Zeitschrift für Numismatik, vol. 14 — 1887

[KauchJ.

All of these pieces are in the Berlin Coin Cabinet as well in all the other collections I visited in the city Pallenses in Cephalonia. But in my opinion There can be no doubt about their true place of questioning, which the Cretan city of Aptera is: Not only the sign FI can be found as a contremarque on a large number of slightly older ones Coins from Eleuthema, the neighboring city of Aptera [Plate No. 20, exemplary the Vienna collection — ], but also the head of the goddess on the front of Nos. 1-4 is identical with the one who is equal to a large number early copper coins from Aptera can be found, which are on the back

about some as yet undetermined Cretan coins. 33

side the inscription AFlTAPAIflN more or less complete, and as an embossed image a hoplite (Heros Apteras), or a bee, to show a torch, a dove [cf. our plate V, No. 15] and of which all collections have a large number. In This series includes, among others, some of Mionnet's city of Fanormos in Sicily or the city of Pallenses in Cepha- coins allocated to Ionia ^). No. 5 - 7 show on the front side a head, which is also complete with others Coins from the same city that are on the bridge match page the depictions of the hero Apteras and the legend AHTA or AHTAPAinN wear') [see our Plate V, No. 16J. Some others from Mionnet belong here coins allocated to the same Fanormos and Pallenses, as also the following '):

8. M. 15 mm — Head of Pallas, to the right. Ef. P), including Z.

Mionnet, Suppl. IV p. 190 No. 58 (Pallenses in Kepha- lonia. Maybe also No. 59).

However, one must be careful about one's fatherland to deceive with a collection of copper coins of the same size, polygamy seem to belong to the same city at first glance, and which caused the error of almost all coin researchers also have to assign the above coins to the city of Pallense. show.

This other beihe contains coins, almost all of which Museums have specimens that have a Christmas tree on one side. borrowed head (Demetra) pointing to the left, with an ear

1) Mionnet, Vol. I p. 2S0. No. 624 and Supplement lY p. 190 a. No. 56. Yieheicht is also the Mttnze No. 944 of the Ktnal^os rtSy aQxaitoy vofjuCfjLottay raty ytiaaty of Mr. Postolakas.

2) Compare especially the pieces in the Paris Cabinet: Inventory No. 2430 and 2430-2436; Mionnet II No. 33 and Suppl. lY pp. 57 and 58.

3) Volume I p. 280. No. 623; Snppl.-Vol. lY p. 189. No. 48. p. 196. No. 53, 57.

84 Johann N.A. Sworonos:

decorated with a wreath and the monogram P^ on the back. The place where these coins were minted is undoubtedly the city of Pallense in Eephalonia, as the comparison with the silver coins of this city, which have the same head on one side, on the other the Hero Eephalos, seated [cf. our tablet Y, No. 18 and 19]. These copper coins come from an older one time, as those of Aptera, which comes from the form of the book letters P not n and A not A of the monogram and the style, which is more beautiful and finer emerges').

Leake'), the only one who attributed a similar coin to Aptera- also allocates the following coins to this city:

9. EVER. 15mm. Wreathed female head. -R/. A, including AFET.

Even though I haven't seen a similar original, and Leake mistakenly allocated not a few coins to Crete, Let us still assume that it belongs to Aptera: the sign APET probably means den, just like the E of numbers 5-8 Beginning of the name of a magistrate: The same one comes from Knosos ArEI on the reverse of silver coins^).

ELEYTHERNA.

10. M. 11mm. Gr. 1.83. — Archaic (Apollon (?)•) head;

To the right. Rf. )i. [Plate V, No. 1].

11. M. 12mm. Gr. 1.30. - Similar.

12. M. 12mm. Gr. 1.30. — Similar.

13 sts 10mm. Gr. 0.87. - Similar.

14th st. 13 mm. Gr. 1,647. — Similar.

1) De BoBset, Essai sur les m^d. antiqnes des lies Gephalonie et d'Itaqne (1815). P. 23. No. 13. Plate I.

2) Cf. Yorzflglich d. KofoXayos etc. by Ach. Postolakas No. 943.

3) Num. HeU. Snppl. No. 153.

4) Mionnet II, Greta No. 69 n. 71 ; - Pellerin Becueil Vol. III pl. XGYIII.

about some as yet undetermined Cretan coins. 85

Coin No. 12 is classified under the undetermined Hunter's calculates'). I found No. 11 at Mr. BoUin's in Paris indeterminate coins from Crete. No. 14 is from Mr. Soutzos (Revue Num. Vol. XIV p. 181, plate VH, No. 27) Chersonesos in assigned to Crete. I received the plaster cast of No. 13 Athens by Mr. Postolakas, when Elyros supposedly arrived in Crete belonging. No. 10 is finally in the Eleu collection in Berlin. topic assigned. The fact that these pieces are Cretan is beyond that Her style and her location leave no room for doubt. But since the monogram is just as good as EAV(9la»v) as ENE\(&eQyai(oy) can mean (we don't want to read XE because we don't have an X in it can recognize, and we have also seen that the mono gram of Chersonesos %), the question arises as to which of these two Cities you want to assign them to. Mr. Postolakas wants Elyros because this coin “is found among the ruins of this city^'; but we do not hesitate to use the name of the Berlin collection here because of the head on the front and the Shapes of the letters EAEV that match exactly other contemporary silver coins from the city of Eleuthema come, while this is not the case with Elyros').

ELATUS (?)

15. EVER. 3mm. — Female head, to the right.

R/. LxfiZ In a wreath of olive branches. Mionnet, SuppL HI 502, 58.

16th -el. 15mm. Qr. 2.70. — Female head, to the right. R/. X| in a wreath. Imhoof-Blumer, Monn. Orecques

AJ p. 462 (among the indeterminate).

1) Hanter, Nam. Yet. Pop. et ürbinm, plate 67, no. IL

2) Eckhel, Nam. Yet. Anecd. Plate 14 No. 16. — B. tod Koehne, Berlin. Btttt for M.-S. and Wapp. p. 262, plate XLIT, no. 12 a. 8. w.

86 Johann N.A. Sworonos:

17. ^. 15mm. Gr. 2.56. — Female head, to the right. Rf. XI i^ a wreath. National coin cabinet from Athens

AJ [Elyros.] (Plate V, No. 11).

18. M. 15mm. Gr. - Similar. Berl. Coin box [Eresus in

Lesbos] (Plate V, No. 11. Back).

19. ever 10mm. Gr. 1.88. — Female head, to the right. Rf. 3. — National coin cabinet. of Athens [among the un- certain of Crete]. (Plate V, No. 10).

20 sts, 10mm. Gr. - Similar. Berl. Munzkab. [among the

Indefinite]. See Prokesch-Osten Inedita 1844

pl. IV 15 (Erai). (Plate V, No. 9). The style of these coins is so distinctly Cretan that I wrote to Mr. Emest a year ago Babelon in Paris, about the lesbian coins in the Berlin museum, I didn't hesitate to express to him my belief that the Coin No. 17 in the Berlin Coin Cabinet, where it is among the coins from Eresos on Lesbos, the only piece which I knew at the time was of Cretan origin. (As I see the sign

^ read, I first thought of the city of T^awo^^).) That Mionnet

No. 14 Elateia in Phocis is composed of more than one giiinde unacceptable. Imhoof-Blumer says by talking about these coins with the indefinite says: “La legende pourrait etre 'EAarw^, Mais comme this forme donne a nom peu vraisemblable, il se peut qu'il faille s^parer l'E et consid^rer Aa%&q comme le g^nitif d'un nom de ville. II and available in Lato en Crete, mais ce n'est par k eile que j'oserais attribuer ces bronzes')."

Mr. Postolakas recently shared with me numbers 16 and 18, than found on Crete. This also took the last one away from me Doubts about the Cretan origin of these coins, and the Examples of Phalasarna ^, and Olus W prevent us from doing so to read large letters separately from small ones, we therefore prefer to read EAATfl[N] and the city's coin

1) Lebas and Waddington, Voyage V, Teos S.

2) Mon. Grecqaes p. 462.

about some as yet undetermined Cretan manias. 87

Elatos in Crete, which of Plinin's in his Catalog of Cretan Cities is mentioned^).

However, this award would not be considered certain can f because it is based particularly on the assumption that the £nd-I of Mionnet's description on the original only was an N. If, on the contrary, it really had an I, then it would be more appropriate to separate the E from AATQC read, and the latter for the name of an authority like on the Coins from Aptera described above. In this case can the coin can also be awarded to Eranos, Eleutema, Elyros, like Elatos. The only thing we know for certain is that the pieces are Cretan.

ETERA.

21 sts 10mm. — Female Eopf, to the left, p. K

Rf. 4* in a dotted circle. (Millingen Sylloge, 61. = Our plate no. 22).

22. JBi 10mm. Gr. - Similar. Berl. Coin box (Among the

Indefinite). (Plate V, No. 23).

The style of these coins is Cretan, as is the execution the front yields We find heads more than once with the same expression on Cretan pieces, and one can just be amazed at the great similarity of the monogram Ton Chersonese f- with that of our coin. The form P is can also be found not only on old Cretan inscriptions, but also on the coins of Gortyna, Eleutherna, Bhaucos and Praesos. So by considering the coin to be Cretan, read we use the monogram = ETEP. . . and show the coin Cretan city of Etera, which is mentioned in the “Stadiasms”:

§ 352: “am Kafkagag dg 'Etigav üjäd$ot xc/"

§ 353: “äno rigf; ^E%iqag ini %^v KupUtv änqav fStrdd^h Ul^^

1) Nat Bist 12, 59. 3) KreU Vol. I. P. 417 ff.

gg Johann N. A. Sworonos:

This city is not known from any other source Editor of Geograph! Graeci Minores (ed. Didot) Mr. Müller determined, without any paleographical truth, probability of turning ^Etiqa into VcTr^a^V just because Istron is in was nearby. When it comes to positions that relate to Critics and editors often refer to Cretan cities very inclined to improve without further ado or more or less to be deleted arbitrarily. The study of inscriptions and coins Island has proven its mistake more than once. We remember just the example of the city of Naxos(?)^); to the examples from Tanos, which was previously considered to be consistent with Itanos'); from Pyranthos, which is considered the same as Priansos or Syrinthos became; of Fraesos identified with Priansos, etc.

1) Unedited coins from the Cretan city of Naxos. Magazine for Nnm. 1885 p. 125. By reading these two didrachms at another occasion ness compared to the coins of Axos, I have the opinion aassaid that Naxos and Axos are just the name of one and the same city would be; the mythological news and the types of coins in general made this view very likely: but at the time these were clear to me Both coins are only determined by the illustrations given by Lambros. knows. Now I have seen the originals myself: they show a lot clearly

f^/,,^ and NO;>>|AA

So it's obvious that the first letter isn't a Ny like that last is. It can very well, although it is otherwise in the Cretan alphabet, like in all others, completely unknown, only the primitive form of the created table digamma (X^=:)(^), which is A in the Phoenician alphabet (Franzius, Elementa Epigr. p. 17), V\ in Pamphylic (Friedlaender, Zeitschr. for number lY p. 297; Boehl p. 143; see also Bergk, on the history of Greek alphabet in Pamphylia, journal. for number XI p. 330). Up The younger coins from Axos itself have Digamma F and C written on them. The youngest of the series simply shows *Aii^, the later Digamma F is so similar, the distinction would probably be made at this time A and ^. have made necessary. By the way, it wouldn't be the first time It may be that we find letters in the Cretan alphabet that do not exist in any of them meet others.

2) Imhoof-Blumer, Monn. Grecques p. 220.

Zk

about some as yet undetermined Cretan coins. 89

The geography of ancient Crete is very little known; so are some cities from which we have a very rich selection of coins, in the case of writers perhaps only one times called; the existence of others is only known to us through them Inscriptions known as the cities of Erannos and Malla, or only through coins like Modaia or Modales (not Modala): the old didrachmon with the inscription M^AAinN or MfiAAAfiN, that so fortunately from Mr. von Sallet') as being of Cretan origin is recognized, rather belongs to a hitherto unknown city, as the well-known city of Matala, to which Lord of Sallet thought. Everything we know about Matala is limited to that it is a port town {inivBiov). first the city of Phaestos, then, after- the Phaestos of Gortyna was conquered, the city of Gortyna was'). But no Cretan city shaped itself as a port Own coins belonged to more powerful ones. The coins that come from Arslnoe and Chersonesos were struck as these Cities were independent and independent of Lyttos. It's true, that Matala may have minted its own coins while the occupation by one of the parties in Gortyna, which banished, in the year 220 BC. took control of the city of Matala; but the didrachm in question belongs to one much older times; Mr. von Sallet rightly claims that it belongs to the 4th century. Even if the reading MfiAAAfiN instead of MfiAAlQN were safe, it would still be very be difficult to find a dialectical form for MatalaUav hold. The letter A transforms in the Cretan dialect in T (cf. Ji^v^ T^y Tay for Zeus. Bergmann d. insc. Cret.; and Voretzsch, Hermes IV, 282. Täv also in Cret. coins, Mionnet II, 257), but as far as I know we don't have it anywhere an example that Sl is replaced by A; also has Matala of course, according to the Cretan examples MdXXa aUoy^ OaXa- Caqya, ahay^AikifkikalXa^ aUav^Antdqa^ gcUmy, Tagga, Qatwv.

1) Magazine f. Nom. 1885, p. 395.

2) Polybe (ed. Dindorf, Vol. U). 1— IV p. 55.

90 Johann N.A. Sworonos:

EXsvd'iqva, aicov Adrata^ ai

PHALASAKNA.

23 sts. 13 mm. — Dolphin, to the right. RF. ^. Berl. Coin box (Act V, No. 4).

This coin is on the ruins of Aptera, from Lord Dr. Fabricius during his recently so happy stay acquired on the trip to Crete. Their Cretan origins is therefore safe. Another copy, probably also in Crete found, is assigned to Phaestos from Prokesch-east ^) been. But this is not acceptable because the coin belongs to a period during which Phaestos no longer exists minted coins. On the contrary, she is not just nearby found by Phalasarna, but also the equation with the A copper coin from this last city (Plate Y No. 2) proves it Belonging to the sea town of Phalasarna. —

You can see from the pieces that I have published above one that the use of the type letters, which the name of the city, was spread throughout Crete.

However, its origin is not Cretan; you have to be yours The starting point is rather in the Peloponnese and the Ionian Looking for islands where we have a large number of older examples have.

We also add that in addition to those mentioned Examples have other similar ones, which are the preference of Crete for monograms prove. These pieces show next to the Emboss the name and replace it with plain writing

Ij Archaeological Newspaper 1S49, p. 95.

about some as yet undetermined Cretan coins. 91

City in monogram. So the pieces by Pyranthos with RP'); from Priansos with fP — P); the large silver coin of Augustus in Polyrbenion embossed with the head of Zeus K^aysv^g and the inscription OEOE EEBAZTOZ Eni KOPNHAIOY M, which Monogram nOA{vQfjvicov) can be read, and not AYIIOY (Cornelius Lupus) or ANOVriATOY, as has been done'). Also the following coins from Lyttos that have not yet been published: M. 15 mm. Gr. 3.58. — Boar's head, to the right. RF Adler to the right; before that J^ Paris coin box. Inv.

No. 2422 (B. 304. W). EVER. 16mm. Gr. 2.60. — boar head; about it AY. p. K RF. The same eagle; before that i^. At ßoUin in Paris. Finally*) the following coin from Lappa, contremarquirt by same city.

M. 26mm. Gr. 15.32. —Head of Poseidon to the right, with

a large round Gontremarque, which has a bull's head

from from, one of which faces upwards, the other

is wound downwards, between the characters A — 19|.

Rf. [AAnn]A[lflN] **) ; above it a trident, between which

Pronged two dolphins. — Berlin Coin Cabinet. This coin, which is important because of its Gontremarque the view of the belly ^) regarding some Cretan Coins are fully confirmed, are not publicized: they is certainly the same piece as the one in the museum Hedervar von Sestini published: It is enough to use our drawings to compare with Sestini's to remove any doubt.

1) Imhoof Blamer, Mono. Grecques, p. 220. No. 58-51. S) Imhoof, No. 47.

3) Paris Mint Cabinet: Inventory No. 2811 « Barth61emy, M6iil Aead. Vol. L, Tab. XXYI, p. 546. — ​​Sestini, Lett. e diss. num. YII, p. 25. — Kionnet I, No. 1 and Supplement lY, No. 265.

4) The copper coins with A = 'TA like Leake (Snppl. p. 163) the City of Itaooe suzaweise seems doubtful to us

5) Ygl. the coin of the Paris Mint Cabinet. Inv. No. 2724 >« Mionnet II, No. 222 and a second one from the V7ien collection.

6) Berue Num. 1860, a 180 n. s. w.

7) Lett e disc number. cont Vol. IX, p. 114, Plate III, No. 3.

H

92 Joluum N. A. Sworonos: About some specific creative influences.

It is known abrigeoB that the Hederrar collection is visible is scattered throughout all museums in Europe. In this case, we have another proof of the inacceptability of the famous Sestini in his descriptions; because he sees on the back below the trident there where absolutely none Trace Toa a type can be seen, a pan head, similar to that on the coins of Pantikapaäuml and there is no doubt about it to let that the coin belongs to Pantikap&um, he reads and He even has the inscription DANTII drawn. He has the same thing the inscription of the CoQtremarque read.

Johann N.A. Sworonos.

Kachtiag.

The latest issue of the Hittheilungen, which has just been published

E. German archaeological institutes in Athens (B. XI, Issue I,

pp. 84-88) contains an essay by Mr. Ferd. Half-lord

(Nuove monete di Azos), which we see on page 88

the Cretan silver coins published by TOD Lambros meant,

confirmed. The Cretan inscriptions, still unpublished

Azns and Elentherna, M0TMA)I3)V fixamos, AEPAA^fi^yoy

MAAV;|AA<13A and 3IMS3A, which he tells us

there can no longer be any doubt about this.

J. 8. (FortMtiiiDg follows)

93

Remarks to some by Fox, Engravings of unpublisM or rare Greek coins

shared coins.

I would like to add a few lines to these comments about my first article in this journal (Volume XIU) to send ahead.

To No. III. My explanation of the Coin of Caracalla at Eckhel U, 45; III, 266; Mionnet S. II 482, 1648 is unknown founded, because, like me from Friedlaender, repertory for the ancient world Numismatics p. 126 see, Barucchi in the Memorie dell' acca- demia di Torino, vol. 29 (1825), classe di scienze sturgeon. mor. p. 54 corrected the reading AOMIlNOnOAlC to AAPIANOnOAlC.

To No. Vb. On the coin of Philip senior of Diocae - sarea at Sestini D. N. V. p. 406 and Mionnet S. VIl p. 209 f., No. 237 notes Friedlaender, Rep. p. 300: “Heracles does not lie on a hippopotamus, but on a lion skin, like a present copy shows. The style is unusually raw, like that that explains Sestini's erroneous description.^' Mr. Director von Sallet had the kindness, I had the accuracy von Friedlaender's remark after 2 copies of the Berliner Museum to confirm.

What I know about the rarity of the depiction of the on the Dionysus encamped in a lion can be explained by the “Bacchus (?) assis sur un lion marchant vers la droite^^ a coin of Decius of Caesarea Palaestinae in de Saulcy, Num. de la T. S. p. 132—133 No. 1 does not receive any restrictions because Mionnet V

Z«itMlirift for Nominiutics. XIV. 7

94: W. Drexler:

p. 493 No. 37 the same type as “Bacchus couch^ sur une panthöre, allant de gauche k droits" denotes nnd da for o£Een- bar the same figure on coins of Philippus senior neither Mionnet S. Vin p. 340 No. 30 nor de Saulcy p. 132 Nos. 1. 2 dare to use a certain name. Compare also those that fluctuate Names for the figures of a red jasper C. I. Gr. 7198 == Gavedoni, Bull, Napol. 1857 p. 110, but riding are shown.

To No. YIIL That on coins from Nysa (Mionnet ni p. 366 No. 371, Eckhel D. N. V. II p. 588) and Pergamum a child balancing on an outstretched foot Gavedoni already has a satyr with little Dionysus, Spie. num. p. 144-145, note 145; p. 190, grade 180 seen. To No. Xin. That the Mionnet p. VII p. 643 No. 59 The coin described under Pessinus is incorrectly attributed, also notes Friedlaender, Rep. p. 326: “The paste shows nonilAlA EEBAZTH Head of Poppaea r. Rf. lotus flower and two ears of corn, on the side HE, the whole thing in Eranz.'^

To. No. XYI. The figures I pointed to Demeter of coins cat. of the gr. c. in the Br. Mus. Thrace p. 172, No. 8, Eckhel Cat. Mus. Caes. Vind. I p. 62 No. 21 = Mionnet Suppl. n p. 491 No. 1701; Eckhel 1st c. No. 20 =^ Mionnet S. II p. 495 No. 1723 by Serdica are also by Imhoof-Blumer, Vienna Num. Ztschr. XYI 1884 p. 233 so named. There will p. 232 No. 4 a new example of Demeter with the torch entwined with snakes, a coin of Septimius Severus from Pautalia, communicated:

"^. 32m. AVTA-Cenri. — CeVHPOC neP. Head of Sep- Timius Severus, with laurel wreath, facing right. Rf. OVAniAC—HAVTAAIAC. Demeter in the double chiton and the peplos pulled over the head, standing to the left, in the r. Hand holding a poppy head between two ears of corn holding over a filled modius and the left one up a torch supported, around the lower half of which is a Snake curls. M.S."

Notes on some coins communicated by Fox. 95

You might want to take a look at the examples I gave at Be- Pronunciation of the coin of Serdica for the view of Demeter taught as a healing goddess, to gain the appearance as if I'm not here because of the torch Demeter surrounded by snakes. wanted to see the thing portrayed as a healing deity. Now I have to express my opinion that Demeter may, however, What should be considered as a health donor here is that but the ambiguous attribute of the snake is not necessary this declaration requires. With a torch wrapped around a snake Demeter also appears at two altar-like on the occasion of the Taurus bolien consecrated pedestals from the area of Chalandri in National Museum of Athens, Milchhöfer, The Museums of Athens p. 28 ; Arch. Z. 1863 p. 73-81, pl. 176-177; 1864 p. 132-133. Yes This cannot determine me, Gerhardts, Ges. Abh. II p. 398 Note 170 to sign the view expressed: “[it] seems this Serpent symbol, where it appears as an XJm turn of the torch, to be based more on the interference of Phrygian mysticism.*'

It is not uncommon for coins surrounded by snakes to appear Torches, without the Demeter, as a symbol of the same, by often surrounding an altar or a basket with ears of wheat, cfr. Rasche, Lexicon V, 1 p. 488. This type is probably the most common of two planted torches entwined with a snake, which enclose an altar on the right and left, on coins from Cyzicus, I'm just quoting Müller-Wieseler, Denkm. d. a. C.II' TatIX No. 102 p. 65-66. Also from Elaea Aeolidis Mionnet III p. 18 No. 103, Aezanis Mionnet IV p. 214 No. 121, Byzantium Mionnet Suppl. 11 p. 258 No. In 322 he was transported to Vaillant. draws. But since the official name Au on the latter coin relius Sostratus and this is also in Cyzicus Mionnet U p. 551 No. 241 takes place, although a little later than on the one below Coin struck by Caracalla, supposedly belonging to Byzantium, under Gallienus, it is not impossible that the type under Byzantium is to be deleted. Sometimes the presentation also likes it refer to other deities, so when they refer to

Coins from the city of Per-

7*

96 W. Drexler:

gamoD, Mionnet n p. 599 No. If she finds 567, she probably likes this one concern God. A basket of ears of wheat between two snakes winding torches appear on coins of Alexandria Ae- gypti under Livia, Zoega Plate I No. 9 p. 9-10 Nos. 1 ; Mionnet VI 50.47; Feuardent, Egypte anc. n p. 16 No. 574; Hadrian Mionnet Snppl. IX p. 65 No. 235; p. 66 No. 236; Antonina's pins Mionnet Suppl. IX p. 78 No. 304.

This time's comments concern some coins G. R. Fox, Engravings of unpublished or rare Greek coins.

I

Part I p. 18.62. Perinthus. Obv. Heads of Jupiter and Juno to r.

RJ. nEPINOLfiN Anubis with Palm Custom, Walking to r. In Field, Monogram and two Half Horses joined, looking different ways. iE. 5.

Friedlaender, Rep. p. 1 24 sift in the heads of the front side that of Sarapis and Isis. The illustration seems to be especially on the head of the laurel-crowned male god to indicate faint traces of Egyptian headdress, which also motivated me, independent of Friedlaender, here Sarapis to recognize. Against naming the female head as that of Isis would be the great one, usually belonging to Hera Don't talk too much about the diadem, since the Isis type of the Greeks Chinese art to talk to Heibig, Examiner, about the camp. wall painting, Leipzig 1873 p. 8 to speak “from elements of hera- and Aphroditeideales worked together'^

The type is also used by Musellius Nummi Pop. etc. Tb. XIV fig. 10 M. C, according to which Gessner, N. Pop. et Urb. p. 310 and Rasche III, 2 p. 915 No. 21 and, after an exem- plar in Paris, by Sestini, Latvia. e Diss. num. Tom. IX p. 77 and Mionnet I p. 401 No. 253 M. 6 recorded, and both the The last two mentioned, as well as Rasche, explain the heads of the Front for those of Sarapis and Isis.

Meanwhile, after a kind communication from Mr. Pro-

Notes on some of the monies shared by Fox. 97

Professor of Sallet it is very uncertain whether it is in the original The present Fox coin depicts the head of the male deity Equipped with an Egyptian attribute shows and whether we here Sarapis and Isis can recognize instead of Zeus and Hera, also here are the heads of the former on those to be mentioned soon Coins with other reverse depictions are quite different, also with regard to the headdress, of those in question appeared.

Accordingly, the naming of the heads of the Yordei side may be appreciated rely on themselves, in any case the back speaks for them Cultivation of the Egyptian cult in Perinth. And numerous others Coins confirm that this city was a headquarters of the Ver- honoring the deities of the Nile country ^). Except those Coins from Poppaea Sabina with the Isis head decoration and the Inscription HE in the lapel, from important authorities, but not generally assigned to Perinth, as well as that recorded type, the following representations can be given:

In the obverse heads of Sarapis and Isis, cheek on Cheek, in lapel:

a) Goat: Mus. Pembroke 11 Tb. 24 fig, 9 iU. III, from it in Rasche HI, 2 p. 915 No. 20, Eckhel D. N. V. II p. 39, Mionnet SuppL 11 p. 397 No. 1195, LeakeN. H, European Gr. p. 87 = Cat. Pembroke No. 618.

b) Apis: Mus. Hunter Tb. 42, fig. 14 p. 230, after which at Rapid HI, 2 p. 915 No. 22 M.H; Mionnet I p. 400 No. 251, M 5, quoted by Overbeck, Zeus p. 318, k; J. de Witte, Gat« Greppo p. 50 no. 372 EACH. 5; Sestini, Mus. Hed. I p. 65 No. 3. iE. n — Wiczay I p. 93 No. 2408 iU. HI; Sestini 1. 1. No. 4 JS. n p. = Wiczay I p. 93 No. 2409 iU. II, or probably Sestini 3 = Wiczay 2409, Sestini 4 = Wiczay 2408.

c) Harpocrates: T. Gombe, Mus. Brit. p. 91 No. 1. ^. E Tb. IV fig. 17 = Cat. of the gr. c. in the Br. Mus. Tauric

1) Cf. Aristarchis, 'O h KtayaravnyovnoXit 'EXhjyutog ftXoXoytxog

98 W. Drezler:

Chers. etc. p. 147 No. 3. iE • 8 ; Mionnet I p. 400 No. 252 je. 5 = Sestini Latvian IX p. 77 M. in (Paris), the Harduin Op. Be. p. 138 quoted; Ms. Lenormant, Gab. Behr p. 17 No. 98 EVER. 4, according to which Bontkowski, Dict. num. p. 1640.

Another group of autonomous coins rides in the Obv. that Head of Sarapis alone, in the back the Harpocrates: Sestini D. N.V. p. 59-60 No. 1 JB. n (Mus. Cousinery); Ramus I p. 109 No. 2 -ZE. II; Mus. Hunter Tb. 42 fig. 16 p. 231, after which at Rapid HI, 2 p. 914 No. 16 iU. n as well as at Mionnet S. H p. 397 No. 1160, again Overbeck, Zeus p. 318, k quoted, and in Panofka, Y. d. infl. d. God. on d. Place names 2nd Th. p. 26, plate n no. 15, p. 17; Mus. Arigoni, Urb. Gr. Table 17 fig. 167, according to which Rasche IH, 2 p. 914 No. 14 JB. II, » Sestini, Cat. N.Y. Mus. Arigoniani cast. p. 17; Mus. Theupoli p. 1288 iU. m, after which at Rasche IH, 2 p. 914 No. 5 and Gessner, Num. Pop. etc. p. 310.

Caracalla appears very often on bronze medallions Sarapis standing, stretching out the R., in the L. a lance, to At the feet of an altar: Mionnet I p. 408 No. 301 M. 12; Num. mod. max. ex Gim. Ludovici XI Y Tb. 21 No. 11, after which at Gessner, Impp. Tb. 143 fg. 17 and in Rasche HI, 2 p. 931 No. 36, III, 2 p. 930-931 No. 33 the type from Eckhel Cat. Mus. Caes. Yind. I p. 75 No. 17, Mus. Albani I Tab. 53 fig. 2 p. 107, Harduin Op. Be. p. 136, Vaillant N. Gr. p. 108 D. Foucault, Yaillant Sei. Num. de Camps p. 69 fig. 8, Gusseme Y p. 388 recorded; Tristan Comm. are. Up p. 188 No. 21; van Dale, Dissertationes IX antiquitatibus quin et marmoribus illustran- dis inservientes. Amstelodami 1702. 4^, plate on p. 337; Mus. Theupoli p. 798. 979 (Rasche HI, 2 p. 931 No. 38); Sestini, Mus. Hed. I p. 66 No. 17 = Wiczay I p. 93 No. 2416; Cat. Puzzles dorff, Berlin 1839, p. 65 No. 301 ; Cat. De Moustier p. 146 No. 2288; Cat. Campana, London 1846, p. 93-94 Nos. 759 out Gave. Gabelentz ; Cat. of the gr. c. in the Br. Mus. Tauric Chers. etc. p. 152 No. 38^. 1. 55.

The one by Yaillant N. Gr. p. 86 from the Thes. Reg., and

Notes on some coins provided by Fox. 99

after him from Mionnet Suppl. II p. 409 No. 1231 and Rasche III, 2 p. 922 f. No. 7 recorded coin of Septimius Severus This type will actually belong to Garacalla, like This is certainly the case with Rasche's under the same Number from Gessner, Impp. Tb. 135 fig. 7 pieces listed of the Pfau Cabinet, whose transcription is AYT. K • M . AYP • CeOYHP- ANTQNINOC clearly points to the latter ruler.

We still see the same depiction on some medallions of Sererus Alexander: Mionnet I p. 411 No. 320. J3. 12; Yaillant, Selectiora numismata in aere maximi moduli e museo ill. D. Francisci de Camps. Paris 1694. 4'' p. 79-80 Nos. 3, according to which Gessner, Impp. Tb. 163 fig. 14, rapid IQ, 2 p. 937—38 No. 3 and Mionnet, Suppl. II p. 430 No. 1348; Yaillant, N. Gr. p. 139, Magni Ducis, according to which Rasche ni, 2 p. 939 No. 16 and in Mionnet, Suppl. 11, p. 431 No. 1353, the same piece in Gori, Mus. Flor. num. max. mod. II Tb. 66, 2, where in the text m p. 97-98 the figure was mistakenly called Aesculapius is called.

Some medallions of Garacalla show the Sarapis in its entirety similar to those just mentioned, but give it the R. one as a “deux cestes** or as a “basket suspended by a cord^ designated subject: Mionnet I p. 408 No. 302. M. 13; Hash m, 2 p. 231 No. 34. M. I to Yenuti, Ant. num. max. mod. — ex museo card. AI. Albani in Yaticanam biblio- thecam translated. Romae 1739 fol. p. 108 p. 53 fig. 3; Cat. de la coli. Sabatier, St. Poettersbourg 1852 p. 11 No. 23MM; Cat. of the gr. c in the Br. Mus. Taur. Chers. etc. p. 153 No. 39. JBie.

Standing, in the L. the lance, in the B. a wreath against- We see Concordia sacrificing on an altar God on medallions of Gordianus Pius: Mionnet I p. 413 No. 331M, 11; Mionnet No. 332 sts. 12 <^; Buonarroti, Oss. is p. 271-274, tab. XIY fig. 6 = Monterchi, Scelta de me- daglionipiü rari nella bibl. your em. —Card. Carpegna, Roma 1679. *• p. 43-46, «Yaillant, N. Gr. p. 155 M.M. Card. Carp.

98 W. Drezler:

Chers. etc. p. 147 No. 3. jeE • 8 ; Mionnet I p. 400 No. 252 je. 5 = Sestini Latvian IX p. 77 iU. m (Paris), the Harduin Op. SeL p. 138 quoted; Ms. Lenonnant, Gab. Behr p. 17 No. 98 EVER. 4, according to which Boatkowski, Dict. num. p. 1640.

Another group of autonomous coins leads in Obv. that Head of Sarapis alone, in the back the Harpocrates: Sestini D. N.V. p. 59-60 Nos. 1 EACH. II (Mus. Cousinery); Ramus I p. 109 No. 2 -ZE. H; Mus. Hunter Tb. 42 fig. 16 p. 231, after which at Rapid HI, 2 p. 914 No. 16 iU. n as well as Mionnet S. n p. 397 No. 1160, again Overbeck, Zeus p. 318, k quoted, and in Panofka, V. d. infl. d. God. on d. Place names 2nd Th. p. 26, plate H No. 15, p. 17; Mus. Arigoni, Urb. Gr. Table 17 fig. 167, according to which Rasche IH, 2 p. 914 No. 14 JB. 11, = Sestini, Gat. N.V. Mus. Arigoniani cast. p. 17; Mus. Thenpoli p. 1288 M IH, after which Rasche IH, 2 p. 914 No. 5 and Gessner, Num. Pop. etc. p. 310.

Caracalla appears very often on bronze medallions Sarapis standing, stretching out the R., in the L. a lance, to At the feet of an altar: Mionnet I p. 408 No. 301 M. 12; Num, mod. max. ex Cim, Ludovici XIV Tb. 21 No. 11, after which at Gessner, Impp. Tb. 143 fg. 17 and in Rasche HI, 2 p, 931 No. 36, the IH, 2 p. 930-931 No. 33 the type from Eckhel Cat. Mus. Caes. Vind. I p. 75 No. 17, Mus. Albani I Tab. 53 fig. 2 p. 107, Harduin Op. Be. p. 136, Vaillant N. Gr. p, 108 D. Foucault, Vaillant Sei. Num. de Camps p. 69 fig. 8, Gusseme Vp. 388 recorded; Tristan Comm. are. H p. 188 No. 21; van Dale, Dissertationes IX antiquitatibus quin et marmoribus ülostran- dis insertions. Amstelodami 1702. 4^, plate on p. 337; Mus. Theupoli p. 798. 979 (Rasche HI, 2 p. 931 No. 38); Sestini, Mus. Hed. I p. 66 No. 17 = Wiczay I p. 93 No. 2416; Cat. EnobeLsh dorff, Berlin 1839, p. 65 No. 301 ; Cat. De Moustier p. 146 No. 2288; Cat. Campana, London 1846, p. 93-94 Nos. 759 ans Cab. Gabelentz; Cat. of the gr. c. in the Br. Mus. Tauric Chers. etc. p. 152 No. 38^. 1 • 55.

The Vaillant N. Gr. p. 86 from the Thes. Reg., and

Notes on some coins provided by Fox. 99

after him by Mionnet SuppL II p. 409 No. 1231 and Rasche III, 2 p. 922 f. No. 7 recorded coin of Septimius Severus This type will actually belong to Caracalla, like This is certainly the case with Rasche's under the same Number from Gessner, Impp. Tb. 135 fig. 7 pieces listed of the Pfau Cabinet, whose transcription is AYT • K • M . AYP • CeOYHP. ANTfiNINOC clearly points to the latter ruler.

We still see the same depiction on some medallions by Severus Alexander: Mionnet I p. 411 No. 320. M. 12; Vaillant, Selectiora numismata in aere maximi moduli e museo ill. D. Francisci de Camps. Paris 1694. 4^ p. 79-80 Nos. 3, according to which Gessner, Impp. Tb. 163 fig. 14, Rasche III, 2 p. 937—38 No. 3 and Mionnet, Suppl. II p. 430 No. 1348; Vaillant, N. Gr. p. 139, Magni Ducis, according to which Rasche ni, 2 p. 939 No. 16 and in Mionnet, Suppl. II, p. 431 No. 1353, the same piece in Gori, Mus. Flor. num. max. mod. II Tb. 66, 2, where in the text III p. 97-98 the figure was mistakenly called Aesculapius is called.

Some of Caracalla's medallions show the Sarapis in its entirety similar to those just mentioned, but give it the R. one as a “deux cestes^ or as a “basket suspended by a cord^ designated subject: Mionnet I p. 408 No. 302. iB. 13; Rasche III, 2 p. 231 No. 34. ^. I to Yenuti, Ant. num. max. mod. — ex museo card. AI. Albani in Vaticanam biblio- thecam translated. Romae 1739 fol. p. 108 p. 53 fig. 3; Gat. de la coli. Sabatier, St. Patersbourg 1852 p. 11 No. 23M M; Gat. of the gr. c. in the Br. Mus. Taur. Chers. etc. p. 153 No. 39. ^.16.

Standing, in the L. the lance, in the B. a wreath against- We see Concordia sacrificing on an altar God on medallions of Gordianus Pius: Mionnet I p. 413 No. 331 M. 11; Mionnet No. 332 iU. 12«^; Buonarroti, Oss. is. p. 271-274, tab. XIV fig. 6 == Monterchi, Scelta de me- daglioni piü rari nella bibl. your em. —Card. Carpegna, Roma 1679. 4' p. 43-46, = Vaillant, N. Gr. p. 155 M.M. Card. Carp.

100 W. Drexler:

According to Buonarroti at Rasche m, 2 p. 943 No. 16, to Vaillant at Hasche p. 941 No. 2.

The emperor is depicted on medallions of Severn Alexander placed on a ship, behind him Sarapis gave him a wreath setting out, stretching out a sail on the Yordertheil Isis Pelagia, a safe bet on the emperor's passage to Asia to the Persian war-related type: Mus. Theupoli p. 803 and 1029, M. max., after which in Basche III, 2 p. 939 No. 15; Mionnet I p. 412, no. 321 M. 12. We probably have the same type in Mazzoleni, Nu- mismata aerea selectiora maximi moduli e museo Pisano Tb. XLIX No. 4 p. 141 to recognize, but where instead of Sarapis Pallas stands behind the emperor, i.e. R. uplifting, in d. L. Shield and Rudder, and instead of the inscription nEPINOUZN AlC NEfiKOPfiN the first mentioned copies only. . M. H. . . . N can be seen

A previously unknown type of Perinth, Isis before e. burning altar 1st h. standing, d. Sistrum in d. r. hand, i.e. L on d. Scepter supported, FIEPINOLfiN right. Obv. head of Claudius with laurel wreath, r. h. T|. KAAYAIOE KAIEAP EEBAZTOZ TEPMANICOE. M. 26 m. Museo ci?ico in Venice is by Imhoof- Blumer, Vienna. Num. Ztschr. XVI 1884, p. 233 No. 5 shared.

Isis is wrongly called Isis, but only in question a long-robed goddess on a ship's forepart in A Cat. of the gr. c. in the Br. Mus. Taur. Chers. etc. p. 148 No. 14 on a coin of Nero:

NEPßN KAICAP CEBACTOC. Head of Nero r., laur.

OlflN I^i^ßity (Isis?) wearing modius, clad in long peplos and chiton, standing r. in prov. r. ^ • 1. Gardner, Num. Chr. 1882 p. 279, PL V, 14, Sestini, Lett. IV p. 94 No. 2 and after him Mionnet Suppl. n p. 399 No. 1177 They correctly see Hera Samia in the image of the god, which confirms this is represented by Octavia coins of the same type and the Inscription HPA nEPINGIßN at Fox, Suppl. plate No. 15, after which in Overbeck, Hera p. 15—16, coin panel I No. 10 and Gardner L c. P1.V No. 15; as well as in Postolakas, KavaL tAy A^. yo-

Remarks on some of the manners communicated to Fox. IQl

p. 143 No. 1001 M. 7. PL E' (on the latter ex. without that ShipsYordertheil).

Proper names occur several times in Perinth, which come from the Names of Egyptian deities are derived, according to a &aUiq Jiovv^iov JIsQky&ta C. I. Gr. 3338 ; a MdQxog "Qqov A. Du- mont, inscr. et mon. fig. de la Thrace. Paris 1877 No. 72c. p. 38; a 116th AiJUog ^Aqno%qa%'mv in an inscription that gives us a company of Alexandrian merchants in Perinth (^Als- llay6Q€tg ol nQayfuctevoikeyot iv IlsQiyd^) to know teaches C. I. Gr. 2024 =- Dumont 1st c. p. 43 No. 74f., cfr. Welcker, Rh. Mus. N.F. VI 1848, p. 397, Brunn, Gesch. d. gr. Artist 11 p. 313, Friedlander, moral history. Borns 11' p. 66, Mommsen, Rome. business V p. 577, Note 3, 'O iy KwnftaruyavnoXn 'Ellijyntdg ^^JicXoytMog (tvXloyog I p. 287.

n.

Part n p. 13 No. 76. Heraclea Joniae. Head of Serapis RF HPAKA6&TQN. Isis, front wing, crescent on her

Shoulders and sistrum in her right. EVER. 4.

The illustration also shows that the head of Sarapis wearing the laurel wreath and Isis in the hanging L. an object, at least the 'Situla h<.

The same type can probably be found in J. de Witte, Cat.

Greppo p. 128 No. 954: T6te de Sörapis, coittie du modius, & dr.

RF HPA . . . QTQN. Isis debout, toumte & g., tenant un

Siftre et a vase d*eau lustrale. EVER. 4.

and in Boutkowski, Dict. num. I p. 1039 No. 1950 (under He-

raclea salbace): T£te de S&rapis, coifföe du modius, & dr.

Rf. HPAKAeQTQN. Isis debout, toum^e k g., tenant un

Sistre et un vase d'eau lustrale. M. 4. Cat H. Borrell

de Smyme, London 1852 p. 27 No. 228 (2 p. diff.).

The type is interesting because it is a testimony to the

abandonment of Isis as moon goddess. That this display

L

102 W. Drexler:

fassong was not originally Egyptian, but that the ^ Greeks and, following them, the modern ones, such as B. still at- nish, The äg. Monuments in Miramar p. 164~-165, the cow hömer with the discus of the Egyptian statues of Isis and Hathor mistakenly pointed to the horns of the moon and the moon's disk, has now been pronounced several times, for example by Pierret, Dict. d'arch. Egypt p. 280 s.v. Isis, Lafaye, Hist. you culte des di- vinit6s d*Alexandrie p. 254-255; Ed. Meyer, business d. Antiquity I p. 67, § 56; According to the latter, Isis is originally the goddess of the sky, who as such later becomes the sun goddess.

But for the view of the Greeks and Bohemians, Isis as a moon goddess can be compared among others Jablonski Pantheon Aeg. Lib. HI cap. 1; Georgii in Pauly*s Real Encycl. IV p. 281-282, 297-298. In an epigram Cyzicus invokes Isis: oxovad ts x^ctt^ (fel^yfjv afAq>t»vQ- tov "^M, Perrot, Revue arch. 1876, XXXH p. 270-272, Kaibel, Epigr. Gr. No. 874a, p. 533; J. H. Mordtmann, Mith. d. D Arch. Inst, in Athens VI 1881 p. 54. In the Claudii de luna titled poem in Biese fasc. II p. 178 No. 723, Meyer I p. 196 No. 556, Burmann V, 15, tom. H p. 307, Main, Ber. ex. d. Verh. d. Royal Sachs. Ges. d. W. 1850 p. It says 15 vs, 8 — 9 from Luna:

Tu sistro renovans brumam, tu cymbala quassas

Isis Luna Choris Coelestis Juno Cybebe.

But above all, the monuments must be brought in. So he- appears Isis with the crescent on the shoulder, sistrum in the R., situla in the L. except on the coin of Heraclea too on the reverse of those from Hyrgalea: Sestini Mus. Hed. U p. 347 No. 1 Tb. XXVI fig. 12, M. IH. Ex mus. Reg. Bar variae =» Mionnet IV p. 308 No. 651 M. 4, Gab. de M. Cousi nery; de Dominicis, Bep. num. II p. 261; and themisonium: Leake N.H. As. Gr. p. 134 M. 3)^, probably also Cat. Ivanofi p. 72 No. 606, where “Isis” is only briefly recorded: Vaillant N. Gr. p. 101. M. HI, D. Rinaldi, ill. append. old. tb. v No. 1, where of course nothing of the crescent moon can be seen; after

Notes on some of the coins communicated to Ton Fox. 103

Vaillant in Mionnet IV p. 371 No. 1001 and at BascheV, 1 p. 1029 No. 5. In the obverse these coins have the head of Sarapis. Isis wears the crescent moon on a coin on her head of the Antoninus Pin of Argos at Leake, N. H. European Greece p. 14:

ANTUNINOC • 6YCeBHC. Head of Antoninus to r. Rf. APreifiN. Isis? adv., looking to L, on head, crescent;

in rigfat hand sistrum; in left, garland. iE!, i.% By Zoega p. 308, Gallienus No. 91; Zoega p. 317 Claudius H No. 10, Eckhel Oat Mus. Gaes. Vind. I p. 278 Claudius II No. 1 A female head with a crescent moon in front of it is shown on Alexandria Niche Potin coins of the mentioned emperors as that of Isis given, while Mionnet VI p. 468 No. 3412, Feuardent, £g. anc n p. 254 No. 3192, v. Sallet, Vienna Numerical Period. H 1870 plate in, 4 p. 47, the latter on a piece of the Zenobia, to describe it more correctly as that of Luna or Artemis.

An Alexandrian bronze coin of Antoninus Pius writes, as does Zoega, p. 207 No. 405, also Mionnet VI p. 276 No. 1900 after Pedrusi, Museo Famese Tom. YH p. 99 No. 5, Tay. X:

Also, with L*KA. Aigle, read everything ^ploy^es; au dessus,

Harpocrate deboat entre les t^tes affrontöes de S^rapis

et dlsis; derri^e Tune est le Soleil et derriöre Tautre

la Lune. M.9.

On the reverse of coins of Antiochus VH Energetes

can be seen from Mionnet V p. 75 f. No. 654 ff.; 8. YHI p. 57

No. 289: “Lotus sur un croissant'S i.e. the head of the

Isis in conjunction with a crescent moon.

On a heliotrope near Gori, Thes. Gem. astrif. I, Tb. XX, n p. 65-67 you can see them looking at each other Heads of Isis and Sarapis, above a crescent moon and star (sun); under the head of Sarapis an egg-shaped counter- stood, called globe in the text, under which Isis was still a Crescent. Cf. Baspe p. 118 No. 1449. On a gem at Rasp p. 118 No. 1147:

104 W. Drezler:

TStes oppos^es de S^rapis et Isis, avec ane lune au front. Entre deox un aigle, PI. XXIV.

On a carnelian from Mnseo Borgiano: Doc. ined* p. s. a. st. d. musei dltalia vol. UI p. 476, m cl. IX div. No. 31: [Diana Efesia], sopra il vertice una torre con tre acroterj. Alla sua d. due teste di profilo collocate Tona sopra Taltra; Alla sua s. due altre, tutte voltate verso la dea. Source a mano d. sono Serapide col modio, e Luna con una luna falcata al coUo; quelle a mano s. Sol radiato ed Iside calamistrata, sotto il cui coUo in piccola distance si vede una luna falcata. cfr. in cl. I various No. 13 p. 424-425, where it is doubtful whether the per- son of Isis.

Of the lamps, a clay lamp is particularly interesting Lovatti collection with the busts of Isis and Sarapis, from The one has the crescent behind the shoulders, the one has that Modius surrounded by 12 rays shows; among the characters says AAEEIKAKOI Henzen, Bull, dell' Inst. 1862 p. 35; Arch. No. 1862 p. 289*; Lafaye p. 303 No. 128.

Others at Passeri, Luc. fict. I tb. 2, cf. Lafaye p. 302 No. 125; A. Mau, Arch. Ztg. 1877 p. 87a, grade 10; Bull, della comm. arch. municipale lY 1876 p. 228.

.Ameth, The Ant. Gold and SUbermonuments of the k. k. Coin and Antique Cabinet Vienna 1850. Silver monuments, plate S. I No. 47: Serapis and Isis as sun and moon deities, busts of a vessel handle, Arch. No. 1851 p. 67.

Heads and busts of Isis with the crescent on the Forehead, which is usually accompanied by other adornments, net La&ye p. 274 No. 35; p. 275 No. 39; p. 276 No. 43; p. 287 No. 84; cf. R. Eekul6, D. akad. Bonn Art Museum 1872 p. 101 No. 404; Gibert, Le Mus6e d'Aix. 1*'* lot p. 1882 p. 471 No. 1539 (terracotta bust).

Bronze and silver statuettes of the often depicted as Isis-Tyche depicted goddess with crescent moon and other jewelry can be found described, among other things, in Fiorelli, Hist. ans. Pomp. vol. n p. 468;

Bemeringen in some museums communicated by Fox. 105

p. 574; Gat. des objets d'art d^pendant de la succession Ales- sandro castellani. Korne 1884 p. 45 No. 270; Masei Franciani Descriptio, Pars II p. 18 No. 146; Friederichs, Berlins ant. Images II p. 424 No. 1980 ff.; J. de Witte, Gat. Greppo p. 248 No. 181.

Pistolesi, R. Mus. Borbonico. Descr. di Pompei vol. n Borna 1840 p. 87-88; Gerhard and Panofka, Naples Ant. BUdw. p. 440.

Wall painting by Heibig, D. Wall painting. the camp. Cities p. 25-26 Nos. 78 (Isis Tyche) ; p. 26 No. 79.

A relief in Lafaye p. 299 No. 115.

At the 1719 behind the tribune of S. Maria sopra Mi- nerva excavated in Born can be found after 0. Jahn, Her- mes m 1869, p. 332 under the inscription (G. I. L. VI, 344) isioI'SACiL one decorated with a moon and ears of corn Cista shown. Also on a cista of a Pompeian The crescent moon can be seen in the mural, Heibig p. 4 No. 4. At the command of Isis, iSIDIS • INPERIO by Q^LVTATIVS IVCVNDVS set, extremely rich in symbols. permitted era of Pola G. I. L. V, 10; E. Maionica, Arch. Epigr. Mith. from Austria 1 1877 p. 45 the crescent is not missing

An inscription from Nemausus at Herzog p. 43 No. 207 is consecrated Lnnae et Isidi Aug(u8tae) ; cf. the inscription from Tolosa Henzen 5856.

HL

Fox n No. 145, p. 26. Dionysopolis Phrygiae. Head of Jupiter CSanopus to r.

Rf. AlONYCOnOAeiTQN. Mercury vnth the caduceus in his left band and bag in the right. Et. 4.

It teaches that instead of Ganopus it should be called Sarapis a look at the illustration. By the way, the type is long known. From La Mortraye, Voyage Tom. H, tb. He finds 7

106 W. Drezler;

contact Gessner N. Pop. et Urb. Tb. XVni, 27, page 253, Rasche Suppl. n p. 574, Eckhel, D. N. V. II p. 14, who him, following the editor, although under Dionysopolis Moesiae draws, but leaves it undecided whether he goes here or to Phrygia belongs, Mionnet I p. 355 No. 15 M. 5, which equals him- if the European city assigns. Leake N does the same. H. Suppl. p. 124. M. 4. Sarapis certainly comes on many Coins from Moesian Dionysopolis, but there are exactly those Types of the coin listed above, even in the same size, recur in the Phrygian Themisonium: Mionnet IV p. 370 No. 999 M. V^\ Eckhel, D. N. V. IE p. 174-175 according to Panel and Pellerin, Rec. II, PI. XLIV No. 40, p. 37; Quick Y, 1 p. 1028 No. 2 according to Com. de Bentinck, Suppl. p. 182-183; Barthelemy, Manuel p. 267; de Dominicis II p. 268, the allocation is probably based on the Phrygian Dionysopolis be preferable, as Friedlaender, Rep. p. 319 the Fox's allocation has been retained.

Also appears on a coin from Hermopolis Lydiae this type: Cat. Thorvaldsen p. 219 No. 1655. M. 4.

Now let's ask whether the types of the front and back are related to each other, then this question is probably to answer in the affirmative, as there is also a positive response in other ways. position of Sarapis and Hermes can be demonstrated.

This appears on an Alexandrian coin of Trajan with the date LIB Hermes with caduceus and palm branch standing next to the enthroned Sarapis: Neumann, Pop. et reg. numi vet. ined. H, Tb. III No. 12, p. 102 f. M. I (with incorrect explanation), according to which Eckhel D. N. V. IV p. 29-30, Zoega, p. 69, Traianus No. 75, Mionnet VI p. 115 No. 612.

Similar, but without the caduceus, only with the palm branch, he finds himself standing next to the seated Sarapis an Alexandrian coin of Hadrian with the date L ENNEAKA: Thesaurus Numismatum and Musaeo Caroli Patini 1672. 4' p. 164 iB. I, according to which Zoega p. 149 No. 423 and at Mionnet VI p. 190 No. 1251.

Notes on some of the comments communicated by Fox. 107

On a coin belonging to Marcus Aurelius of Alexandria net Zoega p. 223 No. 128:

L Ic. Serpens cum capite Serapidis arrectos inter spicam et cadncenm. M.U.M. Bracc, on one of the L. Yerus Mionnet VI p. 322 No. 2234:

Lr. Serpent ä tete de S^rapis (Agothodaemon) dress6 entre an caduc^e et an ^pervier pos6 sur le haut d'nn sceptre. M.6.

Aof one of the Tranquillina Zoega p. 287 No. 1:

LB Caput Serapidis: e regione cadaceus et lauri ramus. Harduin ex Chamillart. M.n.,

if there isn't that bearded bust with the modius here means that, which often appears on Alexandrian imperial coins, can be described as more like a home.

A red jasper in Descriptio Musei Franciani Pars I p. 249 No. 787 shows Sarapis enthroned on a ship in In the middle of the standing Isis and the also standing Hermes. On a heliotrope that was in use in the last century Andrea Baroncini's headquarters can be seen on one side Hermes with drawn dagger in the L., the R. lowered a ram walking beside him; 1. from his head the sun stem, r. the crescent moon; on the other the display font eicz

evcc

APA

never Gori, Thes. G. astrif. I.PI. LXXXVH p. 126-127.

Aof an inscription stone from Eburacum C. I. L. VU, 240 are located on both sides of the inscription DEO - SANCTO | SERAPI I TENIPLVM. A SO | LO - FECIT | CL • HIERON Y | MIANVS • LEG |LEG-VI*VIC je “cadncei duo, pelta lunata, astrum^

An inscription from Bom C. 1. L. YI 707 reads SOL-SE- RAPI • lOVI I UBERO • PATRI | ET • MERCVRIO | ET • SILVAN • SACR I C • CORNEU • HO • N | O • RATVS • D • D • D | BER • NA • BT • AN I TH VS • nu es | D • VALERI • NEO | PHITVS. ii ii ccc C.

There is a bas-relief by Oranit in the British Museum

108 W. Drezler:

from one given to Sarapis by Ptolemy III Euergetes Nopus temple dedicated to Hermes with Cadnceus and Lyra, E. Braun, Bull, dell' Inst. 1849 p. 154-156; Arch. time. 1850 p. 53 f.; p. 138.

Both deities had many points of contact, although of course from an actual relative There can be no question of anything between Sarapis and Hermes.

Hermes is a blessing-giving god, the giver of all good things (Müller, Hdb. d. Arch. d. E. 3rd ed. p. 586, § 379, 1), teach like this et al. many passages by Aristides in the Bede elg %ov 2dqamv^ that this was construed in an outstanding way as a blessing god.

Like Hermes and Fortuna on countless monuments appear to each other (Becker, Jahrbb. d. Yer. v. Alterthumsfr. i. d. Bheinlanden XX p. 117 ff.; Wieseler ibid XXXYII p. 106 f.), see above Sarapis can also be found in many cases alongside Fortuna. This is how it appears on a sardine near Pappadopulos, üeQtyQtup^ ixtvnwfMxttay änx- (fg>Qaytdo3il^(oy ävtxdotfop Athens 1855, 4® p. 17 No. 270 and on a carnelian in J. de Witte, Descr. of the ant. and objects d'art. qui composed of the cab. de feu m. le chev*' E. Durand, 1836 p. 503 No. 2626 Sarapis sitting and Pallas standing next to him and Tyche; on a “vitrum caeruleum^” in the Münterianum Museum vol. ni, Havniae 1839 p. 105 No. 69 and on a carnelian J. Hettner, D. Bildw. d. Royal Antique collection e.g. Dresden, 1856, p. 99, 8. Showcase, no. 14 Sarapis, Isis and Tyche; on an agate at Pappadopulos p. 31 No. 570 Sarapis enthroned between the standing Harpocrates and the one who is also standing Tyche. Sarapis is particularly common on gemstones enthroned on a ship on which Isis and Tyche standing: Zoega, Numi Aeg. Imp. Title vignette = Documents ined. p. s.a. st. dei Musei dltalia vol. ni: Museum Borgiano p. 434, HI cl. 11 div. No. 30; Gori, Mus. Flor. tom. I tb. Lyn No. VI = David and Mulot, Le Museum de Florence, tome I, PL XCn No. 1, p. 224—225, Winckelmann, Sämmtl. Works ed. Eiselein Vol. IX p. 330: Stosch Collection, 2nd equation. 3rd Abth. No. 65, Lafaye, p. 314 No. 171; Montfoucon, L'Ant.

■1^

Note on some of the monies shared by Fox. 109

expl. Suppl. Tome II, PI. apr^s la XLIII du tome II, fig. 1, Lippert, Dact uniy. Ghilias altera p. 39, 1, no. 376, Hettner 1. c. p. 99. 8. Showcase No. 17.

Similar depictions can be found in Alexandrian ones Large bronzes of Antoninus Pius with the date LB: Cohen, Cat. Gr6au p. 262 No. 3119; Zoega p. 163 No. 4 (M.R.G.), Mionnet VI p. 210 No. U03, p. 211 No. 1404; Feuardent, Eg. anc. n p. 103 No. 1553, P.I. XXIV; with the date L6: Mionnet VI p. 228 No. 1542; of the L. Verus with the date LB: Mionnet VI p. 320 No. 2223.

An onyx at Cohen, Gab. de feu M. Badeigts de Laborde, Paris 1869, Append. p. 6, no. 43 shows Fortuna in front of one colossal sarapis head, similar to a black jasper at A. Andr^Cat. rais. you must d'arch. et cSramique et du mus6e lapidaire de la yille de Rennes. Rennes 1876 p. 31 No. 60, where the Spes is also associated with it, which also sometimes corresponds to it Hermes is found (Zoega, Antoninus Pius No. 457 p. 212: Anna's detr. Templum distylon, in quo stat Mercurius d. caduceum gerens, s. palmae ramum; adstat a dextris canis, a sinistris Spei icnncula. EVER. I. M. R. G. Gordato consilio Mercurio bono genio coninngitur spes secundi eventus pronuba). lead coins Oarmcci, I piombi ant. racc. dall' emin. — L. Altieri. Roma 1847 p. 91, Ettore de Ruggiero, Oat. del museo Eircheriano, Part I, Roma 1878, p. 181 Nos. 967-970 drive in Obv. the bust of Sarapis, in the Rf. the standing Fortuna; a lead coin of Xüs. num. Lavy I p. 406 No. 4560 in Obv. the head of the Sftrapis, in the Rf. Fortuna on the Lectistemium. A bas-relief The British Museum shows the goddess of fortune attached to the Sarapis soldt: Ravaisson-Molien, Rev. arch. 1875, XXIX p. 323, grade 2. Both also appear side by side in inscriptions: Orelli 1788, Benzene 5645; — Orelli 1894 is a fake, cf. Brambach, G.L Rh. p. 359, Lafaye p. 164, grade 9.

Is Hermes protector of livestock, especially sheep? heerden (Müller, Hdb. § 381, 2, p. 591; Röscher p. 77-78), This is what Sarapis says in Aristides I p. 96 ed. Dindorf:

XffHiAilll tax HsmioMftik XIY. 8

110 W. Drexler:

nQoAftiixe di xal ndvffßv ^ciwp ysvkSeoäq nai ff^Off^g. And like that Aries is often found with Hermes (Röscher p. 78), it appears on coins of Yolusianus of Neapolis (Yaillant, N. Col. IL ed. 1695 p. 223, Banduri I p. 88, Eckhel, D. N. Y. m p. 438, which, apparently because there is no figure in Yaillant's illustration Modius has the same name Jupiter, Rasche IIT, 1 p. 11 65 f. No. 5, de Saulcy, Num. de la T. S. p. 274 No. 3, PL XIY, 3) Sarapis standing, R. raised, a scepter in L., in front a legionary eagle was planted on him, above the inscription of the Gari- zim, below three ears of grain and a ram - about the frequent addition Compilation of the ram with ears of grain especially on gems see Stephani C. r. p. Company 1869 p. 50, grade 1 — and last but not least terem, according to de Sanlcy's illustration, a star.

Yerindividually on gems, e.g. B. David et Mulot, Le Museum de Florence I PL LXXXYI, 6, Raponi PI. XYII No. 10, very The head can often be seen on large Alexandrian bronzes of Sarapis over a ram, as well as those of Hadrian the date LK: Feuardent, £g. anc. II p. 96 No. 1481, Mionnet YI p. 194 No. 1277, Zoega p. 152 No. 455 M. Bracc. ; of the toninus Pius with the date LA: Mionnet YI p. 220 No. 1483, Zoega p. 169 No. 57 million yen; LH: Zoega p. 183 No. 173 M.Yer.; LK Mionnet YI p. 272 No. 1868 and Zoega p. 205 No. 389 after Mus. Theupoli II p. 1146; LKA, which may also be the example plar des Mus. Theupoli shows: Feuardent II p. 134 No. 1948| Mionnet YI p. 280 No. 1929; with blurred date: Zoega p. 394 No. 446 b. Tb. XXII No. 5, quoted by Overbeck, Zeus p. 317, 1, (before the ram on all these an altar); further of Marcus Aurelius with LIB (Sarapis-Ammon): Zoega p. 222 No. 120 from Mus. Theupoli and Mus. Caes. ; Faustina junior with UC: Feuardent II p. 150 No. 2116, P.I. XXVI; Mionnet YI p. 314 No. 2169. — Riding on the ram he appears on Alexander Drenian large bronzes of Hadrian with LiH: Feuardent II p. 91 No. 1417, P.I. XX; Zoega p. 146 No. 384 ex mus. Flor., and after him Mionnet VI p. 185 No. 1202; C!ohen, Gat. Qr6aa p. 258 No. 3079, as well as Antoninus Pius with LB (before

Notice some coins brought by Fox. m

Aries Altar): Zoega p. 163 No. 2, Tb. IX No. 13, after which at Mionnetyi p. 210 No. 1401 and in Overbeck, Zeus p. 318, e, Monz plate IV No. 31. Standing to grasp the ram Alexandrian monks of Hadrian with LIZ: Mionnet VI p. 179 No. 1152 M. 8; of Antoninus Pius with L CNATOY: Mionnet VI p. 245 No. 1664 M8; Mus. Theupoli p. 1141 M. n, according to which Zoega p. 189 No. 226 and Mionnet VI p. 245 No. 1665; Zoega p. 189 No. 227 M. II Mus. Arigoni; with ue: Feuardent II p. 123 No. 1800 m. 10.

Sitting, a ram next to him, on an Alexandrian Mfinze of Antoninus Pius with L6 in Feuardent II p. 108 No. 1615 M. 9, and perhaps in Mionnet VI p. 228 No. 1541 LC; S^rapis assis sur un si^ge, ä g., la t^te surmont6e d'un disqne, tenant une bourse de la m. dr. et la haste pure de la g.; As these pieds, a b61ier debout, but where perhaps Hermes itself is depicted, which is sometimes given a nimbus YorkoBunt: Stephanie Nimbus and aureole p. 22; Noteie degli scavi di antichitA 1884 p. 366.

Of course, it can happen anywhere on the Alexandrian ice cream the ram of Ammon, to whom it was particularly sacred (Meyer s. v. Ammon in Boscher's Lexicon of the Greek and Roman. Myth. p. 284, Lepsius, Journal. f. ag. Language and antiquity 1877 p. 11 ff.), were transferred to Sarapis, as was the case MflDse of Marcus Aurelius with the date LiB Zoega 222, 120 Bkht the one Sarapis head, but the one with that Hom of Ammon and the Modius of Sarapis God shows, and also the head of Ammon himself often But the ram appears, finally the ram, even where he associated with Sarapis, often the globe that represents the sun disc presents itself and so often adorns the head of Ammon your head.

If also Sarapis is one of the most famous healing deities is (Onigniaut, Sarapis et son origine p. 25; Welcker, Greek. Doctrine of the Gods II p. 749f. and numerous other authors; Gem- men and Alexandrian imperial coins with the head of

8»

112 W. Drezler:

pantheistically depicted sarapis and serpent staff in front of it), Hermes can also be proven to be the god of healing (Röscher, Hermes p. 6, 79-80; Wieseler, God. Newspaper 1880 p. 29), how he did it a coin from Decius of Pergamum to Asclepius The subject is sufficiently represented: Mionnet II p. 616 f. No. 657 M. 8^. Cab. de M, Cousinery.

Hermes sends dreams (Röscher, Hermes p. 5, 69 f.; 6. Krüger, Hermes and Hypnos, year bb. f. cl. Phil. 1863 p. 289 to 301), sends dreams, especially to the sick, but not exclusively finally this one, also Sarapis (Thorlacius, Somnia Serapica praecipue ex Aristidis Uqotq Xoyotg delineata p. 125—156 in Pro- lusiones et opuscula vol. III; Egger, Revue Arch. 1860 p. 111 up to 125; Preller, Gr. M. I' p. 429; Lafaye p. 102 f.; Plew, De Sarapide p. 37 ff.), as he did several times, for example in Alexandrian Coins of Trajan with LI from Eckhel, Cat. mus. Caes. Vind. I p. 268 M. I, according to which Mionnet VI p. 1 1 1 No. 580 ; and des Commodus with LA at FeuardentH p. 166 No. 2286 Pot. 6; Mionnet VI p. 342 No. 2392 Pot. 6V9; and on a coin of Caracalla by Jasos at Sestini D. N. Y. p. 375 M. I, after which at Mionnet HI p. 354 No. 293, with a poppy head in the Hand depicted, which of course just as well as one can characterize the god who bestows fertility.

Furthermore, Hermes, whose. Gultus is closely related to that of the Charites is connected (0. Jahn, Denkschr. d. Ksl. Ak. d. W. Ph.-H. Cl. XIX. Vol. Vienna 1870 p. 33 note 6, p. 37 Note 6 to p. 36, p. 38; A. Furtwaengler, Mith. d. D. Arch. Inst, in Athens IH 1878 p. 199) gives grace (Röscher p. 38 along with note 150). It is said of Sarapis in a papyrus from the Sarapeion Memphis with C. Leemans, Pap. Gr. Mus. Ant. Publ. Lugduni- Batavi, Pap. D. p. 25. vs. 10—13 nsQl ftiy ovv vwtmv dot (photo 6

ü$Ha »al tijy* ßaüiXUtüav, d»' ^g Sx€tg nqog to &stoy odm^fta (and very similarly Notices et Extraits des Manuscrits de la Bibl. Imp. TomeXVin p. 282 No.30, PL XXIX, vs. 12—13).

Hermes was considered the god of skill (Maller, Hdb.

Note on some coins communicated by Fox. 113

p. 588, § 380, 6; Boscher p. 28-29), Aristides calls Sarapis to I p. 87: dog Xil^ak %6v Xoyov sip^ßq^ ndvtmq ovdiy ye üol ädivaxoVj aQxfjv te ij%&g

Like Hermes a god of profit and traffic {*Bqd&oq) is granted (Müller, Hdb. p. 586, § 379, 2; Röscher p. 87). Sarapis no less the acquisition of treasures: Aristides p. 89:

%fiv ö^av (Aed- vyletav nequfnovdatnov dpd'Qcinoig x^^M^^^'^ m^div xa» taitfiv 2dqamq dtdiadiv ävev nolifMay xal ikd%fjg utal xivdvvfav.

He has a close relationship with the ship's masters and owners. people: Aristides p. 94: naqanXfjdia di xal ^ xaid %d aXXa nqoq aitov xokvmvla ofAOUfAog^ ov nqog öfAoufioPy olov ifAnoQfov xal vaV' xXi^QtoPy ov iiovov öexdtag ävayovtwy, äXXd xai [AeQitfiv i^ tdov noMV[iivwp, totfnsQ dvviiinoqov xal xo^vmvov %äv dux fbicov ndvxmv^ as he is also the ruler of the winds and of the midst of the sea Donates drinking water. That he was a god of acquisition concludes M. W. Hefiter, The divine services on Rhodes in ancient times, booklet EI, p. 84 also from the circumstances that Vitruvius 1, 7 to the builders recommends building the Sarapi temples on the Emporium.

Finally, like Hermes, soul guide and reviver is dead (Müller p. 591-592, § 381, 4; Röscher p. 5, 66f., 69; A. Maury, Revue arch. 1844—1845 p. 584-585; King, Antique gems and rings, vol. n.PI. XXI, 5, p. 53; Arch. Z. 1882 p. 283 = Rev. arch. 1885, 3»« s6r. VI p. 351), so applies the same from Sarapis: Aristides p. 92 - 93: - iml xal fiBta %^y avayxaiav tov ßlov tsXevt^v iv$ ovtog aqp^v av&qdnotg /a^ vsh' xal naga tav%ov 6$t ßadi^etp naq^ avtov, tovxo d^ %6 Xsyofiepov oixo&sv oixade, dg avtov x^Q^^^ ^^ ^ ötatQc&v ixdato^g ovtog i(fu nqog ä^lav tijg iv xfl y^ dtah^ig xal dlx^jg tilg %Av vtstsqov y$yvofkivioy^ ^[liQag (liv xa vniq y^g inmv^ wxtog di day d&sd" Tovg C^cr* xQUfstg noiOvp,€Vog^ ünat^q avvog xal tpvxonofinog^ äymv Big (ptSg xal ndXtv dexofupog^ navtaxH ndvtag neQ$4x^^'

With so many similarities in the views of both Gods it wouldn't be particularly noticeable in and of itself if except the Alexandrian coin types mentioned above, which

H4 W. Drexler:

a snake with the head of Sarapis between the ear and the caduceus, or between Sparrowhawk on Scepter and Gaduceus, also There were monuments that placed the Gaduceus in the hands of Sarapis give. However, in the two cases known to me where Sarapis should be equipped with this symbol of Hermes I still remember to recognize the Sarapis, namely at the Alexandrian coin of Antoninus Pius in Cohen, Gat.

Gr6au p. 267 No. 3185:

T • AIA . AAP Son buste laur6 ä dr. Rf. L KB.

S^rapis? (Mionnet dit Mercure) le modius en t£te, la moitiö supörieure du corps now debout a dr., tenant un caduc6e et une palm tree; derritee un b^lier. M. 9, and with the gem at Baspe p. 122 No. 1504: “Ditto [Pluton S^rapis le boisseau en t£te, avec a longue need de palme dans la dr.] le chien like dr. Dans lay g. The porte le caducäe de Mercure or a pa- razonium.'' Here only Modius has Gohen and Baspe tempted to recognize the Sarapis. It's probably in both Cases Hermes in a specifically Alexandrian view, for the Wieseler, Denkm. d. a. K. H', 2 plates XXVUE, no. 306e, p. 236 suggests the name Hermanubis.

IV. The MOnze Part II p. 13 No. 80, magnesia Joniae, Oaracalla:

M AYP • ANTQNEINOC. Head of Garacalla to r.

RF Eni . rPAM . CEKOYNAOY • MARNHTlZN. Male figure to r. driving a bison, which is on its knee, and a strand half arch over his head. M. 9,

insofar as it is the description of an identical copy of the Ga- racalla at Yaillant N. 6r. p. 104 and after him in Rasche IH, 1 p. 99 No. 3 and Mionnet HI p. 150—151 No. 656: AI. [EOI. rPA. CEKOYNAOY MARNHTflN] Hercules bovem ex antro per caudam trahit M. H Nob. Grora and one of Philippus senior at Sestini, D. N. V. p. 334 No. 33 iU. I M. C, and at Mionnet m p. 157 No. 697:

Notes on some coins communicated by Fox. 115

AYT. K. M. lOY. ♦lAinnoC. Tfete lauröe de Phüippe

pdre k dr.; palad. Ef. En. TP. AHMOCTPATö . EYTYX . MAFNHTßN. Hercules

debout pr^s de Tantre de Gacus, tratnant an boeuf par

la queue. M. 8^8.

as incorrect. Because the figure of the humpback ox cannot be Heracles. The illustration at Fox both as also a note based on examination of the original, which I the Gate of Professor von Sallet owes, that the figure is youthful, in a short robe, without any on Heracles' indicative attribute appears. What Yaillant, Rasche, Sestini and Mionnet looked for the cave of Cacus, At first I thought Fox's illustration was a huge crescent moon with its points on the left Yorder foot and resting on the hump of the zebu. Meanwhile, sir Director of Sallet brought to my attention that this View cannot stand up to the original, but that we are probably dealing with some kind of Thor or a bow here have to do, and the drawing, which he made in gratitude Kindness added confirms this most strikingly validity of his opinion.

I cannot give an interpretation of the type. He may be related either to the status of the Artemis Leucophryöne or with that of Men in Magnesia. Like coins prove that the former was worshiped in this city, Inscriptions, places of the authors and the ruins of their temple: A. Maury, Rel. de la Gr^ant. lU p. 165; StoU s.v. Artemis in Pauly's R. E. I' p. 1880; Preller, Gr. M. I' p. 255; Scribe s. V. Artemis in Roscher's Lexicon p. 593, § 17, 1; Baoul-Ro chette, Gonsid^rations arch. on the temple of Diane Leucophryne rdcemment döcouvert i Magn6sie du M^andre, Journal des Sa- vants 184:5 p. 577-586; 641-655; L. Ross, Hellenica I, 1 p. 40 - 58 ; Bursian in Ersch and Gruber's AUgem. EncycL 1, 82 p. 452. The fact that the latter was also paid homage shows Coins. But that the cattle and especially the humpback ox

116 ^' Drexler:

both of Artemis and the deities of Asia Minor, which of the Greeks were compared to this goddess, as well as that Men are familiar enough. So Imhoof-Blumer records, Mon. gr. p. 386 No. 19: Mastaura, Otacilia: “Artömis dans un bige de z6bous" and for whom so often merged with Artemis- zene Selene, who may also be on the coin just mentioned can be seen, compare Sabatier, fiev. num. 1859 p. 287 to 289; Müller-Wieseler, Denkm. d. a. K 11', plate XVI, no. 176, p. 125; 0. Jahn, Arch. Contribution p. 58, note 22.

A nice example of the covering of the car Men with zebus offer coins of Gommodus (Cat. Ivanoff p. 65 No. 555 M. 8) and of Valerianus and Gallienus (Tanini p. 52. M. Med. Tab. I, flg. 6; Fox ü p. 25 No. 137 sts. 11 v») from Temenothyrae.

Which of the two deities has the coin listed above? It's hard to guess what's most likely to happen in your imagination. divorce.

The fact that both had related traits also follows from the fact that that they often appear next to each other.

This is what an inscription from Kolos in Phrygia reads according to a letter sent by Aristotle Fontrier in Smyma gossip by Lazy Foucart in Bull, de Corr. Bright. IV, 1880, p. 128: *A(jti(AiSt ^Avasith nal \ Mfp^l TiäfAov MeXtini \ v]niQ tijg oloxJifiQiag I %£y\ nodäv sixifv \ dv6a]xfifSev = S. Reinach Rev. arch. 1885, 3°*« s6r. VI p. 107.

In an inscription from Smyma in Mavoaov xal ß$ßX$o&^^ %^g

1875—1876, p. 47 No. qU is given to the "HXm 'AnoXlw K^caV" loSdtivog and the city a statue of the god, an Agakna of Artemis and Men, as well as a Naos with Agaknata JUav- twvog '^BXlov xctl Kavq^g SsXijvijg consecrated.

Artemis stands next to each other with an arrow in her right hand drawing from the quiver, in the L. the bow, and Men - if otherwise the descriptions rightly give this name need - , a bowl in the R., a scepter in the L., on

Comments on some coins provided by Fox. 117

Coins from Tabae, supposedly already under Trajan (Gat. Welzl de Wellenheim p. 268 No. 5994 M. ö'/a, but with the question: ^tStelaur^e (deCaracalla?)^; also under Antonina's pins (number. mod. max. Cimel. Ludovici XIV., Tb. YII; (on the shoulders there is no crescent visible in the picture); Mionnet III p. 384 No. 476 m. 9); Marc Aurel (Gori, Mus. Flor. H Tb. XXXI, 1; I p. 139 (no crescent moon visible here either); Mionnet not p. 385 No. 478 -el. 10); Lucius Verus (Pinder and Friedlaender, Contribution e.g. old. Coin studies I p. 75 No. 17, M. 11); Garacalla (Imhoof-Blumer in v. Sallet's Zeitschr. f. Num. I 1874 p. 149 No. 10 JSat. 10, with the archon name ApoUonios; Mionnet lU p. 385 No. 479^. 10, with the archon name Artemidoros) ; Valerianus Senior (Mionnet HI p. 386-387 No. 484 M. 10 Num. Chron. First Series vol. III p. 102 (without crescent)); Gal- lienus (Mionnet III p. 387 No. 485 M. 12; Cohen, Cat. Badeigts de Laborde p. 37 No. 418 M, 11 J^).

A coin from Trapezopolis Cariae at Mionnet III p. 388 No. 488 M. 3 >^ and corrected according to Sestini Lett. num. cont. VI p. 67 No. 1 in Suppl. VI p. 552 No. 553 should show on the on one side the bust of the man, on the other the head of the Artemis with wall crown, bow in front, quiver behind. One Coin of Hadrian from ApoUonia ad Rhyndacum recreates Sestini Mus. Hed. TL p. 80 No. 3 (where from Mionnet Suppl. Y p. 289 No. 61 M. 6) represents the man, standing, with one on his head cap decorated with the crescent moon, in which B. has the image of the work temis and a bunch of grapes, in the L. a lance, — one mine However, it is not a very likely description. One in Cat. Welzl de Wellenheim p. 266 No. 5971 the Carian City of Cyon, according to Friedlaender^'s comment in the repert. p. 275 coin usually assigned to Cyme is to offer up Obvers Artemis and Men in one of four bosses pulled wagon standing, r. h. ; on the KY marked re- verse Artemis standing with torch and bow; towards her Men the crescent on the shoulders, a bowl on the row, a lance in the L. M. 3|^.

118 W. Drexler:

The ones from WaddingtoD, Rev« num. 1853 p. 34 put up Presumption that the name Men and the native name the Artemis of Perga, which he p. 31 No. 5 MANAVAC. nPEllAC las, came from the same root, however not confirmed, since according to Friedlaender in von Sallet's journal. f. Number IV, 1877, p. 300 MANAVA€ nPEIIA« can be read*).

Meanwhile, the fact that both Artemis of Perga as well, according to one of Waddington 1st c. p. 34-35 dressed Coin from Prostanna, to which the Sphinx was added, gives new evidence of how close the latter is to the large Asian natural tree, called Artemis by the Greeks deity touched.

v.

I can be very brief about the following 2 types Fox's collection: n p. 18 No. 107 Myndus. Diademed head to r.

RF MYNAIGJN. A curious implementation, having a ball at one end, and what is like a triangular cup or vase at the other, crossed by a bar (?), but to me quite new and incomprehensible. M.2.

As the illustration shows, we simply have it here to do with one of those stones that are so often found among the Semites (cf. this well-known symbol of Carthaginian coins in Müller, Num. de ranc. Africa II p. 120-121, III p. 28. 47. 52-53; Meltzer, History of the Garthaginians p. 47 6 f. Note 47; Perrot, historian de Tart dans Pantiquitö III p. 78), but also among the residents Eleinasia and the Greeks represent the deity (cf. about Steincult: Schreiber s.v. Baetylos in Roscher's Lex. p. 746 until 747; F. Lenormant, s.v. Baetylia in Daremberg et Saglio's Dict. d. ans. gr. et rom. p. 642 - 647, where you can find further literature finds evidence).

1) See also Friedlaender in v. Sallet's magazine. f. Number X, 1883 p.3; Th. Bergk, ibid. XI, 1884 p. 332 note, p. 334.

Notes on some coins communicated by Fox. 119

The question of which deity is the stone in question Of course, it is not possible to answer with certainty whether the coin should represent it.

If you remember that the Greeks with the goddess of Perga, who is sometimes compared to Artemis (cf. the illustration). education in Daremberg et Saglio's Dict. p. 645 Fig. 741) as co- nic stone is depicted, and if you look at the coins from Myndus (Mionnet III p. 360 No. 336; Suppl. VI p. 514 No. 386; No. 387; p. 515 No. 389), that here too the deity equated with Artemis was worshiped (cf. A. Maury, Hist des rel. de la Gr^ce anc. DI p. 166 - 167), one could maybe think of this goddess, but something reliable leaves As noted, do not line up.

VL

n p. 28 - 29 No. 155. Cybistra Cappadociae.

AYTOKP . KAIC • NBP TPAIANOC • CBB . rePM A . AAKIKOC.

Read of Trajan to r.

Rf. KYBICTPeUN. By the head of the figure, 67- H. Bust

of a female to the front, looking to 1., her left arm ex-

tended above her head, her right arm across her waist ;

the whole in a garland and dotted circle. M. 8. A

very curious and incomprehensible reverse.

This type is certainly not strange or incomprehensible.

Judging from the picture you have the river here

where the city is located, if Ritter's investigations (geography,

Part 19 p. 259) are not meanwhile corrected, the Kyzyldscha

Su the reddish water^, to see. The way the figure

stretching out the left arm is the characteristic movement

of the river god on numerous Asian coins; mostly is just

The seated Tyche of the city is shown above. About

This type of river god representation is about Gardner, Trans, of

the B. Soc. of Lit. 1878 p. 214 f. (“Here we have a god in a

river, instead of having a god of a river.'')

120 W. Drezler:

vn.

Part II p. 127 No. 147. Laodicea Phrygiae. AHMO[C] Young male head to r.

RF AAOAIKCQN. Dog sitting to r., until left paw raised and leaning npon a reversed diota. M.3.

You will certainly become the animal that Fox calls a dog according to what Streber, Numismata nonnalla graeca ex Museo Regis Bavariae p. 248 - 250, Cavedoni, Spicilegio num. p.240 — 241, Gavedoni, Monete di Laodicea della Frigia rappresentanti sim^ Bolicamente i suoi due fiumi Lico e Gapro, Ball. arch. nap. n. see no. 118 (20 dell'anno V), giugno 1857, p. 155-156; Peace lacDder in v. Sallet's magazine. f. Number I 1874 p. 393; Ourtius, Use of coats of arms and coat of arms style in antiquity, Fig. d. Berl. Ak. from d. Years 1874, p. 117, Imhoof-Blumer, Mon. gr. p. 406, Gardner, Greek River-Worship, Transact. of the R. Soc. of Lit Second series. vol XI. 1878 p. 212, P.I. II, 2 et al. about the Representation of the Avitog and Kängog rivers as wolves and boars have noticed, most probably explain it as a wolf.

The only thing that's strange to me is that of Fox on this coin a reversed diota and von Imhoof-Blumer 1. c. in accordance mung with him as a une urne renvers^e described object, which the latter sees as a symbol of the source of Lykos. If I dare to differ, so beguiled I'm interested in Fox's illustration.

If this doesn't deceive me, we have a counterpoint here. which stood out particularly from the coins of Aegiale on Amorgos known as the symbol of Asclepius. The same is known- lich by Paul Lambros, NofUiifUQlg äQxaM>loyM^ ^ JlcQlodog B' (pp. 352-358), speci p. 355-356, »» p. 10-14 of the separate impression, Athens 1870, earlier but - which seems to have gone pretty unnoticed seems — by Cavedoni, Bull. arch. nap. No. XCVIII (10 dell' anno VI), I Agosto 1848 p. 78 declared to be a cupping head been after de Cadalvene, Recueil de m^dailles grecques

Comments on some of the messages communicated by Fox. 121

inMites p. 226 therein a holy one in the temples of Asclepius - hanged vessel, Birch, Nnm. 1842 p. 193 one to sweat bad instrument that xahtov^ ofA

122 W. Drexler:

the former city, as can be seen from Strabo XII p. 399 of the edition of

1587: “Mera^v di ^^ Aaod^xBictq na\ tAv KaQovQotr Uqov i(ft& Mip^og KcIqov xalovfUVOVj ttfitififsyov älS$ol6y»g' tfvyiöt^Ke dl ira^* ffMic dtdaökaletop ^Hgotpiletop lavQmy fkfya vno ZevlStdog nai [Uta tavta ^AXe^arÖQOv toi) 0$lal^&ovg^ and coins like: ^ZEYEi^ • 4^IAAAH0H< Bacnlns Aesculapii, Aagusti«', Eckhel, D. N.y. m p. 161, Numi veteres anecdoti p. 255 - 256 can be seen. Let us now mention a coin from Caracalla of Laodicea show that even festivals were held in honor of Asclepius were celebrated there. Also that the shape of the symbol not exactly the same as shown in the picture of Fox's coins of the object known as a cupping head on coins from Aegiale, Atrax, Epidaurus, would not be too much against The discouragement expressed above is important because Gavedoni I.c. from Oribasius the great diversity of the shape of the Of course, cupping heads are mentioned here but can only refer to one Comparing the original, the last word will be spoken. This is also interesting from Churchill Babington, Num. Chron. 1866 p. 127 No. 4 shared pieces of Caracalla by Laodicea at Fox II p. 27 No. 148:

AYT • KAI • M - AYP . ANTfineiNOC • CCB. Laureated head

of Caracalla to r. Rf. ACKAHneiA. Table with a long um or vase holding

garlands, bunches of grapes on each side; a diota

under. M.10.

Let's get to know a new city from this celebrated the festivals of Asclepius. Thraemer, s.v. Asclepius in Roscher's Lexicon d. gr. u. r. M.p. 631 recorded ^A(fxlijnk$a.

1) in Epidaurus, after Plato, Jon 530 A, C. I. Gr. 1171. 3208 etc. '£7. oQx. 1883 p. 30 no. 10 [Review arch. 1883, troisi&me sorie n p. 397 No. 4. — Third party should be added berger, S7IL Inscr. Gr. No. 398 vs 3^0. Rayet, review arch. 1872, XXIY p. 109 and coins from Epidaurus with ETFIAAYPOY • lePAC and the Haiq^t of Asclepius in the obverse, ACKAHTTeiA in a laurel wreath in the lapel: Eckhel, D. N.

Comments on some of the messages communicated by Fox. 123

V. n p. 290; IV p. 435; Numi veteres anecdoti p. 137 p. IX No. 5 M. III (Mus. Savorgnan): precisely therefore Mionnet n p. 239 No. 69 iU. 5; Mionnet Snppl IV p. 260 No. 150 JS. 5 (Mus. Sanclem. Nnm. be. I p. 183); (cfr. No. 151 with the inscription

KAHPA); T. Combe, Mus. Brit. p. 142 No. 1, iE. D ; Catalog

Meletopoulos. Athens 1884. 4® p. 76; belongs here, of course also those of C. Combe, Mus. Hunter p. 343 p. LXI, fig. 14 and after him by Mionnet Snppl. VIII p. 503 No. 314 under Tire recorded coin, on the obverse of which is the issue geber TYPOY.IEPA^ meant to read what Eckhel, D. N. V. II p. 290 and Friedlaender, Vienna Num. Zeitschr. II, 1870 p. 326 have corrected.

2) Kos, after Bull, de Corr. Bright. V p, 231 [No. 20 vs 8 = Dittenberger, Syll. No. 399], Ps. Hippocr. ep. 11, Vol. III p. 778 ed. Kühn; what else to add Bull, de Corr. Bright. V p. 213 No. 6 vs. 17, p. 215; Dittenberger, Syll. No. 398 vs 13; New ton, The Coli, of anc. gr. inscr. in the Brit. Mus. Part H, London 1883, p. 71 No. CCLX vs 3.

3) Pergamon, where among those recorded by Thraemer Wood, Discoveries at Ephesus, Inscrip- tions from the Great Theater No. 14, p. 62, vs. 16 ^A

4) Athens.

5) Lampsacus.

6) Ancyra Galatiae, after C. I. Gr. 4016. Are special To mention here are the numerous coins from Ancyra with the Indication of Asclepius festivals; I'm just making Ezechieli's span- hemii ad Eximium Virum Andream Morellium Epistolae Quinque: Epist. I: De Ancyranorum nummis, in quibus Certamina ACKAHTTEIA CfiTHPEIA ICO nVOIA consignantur ; Speciminis Tab. XIU p.3~-91, as an appendix to Morellius, Spec. univ. rei num. Lipsiae 1695; Eckhel D. N. V. IV p. 453-454; Krause, The Pythia, Nemeen and isthmia p. 56-58, § 11.

7) Karpathos.

In the register for C. L Gr. will also be listed

124 W. Drexler:

nct Rhodiopolis add. 4315, n =^ Lebas-Waddington, Asie-Min. 1336, which inscription vs. 23 aj^dSvag ^AükXtjnlmv mentions.

Nicomedia should also be added to Thraemer's list according to one of Minervini, Notes of Alcune scoperte in Napoli, Bull. arch. napol. n.s. No. 160, 10 dell'anno VII, gennaio 1859, p. 73-78, tav. VII published inscription from Naples which we (p. 73, Commentary p. 77) tä iv Ns^xofiiideiif — int^ Get to know Ur^luBva ^Aüklffneia. An inscription which found is "the heure environ au north of the scala de Eliss^ Keui", Bull, de Corr. Bright. IV 1880 p. 377-378 Nos. 5 honors an agonothete at the Asclepius festival &i^fayots&ijaavTa toS tfm- t^Qog ^Aöklfintov. A &i(Atg 'AtsnlfpteUßv i.e. a at costs The Feast of Asclepius celebrated by a private citizen is recorded in an inscription from Termessos near Lebas-Waddington Asia-Min. 1 209 = Henzen, Annali dell' Inst. 1852 p. 169 mentioned; see also Waddington*s Addition of No. 1338.

However, Thraemer's record must be deleted Akragas, whereby he Mionnet I p. 214 No. 54 states: CQCXOC (Sic) ACKAAniA. T6te de Corte a dr.

Rf. AKPAFANTINfin. Figure barbue debut, vue de face, vStue d*une espöce de toge. M.4.

The interpretation of the inscription on the front to Asklepios as far as I know, goes to Eckhel, D. N. Y. I p. 192; lY p. 435, the coin from Mus. Hunter p. 10 No. 64, Tb. n fig. 14 knew, back; also Panofka, Asklepios and the As- klepiaden, Dep. d. Royal Ak. d. W. zu Berlin 1845 p. 287, together with Note 9, paid homage to this statement.

The type in question has been described quite frequently, so e.g. B. apart from those already mentioned by Torremuzza, Sic. Yet. Numi Tb. YHI, 3, 4, p. 8; Auctarium Tb. I Nos. 7. 8, p. 6; Mionnet Suppl. I p. 365 No. 61; L. Müller, Mus^e Thorvaldsen p. 186 No. 1414; GoUezione Santangelo p. 69 Nos. 7449—58; Numi vet. in Museo Richardi Payne Enight asservati p. 225, H, Nos. 21. 22; T. Combe, Mus. Brit. p. 60 No. 21; A Cat. of the gr. coins in the Brit. Mus. Sicily p. 22 Nos. 153. 154;

Notes on some coins communicated by Fox. 125

Salinas, Le Monet d. a. citU di Sicilia p. 34 No. 333, Tab. Xm No. 16.

But according to the most precise descriptions you can read it ACKAAnOC (Salinas) or ACKAAniOC (Brit. Mus.).

Given the great importance given to the healing god in Laodicea it seems to me not inappropriate to mention, that on some coins of this city there is also the Nemesis other characteristics that of a health-giving goddess appears to have been attributed. One of these coins Minted under Caracalla, is communicated by Mionnet lY p. 328 No. 769, Lajard, Culte de V6nus, PI. m, A, 8, p. 82 and after this one from Müller-Wieseler, Denkm. d. a. K. 11, 5 plate LXXIV, 951, p. 62, Walz, De Nemesi p. 21, plate 11:

AY. K. M • AY . ANTßNeiNOC . CeB. Tete lauröe de Ca- racalla, k dr., avec le paludamentum. Ef. AAOAlKeßN. NeßKOPßN • TO . n • H. N6mesis ail6e et tourrel^e, debout sur une estrade, tenant une corne d abondance dans la m.g. and donnant k manger de la dr. ä un serpent; These pieds, a petite statue of Mi- nerve on a base; aka say, a griffon and a petit ödifice dans lequel is a statue. M. 13.

The other, with the portrait of the younger Philip, is writes Imhoof-Blumer, Monnaies grecques p. 409 No. 136:

M. lOVAlOC

ZcitMhrift tax NaminiMtik. XIV. 9

126 W, Drexler:

ceBACTH KPICniNA. Head of Grispina to r. RF CTPA. M. CeAAlOY OMO • CMYP • NeiKOM. Nemesis

Standing to r. and feeding the serpent. M.6.

But Mionnet describes m p. 237 No. 1333 and Suppl.YI p. 352 No. 1750 the type of Grispina coins with whole the same inscriptions simply as Hygi6e debout, faisant manger to serpent dans une pat^re.

Mehrfitch comes up with a nemesis feeding the snake cut stones, like this

1) on one of the Biehler collection: Wieseler, God. Message 1882 p. 222-223 No. 7: Long-winged female figure in long ghiton with a belted diploidion, in one hand a bowl, in the other holding a snake, which just looks like this The bowl appears to have been drunk next to an altar which fire burns, standing. Behind the figure's back the inscription AAAION. oriental. Shrimp. Wieseler compares with the coin of Garacalla of Laodicea and carries similar ones öenmien, namely:

2) Brunn, Bull, dell' Inst. 1858, Aprile 16, p. 54: genmia del sig. Castellani, ritr. vicino al Laterano, rap. una figura femminile alata, with patera e serpenti, coUa ruota accanto, e perciö riferita ä Nemesi.

3) by Sacken and Kenner, The Collections d. K.K. Coin and antique cabinet. Vienna 1866 p. 439 No. 597: Nemesis found wings with snake and patera. Onyx. If Wieseler 1. c. also the following No. of the Vienna Cabinet 598: “Likewise, in the L. branch, with the S. grasping the robe on the chest, next to her bike. Never.'' counts here, he is wrong: the "also^ should only mean "gfittgelt" like No. 597, in contrast to the next Nos. 600 - 603, which depict the goddess without wings.

4) Ghabouillet, Cat. g6n. et rais. d. cam6es et p. gr. de la Bibl. Imp. p. 233 No. 1722: Hygie, with everything from the Yictoire. GomaUne H. 23mill. L. 15 million. B^pport^ de Syrie par M. Guys.

In this regard, the information not mentioned by Wieseler still needs to be included. led

Notes on some coins communicated by Fox. 127

5) Amadutius, Noy. Thes. Gem. Vet. ex insignioribus dac- tyliothecis selectarum vol. n, Romae 1783 Tb. LX, p. 15: Ge- winged, fully clothed female deity, a bandage around her hair, in the R. a snake with its head over one of the goddess bowl held in the L. raises; at the feet of the deity a wheel.

6) Rasp p. 447 No. 7699. Soufre de Stosch. Victoire Sa lutaris; c'est-ä-dire, donnant k manger k un serpent, et tenant de la g. nne need.

7) Visconti, Opere varie vol. DI. Catalog of the Dattilioteca del signor barone de la Turbie sez. III, § 1 p. 417 No. 110: Cornaline, engraving antique du tems des Romains. Figure de woman, with the serpent and the coupe, the everything from the Victoire, etc le bouclier de Minerve.

8) King, Antique Gems and Rings, vol. n, Tb. XXVI No. 9, p. 56: Victory, in the character of Hygieia. Sard (Blacas). The Illustration shows: Winged female figure, a laurel wreath around the head, a shield at the feet, in the L. one Bowl from which one around the r. Arm of the goddess winding Snake drinks.

Slightly different in that the snake is not around the arm ringed by the goddess, but completely separated from her seems to be 9) L. Müller, Descr. des intailles et cam^es ant. you Mus^e Thorvaldsen p. 72 No. 569: La Victoire donnant dans A coupe la päture k un serpent qui s'entortille autour d'un tr^pied and tenant une need dans Tautre main. Elle est re- v^tue d'une diploide. Cornaline.

Sometimes one receives one with the attributes of Hygieia

equipped Nemesis also the main jewelry of Isis,

which the latter is related to both Hygieia (Hauvette-Besnault, Bull.

de Corr. Bright. VI 1882 p. 339 No. 42; Tölken, L Cl. 2nd Abth.

No. 35, p. 16), as with Nemesis (Bull, de Corr. Hell. VI 1882

p. 336f. No. 38; p. 337 No. 39; p. 337-338 Nos. 40) ver-

is melted.

A winged female appears on a cameol

9*

128 ^' Drexler:

Godhead, on the head the Eop^utz of Isis, in the B. a Snake that lets her drink from a bowl in the L a wheel at their feet: Buonarroti, Osservazioni istoriche p. 225-226, Documenti inediti p. s. alla st. d. Musei dltalia vol. ni: Museo Carpegna p. 213, Miliin, Mythol. Gallery p. 70 No. 350. LXXIX, Dumersan, Notice des monuments exposös dans le cab. des mödailles ant. et pierres grav6es de la biblioth^que you Roi. Paris 1828 p. 21 No. 539, ChabouUlet p. 233 No. 1720, cf. Eckhel, D. N. V. 11 p. 553, Welcker to Zoega's Abhdl. p. 389 f. Note 34, Bachofen, experiment on grave symbolism the old p. 150, note 1, Schulz, Annali dell' Inst. 1839 p. 105, Wieseler, God. Newspaper 1882 p. 224.

Similar compositions show small metal figures, cf. e.g. B. Vente Charvet. Paris 1883 p. 171 No. 1883 and domestic nocentius Bonamicus, Musei "Bonamiciani Pratensis brevis de- scriptio at Gori, symbol, litt. Decas I vol. 11. Florentiae 1748 p. 213-214.

As a monument to the cult of the healing gods in Laodicea Perhaps the one from Mionnet Suppl. YII p. 588 No. 463 and after him by Riggauer, Eros on coins, v. Sallet's Magazine f. Num. Vni 1881 p. 91 recorded type:

AYT. K • M • AY . ANTßNeiNOC. T6te laur6e de Caracalla,

k dr., avec le paludamentum. R/. AAOAlKeflN . NeßKOPßN. Cupidon couch6 k terre et

endormi, la tete appuy^ sur la main gauche, soutenne

by a rocker and the droite tombante; ä ses pieds, la

massue d'Hercule. JB. 6^/2. regard. Stephani has Gompte-rendu p. Ta. 1874 p. 10 - 13 not less than 46 marble pieces similar to the shape of our coin statues put together, of which (p. 15 No. 7) the Nos. 6, 9, 16, 17, 18, 35, 37, 41, 45, 46 and perhaps also 44, that the club is attached to the person in question Coin types are particularly closely related (cfr. p. 19. 220) Stephani explains these figures as representations of sleep in Eros form with the inclusion of the concept of Hercules som-

Remarks on some coins communicated by Fox. 129

nialis. Furtwaengler, the Intorno a due tipi d*Amore, Bull, dell' Inst. 1877 p. 121-128 and s.v. Eros in Roscher's Lexicon p. 1369-1370 for the cases where the sleeping Eros was given the club of Heracles, remembers that the same one also in other ways as the hero's defeater, but especially to the Identification of Heracles with a secluded (at the same time (depicted as sleeping Eros) mortal thinks, it holds but it is very likely that some monuments of this kind votive gifts were intended for a healing deity. On one Page of one era of Villa Albani is located under the inscription SOMNO ORESTILIA FIUA “un giovane nudo, e alato, che dorme Posandosi sopra la face rovesciata", Marini, Iscr. Alb. No. LXVI p. 72; Orelli 2432; Morcelli-Fea-Visconti, La villa Albani ora Torlonia descritta p. 195 No. 46. What a big role Hypnos is known to play in the cult of the healing deities. That was it ordinary means of obtaining the path to healing ofFenbart Incubation, temple sleep, which is still not uncommon today takes place in the churches of modern Greece (B. Schmidt, The folk life of the modern Greeks p. 77 - 79), can't do anything the patient's recovery is better than sleep. In a building in the sacred precinct of the Asklepieion in Sikyon Hypnos (Paus. II, 10, 2) lay asleep, from which Pausanias Time only the head was left, according to Panofka in the way to think of our coin image, and in the Stoa there was one Image of the dream god and 'Ynvog xataxotfAl^oip Xiovxa^ ^Emdcit^g di hilxlfifSiv (Panofka, Asklepios and the Asklepiads p. 305; E. Gerhard, Hypnos the Sleep God, Arch. Zeit 1862 p. 219, note 9; Welcker, Kl. Very. III p. 95-96; Cavedoni, Dichiarazione di Alcune monete imperiali di Sicione dell^ Acaia, Mem. deir accad. di Torino 1862 p. 116; 0. Jahn, Arch. Z. 1860 p. 100). In As- Clepius sanctuary in Athens was named after C. I. A. HI add. 132, ^A^ycuop V p. 326 No. 6, Köhler, Mith. d. D. Arch. Inst, in Athens n p. 242, note also worshiped Hypnos: ^Atfxlfjmm xal *Tytela$ I xai tm "Ynvdm \ QemQtxog ^vvÖQOfAOV | StuQtevg x^Q^'

(n^Qtov. Dedicated in an inscription by Reii Apollinares (Riez).

130 W. Drexler:

Deodorant Aesculapio | yal(erii) Symphorus et Protis | Signum Somni aereum: Gmter p. 70, 8 = Orelli 1572 == Duke, Galliae Nar- bonensis prov. Rome. are. app. epigr. p. 82 No. 395; (see also the corrupt inscription in Le Bas et Waddington, Asie Min. p. 64 No. 141 vs. 16ff. avi&finav [di \ na\l ivt& yv(Aya

xlfjnimv t;[. . . I. . .]y vnviov (fvr navxi tw I[6]^V > under

Ephesus, but,, sans indication de provenance ^). It's interesting an inscription from Lebena on Crete in Arch. Anz. 1855 p. 45 No. 3 and in Kaibel, Epigr. size 839:

Joiovg (fot J$6daiQ0g idijxccto, Säxsq^ ^OyslQovg

avtl dmX&v ofUftav^ g>ei>t6g inavQdfjbsvog. Of course the type of coin listed above muds not necessarily be understood as a healing god; very easy is it possible that he belonged to some famous city of Laodicea is intended to glorify marble work that is sufficient for decoration. Up my interpretation, which should be no more than an encouragement of the Laodicean figure as Hypnos and healing deity I was guided by the fact that both Wieseler, God. Newspaper 1880 p. 40-41, as well as connoisseurs, The Coin Collection of the Monastery of St. Florian p. 19 who is usually referred to as Thanatos Figure of a winged, with an inverted torch and over- boys standing with their legs crossed paying coins rich cities, especially Thrace and Lower Moesia (cf. d. Yerzeichnis by Riggauer, Eros on coins in v. Sallet's Magazine f. N. VH! 1881 p. 95-97) as hypnosis and healing interpret God.

Elaeus.

That the Fox H p. 23 No. 130 given description one of the coins published by him under Elaiousa Giliciae Commode:

AYTOKPATßP . KOMOAOC. Laureated head of Em- peror to r. Rf.EAAlOYClflN. Victory on the prow of a galley, the

You can look at some of the stories shared with Ron Fox. 131

figare-head of which is a stag ; otherwise it is a human head, and linder that, on the rostrum a boar's head.

does not correspond to the illustration on Plate VII, has Reits Imhoof-Blumer noted. This gives Mon. gr. p. 46 No. 43 the correct description of the type from a specimen Waddington's collection: M. 27 m. — AYTOKPATfiP KOMOAOC. Bust laur6 et drap6 de Commode k dr. RJ. EA—AlO—VC—LÖN. Guerrier casqu6 and arm6 d'une haste transversale, debut k dr. on a test of na- Tire, dont Tacrostolium se appointments in a tdte de cerf, et la quille, omde d'un poisson k dr., en une t6te de sanglier. He shares the coin of the city of Elaeus with the Thracian one Chersonesos too. With full permission. Because the warrior on the At the front of Schifis is Protesilaus, the Thessalian hero who First bid the Greeks marching against Troy off the ship jumped ashore, but was also killed first by the enemy. But with Elaious it was planted by the nymphs Shown in the shaded tomb of the hero: Strabo Xm p. 595; Pause. I, 34, 2 ; Tzetz. Lycophr. 532 ; Philostratus Her. n, 1 ; PUn, H.N. XVI, 99; Anthol. Pal. VH, 141; 385: Pfeu s.v. Protesilans in Pauly's R. E. VI, 1 p. 128; Welcker, Greek. GStterlehre m p. 256-257 ; Gerhard Or. Myth. n p. 49, § 679, 2, b; Forbiger, Handbook of the Ancient Geography of Europe, 2nd ed. p. 788-739 et al. m. Here he had a sanctuary and gave oracle: Thueyd. VHI, 102; Herodotus VH, 83; IX 116; 120; Pause. HI, 4, 5; Philostratus, heroic stories, in which, as is well known, a winemaker from the area around Elaious a Phonician about the heroes of the Trojan War which he received from the mouth of Protesilaus. has received; Lucian Deor. Cionc. 12.

The definition corresponds exactly with the depiction of the coins. Explanation, which Philostratus (p. 35 of Jacob's Trans-

132 W. Drezler: Comments on some of Fox's contributions. Coins.

Setting, Stuttgart 1826) from the statue of the demigod entr throws: “The picture stands on a ship; because the base stell has the shape of a prora; but he himself stands as a be- mistake there. By the hand of time, and just as well by those who anointed the image and prayed to it have stapled, its shape has been changed.^ About the He says (p. 36) the height of the hero that it is easily 10 cubits. likes to wear; about his clothing: “He has an Ohlamys over- hung according to the Thessalian manner, like this picture here. The Ghlamys is sea-purple of a divine color, because inexpressible The splendor of the purple is eloquent.^

Whether the decoration of the ship with boar and deer heads is chosen in view of the fact that according to Philostratus p. 38 Protesilaus took pleasure in hunting deer and sows, I don't dare say that the boar's head is also very different often used as ship decorations, according to Gaedechens because of the measured prophylactic power, can be found: Bernd, Das Coats of arms of the Greeks and Romans and other ancient peoples, a model of the medieval and modern. Bonn 1841 p. 145, 146, 148; Gaedechens, Boar's Head and Gorgoneion as amulet, Yearbooks of the Association of Friends of Antiquity in the Rhineland, Booklet XL VI. Bonn 1869 p. 35-38.

Slightly different from the coins of Elaious represent the hero that of Phthiotic Thebes. Here he already has the ship deserted and hastens, armed with shield and sword, from which- the same to the country: Weil, Arch. Zeitung 1873 p. 40ff., quoted by Plew on Preller's Gr. M. 11' p. 421, note 2; Peace countries, monthly area d. Equal. Pr. Akad. d. W. in Berlin 1878 p. 450; Repertory p. 34; E. Muret, Bull, de Corr. Bright. v 1881 p. 229; Gardner, The types of the Greek coins PL XII, 7; Catalog of the Greek coins [in the British Museum]. Thessaly p. 50 no. 1. M'6, weight 37-7, PI. XI, 3; No. 2, iE-55, PL XI, 4

W. Drexler.

133

The coat of arms of Seuburg and the coins of Otto Heinricli

nnd PMüpps. 1505 -(1539) -1559.

L

In the Xni. Volume page 248 of this magazine is a note from me "4as coat of arms of Neuburg" ^ appeared, where- I tried to show in EQrze that the obverse image is on the first coins of Ottheinrich and Philip with the coat of arms the city became a princely residence in 1505 Neuburg is identical, and that these coins belong to Neuburg were prigt.

I have now received information about the certificate with which the uncle and guardian of the two princes Orphans, Count Palatine Friedrich II in 1506 on Erchtag St. Mary Magdalene “because of her great devotion to the Church” home and many services rendered^, the freedoms of the city confirmed and gave it a new coat of arms. This one so-called confirmation certificate in relation to the coat of arms reads:

“That we Inen your coat of arms And Cleinot the si from old Inn Sigl And painting, to Panier in the Veldt to Streit And else had to Erbarkait, used used in portrait, form, color and form renewed and improved, Nemb- According to the shield of the Yeldung, Roth is then at the bottom of three white mountain, with a white round one on each side Thom the yeglicher has two ledges at the bottom and one and at the top

134 J.V. Kuli:

•

On the top ledge there is a Pmstwehr with battlements and the top cornices ay yeglichen Thum, Bayerishwekh, occupies blue and white vff three lines, between the two Thnmen ain Portt, a white wall in it ain Rotthor and There is a yellow gate at the highest part of the gate tell about the gate and the white walls in the battlements, lying on the battlements in a yellow lew (more recent depiction: the Lion strides) with his head But looking down the battlements and with the left front arm and paws also over the battlements reach down and with the front right paw on the Battlements flying up And with baiden hinder bainen hinder the The battlements are hidden, but their tails are visible above the battlements. henket. On the right side of the porten ain by heart The little child nakhend reaches over him with his right hand Lewen by his paws to grab the begerendt, in his Left hand ain Bösslein like the children care for wood And rods to defend, holding everything a single staff with his linkhen bain strakh And vomen on the toes on Grienenberg standing, having his just bain bind over him, at the left side of the ports from memory but ain child, baid male sex with his righteous hand the lion to grab the tail of the desired one, in his hand Böfslein's bridle Ziegl holds, the same Röfslein as the children Maintaining wood and sticks all riding between his baiden bainen continuously habendt with his right bain strakh and standing on his toes on the green mountain We have nothing left over us, which have two children of our pre- thought young cousins mean etc/' (printed in the new version) burger collect. 1835, p. 8 ff.)

About the history of the Bavarian War because of the Inheritance of Duke George the Rich and establishment of the , Junge Palatinate'S give us Krenner's Bavarian State Parliament Acts Vols. XIV and XV the best information. The “Köllner spoke about the Duke Georg estate'* as Erenner XV p. 111 this important contract in the history of the Witteisbach family

The coat of arms of Nenbnrg n.d. Coins of Otto Heinrich and Philipp. 135

called, was signed on July 30, 1505 between Duke Albert IV Munich and his brother Wolfgang on the one hand and Count Palatine Frederick II as guardian of the princely orphans on the other hand Göln a. Rhine closed. The execution of the same but and the side negotiations lasted well beyond 1505 In addition, which is the activity of Count Palatine Friedrich, this too Princes and dutiful tutors demonstrate this to a high degree used abroad. We should therefore not be surprised that if the so-called confirmation certificate for the city of Neu- The castle was only opened for exhibition in the last third of the July moon in 1506. production reached. The connection of the coat of arms with the Obverse images of our coins') are not caused by this circumstance impaired. The stamps for the same, of which the largest the year 1505 could be compared to that of the city of Neuburg The intended coat of arms was already in the second half The year 1505 must have been made if this year In general, the time of minting alone and not what is here- as well as can be accepted, the year of the boy's founding

m

should document the principality.

There is still no information about the minting of these coins The archival evidence proves that similar ones already exist Inscriptions and the representation suitable for every coin size our coat of arms is sufficient that it does not appear before the Begun in 1505 and only lasted a short time afterwards can have.

Which, essentially, consists of three pieces small series of these coins is in the XI. Volume page 110 of the This magazine is shown as an example and the Friedensburg's subsequent treatise has the Ver-

1) The seals, which Count Palatine Friedrich used as a tutor, have similar representations to our coat of arms. In the collection of the kgL aUgem. In the Beichsarchiv there are two different in size and drawing. On the smaller one from 1508, two naked boys hold the coat of arms, the lion lies below. On the larger one from 1510 the coat of arms of held by two naked boys, the lion is missing.

136 J-V. Coolie:

service, quotes from earlier ones mostly exaggerated and inadequate To make descriptions unnecessary for us.

According to the content, Fig. I is a half, Fig. 11 is a quarter Thaler, Fig. HE but more as a dime than as an eighth of a thaler to designate. The half that lies in the local royal coin cabinet Thaler or half-guilder groschen, as used by J. and A. Erbstein (Cat. Seh. No. 4271) also called, weighs 15.4 grams; less well-preserved quarter thalers there and in others here Collections weigh 5.7 — 6.5 grams, while the dimes, that I have seen vary between 2.75 and 3 grams.

Different stamps are available:

1st quarter Thal er without J. Av. OTTO HEINR 7 PHILIP * COM * PAL * RENI * Rev. IN » INFERI 7 S VPER * B AVA * DVCE 7 FRAT * — Otherwise like v. Sallet XI p. 110, Fig. IL size 28. Weight 6.5 size. E. Coin box Munich.

2. Likewise. Avei*s like v. Sallet Fig II. Reverse like before. Size 28. Weight 5.7 6r. K. Coin cabinet Munich.

3. Groschen or eighth thaler without J. Av.

RBNI o;o;o Rev. 7 INFBR'— 7 oSVP'.B — S^VOe'. — 7 • FRIET — Otherwise as v. Sallet Fig. IIL size 24. Weight 3 sizes E. Coin Cabinet Munich.

Due to the existing stamp differences is the original purpose of these original coins as Coins and money made clear enough. But it is more as likely that the growing interest in coinage history of the young Palatinate, over time, additional varieties and will bring to light archival evidence.

IL

The operation of the Mint in Neuburg appears to be in operation was discontinued soon after 1506. Only in In the spring of 1515 the manifestations there are like the following Document clearly states, started again.

The coat of arms of Neuborg u. d. Coins of Otto Heinrich or Philip. 137

“I confess and do Eunth to Martin Lerch Mint Master With this letter I would like to say that your highness is high-born Prince and Duke Fridrich Pfallzgrav near Rein vnd Dukes in Baim, the high noble princes and Mr Otthainrich and Mr Philips also attended Ffallnzgrave Pure and Dukes in Bairn brothers, appointed guardians my the gracious Lord has been kind to me and has come to terms with me, in his grace at Neuburg to coin gold and silver like that His grace will command me to do this at all times and to such an extent as written below. First of all the gold so I his Princely grace coins will echo eighteen ridges four or five green and no less than the Herzog Wilhelm mix in Bairn or Salzburger gülden unforgettable, and the as much on the margh as the Ghur prince on the Rein was golden. Namely, a hundred and seven on one and a half comunian margh, that thut Viennese eighty-six guilders or on Nuremberg margh three and seventy guilders. This is how the silver coins are supposed to be called the penny, the four cruisers rang out, echoed seven lots fine two pfennings less or more and ains and seventy, ains less or more in ain Viennese margh geen. Item the size For two cruisers, seven lots should be fined for two pfennings less or more and a hundred and forty-three or four and forty ains less or more unforgettable on a Viennese margh geen or the mentioned pennies or groschen should refer to that Korn immortal like the Herzog Wilhelmischen, Augspurgischen coined at any time and echoed no less. item Pfenning shall ring loudly like the most coined Augusts. burger five lot ain quintet two Pfenning lesser or mer and shall three and fifty or four and fifty unforgettably ains lesser or more in a Viennese lot geen. Item etc Hallers should always echo like Augsburg. Haller three lot two pfenning less or mer vnd should four and sixty unforgettable ains lesser or mer on a viennese lot geen, and shall receive his princely grace from the margh of gold fine to have victory treasure, in places ains gülden, and from the margh

188 J-V. KuU:

Silver fines of all the prescribed monks, a shilling in gold. — Giving is on Sunday Lätare in the yassten The birth of Christ is all numbered a thousand and five hundred fifteen years.^' (K. general Reichsarchiv Munich).

The mint master Martin Lerch—Lori (collection of the Bavarian. Coin law) Lorch read by mistake - we already know the mint, which was rebuilt in 1508 Known from Straubing. Those mentioned in the above document Oulden, Batzen, Halbbatzen, Pfenninge and Heller are available and known to me:

Guilders from 1515 and 1516. Four field. Bayem Shield — Madonna with the Child. Drawing and dim. divorced. Exter I, p. 38. Cat. Schulth. No. 4272.

Batzen from 1515 — 1525 all years. Left-sighted person Lion (from the beholder), — two shields, in the first the lion, in the other the diamonds, above that the Year, bottom N. Many varieties. See Schratz, who Coin discovery from Neunstetten.

Halbbatzen or Gröschl v. 1515, 19, 23, 24, 25. Lion — Diamond shield with the year above it. Scratch. 1. c.

Pfenninge without J. OHP, underneath between florets N — Building sign.

Such one-sided things. Divided coat of arms. Lion, buildings

including N. Brighter. N — diamond shield.

On a large scale it became chunks, less half chunks minted The guilders of 1515 leave the Rhenish ones from 1516 recognize the Hungarian or Salzburg type.

In 1517 there must have been a reason To make a change in the form of the gold guilders. But so far only the two vintages mentioned above are known, then the following one from Lerch is probably drawn lapels were no longer used. This The document essentially reads: — namely that the markh

The coat of arms of Neuburg u. d. Mflnces of Otto Heinrich and Philipps. 139

fine gold three and twenty degrees three green yngeverlich two green minder or mer or sovil all the Sallzburgers, ynge- 1,000 guilders were minted in this current year are echoed should vngeverde. And we should put up yngarian guilders in Nuremberg and sixty, and in Viennese eighty guldin yngerisch yngeverlich aines half guldins less or just got it. I am also his princely grace's guardian from ainer yedlichen markh viennese to give victory treasure

fifteen Kreuzer Neuburg in The Martini Episcopi

Christ was born fifteen hundred and in the seven-toed year^' — (K. general Reichsarchiv Munich).

What caused Martin Lerch's employment relationship? I don't know if it ended in 1521. In the same way years, Count Palatine Friedrich appointed Conrad Gruber similar conditions as his predecessor as mint master in Neuburg. The document names as a witness: 'JDiepolt Keis Secretari and Hanns Follner Canzleyschreiber — Give Neuburg on Sunday Lätari in the worst of Christ's birth, everyone pay a thousand five hundred and in the one and twentieth year.^^ (K. general Beichsarchiv, Munich.)

As a result, § 26 of the Imperial Farewell to Nuremberg in 1524 and the Reichs- According to the coinage regulations, Neuburg stopped the coinage, alone with the same reluctance as the emperor's entire coinage system Carl V was accepted by the southern German estates. Because of this, Palatinate-Neuburg had a coin issued starting in 1527. variety, which has the value of ten kreuzers = 3 2Va Batzen represented, but with the wording of the dining lingering agreements have nothing more in common than that they are the same circumscribed with the name and title of the emperor and with the Double eagle is provided. These tens, like us the coins want to call:

Av. OTH ♦ 7 PHI ♦ CO! (she) ♦PA*RE»D*BA* FRA + In a round border of the 4 fdd. bayem shield, above it “N”, next to it the divided year.

140 J.V. KuU:

Rev. KAROLVS o RO o IMP o SEMP o A VGVS — The crowned. Double eagle. With round dot marks on both too Pages available. Size 29. Grams 5.5 As far as I know, there are 1527, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33. They are often and erroneously referred to as quarter thalers and Doppelbatzen, but relate to the “place^^ like 10 to 15, while their real value is two and a half Batzen is.

We are looking for a reason for its creation among the Esslingen determinations in vain. These tens fit the bill in a convention which Bavaria, Palatinate-Neuburg, the bishops from Augsburg and Eichstädt, the cities of Augsburg and Ulm on December 11, 1533 in Augsburg, — Lori 1st c. I, P. 166 — their provisions regarding coins that are minted should, but had already been in practice long before such were sanctioned by the contracting estates in Augsburg. Just like Palatinate-Neuburg its tens » 2^2 Batzen, Hesse the Dukes Wilhelm and Ludwig of Bavaria in 1530 a lot of their “Gröschr^ = half a chunk, coin.

Those involved wanted to go through this convention in Augsburg Mint lords, who are actually popular in southern Germany, half and bring the whole chunk back into its own. The passage our convention: “And after several hours in the empire only Patzen and Gröschlein can be left alone to coin coins The pawns should be 70 to a Nuremberg mark in salary 8 Loth, beaten, also taken'' had the consequence that with the year 1533 several works Batzen exactly like those were struck at Neuburg from 1515-1525, of which the royal Coin cabinet in Munich three stamps - differences possible - lie.

A thaler from 1529, the Exter I, p. 40 to Lilienth. completely Th. C, p. 484, Köhler M. B. Vni p. 24 and Arends M. B. I haven't seen the description on page 68 yet. —

After 1533 there are coins with the inscription of the two princes and of Otto Heinrich both as Count Palatine

The coat of arms of Neuburg and the monsens of Otto Heinrich a. Philips. 141

as Elector of the Palatinate alone, not to my knowledge more known. Well appointed Otto Heinrich on April 19, 1539 the master Michael Weinolt to his goldsmith and coin maker wardein for ten years, just from the wording of von Weinolt Signed and sealed comprehensive document is closed it can be seen that this position is mainly “umb the work of white silver, schissein, tällem, pechem, candlesticks and the like. Item work of gold which is particularly and is melted - waste from chains or other work acted so harder'* while it was because of the Wardein office means: “We have sovereignty over Kurtz or Unng gold or silver Wergh coins and Ime an order which he the same Wardeins ambt wallen soU, were delivered that he everything then follow such order with faithful diligence at all times come and do volg and whereU/' (K. general Reichsarchiv.) It would not be impossible for Weinolt to also be one of the those masters of the goldsmith's art can be counted, the one in relation to commemorative coins and medals created such wonderful things during this time period.

Munich. J.V. Kuli.

MtMkrill for Bwmfawtik XIV. 10

£me &riippe of HyronP

“Among the characteristics from which it can be concluded that on the coin image is a copy of a publicly displayed art The safest thing is where the work of art is present brought into the architectural framework; another Feature forms the representation of the figure on a special Baals," says Dr. R. Weil in this magazine XIU, 1885, p. 404.

The accuracy of this publication is confirmed by the statesmen of City of Side, on which Athena - as soon as she sees the Nike on the Hand carries, the lance is placed next to her and Apollon the Reverse side leans on the laurel tree - on a base or Plinth stands') because it is then such an exact copy of the Parthenos of the Fbeidias is, as the die cutter, the small ratios one coin allowed.

These are the examples of a later style on which the

1) BUu, Zeitacbr. d. D. Uorgenl. OeBelUchaft IX pp. 69-91, plate I, 1—11- Two copies and the abguas of a third are dead with me. Dms LuyneB SfttnpieB, pl. in, 5, 6; VII, 5 the base ta appears to be missing, but this is true Ml the preservation of these specimens.

J.P. Six: A group of Myron? 143

Apollo on the back sometimes with a chiton and a* is dressed in a coat^); such an unusual phenomenon that I have often asked myself whether Alexander the Great isn't here, who was in Side in 333'), is depicted as ApoUon. about his In any case, these staters are shaped by time.

On the older staters of the city, from the first half of the 4th century, where the goddess is usually the owl and only rarely The Nike wears on his hand, the base is missing because it belongs to the artist not an exact copy of a famous work of art to do was.

From this observation I would like to conclude that if on a rare stater from Mallos of the lion-strangling Heracles is placed on a basis, we on a, then famous, if Publicly displayed work of art that was previously unknown to us can conclude what the only customer is through this received coin. What is meant is the following stater:

Heracles naked and unbearded, on a base or standing on a column capital, seen from, bows turn to the right with both arms around the Nemean To choke Lion who jumped up against him and the paws on his left leg and his right arm hit. Next to his right foot the directed club') and ^^SXmtwf, pearl circle. Rf. The king of Persia, recognizable by the spiked crown, rushing to the right, the bow in the left hand, in the right holding the lance. In the field on the left is a grain of barley.

IBl. 5. 10.40. Mus. Hunter p. 185; Dutens Expl. p. 28 PI. I, 6;

Mion. p. VII, p. 226 No. 285; Imhoof Annuaire Soc. Ms. d. Num. VH, 1883, p. 109 PI. I, 29.

1) Blue 1. c. T.I, 11; Loynes 1st c. pl. Vn, 5; Mflnxk. in Berlin, Czech Republic. 1 Well. X, 1883, T. I, 4, and the woodcut. above; my collection.

2) Ariann's. Anab. I 26, 4. *Ali^ay^(fOi de ini Jidtif jm. — xmaXtnw di ^p^ov^cy ir JSidp n^fopi* in* JSvXXtor.

3) In the original, the club probably lay where the monk aimed it aeigt

10*

144 J-P-Six:

■

10.39. Mus. Pembroke II, T. LXXV, Catal. No. 1015; Mion. III p. 591 No. 248; Leake, Asia p. 80. — Both with postmark.

10.40. coin box Berlin, Sallet Magazine. f. Number XIV 1886, P. 14. Wooden cbn. above.

10.25. My collection. Both top postmarks.

As Imboof realized, this stater is shortly after Peace of Antalkidas, 387, minted.

At the same time you find the same group, except that... Lion puts the left hind leg on the ground - because the Base missing - , on the rare coins of a Cypriot king, whose unclear name I read as Da-mo-ni'-(kos). and who seemed to have ruled in Cition, around 374 - 368'). Since then, a stater of Baalram, father of Milikiaton, was discovered*), I would like the Demonikos from 387 - as the Athenians under Ghabrias the Euagoras invaded the entire island threw ') - to rule until approximately the death of Euagoras in 374 leave, and give the years 374 - 368 to Baalram. Then they are similar depictions of Heracles strangling the lion in Mallos and Cyprus also at the same time.

We meet this Oruppe another time well-known coins from Heraclea in Italy and here seems the type of being naturalized by a stamp cutter, whose name begins with $ and who, as Foole recently said, shows ^), an Athenian or at least an artist from the Attic

1) Num. GhroD. 1882, II p. 91; ReYue num. 1883, p. 334 No. 42, 43. Number 41 belongs to Baalram. On the p. 287 No. 24 described stater is ThfAoxttQ^^oi instead of Jafjiovi, xaatys. TO read and the relationship of Demonicus and Nikocles are therefore not attested.

2) Beyne num. 1884, p. 290 Vign.

3) Diodorus. XV, 2; Nepos, Khabr. 2. Ghabrias fecit idem Gypri, sed publice ab Atheniensibus Enagorae adjutor datus neque prius inde discessit quam totam insulam beUo deyiceret.

4) Num. Chron. 1883, III p. 269-277. pl. XI. For Heraclea could one also thinks of the artist who draws with A and a little owl, K. Münzk. 1873, T. VIII, 526.

A Grappe of Myron? 145

school, which, at the end of the 5th century, for Thurioi - where- He was attracted by the colony sent out by Athens like - , for Neapolis, Terina, Pandosia, Velia and Herakleia the wonderful types that are reminiscent of the best works of art that exist were once created and admired in Athens.

Also Athena sitting on the prora, on the coins of the Demonicus, is a reminiscence of the balustrade of the Nike temple in Athens ^), as well as the lovely Niken, which the coins of the Terineans adorn. So I have no concerns also Heracles fighting with the lion for Athens in to claim.

The question now is which of the well-known artists... 5th century the original - certainly a bronze work, there it can hardly be carried out in Jiarmor - with some probability ability can be attributed.

Since the staters of Side, which the Parthenos on one Based on this, they are almost a century younger than that gold-ivory temple image of Pheidias, so can he Heracles the Stater from 387 CE, already around the middle of the 5th century, even more so than the lion- choking Heracles standing almost exclusively on black-figure vases seems to occur') and, as far as I know, on red- figures are hardly found^). The coins of Syracuse and Other cities show him, after 400, mostly in a kneeling position. He also appears in this posture in Hallos, like I have yennuthet^), around 387, just before the described Stater was minted.

1) Kekul^, The Reli£B on the balasirade of Athena-Nike, 1881, p. 1 vig., p. o.

2) Jahn, Vasens. in Monchen No. 634, 645, 886, 1328; Furtw&ngler, Yasens. in Berlin No. 1720 (Exekiaa).

3) Fnrtwängler, 1. c No. 2882 (with reliefs). The description is correct to the Monsens.

4) Num. Chron. 1884, IV p. 157. Imhoof, Annoaire 1. c. p. III, 45 pL VI, 30. The grain of barley in the field of several staters shows how Arrange row sn. Imhoof; Num. Magazine XVI, 1884 pp. 282-284.

146 J-P* Six:

There is hardly any choice among the Attic artists.

The motif, the composition, the truth of nature, as well as that Striving, the highest effort of which a person and a Thier are able to express everything points to Myron.

We know how prized his animals were; several Pictures of Heracles are mentioned by him without us However, an idea emerges from these too short expressions. can see how the hero was depicted.

The time of Myron cannot be determined precisely. Pliny puts it at 420 and that date may be anything refer to his works; but it is now generally accepted that that he had already been active several decades earlier').

However, this much can be seen from his well-known works, that he lived neither too early nor too late to give him a composition position like that of Heracles.

The metope on the Theseion shows where the fight took place with the Nemean Lion is depicted '), the lion in a significantly different attitude than on the coins mentioned, but the square frame of a metope requires a different scheme as a free-standing group, viewed from all sides wants to be, and if so, as claimed, not without reason the metopes at the Theseion were under Myron's influence may have arisen'), it is not proven that they are also composed by him, and even if this is the case would be an artist of the first order, as he was, if he for the second time the same motif in a different time, in a different time material and for other purposes, it never completely repeat unchanged according to the first scheme. Even more so There is an unmistakable similarity in Heracles' posture the metope weighs in with that of the coins.

1) Brann, Greek. Artist I, p. 142; Qverbeck, Gr.PlastikI, p.207; Mrray Gr. Scnlptore p. 213; L. Mitchell, Anc. Sculpture p. 291.

2) Monumenti d. Inst. d. Gorr. Arch. X, T. LVIII, 1.

3) Julius, Annali d. Inst. 1878, p. 202; Mnrray 1. c. p. 251; Orerbeck, L e. p. 347 ; Friederichs-Wolters, building blocks, 8. 249.

An Oroppe of Myron? 147

But enough of the guesswork on a site that is unfamiliar to me. offer. Whether the correct name is guessed, others who are in who are better versed in Attic art. Me was only interested in showing that the stater from Mallos The picture was probably given to us by someone who was there at the time. Erzgruppe praised one of the most excellent Attic sculptors of the 5th century^).

Just a guess that I gave to my son, Dr. J. Siz, ver- “Thank you,” I added Myron’s name.

1) Dionysus lying on his donkey can also be seen around 410-400 Tetradrachms minted in Mende indicate an Attic work of art. This is shown by an unedited silver coin, R, 2, in the Berlin Coin Cabinet, which seems to be the oldest coinage of Eoagoras L of Salamis, 410-376 On the front Dionysus as in Mende. In the recessed square On the back, the Nike, drawn in a strict style, has a tie that corresponds to the Frieze of the Parthenon could be taken.

Amsterdam, July 1886.

J.P. Six.

— i

)

Coin finder on the island of Gliios.

Plate VI.

But reports finds of ancient, especially Greek coins are rare and difficult to obtain, the following divisions about such a one made on the island of Ghios, I owe it to one of my friends in the Orient.

In the north of this island, about two hours from Eardamyli and between Oiesem and Yolisso, lies the small village of Pithyos. A shepherd from this village found a few years ago (that The exact date could not be determined) near the same in the stone rubble a small jug of red baked clay, almost filled to the brim with coins of the following shape:

5f»

The jug was without any drawing and had the following Dimensions: Height up to the strap 9 cm, with handle 10.75 cm,

Arthur Ubbecke: Coin discovery on the island of Ghlos. 149

The largest circumference is 20 cm, the smallest is below the edge 10cm. Its opening was lined with a fired tion ball 9 cm circumference closed.

The finder wants it and its contents for several years have kept, the latter consisted of which was discovered last year This was followed by a purchase by my friend of 50 silver and 170 small bronze coins: 1 tetradrachm from Ephesus, 2 like and 1 1 drachmas from Miletus, 1 1 whole and 4 half drachmas from Chios with a recessed square, 4 drachmas of the same island with Hagistrate names, 1 tetradrachm and I drachma of Kos, 1 semi- drachma of Rhodes, 1 tetradrachm and 11 drachma of the Haossollos and 2 drachmas of Pixodaros from Karlen, finally 26 bronze coins from Erythrae and 144 from Chios, whose description follows at the end.

There are a number of silver coins and some bronzes transferred to my collection and in the directory with ,ym. S.'', others have been given by Dr. Imhoof-Blumer in Winterthur acquired and I was pleased to co-publish it as far as possible. The silver coins are almost entirely stamped fresh, only a few are covered with horn silver in places Some of the bronze coins, on the other hand, are worn and bad preserved and in any case been in circulation for a long time.

The rarest pieces among them are the two tetra Drachmas from Miletus (Plate VI, 4 and 5) according to the Rhodian Fnss, the one purchased from Imhoof, the other from me, both beautiful Stylish and so far unedited. Same pieces with BPEMfiN Qr. li,— and eEOPPOPOE Gr. 14.15. (Fox) are located in the Berlin Ka- binet, the latter also in the catalog AUier de Hauteroche Tel XV, 8.

The drachmas from Chios are also particularly delicate Official names, including some of the drachmas of Miletus, as well as the Coins of Maussollos are distinguished by their beauty.

Our find is particularly interesting because of this Contains the Carian dynast coins that can be safely dated a conclusion about the age of the remaining pieces as well as the time allow burial.

150 Arümr L()bbecke:

The youngest of these coins are now the two drachmas of Pixodaros, which occurred in 334 or after Droysen (happened d. Hellenism I p. 210) 335 B.C. Died. There, like above noted, these, like almost all other silver coins, are fresh from the stamp This shows that they were at the time of burial were only in circulation for a short time, so they came soon after 335 bis 334 BC took place.

The overthrow of the oligarchy caused by the Macedonians in Chios 334 BC BC, the restoration of the same by the The Greek Memnon commanding the Persian fleet in 333 BC. BC, as well as the reconquest of the island by the Macedonians The following years were reason enough for the Ohians to bring their movable belongings to safety or the womb to entrust the earth.

Since these three years are finally a time of moderate calm followed for the island, so one can probably assume that that our little treasure in these very years of victory, i.e. 334 was buried until 332 BC.

Coin records.

Ephesus. M 21 m. Officer E« Bee.

R/. MENE^innO^. Yorder part of oneself looking around EQrsches r. behind it date palm tree 1 copy

Erythrae. 1. M 15 m.

Hf. Heracles head covered with lion skin right. RF EPY. APICTOKAH. Club and bow

in the quiver 3 «

Mflnzfiiiid on the island of Chios.

151

Erythrae. 2^15m. Hf. As before. B/EPY. APXENOY^. likewise.

3. M 15 m. HJ. As before.

RF EPY. (A)^KAHniAAH^. likewise 1

4. 1 & 14 m. Hf. As before.

RF EPY. rOPrißN. desgl., r. Drelfuss 6

5. 15 m each. Hf As before.

RF EPY. EYKPATH^. same, without tripod 1

6. JS 15 m. Hf As before.

RF EPY. IPPOAOXO^. likewise 1

7. M 15 m. Hf As before.

i2/. EPY. AAMEAflN. likewise 1

8. M 15 m. Hf As before.

Ä/. EPY. CTPATIflTHC also 2

9. M 15 m. J^. As before.

i2/. EPY. Chain and bow in quiver 3

10. M 15 m. Hf As before.

RF bow, quiver and club crossed 1

11. M 15 m.

Poorly preserved and illegible 5

Miletus. 1. iR24m. Gr. 15.20.

Hf head of Apollo with laurel wreath 1 RF Leftward striding looking around Lion, in front of it M, but to him an eight-pointed lig star. In section (A)HMAINO< 1 m. 8. Plate IV, 4.

2 examples

.j >

152 Arthur Lübbecke:

Miletus. 2. M23m. Gr. 15,—. ff/. As before. Rf. AHNAIO^. likewise.

Imhoof-Blnmer. Plate IV, 5. 1 copy.

3. M 15in. Gr. 3.52. ff/. As before.

RF. Lion as above. In section AAMNA^ 1 “

4. M 14 m. 3.64. ff/ As before.

R/ AHMAINO^. likewise 2

m.S.

5. M 14 m. Size 3.56. ff/ As before.

R/ eEYnPOrO(^). same 1 “

m. S. Plate IV, 6.

6. M 15 m. Size 3.64. ff/ As before.

R/ AEYKIPPO^ i.e. 1

m. S. Plate IV, 7.

7th JR 15 m. Gr. 3.64. ff/ As before.

R/AHNAIO^. same 4 “

Imhoof-Blumer plate IV, 8.

8. M 14 m. 3.63. ff/ As before.

R/ ^IMO.. same 1

m.S.

9. M 15 m. ür. 3.59. ff/ As before.

R/ (

Ghios. 1. M 14/15 in. (drachmas).

ff/ Winged Sphinx seated to the left, in front

her amphora above it a bunch of grapes 11 " R/ square, incus.

Coin box on the island of Ghios. 153

Chios. 2. M lOm. (hemidrachms). Hf. As before. Bf. 4 examples

S. M 15 m. Size 3.73.

Hf. As before.

ü/. Shallow recessed square, cross-shaped divided, on the Qner arm of the cross OEOTTK, the four surfaces dots 1 "

m. S. Plate IV, 1.

4. A U m. 6r. 3.66. Hf. As before.

RF eEYTT . . likewise 1

m.S.

5. M 14 m. Size 3.74. Ilf. As before.

Rf. ♦ANOKAH. same 1 “

m. S. Plate VI, 2.

6. M 14 m. Hf. As before.

R/. «ANOKA. likewise 1

Imhoof Blumer.

7. iB lim.

Hf. Seated Sphinx, in front of a grape.

Rf. AOHNAXIO^. Amphora. 9"

8. M lim. Hf. As before.

Rf. AnOAAfiXIoe. likewise 6

9. JE lim. H/. As before.

Rf. IHNfiN.XIO^. likewise 10,,

10th Jß 12 m. Hf. As before. Rf. HnK XIO^. desgL 13 "

154 Arthur Löbbecke:

Ghios 11. JE lim. Hf. As before. Rf. inniA^ . XIO«. also 6 examples

12. M lim. Hf. As before.

Rf. leCIMA XIO^. likewise 8,,

13. M lim. Hf, as before.

Rf. AYKOPXIOe. same 6 “

(One of these copies stamped, the name AYKOP on both sides same).

14. M 10 m. ff/. As before.

Rf. nE^I-XIoe. likewise 6

(One of the same stamped, on the ff/, across the Sphinx XIO<).

15. M 10 m. H/ Same as before.

R/ ♦lATH^XIO^. likewise 3

16. M 10 m. ff/ As before.

R/ ♦ITTA^XIO^. likewise 3

17. M 10 m.

ff/ Sphinx^ as before.

R/ Amphora between A and <. Pearl circle. 5"

18. iB 10 m. ff/ As before.

R/ Amphora without A <. Pearl circle 18 "

19. M 10 m. ff/ As before.

R/ same without pearl circle 18 "

MflDzfand on the island of Ghios. 155

Chios. 20. M 16 m.

Hf. Winged Sphinx 1. sitting, without grape.

22/ In a wreath of vine leaves and

Grapes a cross on the arms

same Arr^ • XIOC. 2 examples

Imhoof-Blumer and m. S. Plate IV, 3.

21. M 17 m. Hf. As before.

Rf. IKE^IO« . XIO^. same 1 “

m.S.

22. M 17 m. H/. As before.

Rf. IKEil XIO^ desgl. 3

23. M 17 m. Hf. As before.

Rf. I^TI . XIO^ desgl. 3 “

24. M 17 m. Hf. As before.

Rf. desgl. Writing illegible 3 "

25. M 10/17 m.

Poorly preserved and illegible specimens plate 26 "

Kos. 1. M 24m. Gr. 14.85.

Hf. Bearded head of Heracles with the lion skin covered 1. Rf. KfilfiN-AlfiN. Crab underneath club in a pearl square. 1

m. S. Plate VI, 9.

2, M 15 m. Or. 3.60 Hf. Heracles head as before. Rf. Female, veiled head 1. da- behind 10 below (K)filON. 1 m. p. Plate IV, 10.

w

»»

156

Arthur Löbbecke:

Rhodes. M (Hemidracbme) Hf. Helios head. RF Rose.

1 copy

Maussollos, dynast of Caria 377-351 BC. BC M 24 m. 15.15.

Hf. Apollo head with laurel wreath v. v. something r. turned to the neck from the buttoned robe. Rf. MAY^Ö2AA(0) Zeus of Labranda r.

standing. In front of him at his feet B 1 example.

m. p. Plate VI, 11.

2. A 15 m. size 3.67. Hf. As before. Rf. MAY^Ö2AA0. likewise with B

m.S.

1

3. M 14 m. Size 3.64. Hf. As before.

Rf. also without B, behind a wreath

m.S.

4. y » 15 m. 3.72.

Hf. Similar, but the head almost straight

V.V.

Rf. also without wreath

m. S. Plate VI, 12.

5. M 15 m. Size 3.72.

Hf. As before, apparently without a robe. Rf. also

m. S. Plate VI, 13.

6. JBi 15 m» Hf. As before. Rf. also

1

»1

»>

>i

»>

>»

MflDzfnnd aaf the island of Ohio.

157

Pixodaros Dynast of Karlen 340-333/4 y. BC

1. M 17 m. Size 3.75.

Hf. Apollo head with laurel wreath v. v.

something r. skillful. Ef. PIEfiAAPOY. Zeus of Labranda r.

standing 1 copy.

m. S. Plate VI, 14.

2. M 17 m. Hf. As before.

Ef. Similar. 1 “

Total: 50 Mj 170 EACH

Braunschweig.

Arthur Löbbecke.

faÜMMAfte

UV.

11

Some notes zn Garrucci's "Monete doli' Italia antica."

Garrucci's long-awaited work on the Italian coins are now available: an impressive volume in the largest Quarto format of 188 pages with 125 plates, of which the first 70 in lithograph the heavy money along with aes rude and aes signatum, the remaining 55 coins minted in copper engraving Italy included. Can be entitled to artistic treatment These images do not raise the loyalty in the repeat Gabe often leaves a lot to be desired.

The title promises a “raccolta generale”^, and that too brief preliminary remarks on the two departments The aim of the work is to create as complete a compilation as possible Positioning of Italian coins based on Carellf's model. Garrucci's book is certainly an improved one in some respects Garelli, and especially those preceding almost every single city sent historical and topographical comments not infrequently grateful contributions; In addition, the author the numismatic find notes more than has happened before, taken into account and gained a lot of points as a result has, which for certain questions, especially about the allocation of the heavy money, are of importance that should not be underestimated or can still be. Just a complete collection G. did not provide us with a work, a reliable book, No matter how big the shield on which he puts it is apotropaic words wrote “questo mio lavoro ha bisogno di molto per appagare tutte le brame e di tutti^' — he can

H. Dressel: Notes e.g. Oarrucci's "Monete dell' Itaua antica". 159

not entirely protecting him from various censures. Because “his Contempt for other people's achievements and his ignorance of foreign "dish literature", which an experienced connoisseur of Garrucci's to criticize work in the field of Christian archaeology had ^), also appear in this numismatic work quite noticeable and first explain the quite a few gaps, which the book contains. But also the way in which the author has processed the material in detail gives reason to many objections and many concerns.

The following remarks, which relate only to one small part of the book, i.e. h. on about 34 pages and not quite 10 tables are enough to give a verdict to give away the value of the entire work*).

1) F. X. Kraus in Janitscheck's Repertory f. Konstwissensch. IX (1886) p. 214.

2) In the same section I also have the following smaller ones Mistakes, incorrect citations, misprints, etc. noted.

The coin plate LXXXIII, 5 is erroneously labeled ae instead of ar. draws. — The Capuan ore coin plate LXXXVII, 1 is from Carelli plate. LXIX, 19 reproduced inaccurately (instead of the lightning bolt on the top of the wall gives Garrucci a pearl ornament). — On the same board are the images 16, 17 to change, d. h. the larger coin with 16, the smaller one to be designated as 17. — Likewise on plate LXXXYIII are those with 26 and 27 designated coins. — On the Frentrum coin (Plate XC, 26) the herald's staff behind the head of Hermes is omitted (also in the description) and in the inscription on both sides | given instead of h. — p. 73 n. 17 instead of “Fiorelli mon. ined.** read “Fiorelli osserv. sopra talune monete rare*^ — p. 79 in the introduction to Cales: not “Yittpria in triga*S but “Vittoria in biga”. — p. 80 in the introduction to Cumae Instead of “coi tipi campani”^ you should put “coi tipi cumani*” which is immediately followed by "T. LXXXI, 14*" instead of "T. LXXXIX, 14". — p. 81 n. 2 - 4 is “CataL 87, 116" to "Catal. 87, 11". — p. 81 from n. 5 to 11 and once on p. 82 it is written everywhere (J instead of ^. — p. 81 n. 6 is in the CiUt Fiorelli Ann. di numism. not 1876 but 1846. — p. 81 n. 13 and 14 the two quotations from Avellino are incorrect; one improves “Avellino op. n tav. 3, 3" and "Avellino op. II tav. 3, 2". — 8. 84 n. 6 instead of “Mi- nervini pag. 71" can be read "Minervini pag. 54*'. - p. 87 n. 15 is instead "tav. LXXIV" to read "tav. LXXXIV". - 8. 91 n. 21 says “una libra” mistaken for “una Utra”. — 8. 94 above is the one for 8ambon recherches

11*

160 B* Dressel:

Signia.

The strange mixture of Hermes and Perseus on the Plate LXXXII, 21 small silver pieces depicted from the collection The author's statement can only arouse suspicion. Whether double Imprint, whether poor preservation or otherwise playful Was it a coincidence that created that structure? Garrucci himself had to face this con- glomerate of such heterogeneous components; alone Hermes-Perseus is just there, and so nothing remains. All that remains is to state that “i Signini sono i soli fra gli antichi che facciano Mercurio in abito di Perseo" (p. 74).

The tiny, "until now nobody noticed^^ A, that GaiTucci on the Kf. of this like the usual coin Found the head of Hermes isn't exactly very attractive either. inspiring trust. Has the small one, also on one copy The signs present in the Berlin collection have any significance at all. interpretation, and is it not rather through some kind of injury of the stamp, it could only be used for one Hold arrowhead.

Aquinas. In Aquinum the usual type is missing (cock right, in front Aipiino clockwise); This is what the rarer varieties are used for of the same (Plate LXXXII, 30-32), this one not entirely either Exactly, at least the text and the illustration do not match: at n. 32 the star is missing in the field, and while after the Description on n. 30 should be “un astro e la lettera C^' is not present in the picture of this C and is probably based on an error at all.

Also new, but incorrect, is the remark that on the Coins from Aquinas depicted a crowing rooster the author also on the coins of Neapolis, Suessa, Gales,

Cited page number not 46, 47 but 160, 161. — p. 94 n. 14: instead of “TaY. 81 n. 7" should be put "Tav. 84 n. 7*S - p. 95 n. 22, 23: instead of "nella quäle moneta*' read "nella quäle manca". — p. 97 in the introduction to Irnum Eckhel's citation to I, 119 is to be improved.

Some remarks on Garrucd's “Monete delP Italia antica'^ 161

Caiatia, Venafrum, Telesia, Teanura introduces. At Garrucci's Plate LXXXII, 32, however, the rooster crows on the coin but he keeps quiet, just like everyone else's cock Campanian coins are certainly not depicted crowing.

Suessa. Two comments on the coins of Suessa, which the Author to present and emphasize himself with particular care has made an effort, as can be seen on closer inspection Avellino*) back: I mean the correct interpretation of the on the Kf. of the silver piece depicted rider as desultor and the Try replacing the word prboum or probom with “probum aes, metallum'' to explain. By the way, whether with this declaration of the prboum, probom on suessan coins and the associated provided propom of the Benevento copper pieces is the right thing It seems to us that it can still be doubted that it was hit). Because in all of Gampania it is only in Suessa that it is necessary should have considered the coin - and not even once the silver money, but only one among the various those copper types — to be described as “legally recognized”^; that in Suessa you can use the word prboum, probom ^ in Benevento, on the other hand, expressed it through propom^); that you have one Such a designation in Suessa on the front, namely as put an inscription in front of Hermes' head, just like that in Aesernia Voleonom in front of the head of the young vul-

1) Sappl. ad Italiae vet. num. S.S; see Carelli p. 18.

2) Apart from the things stated in G. I. L. 1 p. 9, which are not very valid substantive concerns.

3) The change of b and p would not be unheard of: cf oikisch embratuTf Latin vmperalor, p&lign empratois. But it could here It even comes into question whether there is really propom on the Benevento coin SU is reading. The writing is distributed so that at the top ^0A^) at the bottom between

the horse's legs PKP stands; with the same right as you

that connects zQ propom, one could also use Bm{. , . .) Read IVo{ ).

(t^ Combe, vet pop. nnmi 8. 20).

can - all of this is so conspicuous that one has reservations about it cannot probably suppress the correctness of the interpretation.

At n. 39 G. has two very different varieties mixed together. Because the type “Apo]lokopf 1. (in G. erroneous essentially to the right, but correct in the illustration), behind it O — Bull wreathed by Nike, in the section JVBANO" has with the- the one on which under the bull IZ or P and behind There is a changing letter on Apollo's head telling him to do nothing: This one doesn't have the inscription on the KJ, ^ but on the VJ, in front of the head of Apollo, which the author did not even say in a word mentioned.

About the crowing rooster on plate LXXXIII, 1 see above p. 160.

Aurunca.

Concerning the Oscan coin, which was given to Aurunca I regret that due to the absence of those from Naples prayed prints (cf. p. 1 69) that are necessary for an investigation not having agile material at hand.

Oamicci has discussed three copies (pp. 78 - 79) and pictured (Plate LXXXUI, 2 - 4): one from Eircher'sche Collection (n. 2), the Londoner (n. 3), a copy of the collection lung Santangelo (n. 4). The ones from him based on the Eirchcr'schen Exemplar^) once given reading AurunUm is replaced by the offered by the other two copies ^N>|NVff1N (according to the illustration) or MWMM^O^N (after the text; “dove sembra che vi sia T I in monogramma colF Ml^') somewhat supported'); In any case, this is based on the previous reading of the Londoner Example-based form Aurankud (Cat. of Greek coins in the Brit. mus., Italy, p. 75).

1) Cf. the illustration in Bull. arch. napolit. n. s. I (1852) plate IV, 4 with the one now given on plate LXXXIII, 2.

2) See also Fiorelli, Cat. Santangelo n. 600. 601 .

Some remarks in Gamicci's »^Monete dell' Italia antica'^ 163

But we have the name of the city on these coins Anronca? I limit myself to pointing out here that the copy of the Berliner, which is, however, very poorly preserved Collection //////// V>I>IN, i.e. h. Akdu...seems to offer. This one Reading is correct, at least in the first two letters, agree with those who Friedlaender, osk. Coins p. 63 (“maybe Akkri or Akuru^^) gave. The K is confirmed second, then Aurunca is over.

There is also one about the second Oscan word on this coin Remark necessary. Oberliefern is next to Makdüs (according to the Londoner and Berlin copy and Garrucci n. 4) also Makkiis with the secondary form MaalcldiB% has two different names, which would correspond to the Latin Maddius and Maccius. It is clear that the coins are not now one, now that can offer other names, but only one of them; because where, as here, the difference is on a single, one Confusion of so easily subjected letters {A and >|) is based, the alleged difference is likely to be incorrect reading. The Berlin copy is closed bad to be able to determine anything from it; against it there is the plaster cast of the London specimen, which I have of goodness thanks to Mr. Head, what seems to me to be a completely safe one ^II>I>|N^N'). Makkiis with its completely correct secondary form MaakkÜB (kt. Maceiw) is probably the one on these coins alone occurring name.

It would not be unimportant to determine whether these strange The coin also has an inscription on the Vf. in front of the Apollo head. had writing: Garrucci pointed in the Bull. arch. napol. n.s. I p. 65 offers one with the words “leggenda svanita” (cf. ' ibid also p. 66 second Golnmne), in the description of the the same example in his new coinage (n. 2). nothing mentioned about it

1) Cf. Garmeci n. 8 mid his Storia di Isernia 8. 185.

2) This is the illustration of this example in Nnmism. chronicle 1871 Tai. Yl, while in the text (8. 166) Mahdiu is read.

154 B-Dreasel:

Aesernia.

Here too, in the type “eagle with snake” the . ordinary coin with the inscription Aüemio passed over; there- Garrucci gives us two varieties of the same type [At]8emwm and [A{\8emim (Plate XC, 17. 18). Both pieces the author had already published it in his Storia di Isernia and wants to have seen it ourselves so that we can believe in its existence and thus believe in the form Aüemiom until further notice have to.

At n. 21 it should be noted that it is not Nike who does this It's Zeus who hurls lightning; further, that also on this type above the horses the small wing figure with the wreath in his hands floats, the Garrucci only mentioned in the preceding number.

By the way, is this little figure really Nike, as in general is accepted? Above the team of the fighting gods However, Nike fits her father perfectly, and she is one too. doubtful, those on the copper coins of Capua and on the well-known silver pieces with the inscription Roma next to it Zeus appears directing the horses as he hurls lightning. Just me cannot be seen in the small figure of these Aeserninian coins to recognize the long-clothed female being like Nike, I just see a naked, male creature, a boy with small^) wings ^ yes probably Eros.

Why Garrucci the next strange piece n. 22 under Aesernia is not clear to us. Because it stands on the coin really [CA]IATINO (Garrucci once read [CA]WTINO, cf. his Storia di Isernia p. 177, 197 and the plate), so heard them despite the purely Aesernine type ^ to Gaiatia. Examples for type borrowing are particularly common in Campania; but

1) Nike, on the other hand, is characterized by very large wings 1) Whether the figure driving the chariot is really Nike and not him lightning strolling Zeus is?

Some remarks on Garracci's "Monete dell' Italia antica". 165

a borrowing like the one here, anywhere besides the picture nor the inscription Volcanom from the other city is taken is at least strange, and we can this coin only with a certain distrust consider.

Venafrum.

Garrucci certainly deserved the Venafrum power: he once wrote "Venafro illustrato coli" aiuto delle la- pidi antiche", a book that he returned to soon after it was published sought to remove from the world, now he points for this city a coin with an Oscan inscription after (Plate LXXXVIII, 17). The shape [V]enavrum is from Garrucci, who made the coin itself owned, hopefully read correctly; the type is this ordinary Campanian: Apollo head 1. (before the inscription) ~ Bull with a human face crowned by the Nike.

A second coin (Pallas head - rooster, with the Oscan Legend Veinav), which was already mentioned by Combe (Plate 62, X). The city of Venafrum was divided, but by Millingen (consid. p. 206) for one of the usual pieces by Cales, Teanum, Suessa was explained, in which the inscription caused a change due to oxidation change, is now replaced by a new one, to Etruria (Fiesole) that came into the publisher's collection. confirms (Plate LXXXVIII, 18).

Alliba (AUifae).

The author shares the coins with the inscription Alliba and Allibanon like an otherwise unknown sea town and far to Cumae and only takes that for the inland city of AUifae both coins with Oscan and Greek-Oscan writing claimed. Meanwhile, see my comments in Hist. and philologist. Essays, dedicated to Ernst Gurtius, p. 250 ff.

The description given under n. 37 does not correspond of the coin shown on plate LXXXIX, 37: this (Pallas-

166 H. Dressel:

head r. — Triton r.) is rather completely overshadowed in the text. gone ^).

At n. 38 — on the vf. Garrucci reads AM^IBAN . . , instead of the AI^MBA that has been handed down so far - the author is quite right noted that the Scylla is 'bicipite'^ formed, also on the The entire double face is an example from the Berlin collection clear; Only on her right is not a dolphin, but a dolphin Snail shell (see also the London specimen).

It seems to us whether the bearded head at n. 41 is safe very questionable; in all likelihood it is one of the numerous wild specimens with that of three Apollo's head surrounded by dolphins.

A peculiar feature is shown on numbers 38-41 Pieces the fifth letter of the inscription (B) everywhere as 8, d. h. rendered as Oscan /, while always in the text B is set correctly. It almost seems as if Garrucci once did thought of giving all these coins to Allifae and engrave the Oscan 8 on the board for love of this dispensation let.

Fistelia. When the editor of a book states in his foreword clarifies, some things not used due to lack of language skills, to have only made use of what was available to him has come, he obviously expects it not to be given to him be angry if you find a sensitive one somewhere in your work finds gap. So we certainly shouldn't blame him about the fact that when it comes to Fistelia, he doesn't have Friedlaender's basic legendary book about the Oscan coins, nor the Reviewer's comments on the ubication of Fistelia'): Both are written in a language “unknown” to him and

1) Whether this coin without an address belongs in this enclosure could, by the way, be discussed still be doubted.

2) Nnmism. Contributions from the grave field at Piedimonte d'Altfe, in Hist. and phiiol. Essay dedicated to Ernst Curtius p. 251 ff.

Some comments on Garrncci*« “Konete dell'Italia antica”. 167

It probably didn't come into his hands. All of this should at least we believe; but in fact it is the case that's it. Because Friedlaender's book, which is now in the rare category In cases where it happens, it is usually only mentioned secondhand was very well known to the learned Jesuit priest: He had already used it in 1852 and completely reasonably understood (cf. Bull. arch. napolit. n. s. I p. 65 ff.); So what prevented him from selling it again for a fee? worth? Then what the reviewer's comments about fistelia As far as this is concerned, these were also in Bom through separate deductions gets into the hands of people who are responsible for the person responsible It is not a mistake to draw attention to this in the new coin book should have. There can hardly be any doubt at all, that Garrucci both Friedlaender's introduction to the section about fistelia as well as my suggestion, fistelia at the border of Samnium and Campania, quite attentively has read through. Of course Friedlaender was not allowed to be quoted, because there it is printed right at the beginning of the introduction: “Avel- lino had the coins from Phistelia first to a Samnite City of Plistia given (opuscoli Theil HI page 86)'' and these Conjectur, which Avellino said very casually, now wanted once let Garrucci appear as his own. “Fra le aunt opinioni'' he also wrote on page 94 "delle quali ni- una si sostiene, my sia permesso di proporre una mia. Yh una cittä. . . che meritava piü che ogni altra essere rawicinata a fistlus, fistelia; questa 6 Plistia''. With Plistia comes Garrucci to the border of Samnium and Campania, and precisely that It was the Nitic-Campanian border area that I discovered as a result of numerous richer grave finds with fistula coins than that area had designated, into which the city of Fistelia quite well would fit (a.a. 0. p. 256). You can see how easy it is to cook rucci is appropriating other people's work and how skillful he is it knows how to create “new” conjectures in which already Views that have long been expressed with those that have also been made known Opinions get along so well with each other.