by the precision of the description The collection contains over 4000 numbers, including rarities of the first rank at the imperial ceremony and under the emperors Greek masks. This has some cargo items in the collection Berlin Museum acquired the aureus of Brutus with two heads and a Pacatianus. The rare gold coin of Antonius with CHORTIVM PRAETORIARVM is by Hm. v. Acquired smoke been. — No. 226 Corinth is Galignla; like all the masks of the Vipsanius Agrippa. No. 1312 Alexandria, Sabina, bears the date LIZ, not LZ, like one sent to me by Hm. Hoffinann Imprint proves A v S

F. (röhner); W., Catalog de m6dailles du Bosphore Gim- m^rien formant la collection de M. Jules LfCnmiä k Odessa. Paris 1872. (Hoffinann). This is the only special collection of its kind contains excellent and complete series of the coins of Panticapaeum and Olbia^ including two gold staters from Panti- eapaeum and a gold stater from Olbia; Heraclea (probably not here- according to her), Phanagoria, Sindi, Dioscurias, Colchis, Istrus, the strange silver coins with EMINAKO that I mentioned above and an excellent succession of Bosporan kings, including gold Staters of Mithradate VI. and Asander. Some new allocations, like alopecia (this mask, in the factory more like the Greek one) to refer to the peninsula is also under the un- voices of the Berlin Museum), Paus . . ., Arrichi and Thynias — these refer to the latter according to the well-known manuscripts APIXO, APIX and OY on coins and dolphin-shaped stamps — are most daring; the two last-mentioned Mttnz genres are

Literature. 91

surely listen to Olbia. The coins with ArPinREAN and KAIZAPEAN are given to Dioscnrias, during the inscriptions found on the site of ancient Phanagoria (see Friedlaender, Nmn. Zeitschr., Vienna, 1871) it seems likely- ^ lent the coins to Phanagoria and not to Dioscurias, which is far away from where the inscriptions were found hear. The Ef. As is well known, these coins represent the head of the Livia, the applicant has one next to the inscription APPinriEAN Prora, next to the inscription KAIZAPEAN a scepter: perhaps in relation to Agrippa's naval victories as well as to the ruler Augustus. No. 194, which I saw here, is probably just Eubio- tus, Mus. Kotch. I, 54 No. 14. Ef. Wreath and branch. One of the The most beautiful pieces in the collection, which I present here thanks to their quality Mr. Lemm6 was able to look closely at it, now owns the royal. Museum in Berlin: the magnificently preserved and well-crafted one Silver coin from Panticapaeum with Pan's head from vom, Bf. HAN and bull's head. The coin with EMINAKO has the Paris Mint cabinet, the gold stater from Asander Dr. Lnhoof acquired.

A.V.S. Lambros, Paul, avixdoTa pofAUffkata xanivta h Hiqav x.t.X. Athens 1872. 15 p. An interesting essay by Mr. Paul Lambros, which we have already made several excellent contributions to ancient and middle ancient numismatics of Greece, about which the Genoese coins minted in Pera. There are two previously unknown knew Zecchines from Filippo Maria Visconti (1421 - 1436) and To- maso Fregoso (1436 - 1443), by the letter P (like S, Sii d. i. Chii, where the Genoese minted from 1415 to 1461), certainly than in Pera!

beaten called Es, are imitations of the Venetian!

Type, only with the difference that the saint here is not Marcus,

but once it is Peter, and another time it is Laurentius.

A.V.S.

I

Postolakas, A., xatdlo^rog t&v ägxccUop voiAHffAdrmp x. t, X > i

wv ^AS^jp^my idvtxov vofAUffkanxov fiovtfaio'v x, t. X. Athens 1872. !

Vol. I. The careful catalog of the coin collection at Athens

92 Literature.

extends to the end of Macedonia and contains 1669 names, including many excellent, rare and edited pieces. This Plant is well equipped; four panels contain monograms, the fifth illustrations. I only benefit from the rich content Rarities stand out such as the gold stater from Fanticapaeum (No. 726), the tetradrachm of the second province of Macedonia (also in Berlin Museum) and the famous ones, only in a few copies well-known stater of T. Quinctius Flamininus with his head and T. QVINCTI and the Nike (Älexanderfypus) on the /?/I The one depicted on Plate V (No. 988) is particularly charming Copper coin from Pautalia, Domna; on the farm is the lying one River god Stiymon and three genii depicted, representing the three Gifts of the river: grapes, silver and ears of corn, sammehi mid bear the explanatory labels BOTPY, APHTPO, CTAXY. — I think that Mr. Dr. P.'s attempts, the Arrange coins from Syracuse chronologically. The Electronmtin Zen with the head of Apollo and tripod or lyre do not belong Dio's time, 356 - 353 BC. C, but are later, probably from Aem third century The decadrachms are not in time of decline, 317 - 289 under Agathocles, but almost a hundred Minted years earlier The later gopies of the decadrachms, the tetradrachms with the triquetmm above the quadriga, heard in Agathocles' time, but not their originals.

A.V.S.

Link to the Weidmann bookstore (J. Reimer) in Berlin.

Buehdniekerei tod GustaT Sehade (Otto Franeke). B^rito, Ml riwiif . Ml

Posts

to

Coinage and geography of ancient Greece and Asia Minor.

L METHYDRION IN THESSALIA.

M4y^. Gr. 5.81. — Front part of a free one jumping to the left

horse.

^/l ME0V. Wheat grain with its husks. Deepened

square.

My collection. Shown plate III. No. 1.

About the determination of the area to which this mine No one can know who owes their minting to a single coin Differences of opinion arise. As a drachma of the Aeginaean system, it joins the series of older Thessalian systems. schen city coins ^ with some of them not only often precocious type of half horse, but also that has a rare image of the downside in common. As far as their inscription is concerned, so it could also be read 0VME as ME0V. For the former reading, however, it seems to me that there is no addition to this Word possible, while in ME0V you can use that of Philoxenos*) mentioned th essaiische M&dvÖQtov finds again, a city,

^) At StephanoB Byz. — Of the Arcadian methydrion there is only a copper coin of the Achaean League is known (Num. Ghron. 1866, p. 34, and Annali deU' Inst. 1866, No. 22). This town of Millingen (Recueil PL 111.8 =: Miounet, Suppl. IV. 28d,63) is an autonomous coin attributed to messianic.

7

94 F-Imhoof-Blumer.

which, even more than Damastion ^\ of all modern topographers of ancient Hellas remained completely ignored.

The former location of the city of Methydrion will hardly change ever be fixed with certainty. The similarity of the Spleen types of Pherai, Skotussa and Methydrion are entitled to which leads to the conclusion that these cities are not far from were each other, which was already con- is static; for the appointment of the third near Skotossa The following conject number can provide guidance. I hold it namely, it is very likely that, according to Leake's*), Pape's') and Postolacca's^) view that Iresiae of Livy (XXXII, 13) incorrectly stands for Pirasiae, according to the handwritten Euhydrium from the same Roman historian a prescription iUr methydrion is. Since furthermore from Livy, 1st c. results, that the city he named Euhydrium was on the way from Trikka to Pherai, probably between Peirasiai and Eretria - a little west of Scotussa - lay'), so these must Information for methydrion applies as soon as it is approved by the Numis- matically guaranteed name to replace the certainly uncertain euhy- drion^s is set. In this case methydrion seems to be the Thessaliotis appears to have belonged, while Scotussa and Pherai in the adjacent southernmost part of the Pelasgiotis.

As the minting period of our coin, this can be done without any concerns y. century B.C. Be accepted. Font and style of the Drachmas are somewhat older than those of the very similar drachma men Skotussa's with also deepened impact, their emission certainly before the year 371, i.e. h. before the depopulation of Scotussa by the treacherous Alexander of Pherai.

On the usual Thessalian coin type d^s horse

') Compare the following essay: II. Pelagia, Damastion, Samoa.

*) Travels in Northern Oreece, IV, 493.

*) Pape and Benseler, Greek. Proper names, p. 1156, Ungtciai.

«) Annali deU' Inst. 1866, p. 331, mt^etai.

») Compare Kiepert, New Atlas of Hellas, 1872, plate VII.

Contributions to education etc. 95

not going into more detail^ , there is still a lot left about the image of the sweeping side to say. The same is taken from the plant kingdom, nnd, as already mentioned, through the coins of Pherai and Scotussa already known. Eckhel (Num. vet. anecd. pag. 84, tab. VI, 10), Mionnet (Descr. 11. 1, 1 and 24, 169), and Cavedoni (Spicilegio p. 56) simply call it a plant. Sestini (Lettere num. contin. n., p. 29), and after him Mionnet (Suppl. III, 517, 83-86), and Ign. y. Streber (Glesch. of the coin cabinet in 'Munich, 2nd continuation. p. 57) thought it was a grain of barley. Leake (Num. Hell. Eur. 6r. p. 89 and 94 and Suppl. p. 140) describes it as bud, calyx or pericarpium of some plant; Carelli (Brönsted, Travel, II, p. 310) wanted to recognize an artichoke in it, Bröndsted, 1st c. and following him L. Müller (Cat. Thorwaldsen No. 433) a wheat - körn with his Hüläe, and finally Duchalais (Revue num. 1863, p. 255-276, pl. XIV) a flower bud of the sneeze root (Helleborus). Of these various explanations only the latter has been discussed and justified in detail, in a way that is almost too difficult to contradict might seem daring. Because on p. 262 z. B. expresses himself Duchalais expressed it in the following unequivocal words: “Sestini pre- nait le bouton d'elMbore pour un grain de blä ou d'orge enferm6 in the envelope. Use the ref and share interpretation, Puisque sans avoir la moindre notion de botanique, chacun recon- If the button of the button is grav6 it is not open to the mother, logie avec le spates, qui protigent les s6mences de Forge, you bl6- de Tavoine, de toutes les gramin^es en un mof And p. 276 he concludes with the innermost conviction •' “Si d'ailleurs nous nous sommes tromp^s, nous avons la conviction intime de nou- gtre plus approach6 de la v6rit6 que ceux qui nous ont pr6cädä, en d6truisant la ridicule opinion 6mise par Sestini, And depuis rä- p6t6e par tant d^autres, opinion qui consistait ä voir lä un 6pi ens velopp6 in ses spates ou stipules!^

Despite the lack of confidence in the...

the words quoted, no one will come into the case,

7*

96 F* Imlioof - Blumer.

any similarity between the image of the coin and to find out a hellebore flower. The motto of methydrion but, which is distinguished by its excellent preservation, the size of the Representation and its careful execution of the previously used Pherai's public coins are very special suitable for Duchalais' own claims "ridicule" with which he agrees with Sestini's view geissein thought. When Duchalais defends his chimerical Greek opinion used the words: “Fart des Grecs est si parfait et si vrai a la fois, qu'il rend impossible la confiision"; so I allow myself to use this testimony in order to to show the opposite of what Duchalais tried to prove had undertaken. Because a more accurate gopie of a wheat grain, as that which gives us the drachma of methydrion can hardly be imagined. On the other hand swollen base of the spikelet you can see the two, theirs Ribbed calyxes rise along the entire length, between from which three cornflowers protrude, and these last are again therefore depicted so realistically that their awnless husks externally appear smooth, and their tips only the ribs Show. The one minted on the coins of Pherai looks almost exactly the same fruit, while that of the drachmas of Scotussa is thicker and shows more domed seeds, without any hint of the ribs of their husks.')

It is therefore undeniably certain that the one discussed Coin type is an ear of awnless winter wheat

I) See plate III. No. 9 and 10. - don't believe that Ar is the ver- diversity of forms that present us in the Dantellong of the plant image on the coins of Scotussa and of Methydrion and Pherai, another explanation is permissible; the barley grains of the Leontine Coins are not cut according to a template. It is striking that Duchalais included the coin image of Scotussa in his work omitted: apparently he was afraid to confront the same thing about his Helleborus bifithe. set up.

Contribution to Mftnsknnde etc. 97

presents the predominant type of grain in Thessaly both in the rest of Greece and still today in the highlands of Thessaly^). Like the Boeotian Orchomenus boasted of his wealth of grain by the most germinating wheat seed on his coins'), like this Thessalian cities also interpreted the fruit blessing of their area This means that they use a similar type for their coinage Wheat spikes with their husks, chose. As a counter- The brand also features this image on copper coins of the Middle Ages Opus located in Thessaly and Boeotia, e.g. B. in my collection on a copy of L. Müller in the Cat. Thorwaldsen, pL I, 348 published coin.

I hope to have a new contribution to the coin industry in the near future. to be able to deliver to the customer of Thessaly, which is what the following relates to Images of Thessalian coins not discussed here Taf. in. should refer to: Krannon RV. M 2nd size 0.85. — AM bull's head with neck, turned to the left turns and the head seen from the neck over the neck Looking down on the animal you can see the curved one, the one on the left Hom grasping, clinging arm of a bullfighter, whose head is on the coin due to damage is broken.

Hf. A5))l. Bridled horse's head with neck, facing left; recessed square. — My collection.

^) Lenz, Botany of the Ancient Greeks and Romans, Gotha 1859, p. 249 and 250. See 0. Herr, The Plants of the Pile Dwellings, Zurich 1866, with illustrations. From this interesting treatise it can also be seen how untrue Dnchalais' further claim, p. 263, is that “sur les monnaies de L6on- tion on voit les grains de blö privös de leur enveloppe". On almost all of them Tetradrachms of this city are the narrow glumes of barley grains stated clearly and with great natural truth. That's how they show them too Illustrations No. 7 and 13 on Heer's plate and Nos. 2 and 3 on our plate III., which Leontine coins are taken from my collection.

*) Imhoof, on finance and palaeography of Boeotia, 1872, p.40ff.

9g / F. Imlioof-Blümer,

Perrhaibia: V. JR 2nd Gr. 0.83. — Horse with line hanging behind, left- jumping there.

P.E

Rf. As. Pallas^ helmeted, with spear and shield, facing right I rushing; slightly recessed square. — M.S.

Pharkadon:

^VI. M2. Gr. 0.82. . — Free horse striding to the right.

4>AP R/. A AN* ^^^^^> ™* ®**^^ excellent Aegis, right-

standing and putting his right hand on his hip. The left rests on the ones that lie crookedly against the figure Spear and shield. Slightly recessed square. — M.S. Vn. M 2nd Gr. 0.80. — Free horse striding to the right.

Rf. cDAP-KAAO-NION. Pallas, without aegis, to the left standing, the raised right supported on the spear Left on hip. Behind the goddess, her shield, leaning against a tree (?). Slightly recessed square, — M.S. VHL iE 3rd Gr. 2.40. — Grazing or drinking horse, to the right. ^f. cDAPK-AAO. crescent moon. Pherai: IX. M 2%. Gr. 2, — (subaerat). — front part of a free horse, rising from a rock to the right.

Rf. (DE -TA. Weizenkom with its glumes. Ver- deep square. — M.S. X. ^1. Gr. 0.92. — Bridled horse's head with neck, to the right. lif 4>E-0A, and club, in a deep square. — Coin Cabinet Vienna. Scotussa: XL M4. Gr. 5.86. — Front part of a free, left-jumping rending horse; including \A.

Officer CKO. Wheat com with its glumes. Deepened square. — M.S.

1

Contributions Eur Mtünskunde etc. 99

IL PELAGIA, DAMASTION, SAKNOA.

Hiena the map Valley V.

In the unprinted text of my “Choix de monnaies grecqaes^ ^) is the coin of. described below accompanied by the following introductory remark:

1.M2. Gr. 2.15. — Laurel-wreathed head of Apollo to the right. /?/: TEA-On. Tripod. Shown plate IE. No. 12.

“This piece whose stamps are more ornately cut than those of most of Damastion's coins, bears an inscription writing, which Sestini') had already done on larger but very crude minted coins without ever producing a new one To have recognized place names in it. He didn't believe anything else as barbaric replicas of Damascus money see, and therefore titles the entire series as “numi Damasti” norum barbari^, regardless of the fact that not a single one there is some remote resemblance to the inscriptions in question shares with the legend AAMAZTINflN'). On one of his Published coins should even be on two lines PEAAr-flTI

to be read^), which in my opinion turns out to be /^iunotI

for PEAAriTflN boustrophedon would have to emerge. Could Now this reading can be proven on an original, like this This would also eliminate all doubts regarding the allocation my coin for a city that has remained unknown until now llsXayia^) could oppose.^

>) Planche I, No. 30.

*) Descript num. vet. 1796, p. 571, tav.XIII, 8; Mus. Fontana II, p.21, tav. IV, 1-4 and III, p. 23, 17-20.

') In Mus. Fontana II, p. 22, Sestini believed the inscriptions on one to have to refer to barbaric magistrate names.

«) Sestini, Mus. Fontana, III, p. 23, no. 20.

^) llilayia are said to have been called Rhodes and Herakleia Myson, Const

XOO F. Imhoof-Blumer.

Since I gave expression to this conjecture, I found Opportunity, through the favor of his excellent Essays in the Numismatic Chronicle and in Huber's magazine include knew numismatist Mr. H. C. Beichardt in Ancona, that Purchase the following pieces:

2nd JR 6th Gr. 11.85. — Laurel-wreathed head of Apollo to the right.

Shown plate III. No. 13.

In contrast to the ugly and rude Apollo kopfe is the inscription on the reverse side made of regular and German formal letters, which confirms my earlier speculation Regarding the reading of Sestini's copy to complete knowledge increases The question now arises as to where this city is going Pelagia, who we don't know anything about, not even the name has been handed down, is to be published - a question whose solution for the time being will only be possible in an approximate sense.

Judging by the types, the style and the coin base, The coins of the Pelagites are perfect than the Damastine ones related. Apart from my own views testified Sestini already gave this identity through his allocation a. a. 0., as well also the proven expert on ancient coins, P. Lambros in Athens, which gives me No. 1 as a Damastine coin. It should also be noted that what is described below Example of barbaric replicas of Pelagitic money together men with Damastine and Paeonian coins from Macedonia came into my collection:

3rd JR 6th Gr. 6.30 (subaerat). — Unbearded head facing right. R/l ^AA3/^. Tripod; in the field on the right a knife'). Shown plate IIL No. 14.

VII Porphyrogennetos and Kinnaroos, pp. 127, 10. That the monces in question cannot be attributed to either city, is obvious. 1) See Sestini, Mns. Font. II, tav. IV, 3 and 4, where in the figure the The legs of the tripod are incorrectly turned upwards.

.• •<

Contributions to MftnzkoTide et«. 201

Another coin, similar to the previous one, but made of pure silver and in the best condition, weighs Gr. 9.55 (r. S.). The factory of the following two is a little less crude Varieties in which the alpha always has a dash in their labels missing:

4. M6. Gr. 12.31. — Laurel-wreathed head of Apollo to the right.

i^riEAA-n. The last two letters are there between the legs of a tripod; left in Felde, a knife.

Bank of England Collection.

5. M 6%. Gr. 11.52. — The same head to the left.

HC 5ATnAA3(n). Replica of the tripod; left

in the field a knife; under the tripod n. British Museum. The assumption that the Pelagite coins were in the vicinity from Damastion and about the same time as the money of this were shaped by the city, are hardly subject to challenge. be thrown. The question is not so easy and certain to decide where Pelagia once stood; because until Today, Damastion's hasn't even succeeded geographical location can even be approximately determined. Be- As is well known, Strabo is the only writer of antiquity who remembers this city, and unfortunately he does so especially in a desperately vague way. In VII. Book, 326, 8 He reports: "Mixed with these (epei rotic). Completely But the core are the Illyrians in the southern part of the (Illyrian) mountains and above the Gulf of Ionian; because about epi- damnos and Apollonia live as far as the Keraunian Mountains (\ie Byl Honen, Taulantier, Parthiner and Bryger. Somewhere around here Nearby (nXfiaiop di twv) are also the silver mines of Damastion, around which the dysestias (UuitfTM in Steph. Byz.) and the Encheleians {Eyx^Xetoi) who are also Sesarethians^ (probably

■) C. Müller in his edition of Strabo, Paris 1853, p. 271, amended: “En-

102 ^* Imhoof - Bkmer.

lent Dasaretier) were called ^ founded their rule. Besides these follow the Lyncestes, Denriopes, Pelagonians etc." From this, and partly also from passages from other writers who have written about some of the Yölker tribes listed by Strabo report having different topographical approaches can be found for damastion. give. On the seventh geographical map of MüUer's Strabo- Issue are m iv JafMxatim aQj^VQsta east of Mount Asnaos (today Trebuschin) and south of the Tomaros Mountains (Tomori), between the rivers Aoos and Apsos, in today's Deschnitsa*) mentioned area, marked with a question mark. This one However, the position does not correspond to the views at all Müller's, which damasked on the Tomori Mountains, i.e. h. into that Today's Tomoritsa'), north of the Apsps River, wanted to relocate*). — Leake *) against . believed the city with the northeast of Kroya located in Dyrrhachion should be identified because of this fixed place neither on the coastal plain between ApoUonia and Dyrrha- chion, nor the towns on the Via Egnatia - where Damastion not to be sought - belongs. But this justification is not crucial for Kroya, because she is also responsible for the tomo- ritsa and some other areas are used that can. Kroya is also too far north for that mastion could be moved there, and at the same time too distant from the Lyncestis, which country Strabo considered that of the epeirotian The closest Illyrian border peoples are cited. — In Mionnet's

cheleae [et Dasarethii?] quos etiam SeBarethios vocant etc.^, and noted in the index p. 788 for the mines of Damastion “Fortasse pertinent ad Tomoros montem Tomaritza regionis juxta Aoum fl. Montem hnnc Liviu8XXXn,5 Asnaom dicit; yemag aQyvQirovf nna cum Geranniia montibus memoratLyco- phron, 1017; hodieque Argyrocastro locus ad Aoum juxta Ceraunios montes exsUt^

1) nnd S) H. Kiepert, Carte de TEpire et de la Thessalie, 1871.

') One could also conclude from the quoted remark in Müller*'s index that he mistakenly thought that the Tomaros and the Asnaos were identical

*) Num. Bright. Eur. Greece, p. 44.

Contributions cur MftnEknnde eto. 103

Atlas; pl. y.; Damastion is located in the city of Epirus, between Pandosia and Ambrakia! — Forbiger's Handbook finally, the Maps by Spruner and Menke, and Kiepert's new atlas by Hellas does not commemorate Damastion at all; and a try with The latter scholar's help is a happy combination Finding the location of this city and Pelagia led to no positive results. Nevertheless, I want to dare it here to express some conjectures and communicate facts, whose hand you might sooner or later come to solution to the pending question will be achieved.

If you summarize all the reports regarding the... ancient Illyrian peoples have been handed down to us; like that you get one of the most confusing topographical images. It This can be explained by various circumstances. The Illy riers never formed a unitary state, but instead have been divided from time immemorial into numerous and widespread, mostly rough-mannered tribes, which almost constantly live among themselves lived with their neighbors on the battlefield. Some of the- the same can over time by merging with other their or through repression and subjugation, meaning and names have been lost - others, conversely, have gained property and power. have won. Individual names will probably also be added in the course of time have suffered changes over the centuries, or at least from different to writers living at different times have been reproduced. Furthermore, it should be taken into account that Location and condition of the land, as well as the character of the area population meant that traffic with the inland The land of Luyria was always difficult, and that therefore not sufficient for the ancient geographers and historians Material was available for the residences of the Illyrian tribes to be described more precisely. And finally don't forget that also the state of our knowledge regarding the interior of the current towards Epirus and Albania is still very patchy, and that our knowledge through renewed research in these areas

104 ^« Imtoof-Blumer.

could be enriched with results that would be suitable to shed more light on ancient geography.

In the meantime, so much seems to be certain that the... Strabo listed Epeirot-Illyrian peoples among them Damastion area belonged, really the southernmost, i.e. h. on lived closest to the Epeirot northern border*) and they the Landscape of the Akrokeraunian Mountains and the Aoos River northwards towards Dyrrhachion, and across Lake Lichnytis from revenue. Almost in the middle of it rises the Tomori Mountains, and a little further south up to the Epeirot border, the Asnaos Mountains. In the old traditions the Tomori is nowhere mentioned, and the old namep Tomaros given to him is therefore based on a\if mere probability*); the Asnaos (tre- bushin), on the other hand, is precisely designated Um from Livy, XXXII, 5 The tribes now seem to be grouped around these mountains to have been who, according to Strabo, “exercised their rule around the Damastion's silver mines had been founded "and to which ones first (east) the Lynkests struck. This view seems

^) So e.g. B. the Byllions of Aoos fl. near the city of Byllis, and the Taulantier, which extends from the Aoos northward to the latitude of Epidam- nos branched. A city of the latter is mentioned by Hecataeus by name Sesarethos, according to which the Sesarethians of Strabo, when he is under that condition naming not the Dassaretians wanted to designate the Tanlantiem would be counted. The Dassaretiem included several tribes again had special names, and from which the Phaibatians and Pissan- tiners had their residences around the Tomori Mountains. Compare Leake, North. Gr. III, 326 and Kiepert, New Atlas of Hellas, 1872, plate VII.

*) Leake, North. Greece, III, p. 328 says this: “Tfais great mountain still bears its anoient name of which the Greek form was To- maros. It is easy to conceive that, like the names of mountains and rivers in general, Tom6r was a generic word belonging^ng to the aborigina! langnage of Epirus, and that hence it became attached also io the more ceibrated mountain near Dodona. The ancient fortress near the modern village of Tom ör may, like that village, have the same name as the mountain it seems, according to a cnstom which seems to have been prevalent in Greece at every age.

I

Contributions to Munskunde etc. 105

also to have been C. Müller. Old syllable nines are in This part of Luyria has not yet been traced to this day. men; What is striking is that at the beginning of this year- hundred in Tepeleni, the old one, on the Aoos River and opposite Antigoneia, located in the Asnaos Mountains, spreads the faith was, there were old silver mines nearby. This is how According to Th. Smart Hughes in his description Janina in Albania, 1819, T. H, Cap. VIII, (p. 283 of the French. Translation from 1821) by talking about a conversation with the infamous Ali Pasha, whose birthplace was Tepeleni. It is also worth noting that in the short distance from two hours north of Tepeleni, the western slopes near the Trebuschin (Asnaos), there is a village whose ridges Damesi^) echoes those of Damastion, and that in the end- Lich the medieval name of today's Berat (west of Tomori Mountains on the Apsos River), BsXclyQna^) was, both of which first syllables are identical to those of the name Pelagia. These locations are as close to each other as you can get It can be assumed that cities like Da- mastion and Pelagia may have been adjacent; to- You are currently in the region that I am Setting the two lost cities as the most likely highlighted.

As for Berat, it was believed that it was at the site of the old Antipatreia. Would au(A|id this ver- encouragement to be certain, there would be no obstacle in this

^) Leake, North. Gr. I, p. ö2u. dull; Kiepert, Garden of TEpire et de la Tbesaalie 1871.

*) Leake, 1st c. p.d59; KantakuzenoB, 11.32. — How multiple experiences teaches, 80 the appeal of today's names to old ones is not proven in many cases the least, and can therefore often be misleading. Without the meeting various other moments, which are in favor of a relocation of the old Da« mastion in the area of the Tomaros and Asnaos Mountains seem to speak, I would also have been careful not to remember today's place names.

lOß F. Imhoof - Blnmer.

look to still keep the same place for Pelagia. Because Antipatreia belongs to the category of Greek city names, which is usually only temporary, sometimes permanent the original place name has been swapped, either for reasons of Chelei against powerful princes and conquerors, be it after one suffered destruction and reconstruction; that's what we know Kardia-Lysimacheia, Potidaia-Kassandreia, Magnesia-Demetrias ^), Kios-Prusias, Alexandreia Troas-Antigoneia, Nikaia-Antigoneia, Mantinea-Antigoneia, Sikyon-Demetrias, Kebrene-Antiocheia etc. etc. — Antipatreia as a city name can date back at the earliest the Illyrian campaigns of the Macedonian king Perdiccas ni. date which the famous Antipater described, and accordingly had probably also taken part and led it - he probably came but only later came into use and in the present case, as elsewhere, given to an already existing city. Just two- sometimes we meet the Illyrian Antipatreia in ancient ecumenical write') and only about conquest and destruction of the city by the Bomers, around the year 200 BC. to find out. If Pelagia was her former name, she could use the same have recently adopted after their restoration, and This is all the more likely since under Roman rule the city was less more than ever could have occasion to have a Macedonian to resume epithets. The successive corruption of one City names like Pelagia would be in Belagrita, Belagrada and Berat then please explain. The transformation of 17 into J9 is present of course, so that the same would require further remark: Even today this change takes place in reverse Wisely, the native Greeks call it Berat to MnsQciu. If then in the form Belegrada the Slavonian word Beli-

^) The identity of thesBallBchen cities Magnesia and Demetrias see- nen the very similar silver coins with one name or another prove SU«

*) UviuB, 31.27; Polybius 5.108.

Contributions to coin studies etc. X07

gard*) is unmistakable, so is probability highlighting that the Bulgarians, who from the 6th century after From the time of Christ onwards, they invaded the Carpathian peninsula existing place names are usually retained, especially if they like Pelagia and Belagrita, contained echoes of their tongue, nnd easily adapt to an accurate meaning in their language- fit Hesse. Examples of such name transformations could be taught to every country.

A name change like Antipatreia could compensate Reasons can also be assumed at Antigoneia (Tepeleni), and here in place of the name Damastion. This one But then the city would never be back to its original state Form appeared, but the nearby silver mines had their old local name continued for a long time, until Strabo's time and later, retained unchanged, and modified can live on as Damesi.

What the formative period of the Damastine and Pelagitic As far as money is concerned, two circumstances should be emphasized which Don't let the limit be pulled down very far. Firstly, from both "There are no copper coins known to the cities", a fact which one is not exactly the same as it is for individual mints more civilized areas can reasonably conclude that the issuance of autonomous funds with the end of the Y century B.C. stopped, from which one can at least draw the conclusion can draw that the coinage in question is not that far in time reached down when the beginning of the relatively young copper mining coinage of the cities of northern Epeiros: Amantia, Byllis, Orikon, etc. — Secondly, the coins of Damastion and Pelagia's, according to all external signs, harmless to the

>) White castle. From Beligard settled in Albanian dialects Advice Leake, 1st c. I, 359.

') Among the coins of barbaric mint I find individual subaerates pieces.

108 F. ^bnhoof-Blumer.

side of the Paeonian royal coins. Both series seem To be of a simultaneous origin, one notices nebeo in both beautiful products of the die cutting art also less stylish- full and even roughly worked specimens, as well as completely cash- Barised, often subarousal tiling formations. The mutual Mttnz system is the same, even if the large pieces of Damastion are are on average one gram heavier than those of the Kings Lykkeios*), Patraos') and Audoleon.

For these reasons I believe that by the end of the IV century BC BC, around which time Audoleon*s reign ended, Damastion and Pelagia introduced their coinage had provided. With. This view would then become the one in harmony with that of Philip or his successors times the two cities were induced to join the Macedonian to take the names Antigoneia and Antipatreia, and you to hand over the right to coin money to the new rulers.

If I'm here with my thoughts on the possible If Damastion and Pelagia complete the situation, this is what happens However, with the unsatisfactory feeling that their result for the time being it still has a purely conjectural character However, since the same is largely based on comparative, based on observations drawn from certain facts, So the attempt is not denied some justification become. Renewed geographical research, which still lead to the discovery of the old southern Illyrian silver mines could, and reliable records and reports about the The usual locations of the coins in question are included time may still make it possible to work with greater certainty means as it can happen now, the locations of the two "to determine the lost cities").

1) Gat Ivanoff, No. 31, size 12.57. S)Cat. Ivaooff, No. 32, size 12.57. *) My enter attempt to locate the two cities had this

Contributions to MOnskunde etc. 109

Here are some inedited descriptions of the castle or rarer varieties of the Damastine coin series ^)' 6. M 6. Gr. 13.26. — Apollo's head, facing left, from a three- decorated with rows of leaves

Western Pelagonia because of the relationship of this name with Pelagia. There would probably be a combination for this in terms of grouping some of the southern Illyrian tribes mentioned by Strabo can be found by the Dassaretians branched northeast into Pelagonia, and the Bryger could also be transferred to this area. See Strabo, 327 and S. F. W. Hoffmann, Gr. and the Gr. I, 243, 50. On the whole seemed to me but the result of this investigation is of a very unsatisfactory nature, so that I'm probably expecting a more extensive discussion here. can fight. It would be not unimportant to find out whether the coins from D. and P. more common, and usually together with those of the Paeonian kings today's Bitolia, or to a greater extent from Albania. come; According to Sestini's assurance, Fontana received his copies Scutari. — A rich silver mine was that of Karatova, something eastwards from the road from Istib (Astapos) to Kustendil (Pautalia) near the sources of the Braunitsa (Astapos), an eastern tributary of Axios (0. Blau, Mon. Ber. der Akad. zu Berlin 1866, p.840). — How subsequently emerges from inquiries made by Mr. P. Lambros in Athens to catch up with the goodness, as Stobi, Skopia, Vrania and Eo- manova Damastine coins found, i.e. in the areas slightly to the west of Karatowa areas, which formerly formed Paeonia and Dardania deten and in the same places where the coins of the Audoleon kings came from and Patraos come from. This message, and the reports of Sestini* (Mus. Fon- tana II, pp. 21 and 22), according to which numerous coins of Damastion and Pe- lagia from Albania reached Trieste, show the wide distribution which The coins in question were found in the interior of today's Illyria and Bitolia had; On the other hand, for the time being they do not contribute to the geographical Determination of the imprint locations to provide new and reliable clues.

^) Except in Mionnet's Gatalog there are descriptions and illustrations Descriptions of Damastine coins in the following works: Sestini, Descr. nnm. vet. 1796, p.571, tab.XIII, 8; Mus. Fontana, I, p.36, tab.V, 7; II, p. 21/22,61/62, tab.Ill, 14-16, tab.IV, 1-6, tab.X,l— 10, III, p. 22/23; Mus. Hedervar. I, p.25; Ed. de Gadalvöne, Recueil, p. 143, pl.II, 16; Fox, Uned. or rare Greek coins, I, No. 73; from Prokesch-Osten, Inedita 1854; Leake, Num. Bright. Eur. Gr. p. 44 and 159; Imhoof, Ghoix de mountainous grecques, 1871, pl. 1, 31.

8

IIQ F. Imlioof-Blumer.

Hf. AAMA-CTINA on both sides of a triad. The whole thing in a slightly recessed square. My collection. Shown plate HL No. 15. The numismatics of Damastion so far show very little Number of pieces of beautiful work on ; to these rare specimens The coin described belongs to plaren. The Apollo Head; from ern- stem expression and style, as well as the Dreiftis, are vividly reminiscent individual Zakynthi see coins with the same types, which Similarity already also Leake, 1st c. p. 44 highlighted 7.M6. M Fr. 13.33. — Head of Apollo 1. as above.

left/l tripod, the broad base of which has the inscription HPAKA- carries, on the right of the same -EIAO, on the left KH and a knife with a handle. My collection. This coin first appears in Wiczay's Mus. Hedervarium No. 2653, tab. XI, 231 (mistakenly assigned to Herakleia Sintica). to have been made and depicted. A copy of the same is located in the Coin Cabinet in Vienna, Gr. weighing 13.02; another- res came up for auction in 1859 from the Palin collection and was in the Revue numismatique of the same year, p. 226, under no. L^S listed as a tetradrachm of Ghalkis in Euboia! The name HPAKAEIAO, which only refers to one magistrate person - ^HQaxleid^g — can be referred to, and not to a city, like- has been tried repeatedly, is written in the Doric genitive form, like KAKIO of coin no. 8, and like the inscriptions of the ma- Cedonian royal costumes: AAEHANAPO, APXEAAO, AB- POPO') etc. Types, style and weight indicate the piece to Damastion, whose coins bear the inexplicable KH as KH (A?), KH (B?), KH (E?), KH

1) Both the form AYKKEIOY and AYK- appear on Paeonian coins. KEIO before, on Thracian MOSZEO, ZPAPAAOKO, THPEO u, 8. f.

*) In addition to these Aafscfarift, I am also aware of the following:

Amounts for coin studies etc. H\

True, but in almost every piece it appears more barbaric Factory, which we know from Pelagia, so actually this city is not without a claim to the coin.

8. M 6% size. 12.80. — Head of Apollo wreathed with laurel, to the right.

Case IT3A-MAA on both sides of a tripod. on the base of which is the inscription KAKIO British Museum.

9. MG, Gr. 11.52. — The same head to the right.

I^. AAMA-. . . Tripod with M-E in between. British Museum.

10. M 6, size 9.98. — The same head to the right.

Jf?/: AAMAZ-TINflN. Tribrach with caduceus there- between.

My collection.

11. M 2%. Gr. 1.65. — Bearded head to the right, without visibility bare garland.

Rf. Dreifuss, below AAM, right AZ, left T. (AAMAZT.) great work. — Vienna Cabinet.

12. M 3. Gr. 2.78. — Female head to the right, with a broad Decorated with a tiara and a necklace

jR/I AA-M . . . Square pedestal, above which a two-forked curved tool is placed

M. Collection. Shown in m. Choix de mon. grec- ques, pl. 1.31, and on plate III, no. 17.

13th JR 3rd Gr. 2.75. — Female head facing left, with ear hanging, the hair is covered in a net

R/l AAMAZTINflN. Type like the previous one;

AIPP. (Sestini; Catal. Dryasdust 1869, Ne. 206, Gr. 12,18 and Catal. JackBon No.öla.); APPIA (Cat Th. Thomas, No. 1615, size 2.33; incorrectly attributed to Zakynthoe

shared); BT (Mionnet); KAnO (Leake);^^ probably for KAKI (Sestini

and my collection), KAKIO (Brit Jins.); ME (Brit. Mus.) and NE (Ber- liner Mus.).

8*

1 12 P. Imhoof - Blumer.

a winged herald's staff adorns the center of the postal mentes.

Pictured plate EL No. 16. Cf. Pellerin I, plate Xn,9.

14. M 3rd size 3.15. — Female head with collar, facing left.

Rf, inscription and type like the previous ones, but without Herald's staff and at its front position NE. — Museum Berlin.

15. iR 2yg. Gr. 1.63. — Laurel-wreathed head of Apollo to the left.

AAM Rf. AZ+TI. A hoe between the inscription. NOW

My collection. Pictured plate HI. No. 18. The types of downsides no. 7 - 9 places probably tools used in the exploitation of the silver mines were applied. The + sign also appears on a Viennese Large pieces in the cabinet, which Froehlich (num. Ci- melii austr. I, tab. Vni,3) depicted and attributed to Damaskos ben has:

16. M 6%. Gr. 12.60. — Head of Apollo wreathed with laurel to the left.

I^r. AAMA (ZTI) NflN. Tripod on a base; between its feet two 4*. In my work “On the coinage and palaeography of Boeotia etc." I believed this on p. 88 (p. 408 of the Num. Magazin 1871). The symbols that appear in the last two coins are related to the sym- Bolen to count, which, like the B in Argive, the Pentalpha, the various Triskele, etc. on others Coins have a mystical-religious meaning. dear I have not yet discovered the special meaning of the figure Hh. searches made'); I'm just noting their appearance here Damascus coins and take this opportunity to add some further examples of their occurrence at: on tetradrachms

*) See Bernd, coats of arms of the Greeks and Romans, in the index nnter “Angle measuring cross”.

Bdtrftge inr Honcknnde e

113

from Rhegion, on the Kion of Aepollo's head; anf siciliecheu ■ Tetradraclimeii with the three Phoenician letters behind the female head wreathed with reeds; on some similar tetr. in Diadem dea female head, imEeverg syi'akasis'clier copper coins, as a type {Mionnet, Rec. des pl. XXXVin, 10); in the entrance strike old Corinthian silver coins; over the one with one Stephanos crowned female heads of the silver mines of Kromna, (Orerbeek, Hera, plate 11.33); as the reverse side image of silver coins from Abydos or Astakos (Brandis, Münzwesen, p. 443), and from Tbaliades (?) in Arcadia (Berl. Mus.); as a symbol anepigra- phic syllabic coins from Akanthos, Lycia and 8th w.

The Damastion and Pelagia coin series are lined up also two pieces of the same type, which are different to me - half a year after I wrote the above, been bind. One, influenced by the Sarnoates, is located has been in the Paris collection for a short time and was given to me left there for publication in the most courteous manner; the other, whose knowledge I owe to Mr. J. F. Six in Amsterdam has a city name to thank, from which unfortunately only the first three letters MIK....are completely safe. Here is the description of the two coins:

17. MQ. Gr. 11.04. —The laurel-crowned head of Apollo is on the left.

If/. ZAPNOATßN. — Replica of a Dreifliss,

between his left and middle thigh

Monogram A stands; a knife in the field on the left; under

the Dreifuse n,.

it 6. — The same head to the left.

^/l MIKI left, EIA(?) right to the side of a tripod,

18.

114 F. Imhoof-Blumer.

between his left and right thigh

Monogram ¥ stands. As already indicated, the address of the last one can be found Stttckes cannot be supplemented with certainty, because apart from that It is by no means clear that the second half of it is unclear stated that the fourth letter represents one iota. It is there a Rh o is also conceivable. However, there is probably no doubt about it* It's nice that this inscription refers to a place that... to be placed near Damastion and Pelagia.

A city of Sarnoa is also not known Stephen of Byzantium found an Illrian city of Sar- nus: 2aQvovgj mhg^lXXvQM'^. to i&VMov 2aQvov0Mq, and Polyene (IV, 2,12) reports on a stratagem by Philip II, through which These 10,000 Samusians would have been taken captive to Macedonia. It now makes sense to identify Sarnoa with Samus, all the more than the coin really belongs to the area in which Stephen transferred the city of Samus. For determining the possible situation of the latter can be seen in the extremely poor adhere to knowledge that we have from ancient and modern times Those who received it in those regions cannot find any clues. The concept that the Eaq- found in Strabo (Vn,323) vov^j which, by the way, is a mountain range in the Lynkestis (Kiepert, New Atlas« from Hellas 1872, plate VII). and not as a city I think it could be identical to Samus dared to put them up seriously.

In this respect, the two coins from Sarnnm and Mik .... important as they prove that the area around the silver Digged around from Damastion, besides Pelagia, various ones other cities that were certainly not too far apart, which, as can be seen from their completely similar and simultaneous pre- According to reports, there were close political associations must have.

Contributions to coin studies etc. ]^]^5

m.

DELPHI IN PHOKIS — The Delphic E

1.^4%. — AYT(OKPAT.) KAI. TPAIANOC AAPIA NOC. Lorry-wreathed bust of Hadrian on the right, with the Paladamentnm.

Bff, A6A-flN. In a rock grotto (or ivy) wreath?) to the left sits a naked woman looking backwards Figure, holding Tänien (?) in her right hand.

My collection; illustrated plate IV, no. 9. — Cf. Leake, Num. Bright. Suppl. p. 123.

2.m 4%. —AY. KAI. TPAIANOC AAPIANOC A

Laurel wreathed bust of Hadrian on the right.

Bff. A€A-AN. Wreathed altar with gable-shaped