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Greek Coins: New Contributions and Studies — 1890
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% ‘ *. _. Greek coins. ' aan - saw New articles and studies Be Imhoof-Blumer. a With 378 illustrations on XIV collotype plates. : Treatises of the k. Bavarian. Academy of Sciences |: Cl. XVII. Vol. IH. Abth. Munich 1890. verses of k. Academy. “in commission with G. Franz.
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New articles and studies from F. Imhoof-Blumer. With 378 illustrations on XIV collotype plates. Si FIER a PB5 aie oe : Sk , pee hey si . Ra From the treatises of the k. Bavarian. Academy of Sciences I. Cl. XVIII. Vol. II. Abth. card <5 we . x a ke Ape a Fs Munich 1890. Publisher of the k. Academy in Commission with G. Franz.
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Preface. In addition to the various contributions to Greek coinage, the I have been given this since the publication of “Monnaies grecques” (1883). At the same time, a series of smaller investigations and corrections emerged were in the usual geographical order the present sheets contain. Pay special attention to it the dates appearing on coins of Asia Minor are more urban Aeren, the value symbol a series of autonomous coins and primarily the Copper of the later imperial period, the Imperial silver coinage in the Syrian French provinces and a large number of new or previously unrecognized mints pictures, inscriptions etc. found. Among the 250 mostly Asia Minor table cities, of which coins be cited, appear here some, such as Himilion, Termessos near Oinoanda, Kerai, Ki- byra 7 wexec, Holmoi for the first time; and from the mint groups, which receive a more detailed discussion are, for example, those of Cyclades and Melos, the Symmachy several with the Pegasus of the ancient cities of Pontus and Paphlagonia, Pamphylia and Pisidias, by Kaisareia Germanike, Apollonia am Ryn- 1) The coins of the Dynasty of Pergamon, Dep. d. k. Prussian Academy of Sciences 1884, 4 plates - Greek coins from the Klagenfurt Museum and other collections, Num. Magazine XVI (1884) pp. 227-300, 2 plates - portrait heads on ancient Hellenic coins and Hellenized people, Leipzig 1885, 8 plates - Contributions to Greek mintology, magazine. for Num Gardner), Journal of hell. Studies VI—VIII (1885—1887), 30 tablets — On coinage wholesale Greece, Sicily, Crete etc., with special consideration of the mint groups Stamp equality. Num. Magazine XVIII (1886) pp. 205-286, 3 plates - Ancient coin images. Archiologist's Yearbook. Institute 1888 8. 286-297, 1 plate - The coins of the Kilbians. Num. Magazine XX (1888) pp. 1-18, 1 plate - animal and plant images on coins and gems of classical antiquity (with Otto Keller), Leipzig 1889, with 1352 illustrations. 2) Unfortunately for these two provinces and Bithynia the volume that has just been published was London catalog (by W. Wroth) no longer usable. ie
4 (528) dakos, Stratoniceia Hadrianopolis, Pessinus, Antioch in Syria et al. particularly highlighted. What these and the switched on new coins and varieties, over a thousand on the number, types, Official names and other inscriptions have, of which they give detailed special register at the end of the volume and the numerous enough illustrations provide an overview. The frequent information about collections from which I collect coins Impressions could describe, prove how willing and varied through my work the gentlemen officials of the museums and owners of the Private collections have been requested. I would like to thank you all again best thanks pronounced; likewise Mr. Privatdozent Dr. B.Pick for some welcome advice and friendly help with the Cor- rectur, and the academic printing press of F. Straub for them excellent presentation of the treatise and the extraordinary changing the pressure of the same. | Winterthur, March 1890. Explanation of characters and abbreviations. G means gold. Ss. rs Silver. Bey Bronze or copper. The number that follows the metal designation indicates the diameter of the coin in millimeters. Egg means back. N Beebe Front. i Back. above hey: Grams. Pits ts Pearl circle. (lay line circle. corn my collection. . eg aa in the field.
EUROPE. Elaius in the Thracian Chersonese. A coin image similar to that in the Monnaies Grecques 8. 46 and 48 No. 44. Plate F 27, which was also used at the time of Caracalla. Lb Breese AVE vee: A|NTQNINOC. Bust portrait of the native Caracalla Laurel, right. iAPTEMIC| EAAIQVCIN. Artemis standing from the front, head to the right turned, the right hand outstretched and in the left an indefinite attribute holding. The whole thing surrounded by a laurel wreath. M. 8S. — Plate I No. 1. The head of the Artemis image appears clearer here than on the mint Commodus and, like the whole attitude, shows an archaic type. Less clear but here the attribute of the goddess is expressed, so that the earlier assumption, The same thing would like to represent a piglet, has not received any confirmation. EAAIOVCIN appears to be incorrect for EAAIOVCION there "Ehawotow as Dative plural. of the city name “EAavovg” is unthinkable and the ethnic group is “EAatovorog”. Similar orthographic errors are not uncommon, especially in the Reman period.') Hephaestia on Lemnos. 2. Br. 18 - Bust of Hephaestus on the right, with a faint beard and pointed cap and robe over the r. Shoulder. Pearl circle. K HOECT/IEQN. Athena Nikephoros on the left standing, the rights up supported the spear. Pkr. Gr. 2.75 M. S. — Plate I No. 2. 1) See Monn. gr. p. 515.
6 (530) 3. Br. 18 — Likewise, with HDA | | | CTIEQN at the Vs. and H@AICT | IEQN of Rs. Gr. 3. — In trade. 4. Br. 23 — /ANHM| NOC. Bust portrait the Lemnos with tower crown and veil, to the right. Pkr. as H®Al| CTIEQN. Torch between hammer and pliers. Pkr. Gr. 4.90 M. S. — Plate I No. 3. Thracian princes. To Monn. gr. p. 52, no. 59 the following variety was found: 5. Br. 13 - Head of Apollo on the left, with a laurel wreath. R Sp, above the grain vessel (xvweédn). Gr. 1.15 M. S. — Plate I No. 4. Second copy in Paris. The coin's stamp probably had no. 59, bottom right next to the vessel, a fourth letter, the not | but represented H, so that the image writing @IAH read, like the one contracted into the monogram of the just mentioned written piece. That the name is therefore not in Philippos, but in Philemon, Philetas or similar to supplement I already have it in the portrait heads antique coins* 8. 16 noted. The image of one of the above common coins with the inscription EYBP *) (Plate I No. 5) I add those in the Num. Zeitschrift XIV (1884) 8p. 240, No. 18 Kotys coins published from the Klagenfurt Museum (Plate I No. 6) and two Kypselamiinzen from Vienna and my collection (Plate I No. 7, 8). From the compilation of these and the other samples of Kotys, Kersob- leptes and Phile...?) seems to emerge with some certainty that the simmt- common coins with the talking coat of arms of Kypsela either mined in this city been prigt, or are otherwise very closely related to each other. To the oldest prizes of the group around the time of the beginning of 4th century vy. BC, undoubtedly belong to those with the city name. Yours Obverse shows the same Hermes head as the oldest copper coins of the neighboring one Ainos, their reverses the inscription KY YE and KYYEA and, next to the coat of arms, different those symbols. Shine on these the coins the Odrysian princes Kotys and Kersobleptes to follow, the latter of which had to submit to King Philip in 343. 1) Mon. gr. p. 461 no. 9. No. 10 a. a. O. is not Thracian, but from Eresus, like shows a perfectly preserved copy. 2) Mon. gr. pp. 51-53, plates C, 5-7 and Cadalvene, Recueil, plates I, 9.
(531) 7 Whether Kersobleptes had descendants or successors to those under Macedonian Botmasiness the rule over the area of Kypsela, know we don't. After the coins with the coat of arms of Kypsela and the apparently more correct on personal than on place names') to interpreting Inscriptions EYBP. and @IAH. However, to conclude, this may well have been the case. This assumption also seems to deserve preference over the other, according to which, because of some similarity of the head of the larger copper coins of Eubr . . . (Monn. gr. p. 461, 8) with the head type of certain Pontic, Papblagonic and Bithynian silver coins, the origins in question from Asia Minor origins were of great origin, and perhaps came from Thracian captains who traveled to Asia. were overdrawn. Dikaia in Chalcidice. 5/6/28 — Cow I. standing, with raised |. Hind legs are on the back scratching bowed heads. On the animal's back 1. standing bird and between the legs Sel A. Base and pearl circle. K Octopus (Octopus vulgaris) in a recessed square. Gr. 17.15 M. S. — Plate.I No. 9. Gr. 17.06. W. Greenwell in Durham. I consider the retrograde reading A} on this tetradrachm to be perfect secured. The two letters stand for 4ixara, the name of the known Colony of the Eretrians in Chalcidice, of which there are already a whole series of old ones Silver coins, with the types from the mother city and others, have become known,*) but so far just drachmas in the weight of Eubdian tetroboles and fragments the same. From the Eretrian tetradrachms differentiates yourself the dikiish only through its inscription, Al instead of k, and the one above it symbol, which one Variant of similar symbols, which are only found on old Macedonian stamps. come care.*) In my essay on the Eudian silver currency I emphasized that that the oldest tetradrachms of the Chalcidian cities did not contain didrachms and drachmas, d. h. Halften and quarters, but only sixths and twelfths are marked were and that these sixths Corinthian: drachmas were.*) Acanthos, Aineia, Mende, Olynthos, Potidaia, Terone*®) followed this system. It was to expect that Dikaia would also join the ranks, which is now the prerequisite for her confirmation has found. 1) A. von Sallet, description of the ancient Coins I, p. 166. 2) Monnaies size 8S. 71—74 Nos. 44-55. 3) Monnaies gr. pp. 107 and 108. 4) Monthly area the Berl. Academy 1881, pp. 659 and 660; Annuaire de Num. 1882, 8. 93-96. 5) Sermyle is so far only reliably represented by the tetradrachmon.
8 (532) Aegina. 8. P. 7 — Sea turtle. E.B in a recessed square. Gr. 0.22 M. S. — Plate I No. 10. 9. S. 5 — Likewise, with “E in a weakly concave field. Gr. 0.10 M. 8. cf. Lambros, Zeitschr. for Number II 175, 1. Both mints are tetartemoria. No. 9, slightly damaged at the edge, otherwise well preserved, is used too easily. Elis. 10. P. 7 — Eagle's head to the right. EK T deepened. Gr. 0.22 M. S. — Plate I No. 11. 11. P. 7 - Head of Hera with Stephane, r. R T in concave field. Gr. 0.18 M. 8. — Plate I No. 12. Again two tetartemoria. 12. P. 10 - Head of Zeus with bandage, r. BR Three Ts placed in the shape of a triquetra; in between F—A—A. Gr. 0.64M. 8S. — Plate I No. 13. ; Other specimens of this Tritetartemorion, a little lighter and less fresh received, are in Berlin (Fox I Plate IX, 98), in the Brit. Museum (cat. Pelo- ponnesus p. 67, 81 plate XIII 7) and in Dr. Weber's collection. 13. P. 9 — Eagle Head 1. EB A in recessed square. Gr. 0.45 st. 8. — Plate I No. 14. 14. P. 10 — eagle head r. B A in a slightly concave field. Gr. 0.47 Dr. H. Weber in London. — Plate I No. 15. 15. P. 8 — Likewise with the eagle's head 1. Gr. 0.32 Collection Pennisi. Salinas, Monete dent ans. citta di Sicilia 20, 181 plate VII 35. According to Salinas, the last three coins should be attributed to Akragas. Alone They undoubtedly belong to Elis, for which assignment this is primarily the case Sicilian prig foreign recessed square of the Hemiobolion No. 13, as well as the further ones Circumstances suggest that on various coins the name of the Eleier begins with A instead of the otherwise usual Digamma begins!) and that finally Dr. Weber his copy together with other Elian coins and I also handed out mine Greece. 1) Mon. Gr. p. 169; Cat. Brit. Museum p. 61, 25.
(533) 9 Argos. 16. P. 7 - Head of the Argive Hera with Stephanos, r. & surrounded by a circular line. Gr. 0.25 M.S. — Plate I No: 17. The symbol on the back is a combination of the letters [M and X and probably stands as a value symbol for 5 >< at the low Weights of the piece can probably only be concluded from zevtéyadxoy, the name of one The coin mentioned in Pollux 9.70 from Aristophon, which Gardner, without an example to know and, as it now seems rightly so, considered it to be a silver test.1) The Mint, whose head type is identical to that of a number of others Argentine silver and copper coins, represents the smallest piece of the group in silver represents. The highest weights of the individual coins in this test are for Didrachms Gr: (12.25 Drachmas Gr. 5.60 instead Gr. 6.12 Trihemiobolia oe SU = (ae trite tartemoria?) , 0.61 , 4 E76 The last ones these parts are accordingly particularly easily expressed, the heaviest of them just close four-fifths the normal weight at that time. Since the Weights such a small population also very fluctuating elsewhere, usually too light goods (cf. e.g. B.No. 8-12, 18, 19,) that's how you become be careful have to, that of the mint no. 16 should be viewed as normal from the outset so much more, than this has so far only been published here only copy is represented. In order to determine the value of the piece, I would therefore like to suggest not this in relation of the effective weight of Gr. 0.25 to the weight of the Didrachms derived Obolos to Gr. 1.02 to look for, but for either those Gr. 0.25 dem also real ones Weights the simultaneous trite tartemoria, Gr. 0.60, which a light obolos to Gr. 0.80 would require pose, or Gr. 0.25 to normal size. 0.31 to increase, in exact proportions of the effective to normal weights the trite tartemoria Gr. 0.60:0.76. Ours Mint viewed as zevtéyadxoy arise in one case as well as in the other 16 Chalcus on the obolos of Aigina currency, during on acceptance of Gr. 0.25 would turn out to be the normal weight of the 5-chalcus piece 20 chalcus.*) The standardization of the silver obolo to 16 chalcus also appears to be the same for silver collateral copper stamping to speak. So much that can be seen so far is limited this to a single small nominal, which probably represents a hemichalcus 1) Num. Chron. 1881, p. 292; Hultsch, Metrology (2) p. 230. 2) Mon. 174, 96; Cat. of the Brit. Mus. Peloponnesus 139, 42 plate XXVII 10, and ours Plate I No. 16. 3) Brandis (mint, measurement and weight systems in the Near East p. 293) assumes that the aigin. Obolos was normed at 80 Chalkus. Dep. d. I. Cl. d. k. Ak. d. Know. XVIII. Vol. IT. Abth. (71) 2
10 (534) provides.1) A well-preserved copy this coin, in my collection, shows Gr. 2.20 weight, what so the Chalcus to about size 4.50 places would. Provides man this weight is that of the chalk embossed in silver, derived from Gr. 0.31 normal weight of pentechalcone, so Gr. 0.062 versus, that's how it turns out as the value ratio of the two metals 1: 72.6, i.e. h. exactly the same as Brandis (p. 292) for Athens in the time before Alexander. The material found for this little investigation was all too sparse that I accept the results presented for secured issues; but believe I in the explanation of the monogram type, as a token of value for mevtéyahnoyv, that To have met the right people. Finally, I remember the occurrence of an analogous value designation nung [rl on the mint of the Thurians, which I found in the Num. Zeitschrift IX (1877) p. 60 plate I1 19. The unknown nominal T, which too triple on Thurian silver and Crotonian copper, and single on thuri- chemical copper to about 1 gr. Weight stands,*) here has twice the silver value of Argive Chalk, approximately size. 0.10, normally maybe a little more. Arkadia, 8/17/11 — Zeus 1. sitting, on the right the eagle flying away, in the Left holding the scepter. R Head of Artemis (?) with bandage and collar |.; in front of her A O. Deepened square. Gr. 0.65 M. S. — Plate I No. 18. Weight and inscription of this excellently preserved Mize, which corresponds to the well-known Otherwise completely similar to Arcadian obols looks are not usual. After the former We would judge the piece as a ?/3 obolos or, as this division uncommon and the Peloponnesian Tritetarterios the above weight as a rule do not exceed, a Tritetartemorion. The two letters A O serve in this relationship is not for enlightenment, and also otherwise I would know right now no interpretation can be suggested for it, since it refers neither to a place name nor to a place name epithets the gettin seem to fit, and official names in the Arcadian Geprigen of the 5th century and also occupied by A and O anyway Place not to occur. 1) Cat. of the Brit. Mus. pp. 141, 51-53, plate XXVII 16. 2) In Metapontum there was copper with the value designations OBOAOZ, TE and HE cf. A. v. Sallet, magazine. for number IX 1882 8,144. The TE coins weigh Gr. 2.50.
(535) 11 Tegea, 18. P. 6 — Head of Athena with Attic helmet, 1. KR T in a deepened square. Gr. 0.24 M.S. ace lishy were , 0.14 mon. size 463, 23. 19. P. 6 — Likewise with T in concave field. Gr. 0.13 (perfect preservation). — M.S. The assignment of these Tetartemoria, which are certainly Peloponnesian, to Tegea is based on like that of No. 11 and 16 after Elis and Argos, on the head type and can how these are considered incontestable. Here T comes first as a token of value and just by chance too for the city name. On the obols on the other hand, whose The front shows the head of Athena with the oil wreath instead of the helmet,t) has that capital T on the back only has the latter meaning, such as: B. also H and M the coins of Heraia and Mautineia. Here too, the weights show a highly irregular pattern smallest silver coins. Euboia, To Monn. gr. p. 223 no. 70. If I had been able at that time, to to give a good illustration to the description of this unique piece of the Paris collection, then my learned English friends would hardly agree with the conjecture advise be that the reading EVB replace with EVRoza be and the coin go to Gortyna on Crete.?) I'm now picking up here on panel I No. 19 those sub- let up to prove that EVB really stands in front of the woman's head and Factory and style of the didrachm, stamped with Eretrian types, Eubic and not Cretan are. By the way, the third letter is also wire because of the preservation of the Mint doubtful, what not on the original the case is, so médchte man, especially at the size the scripture, have serious concerns about the legend as one explanatory Caption the head type to view. Such captions are usually fully spelled out and are on one side or the other of the coin accompanied by the name of the city or its initials. From the attempts made by the Eubéians under the influence of the Peloponnesians, To introduce the Aegini currency on the island, the only thing that has been done so far is spoken Didrachmon testimony. Around 400 BC in Eretria name the Kubéer has already formed a new Eubdian-Attic footing and to the top of it 1) Monn, gr. 207, 270-272; Cat. of the Brit. Mus, plate XXXVII 9 and 12. 2) Cat. of the Brit. Mus. Central Greece S. LIX*; Head, Historian num. 307! and 395. It
12 (536) embossing, of who only drachmas and fractions were known!) now also occurs a tetradrachm: 20. P. 25 — Unadorned female head to the right. BR EYB tiber one r. standing cow. Gr. 16.10 M. S. — Plate I No. 20. Cyclades, When creating a descriptive catalog of the island's coins, I have the quite numerous anepigraphic silver coins and their previous allocation had to be subjected to a more detailed examination. It had to open straight away fall that according to some Karthaia, according to others Naxos at the same time, of all truth Contrary to what seems to be the case, two different types have shaped the island Tenos, which has one of the most impressive coin series in the archipelago should come out empty. The inaccuracy of that classification seemed so obvious, that one Try for the correction of the same could not be omitted and, without relying on anything If significant difficulties were encountered, the question could be solved immediately. First and foremost was to determine which coins the island of Keos sure to- come. Last were it Warwick Wroth®) and Head,*) which are the ones assigned to the island compiled written reviews, and I go by the information provided by them mainly here. There we find a not unsightly row of coins from the last two Centuries BC, primarily in copper. Their inscriptions read KEIQN, KAPOAI., HEAD. and IOYAI. Julis was the main town on the island, where without a doubt except the silver and copper coins with the city name also the one with KEIQN designated copper was minted. Karthaia and Koresia were port cities in Southeast and northwest from Julis. One third port city, in the north west, was Poieessa, which one also attributed to coins.*) Just the alleged one Inscription of the same TIOEX. or TIO based, like me I convinced myself on incorrect reading of the half-blurred letters KE*) and Poieessa is therefore 1) Cat. of the Brit. Mus. Centr. Greece pp. 94-97 and plate XVII; Mon. gr. §. 224, 71-75. 2) Cat. of the Brit. Mus. Crete and Aegean Islands p. 89/97, plates XXI and XXII. 3) Hist. num. 8. 410-412. 4) Sestini, Latvia. num. cont. V 28 (Mionnet Suppl. IV 387, 174-177 and Bréndsted, Reisen in Greece I plate XXVII) out the Cousinéry collection in Munich; Friedlander, Magazine f. Number IV, 18. 5) Only the upper half of E is preserved on the Munich specimen, C2 and above The rolled tip of a vine sapling, which Sestini regarded as an O, descends. So The reading TTO arose and, with the completely arbitrary addition of EX in place of the blurred K, TIOEZ! The Berlin copy is also a poorly preserved coin the Keier.
(537) 13 out the list of mints to delete. On Julis, Karthaia and Koresia are now their types grape, amphora and sepia and their special characteristics to distribute the archaic, partly anepigraphic silver coins, which neither according to Cadalvéne (Recueil 8. 233) nor to Briéndsted (loc. cit. p. 127). just very often, but almost exclusively were found on Keos. You Mint foot is the Aiginii common to the Cyclades at the time. The weight of the Stater in the best condition averages 12 gr. and more often than not dartiber. In my opinion, the time of imprinting is in the second half of the year 6th and the beginning of the 5th century. Carthaia, As a mint image from Karthaea is the amphora, with and without foot, through which Inscriptions of a stater or didrachm and a copper coin secured. The Pieces of the most primitive style show the vessel alone, the spiteful ones show a dolphin, or Dolphin and grapes next to it. 21. P. 20 — Amphora. hi Recessed square, diagonally divided into four irregular, partly deeply recessed ones Triangles divided. | Gr. 12.37 Berlin (Prokesch). , 12.05 Brit. Mus. Cat. 90, 14. » 12,—Paris. Beulé, Monn. d’Athénes 27 Fig. » tA, Leake; dns. Size°6.1: > 11.95. Brit. Mus. Cat: 90; 15 “T. "X XI, 7: » 11.95 Berlin, coin box. No. 6. » 11.85 cat. Bompois 1274. » 11.26 sts. 8 p. — Plate I No. 21. Further illustrations in Mionnet’s Rec. des pl. XXXIX, 3; Cadalvéne's Recueil Plate II] 26; Brendsted a. a. O. Plate XXVII 3, 1. There are also hemidrachms (3 sizes), obols (1 size) and lighter pieces (size 0.68 - 0.55) with differently shaped depressions on the back, e.g. B. Cat. of the Brit. Mus. Plate XXI, 9,10 and 12. 22. P. 20 — Amphora; r. next to it dolphin. fi Four recessed triangles, positioned like windmill blades. Gr. 11.81 Brit. Mus. Cat. 90.17 T. XXI, 8. it 1 85M 8. 8/23/13 — Likewise. Gr. 2.86 M.S. — Plate I No. 22. Similar, with the dolphin to the left the amphora; Broendsted a. a. O. T. XXVII, 3, 4 (Didrachmon), Mtinchen (Hemidrachm Gr. 3, 12).
14 (538) 24. §. 19 — Amphora between dolphin on the right and grapes on the left. BR square divided into four recessed three-dimensional stripes by two diagonally drawn wide stripes corner divided; distributed in three of them NA». Gr. 12.—Paris. — Plate I No. 23; Mionnet Rec. des pl. XLI, 4; Brond sted a. a. O. P. 1 and 122. 25, p. 14 — Amphora between Delphin I]. and grapes r. B smooth. Gr. 3.02 Paris. — Plate I No. 24. Similar obols with a four-fold recessed square in the British cat. Mus. Tab. XXI, 11, and with more informal Deepening in Brendsted a. a. O. Plate XXVIEF 3.5. 26. Br. 14 – Amphora; r. next to it dolphin. R CHAP 1. Bunch of grapes with branch. Round depression. Gr. 3.20 M. S. — Plate I No. 25. This is the only copper coin to date with the type of the old silver coins, seems to belong to the 4th century BC. Koresia. The sepia mint image is usually accompanied by the letters 9, 90, K and KO be, which only has the name Koresia are to be interpreted. As was done in Carthaia Here too, first the type without symbols, then with a dolphin or fish next to it, and embossed with various shapes of recessed square on the back; later it also appears on copper. 27. P. 20 — Sepia officinalis; bottom left 9. B for No. 22. Gr. 11.80 Berlin. — Plate I No. 26. See Bréndsted a. a. O. T. XXVII, 20.71; 28. p. 20 — sepia; right next to it is a dolphin. Similar to the above. Gr. 11.63 Brit. Mus. Cat. 93, 48 plate XXII, 1 and Head, Hist. num. 412 Fig. 29. P. 20 — Likewise with square similar to No. 24. Gr. 12.14 Brit. Mus. Cat. 93, 49 T. KAXIL 2: , 12.18 Leake, Ins. Gr. 12.2. 30. p. 20 — sepia; to the right of it is fish and between both Qo. RB similar No. 27. Cadalvéne, Recueil T. IV 2.
(539) 15 31. P. 16 — Likewise, without writing. Gr. 6.02 Paris. Mionnet, Rec. des pl. XXXVII, 7th volume. Brondsted a. a. O. 2c, 2 and cat. of the Brit. Mus. T. XXII, 3. 32. P. 15 — Likewise, with QO between sepia and fish. Gr. 2.90 M. S. — Plate I No. 27. 33. P. 10 — Same as No. 82. Gr. 1.03 Munich. , L—M.S. I know of five variants each of hemidrachms and obols But I find it unnecessary to catalog here. They differ, among other things all through a differently recessed figure on the back. The hemioboli have the dolphin as type, with or without 9 and QO and the back with a recessed square or smooth, cf. Bréndsted a. a. O. T. XXVII 2c, 7-11 and cat. of Brit. Mus. T. XXII, 6 and 7 (size 0.48-0.35). The end of the silver coinage is formed by a few even smaller denominations: 34. p. 8 — dolphin right; Above the back an indeterminate object. RE K in a recessed square. Gr. 0.385 and 0.28 Brit. Mus., not catalogued. » 9.35 Berlin (Prokesh s. Kalymna). 35. P. 7 — Likewise with 9 under the dolphin. Gr. 0.24 Dr. Weber London. , 0.20 Berlin (Fox). JORIS: 36. Br. 10 — Sepia; to the left is a dolphin. K Bunch of grapes with branch between K—O. Brit. Mus. Bat. Te XK tho Ge 37. Br. 12 — Likewise, without the dolphin. Gr. 1.53 M. S. — Plate I No. 28. Brit. Mus. a. a. O. 10. ete. Julis, There is one of the two Keish silver emblems with the amphora and the sepia third similar one to the side, the one with the grape as a mint image. It again- get exactly the same changes on the front and back the lost different parts, as in those of Carthaia and Koresia. Appears first the grape without a symbol, in the episode with a dolphin to the side, or too
16 (540) between a dolphin and a small bunch of grapes; on the back there is the usual one Change of shape of the depressions takes place. This completely rounded coin group, in which, as in the two other groups, the stater and its parts represented up to the hemiobolion are, they used to mix with the safe expressions of Carthaia. But since it is According to what has been said so far, it is not possible to store these grape coins in Carthaia. bring, like that have to they belong to a third Greek city, and this can only be Julis.*) Before I go on to describe the main varieties of anepigraphic Julian coins, It should be noted, however, that not all of these prige with the grape type to pay are which one until now Karthaia or was accustomed to attribute to Naxos. These differ namely, both after the shape of the fruit and that of the recessed square into two particular ones classes, the around point to different origins more surely than they do at the same time are. One group shows the bunch of grapes massive, usually triangular and without berries sprouting on the sides; In addition, any additional symbols and the are correct Deepenings on the back sides correspond to those common in Carthaia and Koresia. So these coins definitely belong to Julis. The grape appears in the other group constant with a row of berries protruding from the top to the middle on both sides; Their berries are generally smaller and more numerous than on the Julian, and bei- characters do not appear. To that is the recessed square this series of coins is different designed than on the Keian Geprigen, it almost always remains the same and is identical. table with that of the contemporary coins of Naxos and Paros. This second one The group is now, in my firm conviction, entering into the gap that I was pointing to of numismatics the island of Tenos as safe fillable already drawn attention have. To clear any doubts of correctness this new attribution I'm just stating the fact on, not only that the grapes one the Main types of Tenos, but also the more spiteful form of the fruit the old three- has remained articulated, only fuller and more finely executed. The description of the Tenian grape mints follows under No. 67-69; here that of the Julian. 38. P. 19 — Bunch of grapes with a branch. R Four triangular depressions, set like windmill blades. Gr. 11.09 Berlin. — Plate I No. 29. Mint Cabinet 1877 No. 4. 39. P. 12 — Grapes, with 8 or 9 berries, arranged in a triangular shape. R Recessed square (various shapes). Gr. 3.25 Berlin. ., 3.09 M.S. — Plate I No. 30. 1) According to Head, Hist. num. 412 the old type of Julis was a watering can. That the I will prove further below that the state in question is not a false belief.
(541) 17 Gr. 2.59 Brit. Mus. Cat. 91.24 T. XXI 13. » 2.46M. 8. Brondsted a. a. O. T. XXVII 3, 6. 40. P. 183 - Grapes covered in a triangle with spiral berries. R Recessed square divided into four parts. Gr. 1.64 Munich. Brendsted a. a. O. 7. 8/41/9 — Grapes with five large berries. ki Recessed square (form No. 38, 40 and others). Gr. 1.08 M. S. — Plate I No. 81. 5 1.-> Brit. Mus. Cat. 91, 28-7. XXI7 15. 40.00 uur. » 0.80 Brit. Mus. Cat. 91, 30. 7. Obes - Reese | ee Ae, %pL2 Brendsted a. a. O. I 77, Fig. 2. Cadalvéne, Recueil T. III 28. 42. P. 9 — Likewise, with two leaves on the stem of the grape. Gr. 0.84 Brit. Mus. Cat. 91, 29 T. XXI 16. 43. P. 21 — grapes; to the left is a dolphin. & square, divided into eight triangles, four of which are recessed. Gr. 12.15 Copenhagen. — Plate I No. 382. 44.8. 21 — Similar, with four recessed ones crosswise posed triangles on the Back. Gr. 11.90 Mus. Turin. — Plate I No. 33. 8/45/21 — Bunch of grapes between dolphin on the right and small grape on the left. RB similar No. 38. Gr. 11.88 Photiades Pascha. — Plate I No. 34. » 11.61 Paris, with five depressions on the Rs. 46. P. 17 — Likewise. Size...5.71 Brit..MustCat. 92.84. T.oXX1 49, 47. P. 13 — grapes; to the right is a dolphin with its head facing upwards. EK like the above. Gr. 2.85 Brit. Mus. Cat. 92, 35. 48. P. 9 — Similar. Gr. 1.41 Mionnet Suppl. IV, 372, 32. 49. P. 9 — Bunch of grapes with nine berries between three-berry bunches on the left and dolphin on the right. k Four recessed triangles. Gr. 0.96 M. S. — Plate I No. 35. » 0.90 Copenhagen. » 9.83M. 8. Dep. d. I. Cl. d.k. Ak. d. Know. XVIII. Vol. III. Abth. (72) 3
18 50. 51. 52. 53. 54. 55. 56. (542) P. 9 — Likewise, with a recessed square divided into four. Gr. 0.69 Brit. Mus. Cat. 92.37 T. XXI, 18. See Bréndsted a. a. O. T. XXVII 3.8 with five-berry grape, apparently without a dolphin. P. 10 — Grapes with five large berries; to the left is a dolphin. R Four recessed triangles, arranged like windmill blades. Gr. 1.01 Munich. ,, 1.— Brit. Mus. Cat. 92.36 T. XXI, 17. », 0.99 Leake Suppl. 115. 0.95 M.S. — Plate I No. 36. p. 8 — dolphin to the right; underneath grapes with three berries on the left. KR like No. 51. Gti. 048.0P. dix. p. 8 — dolphin right; underneath, the same symbol to the right. R Recessed square, divided into four triangles by two diagonals. Gr. 0.56 Mionnet S. V 372, 33. ,, 0.49 Munich. Brondsted a. a. O. T. XXVII 2c, 10. P. 8. — Dolphin 1.; underneath a three-berry shoot to the right. RB smooth. Gr. 0.50 Brit. Mus. Cat. 92.38 T. XXI 21. ., 0.48 million a. a. O. 34. ,, 0.34M. 8S. — Plate I No. 37. Brendsted a. a. O. T. XXVII 2c, 11. See Cadalvéne, Recueil III 29. It is uncertain whether the following three coins belong to Julis. P. 14 — Grapes. BR front part of a ship r. in a slightly recessed square. Gr. 2.32 Photiades Pascha. — Plate I No. 38. P. 9 — Grapes. R dolphin (?) r. in a slightly recessed square. Gr. 0.40 Vienna. — Plate I No. 389. A copy of this coin was in the Hermand collection and was by Mionnet Descr. VI 631,129 and Sestini Lett. num. contin. V 22.4 with the correct size information and then again from Mionnet Suppl. IV 380, 101 (Koresia) incorrectly published as a stater. 57. P. 9 — Five-berry grapes. R half of the shield (?) in a slightly recessed square. Gr. 0.46 Berlin (Fox). — Plate I No. 40.
(543) 19 The island of Keos also has an archaic coin with the bee given.') However, this type cannot be found in any of the old Greek mint groups accommodate. In addition, the weight of the piece is also suitable, size. 3.42, not here, since it represents a quarter stater of the Phénician system. Had this mint foot but only Dorian island states, e.g. B. Melos, assumed and therefore also in one like that the privilege of the mint must be sought with the bee. Maybe was it the Sporade Anaphe, where on copper coins over one as a honey container declared vessels appear to contain a flying bee. Finally, the following stater (No. 58) was incorrectly assigned to Julis. Melos. 58. P. 20 — WA (?) Single-handled casting vessel (oivoyon or zedxovg) with the 1 A’ mouth to the right. hk Recessed square, divided into four triangles by two diagonally drawn wide stripes corner divided. Gr. 14.44 Paris. — Plate II No. 1. The first note of this coin can be found at Mionnet Descr. VI 629, 118 among the “undetermined” where for the main side a one-handled jug between Vi... and snake and for the back the letter A in one of the recessed ones triangles is given. Brénd gave a new description along with a good illustration. sted, Traveling in Greece I 8S. 76 and 126; He thought the vessel was a Kantharos, and for his reading of the inscription [A or VI..€ he suggested the incredible results- ginnings 3(1A)VI or (A2)43—IA(YOI). In Leba and Waddington's Voyage archéologique, Explicit. of the Inscr. III 8. 3 Note 4, 2 the mint stands without further notice Commentary among the melic ones, marked |AWAA, according to an attribution of the Duke de Luynes. Finally, head, hist. num. 8. 412, the coin for a stater of the Ayginéan system with “JOV (2?) AI” written on it and writes accordingly- According to the piece again July, as the only archaic character of this city. Meanwhile, two other pieces were grouped together with the Paris coin: 59. P. 20 — Oinochoé with the mouth to the left; to the left YES. FR Similar square. Gr. 14.11 M. 8. — Plate II No. 2. 60. P. 7 — The same type. II Four recessed triangles, arranged like windmill blades. Gr. 0.388 Athens. — Plate II No. 3. That these coins neither belong to a city on Keos nor to any other island the Cyclades, where in the 6th and 5th centuries BC. exclusively according to Aegini 1) Revue number 1861 p. 419 plate XVIII, 7. 3*
20 (544) Feet was beaten!) are proven by the weights of the two staters No. 58 and 59. These are Phénician systems, which, as already seen, whins, on the Sporade Melos and at the same time further edstlich e.g. B. on Karpathos (Poseidion) and Rodos (Jalysos and Lindos) ruled. The Oinochoémiinzen, tiber There can be no doubt about their attribution to an island in the Greek archipelago can, so they certainly belong to one of the islands with a Doric system on, and these The Duke de Luynes probably suggested this at the time Melos guided. The inscription |A of the second stater which I received from Athens in 1866 and mine previous reading of the Paris copy: WAAN-1A had this idea at the time make the blow seem very questionable and lead me to try another solution. clarification of the labels. Although today I have a different opinion again become more than then, I will still leave the one written more than ten years ago but unprinted note follows here in the excerpt, precisely because it provides the proof delivers, that any research into a different location in the small Mtinz group than Melos remains in vain. »Apart from that of it, that the mint image of Melos the apple, - a talking one Coat of arms, - was and that, especially at the time when coins only had one type of coin were minted, the assumption of simultaneous imprinting with two different types appears inadmissible in one and the same place, the reading IAVM also seriously arouses cial concerns. Firstly, it is strange that, especially on such a carefully cut stamp, like that of the stater in question, is incorrect posed A should; and secondly The question is still whether M without further to be understood as the initial of the place name be. On the Stater No. 59 are namely only the letters [A can be read, and there seem to be no others compared to these to have stood characters; because if this were the case, then it would also be possible on the empty space between the edge of the coin and the vessel, which is slightly wider is as on the opposite side the distance of the writing from the type, nor the Tips of any letters on the stamp can be perceived during this not the slightest trace can be discovered. ..If you take 1A as the first letter of the name, then: However, none of the possible reading combinations to a result, neither Y} and 1Y, still 1A and Al.2) Now was but as is well known, A too an old form of Gamma, attested by both inscriptions and coins,*) and therefore still remains Way out [I and FIMv to read and to connect the question with this suggestion, whether this reading could not be interpreted as referring to KIMAQAo¢, the name of the Melos 1) Except for Keos on Naxos, Paros, Siphnos and Tenos. 2) Lib eia, a rocky islet near Melos, cannot be considered here. 3) On coins from Argos: Imhoof and Keller, images of animals and plants Plate IV, 25; from Gortyna Cat. of Brit. Mus. Crete pp. 37 and 38.
(545) 21 initially located, independent and not insignificant because of their export trade- the island.*) »Both because of the impossibility for the letters {A a more suitable one to find names, rather than because of the location of Kimolos, the temptation to answer the question in the affirmative is quite obvious; stand alone on the other side this in turn counters concerns, which is almost impossible to eliminate will be. As easy as it is, for changing initial y and x examples to teach, there are none with a following +. In addition, x seems always been the older form to be, from which y is formed by softening, while for Kégwdog the unlikely reverse process is assumed would have to. And the possibility of identifying it is also questionable quite certain sign y with w, not just because this form is a previously unknown one is, but also because the differently placed open o of the Melian alphabet, C, only can stand for the short vowel.”) In view of these currently insurmountable Kimolos will also have to forego the difficulties that are in question - to claim the coins as his stamp, and as before, the closer one seems to be Determination of wanting to remain a rite of passage. In the meantime, the question about the Prigorte had given me no peace less than the island circle within which it had to be searched for, a narrowly limited one had to be. The thought of Kimolos had to be given up completely 5) and recently with that one to swap with Melos. On a recently obtained fresh photograph Prints of the Paris Mint were therefore the inspection of the inscription repeated, until finally the one in description no. 58 specified happy reading succeeded. Quite On the edge of the coin, the previously ignored long one is still clearly visible Starting line of the (W from the field, and next to this character now also takes the no longer doubtful A assumes its correct position. That ancient myform but proves that the coins with the Oinochoé are older than those with the Apple, all of which show AA, and with that the concern disappears against the increase division of the vessel type to Melos, as this apparently not at the same time as that apple, but was pressed before the latter was introduced. Finally is also to be assumed that the actual two first letters on the stamp of the second stater, but slightly because of the protruding handle had moved further away from the type than IA and only because of the too the small area of the planchet could not have been pressed out. 1) Cf. the geographical works of Bursian, Kiepert, Lolling and others. 2) Kirchhoff, studies to the story of the Greek alphabet (4) 8. 71 and 73. Even in the knee I also found a coin C for o according to the alphabet, Zeitschr. for Number I, p. 142, Plate IV 16. 3) Because of the softening of an x in y, see G. Curtius, Basics of Greek Etymology (5) p. 533 ff. and G. Meyer, Gr. Gram. (1) § 198.
92 (546) According to Kirchhoff!) the transition from WW to M took place around 500 BC. found, so that the coins with the Oinochoé are somewhat ahead, and those of the same kind Priaging with the apple should be done shortly after this point. There is this also provides an indication of the age of Stater No. 24 and 29 of Carthaia and Koresia. At this point, there is still one that is in the Berlin collection. anepigraphic stater attributed to licher Melos, whose apple type both as especially the double square decorated with three rings are quite peculiar.) To that is the stick dude as the Oinochoémtinzes, so that it yourself not chronologically can be inserted between this and the safe apple mints from Melos. I doubt therefore on its melic origin, and since it is according to its weight (Gr. 13.80) Although it does not seem to belong to Side in Pamphylia, this coin remains probably best among the indefinite ones. The three previously known varieties of the oldest staters with the apple type*) I'll add a fourth one here: 61. 38. 25° — IA| AM. Angular apple with two small leaves. Pearl circle. BR Four recessed triangles with M A in two of them, and beaded border. Gr. 14.30 Paris. — Plate II No. 4. About a century younger than these tortures is the one that follows also a small series of coins, the currency of which was the heavier Rodian one: 62. P. 20 — Apple with two leaves on the stem. Pearl circle. R MIA _ Tip of a downward-pointing Rod of Poseidon with four points. A\I Raised edge. Gr. 7,374) M. S. — Plate II No. 5. 63. P. 21 — Almost identical. Helmet as a counter brand. de i Kantharos. Edge as well. Gr. 7.97 Brit. Mus. Cat. 103, 1 plate XXII, 16, and Cadalvéne, Recueil Tako Ly, 20. The copy of this mint in Leakes Num. Hell Suppl. p. 164, 1 (Gr. 4.77) is undoubtedly a cast after the London Mint. Apart from this, there are still other also cast specimens of various weights, probably all of them the time before the original was introduced into the British. Museum reached. 1) A.a. O. P. 73 and plates I, XII. 2) The k. Mint cabinet (2) 1877 plate I 8. See Imhoof and Keller, animal and plant pictures Taf, IX 31-33. 3) Mus. Hunter p. 196, 1-3 plates XXXVI 26 and 27. 4) Before the oxide covering the types was removed, the coin weighed 1 gram more, which I note here simply for the purpose of preventing conclusions from being drawn from weights Silver coins to warn.
(547) 23 64. P. 20 — Apple with two leaves, without pearl circle. RMA. Kantharos. Raised edge. Gr. 7.44 M. 8. — Plate II No. 6. 65. P. 20 — Identical stamp. Ki MA under a ram's head 1. Edge as well. Gr. 7.40 M. S. — Plate II No. 7. Since +0 «wijdov means both the sheep and the apple, both can be used here Types of the Hemistater are considered to be talking coats of arms. Only after a long pause, around 200 BC, did Melos take action recently to a silver test, namely to his last. These are the ones Coins with magistrate names') (Monn. gr. pp. 224 and 225); the older ones of the same still show the old Doric form the resident's name, the remaining MHAIQN. What is strange is the type of the following bronze coin, one of the last prizes ations of the island (3rd century AD): 66. Br. 24 — T | [X] Bearded figure with naked upper body right. standing, the V | H~ raised r. Arm leaning on a stool behind her, and on the left holding a child, which the arms r. stretched up. The whole thing surrounded by a wreath of lightning. R UW | 1A | HM on three lines in a leaf wreath. M.S) ~ ‘Tadol it No.8. On similar approximately contemporary copper coins one finds between the letters the inscription TVXH (also incorrect TVKH) the ones with it designated female figure with scepter and fiillhorn,?) or, besides one Siaule, with that Fiillhorn alone*) or with a child in his arms.*) Since the image and inscription on our coin do not correspond, so may perhaps be assumed that the stamp cutter made from the female figure arbitrarily made a male one and the word TVXH served as a model other coins thoughtlessly copied from these. Tenos. Because of the new allocation of the following group of anepigraphic coins After Tenos I refer to what was said in the discussion of Keian numismatics (above p. 16 = 540). 1) The quarter stater with AYZXANIAZ appears to be a fake; see Lebas and Wad- dington a. a. O.S. 6. 2) Berlin. 3) Paris. Lebas and Waddington a. a. O. 5, 15. 4)Paris. Lebas and Waddington a. a. O. 5:13; Pellerin Ree. III, plate CIV 2. — Sestini, Descr. di molte med. 1828 Plate XIV 1. — Mus. Hunter p. 196, 5.
24 (548) 67. P. 21 — Grapes. BR Deepened irregular square. Gr. 12.05 L. de deer. — Plate II No. 9. 68. pp. 13-11 — grapes. R Recessed square divided into four parts. Gr. 2.60 Berlin, Prokesch, Dept. of Berl. Academy 1845 Plate III 62. », 2.55 4, Prokesch, Inedita 1854 Plate III 108. , 2,501 British Mus. Cat. 91, 26. sy SRDS INES 331K: ,, 2.48 Brit. Mus. Cat. 91, 25 T. XXI, 14. ., 2.46 Berlin, the k. Coincab. (2) No. 5. ., 2.46 M. S. — Plate II No. 10. ,, 2.45 Leake Suppl. 155. , 2.45 Brit. Mus. Cat. 91, 27. — (W435. AM SS. . 2.87 M. 8. — Plate II No. 11. , 2.30 Vienna. — Plate II No. 12. 69. P. 6 — Likewise. Gr. 0.39 Brit. Mus. Cat. 92, 33. — Plate LNo. 7 is: Pegasos coins. On page 120 of my “Acarnania Coins” (Vienna 1878) I mentioned the pre- come of the sign © or & on Pegasos coins from different cities and different different value, and rejected the view that the letter could be the initial of the Name of a related one Acarnan city stand, as unlikely, without, however, being able to give any other explanation for it. Since then, various other pieces with the same character have appeared mean Possession reached, underneath one in particular cute drachma (Corinthian System) of the city of Dyrrachion (No. 74). This latest acquisition seemed interesting to me interesting enough to to approach that most unnecessary question again and to this Purposes to compile all previously known embossments with the sigma. As a result of the grouping carried out, the fact emerged that that & or & is a common symbol of simultaneous staters and partial coins of Leukas, Ambrakia, Dyrrachion and perhaps Corinth was, that on Pegasos Minzens of other cities don't seem to occur!) and that the same thing usually happens 1) On Pegaso staters from Anaktorion (op. cit. pp. 71, 583-55) this is alternated with ZI- Selnde © for an official's name; In addition, these coins are of recent date. — Also the Syracusan stampings with =, in the three metals, cannot be considered here, because they belong to the second half of the 4th century, have different head types and are based on the Show the gold coins =O) instead of =.
(549) 25 in noticeably large font and very often backwards, as if around it from the to clearly separate other characters. This is therefore a sign that appears to be the result of someone Agreement between the three or four cities mentioned on their prizes been set. But such an agreement necessarily leaves a bond between the two require the relevant places, and with probability a special alliance the same against the towns that had joined the Attic Sea League, which had a similar reputation, like this in the first quarter of the 4th century BC, in which the coins seem to belong to the sigmoid colon could.!) From this experience knowledge to interpret the letter the step is no longer big: there © the characteristic sign of the federal government issued during a short period is coins, then it is undoubtedly related to the word that means it political relationship of the cities, and is as the initial by ovumayia or ouupayexoy. This explanation appears to be confirmed by a completely analogous test the same time, namely through the around 394 BC. Silver staters minted in BC the connected places Ephesus, Samos, Rodos, Knidos and Jasos. These show knowable next to dem communal reverse side picture, dem snake-eating Children of Heracles, the inscription SYN, also standing for ovuuayexoy, like Waddington in the Revue No. 1863 8. 223 ff. The following is an overview of the federal coins marked with = Descriptions. Dyrrachion, 71. P. 24 — Athena's head to the right; in front of the helmet little dolphin; behind = and club. K A under Pegasus flying to the right.?) Gr, 8,o1o.J < 2; Sax. de CEO Nes oe » 8.20 and 8.55 Brit. Mus. Cat. 101, 4 and 5. 72, 8p. 22 — AYPPAXINQN in front of the head of the Athenians; behind = and club. i Pegasus flying to the right. Gr. 8.47 Brit. Mus: Cat. 100, °3 plate XXVI 4. » 8.32 in trade. Millingen, Syll. Plate I 27. 1) See Eugen Oberhummer's excellent monograph, Acarnania, Ambrakia, Amphilochia, Leukas in Antiquity” Munich 1887 pp. 116-128. 2) Although here and in most of the following pieces the head is on that side of the Minted is which one, because more or less concay, as a back side to consider I still deliberately put the header page first in the descriptions. Dep. d. I. Cl. d. k, Ak. d. Know. XVIII. Vol. III. Abth. (73) 4
96 (550) "3. P. 22 - AYPPAXINQN in front of the same head to the left; behind it = and club. R identical stamp. Gr. 8.53 J.P. Six. — Plate II No. 14. ,, 8.36 Brit. Mus. Cat. 100, 2 plates XXVI, 3. » 8,385 Gotha. "4. P. 16 - Head of a Mainade (?) to the right, with four grapes, Sphendone, Earring and necklace decorated; behind 3. RB Pegasus striding to the right with wings curved inwards; between the legs A, and r. in the field big €, Gr. 2.80M. 8S. — Plate II No. 15. See No. below 82. The bowl this drachma is very reminiscent the equally decorated one the Oldest coins from Histiaia, which are, however, of a somewhat less strict style. Ambracia. 75. P. 23 — Athena's head to the right; in front of him A; S and horned at the back goat-legged Pan, r. striding, and with his left one over his shoulder holding a laid branch. Below HA. RB A. Pegasos flying to the right. Gr. 8.25 M. S. — Plate II No. 16. Mus. Santangelo No. 11201. 76. P. 21 — Likewise, with Pegasus to the left. Gr. 8.45 Brit. Museum Cat. 115, 1 and 2 plates XXXI, 1 and 2, incorrect Attributed to Anaktorion. 5») B43. P. Ste, , 9.30 M.S. 77. P. 15 — Female head with collar from the front, tilted slightly to the left, between the letters A and €, BR Pegasos flying to the left. Gr. 2.65 Mus. Athens. Postolakka, cat. of island coins No. 641, plate III. In the Coins of Acarnania* p. 98.2 I had this drachma Astakos ge- give; But I now think it's more likely that its letters are the same those of Stater No. 75 and 76 to interpret are. After the symbols machienmtinzen from Leukas and Dyrrachion Tetrobolen have shown, remain so the same can be expected for Ambrakia. Postolakka's reading A © a. a. O. No. 642 is unlikely; either stands only = or = as on No. 640 (here No. 81), or A and =; or finally instead of the alleged letters you can simply see tips of fluttering hair.
(551) 7 27 Leukas, 78. P. 21 - Head of Athena to the left; above it = and behind it a bunch of grapes with two leaves. R.A. Pegasus flying to the right with wings curved inwards. Gr. ‘8.33 M. 8. Imhoof a. a, O.. 8. 117, 3. , 98.03 Brit. Mus. Cat. 129.47 plate XXXV, 15. 79. P. 21 — Likewise, with = under the head. 80 81 82 83 84. 85 Gr. 8.26 Brit. Mus. Cat. 129, 48. Paris. Imbhoof a. a. O. 4. , 8.32 (Pegasus with peaks wings) Brit. Museum Cat. 129, 49 THe. RRA Lie, . P. 21 — Head of Athena to the right; behind it © and behind it a bunch of grapes with tendrils. K same stamp as No. 8 and 9. Gr. 8.52 M.S. Imhoof a. a. O. 5. — Plate Il No. 17. , 8.51 Mus. Athens. Postolakka a. a. O. 565a. , 8.26 Brit. Mus. Cat. 129, 46 plates XXXV, 14. P. 16 — Female head with collar from the front, slightly inclined to the right; right next to &. ER A. Pegasus flying to the right. Gr. 2.79 Mus. Athens. Postolakka a. a. O. 640 plate III and Imhoof a. a. O. Plate II] 12. — Here plate IL No. 18. » 2.03 Brit. Mus. Cat. 135,115 plate XXXVII, 4. P. 16 - Head of a Mainade (?) to the right, with three grapes, Sphendone, Earring and necklace decorated; rear 3, front A, RK A. Pegasus flying to the right. Gr. 2.53 Brit. Mus. Cat. 185, 116 plate XXXVII 5 and our plate II No. 19. See No. above 74. P. 12 — Female head with sphendone, earring and collar right; there- behind =. R A Front part of Pegasus to the left, with wings curved inwards. Gr. 1.37M. 8S. — Plate II No. 20. P. 10 — A. Pegasus flying to the left with pointed wings. & Gorgoneion with snake hair from the front; bottom right &. Gr. 0.69 M.S. Imhoof a. a. O. S. 119.13 Plate I 38. — Here Plate II No. 21. » 0.52 Brit. Mus. 137, 140 without mention of 3, plate XXXVII, 14. P. 10 — Likewise, with = r. under the Gorgoneion. Gr. 0.67 Mus. Athens. Postolakka a. a. O. No. 645. 4*
28 (552) 86. P. 9 — A. Pegasus flying to the left with pointed wings. R = to the right of a trident. Gr. 0.41 Munich. — Plate II No. 22. 87. P. 9 — Likewise, with = 1. next to the trident. Gr. 0.45 Mus. Athens. Postolakka a. a. O. 648. ,, 0.32 Brit. Mus. Cat. 137, 144 plate XXXVII, 17. Korinthos. 88. P. 22 — Head of Athena to the right between 3 and 9; in front of the helmet Dolphin. BR Pegasos flying to the right. Gr. 8.54 sts. 8 p. — Plate II No. 28. Mus. Santangelo No. 11000. 89. P. 22 — Likewise, without 9 in front of the head. R of the same stamp, but with 9 under the Pegasos.*) Gr. 8.60 J.P. Six. », 8.46 with Rs. of other stamp. M.S. ,, 8.20 Brit. Mus. Cat. 47, 390 plate VIII 7. 90. P. 22 - Head of Athena to the left; in front of the helmet dolphin; back =. R same stamp as No. 88 and 89, with a faintly indicated ° Gri 'B,35.J.'P. Six. The extraordinary position of the 9 on the front of Stater No. 88 and the size of the 3 opposite the city symbol on the same side seem to leave no doubt that this sigma can be explained in the same way on the coins with A—S= and S—A or A—€., Other staters with the dolphin as a symbol, in four varieties, show a <= in small font; also a Hemistater (€& under the Chimaira, m. 8.) and the the following drachma: 91. P. 17 — Female head with bandage on the left between © and dolphin. R Q L. flying Pegasos. Gr. 2.68 J.P. Six. — Similar Mus. Hunter plate XX 15, without visible cash <=, It is questionable whether in this last group*) the © has the name come, like on the Staters No. 88-90. I don't think so for probably. 1) The Stater No. 88 is after the following two no. 89 and 90 were priged; there you see the city sign? on the head of the new stamp was placed on the The symbol was removed from the old reverse stamp as superfluous. 2) See Cat. Brit. Mus. pp. 46/47.
(553) 29 In Dyrrachion, Ambrakia and Leukas there are only two or three different Symmachiestaters were stamped and this is also how it was in Corinth be, d. h. The coins are minted with the covenant symbol in all four places lasted at most two to three years, maybe just one. From just now Such a short duration also seems to be the issue of the rare small ones marked [YN _ to have been an Asian stater. In the Museum Hunter plate LITT 24 there is a silver coin for the city of Syracuse attributed, which hardly belongs there: 92. P. 11 — Pegasus standing to the right with its wings curved inwards. & The same type to the left between © and Y, Gr. 0.76. Only Corinth, Leukas and Anaktorion have this much known with the Pegasos form embossed on each side. Maybe is on the front of the original Hunter's coin can still be seen the trace of a city symbol, such as that of Leukas, which city in its coin series with the sigma just the nominal with the two Pegasus pictures missing. Whether in this case £Y stands for ovpuayexor, must remain undecided for the time being. Regarding the inscriptions on Pegasos coins, the list of which I a. a. O. P. 5-7 given, has since come through Lébbecke ETPATIQN.') Also new is a stater with the full name of the Korkyraians: 93. P. 22 — (KO)PKYPAIQN. Athena's head to the right; behind it, amphora decorated with grapes. Pegasus flying to the right. Gr. 8.45 M. S. — Plate II No. 24. More likely after Medeon, whose area extends to the Ambracian golf extended, than to the south Metropolis located in Stratos is one of them Stater I a. a. O. P. 143, 3 described, and the following aging trihemiobolia: 94. 5. 9 — M. Pegasus flying to the left with wings curved inwards. R Gorgoneion from the front. Gr. 0.63M. 8S. — Plate II No. 25. 95. p..9 — Likewise, with Poche on the Rs. Gr. 0.67 Brit. Mus. 142.11 Plate XXXIX, 8. 96. P. 10 — MA above the Pegasus flying to the right with pointed wings. KR angle measuring cross with four points between the legs. Gr. 0.46 Dr. H. Weber London. — Plate II No. 26. 1) Magazine fir Num. XV 40, plate III 6.
30 (554) Since then I wrote the above, is the volume of the coin catalog of the Brit. Museum appeared, in which head the Pegasosmintinzen, along with an excellent one Guide to this. The quotes from it, which I only mean as an afterthought As I was able to add descriptions, I will allow a few small corrections here follow the catalogs mentioned. Plate XXVII 14 8. 106.17 does not have a "rosebud" under Pegasus, but ” ” ” ” ” ” one of tortoise surrounded by a snake, see my “Choix de monn. large plate 129 and “animal and plant images” plate VI 28. XXVIII 14 p. 108, 35 and 36 do not show A and Swan on the head page, but A and also the tortoise with the snake. XXXI3 8. 115, 3 has like No. 1 and 2 A under the Pegasos and therefore belongs like this one to Ambrakia. XXXII 12 8. 120, 64. The indefinite one Symbol, in the child line 8. LIX with ,a strap or leather thong* compared, and that I in the » coins Acarnania* §. 76 had been reproduced from four different copies, without being able to suggest an explanation for this at the time, I am now often encountered on other monuments. Ls is hiring Plectrum, a symbol that belongs to the numerous other Apollonian ones anactuator stater fits perfectly. Illustrations of the instrument one in Rich and Chéruel, Dict. des antiquités p. 492, in the Archiol. Newspaper 1858 pp. 182-190 plates 115, 3, 7-11, m K. by Jan, the Greek strings instruments 1882 pp. 12 and 30, 83 etc. According to the factory, XXX(X 2 is Italian and probably belongs to the Lokrians. XXXIX 4 has on another specimen A behind the head of Athena, and is from Ambrakia. XXXIX 5 is probably from there. XXXIX 7 yon Dyrrachion. The appendage on the A is due to damage in the Prig Temple.
(555) 31 ASIA. PONTOS. About the Stüidtemtinzen the Pontic and Paphlagonian provinces, from which I created a catalog with a commentary, I occasionally thought of one to publish a larger treatise. LFor now, and maybe forever, at the Execution of this project prevented, I want to highlight the more important of the numismatic matic corrections and some unknown coins of the mentioned provinces give a place. What needed to be corrected was primarily the previous headquarters of the city's cal calculations. Kckhel's calculations supported this partially on Information from earlier or contemporary numismatists, the us the experience does I have long been used to using it with caution. Several of these details were really wrong and therefore led Eckhel in some cases to erroneous conclusions. Despite our enrichment of dated coins for a century, they seem Results never being subjected to serious scrutiny again and so on Have they established themselves as an irrefutable fact in the literature on antiquity? science has been preserved up to the present day. An overview of the changes that my research has made for each temporary beginning of the eras of Pontic cities are, gives the following List, in which, in addition to the newly acquired data, also the previously accepted data stand. I have copied the latter from the latest numismatic handbook, which from the treasured Historia Numorum Heads (1887). Aera of Amaseia 2 BC instead of as before 7 B.C. BC Sebastopolis 2 a Amisos 31 P.A * 30 ‘a Komana 35 AD - 40 AD Kerasos 64 a bs 63 e Neokaisareia Trapezius 63 x Zela
32 (556) For the determination of the era of Amaseia is. before everyone the date PIA (164) important, which is on coins with the portraits of M. Aurelius and L. Verus occurs (see No. 3 below). Since the inauguration of the two emperors took place on March 161 - falls, then the beginning of the urban calendar cannot be before the year 3/2 BC. be set. On the other hand, the data of Domitian (95), Commodus, allow (191) and Alexander (234) defied the beginning of the era by three years. add. Of the years in question, 3 BC to 1 AD, However, I suggest year 2 because the same coincides with the beginning of the secured era of the also Pontic city of Sebastopolis (see below). All others known so far are consistent with the year 2 BC Data amaseic. coins.’) €g 95 — Autumn 92 — Autumn 93 AD with pictures. of Domitian (81-96) M. 8. GDP 112 i eae ns Traian (98-117) Vienna EIP —=—_—silia po ate A 2 M.8. PNE 155 hs ee .. Antoninus Pius (138-161) Leake PNZ 157 16> 4, a a Paris PNH 158 ie0e "5 vi 7 Paris Pia 164 toe, ., M. Aurelius(161—180) M.S. a ms Ae i a L. Verus(161—169) Paris PILE 165 is Wee . = Vienna PIO (?) 169 Lek goodbye 7 FA Sestini PTTO 189 hyo Lee ., Commodus (180-192) Paris Pq (?) 190 188: ,, A 5 Sestini PIA 19] lec yer ea * Paris Ch 208 206.'* &: », Severus(193-211) Paris et al. a : ie as the Julia Domna,, _,, * a FS of Caracalla ,, ,, 3 ” ” ” ” ” Geta ” ” CO 209 Lae + the same Paris et al. Cl 210 BUS 4, - Caracalla Mee. CKH 228 Boor Sev. Alexander (222-235) Paris, Vienna CAA 234 Yes Lee a it Paris 1) The possible ones, but only from Vaillant, Sestini and others. known unreliable authors Data is here and later accompanied by a (?).
(557) 33 As incorrect readings remain to be deleted PTTO to Faustina junior (Mionnet II 335, 7). How Babelon gave me goodness allocate, is only the first of the date of the coin in question Signs visible. Without a doubt PI€ or PLO confessed. PTTO to M. Aurelius, after Webster in the Num. Chronicle 1873, 24; either is the Head the one of Commodus, or the number is wrong. P9O to Commodus to Vaillant and Sestini; probably reading PTTO. It is unclear whether the year 2 BC was also the provincial era of the Galatian Pontus for the time being still undetermined. So far, people have maintained it for these, that of the province Paphlagonia, to assume the year 7 BC.') The era of the cities of Amaseia and But Sebastopolis can easily be based on another reason. Also Komana counts his years differently than those of the provincial establishment.?) Era of Amisos. This is generally considered to be the beginning of this era Year 33 BC*) And yet data is already secure at the beginning of this century became known, the Sanclemente*) and Sestini,®) although not in the correct way, but led to a more spiteful year, 32 BC. With the number PKO (129) for You had Trajan Of course, the year 31 was supposed to come back then January 98 AD Trajan did not reign as Augustus, and to this era all other mint data were completely correct. So are e.g. B. the latest data for Aelius P=O (138 AD BC), Caracalla CMH (217 AD) and Macrinus CMO (218 AD) are the last years of the reign of those concerned. This correction of the Amisenic era receives a glowing confirmation by the copper coin with the portrait of Balbinus, which was found in A. von Sallets Data from the Alexandrian Imperial Mints 8. 59 note 134°) without further description found mentioned. Since the reign of this emperor only lasted from March to June 238, this was the case If the year 31 is assumed to be the beginning of the era, the date C=O© (269) on the coin to be expected, and this prerequisite actually became a certainty, after- gave me the director of Sallet with his usual courtesy a cast of the coin (No. 43) sent. The era of Amisos was the so-called Actic period of 31 BC, and appears to have been introduced shortly after the battle at Aktion (September 2nd). be. Strabo's statement (547) is also correct that after this battle the... City of Amisos liberated from its tyrants. 1) Marquardt, Rém. State Administration I (2) p. 359. 2) See Mommsen, Rim. Constitutional Law III 8. 707 and 708. 3) Waddington, Revue Num. 1866 p. 424; Marquardt a. a. O.P. 350; Head a. a. O. et al. 4) Num. selecta 1V pp. 49-57. 5) Letter number. contin. VII pp. 26-28. 6) See Mommsen in the magazine. for number VIII 26. Dep. d. I. Cl. d. k. Ak. d. Know. XVIII. Vol. IE. Abth. (74) 5
34 (558) The safe data known from the coins so far is as follows: = 60 = Fall 28 — Fall 29 AD with and without pictures. of Tiberius (14-37) M.8. PKO 129= 98 ,, without pictures. of Traian (98-117) Berlin P=P 1638 132 ,,. with images of Hadrian (117—138) Paris, “me f. P=A 164 ia sy re a ; P=E 165 Le) depen 7 a - P=5 ~~ :166 1350 Sis . hey - ¢ it “I i a the Sabina?) “3 ee P=Z 167 eet y omen * . Vienna P=H ~~ 168 ts te . Fs Paris ® re 7 as me of Hadrian Paris, m.p. P=0O =——:169 Pou... a *
(559) 35 The safe date 169 on a silver coin with a head and inscription of CABEINA CEBACTH seems to prove that late 137 or early 138 Sabina was still alive. The era of Kerasus begins a year later than the Pontic Provincial aera. This can be seen from the date OA (74), which corresponds to a coin with Hadrian (No. 48) and another with Antoninus Pius (Mionnet Suppl. IV 448, 157) together is. Since the latter's adoption by Hadrian only took place in February 138 and he died in July of the same year, this is how both coins date from the Year 138 and the beginning of the era of Kerasus falls on 64 AD') The Other known data is: GH 98 = AD 162 with images. of M. Aurelius”) Paris PNR 156= = ,, 220 . Elagabalus*) (218-222) * PTB 162= e 226 *s Sev. Alexander (222-235) Lebbecke Eckhel let the Era of Komana begin with 38 or 39 AD, Head, for reasons unknown to me, in the year 40. Meanwhile, Sanclemente*) have already and Sestini>) the year 35 is assumed for this, the latter due to a now in Coin from the Paris Cabinet with the head of Nerva and the date [Z (63). Nerva died in January 98, which is the year in which the piece was published at the latest could be, which puts the era of Komana back to 35 AD at the very least. You But it could also have started as early as 33 AD, since Nerva had ruled since 96. Only two other dates have become known on Komana coins, & (6) on an autonomous and BOP (172) on emblems with the images des Sept. Severus, Caracalla and Julia Domna. Assuming the year 35 AD. you get the dates 41, the first year of Claudius' reign, and 207 AD. Several of the more important dated coins are included below Descriptions of Pontic town mints. 1) As I see later, Sestini correctly identified the beginning of the era in 1806 placed in the year 64; see Lett. num. IX p. 80 and Mus. Hed. II 12. 2) Mionnet, Suppl. IV 444, 158 gives the date TTH (88), which is not correct; the (retro- chirte) Inscription shows 4H, i.e. instead of 7 an open top YW. 3) R. Weil cites a coin from the Berlin Cabinet in Friedlinder's Repertory 8. 228 should show the portrait of Julia Paula and the date PNO. This number is twofold Reasons impossible because it extends by a year beyond the reign of Elagabalus, and because Paula, married in 219, had already been cast out in 220. The correct reading can therefore only be done by PNE or PNA'. 4) Number sel. IV, 194. 5) Mmm. Hedervar. II 12. 5*
36 (560) Amaseia, Era 2 BC . Br. 22 — AYT. AOMITTIANOC (see above) KAICAP CEB. FEP. head of Emperor with laurel wreath to the right. RB AMACCE[IA] 1, [ET]OYC €9 (year 95 = AD 93) r, head of the Tyche with tower crown and veil to the right. M. S. — Similar in Leake, Num. Hell., As. Gr. 8. . Br. 22 — AV. NETPAIANOC KAIC. FEP. AAK|IKOC. Head of the Emperor with laurel wreath to the right. RB AMACE[QN ETIJOYC and, in the section EIP (abr 115 == Chr, 113) Temple front with four channeled columns on a wide staircase. Mose Pavel IL No. 27: . Br. 834 — AVT. KAIC. M. AVP. ON| TQNINOC CEB. Bust portrait of M. Aurelius with laurel and robe to the right. RAAP. AMAC. NEQK. K. MHT. K. TTPQ TTON[T]a in section €T. PZA (year 164—=AD 162) Aphrodite naked, the Medicean &hn- lich, standing to the left in front of Ares. This one, helmeted and armored, supports the Right on the spear, the left on the shield. M. S. — Plate II No. 28. 4. Br. 34 — Likewise, with [ET. PJX€ (year 165 = AD 163) . Br. 82 — AV. KAI M. AV. AN|TQNINOC CEB. Bust portrait of the youth Lichen Caracalla with laurel and robe to the right. BAA. CEV. ANT. AM|ACIAC MENE., in the field .OTT).4TT and below €T|CH (year 208 = 206 AD) Eagle with unfolded wings to the left standing on a large hammer. M. S. — Plate II No. 29. “Br. 25 -——~— AV. KAI M. AVP. | ANTQNINO. The same bust on the right. RBAA. C€. ON. AM| ACI. MH. NE. TP. TTO. and in the field €T. | Cl (Year 210 = AD 208). Standing Asclepius from the front, his head to the left- turned towards him, his right hand stretched freely downwards and the long serpentine staff into the r. Armpit supported. M. 8S. — Plate II No. 30. Amisos. Era 31 BC 7. Br. 23 - Portrait of a young prince with a leather helmet and robe on the right. RE AMI LOY. Quiver with straps. Gr. 19.85 in stores. — Plate LHI No. 1.
(561) 37 8. Letter 26 — Likewise, the head with male features. Gr. 20.40 Brit. Museum. — Plate III No. 2. , 20.68 Berlin. — Plate III No. 38. » 20.43 m (28 m.) , 20.95 Lébbecke (23 sts) » 20.61 Paris, Mionnet I] 343, 77 = Pellerin, Recueil II, T. XXXIX 2. Mionnet described the head type as an unborn head with a kind of tiara, Head as the head of Perseus with a Persian cap.1) As the time of punishment takes the latter dates back to the 3rd century BC. In my opinion, both seem to be the declaration of the head as the determination of time requires correction. If you compare with each other the head sides of the various specimens the Minze, you will immediately get the impression that this is not one ideal head, but rather a portrait that initially has boyish, then gradually being portrayed with more mature features. And there these coins, Judging by their appearance and weight, in rapid succession during a certain have been pressed in a short period, it can also be assumed that that her portrait refer to one and the same personality and most likely on one the Pontic kings.?) Of course, only those in... can do this Considerations that we know about that she comes to the throne as children were, what condition Mithradates IV and Mithradates correspond to Eupator, their youth about 130 years apart lies. To now be for one or the other To decide otherwise, it is above all necessary to know the age of the coins more precisely to determine. A look at the autonomous copper stamping of the Pontic cities teaches us, that it was of common origin and that its beginning was not far into the 2nd year- 100 BC. The types of this type usually remain the same communal, insofar as the cities made use of their mint rights. Without It is difficult to differentiate between several groups of different types and weights. those coins whose simultaneity is determined by their style and the partially common monograms undoubtedly emerges. At the top of each of these Groups maintain an initial over 20 gr. heavy piece to stand to which the other pieces as partial coins behave. In the following I will To identify each individual group, just cite those large bronzes. The oldest pontic, just in Amisos embossed copper is through ours Portrait coins No. 7 and 8 are represented, whose weight is between 21 and 20 gr. fluctuates. 1) Hist. num. 8. 425, where the image of Rs. is described as a sword in its scabbard is, a type common on some later Pontic and Paphlagonian copper. But there is no doubt that a cooker is shown here. 2) The leather helmet often formed the headdress of Asia Minor and Orientals Princes see my portrait heads on ant. Coins” 1885 p. 8.
38 (562) This test comes first the group, its main piece, the head of Zeus with oak wreath and depicting the eagle on the lightning bolt, between 20 and 19 gr. weighs :+) Amisos Gr. 19.92 M.S. Amaseia » 29.55 ; Kabeira : Mus. Hunter. Gaziura oe. 20 M.8. Pimolisa », 19.30 Munich and m. &. Taulara , 19.12 M. S. — Plate IV No. 19. This probably follows which as no. 28 (Plate HI No. 19), Coin minted around 84 BC from Amisos, their original weight, according to that of the only and not very freshly preserved copy to date to close, 19 gr. may have achieved or exceeded something. The fourth series is the one whose largest piece is, on the one hand, the Athena's head, on the other hand Perseus and the beheaded Medusa show, with weights between 19 and 17 sizes: Amisos Gr. 19-17.30 M.8. Kabeira " Brit. Museum Komana ,, 18.65-17.30 M. 38. Amastris , IB62 e Sinope b) T8720 Hy The main piece of the fifth and final series has the portrait as its type des Mithradates Eupator as Perseus, and the drinking Pegasus, and weighs 13-12 gr.: Amisos Gr. 12.70—12.50 sts. 8 p. Plate III No. 4. Chabakta ,, 13.20—11.66 M. S. Plate IV No. 12. Paris. These trials were followed a few years later by those of Amisos Roman governor C. Papirius Carbo (61-59 BC) and C. Caecilius Cornutus (56 BC).2) Amisos was therefore one of the Pontic city areas that Pompey, 65 BC, united with the province of Bithynia.*) In 48/47 the city was founded by Pharnaces I conquered, but was immediately taken back by Caesar. M. Anthony They handed them over to tyrants, probably in 41 BC she ten years later Augustus freed again;4) and from this point in time, 31 BC, dated as shown above, the Amisene era. 1) With the same types there are smaller bronzes from Amaseia, Amisos, Dia, Pharna- keia, Amastris and Sinope, which are only 9-7 gr. weigh and partly perhaps to the end of the Mithradatic period, partly belonging to the following one. 2) About this data see Th. Reinach, Rev. Num. 1887 p. 366; they are based on the bithy Niche era from 471 BC or 283 BC. BC 3) Strabo 541. ee Ue
(563) 39 Since the end of the Mithraatic period Domination until the imperial era seems to be in In Pontus, as elsewhere, the minting of heavy copper money appears to have been abandoned; the heaviest pieces of this era reach around 8 grams or very little. tiber. The five coin groups listed above are all for this reason because of, to be placed in front of the J. 65. What the given order of the same _concerns, The successive declines also appear to be consistent with their chronological correctness weights, than the increasingly deteriorating style and writing character of the coins to speak. But, as is generally assumed, the last four groups attributed to Eupator during the time of Mithradates, so the first can only be this or the years immediately preceding it. Instead of being completely isolated standing Pontic copper embossment from the 3rd century So you have it all signs have something to do with one from the last quarter of the 2nd century, and with this corrected dating the interpretation of the portrait is also clear the coins no. 7 and 8 given. Since this does not represent Mithradates Euergetes can, stays that way It was only due to his young son Eupator, who died in the year 121 eleven years old, became heir to the Pontic throne,'). On the until now only Varieté No. 7 (Plate III No. 1) the king appears more advanced boyhood, on the others (Plate III Nos. 2 and 3), however, already as a youngling and young man. The minting of these copper coins must therefore be around Years 118-110 BC and at least some time before the first edition of the mithradatic tetradrachms have ceased. On the oldest dated copies of the latter, dated 95, the king is 38 years old depicted old, while him that Portrait on panel III No. 3 there may be ten to fifteen years younger. From this Differences in age and also from different views and execution are explained without hesitation the difference in the head character, which, by the way, is even more spiteful switches to the king's well-known staters and tetradrachms.") About the reenactments his guardians, who suffered the violent death of his attributed to his father, Mithradates appears to have escaped soon after this event. nisse left the previous residence Sinope to have. Justin's report, that From then on, the young king spent seven years roaming the forests and mountains. drifted without ever making use of urban or rural shelter is not to be taken literally, but rather in times of renewed danger and uncertainty to limit be. Without a doubt Mithradates had numerous supporters, especially in Amisos, where he probably lived until 114 BC défter's recording may have found and even held court. This may also be where the spite comes from The preference of the city is explained by tradition and numismatics clearly emerges. For there is not a city in the Pontic Empire, not even Sinope 1) Strabo 477. 2) See Th. Reinach, Rev. Num. 1888 plate XI; Giel, Kleine Beitrige, Moscow 1886, plate [I 17 and Imhoof, Portritképfe plates V 3 and 4.
40) (564) not removed, has been so varied and plentiful during Eupator's long reign emboldened like Amisos. It cannot therefore be surprising that that preferably on The image of the young prince appears as a type on the coins of this city and that with this Pontic copper stamping was actually inaugurated. First with the following series, which shows the oak crowned head of Zeus and the eagle, This also extended to a number of other cities, probably around 110 BC Towards the end of the Mithradic rule one encounters Amisos again a privy with the king's head, this time with that of Perseus Headgear (Plate II] No. 4). Except from Amisos, where numerous varieties were minted on this coin, the named type only exists in rare specimens plaren yon Chabakta known (Plate IV No. 12). Before I move on to describing other coins from Amisos, I want to here commemorate two more undetermined coin groups, which, although not in the Pontus, but it originated in the empire and at the time of Mithradates Eupator to have seem. One, apparently older, of these groups is partly still unknown incorrectly published copper coins, from those to me so far The following rare varieties have become known: 9. Br. 23 - Bearded head of a prince, covered with a leather helmet, facing left. BR star with eight rays; over the tip of one of these rays, which shortens is, a bow. Between two rays, opposite the arch, YY. Obv: with two counterstamps: Helmet and Gorgoneion. Gr. 20.90 Brit. Museum. — Plate III No. 7. ,, 20.93 (26 sts) Paris. 10. Br. 26 — Likewise, with £1 ? and Wed? between the rays. Obverse with three counterstamps: helmet, gorgoneion and lightning bolt. Gr. Hermit. St Petersburg. Chr. Giel, contributor to ans. Num. 1886 8.5 Plate V 2, the counterstamps are incorrect as two helmets and trident described. Sinope is presented as the location of Prague. hit. 411. Br. 27 — Likewise, with K ? between two rays. Without counterstamp. Gr. Hermit. St Petersburg. Chr. Giel a. a. O. Plate V 1. 12. Br. 26 — Likewise, with fo ? and f,] between the rays. Obverse with indistinct counterstamp (Gorytos after Sestini). Gr. 21.80 Mus. Florence. Sestini, Latvia. num. contin. VIIS. 24, 2 plates I 11.— ,, 20.13 Paris. — Opposite Plate III No. 8.
(565) 41 On the Florentine and another specimen from the former collection According to Sestini, d'Hermand should have the inscription KOMANwy between the rays, which reading goes into the area of the well-known numerous visions of the otherwise so served by numismatists. His interpretation of the head on Men is also incorrect. 13. Br. 24 — Likewise, with SE. 14. 15. 16. hey 18. 19. 20. 21. Counterstamp of the front: Helmet and Gorgoneion. Gr. 19.93 Berlin. — Plate III No. 9. Br. 26 — Likewise, without monogram, and the eight rays of the same length. Counterstamp of the front: helmet, Gorgoneion and above this lightning bolt. Gr. Mus. Dresden. — Plate III No. 10. Br. 26 — Likewise, and seemingly without a bow; between the Rays M.A.? and [AJ? Counterstamp of the obverse: Gorgoneion. Gr. 21.07 Paris. Br. 26 — Likewise with AY, By and A» between the rays. Counterstamp of the obverse: Gorgoneion. Gr. 20.80 Paris. — Rev. Plate III No. 11. Br. 23 — Gorytos with straps. & star and bow, as above. Counterstamp of the obverse: helmet and trident. Gr. Collection Giel, a. a. O. S. 4 plate I 12. Br. 20 — Likewise, with the specific counterstamps. Gr. 10.03 M. S. — Plate III No. 12. i" Collection Giel a. a. O. Plate I 13. Br. 20 — leather helmet; including TQ7; 1. Bow. & star and bow, as above; between the beams A TT [O] 4 9- Counterstamp the vs.: Beardless head of in front, with flying hair (or rays?) and robe on the neck. Gr. 4.72 Vienna. — Plate III No. 13. Br. 18 — Likewise, with [C|KOTTA. Counterstamp of the obverse: head (of Pan?) to the right. Gr. 4.35 Berlin. — Plate III No. 14. Br. 18 - leather helmet on the left; behind it CKOTT. under an arch. KK star and bow; in between CKOTH. Size: 2.50 M.S. = Tefel le No15: A similar one Piece published Postolakka in the museum's catalogue in Athens 11872 8. 104 note, plate V 783*, from the former Vest collection in Trieste, Dep. d. I. Cl. d. k. Ak. d. Know. XVIII. bd. III. Abth. (75) 6
49 (566) which came in 1872 as a legacy of Dr. Dreer came to Klagenfurt.) With order remember this collection I, meanwhile not seen that piece to have; either was I missed it or it was one of those due to poor packaging Coins lost during transport. 92, Br 20 —- leather helmet on the left; behind it in oval stamp AINI underneath a bow. R star between two (?) crescent moons; same counterstamp with AINI and Bow about it. Gr. 5.50 Mus. Athens. Postolakka a. a. O. 783". », 9.42 Vienna. 23. Bro. 20 - leather helmet on the left; behind Nz B Star between two (?) crescent moons. Gr. 4.54 Vienna. — Plate III No. 16. 24. Br. 16 — Likewise, with apparently the same monogram. Gr. 2.95 M. S. — Plate III No. 17. 25. Br. 13 — Likewise, without monogram. Gr. 1.25 M. S. — Plate III No. 18. One might be tempted to add the following coin here: 26. Br. 19 - Head of Athena with wreathed helmet to the right. B star with eight rays between two crescent moons; about that [Ap. Gr. 5.25 M.S. », 4.70 Vienna. Based on style and age alone, this character does not belong here, but rather -probably to Mysia. According to Giel a. a. O. 8. 5 seems to be the usual location of coins no. 17 and 18 Kerch, and it is therefore very likely that the remaining variations Titles in the series also come from there. On some of them (No. 19-21) one finds the inscription CKOTTA or CKOTT., which Postolakka erroneously found on took the city name Sxotzor or Sxdmve, apparently not considering that Upper Moesia has no claim to imprints of this type and from the in can have time for the speech. Also to another traditional place name like e.g. B. Bageia sxonite at Byzantion®) or Sxozéhog, Islands near Sinope and between the mouths of Hypanis and Tyras, is both the inscription form Certainly unthinkable due to the location and importance of the places mentioned. Against CKQOTTA can very well be understood as the genetive form of the personal name Sxomag become. 1) Numerical magazine XVI 1884 8p. 227 and 228. 2) Dionysus. Byz. Fri. 16.
(567) 43 The situation is similar with the inscription AIN| the counter brand on No. 22, which Postolakka, again improbably, was the Thracian mint Ainos attributes. Apart from the fact that here too there is a need for a suitable explanation send geographical name is missing!) is just shining through this stamping of the Proof to be provided that both inscriptions only for personal names stand, AINI... maybe for Aiverne. The fact that AINI is currently under a bow, as on No. 21 CKOTTA, must involuntarily to the acceptance ensure that the coin and counterstamp are of the same local origin; and these forces the further conclusion that the two names, which anyway, as already noticed, no one geographical correspond, one Change of people show, in which various... appears as the successor of Skopas. Where and when our coins were minted cannot yet be determined determine. Despite the round sigmoid form in CKOTTA you don't need them, like Giel assumed to date from the late period of Polemon I; the style of the Képfe and theirs Judging by their appearance, they still belong to the 2nd century BC, possibly at the end of it. Is it confirmed that their location is Kerch is used to be, so Pantikapaion probably accepted as their place of worship without any hesitation will see. The further circumstance would speak for this allocation: Types star, bow and gorytos and the frequent use of counterstamps too characterize a part of the safe coins of Pantikapaion. What the images the large bronze No. 9-16 concerns, are like that these ent- neither one or two the Bosporan Princes to attribute whose last, Pairisades, ceded his kingdom to Mithradates Eupator around 110 BC, or but, and with greater probability, this itself, to which assumption some the portrait heads really seem to justify it. In this case Skopas could and Aini... for governors of the Bosporus or other higher ones appointed by Mithradates Officials are considered that, before the sitting down of Machares as king of this area J. 80, were allowed or allowed to use their name to designate the royal money. Ana logic for this let yourself in numismatics out different Epochs after- show. That of Amisos could have served as a model for the punishment the previously discussed portrait coins No. 7 and 8, which are also included in the weight the No. 9-16 stand the same. Instead of the portraits, the larger parts show Gorytos, the smaller ones the royal headgear, the leather helmet, which one so far falsely for one Ship's prora was kept.*) All coins in the series have an image on the back of the » star together, usually with the bow next to it; just to the smallest The one appears in pieces between two crescent moons. 1) Aitdva or Aivia, (Strabo 508) cannot possibly come into question here. 2) Compare the leather helmets on coins at Friedlander, Magazine for number IV p. 266 ff.; Theod. Reinach, Revue number. 1886 plate XVII 5; Imhoof, Portratképfe Plate VI, 4. — Others too Forms of princely headgear occur as coin types. 6*
44 (568) The different types each denote different nominals; like that the Coins with the portrait (Size 22-20) probably a tetrachalcone, with that Gorytos (c. size 10) a dichalcon, with the leather helmet (size 5.50-4.35) a chalcus and the lighter ones have about a hemichalcus. Same weight gradations The coin series also show a change in type of the Pontic cities; just are usually the pieces of the latter, depending on the progressive weight reduction over time, somewhat lighter, which in turn suggests that ‘that the star coins date back to the 2nd century BC. The other of the two indefinite copper embossings consists of numerous Varieties of the following are only different from one another through cut and monograms. the piece: 27. Br. 27-24 - Head of the youthful Dionysus with wreath of ivy and one now wide, now narrower bandage, to the right. RB Gorytos with quiver on the side and belt. A monogram in the field. Gr. 18.50 sts. 8 p. — Plate III No. 5. ee! ae The number of different monograms, the one on this not rare one coin found amounts to over twenty.1) As the location of the pieces applies Area of Phanagoria, to which city they are usually attributed. When making a comparison these coins with the around which helped make things easier the City of Amisos, of which our Plate III No. 6 the illustration of a specimen in my collection,?) I am less interested in the similarity of the head type, which also in Amisos the headband shows when the fact was noticed that coins of both series have several of their monograms in common, such as: B. b-P, KR. AB: Pe. From here I don't mean to conclude that the large bronzes without a location are also were emblazoned in Amisos; for at the time of Mithradates Eupator are now and then the same monograms on similar ones simultaneous imprints various Pontic cities to find. But the stated fact is not insignificant for the dating of those indeterminate coins, because this is approximately must be the same age as the Amisenic ones in question. We would like to go to Bompois the latter were minted around 90 BC,®) according to me Opinion, however, after the year 70, and not only because of the 1) Kéhler, Serapis II, p. 125 ff. Plates X 10-25. Mus. Kotschoubey I, plates VII 7-9; Pod Zhivalow, Mus. Romiantsow, Moscow 1884 pp. 29 and 30 and Monn. des rois du Bosp. Cimmeria 1887 8/13 2) Cf. Mionnet II 341, 42--44. Bompois, Monn. de la guerre sociale Plate II 2. — On The copy shown here has the reverse stamped twice. 3) Bompois a. a. O. p. 42 ff
(569) 45 the distinctive written character of the coins, but because the only Pontic city that, probably coined with the same guys at the same time as Amisos Dia is, the earlier Kabeira, which was not probably before 65/64 BC. the new name could have accepted. As a result, you start at the same time the minting of coins No. 27 and, because of the locations, their mint location at Bosporos, Phanagoria or Pantikapaion, then only the assumption remains that This is the last copper engraving of Mithradates, which he, according to his Escape from Pontus, with the Bosporans (65-63 BC) for his new armaments carried out, and which perhaps Pharnakes would have continued for a while. Asandros then, as Archon, had a part of it with his types and names have it checked.1) From what has been said it can be concluded with probability that that the minting period of the Gorytos coins was from 65 to perhaps around 47 BC. extended, which was Prigor Pantikapaion and the first emissions among officials: what was going on who had previously been active at the mint in Amisos and the king followed to the Bosporos. 28. Br. 27 - Head of Apollo with laurel wreath to the right; including a BK AMIZOY in section. Female figure standing to the right, in front of Breast covering the right hand in the robe and in the lowered left Holding Tanien. In front of her is another female figure standing to the left, What appears to be a bowl in the outstretched right hand and a shield in the left and holding spear. Gr. 18.20 M. S. — Plate III No. 19. A repetition of the depiction of the back can be found on an aniseed copper coin from 98 AD (see No. 33). Prokesch-East referred to this both women as Tyche and Roma,*) and it is not unlikely, that the A figure that is insufficiently characterized for us by mere Tania represents a city goddess. provides. Since the model of the imperial period coin dates back to the Mithradian period, goes and the group is more of an allegorical one as mythological to be seems, the type could refer to a peace agreement between Mithradates the Rémers, and the two figures refer to Eirene and Roma. As a date The year of the first peace, 84 BC, would be particularly suitable because it would coincide with the time in which I would have our coin as the main piece of the 3rd group (p. 38 = 562). The monogram, which occupies an otherwise unusual place here and on 1) Kohler a. a. O. No. 25. 2) Inedita 1859.
46 (570) Names with different initials fits, comes, so much to see on others There are no coins from the city or from Mithradates. 99. Br. 23 —— Female head to the right, with long waves flowing down to the chest- the hair and covered with a wolf skin. Garment around the neck. BR AMI PACE Nike striding to the right, holding the wreath in her right hand holding, carrying the palm branch over the first shoulder. Gr. 6.35 M.S. — Panel IIT No. 20. Brit. Museum. Head, Historian num. 425. Paris, Mionnet If 342, 58. 30. Br. 17 — Similar head to the right. R AM1| Z[OY]. Heracles naked, standing on his left, his right hand on his club supported, on the 1st arm the lion skin. Millingen, Recueil p. 59, plate IIL 14. Millingen wore the headgear of the female type for the skin of a griffin, Head, with me, for a wolf skin, and both declared the picture to be the head of the Ama- zone to which the founding of the city can be attributed. Head calls her question- wise Lykasto, with which he undoubtedly defines the eponyms of the Lycastic Amazons want to draw. According to legend, these Avzcoria lived with other Amazon tribes not far from Amisos, in the area of the rivers Lykastos, Iris and Thermodon have.!) If their name is derived from Avxog, the wolf fur can be seen as an attribute these Amazons can easily be explained; otherwise this headgear is not made from mint images known.2) Although there are no other depictions of Amazons on Amisean coins seem to occur, you will see the head of the coins no. 29 and 30 as that of a Lycastic Amazon can be accepted, even more so than he with There is absolutely no other deity like e.g. B. Artemis Lykeia or Leto as a female wolf is to interpret. 31. Br. 20 — AAAIXOY in front of the bust of Athena on the right. Pearl circle. R ETOYE right, = left (year 60). Owl standing to the left. Pearl circle. Gr. 4.25 M. S. — Plate III No. 21. | Waddington, Revue Num. 1866 8. 424. The year 60 falls in the reign of Tiberius, 29 AD, and comes also on a large bronze from Amisos with the portrait of this emperor.®) 1) Roscher's Lexicon I 8S. 272. 2) Other animal skins often appear as headgear: lion and boar skins. skin for Heracles, elephant skin for Africa and various kings, goatskin fir Juno Sospita (Hera Aavota see Nicomedeia below). In the catalog of the Brit. Museums, Italy p. 15, 14-16 is found on an Etruscan coin thought to be the fur of the Chimaira, which Garrucci described as that of a dog explained; It's probably just a lion's skin. 3) Grotefend, Unedirte Greek coins 1864 plate 1 6; Lébbecke, Magazine fir Number VII 54, 1 with illustration; m.S.
(571) 47 32. Br. 21 - Head of the youthful Dionysus with a wreath of ivy to the right; in front of him €T. CLA (year 266 = AD 235). KR AM|ICOV; in the EAEV|OEPAC section. Cista mystica, among theirs to the right a snake shoots out from the lifted lid; across behind that Basket the thyrsus rod. Gr. 7.50 M. S. — Plate III No. 22. A similar coin from the Paris collection is said to have the date 268 = AD 237 have.') Both can therefore be at the time of Maximinus, who lived from the end of Mirz 235 to 238 ruled, to be prigged. 33. Br. 22 — OCOY CEBAC | TOV TPAIAN | OY. Nike floating to the left, with wreath and palm branch. Ri AMI (Gmi Section) COV EAEVOEPAC [ETOYC] PKO (Year 129 = after Chr. 98). Type of No. 28. Berlin. — Plate IIL No. 23. Prokesch-Osten, Inedita 1859 p. 21. 34. Br. 25 — O@EOV CE|BACTOY|TPAIANOV. Nike as above. [AMICOV] EAEVOEPAC; in the ETOVC PKO section, Three years ago- | A flaming altar between mountain cones on the left and a flaming altar on the right Temple. Berlin. — Plate IV No. 1. The importance of these coins because of the date is in the correction attention was drawn to the era of Amisos. Kin copy of the coin no. Mionnet also has 34 in Suppl. IV 489, 139 made known; However, he incorrectly described the mountain peaks as trees. That it works The following piece proves that they are mountains: 35. P. 22 — AYT. KAI. TPA. AAPIA| NOC CEB. [TT. TT. YTT. F.] Portrait of the emperor with laurel to the right. RB [AMICO]V EAEVOEPAC ETOVC PL4& (year 166 = after Chr. 135). Three high mountain cones; in front of the middle one a flaming altar; left in front of it, Sacrificial bull on the right and two-columned temple front on the right with the one on the left seated Zeus? in the middle. In the sea monster section to the left. Gr. 5.45 M. 8. — Plate IV No. 2 The type is reminiscent of that of the Cappadocian Kaisareia;*) for Amisos he is new. On both coins it depicts a sanctuary with three mountain peaks in the background; on No. 35, the sea is indicated by the sea monster.*) 1) Pellerin, Recueil II Plate XXXIX 5. 2) Cf. Monnaies grecques 8. 418 ff. 3) Moltke describes the view of Amisos (Samsun) with its mountainous background, Letters about Turkey 1841 p. 199.
48 (572) 36. P. 22 — Likewise. R Same inscription with PIA (164 = after Chr. 133). Poseidon naked left- am standing, the r. Foot placed on a ship's prora, one on the right Holding dolphin and leaning his left hand on his trident. Gr. 5.80 M. S. — Plate IV No. 3. $ 8/37/21 — AVT. KAI. TPA. AAPIANOC CEB. TT. TT. VIT. F Bust portrait of the emperor with robe, to the right. RB AMICOV EAEVOEPAC | ETOVC PXH (Year 168 = AD 137). Naked male figure (the emperor?) standing to the left, with rays on his head wreath, on the first side the girt sword, on the right Nike and holding the spear in his left hand. Gr. 5.38M. 8S. — Plate IV No. 4. 38. P. 23 — CABEINA | CEBACTH. Bust of the Empress on the right. RB AMICOV EA|EVOE|PAC ETOVC PIC (year 166 = after Chr. 135). Artemis as a huntress in a short chiton, standing to the left, the right presented stretches and holds the bow in his lowered left hand. Gr. 4.38M. 8S. — Plate IV No. 5. This piece is one gram too light. 39. P. 19 — Inscription and header similar to those of the previous coin. ~ RB AMICOV EAEVOEPAC ETOVC PIO (year 169 = after Chr. 138). To the right, naked Aphrodite crouching, the one adorned with Stephane Turning his head back and holding up a mirror in his right hand. Gr. 2.55 Paris. — Plate IV No. 6. Mionnet II 345, 88 cf. Friedlander, Archiol. Time. 1869, 98 Act, 23, 6: Amisenic silver coins of the imperial period are only from the years 163-169 the urban era with portraits of Hadrian, of Sabina and Aelius, and 189 known with that of Antoninus Pius. Head a. a. O. 8. 425 divides it into Pieces from Gr. 9.30-6.20 and 3.10, whereas I have those of 1, 2 and 4 cistophore to recognize drachmas believe.') In view of the fluctuating and irregular weights, the latter view To achieve this, it must be taken into account that, firstly, here as with other provincial The value of silver had fallen so much due to increasing alloying that that precise application of the weights was no longer important, and secondly that In addition to these fluctuations, initially normal weights often change from year to year. were wrestled, with the larger pieces being in the for easy to understand reasons Usually came off the worst. 1) See Mommsen, Rim. Minting p. 709.
(573) 49 The material brought together of weight information Unfortunately it's not that complete constantly, as we wish; But what I found I want to share here, by I the weights the consecutive data of the coins concerned: year Drachmas Didrachms Cistophores 163 3.25 million 6.19 Vienna 2.89 Leake 6.06 Br. Mus. 2:07 OL.25: 5.90 Paris 164 2.72 Leake 5.80 M.S. 2.55) MecS: 165 3.13 million 2.90 Lambros 2.¢0 M8. 166 2.88 million 5.45 M.S. 9.33 in trade ray Ws +" 4.38 ,, 167 168 3.—Mionnet 5.38 m. §, 8.27 4: 7.71 Allier 169 2.90 million 2.55 2 189 3.—M.S. Unfortunately, the list is missing cistophore weights from years 163 and 164. Have there been pieces like this? sv should them according to the proposed systems 11-12 sizes weigh. 40+ Bri. 23 — AV. KAI.| AV ee ee Head of the youthful M. Aurelius to the right. i AMICOV | EAEVOEPAC. Bust of the youthful Dionysus with ivy wreath and robe, left. M.8. 41. Br. 34 — AVT. K.M.O| TTEAA. MAKPEINOC. Bust of Macrinus with laurel and robe, facing right. R AMICOV EA | EVOEPAC and, in section, €T. CMO (year 249 = after 218). Tyche with Kalathos on his head, on a throne to the left sitting, the right hand leaning on the rudder and in the |. Poor the Fiillhorn holding. M. 8S. — Plate [IV No. 7. 42. Br. 283 — M. OTTEAA, AN. | AIAAOVMENIA. KAIC, Bust of the slide Dumenianus with robe, right. Dep. d. I. Cl. d. k. Ak. d. Know. XVIII. Vol. III. Abth. (76) 7
50 (574) RB AMICOV EAEVOEPAC and, in section, ETO. CMO. Eagle with Wings unfolded, standing on a (poorly drawn) lightning bolt to the right and turning his head back. . M. S. — Plate IV No. 8. Vel. Mionnet If 346, 92 to Vaillant. 43. Bi. 37 — AVTO. K. A€KM. KAI. KAA, BAABINOC. Bust of the Bal- binus with laurel and robe, facing right. RB AMICOV EAE|V|OEPAC ET. CZO (Year 269 = AD 238). Young Dionysus with a naked upper body standing to the left, in the Holding a fillhorn on the right, the left on the one decorated with tania Thyrsos rod supporting. Berlin. — Plate IV No. 9. Kabeira—Dia. With the inscription KABHPQN are just a few coins out of the time des Mithradates known. The oldest of these is that in Mus. Hunter plate 14, 2 each- if incorrectly depicted large bronze, whose poorly maintained main page one Zeus head with an oak wreath, and not a supposedly helmeted head. Kabeira, a place often favored by Mithradates, appears shortly after each other been renamed three times to be; first introduced in Diospolis by Pompey around 65 BC, then in Sebaste by Queen Pythodoris (8 BC to 21 AD), which made the city their residence,') and finally, if the identification is correct, in Neokaisareia, with which latter name numerous coins from the time of Tiberius to Gallienus are present. As Sebaste, the city may have minted royal money without specifying the location; As Diospolis no coins have yet been attributed to her, although it there seems to be such. Namely, I hold that's why the few copper coins, the is usually attributed to the Bithynian Dia. Like this little-known one, beyond Herakleia Pontike against the Thracian Bosporus too located place one that is very isolated in this area Copper stamping with specifically Pontic types could have come about, some may think may have already been a puzzle for a long time. The simple solution to this lies in the restitution just mentioned of the coins marked AIAX to the Pontic city, which, like the Bithynian city, was called Dia for short can. According to Ptolemy V 1, 7 the latter was called also Jidg 7odeg,*) and 1) Strabo 557. 2) In Anon. by. pont. Eux. 9 and Marc. Heracl. ep. by. Menippei 8 she is also Ala xohs, only from Steph. Byz. called dia.
(575) | 51 Conversely, the name of the Avog, which was only mentioned by Strabo, could also be moh, of the old Kabeira. This assumption, which in itself would amount to a mere hypothesis, is flawed This character completely disappears when one considers the two circumstances into consideration pulls that The copper in question has a Pontic character, that for the Bithynian city would remain inexplicable, and that his types are precisely those that appear chronologically the types of coins that bear the name Kabeira follow. Also the written The character of the diamonds, the description of which follows here, is a later one. 44. Br. 20 - Head of the youthful Dionysus to the right. B AIAX. Cista mystica and thyrsus rod; three monograms in the field. Millingen, Recueil 1812 8. 62, plate III 17. 45. Br. 20 - Head of Zeus with laurel to the right. RB AIA. Eagle with unfolded wings standing on a thunderbolt to the left and turning his head back. L. in the field monogram. Gr. 7.90 M. S. — Plate IV No. 10. 46. Br. 20 — Likewise; |. same monogram, r. f¥. In trade. See Mionnet, Suppl. V 37, 199. 47. Br. 20 — Likewise; 1.x. Millingen, Sylloge p. 63, plate If 37. Mionnet Suppl. V 37, 201, from the Mus does not belong here. Hedervar in the Paris collection and re-illustrated by Bompois.t) The inscription is Al and not A!AX and the mint certainly not pontic and probably just as much- little Bithynian. Head, Historian num. P. 440, the Bithynian Dia also has a coin with the Images of Augustus and the inscription AIANQN given in a wreath. The The latter's form was too striking, than that I don't have a print of the piece requested hitte, and out this one was immediately to see, that (ZAP)AIANQN To is to read.*) This means that there are no more coins left in Bithynia and the city is over to delete numismatics. Kerasus. Aera 64 AD The alleged autonomous mints of Kerasus at Mionnet II 348, 101 and 102 belong to the Thracian king Kersobleptes*) and the Sicilian city of Kentoripai. 1) Types of monétaires de la guerre sociale p. 45 note 1, plate Il 4. 2) See Mionnet IV 121, 686. 3) Mon. size 8. 51. Y fis
59 (576) 48. Br. 20 — AYT. KAI. TPA. AAPIANOC CEB. TT. TT. YTT. F. Head of Emperor to the right. RB KEPACOVNTI | [QN ETOVJC OA (year 74 = 2nd Chr. 138). Zeus naked and wreathed with laurel, standing to the left, holding a lightning bolt in his right hand holding, and the left leaning on the scepter. M. S. — Plate IV No. 11. This coin confirms and complements Sestini's description of another example. plares the same.t) That their date, that identical is with that one a fellow Inze with head and inscription by Antoninus Pius, the year 64 AD as the beginning of the Aera conditional, has been shown above. Neokaisareia. Era 63 AD 49. Br. 15 — TIBEPION | ZEBA[ZTON]. Head of Tiberius to the right. KR NEOKEC | VPEIZ. Winged lightning. Munich. See Ms. Streber, Num. nonn. graeca 1833 S; “L668, ‘Tate 109. By nerd previous descriptions this one iltest well-known Mtinze from Neokaisareia (Catalog Tiepolo and Sestini) corrected in the main, it seems to him to have missed the fact that the already irregular inscription on the Munich specimen plares gives the resident name with Neoxeoageic instead of Neoxatoageig. The same ortho eraphie show coins with the portrait of the younger Faustina, the back of which is also if lightning is the type,”) by Severus Alexander*) and our No. 59. This is followed by two coins with the portrait of Caligula and the name Aoréuwy “Eoquoyévovg,*) and then: 50. Br. 19 — T. KAAYAIOC FEPM| ANIKOC two lines ahead, and KAICAP behind Claudius' head with a laurel wreath to the right. B NEOKAICAPEW | N. right, ELAOMENEVC to the left of a sheaf of five ears of corn. M. S. — See Leake, Num. Hell. Suppl. 72. 51. Br. 19 — Likewise, with (H ?))ONAPOC to the left. M. S. — Plate IV No. 13. 52. Br. 18 — [T.] KAAYAIOC FEPMA behind and below, [NIKOC KAICAP] in front of the same head to the right. 1) Mus. Hedervar II 12, 1. 2) Mionnet II 352, 121. 8) Sestini, Mus. Hedervar IIL 358. 4) Mionnet Suppl. IV 447, 168-170 and Sestini, Mus. Hedervar II 15, 1.
(577) 53 h inscription partly not expressed, partly (the official's name) illegible. Sheaf with four ears of corn. Berlin. 53. Br. 19 - Head of Zeus to the right, with a robe on the right shoulder. Before him K © (29 =after Chr. 92). R; NEO | KAICA | PEIAC on three lines in a wreath. Parma. — Plate IV No. 14. This coin, from the time of Domitian, was first made famous by Eckhel, but, since he was told by the then owner of the piece, Biancani in Bologna, the The dressed shoulder of Zeus's head was mistakenly stated to be a club Heracles related.?) The date 1€ as the year of Traian's reign?) is also replaced by another Example of the coin at Leake not sufficiently confirmed.*) You probably have to go to one Reading for A€ or MAE think which numbers fit 98 or 108 AD. would lead. The piece with FAAYKOC out the time of Antoninus Pius, the Sestini in Mus. Hedervar II, 15 describes with the remark, that the river god doesn't like To be expected, the person Lycus represents is undoubtedly from Eumeneia in Phrygia. 54. Br. 28 — AYTOK. OYH | POC CEBACTOC. Head of Lucius Verus with laurel to the right; on the left shoulder robe. KB AAP. NEOK.| NE |....AAH- and in the section, on two antipodal ge- provided lines -TPO. TTON.| €T. GH (year 98 = after Chr. 161). flame The alternating altar between the Dioscuri standing opposite each other, each with their own a star above that Heads, the Chlamys am arm, and hand on Spear. M. 8S. — Plate IV No. 15. According to Stephanos Byz. were called the residents from Neokaisareia also “4dgvavo- mokitot, after one above mentioned coin with that Image the Faustina but Adevavot. The letters NE... after NEOK. seem to stand for vewxogov; according to Head, probably out Sestini's Latvian num. III 10, 33, should also AIC NEQ. occur. 55. Br. 30 —.A, TT, CETT. | -FETAC KAIC, Bust portrait of the Geta with a robe, to the right. 1) Number vet. 167. 2) Sestini, Latvia. num. cont. VII 30, 3. 3) Num. Bright. Suppl. 72. ETO should be written on both copies, but nothing else is there occurs. .
54 (578) B KOINTONNEQOKAI. MHTPO. and, in section, ET. PMR (year 146 = after 209). The Tyche of Neokaisareia on the left on an armchair sitting, the kalathos on the head and the fillhorn in the |. Arm. She is surrounded by five city goddesses decorated with the Kalathos, of which three r. in front of her, and two |. stand behind her. M. 8. — Plate IV No. 16. Cf. Mionnet II 353, 126 with Geta and the Tyche between four figures; Haym, Thes. Brit. Il, plate XXXIX 2 with Sept. Severus and six standing figures. The figures gathered around the seated Tyche probably represent the cities of the Kowov [orrov, whose untedodig was Neokaisareia. The piece described by Mionnet with the group of Perseus and the An- dromeda from the time of Maximinus) is undoubtedly reported in the inscription tigen and Koropissos. 56. Br. 30 — AY. K.M. ANT. FOPAIANOC. _ Bust of the emperor with laurel beer and robe, to the right. B KOIN. TIONT. MH. | NEOKAICAPIAC and, in section, €T. POH (Year 178 =after Chr. 241). Prize urn with a palm branch on a table or pedestal with the inscription AKTIA in the middle. Left and right next to it is a palm branch. M.8. Identical, with Tranquillina, in Num. Chron. 1873 8, 24. 5%. Br. 28 — Same stamp. B [KOIN. TTO]NT.| MH | NEOKAICA, and, in section, ET. POH. price urn with two palm branches on a pedestal like the previous one, but with a palm branch in the middle instead of the inscription. Mus. Copenhagen. 58. Br. 27 - Inscription and bust similar to the previous ones. B KOI TTON. M. NEOKAICAPIAC and, in section, ET. POH. Two Prize urns each with a palm branch on a table with lionesses. M. §. 59. Br. 20 — AY. K.MAP. IOVA. ®IAITTTTOC C. Bust of the emperor with Laurel and robe, to the right. RB MHTPO. NEOKECAPIAE and, in section, ET. PTTE (year 185 = after 248). Sphinx striding to the right; Above this is a prize urn with two palm branches. mM: So Fatel: TV Now le. 1) Mionnet II 354, 129.
(579) 55 About two coins from Neokaisareia from the year 188 = after Chr. 251, without city name see Monn. gr. 464, 28 and numbered magazine. XVIII 1886, 286, 1. I will post a picture of the latter here later Plate IV No. 18. 60. Br. 26 — AY. K.TTO. AIK. OVAAEPIANOC. | Bust portrait of the emperor Laurel and robe, to the right. RB TIONT. MH. NEOKAICAPIA; below ET. PIB (year 192 = after Chr. 255). Victory wreath with A (for “4xr1a) between the tips of the two branches. M. 8. — Cf. Mionnet II 354, 131. Pharnakeia. 61. Br. 20 - Head of Zeus with laurel wreath to the right. B AP about and NAKE. under a zebu beast walking to the right with bent back r. Front legs. Size) 6.15) M.S: Similar coins have the full local name PAPNA | KEQN. Sarbanissa, Kinem only from Ptolemy V 6, 10 known places of the Pontos Polemoniakos BagBeriooa (4 SaoBervicoc) has Sestini in Mus. Hedervar II 17, plate XV 11 a badly preserved coin, their inscriptions himself as somewhat insecure referred to. Head describes in the Hist. num. 8. 427 a similar coin with an- apparently perfect inscription; alone I doubt that this rendition on Autopsy is based and to be expected is. The form of the year, L q is not Asian Minor, but Syrian, and I believe that is almost the case. if I consider the coin to be a Palestinian coin. Sebastopolis—Herakleopolis. Era 2 BC Like the directory below of the coins that I know of As Sebastopolis shows, the influences of this city are limited to the period of September. Severus and Gallienus, namely exclusively to the years 206 and 264 after Chr. The few undated coins (No. 62, 64, 67, 68, 69) are natural with those of Severus at the same time. . A comparison of these with those of Amaseia also shows that that around 206 AD both cities employed the same stamp cutter. Be- especially on coins with the image of Geta the correspondence is both in Cuts of the types and the letters than in orthography a surprising one.
56 (580) If because of this and other infallible signs the choice among the different cities called Sebastopolis from the outset to the one in the Galatian If the Pontus had to fall, it is thanks to the discovery of an inscription, determine the exact former location of the city and at the same time its era to be able to. This is with today's Sulu Serai, almost south of Amaseia and Zela identify, and the era begins in 2 BC) The coins with the images of Sept. Severus and Julia Domna and their sons date all, as already noted, from the year 208 of the city or 206 AD) and all show representations of Heracles, only one of Tyche. Under Of these, the one of Heracles in the temple is the most common. This peculiar rich copper stamping, limited to a single year suggests that the coins embossed for a specific occasion been, for example, at the inauguration of a newly built or restored temple of Local god of the original Herakleopolis named city, and that they are at this Opportunity had been distributed among the residents. All other coins attributed to Pontic Sebastopolis with and without Imperial portraits belong the Carian city of the same name, with the exception of Mionnet Suppl. IV 455, 208, which is from Amphipolis. 62. Br. 28 — AY. KAI. A. CE€TTTI| WED. CEOYHPOC AY, — Bust portrait des Sept. Severus with laurel wreath and robe facing right. RB CEBACT. above, HPAKAEO. in the section. Standing Heracles from the front, The right hand is supported on the club, the lion's skin hanging down on the first arm. The statue is located under a large round arch, which is against Closed on the outside by a latticework is and in the middle between there are two temple fronts, each with four columns. Paris. Mionnet, Suppl. V 60, 305, Herakleia Bith. with HPAKAEQ and Waddington in the review Archeol. 1877! p. 202, 1 with attached. KPAKAEOTTO and téte laurée®. 63. Br. 28 — Similar inscription and bust. RB CEBACTOTTO. HPAKAEO|TTO. and, in the field, T Ho (year 208 = after Chr. 206). Heracles naked to the right, fighting the bull. Collection Waddington. Rev. Arch. a. a. 0. 8. 208, no. 2, from the collection. Gréau, cat. no. 1615 (erroneous readings) = Sabatier, Rev. Number Belge 1860, Tab. III, 38, where AY. ‘CAL. A CCT n CEOXHPOC A; 1) Léon Renier, Revue archéol. 1877 I, pp. 199-205; G. Hirschfeld, meeting report. the Berliner Academy 1883 p. 1266 and map. 2) Head (Hist. num. 427), who lets the era begin with 7 BC, also cites this Year C€ (205), which is unknown to me.
(581) 57 64. Br. 28 — IOYAIA AOMNA AV. Bust portrait the Julia Domna to the right. BR CEBACT. HPAKAEQ. Representation as on No. 62. Webster, Num. Chronicle 1873, P. 26, from Cat. Subhi Pasha 1873; No. 1389. 65. Br. 28 — lIOYAIA, AOMNA AV. The same bust. (The end of this recording writing is somewhat unclear as a result of damage or correction in stamp.) RB CEBACTOTTO. FPAKAEOTT. and, in the field, T—HE (s0). Heracles to the right, strangling the lion. Paris. — Plate V No. 1. Rev. Arch. a. a. O. No. 3, supposedly with have, 66. Br. 28 — Same stamp. R CEBACTOTTO. HPAKAOTTO. (sic) TT.1) In the field T—H-, Heracles walking to the right, the Erymanthian boar with both hinds in front of him carrying. Brit. Mus. — Plate V No. 2. Rev. Arch. a. a. O. No. 4. 67. Br. 27 — AY. KAI. M.AYP.;ANTQNINOC. — Bust portrait of the young person Caracalla, with laurel wreath and robe to the right. RB CE€BACTO. above, HPAKAEOTT. in the section. Same Presentation like on No. 62 and 64, with the difference that on both sides of the big one There is also a smaller round arch in the middle arch, and the latticework extends to all three arches. Paris. — Plate V No. 3. Mionnet II, 441, 168 and Suppl. V, 65, 333 ;*) Rev. Arch, a.s. a. O. No. 5, inaccurate descriptions everywhere. 68. Br. 28 — AY.°KA’ MOGAYPHAT A[INTQNINOC]. The same bust to the right. BR GEBAG POT ea eee, Heracles, head and back with lion skin covered, striding to the left with his head turned back, his right hand up Supporting the club and pointing Kerberos on a rope with his left hand pulling. Berlin. — Plate V No. 4. 69. CETTT. | -FETAC K._ Bust portrait of the Geta as a child to the right. BR CE€BA above, HPAKAEO in section. Representation as on No. 62 and 64. Paris. Rev. Arch. a. a. O. No. 6; Cat. Greppo, plate II, 793. 1) Probably X:faotomoletGv ‘Hoaxheonohet@y Iédyrov. 2) Cf. Gessner, Impp. 158, 7* (Elagab.), in section FPAKA€EOTT. (M. Formont). HEY Dep. d. I. Cl. d. k. Ak. d. Know. XVIII. bd. IIT. Abth. (77) 8
58 (582) 70. Br. 28 — CETTTIMI FETAC KECAP. The same bust on the right. R CEBACTOTTO. HPAKAEOTTO. Head of the youthful Heracles, with the lion skin covered, to the right; including: club and TEI. HC (im years 208). M. S. — Plate V No. 5..: “I also have Evog in the dative form on a note to be described later Mint from Pessinus No. 759 found. 71. Br. 28 — Identical stamp. R C€BACTOTIO. [HPAKJAEOTTO. TT. In the field T—H (208). Tyche, with rudder and fillhorn, standing to the left. Berlin (Fox). — Rev. Arch. a. a. O. No. 7. 72. Br. 29 — AVT. KAI. TTO. AIK, FAAAIHNOC. Bust of Gallienus, with laurel and robe to the right. 1 CEBAG Leet se Heracles to the right, the lion appalling. In Felde [—G (year 266). m4 C Berlin. Taulara. "3. Br. 27 - Head of Zeus wreathed with hichen leaves on the right. B TAYAAPQN. Eagle with unfolded wings to the left in a flash standing and turning his head back. Gr. 19.12 M.S. — Plate IV No. 19. The inscription on the only known coin from Taulara, with a helmeted Head and sword,!) also shows and even more clearly the special alpha form the large bronze. They are also found on the tetradrachms of Mithradates Huer- getes and on one of the earliest of Mithradates EHupator. According to the chronological grouping made on 8. 38 = 562 ff des Pontic copper money appears to have been minted by Taulara around the year 100 BC. trapeze, Era 63 AD 74. Br. 28 — [AY. K.M.] AV.| ANTWNEINONE CGB. head of the teenager Caracalla with laurel to the right. 1) Cat. Allier plate X 14; Magazine f. Num. If 115, Fig.; Cat. Bompois No. 1803; Gotha.
(583) 59 RB [TPATTEZJOVN | TION ETOVC and, below, PAE? (Year 185 = after BC 198). Bust portrait des Light of God Mithras with Phrygian mitt, Halo and robe, to the right next to a horse, from which only the head and chest are visible. Mus. in Arolsen. — Plate V No. 6. The type in question is also made from coins with the portraits of M. Aurelius and Commodus known. One of the latter pieces is from Mionnet III 389, 495 and Lajard, Researches sur Mithra Pt. LXVII 3 due to incorrect reading of the recording writing assigned to the Carian Trapezopolis. 75. Br. 20 — Indistinct inscription. Bust of Elagabalus with laurel and Robe to the right. R UQITU [VON9TT] AIT and, below, M9. T3 (year 155 = after Chr. 218). Naked Hermes, standing in front leaning to the left, the right. Foot on one Stone and the first arm with the chlamys supported on the knee; in the right he holds the staff. Berlin. — Plate V No. 7. 76. Br. 28 — AY. K. CEO | YH. AAEZAN. Bust of Severus Alexander with laurel and robe to the right. RB TPATTEZOYNTICON and, in the section, ET, PI (year 163 = after 226). Mithras, with Phrygian cap and the tips of the lunar sickle in front of the shoulders, to the right on horseback, in front of which a flaming one Altar stands. Behind the rider is a tree with a raven on top stands to the right. M.S. — Plate.V._ No.8, On a coin of the same year, in addition to the raven, there is also a snake in front of and in front of and behind the rider stands a young man, one with a raised, the other with the torch lowered.1) All of these phenomena are reminiscent to the knew images of Mithras?) and it is therefore probably our coin type as such to comprehend. "7. Br. 32 — M. Q. CEYHPAN CEB. Bust of Otacilia Severa to the right. B TPA |TTE | ZOVN | TIWN and in the field €T. | ATTP (year 181 = after 244). Bust portrait the Tyche with tower crown, veil and robe, to the right. M.S. 1) F. Streber, Num. non. gr. Plate III 10 and Gerhard, Arch. Zeitung 1854 p. 209 Plate LXV 1. The raven, which is not shown in these illustrations, stands here above the horse's head. 2) Lajard a. a. O. Plate LXXIV—CIV. Plate LXXX shows two depictions of Mithras with crescent moon and stars in the mantle. 8*
60 (584) Paphlagonia, Since Eckhel the published material on dated Paphlagonian coins did not increase significantly during the Rémer period, even now the problem remains The mood of the urban calendar in Paphlagonia is partly uncertain. The airs of Germanikopolis and Neoclaudiopolis were cultivated with this to identify that of Amaseia. If this were correct, one would have to have them, like these, from the year 7 to 2 BC, which means that the safe mint dates of Germanikopolis, which dates back to the year 4 BC at the latest,') are not correct. Man The year 7 will therefore still be retained for the two cities for the time being have to. For Neoclaudiopolis you have one because of the date 191, which is on one Coin with the portrait of Antoninus Pius is said to stand,*) a second era, according to One in 45, according to others, beginning in 48 BC. Where is that? The piece is currently located and I have not found out whether its date was read correctly. can drive.?) To go into further examination of this urgent question, I hold therefore for undesirable. In Sinope it goes to Macrinus from 45 BC, the year of its founding of the colony by Caesar, later, it seems, from the year 70 BC. Finally, from inscriptions it is almost certain that highlighted that Abonuteichos, Amastris and Pompeiopolis after the Pompeian era, 64 before BC, calculated.*) Abonuteichos — Jonopolis. Autonomous prizing of Abonuteichos is not known. At least it seems not to confirm Wise's description of such, and another piece with the same types turned out to be the origin of the Sicilian Solus.°) The oldest mint in the city to date is the following: 78. Br. 20 — AYT. NEP. TPAIANOC KAICAP CEBACTOC. head of Traianus with laurel to the right. 1) Coins with the head of Sept. Severus, who died in 211, show the dates 214 and 215. 2) Mionnet, Suppl. IV 568, 104 from Mus. Farnese. 3) In Mus. in Naples, where, at least in part, the Farnese collection was come, the coin is not there. 4) G. Hirschfeld, meeting report. the k. Prussian Academy 1888 pp. 875 ff., 887, 889; doublet, Bull. de Corr. hell. 1889 p. 313. 5) Sestini, Mus. Hedervar II 30.
(585) 61 RE ABQNOT[EIXEJITQN. Demeter with veil standing to the left, with two Ears of grain in the right hand, and the left on the scepter (or torch). M.8. 79. Br. 25 — ANNIA NEA | PAYCTINA. Bust portrait the younger one Faustina to the right. R ABQNOTELI| XEITQN. The same image of Demeter. M.8. The change of name from Abonuteichos to Jonopolis, which Alexandros, the paphlagonian wWevdoucrtig, successfully sought in Rome, has soon after Emperors M. Aurelius and L. Verus took office. S0;. Br. °20:— one, ANTQNINOC. Bust portrait of M. Aurelius with robe to the right. RB IQNOTTO | AITQN. Nike with wreath and palm branch walking to the left. In trade. 81. Br. 25 — M. ANT. FOPAIANOC. Bust of Gordianus IIL with laurel and robe to the right. IQNO | TTOAEITQN. The snake Glykon with human head to the right. In trade. With the same type and portrait of Trebonianus Gallus one piece of the Paris Cabinet, from the de Moustier collection, cat. no. 3111. Aigialos has no coins, as already. has been noticed from various quarters.) Amastris. Era 64 BC On the dating of the silver coins Monn. size 8p. 227-229 has J. P. Six in Num. Chronicle 1885 pp. 63-65. 82. Br. 21 — Tyche head with wall crown to the right. B Fl G3 = before Chr.-51) | AMAZ | TPEQE on three lines in a wreath. Gr. 7.25 Munich. Sestini, Descr. num. vet. p. 241. 83. Br. 21 — The same head to the right. 1) Numerical magazine 1886, p. 285, and Head, Hist. num. P. 432, note 1.
62 (586) EB AMAZX | TPEQE about and under two crosswise provided burning torches; between these FA (33 = before Chr. 31). The whole thing from one Surrounded by wreaths. Gr. 8.20 M. S. — Plate V No. 9. — Cf. Ramus, Mus. reg. Dan. I 197, 4 plate IV, 16 with two counterstamps. 84. Br. 21 — The same head, with a garment on the neck, to the right. BT—M (48 = before Chr. 21) | AM—Ax | TPE—QE on three lines, and Thyrsus staff, in a wreath. Haym, Thes. Brit. Il plate XIX 10. Mionnet, Suppl. IV 552, 11 and Sestini, Lett. num. contin. VIII 5, 2 quote another coin with the number €K; these but is without a doubt from Laodicea in Phrygia and the alleged date a monogram.*) Dates 13, 33 and 43 are the only ones which I have so far on coins from Amastris hit. You relate the more securely to the Pompeian era, as Style and writing of the pieces marked with it these just in the one on Mithradates show the following time. 85. Br. 19 — MHTPO. | AMACTPIANQN. Bust of Helios, with rays crown and robe, to the right. R MHTPO. above, AA (for AMA) below. In the hollow of a crescent moon a star with eight rays and eight points between them. Berlin. — Plate V No. 10. Paris, without the points. Mionnet Suppl. IV 553, 16. 86. Br. 20 — AION[YCO]C | CEBACTOC. Bust portrait of the youthful Dionysus on the right, wreathed with ivy and the breast covered with the nebris. RB AMACTPIANQN MHTPOTTOAEITQN. Vine with six grapes. Vienna. — Plate V No. 11. Helios also has the nickname SeBaotog on coins. B. in Tralleis. Both pieces no. 85 and 86 seem to belong to Trajan's time, in which alone, on coins, the city bore the title of unteomokg. Sestini claims, The same can also be found on prizes with the portrait of Maximinus;?) Only the mint of the Munich Cabinet, the imprint of which I have, shows this instead alleged MHT. clearly only H, i.e. h. one of the numerals B, [, A and H which, as far as can be seen, from the time of Elagabalus to denote 2, 3, 4 and 8 Assaria stand. Belonging in this spiteful era of the value mark also the following both pieces: 1) Mon. gr. pp. 407, 127a. 2) Sestini, Latvia. num. cont. VIIL pp. 6 and 8, no. 13; Mionnet Suppl. IV 564, 91.
(587) 63 8%. Br. 22 — Bust portrait of the Kore with a wreath of grain and veil on the right; before him, burning torch; rear K(6s?) BR [AMJAC | TPIAN | QN. Sailing ship to the right; in the field |. A (4 Assaria). Gr. 5.60 M. S. — Plate V No. 12. Veil and torch are attributes the Kore like Demeter.*) With that You can find the daughter on the beautiful silver coins from Cyzicus and, together with the veil the inscription KOPH, on coins from Priene and Nysa. The otherwise inexplicable one Letter K of our coin can therefore very well for the initial of the name of the Gettin standing. Ships also appear on coins from Amastris with the images of Antoninus Pius and M. Aurel.*) 88. Br. 24 — OMH|POC. Bust portrait of Homer with robe to the right. i AMACTPI| ANQN in section; left MEAHEL. The river god Meles, beardless and bare-chested, to the left lying down, with the right hand on the r. holding knee-supported lyre; in the left a branch and depicts under the water urn. Between the lyre and the upper body of Meles [ (8 Assaria). Gr. 4.50 sts. 8. According to their factory, this is the latest production with the types of Homer and Meles, and belongs to the time of Gordianus III. Friedlinder attributed a coin with Traian's portrait to Amastris, on which he AMHCTPA CEBACTH read.*) But the reading is wrong and it says AHMHTPA CEBACTH, as on another specimen that I brought to Monn. gr. 8. 464, 29 have described; see below in Sebaste. | 89. Br. 20 — PAYCTEINA NEA CEBACTH. Bust portrait of the younger Faustina to the right. RB AMACTP | IANQN. Bust of Isis to the right, with the sistrum in front of her chest. Vienna. — Plate V No. 138. Paris. Mionnet II 395, 45. This little coin is here again just because of its cute design described and illustrated. 90. Br. 17 — PAYCTEINA | CEBACTH. The same bust on the right. B AMACTPIANQN, Star in the hollow of a crescent moon. M.8. 1) Overbeck, Gr. Art myth. IT8.514. 2) Mionnet Suppl. IV 556, 36; Num. Chron. 1869 pp. 162, 20. 3) Berliner Blatter I 1863 p. 140, plate V 6.
64 (588) Kromna, Sesamos, Tion. Of the four cities of Kytoros, Kromna, Sesamos and Tion, through whose connection Amastris was founded around 300 BC,') only Kytoros has none to have coins. Kromna and Sesamos are simultaneous and similar Mintings in silver and copper are known;*) from the same period, the last third the fourth century, the only known copper coins also date from Tion, which were struck before the founding of Amastris, No. 91 and 92. After this one Over time, the names Kromna and Sesamos always disappear on coins, but not that of Tion. This place was soon restored to its former position of self- returned to the permanent community, namely, like this from Strabo 544 and one rare Tian coin with the writing Eleutheria as a type, no. 98, seems to emerge, if not before, then immediately after the queen's death Amastris in 288 BC. The style of this coin does not allow the same as P. Sibilian suggested,’) attributed to the Mithradatic period, like that little more than the silver that he quite rightly used for comparison. coins of the Bithynian Heraclea, with the writing Nike, are to be set.*) In both places the writing deity of the coins will mark a victory for democracy have had to deal with tyranny, and present themselves as such, in appropriate time, the events of the year 281. After the death of Amastris Lysimachus gave Herakleia along with Tion and Amastris to Queen Arsinoe, who there by the tyrannical Herakleides had Kyme represent him. After Then Lysimachus fell, the Heracliotes seized the person of the violent habers and restored their freedom.®) With Heraclea, however, that was the problem Bare Tion also became free again, and so it is likely that that back then both cities praised the types of freedom in question, the more powerful one Silver, the less important only in copper. The remaining autonomous coins of Tion are all from a spiteful time, the oldest the same, the No. described below. 94 from the year 59 BC. Then they follow Coins with imperial portraits, as in Amastris, only since Domitian. 91. Br. 15 - Head of Zeus with laurel on the left. RB TIA|NON. Eagle standing to the left. Gr. 3.35 M.S. Dresden, (10 million) 1) See. E. Kuhn, On the emergence of the cities of the ancients 1878 p. 273 ff. 2) Mon. size 8p. 229 and 230. 3) Numerical journal II 1870 p. 307. 4) Magazine for Number VII pp. 23, 4 and 5, plate I 13; Six, Num. Chron. 1885 pp. 62 and 63. 5) P. Becker, Archive for Philol. and Padag. XIX p. 194; Droysen, business of Hellenism (2)II? §& $21, 828 et al.
(589) 65 92. Br. 15 — Likewise, with ears of wheat under the head of Zeus, and lightning under the eagle. Gr. 5.80 Paris. Cat. Allier plate XI, 14; Brandis, Mint Creature 8.551. Mionnet's description, Suppl. V 257, 1497 is incorrect. The style of the Zeus head is identical to that one the coins of Kromna and sesame seeds. 93. Br. 19 -— TIANO& about one female Head to the left, with Stephane, Sphendone and earrings decorated. BR EAEYOEPIA before the goddess of freedom, the one with naked upper body (as Nike often does) sits on the left on a chair and with the stylus in his hand Write the last letter of the inscription on the right. Gi 20a Se P. Sibilian, Numerical Journal. 1870, p. 306 Plate VIII 4. A third copy of this coin has Mionnet Suppl. IV 317, 141 after Sestini registered at Eleuthernai on Crete. It is said to have been in Consinéry's possession, but, as it seems, is not available in Munich. 94. Br. 23 — TIANQN behind the head of the youthful Dionysus with ivy wreath to the right; including AK (224 = before Chr. 59); front JX: REN! FAIOY right, TTANIPIOY | KAPBQNOZ left and, in the section, [PQMH]. Roma Nikephoros sitting left. Gr. 6.90 M.S. Until now, Carbo coins had only come from Nikaia, Nikomedeia, Prusa, and Bithynion and Amisos known.?) Gangra—Germanicopolis. Era 7 BC (?) The only coin known so far with the name “Gangra”) The following new variety joins: 95. Br. 30 — ANTQNI | NOC os: Bust portrait of the young person Caracalla with Laurel and armor, to the left; on the 1st arm one decorated with the Gorgoneion Shield. RB APX.|TTA®. over a castle with two gates between two high towers; in the TANTPQ | section N M. 8S. — Plate V No. 15. 1) Th. Reinach, Rev. Num. 1887 8. 363. 2) F. Kenner, the Minzs. of the St. Florian Monastery 1871 p. 157 plate V 14, with the Caracalla head to the right. Dep. d. I. Cl. d. k. Ak. d. Know. XVIII. Vol. IIT. Abth. (78) 9
66 (590) Like the impression I have of the very poorly preserved piece in St. Florian shows that the backs of both copies are stamped with the same stamp, only the sides of the head are different. 96. Br. 31 — AYT. K.M.AYP. | ANTQNINOC. Bust portrait of the young person Caracalla with laurel and scale armor, facing right. R APXEO.|TTA®AA. above, FANT PA in section. Similar representation. Mus. Hunter. — Plate V No. 14. ; On another coin with the head of Caracalla, which Postolakka in his synopsis num. vet. 1878 8. 51 mentioned without further description, is dem names Germanicopolis the lower geographical name TrPOC FATFPA attached. The question of whether the highest rare coins with the inscriptions TANFPQN and FANIPA should be understood as a separate expression of Gangra, or as those of the Germanikopolis located zrodg Tayyea, can, as the following considerations should show results, should only be decided in favor of the latter city. ' Germanikopolis itself is a city name that only Justinian's Novellae 29, 1 with Fequavindrokeg 7 me0¢ ayyeay, and Ptolemy V 4, 5, I written eouavozcodig, have handed down. Pliny, in whose time one should assume that, especially in Rome, the name of the newly founded Germanikopolis, seems to have been the more common one only knowing Gangra. To date it does not appear in inscriptions at all. Against testifies to the preservation of the city's reputation During the imperial period there was a rich copper embossing from the time of Septimius Severus, according to which Germanikopolis received the honorary title eovia Sedv?) and dex(cuoratn) or aey(aidzolc) Hag(Aayoviac) led, while Pompeio- polis and Sebaste only had the one untedrols Haphayoviag. That title APX. TTA®. but, which could only go to one town in the province, is at the same time the one, whose set out to meet Mitinzen No. 95 and 96 also praise Gangra seems, and from this circumstance the political importance of Gangra can be seen and Germanikopolis derive. In contrast to the latter, Gangra is made by old writers often mentioned. It was a high-altitude, strong castle with a town complex and, until Not long before our era, the seat of the Paphlagonian and Galatian kings Princes.2) Undoubtedly one of the first Roman emperors has next to this Castle (zed¢ F'éyyea) an extension of the existing city or a new foundation took place, which, with Gangra as the acropolis, was given the name Germanikopolis. 1) With this Title alone, without location name, describes Sestini, Mus. Hedervar II 32, 122 coins with the portraits of M. Aurelius and Faustina. 2) About old Gangra and current Changri see K. Ritter's Asia Minor I 1858 8S. 355 to 359.
(591) 67 Without being politically separated, both parts of the city could have different names, like this e.g. B. was the case in Amastris, where centuries after the founding In this city the castle still retained the old city name Sesamos.) To get to this Germanikopolis near Gangra, it's a short distance from other towns of the same name to distinguish, the native name was probably preferred the old town, which later again until the Turkish rule, after Germanic polis, which had long since disappeared again, regained its old appearance. In Christian lichen inscriptions®) as well as by writers of the Byzantine period is Gangra still often referred to as the episcopal see and the first metropolis of Paphlagonia. Examples of similar name changes ancient cities are like this from coinage many times known, that by name Introductions definitely omitted here become know. Often will the old and new names are placed next to each other at the same time needs, Often the new one retains lasting validity or the old one is replaced again new. Every now and then the old one pops up as a mere reminder. Now what the inscription APX common to both city names. TTAQ®. be- said Director Kenner in his statement learned commentary to the gangra Mint is the view that the same, according to frequent analogies in the Greek coinage system to a magistrate - in this case to an archon Paphon or Paphianos — zm interpret be. But this explanation is contradicted by the fact that that on Pontic, Paphlagonian and generally Asia Minor coins of the 2nd and 3rd years - hundred who do not belong to the province of Asia, names and titles of magistrates do not appear, but only titles and other details Names of the predominant cities. APX. TTA®. is therefore only in the latter to understand sense, d. h. as a civic honorary title, named after Head on ceyovonc the Hunter Mint with APXEO. TIAMAA, but in ceyadzodig or ceyato- taty Hagdayoviag*) to supplement wire, and its simultaneous occurrence on the Differently named coins alone, as already highlighted, the identity of Gangra with Germanikopolis attested. Incidentally, it seems to be the case with the name Gangra, precisely because it as isolated as it is, the explanation seems obvious. Like in Sebastopolis In Herakleopolis there will also be some other reason in Germanikopolis, e.g. b. handsome buildings, which led to the depiction of Gangra Castle on coins; and that under this extraordinary mint image the name of the castle and old town city came to a standstill seems almost self-evident. The reason why here The inscription is in the genitive instead of, as would be expected, in the nominative case 1) Strabo 544. 2) C.J. Gr. 8955. 3) The alternation of a and ¢, such as B. in dozadaolis and dozedaolis occurs frequently, so on coins from Palaiopolis see below No. 497-498 and the note thereto. Q*
68 (592) in it to find that t¢ ayyea is next to Germanikopolis as a city name, with the same Honorary titles like this, like Herakleopolis next to Sebastopolis, Gordieion next to Juliopolis ete. From the inscription on the coin mentioned above of the Museum in Athens, NPOC There is no need to close CAFPA that the singular form 1 Teyyea equals- was in use early with the plural form, as the name of the position was 7@0¢ with the accusative is common during this time. 97. Br. 30 — AV. KAI. A. CETT.;| CEOVHPOC AV. Bust of the emperor with Laurel, armor and robe to the right. BR APX. TTA®. FEPMANE]| KOTTOAIC ECTIA OEWN; in the field left ET. and below [C]AI (year 214 = AD 207?). To the right crouching ones naked ones Aphrodite, arranging her hair with her right hand, the |. Hands up the |. Leg. Berlin (Fox). — Plate V No. 16. 98. Br. 30 — Vs. from the same stamp. BAPX. TIAd. FEPMA|NIKOTTOAIC ECTIA and, in sections OCQN. In the field €|T, and C|Al. Zeus Serapis enthroned to the left, the rights holding over Kerberos, who sits to his left at his feet, and his left hand leaning on the scepter. St Petersburg. 99. Br. 30 — AY. K.A.C.| CEOVHPOC A. The same bust on the right. BR APX. TIA. FEP| MANIC. ECTIA and in sections O€EQN. In the field €|T. and C\eél (year 215 = AD 208?). Youth standing to the left divine deity, in short chiton and boots, with a kalathos (?) on the head, in the raised right hand a wreath, in the left one Art holding scepter. At her feet, only half visible to the left striding bull (?). Brunnendirection Gleichenberg. — Board Veo. 1%. This Piece was together with Remic copper coins, the majority of which Salus type shows, found near Bad Gleichenberg in Steyermark. Whether the animal, whose one forefoot appears to be two-hoofed, really has one I dare not decide whether it should represent a bull. You could also go to a hérnten Lions think. 100. Br. 29 — AV. KAI. A. CE. | CEOVHPOC. The same bust on the right. B FEPMANI|KOTTOAEQC and in the sections ECTIA O€/QN, Tempel- front with four winding columns; small in the middle those standing to the left Figure with a short chiton, probably that of the previous coin. Munich. See Mionnet IT 397, 58.
(593) 69 101. Br. 29 — AY. KAI. A. C€.| CECOYHPOC A. The same bust on the right. KR FEPMANIKO|TIOAEQC ET. CEl. Winged Nemesis standing to the left, holding the staff in his right hand and the goatee in his left. In front of her Fiissen, Rad. M.S. 102. Br. 29 — AV. KAI: A. Cé. | CEOVHPOC. Head of the Emperor with laurel wreath to the right. BR PEPMANIK |OTTOAEQC ET. and in the field on the left C€|1. Same type to the left. Collection Lébbecke. — Plate V No. 18. 103. Br. 29 — A. KAI. A. C€.;| CEOVHPOC. The same head to the right. B FEPMANI|KOTTOAEQC; in the field €|T. and in sections CEl. temple front with four winding columns, without an image of the god. In trade. 104. Br. 29 — IOVA. AOM|NA CEBAC. — Bust of Julia Domna on the right. RB FEPMANIKO[TTOAEQC] ECTIAC and in sections OCEQN. legal Crouching naked Aphrodite with her head from the front; with the right she arranges her hair, the left rests on the left thigh. Behind her little Eros. Paris. — Plate V No. 19. Mionnet, Suppl. [V 566, 96 has the left one when describing this coin The goddess's thigh, with her hand resting on it, was thought to be a goat The alleged existence can then be attributed to that of Stephanos Byz. traditional founding fable sourced from Gangra. 105. Br. 29 — Likewise, with CEPMANIKOTTO | AEQC ECTIAC | OEQN. Berlin. 106. Br. 29 — ANTQN|INOC CE€BA. Bust portrait of the youthful Caracalla left- there, with laurel, robe and shield as on No. 95. ' R PFEPMANIKOTTOAEQC ECTIA[C?] and in the field OENX)N. Female Figure in double chiton standing from the front on a broad base, head turned to the left, both arms spread out to the side and one in the right Bowl (?), holding a short torch in the left. M.S. 107. Br. 30 — TT. CETTTI.| TFETAC K. Bust of Geta with robe facing right. R FEPMANIKOTTOAE|QC OECQN ECTIAC. The Aequitas (dxaroovrn) standing in the double chiton from the front, the head turned to the left, in the right the balance and in the left holding a knotted staff, the upper one End at the |. shoulder lies. Munich. — Plate V No. 20.
70 (594) 108. Br. 30 — TT. C€TT.| FETA KA. The same bust. R inscription and temple exactly as on No. 103. In trade. In addition to the deities listed here, there are only two years minted coins from Germanikopolis, there are others, such as Artemis, Men, Asclepius and Nike, so that one can really assume that the city has the title gotria Seay deserves. Cavedoni gives a different explanation for this,') that on Tantalos goes back and seems a bit far-fetched. The arrangement of the numbers in the data CAI and CEl, instead of CIA and CIE, is a bit unusual, but it comes e.g. B. also on simultaneous embossings of Tavion, in CHI, before. Himilion? 109. Br. 21 — Head of Tyche with wall crown to the right. R IMIAIOV under a winged lightning; above that star in the cavity a crescent moon. Gr. 10.10 M.S. According to its origin and symbol, this coin belongs to the Pontus or Paphla- gonia, according to the factory and the type of head, more like a place in the latter province. The possibility that there is a letter in front of the inscription that is visible, e.g. iF K confessed, is not ruled out; but the attempt, about KIMIATOV for that Genetive of a singular form of ta Kuutava, the name of one created by Strabo in 562 The mountain castle in the interior of Paphlagonia must be read clearly in view of this received IMIAIOV must be abandoned from the outset. Neoclaudiopolis. About the era was discussed above, unfortunately without new results. The city name seems to have had the same fate as that of Germanicopolis; during a few centuries is he next to the old one, “dvdeara, officially used and then repressed by him again. Where in the lower It seems that it has not yet been determined where the place was located in the Halys region. The coin in Mionnet Suppl. IV 569, 107 is not from Neoclaudiopolis, but from the Reman colony of Nineveh. 1) Spicilegio 8S. 127-129.
(595) 71 Pompeiopolis. 110. Br. 30 — [AV.] K. A. CETTT. | CEVHPOC [CEB] Head of the emperor with Laurel to the right. BB MHTPO. TTA®[A.] | TTIOMTTHIOTTOAIC. Naked Heracles forward standing, head turned to the left, right supported on club, in on the left the lion skin. M.8. Sebastian. The previous proposals the city called Se@aorn on Miinzen with the Sebastopolis-Herakleopolis, located east of Zela, or that of the Queen's time Pythodoris Sebaste renamed Kabeira-Diospolis or even the one towards Armenia To identify Sebasteia, now Siwas, everyone fails because of the title below. mohig Iaghayoviag, which Sebaste, like Pompeiopolis, lists on some of his coins. None of those Pontic cities could ever be counted as part of Paphlagonia, and the character of the coins themselves conflicts an allocation of the same to a city in the interior of the province. Which Paphlagonian city but the name Sebaste assumed, is not recorded anywhere. Limit Sebaste's impressions refers to the times of Trajan and M. Aurelius. All of them show the city name in the nominative case,') like some of the coins from Amastris, Germanikopolis, Pompeiopolis. As a federal mint with Amastris man a stamp from the Antonine period to consider, which on the one hand that Bust of Tyche with the inscription AMACTPIC, on the other hand the Nike and CCBACTH has.) That interpretation seems to me not perfect, however secured; oefaory could simply refer to Nike, as 'Victoria Augusta', because for one Federal mint would require an even representation of both cities, such as: B. on a coin from the same era, the reverse of which depicts two city goddesses along with the image. font AMAGTPIC AMICOC shows.*) In any case, the city name is 3eSaor7 refer to a place neighboring Amastris, and as such we refer to Kytoros to suggest. As is well known, they were its residents Founded in 300 BC summoned by Amastris; but not long afterwards he appears, like Tion, 1) The autonomous coin at Mionnet Suppl. IV 570, 110 probably belongs to someone else Sebastian; in Munich, where Sestini saw it, it is not among the Paphlagonian coins, and couldn't be found otherwise. 2) Mionnet II] 390, 18 = Pellerin Recueil II plate XL 4; T. Combe, Mus. Brit. 157, 6; Mus. Sanclemente I plate VI 8. 3) Mionnet II 392, 28.
72 (596) again a community of its own formed and, after the handsome ruins to close, the still tavernier and Jaubert saw in Roman times and later in to have flourished and respected.) That Kytoros was once called Sebaste and later lost this name again, is, according to the analyzes already given, Logies are very possible, and there may be inscriptions at some point for this assumption. But what I do for the time being only as particularly likely emphasize me is that the Paphlagonian Sebaste is more correct on the coast than in the Inland areas should be looked for. Among the few from Sestini in the Lettere num. contin. V p. 35 described Embroidery Since then, no noteworthy varieties have been added. Lines of the the former, no. 4, was recently published in another copy by A. Butkowski been, but misread and assigned.*) The inscription AHMHTPA CEBACTH another fellow innocence*) could also the meaning 'Ceres Augusta' have; because as a rule getter names, e.g. B. especially in Amastris, from which residents accompanied by names in the genitive case, and not by the city name in the nominative case. It is but now it's more likely to me that Ajuntea Accusative the usual form of the grid name and that the city name is in the nominative case, as e.g. b. occurs frequently in Nikaia. Sinope. J. P. Six wrote about the autonomous coins of Sinope in the Num. Chronicle 1885 pp. 15-65 dealt with in detail and with excellent criticism. Of the type of a. a. O. S. 17 No. 9 described anepigraphic drachma of good style, now in my collection, give my animal and plant books edited with O. Keller pictures on coins and gems' Plate V 11 is a good illustration. As new Varieties follow here: 111. P. 16 — Head of a sea eagle and below it a dolphin, both facing left. B Two recessed squares; in one of them capital H or ZT. Gr. 5.75 M. S. — Plate VI No. 1. 112. P. 18 — Likewise with |, Gr. 5.36 Dr. H. Weber London. 113. Br. 17 — FAVSTIN.|AVG. — Bust of the younger Faustina on the right. 1) See K. Ritter, Asia Minor I 1011. At Abulfeda 389 Kitru, and today called Kidros. Most of the ancient buildings and columns should gradually go to Constantinople to have been transferred. 2) Revue number 1883 p. 380 plate IX 12, now in the Lébbecke collection. 3) Mon. size 464, 29.
(597) 73 RC. 1. F. CINOPE (see above) | ANN. CCVI (year 162 AD). The one standing to the right Genius of the city, with a naked upper body, the right. Arm placed on a stele supports, holding a horn in his left hand. Vatican. — Plate VI No. 2. C. L. Grotefend has published a similar piece, but the genius for one female figure, and the date was incorrectly calculated as 164 AD.*) Timolaion. This city has head in history. num. 8. A copper coin was awarded in 4385. But it doesn't say TIMOA. but TIMOOE. on it, and the piece is a Domestic coin of the Phrygian Apamea. BITHYNIA. Astakos. From those in the Monn. gr. pp. 2832-238 cataloged coins is only the second group, 8. 234, no. 20-22, Astakos to attribute; the others follow suit Apollonia at Ryndakos (see below 8. 84 = 608). The following variety is new: 114. P. 15 — Crayfish, holding a mussel between its claws. & woman's head with Cecryphalos to the left in a recessed square. Identification schen stamp like No. 21. Gr. 4.90 M. 8. — The Vs. shown in Imhoof and Keller, animal and Plant pictures VIII 7. Kaisareia—Germanike. In the hist. num. 8. 438 Head pointed out for the first time that that the generally the Commagenic Kaisareia Germanikeia attributed Coins in two series to divorce are, one of which is labeled KAICAPEWN FEPMANIKEWN COM. remain in the city mentioned, the other but, with KAILZAPEIA FEPMANIKH (in the nominative and genitive) of the bithyni- belongs to the town of this name. Here So that's also the one in my monn. gr. 8. 439, 1 described coin to draw, on the back of which a mountain god with the inscription OAVMTTOL is depicted. 1) Uned. Greek and Roman Coins 1864 p. 36, 8 plate II 12. Dep. d. I. Cl. d. k. Ak. d. Know. XVIII. bd. IIT. Abth. (79) 10
74 (598) is provided. This picture on the one hand, and on the other hand the types of ships and ports Coins of the Bithynian Imperial Empire) suggest that that the place is a sea city with a view of Mount Olympus, a conclusion that is in no way true. This means that this city was located on the Propontis coast. Among the cities of the Bithynian interior, Ptolemy mentions V 1, 14 Kawdoea % xai Suvechea 7 Suvediery, which presumably despite the various names, identical to Kaisareia Germanike is.*) According to the, albeit often unreliable, The location between Prusa is based on the geographer's inaccurate and distorted figures at Olympos and the estuary of Ryndakos to search, d. h. either on that Daskylitis Lake, which is not exactly likely, or at Lake Apolloniatis, where the Ryndakos flows out. Here, near Ulubad, was a city the Byzantines called it Lopadion and where recently French travelers called one Inscription stone with a ship found in relief, its good writing character on to indicate the early imperial period seems.*) From Lopadion was the Ryndakos navigable to the sea, and this direct connection with the Propontis seems The Apolloniates at the opposite end of the lake have also always been used to have.t) As we will see later, this Apollonia has at times with types (anchor, ship), which is otherwise only assumed for sea cities; and therefore will it doesn't even seem strange if the place which, like Lopadion, the only important one could also have been a station on the water route from Apollonia to the sea and even more often have practiced with ship types should. Moreover led from Lopadion from Ways to Cyzicus and Germe, so that the geographical location of the place seems so favorable, that the proposal, here Kaisareia to sell lay, is not an unauthorized person; all the conditions for this are fulfilled there, one Inland city with harbor, opposite Mount Olympus. This assumption is certain however not, and it can Finally, ask yourself whether there is anything nearby 1) Mionnet V 115, 23 (with illustration in Lajard, Culte du Cypreés plate VIII 7 and Annali dell’ Inst. arch. 1847 plate C 6); 117, 34 and Suppl. VIII 86, 13, 14, 17. 2) Without an epithet, Kaisareia can also be found in Hierocles 693 and in the Not. epic. often cited; also with Dio Chrysostus. or. 47 p. 526, where it was a small town near Prusa is designated. — Pliny H.N. V 40, 3 (V 148) calls Helgas oppidum in the interior of the province quae Germanicopolis,' which Mannert VI 3, p. 559 with Kaisareia (Germanike) to identify seems. See also Forbiger Handb. II 392 note and 3) Lechat and Radet in the Bull. de Corr. Hell. XII 1888, pp. 188-192. Cichorius (session report. the Berl. Academy 1889 p. 369) this inscription and all other antiquities in Ulubad are considered Cycian. 4) Gustav Hirschfeld had referred me to a note from Sestini (Viaggio 1779 p. 83). to make note of the fact that not long ago there were ships coming out of the Black Sea and from Constantinople often drove up to Ulubad. Sestini says the same thing in spiter Lett. num. contin. VIII 51, 6.
(599) 75 from Prusa there were not two cities of Kaisareia, which could be Different traditional nicknames to distinguish pilegte. After a coin of the Paris Cabinet, the Muret in the Annuaire de Num. VI 1882 8. 206, along with 24 other coins from the two Kaisareia, The nickname Teguavixy comes from Germanicus, which is mentioned in the inscription xtvoryg is named. But as the name Kaisareia suggests, must this latter the city have already led before,!) which can also be seen from the following coin: 115. Br. 28 — CTEBAXTOZ. Head of Augustus to the right. RB KAIZAPEQN CLAY EN BEIOYNIA. caduceus; below [ (number characters?). Butkowski, Dict. num. 8. 986 No. 1802, after an earlier one in the collection. Stroganoff, beautifully preserved copies. Perhaps due to some natural event, the city e.g. B. Earthquake, very suffered and then had it restored to Germanicus, which gave him the title of Founders moved in. 116. Br. 20 — M. ANT. AIAAOYMENIANOC K._ Bust portrait of Caesar with Robe to the right. R KAICAPEIAC | FEPMANIKHC. Helios, with flying robe behind on the shoulder, hurrying to the right, a torch in each hand. M.S. Crateia-Flaviopolis. 117. Br. 26 — lOVAIA | AOMNA CE. Bust of the Domna on the right. BR KPH|TIEQ|N and in the section BIAAEOC. The bearded one River god Billaios to the left lying, holding ears of grain in his right hand, the left, with a pipe, leaning on the overturned water urn. M.5. Similarly, with Geta, in Berl. Blaittern V 1870, p. 15, lla, plate LV, 2, where Smoke indicates an idol in the god's hand instead of the grain. 11p. Brokers ie oe | FETAC K._ Bust portrait of the Geta with his robe on the right. BR [KPH]TIEQN |PAAOVIOTT. Demeter to the left between two snakes standing at her feet, ears of grain in her right hand, the scepter in her left hand holding. Schottenstift in Vienna. The two snakes here undoubtedly indicate the snake chariot where Demeter is often depicted. 1) The coins at Mionnet II 419 and 420 belong to Phanagoria and Tralleis. 10*
76 (600) The coin, which Head, Hist. num. p. 440 with the title aeyeoevg, is Temenothyrai has long since been restituted by Mrs. Streber and Muret.+) Dia. That so far coins attributed to this city partly the _pontic Kabeira Diospolis, partly belong to other places, is proven above been. Heraclea. 119. Br. 19 - Head of the youthful Heracles with the lion skin to the right. R HPAKAEQTAN between gorytos and club; including 1H (18). Gr. 3.21 M.S. Similar, with OP (109) at Sestini, Latvia. num. IV. 93 under Heraclea in Thrace and in Mionnet, in a poor translation of the Sestinian description, Suppl. V 55, 279; also Mionnet II 439, 159 with OP (170), which reading according to an available the cast seems secured. 120. Br. 20 — The same head to the left, with a counterstamp: A in a ring. RK HPAKAE | QTAN. Nike with wreath and palm branch standing to the left; before their OF (73). Gr. 5.40 sts. 8. To determine the era, which numbers above underlying like, further material is required. For the time being I just wanted to focus on the foregoing coming of signs to draw attention, who already Cavedoni held for data.’) 121. Br. 19 — TON KTICTAN. Bust of Heracles on the right, the Lion skin knotted around the neck, the club over the first shoulder. Pkr. BR HPA | KAEQ | TAN TT | TQ on four lines in a leaf wreath. Pkr. Gr. 3.96 m. 58. The stick shines to be from the time of Gordianus III. TITQ stands without Doubts for TTONTQ. 122. Br. 17 — ANTQNINOC | AVFOVCTOC. Head of the bearded Caracalla with Laurel to the right. R HPAKAHAC | €N TIONTQ. Herm from the front, with what appears to be female Heads and clothes. M. S. — Plate VI No. 3. 1) Mélanges de Num. II 1877 p. 8. 2) Fiorelli, Annali di num. 1873 I p. 30.