The Ancient Coins of Italy — 1903

HTE$, NEP0UTE5, NEOPOAITHI and NEOPOAITAI on the other;

but the simultaneous re-use of the letters H* A» Z and E long, 1^, ^, has nothing which should surprising if one thinks that the population of Naples was composed of elements do > Nothings and Ionians who had already undergone certain transformations and to whom came towards the end of the 5th century the Samnites were added. Moreover, we will still find after 405 BC. BC, on coins with the type of female head, the shapes

NEOPOAITHI — NÊOPOHTH$ — NE0P0HTE5 and NEO-

POAITAZ used alternatively, and we will also see for a long time pai-tie from the 4th century. the forms NEYPOAITHZ, NOVROAITHl, NHO"

POAITAI, NI0P0AITH2, NEPOAITHI, ÏHTIAOHOaM,

NEOPOAITEflN which clearly indicate to us the mixture of races and the in- fluency exerted by foreign elements, i, ^0% 377 and 378.

NAPL£S

477

true masterpieces. The heads, it is true, are inspired by remarkable types that Gimon had just created in Syracuse, between 410 and 390; but the artist who engraved the Neapolitan corners did not does the sterile work of a copyist; while being subject to the influence of Sicilian master, he gave the new image the imprint of his personality, by the vigor of execution and the charm of the expression. This engraver left us, among other things, two corners remarkable (1):

On the first (n° 335), we see the head of the Nymph almost from the front, the features marked with a gentle severity, the scattered hair around the face; on the reverse, the andro-bull head and the inscription NEOPOUTH^, NEOPOUTE^, NEOPO- HTA$ in bouslrophédon; on the second (n* 344)^ we see a female head in profile, hair surrounded by a headband tied at the forehead; on the reverse the androcephalous bull crowned by Victory. This artist's chisel doesn't seem foreign either in a few corners of the type of the head of Pallas(â) (cf. n* 385).

The Neapolitan currency, having reached such a high degree of perfection, tion becomes around 390-380 suddenly barbaric in style, defective typing; it presents faulty inscriptions (3). A serious event must have disturbed the city. It can only be the Samnite invasion.

1. Evans believes that Cimon himself engraved these coins, Syracusan medallions, Num, Chron., 1890, p. 75 sec. These currencies, having had a long circulation, still found in a poor state of conservation. Despite their affectation of archaism they do not appear before 390. Naples remained under the influence for a long time of Greek models from the second half of the 5th century, and we should not attribute to progress of Campanian glyptic a march as rapid as that accomplished in Greece, in Syracuse, even in Thurium. It was around 390 that a distinct sign appeared tinctif, a new technique to give expression to the eye, the pupil rendered by a circle with a globule in the center.

2. A. Sambon, La Cronologia délie monele di Seapolis, Riv. Num. It.^ 1902.

3. These crudely designed coins present us with a curious mixture of elements Ionic and Doric here are some examples: NEYPOAITHZ» NOY-

POAITHZ, NHOPOAITA2, NIOPOAITH2, NEPOAITHI;

sometimes even the inscription is retrograde. We must see not only the mixture of different races, but still the confusion produced by the arrival Samnites and mixobarbari. See the forms NEYTTOAITHZ and NEY- POAUnN in Bechtel, lonische Inschriflen.

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Naples was inhabited by a very mixed population and At that time, according to Strabo (1), it was torn apart by civil discord. Strabo (2) also teaches us that the Samnites took advantage of these discords to force the Neapolitans to part- manage the government of the city with them. Mommsen (3) made note that this information seems acceptable, because in a Neapolitan inscription, near the Greek names, is that, Osco-Campanian, from Mamercus, and at the time of the occupation of Naples by the Romans, the supreme magistrates of Naples were a Greek, XapCXeux; and an osk, Nufji^idç.

This scholar did not examine the coins; they provide even more convincing evidence of Samnite interference, which should probably be placed between 390 and 326.

It is true that several of these currencies are perhaps counterfeits of Neapolitan didrachms struck at Nola; but I observed in a memoir: The chronology of currencies of Neapolis, only a few, those whose reverse bears a counterfeit legend and a type of summary drawing, received on the obverse bears the imprint of an old Neapolitan die, and it is obvious that the Samnites would not have been able to use these corners if they had not not had in their power the administration of Neapolis. But the artistic disorder so clearly expressed by the Napoleonic coinage litan did not last long in Naples itself, and the coins of summary drawing bearing the legend NEOPOAITHZ) which seem extend its duration^ were probably struck in Samnite workshops neighboring Neapolis, especially in Nola.

We have coins whose obverse has been struck with the same corner, while the reverses are sometimes anepigraph, sometimes inscribed: NEOPOAITHI or NHAAinN (nos. 355 to 360 and fig. to p. 179). There is even a curious detail which makes it absolutely certain the identity of the corners used for the head: it is only the drawing was either modified or reworked on an old type, of which there remains traces. Here is the reproduction of these curious pieces.

Some of these coins (No. 349) struck by the Sam

1. V, 246. See Pais, Sioria delia Magna Grecia.

2. V, IV, § 7.

3. C. /. L., Tol. X, 170. See also Pais, Sioria di Roma, vol. I, p. 2.

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Tell the Neapolitan type, have signs simulating letters who were taken to be Phoenician; it is difficult to say whether these sigaes are a barbaric imitation of Tethnique NEOPOAITHIi as Garrucci (1) thinks, or a clumsy attempt to make a Punic inscription, as de Luynes and

L. Sambon, with a view to trade with the Cartha establishments ginois of Sicily, towards the end of the 5th century and the beginning of the iv«. It is certain that, in one or the other case, these inscriptions are devoid of meaning. The design of these coins is not bad, while other imitations, much more barbaric, have inscriptions perfectly readable, even often correct, texts. There is therefore no no doubt that this inscription has been intentionally disfigured tion and for purely commercial purposes.

Alongside coins with illegible legends, we find some which are anepigraphs, some perhaps from Neapolitan corner (n° 347), others probably coming from Nola's workshop. I believe that the coin type of the bull with bovine face indicated by Minervini (*i), L. Sambon (3) and Dressel (4), is only an example please defective typing of our drawing n* 354 representing the androcephalous bull. It is among these currencies, and at one fairly recent era (340 BC?) (5), that it is necessary to place the ressant didrachm of the coll. de Luynes having the head facing Juno, similar to that of the coins of Hyrina, of Poseidonia and Crotone, and on the reverse the androcephalic bull crowned by

1. 0. C, p. 84, no. 6.

2. Osservazioniy p. 11, ft. IV, 5.

3. Research, p. 156, n-5.

4. Berlin Catalogue, pi. VI, no. 90.

5. Several rough style coins, struck by the Samnites, have been attributed to a period before 400, while they belong to the half of the 4th century and even up to 340.

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the Victory and accompanied by the inscription: TA YKI fil (compare with OA YM PI inscription on a Neapolitan minted coin) and a disfigured inscription of the ethnic name. We leave again Let's learn about Tatelier de Nola.

I said that the artistic disorder produced in Neapolis by Tingérence Samnite did not last long, and indeed we see again will soon reveal corners of exquisite art. We will find in n" 363, 364 and 365 of the third plate some examples of evolution of the type with a female head in a purely Hellenic style who take place among the most graceful coins of the first half of the 4th century. Around 350, we see appear on these coins initials, either of engravers or of masters of the Mint: r» 0> E- The letter f is also found on coins of Hy- rinaet of Fensernia, of almost analogous design, the letter O on contemporary Nola broadcasts. So there were still close relationships between the monetary workshop of Neapolis and those of the sabellic populations of Gampania.

During the second half of the fourth century, Naples struck numerous currencies which indicate to us the importance of its commercial relations with Taranto. We first find obols (n»' 427-434) having on one side a head of Apollo or a head manly with massive collar, short hair (Hercules?) and lapel Hercules kneeling choking the lion. We know that the obols to this type, inaugurated by Tarentum and Heraclea after 380 BC. AD, were struck for a fairly considerable period of time and in very large quantity and that they took on the character of coins federal of the Hellenic cities of southern Italy, their type being Tepisemus of Heraclea, seat of the federal council of the Hellenes.

Neapolitan coins of this type are, however, few in number. breous and sometimes they are of mediocre style or even bar- bare; they have the following letters, probably initials of masters of coinage: O, AY? API or APT- Their typing does not may be earlier than 340-330 BC. AD But the most common currency interesting from this period is certainly a didrachm (n* 396) of the Coll. Santangelo (Naples Museum), having on one side the head of Apollo and the inscription NEOPO; from the other Vhippokon- list throwing a javelin, a type so common on ta- rentines since the time of the arrival of the Spartan king Archidamos,

NÀi>THE 18i

that is to say shortly before 338. It is therefore probable that this mon- nay was struck around 330-32& to mark the alliance between Naples and Taranto.

At the end of the 4th century a few rare obols must be attributed whose types allude to cults in honor: on one of them (n* 422) we see a juvenile river head surrounded by his name, ^EPEIOO^ (S^zeiOoç — Sebethus) and, on the reverse, a winged female figure seated near a spring, on a hydria reversed. We brought the figure of the reverse side of the Nympha closer together Sebethis of Virgil (Aen. VII, 735); but according to Garrucci it can just as well represent the nymph Parthenope. This figure was copied from that of the Terina coins.

A second coin shows us the laureate head of Apollo and on the reverse the head of the androcephalic bull, decorated with bands letters. This type was imitated from that of the coins of TAcarnania (1).

No one ignores Eckhel's dissertation: De tauro cum fade humana^ in which, based on a passage from Macrobius, he proposed to see in this symbol Bacchus Hébon, riicifavéoraTôç Ôeiç of the Neapolitans. This conjecture, accepted by L. Sambon, Head and a few others, was fought by Minervini (2), of Luynes, Millingen, de Witte, de Longpérier (3), Garrucci, who saw in the androcephalic bull Neapolitan coins some representation of a river and especially of the AchéloQs (4).

It is difficult to deny the importance of the cult of TAchelous to Naples, and the relationships with Acarnania noted by the resemblance white of the two currencies that I have just cited, show us that this cult must have been in honor around the middle of the 4th century. But on the other hand it is possible that the Neapolitans, giving a local character to this image, have lost sight of the original idea nature that it contained and that at the end of the 4th century they assimilated it to that of Bacchus Hebon. Macrobius tells us that the cult of this God had very great importance in the 4th century, and the abundance

1. Imhoof-Blumer, Dis Mûnzen Akamaniens, p. 14, ft. I| 20, 21, 22.

2. Bull. Arch. Nap., 1853 and 1858.

3. Numism Review,^ 1866.

4. Several Tases have been published having representations of the androcephalous bull; but some represent rAchéloOs, others Dionysus (Blacas Museum, pi. 32. — Brit. Nus., F. 194).

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subjects relating to the Diaoysian mysteries on the Cameroonian vases paniens supports his statement. The image of the andro-bull head, with the large, carefully curled beard, with the haughty attitude that we find on didrachms from the end of the 4th century and the first half of the m*, may well be suitable for this chthonic divinity of fertile Gampania.

Around 340-330 we begin to put on the Neapolitan currency in a constant manner one or more names of monetary magistrates silences or symbols under which the names of coiners or monetary officers. It is easy to prove that the symbol placed behind the head was not a simple clue of broadcast, because it is repeated several times on series having names of various magistrates: it must therefore represent the difficulty income from a responsible coiner; sometimes there are two or even three symbols and no monogram.

A very pretty coin from the G. of London, thus shows us three symbols chosen from the products that made wealth from Gampania: a bunch of grapes, an ear of corn and a leaf of vine (1). A numerous series carries behind the head of the Nymph, a bunch of grapes; on others we see a cantharus, an eagle, a conical cap, a knucklebone, a figurine representing Goré.

Apart from the monograms or initials on the reverse, what- some of these coins show under the neck of the Nymph the name AIOANOYZ (àxl implied); others, at the same place, have ethnicity. NEOPOAL which is still repeated in the exergue on the reverse. We also find on the obverse the names 2TA-.. (Siaçti- Xou?); APTEMI(Sc5pou); PAPME(viîou); XAPIAE(a)ç) (2).

1. Fiorelii tried to reconstruct the names hidden under these symbols. It's true that several of these symbols can be considered as speaking weapons of magistrates or coiners; but Fiorelii's method cannot lead to anything of certain.

2. Ch. Leaormant supposes that the Charilaûs whose name is inscribed on mon- naies of silver and bronze is the magistrate who in 327 opened the gates of Neapolis to the Romans. He says on this subject: “But what is only a conjecture becomes a certainty^ when we compare the silver coins which bear the ?iom of CharilaHs with the bronze piece published by Pellerin and which joins atix types ordinary of Naples the legend PDlMAinN .... there is not only resemblance in work, but identity; these two pieces are obviously by the same artist. It was also noted that, on another currency, we read

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The ethnic on this series is often in the singular: NEOPO- AITH2 = Neapolitanus; a few rare times in the plural, NEOPO- AITfin or even in the singular, in Doric dialect, NEOPOAI-

TAZ(l).

All these coins are of very pretty style, of this graceful art of the Hellenic populations of Italy whose paintings of vases of the 4th century (especially Apulia and Taranto) provide us with such numerous examples: faithful echo of Athenian Tart who abandoned born forever this severity of style which had made him su- blime^ to fall into the mannered search for detail and into the preciousness of the expression. The plays of Parmenides and Cha- Biblioteca above all shows us the pinnacle of graceful style, with this taste of argutiae minutiarum^ which announces the end of the great inspirations.

These coins are distributed between the years 340-280 BC. AD and show us the city in a rapidly growing opulence health, constantly increasing the quantity of its cash.

The accounts of the Roman annalists, about the events which took place at this time in Campauia, are quite confused. The triumphal acts signal the triumph of Publilius Philo, in 327, on the Palaepolilani and the Samnites, and Livy (2) we learns that the Neapolitan magistrates GharilaUs and Nymphius opened the gates of Neapolis to the Romans, delivering them the gar- nison that the Samnites of Nola had placed there.

It seems that Naples, around 327, had not yet freed itself of Samnite ringence, the ancient city of Parthenope — the “palaepolis” — having become an Oscan district and the Sam- nites of Nola watching her closely.

It is probably because of this Samnite interference that two magistrates governed the city, one chosen from the popu- Greek lation (Neapolitani), the other in the numerous population

the acronym Ni corresponding to the name of Nymphius oa Nympsius colleague of CharilaQs. As for the possibility of finding on Neapolitan currency the names of the first magistrates of the YiUe, Garrucci observed that, on a rare silver coin, at the place where the name of Charilatts is inscribed, that is to say under the neck of the head of Par- Thénope, reads the very name of the city. I don't dare to be so assertive.

1. C. of Berlin, Cat. p. 108, no. 29.

2. VII, 22-23.

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osk (Palaepolitani). But this Oscan population of Neapoiis had gradually transformed. Greeks and mixobarbari were also keen to see an end to military interference by the new new Samnite tribes established in Nola and to ensure peace advantageous with powerful Rome, whose name was already re- doubtful in Campania. This is how I explain the events to myself. ments prior to the famous foedus Neapolitanurriy which effectively- ment assured the Neapolitans of important privileges and their allowed to give a great development (1) to their trade that the troubles caused by the struggle between Rome and the Samnites had paralyzed in favor of that of Taranto or Marseille.

Towards the end of the 4th century, Syracuse, after a fairly long period period of decline, had risen again and had reached a high degree of power under the government of Agathocles; the relationships commercial relations between this city and Naples became from then on narrower, and we find on the Neapolitan currency information dices of this rapprochement. Already before this time a numerous series of didrachms (n*»» 455 to 459) with the inscription NEOPOAI- TH2 0UNE0P0AITON, having among other names of magistrates, the Greek name 'OXûiJim(ou) or the Greekized Oscan name OuiXX(or (•= VU- lius), shows us a pretty female head, with capricious hair. carefully curled^ adorned with jewels and surrounded by dolphins, which immediately brings to mind the coins of the Syracuse engraver Evainète and the numerous reproductions which were made of it in Sicily and elsewhere until the beginning of the third century. It is useful to recall on this subject that the Tarentine goldsmiths, and even the Campanian potters of the th century, added to the charm of their pretty silver or earthenware cups reproducing in the center the em- imprint of the Syracusan coins of Evainète (2). During the last years of the 4th century or the first of the 2nd, we struck in Naples small silver coins of the value of a triobole

1. From then onward, Latium, Samnium, Apulia became dependent on the Neapolitan merce. Naples had perhaps never enjoyed absolute independence; first under the yoke of Cumae, it was then obliged to serve the interests of Syra- cusa or Athens; shortly after 400 she had to deliver the citadel of Palaepolis to the Samnites and grant them a share in the government of the city. The Romans, even before to march against Naples in 327, had probably secured the assistance of Cha> rilaUs.

2. See A. Evans, Syracusan “Medallions,” p. 114 sq.

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(maximum weight 1 gr. 80) which can be easily shattered against two Sicilian litrae, and with the manifest intention of establishing a easy connection with Sicilian currency. Head place these mon- naies before 340; but they have a great analogy with Syracusan coins struck at the height of power of Agathocles, so much so that, for a long time, they were considered like Syracuse. We know two types:

1) Head of Apollo; in front, NEOPOAITflN. ^ Rooster; in the field, a star or X (n** 553).

2) Head of Apollo; in front, sometimes, of NEOnOAITHN. ^ Bige galloping; in the field, sometimes, the symbol of the triquetre; with the exergue AI or XA or PAK (n"*' 554 to 559). These currencies are remained in circulation for a very long time — those of the rooster type especially — because almost all the copies that we found so far are heavily worn.

After 280 the design of Neapolitan coins began to lose its charm. We are also witnessing a change in the type, the head of the Nymph being always turned to the left on didrachms. The first emissions of this type bear the following names: TNAIOY (osque); EY — AOY (oscus); EYZ — TAP — EPI. The ethnic NEOPOAITUN is sometimes registered on a large projecting base, under the androcephalic bull. It is at this moment when the first cam currencies made their appearance pano-tarantines, intended to take place in Samnium and in Apulia, and it is interesting to note that these first emissions sions bear the acronyms EY like their Neapolitan models (1). Around 270-250 — even later — were struck in very large quantities number of silver coins having behind the head (always at left) a symbol, and, on the reverse, under the bull, one or two initial letters of the master farmer of Neapolitan coinage. We finds the acronyms Ey Bl> IZ» A- The pieces with the IZ sigil are the most abundant. We will see, by studying bronze coins, the important role of this IZ coin mechanism.... Some of these

1. Evans {The “Horsemen” of Tarentum, p. 170 and 171) thinks that the first Campano-Tarantine emissions were linked a few years before Pyr's expedition rhus; but that the minting of these coins continued for a long time afterwards.

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pieces — especially those with the Bl acronym — are quite pretty drawing; others, on the contrary, have a very summary design; all attest to an impoverished art and derive from a stylized model.

At the same time we see the first drachma. We're stupid* natt with the acronyms, Bl, II» A; some, with the acronym |1, with instead of a symbol behind the head, have, like the currencies of contemporary bronze, the consecutive letters of the alphabet, used to designate the order of emissions (1). Mommsen stops abruptly the silver coinage of Neapolis in the year 268. Evans (2) has already pointed out that this sudden cessation is not not likely. It is likely that Naples continued to strike per silver coins up to Tan 250 and even up to the conclusion of the first Punic war (around 241 BC).

1. Head (Hist. Num., p. 33) word i appearance of the drachma before 3i0: “To the second (400-340) and third (340-268) pcriods belong atso the drachms weighing 59-48 grs, with inscribed, NEOPOAITHI and NEOPOAITflN”.

2. Horsemen of Tarentum^ p. 171.

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BRONZE COINS

Bronze coinage appeared around 340 and we continued the strike until after 200. L. Sambon (1) thought that all these coins were obols. Mommsen (2) and Head (3) maintain that they are all settled on the Sicilian litra. Gabrici (4) believes that currencies prior to 315 are obols, others litrae. I think with Gabrici that we understood- started by striking bronze coins according to the Hel- lenic and that the litra was introduced only towards the last years of the 4th century or the first of the 3rd; but I'm not agree with him for the identification of these species.

In the long period of this coinage, the litra has undergone re- ductions that it is. difficult to date; but I think we hit the late fourth century and until 270 BC. litrae of 14 to 10 gr. and especially hemilitrae weighing 6 gr. less than 4 gr., and that towards 270 we set the weight of the liter at 7 gr. Towards the middle of the third century, the relationship between silver and bronze was probably in Rome from 1:120; but it is impossible to determine the fluctuations of this report before or after this date. These Neapolitan coins bronze perhaps only had a conventional value.

Obol fractions.

340 — around 270 BC - a) Head of Apollo, i^ Protome of swimming androcephalic bull.

Litrae and Hemilitrae.

Around 315 — 270 BC. — b) Head of Apollo, i^ Bull an- standing drocephalus; above, a symbol.

1. Research^ p. 145 and 154.

2. Hisl. of Roma currency,^ ed. Blacas, p. 108.

3. HisL Num.t p. 34.

4. Lincei, Noiizie Scavi, Dec. 1900, p. 654.

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Litre of weight written and fractions.

After 270 — 250 BC. - c) Head of Apollo. i{ Taurus androcephalus crowned by Victory. After 260 — 200. — (^ Head of Hercules, ij Tripod.

After 240 — 200.

e) Head of Apollo. ^ Lyre and omphale.

f) Head of Apollo. ^ Androcephalous bull crowned by the Victory.

g) Head of Apollo. i$ Protome of the androcephalous bull. h) Bust of Diana, i^ Cornucopia.

i) Head of Dioscurus. ^ Dioscurus or strategist on horseback.

a) and g) Head of Apollo, i^ Protome of an androcephalous bull.

The first emissions to the type of the protome of the bull androcephalus bear the inscriptions: NEOPOAITEON — NEOPOAETenN — NEYPOAITnN - NEOPOAITH2 — ZHTIAOnOSM; their drawing affects an archaism full of charm. We attribute to the year 326, that is to say on the occasion of foedas Neapolitanum, the minting of a coin of this type and the le- Gende, POMAinN (nos. 610 and 611) (1). Between 320 — 280, the emissions ions to this type are of an excessively graceful style. The ethnic is sometimes in the singular, NEOPOAITHI” sometimes in the plural, NEO- POAITflN; we see the following acronyms, A, AIO, K and AIO> /E, A, and the comparison of coins bearing the acronym AIO with didrachms bearing the name AIOOANOYZ (n»437 to 441) allows us to conclude that the contemporaneity of the two series. On some copies, the bull is shown swimming in the waves; he often has a star on the shoulder, and behind, a lyre; on others (no. 579) the bull turns his head, facing the viewer; often the protome of the bull is surmounted by a dolphin, an indicator of trade maritime.

1. On some copies, the legend 'Pcopiaibiv is disfigured. We arrived at Urihué Naples the pieces with the Oscan legend ^||fl>lFlttl I111NV>IR, Akun^m Makdiis because on one copy we read traces of the name NEOPOAITHI around the head. We will have to wait for other copies to know if this inscription is not not due to an overstroke.

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A charming anepigraph variety (n* 586) shows us in a on one side the head of Apollo surrounded by dolphins, on the other the protome of the androcephalic bull swimming and surmounted by a dolphin. The type of the obverse is modeled on the Syracuse coins of the first from the 4th century and the beginning of the 3rd century.

Another variety (n^* 597), possibly dating back to 300, has a door on one side the head of Apollo on the left, on the other, the anterior part of the tau- running androcephalic body, one leg bent, as it is represented on the coins of Thurium.

After 268, following the sextant reduction of the Roman ace and the routing towards the uncial ace, the bronze coin of- surely came, in Campania and elsewhere, a simple currency of point with no real intrinsic value. I^a litra at that time did not weighed no more than 7 gr. ; it weakens further to almost 4 gr. We introduced several new types; but type k the protome of the bull continued to be struck (the head on the left, the bull on the right, in the first broadcasts; then indifferently to dr. or left).

The latest issues of this type bear the following acronyms: 2etl; r;yf>; Eel A; NY; NYandBI; AO and Bl; NE and Bl; X,A and IZ; ME; AH; 01; A*

b) ^ Standing androcephalic bull; above we have a symbol.

The series of this type ends around 280 — 270; this means that almost all copies are of a pretty design. We find there the following acronyms: M and E; and AlO on litrae; AIO; M and MA0M;E;A; K; HAS; ^; Ol and BI; Ol and^;>1> and a; ^ andM; Ol, TAet^:; Z and E; H, XAPI and IVE; Has been; iP and E; /E and |2; the CIBI oscus (Vibius) and |2; C| and K; E and the Oscan letter n; /p and A0; MIA; E and AO; IH and AIO on half-liters.

The inscriptions are NE0P0AITH2, NEOPOAITflN, NEH- nOAIT and NEYPOAITflN; the latter is an io-form nienne. (See Bechtel, lonische Inschriften),

We know of a few examples of this type, devoid of ethnic; they have the acronym, AE.

A very interesting variety shows us the head of Apollo surrounded by dolphins and the bull surmounted by a trident (n® 650). It is useful to compare this coin with the didrachms no. 455 at 459 and with the small bronze piece n* 586.

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These types allude to the maritime trade of Naples and to his relations with Syracuse (1).

c) i| Androcëpbal bull crowned by Victory.

These coins were minted from around 270 to 240. Their weight fairly constant of 7 gr., higher than that of the coins of the years previous, proves to us that they belong to a reform monetary. The weight of the lilra had fallen to 6 gr. The reform consisted of better regulating the weight of these pieces and taking fish — for a while — the weakening of weight.

A large number of these pieces constantly bear the symbol 12 accompanied by other variable letters. The acronym |2 is found still on bronze litrae from Suessa, Compulteria, Aesernia from the same period and the same Neapolitan type. We proposed several interpretations of this acronym 12; some thought k a political alliance, the others to a commercial convention, and it was even suggested to complete these two letters with words like 'IS6p^07coç, ISéTHAoç, 'IS6voii.cç, expressing the uniformity of laws which regulated the minting of coins (2). These parts belong to obviously relate to a monetary alliance contracted in a purely commercial purpose, and it is probable that the acronym I2 designates the Neapolitan coiner who operated this coinage, and other acronyms those of monetary magistrates responsible for control; the acronym I2 is preceded or replaced by Ml or M.

The emissions with the acronym 12 and those with the acronym Ml are retyped peated on coins of Cales, Suessa, Aesernia, Tea- num. It is not a question of a few accidental retypes, but many systematic and “mass” retypes. A find made near Pietrabbondante (Bovianum Vêtus) in Samnium provided more than 80 restamped coins.

A few copies, inadvertently re-stamped on one side, have hitherto been considered to indicate an alliance between Naples and Suessa or Cales (3), I believe, on the contrary, that these

!. See A. Sambon, Vicende politiche di Neapolis, Acad. Naples, 4904.

2. Cavedoni, Bull. Institute, 1830, p. 197.

3. Minervini Osservazionit p. 69, pi. VI, no. 11; Carrucci, Ilalia anl., p. 19.55.

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redrafts indicate the termination of the commercial agreement intervened between Naples, Gales, Suessa, Teanum and Aesernia.

d) Head of Hercules. ^ Tripod.

Some coins of this type have a careful design; they have the acronyms Bli Kl, M, NY; others are sketchily drawn. The issues were very abundant and we find these currencies frequently in the necropolis of Cumae (tombs of the m* s.); in the excavations of Etruria, etc.

The cult of Hercules was very widespread in Campania: we Let us see the head of Hercules on the coins of Teanum and Capua. In Naples an inscription mentions this cult (1).

e) ^ Lyre and omphalos.

These coins, of a very basic design, weighing 7 to 5 gr., seem to me to be liters of reduced weight. They don't appear before 250 BC. Their type alludes to the famous gymnastic games and music competitions which took place with great brilliance in Naples every five years (2). On several examples we see a Victory placing a crown and banners agonistic delets on the lyre (nos. 721 and 722) and sometimes the torch of the lampadarchs. We find on these coins the acronyms following: NY, APA, AY, AH, IPPO and A-P, in and çni, XAI, PO, 01, A, AA, I, HPA, A2.

f) Bust of Diana, i^ Cornucopia.

The first broadcasts of this type are also of a pretty design. sin. The beautiful Ptolemaic coins with the cornucopia do not are perhaps not foreign to the choices of the type, which are widespread quickly said in Italy (Iguvium, Tuder, Larinum, Rome, Paes- tum, Vibo Valentia, Thurium and Copia). We read about these currencies the following acronyms: APA, A Y, IP, PO, Ol, A and 0Y, X and 0| which are all found in the e series,

and 86;, Dressel {Cat. Berlin, p. 147) believed in this political alliance and the historians nothing has snitched them (Pals, Storia di Roma, II, c. vu, c. 242).

1. Sogliano, Il culto di Ercole a Napoli, Archivio Slorico Napolilano, 1876, p. 565. See also Correra, Rio. Num, IL, 1903, p. 191.

2. Strab., V, iv, § 7.

192 NAPLES

g) Head of IMoscttre? i( Dioscurus (?) or strategist at ckeral (1).

The cult of the Dioscuri, transmitted by the Ghalcidian cities from Sicily, had spread to Ilalia; the Neapolitans had erected a temple in honor of these deities (2); but should we see the Dioscuri in these types? Garrucci doubts it. The first issues sions are of a careful design, but the workmanship of the greatest many of the coins of this type betray decadence; the acronyms NY. APA, AY, AH, in, XAI, PO, l, 2, HZ, AI denote their affinity with series e and f.

1. Garrucci does not believe that these guys are referring to the Dioscuri; the Dioscurus would not have the parazoniun mb axiila, but the spear; he thinks of a statue erected in honor of Pyrrhus around 473. He is perhaps a victorious strategist, as on the coinage of Taranto (Evans, pi.

2. The torsos of the statues of Castor and Pollux which adorned the center of the pediment of this temple.

NAt>tBS 193

SILVER COINS

FIRST PERIOD (450-340 BC).

Alternating Sicilian and Attic influences. — Influence of works of Kimôn of Syracuse and the master engravers of Thu- rium. — Samnite interference. — Alliance with Taranto.

I. — Imdraclimes with the head of a Nymph.

a) (Circa 460).

317. — Head of a woman on the right, adorned with jewels, hair surrounded by a beaded circle; bursiform bun on the nape of the neck and three rows of curls on the forehead. The head is surrounded with a laurel garland.

1^ Anterior part of the androcephalic bull, to the right, in swimming attitude. Retrograde legend ÏNOIHSkl» thus

arranged: .

^M EHL

Phocaean didrachm (good transitional style. Influence of

types of Gela). Unique. HAS *. 500.

G. of France (Laynes), 7 gr. 60.

b) (Circa 450-400). 318. — Head of a woman to the right, her hair wavy and held back by

194

NAPLES

a headband; a braid is tied behind in the shape of a d*c\). Granite.

i{ Androcephalous bull walking slowly to the left; above, a Victory flying to the left. and crowning him. Ins- retrograde script, J3T IA0n03M, starting at Texer- gue and finishing in front of the bull.

Didrachm (lean style). A* >/2 (ft. m). 60—100.

G. de Berliu* (new acquisition), 7 gr. 34. — Coll. Maddalena, 7 gr. 53. — C. of Naples (new acquisition).

319. — Same types. In front of the head of the Nymph, the AOlOSM; at

i{, above the androcephalic bull, lAOHOiM; ^ the exergue, an octopus. Didrachm (lean style). JSL * */*. 20—40.

C. of Naples (Santangelo), 7 gr. 66. — Coll. Sambon* (Paris), 7 gr.

320. — Head of a woman to the right. ; the hair, wavy and surrounded by a

circle of pearls, falls on the nape of the neck in a bursi-bun shape; in front, ÏHTIA0n03M. Granite.

^ Bull with human face, going to left. Legend boustrophé-

ono3M

donation

AlTHi

and ending in Texergue Didrachm

, starting on the right, above the bull,

A *-*!/*. 20-40.

C. of France, 7 gr. 52. — Coll. Seltman*, 7 gr. 71.

321. — Head of a woman to the right, her hair held back by a circle beaded. Circle at the edge.

NAPLES 195

^ Standing aadrocephalic bull, stopped at right; above^

NEOrO; in Texergue, an octopus. Didrachma. iSl * */«. 20—40.

C. of Gotha, 7 gr. 35. — C. of Naples (Santaogelo).

322. — Head of a woman to the right; in front, IA0n03M» Circle.

i^ Aadrocephalic bull at left. ; above, n03M; & Texergue,

pistrix. Didrachma. " A ^ */«. 20—40.

C. of Naples (Santoogelo), 7 gr. 20. — C. of the Vatican, 7 gr. 36.

323. — Head of a woman to the right, front, IA0n03M. Granite.

^ Aadrocephalic bull on the left; above an ear of corn (drawing

summary). Didrachma. A ^ ^1^ */2. 20—40.

Coll. Sir H. Weber*, 7 gr. 21.

324. — Head of a woman right, diademed, wavy hair.

(Compare with the coins of Cumae n^ 283.) i{Androcephalus bull standing right, on a beaded base;

above, HTIA0n03M Didrachma. B. ♦•* */*. 20—40.

C. of France*, 7 gr. 42. — G. of Berlin, 7 gr. 17.

325. — Head of a woman to the right, with short, wavy hair. (This

This served as a model for Samnite coins in the

legend KAMPÀNOI) ^ Androcephalous bull on left. ; above, A0n03k1* Didrachma. A * */2, 20—40.

G. of France (Luynes), 7 gr. 30.

326. — Same head.

^ Androcephalous bull going left, head lowered; au- above, NEOPO-

196 ^AI^LfcS

^ Didrachma.

C. of London (6), 6 gr. 97(c”).

5g:*Vi. 25—50*

"327. — Head of a woman to the right, wavy and diademed hair. (Compare with No. 288 from Cumae.) ^ Androcephalic bull on left; above, the AOHOSkl; ^ Texergue, a graîa of barley. (The bull is modeled on that of older pieces (around 430) to the type of the head by Pallas, n*«366 to 369.) . Didrachma. iSl * */« (pi. 111). 15—30.

C. of BerliD, 7 gr. 40. — Coll. Sambon, 7 gr. 90.

328. — Head of a woman to the right, similar to that of the previous number, i^ Androcephalic bull (more recent style), going to the right;

above, NEOPOA» Didrachma. To * */*. 15—30.

C. of Berlin (Coll. Imboof-BIumer), 7 gr. 31. — C. of London (5), 7 gr. 40. — Coll. of Gotha. — CoU. Ward, 7 gr. 87. — G. of Naples (Santangelo) of barbaric design (See Garrucci, pi. LXXXIV, 30). — C. de France (Luynes), summary drawing, 7 gr. 70.

329. — Head of a woman on the left, similar in design to that of the

head of the previous number; behind, A« i{ Androcephalous bull to the right. ; boustrophedon legend, NEOPOAI(T)

between the legs. Didrachma. j5L”. 30—50.

C. of London (4), 7 gr. 19..

330. — Head similar to that of the previous n*, no letter

in the field. i| Androcephalous bull going towards the right, head lowered; au- above, NEOrOHT.

-, partly above the bull, the rest

NAPLE3 197

Didrachma. HAS * */". 25—50.

G. of Gotha.

331. — Woman's headpiece to the right, her hair in a kekryphale.

1^ Androcephalous bull at. r., head facing; above, a bivalve shell (pecien) and higher, ea semicircle,

(M)EOnOHTE$. Didrachma. iSl». 40—60.

C. of London (3), 1 gr. 32.

332. — Head of a woman to the right, wavy hair. (Compare

with the coins of Cumae).

i{Androcephalic bull running to the right, left leg flexed shits, head down; above, (NEO)nOPITE(^)-

Didrachma. jSL«. 40—60.

c. from Naples* (Santangelo), 7 gr. 03.

333. — Head of a woman on the left, wavy hair. (Compare

with the coins of Cumae).

i^ Androcephalic bull running to the right, left leg flexed shits, head down; below, A^-

Didrachma. R,^. 40—60.

G. of Naples* (Santangelo), 7 gr. 50.

0) (Verse 415). t^ Androcephalous bull crowned by Victory.

334. — Head of a woman to the right, hair in a sphendoné

and the uncovered part floating back. ^ Androcephalic bull, head facing, going slowly towards the right, crowned by Victory which hovers in the tunes. In the exergue, NEOPOHTE^.

14

498 NAPLES

Didrachm (beautiful style). iSL * */* (pi. III). 40—60.

G. of Berlin* (11), 7 gr. 33 et al. Imhoof-Blumer, 7 gr. Ck>mpare with number 370.

d) (Verse 405). i^ Head of the Nymph from the front.

335. _ Head of a woman almost facing forward (slightly turned to dr.), diademed, her hair flowing and framing the vi- wise.

^ Audrocephalic bull going to left. Inscription boustrophé-

,NEOPOM,. NEOPOM,,, ,. ,

^^^ • — ^TTr — (^^ — ^3T — ( )' ^^ part above

of the bull, the rest to Texergue. Didrachm (very beautiful drawing). A*-» (ft. m), 60—150.

(a) C. of London (il), 7 gr. 36 and 5.66 (furred). — C. of Berlin, 7 gr. 30 and (Imboor-Blumer), 7 gr. 43. — C. of Naples. (Santangelo Coll. Maddaleoa, 7 gr. 50. — Donkey. Coll. Bunbury. (Cat. No. 37, 337 fcs). — Coll. Fortunato, Naples. — (6) C. of Naples, 7 gr. 12. — Coll. San- tangelo. — (b?) C. of France (Luyaes), 7 gr. 45.

e) (Circa 400-360). Nymph head in profile. — i^ Taurus androcëpliale crowned by Victory.

336. — Head of a woman to the right, her hair in a splendor a part escaping from behind in capricious loops heavens (very beautiful drawing), i^ Androcephalous bull walking slowly towards the left, head facing, crowned by Victory which hovers in the air. At the epigraph, sometimes under a double line pearled, NEoPoAITHZ, in very small characters.

NAPLES 199

Didrachma. JSl * */î. 15—40.

C. de France and (Coll. Luynes). — C. of Berlin (24), 7 gr. 48. — C. London (32), 7 gr. — Coll. Sambon*, Pariah.

337. — Head of a woman on the right, identical to that of the previous number (probably the same thing). ^ Androcephalous bull going right, head facing, neck purred by Victory; between the bull's legs, a olive shoot.

In Texergue, NEOAITHO {sic) (the reverse is of a dark design). mayor). Didrachma. isi * V2. 15—30.

G. of France, 7 gr. 32. — Coll. SamboD, 7 gr. 30.

338. — Head of a woman on the left, her hair surrounded by a shen-

given. t{ Androcephalous bull on left, head facing, crowned by

Victory; in Texergue, NEOPOAIT, under a beaded line., Didrachma. A * */î. 15—30.

C. of France. — C. of Naples (Santangelo).

339. — Head of a woman to the right, similar to that of nos. 336 and 337. 1^ Androcephalous bull on left, crowned by Victory; to

the exergue, ZHTIAOno3M or ZHTN0n03M (the reverse of summary and even barbaric drawing). Didrachma. I* V2. 8-20.

C. of Naples, 6 gr. 16. — Sautaogelo, 7 gr. 18. — C. of Berlin (28)i 5 gr. 33 (furred).

^ NAPLfcS

340. — Head similar to those of nos. 336 and 337; but stylish

more advanced, ij Androcephalous bull on left, crowned by Victory. A

Texergue, under a double line, NEOPOAITHI. Didrachma. jçl* V*. 8—20.

C. of London (33), 7 gr. 46.

341. — Head of a woman to the right, her hair surrounded by a headband

tied at the front (o7çwôoff(pev96vY3), with embroidery (a Greek one);

she is adorned with jewelry (necklace, earrings).

Circle. T^ Androcephalous bull walking towards the left, the head of

face, crowned by a Victory hovering in the air.

In the exergue, NEOrOAITHL Didrachma. SL* */«. 40—40.

C. de MilaD. — Coll. Sambon, 7 gr. 23.

342. — Head identical to that of No. 341; often from the same area. i| Androcephalic bull walking to the righty crowned

by Victory; in the exergue, NEOnOAITHl- Didrachma. A* */« (pi. III). 10—40.

c. from Berlin, 7 gr. 12. — Coll. Sambon, 7 gr. 20.

The corners of the obverse of Nos. 341 and 342 are exquisitely designed; but they were used with drawbacks of artistic value very uneven, the description of which we give in nos. 343-349. 11 It is likely that these reverse corners were engraved in Tatelier Samnite of Nola. We even used the same one for quite a long time corner of the obverse, already worn and rusty, which certainly came from the Naples workshop. (See what I said about these currencies at p. 177-180).

343. — Head identical to that of No. 341.

ij Androcephalous Bull' to the right, crowned by Victory; to the exergue, a disfigured inscription ^EaHOa (summary drawing mayor).

Didrachma. A* */«. 10—25.

C. of France (Luynes), 7 gr. 50.

344. — Head identical to that of No. 341.

NAPLES

201

ij Androcephalous Bull on the left^ crowned by Victory;

in Texergue, rHTIA0n03M (summary drawing; compare

with number 335). Didrachma. jÇL* V^. 10—25.

C. of LoDdreB (35), 7 gr. 35. — C. of Berlin (27), 7 gr. 29.

345. — Head identical to that of n^ 341.

ij Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory; to

rexergue, NIOPOAITHI [sxcy very summary drawing). Didrachma. jç^* */2. 10—25.

Ck>He. SamboQ*, 7 gr. 18.

346. — Head identical to that of n<> 341 (often rusty corner). v{ Androcephalous bull on left, crowned by Victory; under

the bull, f; in Texergue, NEOPOAITHl- Didrachma. -fi^ * */^ 8—20.

C. of Milan, 7 gr. 15.

347. — Head identical to that of No. 341 (rusted corner).

v{ (Ânepigrapha). Androcephalous bull on left, crowned by Victory; under the bull f. (Compare with mon- Samnite legends to the legend YDINA»)

Didrachma. A* */^ 10—20.

Coll. Sambou% Paris, 7 gr. 42.

348. — Head identical to that of n® 341 (corner often rusty).

^ Androcephalous bull on the right, crowned by Victory; under

the bull, P; in Texergue, NE0P0AITH2. Didrachma. HAS* */*. 10—20.

C. of Berlin* (20 and 21), 7 gr. 15 and 7 gr. 11.

349. — Head identical to that of No. 341 (sometimes corner

rusty. — Coll. Santangelo).

1

202 NAPLES

t\ Androcephalous bull on the right, crowned with Victory; to Texergue, a disfigured legend that has been taken for an imitation

tation of Punic characters for trade with the

Carthaginians of Sicily.

Didrachma. here * */^ 20—50.

C. of Naples (Santaogelo 1128), 7 gr. 18. — C. of Berlin, 1 gr. 16 (aDC. coll. Fox). — G. of London, 7 gr. 16. — Coll. Maddalena, 7 gr. 45.

On the following currencies (n<>« 350 to 354) the TV also seems a Samnite imitation of the Neapolitan type.

350. — Head similar to that of No. 341.

ij Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory; to

rexergue, ZHTIAOHOaH. Didrachma. A* */2. 10—20.

G. of Glasgow, 7 gr. 29.

351. ^ Head similar to that of no. 341.

^Androcephalic bull on left, crowned by Victory; to

the exergue, NHOPOAITAI.

Didrachma. HAS* */". 15—30.

G. of Naples, 7 gr. 05. — G. of London (39-41), 7 gr. 47; 7 gr. 30; 7 gr. 08.

352. — Head similar to that of No. 341.

i^ Androcephalous bull on left, crowned by Victory; to

the exergue, NEYPOAITHl (very summary drawing). Didrachma. A * */^ 15—30.

G. of London (37), 7 gr. 07.

We also find completely barbaric counterfeits, coming out probably from Nola's workshop. See especially n*»» 353 and 354.

NAPLE8

203

353. — Barbarian imitation of the head of No. 341.

i^ Androcephalous bull on left, crowned by Victory; to

rexergue, (N)OYnOAI. Didrachma. A* «/2. 15—30.

C. of Naples (SantaDgelo), 5 gr. 83.

354. — Barbarian imitation of the head of n<> 341.

^ Androcephalic bull (wrongly described as having

354

the bovine head) on the left, crowned by Victory; in the exergue, caption disfigured; Mast. Didrachma. F^* J/2. 20—30.

C. of Berlin (Nola), 7 gr. 23. — Coll. Sambon.

355. — Head of a woman with left hair in a sphendoné (without embroidery). This type was engraved on an old coin, of which traces remain, forming a sort of veil before the chin of the Nymph.

i^ Androcephalous bull to the right, head facing, crowned by the Victory that hovers in your air; between the legs of bull, r; in front, a lump of metal coming from a corner defect; in the exergue, NEOPOAITHX (corner of the reverse No. 344).

Didrachma. R.^ «/2. 10—20.

C. of Milan, 7 gr. 34.

356. — Head identical to that of n® 355 (from the same coin).

204 NAPLES

i^ Androcephalous bull on left, crowned by Victory; to rexergue, NEYPOAITHI (rough drawing; corner of No. 352). 'Didrachma. JSL ♦ */^ 15—20.

G. of London, 7 gr. 37.

357. — Tee identical to that of n^ 355 (from the same corner).

i{ Androcephalous bull on the right, crowned by Victory; to the exergue, NIOPOAITHl {sic; summary drawing; corner of No. 345).

Didrachma. iSL* */^ 10-20.

G. of Milan^ 5 gr. 90.

358. — Head identical to that of n^ 355 (from the same corner).

i^ Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory; to rexergue, NE0P0AITH2 Nice drawing).

Didrachma. JSl* */«. 10—20.

C. of Milan*, 7 gr. 35. — G. of Naples, 7 gr. !8.

359. — Head identical to that of n^ 355 (from the same corner).

ij Androcephalous bull on left, crowned by Victory; under the bull, O (the same letter is found on broadcasts of Nola); in Texergue, NEOPOAITHI.

Didrachma. iSi * V». 10—20.

G. of Naples. — Coll. Sambon, 7 gr. 25.

360. — Head identical to that of number 355 (from the same corner).

^ Androcephalous bull on the left, crowned by Victory (base double line); in Texergue, NHOPOAITAI (summer drawing mayor, poorly formed letters).

Didrachma. r.^ */«. 15—30.

G. of Glasgow, 7 gr. 37.

NAPLES 205

/) Around 370-340.

361. — Head of a woman to the right, hair in a sphendoné

without embroidery.

^ Androcephalous bull on left, head facing, crowned with Victory; in front, T; between the legs, a small dolphin to the right; in Texergue, NEOPOAITHI (good drawing).

Didrachma. A*V2. 10—20.

C. of BerliD, 7 gr. 38. — Coll. Sambon.

362. — Head of a woman to the right, adorned with jewelry (necklace, pendants

ears); the hair enclosed in Yopisthosphedoné. ^ Androcephalous bull on the left, head facing" crowned by the

Victory; under the bull, O; in Texergue, NEOPOAITHI. Didrachma. -SL * */*. 10—20.

C. of London, 7 gr. 48. — C. of Berlin, 7 gr. 35.

363. — Head* of a woman to the right, adorned with jewelry (necklace, pendants

earrings) hair in embroidered Vopisthosphedoné, i^ Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory; to

the exergue, NEOPOAITHI. Didrachm (very beautiful drawing). JSl ^ ^/^ (pL lU). 15—30.

Donkey. coU. Wotoch.

364. — Head of a woman to the right, adorned with jewels in a very graceful, the curly hair is surrounded by a sphendoné.

^ Androcephalic bull on the right, slender in design, crowned by Victory. In the exergue, on a protruding base, NEO- POAITHI.

Didrachm (very beautiful drawing). iSL* */« (pi. Ul). 15—30.

Donkey. coll. Wotoch.

The copies of n<^ 363 and 364 that we have reproduced on plate III are so far the most beautiful pieces known from this period.

365. — Head of a woman to the right, of large size, adorned with bi*

jeux, curly hair and surrounded by a large headband; sometimes, behind, E*

206 NAPLES

i^ Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory; to Texergue, NEOPOAITHZ (sometimes on a salient basis) lante.

Didrachma. A * */î-5 (pi. ni). 15—40.

C. of France*, 7 gr. 45. — C. of Berlin (12-17), 7 gr. 35; 7 gr. 14;

6 gr. 75; 7 gr. 05; 7 gr. 51; 7 gr. 28. — C. of London, 7 gr. 47;

7 gr. 39; 7 gr. 16; 6 gr. 85. — C. of Naples8.7 gr. 15, etc. — C. of Glasgow, 7 gr. 29. — C. of Milan. — Santangelo (1123-26); on a copy of this collection on Ut on the APTEMI headband; but the letters seem to have been reworked after the fact. This room SB rarely found in good condition; copies to F. D. C, being given the beauty of the design, can fetch a high price. The example please da C. de France reproduced on pi. III is one of the most beautiful known.

366. — Same types; under the bull, N-

Didrachma. iSL * */2. 15—40.

G. of Glasgow, 6 gr. 58 (furred). — G. of Milan^ — G. of Berlin 7 gr. 41. — G. of France, 7 gr. 25 (c*).

367. — Head of a woman to the right, her hair surrounded by a wide band

water. i\ Androcephalous bull on left, crowned by Victory; to

rexergue NEOPOAITH. Didrachma. iSL * «/«. 20—40.

GoU. Sambon*, 7 gr. 32.

g) Around 330-320.

368. — Head of a woman slightly inclined forward, adorned with jewelry, wavy hairstyle surrounded by a headband, i^ Androcephalic bull to the right, head facing, crowned by a Victory that hovers in the air. In Texergue, NEO- POAITH!.

NAPLES 207

Didrachma. iSL**/«. 20—40.

C. of France*, 7 gr. 84.

II. — Didrachms with the head of Pallas

a) (around 450 BC).

369. — Head of Pallas to the right, wearing a helmet with a spherical cap

rique, without egret, decorated with olive tree; around the edge, NEOPO-

AITIKOW (retrograde). Granite. ^ Androcephalous bull walking towards the left. ; above

his head, a grasshopper. Retrograde legend, partly to

Texergue, the rest in front of the bull, J3-TIAOn03^\« Phocaean didrachm. Unique. iSi * */*-^. 300.

CoU. A. Evans, 7 gr. 55.

b) Around 430-420 BC. AD

370. — Head of Pallas to the right, wearing an Athenian helmet without

grette, decorated with olive tree; around the neck, 0(TÔ3VfJ. i( Bull with human face, left; above, On03W • Didrachm (lean style) (1). A *■* */*. 25—50.

C. of France, 7 gr. 55.

371. — Head of Pallas to the right, wearing an Athenian helmet decorated with

laurel; around the neck, OHOSM. Granite.

IH i^ Androcephalous bull standing left. ; above, ^EOPOAIT;

in Texergue, an ear of corn. Didrachma. iSL ^ (pi. III). 25-50.

C. of Berlin*, 7 gr. 58 and 7 gr. 59.

1. Compare with No. 273 (Gumes).

NAPLES

372. — Head of Pallas to the right, like that of the preceding number; au- neck circumference, On03M- Grènetis. i| Androcephalic bull to the right. ; above, an ear of corn; in Texergue,

On03M. Didrachma. jÇL ♦■». 25—50.

G. of Berlin (CoU. Fox), 7 gr. 59

373. — Head of Pallas to the right, like that of the previous n*; but without registration. Granite. i^ Bull with human face on left. Above, ^EOPOAITAZ in Doric dialect. Sometimes at the exergue, an ear.

Didrachma.

;ç^4-5i/t. 25—50.

G. of Berlin (Coll. Fox), 7 gr. 04 (ear in Texergue). — G. of Naples* (Santangelo), 7 gr. 35.

c) (415 — 380 BC). Imitation of Thurimn types.

374. — Head of Pallas, right, wearing an Athenian helmet with grette and decorated with an olive wreath. (Compare Celtic head with that of n* 334).

^ Androcephalous bull walking slowly towards the left, head (in profile) slightly inclined; above, NEOPO- HT; at the exergue, continuation of the legend, ^ (shell) a ; between the legs, AI*

KAt>LES 209

Didrachma. A * */2-5 (pi. III). 30-6().

C. of Berlio*, 7 gr. 53.

This currency is d*an ezquid design; this means that a copy impeccable conservation could far exceed the figure that we have set.

375. — Head of Pallas to the right, similar to that of the previous n*.

(Compare with the coins of the Samnites-Campanians). ^ Androcephalous bull going to the right, above, NEOPOPI-

TE^ ; between the legs, E (shell) M- Didrachma. Al * */*. 20—40.

c. from France (Luynes), 7 gr. 30. — Coll. Sambon (Paris), 7 gr. 47.

376. — Head of Pallas to the right. like that of the previous n*.

ij Androcephalous bull walking slowly towards the left. ; le- gende in boustrophedon, , above the tau- reau and exergue.

Didrachma. iSL*-s. 20-40.

c. of London (7), 7 gr. 28. — C. of Naples, 7 gr. 07.

377. — Head of Pallas to the right. wearing a helmet with a spherical cap

that decorated with a laurel branch on which perches

an owl. i{ Androcephalous bull walking slowly to the left;

above, NEOPOVM in the exergue, ÏHT. Didrachma. Ith.*-\ 30-60.

C. of Naples*, 7 gr. 79.

378. — Same head turned to the left. j{ Like that of the previous n®.

Didrachma. A*•^ 30—60.

C. of Naples (Santangelo), 6 gr.

379. Head of Pallas as in the previous n^.

^ Androcephalic bull walking to the left. Legend ^EOPOAI

J.H.T.

Didrachma. -R*-^ 20—40.

c. from Naples, 7 gr. 30 et al. Santaugeio (Fiorelli 885).

380. — Head of Pallas to the right. similar to those of the previous numbers, ij Androcephalous bull running impetuously to the right, the

210

NAPLia

\

}

bent leg; above, NEOPOUTE^. (Compare with the didrachms of Thurium by Histor). Didrachma. jR*-”. 20-40.

G. of Berlin, 7 gr. 11.

381. — Same types; retrograde inscription and boustrophedon,

TiAonoan

E$(6xerpe) '

Didrachma. A^^ 20-40.

G. of FraDce, 6 gr. 50 (lined), nice style.

NEOPOH

382. — Same types; inscription in boustrophedon, » ,

(l. to r.) above the bull and (r. to l.) at Texer- gue. Didrachma. HAS*-". 20-40.

G. of France, 6 gr. 05 (thick}.

383. — Same types. NEOPOAIT^ inscription.

Didrachma. /gi*-”. 20-40.

G. of Berlin, 7]gr. 30. — G. of Glasgow, 7 gr. 30. — G. of London (10), 7gr.07.

NEOPOAIT

384. — Same types. Registration xtovvjSov: H^^u-des-

2 iBL*-5. 20-40.

above and in front of the bull. Didrachma. Garracci.

385. — Same types. Inscription x, above and behind

laugh at the bull.

Didrachma. JR*-s (pi. III). 20-40.

G. of Berlin (Goll. Imboof-Blumer}, 7 gr. 43.

NAPLES

211

386. — Same types. InscribeUoa NEOPOAIT^ j,^ g^^g j^ ^^^ j^

M under the bull's bent leg. Didrachma. iSL^s. 20—40.

G. of London (9), 7 gr. 51.

387. — Same types. Inscription JIA0n03(M)^ y^^ behind, the

M between the bull's legs. Didrachma.

G. of France (Luynes), 7 gr. 60.

iÇL*-5. 20-50.

388. — Head of Pallas to the right. (Compare with the currencies of Samnites-Campanians).

^ Androcephalous bull standing left. ; registration

above the bull and at Texergue. Didrachma.

Coll. Maddalena*, 7 gr. 14.

yEOPOAl H T'

iÇL*-5. 20-40.

d) Coins of the Pallas type^ of summary style; counterfeits Samnites or works of ancient forgers.

389. — Head of Pallas to the right, wearing an decorated Athenian helmet

olive tree, i^ Androcephalous bull to the right, “procumbens”; left leg

(ant.) inflected. Above, ^EOPUTE^; in Texergue, a

fish. Didrachma. A. 15—30.

Garrucci.

390. — Head of Pallas to the right, as before.

i^ Androcechal bull running to the right, right leg flexed

212

NAPLES

shit. Above WEOrOmTE^(l) or ^E0P0UT^(2); to the exergue, dauphin. Didrachma. A. 45—30.

(1) G. of France, 7 gr. — (2) Donkey. coll. Bompois, 7 gr. 35.

391. — Head of Pallas to the right, as before.

1^ Androcephalous bull running to the right, left leg flexed

A^EPOHT.

shit; above and in front, 3

(dupkii) ^

Didrachma. here. 15 — 30.

C. of London, 7 gr. 45. See the obols with NE PO (n<>" 414 and 416).

392. — Head of Pallas to the right, as before; behind, a

globule. ^ Androcephalous bull standing, right. ; above, TH^^E-

noAi.

393

Didrachma.

Coll. Maddalena*, 7 gr. 44.

iSL. 15—30.

393. — Head of Pallas to the right.

1^ Androcephalic bull running to the right, left leg flexed shit; above, MEOPOUT^. Very barbaric style didrachm. i^. 15 — 30.

Coll. Sambon* (Paris), filled. —Garelli.

e) Head of Pallas. i^ Victory crowning the androcephalous bull

(Circa 340).

394. Head of Pallas to the right, wearing an Athenian helmet with an egret, decorated with an olive wreath on which perches a owl. ^ Androcephalous bull to the right, head facing, crowned by

NAPLES

213

a Victory flying above him; in Texergue, NEO- POA... Didrachma. j^, 100—150.

G. of Naples*, 6 gr. 70.

395. — Head of Pallas to the right, as in the previous ù*».

^ Androcephalous bull on the left, head facing, crowned by a Victory flying above him; in Texergue, A^EOrOAIT.

Didrachma. jç^.

Donkey. neck. Garrucci.

mr. — Didrachmas of the type of Thippokoiitist of Taranto.

396. — Laureate head of Apollo to the right, curly hair; in front,

NEOPO. Granite. i^ Hippokontist on a horse galloping towards the right, throwing

from the hand of dr. a javelin; he has a naked body, a coat short attached to the shoulder floats in the wind. Didrachma. JR.” 300.

C. of Naples* (CoU. Santangelo), 2 ex. doat a foarré.

Fiorelli {Oss, 1843, pi. I, 3) published a similar currency on which he read the Oscan letters, probably 8E instead of NE* Millingen (Cens, p. 131) attributes these pieces to Tan 328 BC. AD (Gfr. Livy, Vlll, 27). Compare number 427.

!5

214 NAPLES

iV. — Obols and subdivisions of the 1st period (c. 450-327).

a) Types of Gumes (450 — around 380). — (Corinthian helmet or Iete of Pallas with Corinthian helmet. — Bivalve shell. — Dolphin and wheel).

S97. — Head of Pallas to the right, wearing a Corinthian helmet; in front, ^E (a) or behind, M (*)• Circle. 1^ Bivalve shell (point on left); above, tf. Granite. Obol. HAS". 10—20.

(a) C. of Naples (Fiorelli, 969), 0 gr. 52. — (6) C. of France, 0 gr. 57.

398. — Corinthian helmet (visor k right). Circle.

^ Bivalve shell (point on left); above, H {a) or NE{à).

1/6 of an obol. HAS*/". 10-20.

(a) Coll. Santangelo, Fiorelli (mon. ined. I, 3), 0 gr. 10. — (6) C. of France, 0 gr. 07.

399. — Head of a woman to the right, her hair surrounded by a band. i\ Shell (tip to the right); above, ^E*

1/6 of an obol. R.^/K 10-20.

C. of London, 0 gr. 09.

400. — Head of Pallas to the right, wearing the Athenian helmet. ^ Shell (point on left); above, ^EO- Grenetis. 1/6 of an obol.

C. of France (Luynes), 0 gr. 10.

401. — Dolphin to the right.

i^ Wheel; globules in the interstices. 1/4 of an obol. JSL*/^. 10—15.

C. of London, 0 gr. 14.

402. — Head of Pallas to the right.

^ Wheel with globules in the cantons.

1/4 of an obol, iSL*/*. 5—15.

G. of London, 0 gr. *16. — Excavations of Piedimonte d'Alife (Dressel, Hisl.elc, Auf8(U»e fur E. Curliuf^ 1884.\ 0 gr. 20, 0 gr. 123 (c«) and 0 gr. 10.

NAPLES 215

b) Types of Sicilian origin (450 — around 360). Prolomed from the tau- androcephalic water (Gela) — X and legend (Eryx).

403. — Head of Pallas to the right, wearing a Corinthian helmet; in front, 3li; behind, O- Sometimes gritted or circle. i| Anterior part of the androcephalic bull, right, in the swimming attitude (see Gela's lilrae). The cut of the body is decorated with globules (i); legend: n03N (the N au- top of the bull; 03 in front and n below). Obol. iSL^ 10—20.

G. of London (16), 0 gr. 53. — G. of France* (Luynes), 0 gr. 70.

397 404

404. — Same types; before the head of Pallas, 3^; behind, O; siu

^9 03V\ (the N behind, EO in front of the bull's head). Circle on both sides.

Obol; HAS*. 10-20.

G. of London (17), 0 gr. 61.

405. — Same types; in front of Pallas' head, 3^t behind, O;

at 1^, above9 the protome of the androcephalous bull, traces of inscription (NEO or UEO?) Obol. Ai-**/MO— 20.

G. of Berlin*, 0 gr. 62.

406. — Head of Pallas to the right, as in the previous number; of-

before » 3M ; behind, O. i^ Anterior part of the androcephalic bull on the left; at^

above, ^; front, 3 (3M)- Obol. A4-»*/î. 10-20.

G. of London (19), 0 gr. §7.

1. Cf. Calpurnius Nemesiantis, Bucol. Ed. y Vl, 40-41: a dorso quae ioium cir- cooked aNum. Alternat vitreas lateralis cingula bal las.

i

216 NÀPLEà

407. — Same types; behind Pallas's head, O (03>A). I*as

registration at ij. Obol. iSLi-i4/MO-20.

C. of London (18) » 0 gr. 61.

408. — Same head of Pallas to the right. No registration.

v(Protome of the androcephalous bull on the right. No information scripture. Obol. A*. 10—20.

C. of London, Ogr. 61.

409. — Head of Pallas to the right, more advanced in style, topped with

Corinthian helmet with double neck covering, from which escape long hair. Around, 03(M) or NEO*

i| Protome of the androcephalous bull, left; above,

0J03^.

Obol. At-n/î. 10—20.

C. of Berlin (136)% 0 gr. 65.

440. — Head of Nymph to right. ; behind, A*

T^ Anterior part of the androcephalic bull to the right, in

Swimming attitude; on his shoulder perches a bird

(heron?) preening; above, NE; below,

remains of letters.

Obol. iBL* */«. 20-30.

C. of London (21), 0 gr. 65.

411. — Head of Pallas to the right, wearing an Athenian helmet

fins, ij Protome of the androcephalic bull on the left; above, NEOP.

Obol. Jçii-4 */«. 10—20.

G. of London (97), 0 gp. 54. — Avellino, Op., II, 3, 6.

412. — Head of Pallas to the right. (severe style) wearing a helmet

Athenian with crescent and decorated with laurel.

NAPLES 217

^ Proiomé of the androcephalous bull, right. No ins- scripture. Obol. il*. 10—20.

G. of London, 0 gr. 53.

413. — Head of Pallas on the right, of an even more recent style, with headdress

of the Athenian helmet with egret and decorated with laurel. i{ Protome of the bull androcep. to the right; above/on03>A* Obole or litra? JSi* */*. 5-15.

G. of London, 0 gr. 63 and 0 gr. 53. — Excavations at PiedimoDte d’Alife

(Dressel), 0 gr. 65.

414. — Same types. Registration: NEOP or NEOPO {to) or

NEPOW. Obole or litra? HAS * */*. 5—10.

(a) G. de Berlia (138), 0 gr. 61. — G. of Glasgow, 0 gr. 63. — G. of London (95), 0 gr. 70. — (b) G. of France, 0 gr. 12.

415. — Same types of summary style, sometimes the helmet of

Pallas without the olive garland. Obole or litra? iS. * */«. 5-10.

G. of Berlin (137), 0 gr. 54. — G. of France (Luynes), 0 gr. 78.

416. — Same types; but Pallas's head is turned to the left.

At the i^ NEOP. Obole or litra? HAS**/*.

Garelli, LXXII, 2.

417. _ Same types (good style); but the head of Pallas is

right, while the bull's head is turned to left. Registration: NEOPO or On03M. Obole or litra? iS. * */*. 5—15.

G. of France (Luynes), 0 gr. 56. — G. of Naples (Santangelo) 896.

418. — Head of Pallas to the right, wearing an Athenian helmet.

ï{ Protome of the androcephalic bull on the right. Registration: ÎTOAITE

G n

^N"

Ob^e or litra. Al* *^*- 15-30.

G. of London (94), 0 gr. 74. Compare with nos. 560-562.

419. — Head of Pallas to the right, wearing an Athenian helmet.

218 NAPLES

i^ The letters NE separated by the sigae

a mark of value (hemiobolus). 1/2 obol. A«/6. 15—30.

C. of Berlin, Ogr. 28. — Miaerviai {Buil, Arch. Nap,, VI, lav.VII, 5)

c) (Circa 400—380). — Taurus nndroeepbale crown by Victory.

420. — Nymph's head to the right, hair tied with a headband. ^ Androcephalous bull walking to the right and crowned

by Victory hovering in the air. Under the bull, vestige of letters; in the epigraph, IA0n03N. Obol. JSi«» 3/*. 30-50.

C. of Berlin (i4i), 0 gr. 63.

d) (Circa 380-340). — Types imitated from Terina.

421. — Nymph's head to the right, aunt's tlôf hair; in front,

^EOPOAITHI.

i^ Nymph seated left, holding a caduceus (?) in her hand g. lowered and a crown (?) from the right hand. placed on the knee.

Obol or liira. A'-»V». 15-40.

G. of Berlin (450-152), 0 gr. 73; 0 gr. 65; 0 gr. 50 (c«). — C. of France, 0 gr. 74 et al. Luynes, 0 gr. 70. — C. of Naples Some Authors have wrongly described Avcrit's head as that of Hercules.

422. — Head of a young river god, right, a horn on the forehead and

a band around the hair. \u perimeter, ^ EP

El 00 S (starting near the lips and ending below the chin).

1. See on the sign X the observations of Fricdl&nder (Osk, MUnzen, p. 27) and by Dressel {Hist. und pkiL Aufsdtze filr E Cw^tins, p. 252). We find this sign on coins from Auifae and Fistclia; but already before, in Sicily, on currencies of Eryx.

NAPLES 219

^ Winged nymph, seated, right, on an overturned urn, wings spread, turning and raising the head; around the edge, N EO ALL $ (starting near the wing, left)

Obol. iS.i-i3/4. 15_40.

C. of Naples 0 gr. 61 et al. Saataogelo (895), 0.67 and 0.13. — C. of Berliu* (153-155), 0 gr. 66; 0 gr. 62 el 0 gr. 50 (c*). - Donkey. Coll. Gar- rucci. — PhUipseD.O gr. 58. — The letter ^EPEIOO^ was read correctly for the first time by Garrucci, Bull, Arch, Nap.^ 1852, no. 3. The legend is almost always erased or off the blank.

e) (Circa 350 — 340). — Types imitated from the coins of Acarnania.

423. — Beardless, laureate virile head (Apollo?), right.

i{ Frontal head of the androeephale bull (the Acheloos), the

horns adorned with strips (infulae); above, NEO- Obote. HAS*. 15—40.

G. of Berlin (142), 0 gr. 68. — Coll. Santangelo (Naples), 920-921.

424. — Same types; inscription^ NE.

Obol. HAS"/*. 15—40.

G. of London (44), 0 gr. 67. Avellino, Op., III, pi. 3, n. 8.

425. — Same types, without inscription; the horns of Acheloos

devoid of strips. Obol. HAS". 15-40.

G. of London (45), 0 gr. 59.

426. — Same types; behind Apollo's head and above

that of Acheloos, an Obol. JSl*. 15-40.

G. of Naples. Garelli, LXXX, 144.

f) (Verses 340-327). - Types imitated from Taranto.

427. — Laureate hairless virile head (Apollo) on left; sometimes behind-

riere, O (very graceful style). Grenelis. (Compare with didrachm to the type of Ihippokontiste, n° 396). ij Hercules on his knees, right. (both knees on the ground), hug holding in his arms the neck of the lion who tries to bite him; in the field, the club; around the edge, NEOnOAITHN (the last letlro in Texergue).

220 NAPLE8

Obol. HAS**". 5—15.

C. of Berlin* (148), 0 gr. 59.

428. — Same head to the right, different style.

1^ Hercules kneeling left (both knees on the ground) hugged

hindering the lion. Obol. HAS*-* */". 5-15.

G. of Berlin (147), 0 gr. 59. — C. of London (140, 0 gr. 59.

429. — Hairless virile head to right. (massive neck, energetic features,

short hair surrounded by a laurel wreath — Hercules?); sometimes, behind the neck, A*

v{ Hercules on his knees, right, (both knees on the ground), stre- glant the lion; in the field, the club; around the edge, NEOrOAITON.

Obol (pretty style). A** */t. 5-15.

C. of Berlin (145), 0 gr. 56 and (146), 0 gr. 44. — G. of France (Luynes). 0 gr. 70.

430. — Laureate hairless virile head, to the right; in front^ sometimes,^. .i{ Hercules on his knees^to the right, (only the right knee on the ground)^

hugging the lion; in the field, the club; around the edge, NEOrOAlinN. Obol. jSLi */«. 5-15.

G. of Berlin (144), 0 gr. 51. — Phllipsen, 0 gr. 50.

431. — Laureate hairless head to right; in front, NEOPOAITON. ^ NEOn Hercules Choking the Lion; to you NV*

Obol. JSii */*. 5—15,

Sambon collection, 0 gr. 53. •» Milllogeo, Ane. Gr, CoinSf pi. 1, 6.

432. — Same head to the right. Large grits.

^ 3kl Hercules on his knees, right, strangling the lion; in the

field, the club. Obole (summary style). jçii i/«, 5—15,

C. of France (Luynes), 0 gr. 52.

433. — Hairless virile head Left. ; behind, an olive shoot

(compare with number 337). i^ Hercules on his knees to the right, suffocating the lion; around the edge, disfigured inscription iS^OAIIIA^I (summary style).

NAPLES

221

Obol.

A* */î. 5-15.

C. of Berlin (149), 0 gr. 48.

434. — Head, left. ; sometimes, behind, Y. Grènetis.

^ Hercules on his knees to right. (behind, club) suffocating the lion.

Around the edge, (NEjOPOAIT. Granite. Obol. Al i/i. 5—15.

C. of FraDce (Luynes), 0 gr. 50. — C. of Naples, 1098 and Santangelo,

917. — C. of London (138 and 139), 0 gr. 56 and 0 gr. 38.

SECOND PERIOD

(325 — around 241 BC).

The “Foedus Neapolitanum”. — Maritime trade and rela- tions with Sicily. — Apogee of graceful style. — Quick de- artistic cadence.

I. > Didrachms of the type of the Nymph's head turned to the right.

(Circa 325-280)

435. — Head of a woman to the right, curly hair surrounded by a

headband (nice style, fine features, tapered neck); behind, a

bunch of grapes; under the neck, an ear of corn, ^ Androcephalous bull walking right, head facing,

crowned by Victory hovering in the air; under the

bull, an ivy leaf\ in Texergue, NEOPOAITHI.

Didrachma. - N.^ */«. (pi. III). 10—30.

C. of London (u* 49), 7 gr. 48. — G. of Glasgow (19), 7 gr. 49. —

C. of Milan, 7 gr. 48. — Carelli (Avellino, Adn., no. 100), 7 gr. 44.

436. — Same types and same legend; behind the head of the

Nymph, a bunch of grapes. No symbol at i{. Didrachma. HAS* */*. 5—15.

Coll. Sambon. — C. of France, 7 gr. 45.

437. — Head of a woman to the right, similar to those of nos. 4:15 and 436

(fine and mannered features, with a gracious smile); der- behind, a bunch of grapes; under the neck, AI0AN0Y2, in very small print.

222

NAPLES

^ Androcephalous bull on the right, crowned by Victory; to the exergue, NEoPOAITHI {a) or NEOPOAITHn {sic) (b).

Didrachma. iSL* */*. 5—15.

(a) C. of France, 7 gr. 55. — C. of Glasgow (15), 7 gr. 35. — G. of Naples, 7 gr. 30 and 7 gr. 47. — (6) C. of Naples (Saolangelo).

438. — Same types; same symbol. Under the neck of the Nymph, AIOANOYZ; on the reverse, under the bull, the monogram. p (n and A); in Texergue, NEOPOAITHI {a) or NEOPO- AITHn (sic) (6). Didrachma. iÇL* W2. 5—15.

(a) C. de Berlio (30 and 31), 7 gr. 48 and 7 gr. 59. — C. of London (47), 7 GP. 56. — C. of Naples. — Coll. SanlaDgelo (984). — C. of Glasgow, 6 gr. 83. — (b) C. of Naples (Santangelo}, 974.

439. — Same types; the name AI0c|)AN0Y2 tnanque.

Didrachma.

c. from France*, 7 gr. 33.

jSl**/2. 5-15.

440. — Same types; same symbol. Under the neck of the Nymph,

AIOOANOYZ; on the reverse, under the bull, AI; front, OE; in Texergue, NEOPOAITHZ or NEOPOAITflN (Carelli). Didrachma. JSL* '/*. 5—15.

G. of Naples (Santangelo), 975, 976.

441. — Same types; same symbol. Missing the name AIOA-

N0Y2. At i^, under the laurel, AI; front, OE; in Texergue, NEOPOAITHI (a) or NEOPOniTHI {sic) {b), Didrachma. iSL* «/2. 5_20.

(a) C. of Glasgow (36d, 7 gr. 17. — (b) C. of France, 7 gr. 20. — C. of Naples (Santangelo), 977-8.

4i2. — Head of a woman on the right, similar to that of nos. 435-441; behind, a bunch of grapes; under the neck, NEOPOAITHZ. i^ Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory; to rexergue, NEOPOAITHI-

NAPLES 223

Didrachma. f^* 1/2. 20—30.

C. of London (46), thicket. — Carelli, LXXVI, 79.

443. — Same types; same symbol. Under the neck of the Nymph.

NEOPOAI; on the reverse, under the bull, PA in monogram; to Texergue, NEOPOAITHd). Didrachma. iïL* «/^ 20—30.

C. of Naples (Santaagelo, 973), 7 gr. 12.

444. — Same types; same symbol. Under the neck of the Nymph,

NEOPOAIT; on the reverse, under the bull, p; in Texergue, NEOPOAITAI. Didrachma. /SL* */i. 20-30.

G. of Berlin (29), 6 gr. 94.

445. — Same types; same symbol. Under the neck of the Nymph,

NEOPOA?; on the reverse, under the bull, PA in ligature, in the exergue, (NEOP)OAITEZ or NEOPOAITfîN. Didrachma. iSL* «/«. 20—30.

G. of Naples (SaDtangelo), 985 and 986.

4i6. — Head of a woman to the right, similar to the previous ones, but larger dimension; behind, a bunch of grapes; under the neck, O- i^ Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory;

under the bull, O; in Texergue, NE0P0AITH2. Didrachma. iS.* »/«. 5—20.

c. of Naples (SaataDgelo) 979-80, 7 gr. 38. — G. of London (54), 7 gr. 17. — G. of France, 7 gr. 10.

447. — Head of a woman to the right, adorned with jewels, hair

buckled and girded with a headband; behind, a canthare,

often under the neck, AI* 1^ Androcephalous bull on the right, crowned by Victory which

hovers in the air; in Texergue, under a beaded line,

NEOPOAITH2 in the first small print. Didrachma. A* V2. 3—15.

G. of London (50), 7 gr. 35. - G. of Berlin (32-34), 7 gr. 45;

7 gr. 10 (furred); 7 gr. 47. -- G. of Naples (1008-9). — Coll. Santan-

gelo (945-58). — G. of Milan, 6 gr. 78. - G. of Glasgow (20), 7 gr. 18.

— G. of France, 7 gr. 35. — Garelli, LXXVI, 80.

4i8. — Head of a woman on the right, like that of the previous number; but

224 • NAPLES

slightly different in design; behind, an eagle; under the

neck, AI; in front, a crown. i\ Androcephalous bull on the right, crowned by Victory which

hovers in the air; below, a dolphin] in front, AOî

in Texergue, NEOrOAITHL Didrachma. iÇi**/^3-15.

C. of Berllu (35-36), 7 gr. 20 and 7 gr. 41. — G. of London (55),

7 gr. 50. — C. of Naples (1058). — Coll. Sanlangelo (936-66), 7 gr. 52 etc.

— G. of Milan, 7 gr.43. — C. of France, 7 gr. (c*). — Carelli, LXXIV, 60.

449. — Head of a woman to the right, similar to that of the previous number; behind, pileus; often in front, H or 2H (Carelli). ^ Androcephalous bull on the right, crowned by Victory which

hovers in the air; below, ^ (a) or 'f [à) or H^ (c);

in the exergue, NEOnOAITHI and sometimes, NEOrOAITfin.

Didrachma. iÇL* «'2. 3—15.

[a) G. of London (76), 7 gr. 47. — C. of Naples. — Coll. Santangelo

(994-99). — (6) G. of France, 7 gr. 40. — C. of Berlin r54), 7 gr. 21.

— C. of London (77), 6 gr. 95. — (c) C. of Berlin (35), 7 gr. 12.”

450. — Head of a woman to the right, similar to that of the previous n**.

No symbol.

ij Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory which hovers in the air; between the legs of the bull, OA YM PI; in Fexergue, NEOPOAITHI.

Didrachma. N^^ »/2. 5—20.

C. of London (53) thicket. — C. of Naples (1035-36). — Coll. San- tangelo (1093-94). — C. of Berlin (37), 7 gr. 39. — C. of France, 7 gr. 15 (furred).

451. — Head of a woman to the right, like that of the previous number, but

different in style; under the neck, OA- ij Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory;

between the legs, O AY M; in Texergue, NEOPOAITHI. Didrachma. i^* */*. 5—20.

NAPLES

2â5

C. of London (51), 6 gr. 98. — C. of Naples ({037-38). — Coll. Santangelo (1095). — G. of France, 7 gr. 10. — Carelli, LXXIII, 40.

452. — Woman's sheet metal on the right, similar to that of No. 449; behind,

AE. ^ Androcephalous bull on the right, crowned by Victory;

under the bull, AI; in Texergue, NEOPOAITHZ. Didrachma. JÇL* V2. 5—15.

c. of London (56), 7 gr. 61. — C. of Naples (Sautangelo), 1091-2.

453. — Head of a woman to the right, adorned with jewels^ similar to that

of the previous number. 1^ Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory;

under the bull, a; in the exergue, NEOPOAITfîN. Didrachma. iSl* V^-s. 5—15.

C. of Berlin (72), 7 gr. 32.

454. — Head of a woman to the right, similar to the previous one, but

larger dimension; behind, a bunch of grapes. ^ Androcephalous bull on the right, crowned by Victory; to

Texergue^ NEOPOAIT... (To compare with n® 446.) Didrachma. iîL* «/^-s 5—15.

C. of Berlin (66), 7 gr. 52.

455. — Head of a woman to the right, almost identical to the previous one;

around, four dolphins chasing each other (this guy is copied from the coins of Syracuse). Granite.

i^ Androcephalous bull to the right^ crowned by Victory which hovers in the air; in the exergue, NEOPOAITHI (“) or^ NEOnOAITfîN {to).

Didrachma. B.^ ^-i/î, 5^15.

(a) Philipseu, 6 gr. 94. — (6) C. of Berlin 116-119), 7 gr. 30; 7 gr. 48; 7 gr. 52; 7 gr. 42. — G. of London (9), 7 gr. — G. of Glasgow (74), 7 gr. 18. — C. of Naples 988-89 et Coll. Sautangelo, 922-26. — Hole- value of Benevento (Evans), 7 gr. 28. — C. of France.

226 NAPLES

456. — Same types as in the previous n*; under the bull, AI;

in front, ©E; in Texergue, NEOrOAITHI or NEOPOAI-

THN (Carelli). Didrachrae. iSL* W^-s 1/2. 5—15.

C. of France, 7 gr. 17 and Luynes, 7 gr. 55. — C. of Berlin (106-8), 7 gr. 41; 7 gr. 52; 7 gr. 53. — C. of Naples 990 elSantnngclo, 927.

457. — Same types; under the bull, only OE; in Texergue,

NEOnOAITON.

Didrachma. jçi* «/^-s. 5—15.

C. of France. — C. of Berlin (109-110). 7 gr. 37; 7 gr. 36. — C. of

London (89), 7 gr. 34. — C. of Glasgow (75 and 76), 6 gr. 89 and 7 gr. 53.

— G. of Naples (Coll. Santangelo) 928-33. — Find of Benevento

(Evans), 7 gr. 32.

458. — Same types; under the bull, OYIA (Wou); in Texergue,

NEOPOAITflN.

Didrachma. A* «/«-s 1/2 (pi. III). 5—15.

C. of France, 7 gr. 25. — C. of Berlin (111-115), 7 gr. 28; 7 gr. 51 ;• 7 gr. 52; 7 gr. 50. — G. of London (90 and 91), 7 gr. 75 and 7 gr. — C. of Glasgow (77 and 78), 6 gr. 94. — C. of Naples, 991. — Coll. San- tangelo (934-44). — Coll. Sambou (2 ex. with traces of another legend erased on the corner itself), 7 gr. 25 and 7 gr. 50.

459. — Same types; under the bull, the name OutXXiou in two

boustrophedon lines: qy! A ' ^ ^'®^®^8U®> NEOPO AITÛN-

-Didrachma. ^^, 20—40.

Imhoof-Blumer, Wiener Numism. Zeilschr, XVIII (1886), p. 227 f.

460. — Head of a woman right, diademed, curly hair;

behind, a small statue of Artemis, facing, holding each hand a torch; under the neck, APTEMI or APTE (ApTîiJL{oj or better ApiefAiScipou). Granite.

i^ Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory; under the bull, N or M; âi 1 exergue, NEOnOAITnN(a) or NEnPOAITnN(ô) (The didr. with FNAIOY also have NEfinOAITHN).

Didrachma. iiii* */2-5. 5-20.

(a) G. of London, 7 gr. 40. — G. of Naples (1056). —Goll. Santan^ gclo (1065-66;. — G. of Glasgow (24 cl 25), 7 gr. 46 and 7 gr. 26. — Trouvaille de Bénévebt (Evans), 7 gr. 33. — G. de France (Luynes), 7 gr. 02. — (6) G. of France, 7 gr. 28. — G. of Berlin (39 and 40), 7 gr. 25; 7 gr. 27. — There is a Becker corner.

NAPLES

227

46i. — Same types; under the head, APTEMI; on the reverse, under the bull, 0È and in the exergue, NEOrOAITHN. Didrachma. iÇL* */2. 3—15.

C. of London, 7 gr. 25. — Find of Béuéveut (Evans), 7 gr. 32. — Coins no. 460 and 461 were F. D. C. in the find of benevolence described by. Evans (Horscnien of Tarentam App. A.)i Evaas believes that this treasure was buried around 310 BC. AD; I propose the first years of the 12th century, that is to say during the war between Rome and the Samnites, and the invasion of Samnium from 294 to 291 av. AD

462. — Same types and same symbol; under the sheet metal, APTE or APTE; on the reverse, under the bull, TTYT in ligature; to the exergue, NEOnOAITHN.

462

Didrachma. ^* *!'. 3-15.

c. from Berlin (41), 7 gr. 34. — G. of Naples (1039-1040). — Coll. Sau-

tangclo (1063). — C. of France, 7 gr. 42. — C. of Glasgow (26), 7^r. 33.

463. — Head of a woman similar to that of the preceding number; under the

neck, APTEM, APTEMI or APTEMI A; behind, an ossicle.

1^ Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory; under the bull, OE; in Texergue, NEOrOAITflN.

Didrachma. ^* */*-^ 3-15.

c. of London (58), 7 gr. 25. — G. of Naples (1022). — Coll. San- langelo (989-91). — Coll. Sambon*. — Garrucci read on an example please from his collection APTEMlOYî I doubt the accuracy of this reading.

464. — Head of a woman similar to that of the preceding number;

behind, an ossicle, i\ Androcephalic bull on the right, beating the side of its tail,

crowned by Victory hovering in the air. In Texergue,

NEOrOAITflN. Didrachma. ^* */2. 3—15.

G. of Berlin (63), 7 gr. 43. — Philipsen, 7 gr. 14.

â28 NAPLES

465. — Head of a woman to the right. (small and meticulously drawn); der-

back, statuette (Artemis running to the right, holding both hands a torch; under the neck, rAPME(vtSo^)t in very small print and following the edge of the neck cut. i^ Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory which hovers in the air. Under the bull, there is a bee, according to the exergue,

NEOnOAITHN.

Didrachma. JÇL* V^ (pi. 111). 10-30.

C. from France, 6 gr. 9!. — C. of London (13), 7 gr. 41. — C. of

Berlin (42 and 43), 7 gr. 04 and 7 gr. 33. — C. of Glasgow (39), 7 gr. i6.

— Trouvaille de Bénévent (T. B.), 7 gr. 15. — C. of Naples, Coll.

Santangelo (107i-3). — Philipscn, 7 gr. 02.

466. — Head of a woman to the right, (very small, features excessively

fine, mannered style); behind, a statuette of Artemis running to the right. and holding a torch; under the neck, XAPh

i^ Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory which hovers in the air; under the bull, MT (in ligature); in exergue, NEoroAITHN.

Didrachma. f^^ */«. 5—20.

C. of France, 7 gr. 33. — C. of Berlin (48), 7 gr. Oi. — C. of London (80), 7 gr. 38. — C. of Naples (1051). — Coll. Santangelo (1080). — C. de Giaegow (40) thicket. — C. of Milan, 7 gr. 22.

467. — Head of a woman to the right, similar to the previous one; behind,

a canthara; below the neck, XA (a) or XAPI (^)*

1^ Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory; sometimes under the bull, K (very small). In Texergue, NEOrOAITHN.

Didrachma. iÇL* */« (pi. III). 5-20.

(a) G. of London (82), 7 gr. 52. — C. of Berlin (49) 7 gr. 02. —

C. of Glasgow (45), 7 gr. 45. — C. of France, 7 gr. 40. — (6) C. of

Milan, 7 gr. 47. — C. of Naples, 1006-7 et Coll. Santangelo (959-62).

— C. of London (81), 7 gr. 20. — C. of Glasgow (43), 7 gr. 36.

NAPLES 229

468. — Head of a woman to the right, behind, a cantharus; under the neck,

(X)AP|. ^ Androcephalic bull k left, crowned by Victory;

under the bull, AOY (the Loukies bone; cfr. n* 483). Didrachma. , iSL* */«. 8—20.

C. of Berlin (73), 6 gr. 38 (furred).

469. — Head of a woman to the right, similar to the previous one; behind,

an ossicle; under the neck X (a) or XAPIAE {to) or XAPIAEfl (c). ^ Androcephalous bull on the right, crowned by Victory;

under the bull, K; in Texergue, NEoPoAITON- Didrachma. JSL* */*. 5 -20.

(a) C. of Berlin (51 and 52), 7 gr. 21 and 7 gr. 34. - C. of Glasgow (42), 7 gr. 28, — (6) G. of France, 7 gr. 20. - C. of Glasgow (41), 7 gr. 19. — (c) C of Milan, 7 gr.36. — Carelli has it on two copies (LXXV, 70 and 73; p. 24 and Adn.)j XAPIAEnZ*

470. — Head of a woman to the right. ; behind, a canthara; under the neck,

Al or AI. j( Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victoice;

under the bull, Bl; in the exergue, NEOrOAIT(nN). Didrachma. A* ^/*. 5—15.

G. of Berlin (50), 5 gr. 86 (furred). — C. of Glasgow (22), 7 gr. 26.'

— Carelli, LXXVII, 100. DNA. 77 and 78, weight 7 gr. 39 and 7 gr. 49.

471. — Same types; behind the head, an amphora. Didrachma. A* »/2. 5—15.

G. of Glasgow (23), 6 gr. 94.

472. — Head of a woman to the right. ; behind, a bunch of grapes;

in front of XA in ligature or under the neck, 2TA. (We sup- established a concordance between the symbol (oraipuXiQ) and the name 2TA-** which is more of an Oscan name).

^ Androcephalous bull on the right, crowned by Victory which hovers in the air; sometimes, under the bull, K or YA (?) in ligature.

Didrachma. A* */î-s. 5-20.

G. of Berlin (44 and 45), 7 gr. 38 and 7 gr. — C. of Naples (1003-1005).

—Goll. Saalaagelo (981-83). — C. of Milan, 7 gr. 31. — C. de Glas- gow (27), 7 gr. 36. — G. of France, 7 gr.

16

230

NAPLES

473. — Head of a woman to the right. ; devaut, ^ ; behind, a statuette

(VArtemis running to the right and holding a torch in front of her.

ï{ Androcephalous bull on the right, crowned by Victory; under the bull, P; in the exergue, NEOPOAITflN.

Didrachma. ^iS.**/^-«. 3-15.

C. of London (60), 7 gr. 22. - G. of Berlin (53), 1 gr. 29. — C. of Naples (1023-4). — CoU. Sanlaagelo (1074-78). - The G. of Berlin pos- sedes a copy to this type bearing a strong impression of a hallmark rectangular which contains the letters 3A0-

474. — Same types; in front of the head, A or >P; behind, a horn

abundance (a) or a griffin [b). \u reverse, under the tau- water, p. Didrachma. A* */^ 3—15.

(a) C. of London (61), 7 gr. 41. — C. of Naples (1025-6) and Coll. Santangelo (1000-3). — (6) C. of France 7 gr. 37.

475. — Head of a woman to the right. ; before /P; behind, a club.

i{ Androcephalous bull on the right, crowned by Victory;

under the bull, 0; in Texergue, NEOPOAITriN. Didrachma. ^* '^'^ 3-15.

c. of London (59), 7 gr. 20. - G. de BerUn (58), 7 gr. 27. T.B -

C. of Naples, (1018), Fiorelli read: XAP. - Find of Benevento

(Evans), 7 gr. 35.

476. — Head of a woman to the right. ; behind, X or X-

i^ Androcephalous Bull on the right, crowned by Victory; under the bull, 0; in the exergue, NEOPOAITON on a protruding base.

Didrachma. Al* V^. 3-15.

C. of BerliQ (62), 7 gr. 07. - C. of London (69), 7 gr. 34. - C. of Naples (1019 21). — Coll. Sautaogelo (1081-85). — Find of Béné- wind (Evans) T. B, 7 gr. 25.

477. -^ Head of a woman on the right.” behind,

NAPLES 231

ij Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory;

under the bull, EYZ or EY5; in Texergue, NEOnOAITHN.

Didrachma. iSL*

C. of London (67-69), 7 gr. 20; 5 gr. 14 (furred); 7 gr. 35. — C. of BerltQ (60-61), 7 gr. 48 and 7 gr. — G. of Naples (1041-45). — Coll. Santangelo (1086-90). — C. of Glasgow (35), 7 gr. 33. — G. of France, 7 gr. 40; 7 gr. 38. Luynee, 7 gr. 20.

478. — Woman's TV on the right; behind, an ossicle; in front, the mo-

nogr. ï(. i^ Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory;

under the bull, |^; in Texergue, NEOPOAITON* Didrachma. A* */^ 3—15.

G. de Napies (1052-55), Fiorelli Interprets the monograph. sometimes KAPE » Soon a<. —Goll. Santangelo (992). -r G. of Berlin (57), 7 gr. 54, Dressel reads 3(< — G. of London (72), 6 gr. 96. — G. of Milan, 6 gr. 82.

479. — Head of a woman to the right. (very late style); behind, sta-

Tuette of Pallas Promachos from the front. ^ Androcephalous bull on the right, crowned by Victory; to

the exergue, NEOPOAITON.

Didrachma. iÇL* «/«. 5—20.

G. of Naples (989-99). —Goll. Santangelo, 7 gr. 32. — G. of France, 7 gr. 35 (Wadd.). - Garelîi (Adn., p. 25, n» 113), 7 gr. 18.

479 bis. — Woman's sheet metal on the right. ; behind, a rooster on the left.

T^ Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory;

below, A* Didrachma. -Sl*V*.

Garelîi (LXXVII, 94). DNA., p. 25 (forrrée), 4 gr. 61.

The following late-style coins are anepigraphs:

480. — Head of a woman to the right. ; behind, a club.

i\ Androcephalous bull on the right, crowned by Victory which

hovers in the air; under the bull, O* Didrachma. iSL* i/^. 5—20.

G. of Berlin (103-101), 6 gr. 11 and 7 gr. (thickets).

481. — Head of a woman to the right; behind, statuette of *Athéné Pro^

machos to the right. (Comparei arec le n** 479).

232 NAPLES

i{ Androcephalous bull on the left^ crowned by Victory

which hovers in the air. Didrachma. HAS* * *. 5—20

C. of BerliQ (105), 5 gr. 92 (furred).

II. — Didraefames arec head to the left (after 300-241 BC).

482. — Head of a woman on the left. ; behind, a statuette of Artemis

of facey holding a torch in each hand \ under his neck

TNAIOY.

^ Androcephalic bull on the right | crowned by the Victory which hovers in the air; under the bull, N; ^ Texergue, NEfl' POAlinN [sic). (As in no. 460).

Didrachm (summary style). HAS**/*-*. 20—50<

G. of London (106), 7 gr. 30. — G. of Berlin (78), 6 gr. 91. — G from France.

483. — Head of a woman on the left. ; behind, EY-

i\ Bull with a human face going to the left, crowned by the Vic- tory that hovers in the air; under the bull, AOY (the Loucies bone); in the exergue, NEOPoAITnN.

Didrachma. A* ^Z^-»- 5^20*

C. of London (63), 7 gr. 35. — C. of Berlin (74-75), 6 gr. 90 and 7 gr. 21. — G. of Glasgow (47), 7 gr. 36. — G. of France, 7 gr. 20. — G. of Milan. — G. of Naples Santangelo (1060-62). — Garelli, LXXIII, 38.

484. — Head of a woman on the left. ; behind, TAP; under the neck, EYî.

i\ Androcephalous bull on the right, crowned by Victory which hovers in the air; under the bull, EPI; in the exergue, NEOPOAITHN) sometimes on a projecting base.

Didrachma. jçl* */«. 3—15.

G. of Berlin (79) 7 gr. 10. — G. of London (66), 7 gr. 27. — G. of Naples (1085). — GoU. Santangelo (1056-57). — G. of Glasgow (72), 7 gr. 26. — G. of Milan. — Garelli, LXXIII, 34.

485. — Same types; behind, EYZ; under the neck, TAP.

yew Under the bull, EPI; in Texergue. NEOPÛAITHN, often on a projecting base.

MAPLE

Didrachma.

233 J5L * »/*. 3-15.

C. of London (64-65), 1 gr. 06. — C. of Naples (i086). - Coll. San- tangelo (1058-59). — C. of Glasgow (73), 7 gr. 39. — Compare with numbers 476 and 477.

486. — Head of a woman on the left; behind, WE; under the neck,

these acronyms on a bronze coin n® 634). i^ Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory which

hovers in the air; under the bull, \i; in Texergue, NEO-

rOAITHN. Didrachma. HAS* "/*. 5—20.

G. of London (83), 7 gr. 36.

487. — Head of a woman on the left; under the neck, X; behind, statuette

by Pallas Promachos. 1^ Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory;

under the bull, U; in Texergue, NEOPOAI(TflN). Didrachma. B.* */*. 5—20.

C. of Naples (Santangelo Kll).

488

488. — Head of a woman on the left; behind, Bl or B; under the neck wind, M (these acronyms are found on the coins of bronze n^- 590, 591, 596). i\ Androcephalous bull on the right, crowned by Victory; under the bull, E; in Texergue, NEOPOAITnN-

. 234. NAPLES

Didrachma. iSl * */î. 3—15.

C. of Naples (1081). — G. of London (71), 7 gr. 35. — G. de Glas- gow (thicket).

488 bis. — Head of a woman on the left. ; behind, rosary ((rcé|ji.iJLa SeXiptyiv). i\ Androcephalous bull to the right. ; crowned by Victory; to

rexergue, NEOnOAITHN. Didrachma. A* */*. 3—15.

Carell, LXXVl, 9i and Adn., n» 137, 5 gr. 44.

489. _ Head of a woman on the left. ; behind, an ithyphallic term.

1^ Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory;

under the bull, CI; in the exergue, NEOnOAUnN (see

this same acronym CI or CIBI on the bronzes n*" }. Didrachma. A* */*^. 3—15.

G. of Naples (1075).

490. — Head of a woman on the left. ; behind, Hellé on the ram {f) (a), or

a trophy (ft), or an oval shield (c). i| Androcephalous bull on the right, crowned by Victory; to

the exergue, NEOnOAUnN. Didrachma. iSi* */*. 3—10.

(a) G. of France, 6 gr. 30. — (6) Garelli, 84. — (c) Carelli, 87.

491. — Head of a woman on the left; behind, a bearded term.

^ Androcephalous bull on the right, crowned by Victory; to

the exergue, NEOnOAimN. i

Didrachma. JSl**/«. 3—10.'

G. of France, 7 gr. 22. — G. of Naples (Santangelo 1042).

{

Around 272 the following emissions took place (n** 492-500) of a almost immutable drawing and all bearing the initials Bl and the inscription NEOnOAITflN.

— Head of a woman on the left; behind, a dolphin; under the neck,

ME-Grètetis. t^ Androcephalous bull to the right, crowned by Victory;

under the bull, Bl; in Texergue, NEOrOAITHN. Didrachma. iSL* «/«-s. 3—15.

G. of Naples (Santangelo) (1047), 7 gr. 30. — Donkey. Goll. Bompois

(Gat. 68), 7 gr. 32.

NAPLES

235

493, — Same types; behind the head, an episema shield (penta- gram); under the neck, ^. Didrachma. iS. 4 1/2-5. 3—15.

<:. of Naples Santangelo (1049), 6 gr. 83. — C. of Berlin (80), 7 gr. 16. — Coll. Seltmann, 7 gr. 32.

494. — Same types and same style; behind the head, a comic mask;

below the neck, IB* Didrachma. 4 1/2-5, 3—15.

C. of London (102), 7 gr. 19. — C. of France, 6 gr. 90. — C. of Naples Santangelo (1048), 7 gr. 08. — Coll. Sambon (filled).

495. — Same types and same style; behind the lele, a lyre. Didrachma. iS.* «/*-». 3—15.

C. of London (101), 7 gr. 20. — C. of Berlin (8?), 6 gr. 53 (furred). — G. of Naples; Coll. (Santangelo 1012), 7 gr. 11.

496. — Same types and same style; behind the head, ithyphal Satyr-

lique on left^ the right hand, extended (cfr. the tripod of the Museum of Naples). Didrachm, iSL* l/î-5. 3-15.

C. of France. — C. of Berlin (84), 7 gr. 02.

497* — Same types; behind the head, an ewer (a), or an amphora [h). Sometimes the acronym Bl is missing from the i^. Didrachma. iS.4 1/*-”. 3-15.

(a) C. of London (105), 7 gr. 37. — C. of Glasgow (63), 7 gr. 15. — C. from Naples; (Santangelo 1050-51).— (h) Coll. Sambon. — C. of Berlin (83), 5 gr. 32 (furred). — C. of Glasgow (65) thicket.

. — Same types; behind the head, simpulum, Didrachma.

iSL*i/2-5. 3—15.

498 bis, — Same types; behind the head, a breastplate. At i^, under the bull, instead of BU ^^ acronym El* Didrachma. iSL* «/2 -^ 3—15.

C. of Naples (SanUngelo), 1044. — CarelU, LXXYll, 110 and Adn,y no 123.

236 NAPLBS

499, — Same types; same style, sometimes summary drawing (see the engraving); behind the head, an elephant on the left. Didrachma. A* «/*-5. 8—20.

C. of London (103), 5 gr. 12 (lined). ^ C. of Naples; Coll. Santangolo (1017-18), 1 gr. 16 and 7 gr. 12. — C. of Berlin (85), 6 gr. 68 (edge damaged). — C. of France (F. D. C), 7 gr. 32. — Donkey. Coll. Bompois, 7 gr. 02.

*500. — Same types; behind the head, small term representing an actor comical, The acronym Bl is missing from f|.

Didrachma. iSL 4 l/î-5. 8—20.

C. of Berlin (95), 6 gr. 91. — C. of Naples; Coll. Santangelo (1042).

The following series (n^' 501-524) almost always has at i^ the acronym 12 and Tiuscr. NEOTTOAITHN; these parts are often identical design and were struck in considerable quantities. — The same acronym is found on an excessive bronze coinage- copious document indicating a commercial agreement between Naples, Gales, Suessa, Teanum and Aesernia.

501. — Head of a woman on the left, diademed and adorned with jewels, the hair

curly hair; behind, a Stéphanéphore Victory

taking flight towards the right, under the neck, fX (?). ^ Androcephalous bull on the right, crowned by Victory which

hovers in the air; under the bull, |Z; in the exergue,

NEOnOAITHN. Didrachma. iSL* */2. 5-15.

G. of Glasgow (53), 7 gr. 27. — G. of Naples (Sant., 1054-55). — Carelli (DNA,^ p. 25), 6 gr. 72. Compare to bronze coins from Calés.

502. — Same types; behind the head, a trident.

In i{, the acronym |2 is sometimes missing under the bull; in the exergue,

NEOnOAITHN.

NAPLBS 237

Didrachma. J5L* */«. 3—10.

C. of Naples (1071), Coll. Sanlangelo (1019), 7 gr. 35 (without IZ). — C. of

London (126-128), 6 gr. 73; 7 gr. 28; 7 gr. 38. — C. of Glasgow (58) thicket.

503. — Same types; behind the head, seahorse (a), or Pegasus {?)

Didrachma. i5L*V2. 3—10.

(a) G. of Berlin (92), 7 gr. 16. — G. of Naples (1074); Goll. Sanlangello (1041). - (b) Garelli.

504. ^~ Same types; behind the head, an eagle on the left, wings closed,

head to right. Didrachma. A* l/*. 3-10.

G. of London (116), 7 gr. 36. — G. de Bedin (90), 7 gr. 31. — G. of Naples (Goll. Sanlangelo 1033-36), 7 gr. 33. In a find made re- recently near Naples we met this guy, already a little tired, with didrachms to F. D. G. de Calés. (See Calés).

505. — Same types; behind the head, a thunderbolt,

Didrachma. HAS* */". 3—10.

G. of Naples (1065). — Garelli (Adn., p. 25, n» 127), 7 gr. 39.

'506. — Same types; behind the head, a lyre.

Didrachma. JS14 1/2. 3—10.

G. of Naples (1064); Goll. SanUngelo (1013-14), 7 gr. 36. — G. of London (115), 7 gr. 20.

507. — Same types; behind the head, a heron or a swan (?j. Didrachma. iSL*l/2. 3-10.

G. of Naples (1066); GoU. Sanlangelo (1037), 7 gr. 15. — G. of London (114), 7 gr. 36. — C. of Glasgow (56) thicket.

508. — Same types; behind the head, a statuette of Pallas Promachos

on the right, (a), or a statuette of a woman holding a hook and a cornucopia (b), Didrachma. A4 i/i. 3-«io.

(a) G. of London (121), 7 gr. 22. — (6) Garelli, {Adn,, p. 25, no. 111), 7 gr. 44.

509. — Same types; under the neck,

Pallas throws it on your shoulder. Didrachma. A*V«. 3—10.

G. of Naples (Coll. SanUngelo 1011), 6 gr. 26.

510. — Same types; behind the head, a poppy seed, Didrachma. iSl* «/«. 3—10.

C. of London (121), 7 gr. 29. — Garelli, Adn., p. 25, n<» 142, 7 gr. 33.

238 NAPLES

5H^_: Same types; behind the head, on the ear,

Didrachma. iSL^V». 3—10.

G. of London (118), 7 gr. 06. — G. of Berlin (87), 7 gr. 21. — G. of Glasgow (54), 7 gr. 10.

512. — Same types; behind the head, star with eight rays. Didrachma, A* l/î. 3-10-

G. of Berlin (86), 7 gr. 15. — G. of Naples (1083); Goli. SanUngelo (1046), 7 gr. 28^

513. — Same types; behind the head, a bust of Helios facing, Didrachma. iSL*«/2. 3—10.

G. of London (122), 6 gr. 84. — G. of Berlin (93-94), 7 gr. 34; 6 gr. 51. — G. of Naples (Goll. Santangelo 1030-31). — Garelli, Adn., n° 12o, 7 gr. 39.

514. — Same types; behind the head, a wing,

Didrachma. A^Vi. 3-10.

G. of Naples (1081). — G. of London (133), 7 gr. 30. — Garelli read

reverse of one of these coins, A Y2 î this reading is obviously incorrect.

515. — Same types; behind the head, a small term.

Didrachma. iSL* */”. 3—10.

G. of Naples (1082). — Garelli, DNA, p. 2o, n- H5, 7 gr. 28.

516. — Same types; behind the head, a running torch, Didrachma. iSL4i/2. 3_10.

G. of London (125), 7 gr. 33. — G. of Naples (1084) and Goll. Santangelo (1105). — G. of Glasgow (52d, 7 gr. 36. — Find of Naples, Wales.

517. — Same types; behind the head, a tripod,

Didrachma. A ♦ i/2. 3—10-

G. of London (129), 7 gr. 41. — G. of Glasgow (57), 7 gr. 26.

518. — Same types; behind the head, a trophy,

Didrachma. J5l 4 1/2. 3—10.

G. of London (130), 7 gr. 02. — G. of Milan, 7 gr. 12. — G. of Naples; Goll. Santangelo (1015-16), 7 gr. 40.

NAPLES 230

519. — Same types; behind the head, a thyrsus with strips.

Didrachma. iSl*l/î. 3—10.

G. of Berlin (89), 7 gr. 38. — C. of London (123), 7 gr. 31. — G. of Glasgow (55), 7 gr. 07. — G. of Naples; GoU. Santangelo (1020-21), 7 gr. 36.

520. — Same types; behind the head, a pentagon,

Didrachma. A* 1/2. 3—10.

G. of Glasgow (51), 7 gr. 28. — G. of Naples; Goll. SanUngelo (1027) without IZ*

521. — Same types; behind the head, a plowshare, Didrachma. Fk^ i/i. 3—10.

G. of Naples (Goll. Santangelo), 1053.

522. — Same types; behind the head, a cornucopia. Didrachma. iSl* */«. 3—10.

0. of London (113), 7 gr. 28. - G. of Berlin (88), 6 gr. 63 (c«). — G. Naples (1077-78) and Goll. SanUngelo (1004-7). — Trou?aiIle Naples-Gales (several examples to F. D. G.).

523. — Same types; behind the head, a dolphin. Sometimes missing from l (the acronym |Z,

Didrachma. iSL i 1/2, 3—10.

G. of Berlin (91), 7 gr. 32. — Garelli, DNA,^ n* 141, 6 gr. 98.

524. ^ Same types; behind the head, a lion seated on the left. The acronym |Z is missing from i^.

Didrachma. At 4 l/S. 3—10,

G. of Naples (GoU. Santangelo), 1032.

The coins of the following series (525-531) all have at i\ under the bull, the letter E and in Texergue, NEOTTOAITON-

525. — Same types; behind the head, protome of a lion^ to left. At ^ under the bull, E; in Texergue, NEOTTOAITHN. Didrachma. HAS* */*. 3—15.

C. of London (108), 7 gr. 26.

â40

NAPLBS

526. — Same types, different style; behind the head, a cantharus. Didrachma. iSl* «/«. 3—10.

C. of London (112), 7 gr. 37. — C. of Naples. — C. of France, 7 gr. 22,

527. — Same types; behind the head, sword in its sheath or car*

whats and harness, Didrachma. i5L*Vt. 3—10.

C. of Berlin (99), 6 gr. 96 (furred). — C. of London (110), 7 gr. 06. — C. of Glasgow (66), 7 gr. — C. of Naples (SanUngelo), 1038-40.

528. — Same types; behind the head, a trident,

Didrachma. iSL*Vt. 3—10.

G. of Glasgow (67), 6 gr. 80.

^ 529. — Same types; behind the head, a rudder.

Didrachma. A* V*. 3—10.

G. of Naples (1079-80).

530. — Same types; behind the head, an acrostolium,

Didrachma. jg,* 1/2, 3—10.

G. of London (111), 7 gr. 27.

531. — Same types; behind the head, an owl,

Didrachma. jç^^i 1/2, 3 lO.

G. of London (109), 7 gr. 28. - C. of Berlin (100), 6 gr. 97. — G. of Naples and GoU. Santangelo, 7 gr. 12 and 7 gr. 10. — G. of France, 7 gr. 30.

The coins of the following series (a** 533 to 536) all have i| the letter A and Tinscr. NEOnOAITHN.

632. — Same types, even more lean in style; behind the head, a rooster on the right. At ij, under the bull, A; in the exergue, NEOnOAITHN- Didrachma. iÇL ♦ “z*-”. 5—10,

G. of Berlin (98), 6 gr. 63. — C. of London (100), 6 gr. 75,

NAPLES 241

533. -~ Same types; behind the head, a crater,

Didrachma. iSL * */2-5, 5—10.

C. of Naples (Coll. Santongelo), 1132. — C. of Berlin (96), 7 gr. 36.

534. ^ Same types; behind the head, a lotus flower, Didrachma. iSL * U^, 5—10.

G. of Naples (Santangelo), 1133.

535. — Same types; behind the head, a helmet,

Didrachma. JR 4 i/«-5. 5-10.

G. of Berlin (97), 7 gr. 28. — G. of Glasgow. — G. of Naples (Coll. Santangelo) 1052.

536. — Same types; behind the head, a harpoon.

Didrachma. A * t/î-5. 5—10.

C. of Glasgow (60), 7 gr. 16.

The following monillay has no elhnique^ it is quite good style, but stuffed.

537. — Head of a woman on the left, diademed and adorned with jewels, the hair

curly hair; behind, ossicle; under the neck, remains of a

name. i^ Androcephalous bull on left, crowned by Victory which

hovers in the air. Sometimes under the bull, N- Didrachma. jÇL* 4/2. 8—15.

C. of Milan. — C. of France, 5 gr. 70.

III. — Drachmas (after 272 — around 250).

We find on the drachmas the acronyms Bl> IZ and A» a only has no acronym.

a) Without acronym.

537 bis, — Head of a woman on the left, adorned with jewelry, hair curly and tiaraed; behind, tripod string. ^ Androcephalous bull to the right, head facing, crowned by Victory 'which hovers in the air; in the epigraph, NE0T70- AITflN. (Compare with didrachm n® 488 bis): Drachma. A3 1/2. 5^20.

Carelli, LXXiX, 127.

I

I

242 NAPLES

to) An i^, Bl — NEOnOAITHN (no« 538 and 539 bU).

538. — Woman's head on left, adorned with jewels; behind, an elephant on the left.

Granite. (Compare with didrachm no. 499).

1^ Androcephalous bull h r., court, by Victory; under the tau- water, Bl; in Fexergue, NEOrTOAITHN.

Drachma. HAS ""/"-*. 5—20.

C. of Berlin (121), 3 gr. 22. — C. of Milan, 2 gr. 99.

539. — Same types; behind the head, an oval shield (didrachm

n<» 493). Drachma. Jil 3 i/i, 5—20.

C of Berlin (122), 3 gr. 20.

539 bis, — Same types; behind the head, an ewer (didr. n» 4^7). Drachma. At 3 l/l, 5—20.

Garelli, LXXIX, 132.

c) Au i^, 12 - NEOnOAITHN (a- 540-546).

540. — Same types; behind the head, a dolphin (didr. n^ 523).

Drachma. At 3 i/î. 5—20.

C. of Berlin (123), 3 gr. 50.

5he. — Same types; behind the head, a stork (didr. n» 507).

Drachma. A3i/î. 5-20.

Carelli.

542. -* Same types; behind the head, an ear of corn (didr. n^ 511). Drachma. iSL3i/î. 5—20.

C. of London (119), 3 gr. 68.

543. — Same types; behind the head, a cornucopia (didr.

No. 522). Drachma. At 3 1/1. 5—20.

C. of Berlin (120), 3 gr. 46. ​​- C. of Naples (Coll. Sanlangelo 1134).

544. — Same types; behind the head, a trophy (didr. n© 518). Drachma. HAS' "/". 5—20.

C. of Naples (Coll. Santangelo, 1135).

NAPLES 243

545. — Same types. No symbol.

Drachma. A»i/«. 5—20.

G. of Berlin (124), 3 gr. 38. - G. of Naples (Goll. Santangela 1129-31).

546. — ​​Same types; behind the head, instead of a symbol, a letter

broadcast, A9 By A> E* Drachma. At 3 i/*. 5—20.

G. of Berlin (125 with B), 3 gr. 14. — Garelii, LXXIX, u»» 124-126 (A-

A, E).

d) Au i^, A - NEOnOAITQN (n*»» 547-552).

547. — Same types; behind the head, a ship's bow on the left. Drachma. iSl3 1/2. 5—20.

G. of Berlin (126), 3 gr. 37.

548. — Same types; behind the head, a crater (didr. n» 533). Drachma. iSl3 i/i, 5—20.

G. of London (101), 2 gr. 66 (furred). — G. of Naples (Goll. Santangelo 1132).

549. — Same types; behind the head, a harpoon (didr. n^ 536). Drachma. A» 1/2. 5—20.

G. of Glasgow (61), 3 gr. 33.

550. — Same types; behind the head, a lotus flower (didr. o« 534). Drachma. iSL3 i/î. 5—20.

G. of Naples (Goll. Santangelo 1133).

551. — Same types; behind the head, a mask (?).

Drachma. i5L3 l/i. 5—20.

G. of Berlin (127), 3 gr. 30.

552. — Same types; behind the head, a bell

Drachma. A3 i/x. 5—20.

G. of London (137) » 3 gr. 30.

244 NAPLES

IV. — Trioboles (vei-s 300-282).

.553. — Laureate head of Apollo right, front, NEOnOAITflN (sometimes the last letter behind the head); under the neck, uncertain letter. ^ Rooster at dp.; behind, X or star.

Triobole. A. 8—25.

G. of Berlin (428-130), 1 gr. 83; l gr. 24; 1 gr. 03. — C. of Naples (1090) et al. Sanlangelo (907-9). — Carelli (Avell), i gr. 18; 1 gr. 38; 1 gr. 43. -^ Coll. Seltmann. — Luyaes, 1 gr. 63.

Gee monDaies has been in circulation for a long time and it is difficult to find some that are in perfect state of conservation.

554. — Laureate head of Apollo to the right.

i^ Female figure (?) leading a bige towards the right. Triobole. iR. 5-20.

C. of Berlin (132-34), 4 gr. 11; î gr.38; 1 gr. 62. — C. of Naples (1092). Coll. Santangelo 910-11. — C. of London (93), 1 gr. 68.

553 558

555. — Same types.

At l^, in the field, the symbol of the iriquetre, Triobole. iïL. 5—20.

G. of Berlin (131), 1 gr. 48. — C. of Naples (Coll. SantaDgelo), 912-13.

556. — Same types; in front of the head of Apollo, NEOnOAITflN. H Au I^, in the field, triquetre and in Texergue, AI*

Triobole. iSL. 5—20

L. Sambon (Research), pi. X, 18. — Carelli (Avell.) 1 gr. 84.

557. — Same types; in front of the head, NEOTTOAITHN- At ij, in Texergue, XA-

Triobole. jÇl. 5-20.

C. of France.

558. — Same types; in front of the head, NEOTTOAITHN. At i^, in Texergue, PAK (1).

1. Cfr. inscription from Ischia bearing the names of Samnite chiefs, Paquius Numpsius and Hands Paculus (Mommsen, UnteritaL dialekte, Kleine inschriften, nr. XXXIX).

NAPLE8

Triobole.

Coll. Sir H. Weber, 1 gr. 68.

5245

JR2.2 1/Î. 10-25.

559. — Tele laureate of Apollo on the right; in front, NEOrOAITHN. Granite. v(Nike leading a bige galloping towards the left;

the exergue, XA. Triobole (nice style). A»-* */2. 15—30.

C. of France (Laynes), i gr. 52. ~- G. of Naples (1091).

No. 369. Primitive didrachm of Neapalis.

n

246

NAPLES

BRONZE COINS

I. ~ Head of Apollo to the right. or on the left, i^ Protome of the bull an* droc^phale to right. or left. Inscriptions: NEGPOAITEnN, NEQ- POAETEflN (“c), NEOP0AEITH {sic, Carelli), NE0P0AITH2, NEOPOAITHM, NEOPOAITnN and NEYPOAITfîN.

a) 340 — around 280.

560. — Laureate head (garland with triple rows of leaves) of Apol- lon to the right, the hair falling on the nape of the neck and stiffening crescent-shaped health.

i^ Protome of the androcephalic bull on the right^ in Tatlitude of swimming; on the shoulder of the monster, a four star rays; around the perimeter, NEOP (behind) — OAITEIl (at the above) — N (below).

Obol fraction (archaistic style). I'-* and A'. 2 — 10.

G. of Fraoce, 5 gr. 80. — C. of London, 4 gr. 40. — C. of Berlin, 5 gr. 47. — Coll. Sambon, 5 gr. 30 and 4 gr. 27. — Carelli, Adn., 306, 5 gr. 80.

561. — Same types; at i^, above the bull, NEOH; der- rear, 3TI(A0). Obol fraction (archaistic style). A^ */2. 3—10.

c. of London (143;, 4 gr. TO.

NAPLES

247

562. — Same types.

Au ^, NEOr — OAETEfl — N {sic). Missing Taslre on

the shoulder of the bull.

Obol fraction (archaistic style). /£* V*-3. 5—15.

C. of Berlin (223), 3 gr. 67. — Carelli, Adn., n- 291 (NEOPO- AEITH), 5 gr. 80.

563. — Head of Apollo on the left (earrings; garland with

triple row of leaves), i^ Protome of the androcephalous bull to the right. ; on the shoulder, a

aslre with four rays; around, inscription in boustro-

phédou, NEOPO (above), ZHT (behind), |A (under the

legs of the bull). Circle. Obol fraction (nice style). I*. 8—15.

C. do Milan, 5 gr. 37. - C. of London (147), 5 gr. 60.

564. — Laureate head of Apollo on the right; hair falling in

crescent shape^ crown with triple row of leaves. 1^ Protome of the androcephalous bull on the right. ; on the shoulder, a

star with four rays; above, NE0P0AITH2- Obol fraction (nice style). & » 1/2.4 1/2 and I». 2—10.

G. of France, 5 gr. 90. — G. of London (145), 6 gr. 70. — G. of Milan, 4 gr. 80. — G. of Berlin (223-229), 5 gr. 50; 5 gr. 13; 5 gr. ; 4 gr. 43; 4 gr. 15. — G. of Naples and Goll. Santongelo. —Garelli, Adn., no. 301-4; 6 gr.; 4 gr. 72; 4 gr. 61; 4 gr. 26.

565. — Same types, sometimes, above the protome of

bull, a dolphin on the right. ; registration, NEOPOAITON* Obol fraction (nice style). I.'-*. 2—10.

G. of France (Luynes), 5 gr. 01. — Garelli, Adn.j n^ 311, 3 gr. 54.

566. — Same types; on the shoulder of the bull, star with eight rays. Obol fraction (summary style). I^. 2—8

Goll. Sambon, 3 gr. 18”

248 NAPLES

567. — Same types; at i^, above the bull, NEOPOAITHZ» written on a tablet. (There are copies” at légeade disfigured). Fraction of obol (good style). I*. 5 — 10.

C. of London (146) » 3 gr. 80.

56^. -=- Same types; behind the head of Apollo, A. Aui^, above the bull^ NEOPOAITHZ- Obol praction (very pretty style). HAS*. 3—10.

C. of Berlin (224), 6gr. 01.

569. — Same types; behind the head of Apollo, A-

At i|, above the bull, NEYrOAITHN- (Compare the

n» 295). Fraction of obol (good style). &''. 3—10.

C. of Glasgow (84), 2 gr. 42.

570. — Same types.

At ij, behind the protome, (NE)OnO; below, the continuation tion of Tethnique, AI* Fraction of obol (good style). I^-» «/2 3—10.

C. of London (i50), 2 gr. 10.

571. — Same types; behind the head of Apollo, /£.

At i^, NE0P0AITH2» above the laurel. Obol fraction (summary style). I.^-^ ^Z*-* */2. 3 — 10.

G. of Berlin (230-231), 4 gr. 68 and 5 gr. 23.

572. — Same head of Apollo on the right.

i^ Protome of the androcephalic bull in the attitude of the swimming; on the shoulder, part of a star with eight rays (of which five visible); behind, a lyre; below, waves; above, NEOPOAITH2.

Obol fraction (nice style). & ^ */*. 10—20.

G. of London (148), 3 gr. 20. ^ G. of Milan, 4 gr. 10. ~ G. of France.

573. — Same types of summary style; registration, NEOPO-

MTHVlisic) or NEOPOAITHM (Carelli). Obol fraction (summary style). M^. 3—8.

G. of France (?), 2 gr. 77. — Garelli, DNA, ^ n» 305, 2 gr. 56.

NAPLES 249

674. — Same types, without Tastre on the shoulder of the bull and without the lyre. Inscription, NEOPOAITHI. Obol fraction (very pretty drawing). I*. 8 — 15.

G. of France, 3 gr. 75.

573

575. — Same types as in the preceding number, inscription: On03M-

ZHTIA. Obol fraction (summary style). I" */". 2—8.

Ck>ll. Sambon, Paris, i gr. 70.

This piece (q<> 575) clearly shows that bronze was cast in stone molds having the shape of attached washers one to the other, and that at the moment of the strike the tie was broken.

576. — Same head of Apollo k dr. (laurel wreath with two

rows of leaves).

i^ Protome of the androcephalous bull to the right. ; behind: NEO- POAIT; below, the continuation of the ethnic HZ; au- above, a dolphin on the right. Granite.

Obol fraction (nice style). I. ^-^ '/2. 2-8.

C. of BerUn (232), 4 gr. 20. — C. of Glasgow (79) 3 gr. 39.

577. — Same types without inscription.

Fraction of obol (good style). iE^ 5—10.

G. of London (151), 2 gr. 90.

578. — Same types (laurel wreath with three rows of

leaves). Os- NEOnOA; under I bull, ITH2. Fraction of obol (good style). I * */* ^ 2—8.

C. of BerUn (233), 3 gr. 05.

579. — Same head of Apollo (two-row laurel wreath

leaves).

250 NAPLE8

ij Protome of the androcephalous bull to the right, head facing, below, 03M; ^ E-y ^^ ethnic contiQuation (OH)* TIA; above, uu dolphin on left. Granite.

Fraction of obol (good style). I ^ */«. 8—20.

C. dd London (149), 4 gr. 45.

580. —Head of Apollo to the right, the hair falling freely on the

nape (crown with triple rows of leaves); in front, NEO-

rOAITHN. i^ Protome of the androcephalous bull k dr.; above, a

dolphin on the right. ; sometimes, in the field, p. Granite. Fraction of obol (good style). I 2 i/i-a i/î, 2—5.

C. of London (180), 3 gr. 60. — Carelli, DNA, a« 319, 2 gr. 56;

1 gr. 38.

581. — Same types (often the crown has two rows of

sheets) without name of magistrate. Obol fraction (nice style). I "-* "/". 1—3.

C. of London (188, 189 and 191), 1 gr. 75; 1 gr. 83 and 1 gr. 30. — C- from Berlin (242.43), 2 gr. 14; 1 gr. 81. - C. of Naples.

582. — Same types.

In the yew, under the protome of the bull, AIO* Obol fraction (very pretty drawing). i* */* -^ 3-8.

C. of Berlin (241), 3 gr. 59. — GoU. Sambon.

583. — Same head of Apollo to the right; in front, NEOnOAITHN. i\ Protome of the androcephalic bull;i r., behind, a

eight-rayed star; sometimes, under the left leg. extent, a; above the bull, a dolphin. Obol fraction (nice drawing). I* '^^ 1—3.

C. of London (190), 1 gr. 30. — Coll. Sambon, 1 gr. 55.

584. — Same types; behind the head, K; missing on the reverse

the star and the initial. Obol fraction (nice drawing). I* */3-» «/2. 1—3.

C. of Berlin (214), 1 gr. 58. — Coll. Sambon, 1 gr. 34.

585. — Same types, behind the head, A; in front, NEOPÛAITON. At ij, behind the protome of the bull, A.

Obol fraction (nice drawing). . I* */". 1 -3,

C. of Milan, 1 gr. 03.

NAPLES 251

586. — Head of ApolloQ to the right. ; around, four dauphios chase each other hunting. Grèoetis. i{ Protome of the aadrocephalic bull on the right; above, a dolphin on the right. swimming; behind, three globules (?). Granite. Obol fraction (nice drawing). jE^ V2, 3—8.

C. of Naples (SaDtaogelo), 1156. — - Coll. Sambon.

585

587. — Same head of Apollo turned to the left; in front, NEOFFO-

AITflN (from h. to b.); behind, A or A- Grènelis.

^ Protome of the androcephalous bull on the left, in the atti- swimming study; above, a dolphin on the left; behind, M; below, z.

Obol fraction (nice drawing). A* y^^. 1—3.

c. of Berlin (251), 1 gr. 45. — C. of London (186), 1 gr. 50. — Carelli, p. 28, DNA. 326-28, 1 gr. 43; 1 gr. 38; 1 gr. 28.

588. — Same head of Apollo on left; in front, NEOnOAITHN (from b.

in h.); behind, ^.

i{ Protome of the androcephalic bull swimming to the right; au- above, a dolphin on the right.

Obol fraction (nice drawing). &^. 1—3.

C. of London (181), 1 gr. 45. — G. of Berlin (250), 1 gr. 15.

589. — Same types; in front of the head of Apollo, NEOrOAITON

(from b. to h.); sometimes, behind, ME. At i^^ behind the protome, 2; above, dolphin on right.

Granite on both sides. Obol fraction (good drawing). I*. 1—3.

C. of London (184), 1 gr. 75. -- Carelli, p. 28, DNA. 324, 1 gr. 48.

590. — Same types; in front of the head of Apollo, NEOTTOAITfîN

(from b. to h.) and sometimes behind, ME (?)•

At i^, behind the protome, g?; above, dolphin on right. Granite on both sides.

252 NAPLES

Obol fraction (good drawing). I*. 1 — 3.

C. of Berlin (246-7), 1 gr. 42; 1 gr. 17. — C. of London (183), 1 gr. 18. -^ Coll. Sambon, 0 gr. 67. — CarelU, DNA,, no. 331, 1 gr. iS.

591. — Same types; in front of the head of Apollo, NEOrOAITHN;

behind, ME*

NY

. At t{^ behind the protome, g. ; above, dolphin on right.

Obol fraction (good drawing). iE*. 4 — 3.

C. of London (182), 1 gr. 35.

592. — Same types; in front of the head of Apollo, NEOPOAITflN- At i{, behind the protome, Bl; above, dolphin. Obol fraction (good drawing). I*. 1 — 3.

c. of Berlin (248), 1 gr. 16.

These same signatures NY, Bh M are found on coins to the type of the head of Hercules, i^ Tripod (n^ 705 to 721); the others very acronyms of this series reappear on coins of the type from the head of Apollo. ^ Standing bull.

*) Around 270 — 250.

593. — Laureate head of Apollo to the right, hair tied crosswise

health on the back of the neck. Grënetis.

1^ Protome of the androcephalic bull swimming to the right. Beyond- sus, NEOnOAITHN.

Obol fraction (fairly good drawing). J&. 1 — 3.

ColJ. Sambon, 2 gr. 65.

594. — Laureate head of Apollo to the right, hair tied crosswise

health on the back of the neck. ^ Protome of the swimming androcephalic bull at right. ; behind,

ME; above, NEOnOAITflN. Obol fraction (fairly good drawing). I** */*. 1—8.

C. of Berlin (236), 3 gr. 09. — C. of London (153), 2 gr. 20.

595. — Same types.

At ij, under the protome, E; above, NEOrOAITHN. Obol fraction (fairly good drawing). iE* */*. 1—3.

C. of London (154).

NAPLES 253

596. — Head of Apollo on the left; behind, A or AO- Grèoetis.

^ Protome of the bull on the right; above, NEOPOAITflN;

behind, w7. Fraction of obol (enough boa drawing). iE* */*. 1 — 3.

C. of London (156), l gr.l6. — Coll. Sambon, 1 gr. 42. — GarelJI, p. 28, DNA, 317, 1 gr. 79.

597. — Same head of Apollo on left. ; behind, E»

i^ Anterior part of the androcephalic bull running towards the

left, leg left. flexed; above, NEOrOAITHN. Gre- netis. Obol fraction (good drawing). M^, 10—20.

Coll. Maddalena then Philipsen, 1 gr. 93.

598. — Same head of Apollo on left. ; behind, E.

^ Protome of the androcephalic bull swimming to the left; in front,

a; above, NEOPOAITHN. Obol fraction (good drawing). iE*

C. of BerllD (240), 1 gr. 95 (c3).

599. — Same types.

At ij, above the protome, NEofTOAITHN and behind, p. Obol fraction (good drawing). I*. 1—3.

C. of Berlin (238), 1 gr. 90.

600. — Same types.

At ij, above the protome, NEonoAITHN (NEOPO-

AITE, according to Garrucci, LXXXVI, 4); behind, 2 or E? Obol fraction (good drawing). iE* */^* */3. 1-3.

C. of Berlin (239), 2 gr. 18.

601. — Same types; in front of the head of Apollo, X or XP in mode

nogr. ; behind, A. At i{, above the bull, NEOFTOAIT; behind, 12*

l

254 NAPLE8

Obol fraction (good drawing). I*W*. 1—3.

C. of Loodreâ (455), 2 gr. 20. — C. de Napies (SantaDgelo), 1162. — Carelli, p. 28, DNA, 313-315, 1 gr. 95; 1 gr. 89; 1 gr. 74.

602. — Same types; behind the head of Apollo,

At ^, above, the bull, NEOTTOAITON; behind, |2. Obol fraction (good drawing). iE*. 1—3.

C. of Glasgow (87), I gr. 45.

t c) Around 240-210.

603. — Head of Apollo to the right, his hair tied behind in

crescent shape. Granite. i| Protome of the androcephalous bull on the right. ; above, NEO-

rOA; behind, AH. Granite. Fraction of obol (very crude style). I*. 1-3.

C. of London (232), 1 gr. 70.

604. — Same types; behind the head of Apollo, A- At i^, above the bull, NEOPOA-

Fraction of obol (very crude style). i£^. 1—3.

G. of London (233), 1 gr. 95.

605. — Same types.

At i^, above the protome of the bull, 4>|. Fraction of obol (very crude style). I*. 1—3.

C. of London (234), 1 gr. 27.

606. — Same types.

At the i{, above the protome of the bull, a dolphin; der- back, (|)|. Obol fraction (summary drawing). I 2. 1 — 3.

C. of Glasgow (90), 0 gr. 90.

607. — Head of Apollo to the right. like the previous ones, but

closed in a laurel wreath; behind the head,

monogr. uncertain. Kl or KT ( | )• ^ Protome of the swimming androcephalic bull at right. ; on the shoulder, a star; above, NEOTTOAITflN and more top, in Grènetis.

NAPLES 255

Obol fraction (summary style). I* */2. 1—3.

Coll. Sambon. — G. of France, 0 gr. 90 (summary style), Ogr. 90*

608. — Laureate head of Apollo & right, hair tied behind

crescent-shaped rear. ^ Protome of the androcephalous bull to dr. ; above,

ITflN NEOnOA.

Obol fraction (summary style). I*. 3—5.