Zeitschrift für Numismatik, vol. 12 — 1885

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s

s

MAGAZINE

FOR

NUMISMATICS

REDIT

FROM

ALFRED OF SALLET.

THIRTEEN VOLUME.

BERLIN

WEIDMANN'S BOOKHANDLUNO.

1885.

Contents of the thirteenth volume.

Antiquity

Since«

Sallet, A. ▼., The acquisitions of the Royal Mfins Cabinet from

Years 1884. (Plate lU). (Including the Middle Ages) 60

Menadier, J., The numismatic legacy of the Tarian Legions. 89

Caland, W., A new gistophore 113

Friedenbarg, F., The ancient coins of the collection of the city of Breslau 130

Lambros, P., unedited coin from the Cretan city of Naxos .... 125

Imhoof-Blumer, F., Contributions to Greek coinage. (Plate lY.) 128

Hultsch, F., An Egyptian gold ring with value mark 183

Pick, B., On the titulary of the Flavians. I. The title of emperor of Titus. 190

Sachs, H., Achilleus and Domitius 239

StüTe, C, additions to ▼. Sallet's ^The dates of the Alexandrian imperial

coins* from the Osnabrück municipal collection 245

Drexler, W., comments* on some coins by Cohen, Mionnet et al. 259 Drexler, W., About a coin of Julian the Apostate with Isis and

the Sirius dog and some other monuments relating to Isis-Sothis 299 Pick, B., On the titulary of the Flarians. II. The Consulates of Domitian as

Caesar 855

Weil, R, The Dionysus of Praxiteles in Elis 884

Middle Ages n« a«

Bahrfeldt, £., The Marschwitz Bracteate found (Plate I. II.) 1

Friedl&nder, E., Gottfried Leygebe 88

Schultz, A., coat of arms stone and coin iron cutter, mint master and

Wardeine in Breslau documents 48

Friedensburg, F., The Krossen Bracteate 142

Friedensburg, F., On coinage in the Middle Ages 147

M-o^^^lY

lY Contents of the thirteenth volume.

Page

Menadier, J., The oldest coinage of Hanno?er (Plate Y.) 151

Menadier, J., Groschen and Hohlpfennig of the city of Hanover ?om

Years 1482 177

Meyer, A., Brandenburg-Prussian coinage, which refers to the African

Possessions 1681-1696 relate to 251

Menadier, J., The Yierlings of the City of Braunschweig 314

Dannenberg, H., Did the Middle Ages know commemorative coins? 322

Menadier, J., This year's Bracteatenfnnde (Plate YI. YII. YIII.) . 330

Menadier, J., Croppenstedt, a mint of the abbots of Corvei. . . 343

Dannenberg, H., The denarius find from Pammin 389

Smaller contributions.

Kuli, J. Y., The coat of arms Ton Neuburg 248

Jaekel, H., coin find from Kossowo 248

Sallet, A. ▼., correction to the coin of Reinald von Brederode . 400

Literature.

Friedensburg, F., 401

Imhoof-Blnmer, F., and P. Gardner 403

Loffelholz V. Kolberg, Baron W, 405

Menadier, J., 407

Meyer, A., 409

Schlumberger, G., 410

Misprint corrections 413

^ •• *'.-.

f^

The Marschwitz Bracteate found.

It's actually an old acquaintance who in the following years should be dealt with in the following pages. Already in the year In 1877 he worked in a sand pit on the Marschwitz manor saw the light of day near Ohlau, and also a baptismal The certificate has already been given to him by Mr. Assessor Friedensbnrg 3. Volume page 243 of “Silesia's prehistory in words and Image* has been exhibited.

Meanwhile, Mr. Friedensburg has the discovery coming soon was shattered when it was found, only that part the same was presented to the Museum of Silesian Antiquity Thümer in Breslau was first received. It has the museum but later received a second part of the find and this one comes to me with the first one from the museum board with the most gracious willingness to process been left.

I also have a selection of bracteates from the find can check which the original owner of the same, Mrs. von Eicke on Marschwitz, had kept and finally Of course I also have parts of the find that are currently in this Royal Cabinet in Berlin and in the Count's collection Hoverden have transferred to Hünem, a screening subjected to treatment.

The above, as well as the fact that the peace Burg's essay may be little known, since the above-mentioned, especially Silesian magazine in numismatic circles, especially outside Silesia, is not widespread, — also

ZcÜMltfift for Hwaitmatik. XIIL 1

2 Emil Bahrfeldt:

the lack of the indispensable illustrations and finally the Necessity the essay mentioned, apart from the newly added coins, in some respects complete and correct, — are reason for the a revision of the find given here.

I spared neither effort nor time to get one To provide an overall overview of the find, and I believe I succeeded in this; because I have a total of 103 pieces Coins presented for examination. But since the find, too According to Mr. Friedensburg, barely 100 were intact Bracteates contain, so only very few pieces can be scattered, and it can therefore be assumed that me essential components have not been missed, at least not those that particularly alter the overall impression could.

What is striking is what may be mentioned here, that no coin was available in large quantities, but of most only one piece each and of a number only a pair of copies each. —

By now discussing the individual coins I'll start with those of the country of birth of our find

I. Silesia,

which is represented by nine types ^).

1. lOIi over an arch, under which a bar- main bust between point and branch seems.

0.13-0.22 Gm. 17-18mm.

7 copies plate I, 1.

Silesia's Prehistory, Volume III, p. 244, N. 1.

Mr. Friödensburg explains in Silesia's prehistoric times

third letter for a 7t, I counter the same,

after careful comparison of the individual pieces,

1) The variants marked a do not bind as a special type been counted.

The Marschwitz Bracteate found. 3

another, for a ti and one that is upside down. One Such a form of the ÜU (cf. the drawing) would be very strange. dend, but moreover it is on all published to date Look at such Silesian bracteates after Polish ones Type the abbreviation for Johannes not through Joa, but expressed by job or jobs, but with the form H.

The arch under the head only becomes the chest should mark, similar to No. 6.

la. Variant. The representation under the arch is

smaller and more delicate, but the font is larger

executed.

0.17 Gm. 16mm.

1 copy

2. A head above a wall strip, next to it on the left

Cross, right a number of sparks.

0.20 gm. 18mm.

1 eps. Plate I, 2.

Köhne, M^moires de la soci^t^ etc. de St. F^ters-

Bourg VI, Fl. XVI, 11th v. Saunna, Silesia's coins

and medals (3rd edition) plate I, 4.

I want the head for that of St. John

hold, although this may not necessarily be certain. Also

The cross may indicate the spiritual origin of the coin

indicate.

3. Bear-headed bust with falcon branch and crooked rod.

0.20 gm. 18mm.

1 copy plate I, 3.

Köhne, M6moires VI, PI. XVI, 7th v. Sauna plate I, 8. The crook secures the coin as such a spiritual friendly gentleman.

4. Standing man with nimbus, hands raised - kneeling piece — , next to it on both sides are letter-like ones characters.

0.19—0.22 Gm. 18mm.

6 copies plate I, 4.

1*

4 Emil Bahrfeldt:

First depicted, albeit inaccurately, Köhne, M6- moires VI, PL XVI, 8. Silesia's Prehistory No. 2nd v. Saurma plate I, 9.

5. Bust portrait with nimbus (?). Pearl border.

0.17—0.22 Gm. 17mm.

4 copies plate I, 5.

Silesia's Prehistory No. 4th B.C. Saurma plate I, 2.

5a. Variant with a narrower bust. The pearls of circle are smaller.

0.18 Gm. 16/17mm.

1 copy

It is doubtful whether it is connected to the head Standing arches ending in balls represent the nimbus should. What Mr. Friedensburg already pointed out can be pointed out, just as well be hair. At least that's the depiction unusual and reminiscent of the similar one on the bracteate Otto II of Brandenburg, Journal for Numismatics VII f, Plate m, 13.

6. Above a pearl semicircle a bust, bear-headed, between two large rings.

0.19-0.22 Gm. 17mm.

3 copies plate I, 6.

Silesia's Prehistory No. 3.

Whether this bracteate is identical to that of Köhne, Journal II, Taf X, 30 and StronczWski under type. 69, 308, as it almost seems, can I couldn't help but notice the inadequacy of those drawings. divorce.

7. One apparently in armor and wearing a balaclava covered bust, holding sword and flag. *

17mm. 1 copy plate I, 7.

Köhne, M6moires VI, plate XVI, 10th v. Saurma Plate I, 6.

The Marschwitz bracteate find. 5

8. Under a portal occupied by two birds helmeted head between two bars (?).

0.16 Gm. 18mm.

3 copies plate I, 8.

Silesia's Prehistory No. 5.

Unfortunately, all three copies of this coin are not complete clearly so that the objects on either side of the head cannot be clearly seen. Mr. Friedensburg says: scepter and flag, which I cannot confirm can. Rather, it seems to me that we have the same bracteate, the one in the M6m. de St. P6tersbourg a. a. 0. No. 1 off- is formed. However, there are two small bell towers in the latter drawn instead of the birds that are unquestionable on our coin. But there is a certain similarity between the two representations This is particularly the case with less severe explosions. clearly allows the interpretation of little towers. These alleged turrets are also at an angle, so entirely in the attitude of the two birds, and the two sparks or rings above the towers are probably just the curved beaks of the same. We can therefore both Probably see coins as identical. —

9. In a ring a head between two points. Useless characters instead of the transcription.

0.19 Gm. 18mm.

2 copies plate I, 9.

The coin is very vividly reminiscent of the Bracteat Köhne, M6moires a. a. 0. No. 4 = magazine f. Num. IX, plate IX, 1 = V. Saurma Taf I, 5, but deviates from this, apart from the inscription, mainly through the profile header, which is seems to be present here. Unfortunately, the two ex- The coin is not completely clear, especially inside the ring sharp, so that not every doubt remains A profile head also appears on the Bracteat Köhne, M6- moires No. 12, but the same one will be of Polish origin - I didn't see an original of this coin - while

6 Emil Bahrfeldt:

I consider our Bracteate to be Silesian because of the Pabrik equality with the similar ones cited above.

I don't want the head for John's, but rather for that of a duke, there are no connotations speak for the former. Although the transcription is almost like a wild LOhKKKGS may seem. —

We have to consider these nine coins as Silesian. They belong to those coins that are based on Polish Patterns struck and which we consider to be the oldest for Silesia are used to calculating secured bracteates. They are of fairly rough work, have a thin, easily breakable lich silver plate and must be in the end of the XII. year- be relocated in a hundred.

As far as their allocation to certain coiners or coiners As far as sites are concerned, positive certainty cannot be stated; yes can you No. 1 - 4 because of the inscription, regarding the Nimbus, cross, palm branch and crosier for the bishop thum Breslau. The lOh (KKKQS) is of course only to the patron saint John the Baptist, not to refer to a bishop of the same name.

No. 5 remains doubtful because the nimbus is not secured is. But I would rather give it to one of the Dukes of Lower Silesia, which also has the numbers 6-9 will be included when they join the diocese of Breslau. —

II. P 1 e n.

10. HHIVHiOcQX or

*MIiOc»x

Bearded head. 0.13 Gm. 18mm.

2 ExpL Plate I, 10.

Silesia's Prehistory No. 6.

The Marschwitz Bracteate found. 7

10 a. Variant with one more I and upside down S, therefore HHIVÜLO'^ or

♦MEüO'^ Otherwise as before. 0.20 gm. 18mm.

1 copy

The factory of this, the previous bracteates, especially since No. 9 the following piece is, like Mr. Friedensburg correctly noted, more Polish than Silesian. I'm not standing to complain about the same thing for Poland, where we have had similar formal characteristics such as B. Köhne, M6moires VI, plate XVII, 23, Stronczyriski page 45, fig. 5, ibid page 46, fig. 4 et al. find. There is also agreement with our No. 9 conspicuous; conspicuous; but here we will move on from the factory have to be guided by those who are more concerned with the latter secured Silesian of that time approaches, while No. 10 yourself leans more towards the Polish comrades.

I can't give an explanation for the transcription give. —

As with this bracteate, we will the factory, which in turn points more to Poland than to Silesia must be respected in the following.

11. Crowned head over a pearl arch; the whole thing surrounded by a circle of rays. 0.22 Gm. 18/19 mm.

1 copy plate I, 11.

Most likely we have the same thing in this coin Imprint before us as in Köhne, M6moires FV, plate XVI, 5 and probably also Köhne, Ztschr. II, plate X, 32 shown. The coin is also remotely similar with v. Saurma plate I, 12. I only had an impression of the coin in my hands.

III. Brandenburg

is only represented by a coin. But we will for this deficiency is compensated by the fact that the same has so far only is known in this one piece.

8 Emil Bahrfeldt:

That same thing on

Otto n., 1184-1205,

can be traced back and not to Otto I, for whom the At the time of our discovery it would still fit, is subject no doubt, all of the Bracteates of Otto II. ristic features that I have already discussed in the Viennese numismat. Magazine Volume XIII, p. 194, definitely apply here.

It is the following:

12. ö>=ÄR* OTO The armored and helmeted mark- count, sword and flag shouldered, between two Crenellated towers.

0.82 Gm. 23mm.

1 copy plate L 12.

Silesia's Prehistory No. 7.

Our coin joins the previously known bracteates Otto II, especially those of Daelie, Seelensdorfer and Boemencian find. In the coin image it comes close to this Bracteates of the second find, journal. f. Number IX, plate V, 9 closest. Your factory is that of medium-sized fonts bracteates of Otto n., especially those from Volume IX, Plate V, 2, 4 of the magazine. f. Num. and Viennese num. Magazine Volume XIII, Plate VU, 10^).

IV. Saxony.

Bernard, 1180-1212.

13. BeRN = HffiRDDVX Sits on an arch

1) When I got this bracteate a. a. 0. edited, I could because only one halved piece was available, with regard to the inscription it was only my fault pronounce muthang. The same has now been confirmed by: a flawless copy that came into my collection has the inscription OTTO=MffiRCIOO- reads.

The Marschwitz bracteate find. 9

armored and helmeted dukes worth sec and flag shoulders holding. An asterisk in the field on the left. 0.77 Gm. 22mm.

1 copy plate I, 13.

Silesia's Prehistory No. 8, but where the duke is mistaken is clearly stated as standing.

Nevertheless, the series of Bernhard coins are among the best most interpretive ones that we know of a medieval German princes know, so is the present bracteate but not yet represented in them; he is missing from the Elze's official work on the Bemhard coins. — Another stamp that does not have the Duke's name leads, is nevertheless justifiably attached to the same. Namely

14. DVX€T The helmeted and armored duke Boss to the right, with inlaid flag, its cloth is directed upwards.

0.82 Gm. 24mm.

1 copy plate I, 14.

Inscription f. Number V, Plate VIII, 4th Schles. Prev. No. 9. Elze n, plate I, 24.

The bracteate is first from Dannenberg to the above position was recognized. The ET, which is present specimen appears quite clear, is undoubtedly due to space due to lack of abbreviation for €ST, whose occurrence dates back to the Middle Ages Coins are not rare*). But the €T isn't there either unprecedented there. We find this abbreviation e.g. B. on the Bracteaten Ottos H. von Brandenburg with OTTO MKRHO ET Vol. Vra, plate m, 12 of the magazine f. Num. and sheets for Coin Friends p. 793, 12.

What the depiction of the Duke on horseback includes As far as the flag is concerned, one should not overlook what Dannenberg in the M6m. de St. P6tersbg. VI, p. 415 writes about it. —

1) cfr. Dannebergs AasfCÜmmgen in Köhne Ztschr. new series p. 293.

10 Emil Bahrfeldt:

I rank the following silent ones under Saxony Bracteates one:

15. Armored, balaclava-covered prince, flag and holding shield. Dashed circle.

0.75 Gm. 22mm.

1 copy plate I, 15.

Schles. Prev. No. 12.

With positive certainty this bracteate can be belonging to Saxony and to Duke Bernhard does not diminish show. The next question could be Brandenburg come. But the mint factory speaks decisively more for the former than for the latter country. Also the dash circle does not point to Brandenburg.

By the way, the bracteate is not identical to the ma- derschen II. Vers. Plate V, 82, as in Schles. said before, but can only be considered similar to it. Because on In the latter, the prince is also depicted without headgear He holds the flag completely differently than on our piece and the flag cloth is longer and has a different design. Rau plate II, 10 is similar. Possibly this one is identical to the Mader one.

V. M e i 8 s e n.

Otto the Rich, 1156-1190.

16. Between two Euppelthurm buildings of the baarhäupti gen, armored margrave bust with sword and Flag, underneath a large arch between the buildings.

0.63 Gm. 27mm.

1 copy plate I, 16.

To my knowledge, unedited so far. The bracteate is all- ding silent, but undoubtedly has Meissen origins his overall impression and is in the third quarter of the XII. century. He shows nicer work than the series of well-known Meissen bracteates from the last

The Marschwitz bracteates found. H

th quarter of the same century, which is known to Albrecht the Stolzen or Dietrich settled the oppressed. My access Sharing with Otto the Rich is therefore probably not daring.

Dietrich the oppressed, 1195-1227.

17. . . . D&R = I = CV*^ The one sitting on a bow Margrave, bare-headed and armored, sword and Flag shouldered.

26mm. 1 fragment. Plate I, 17.

Schles. Prev. No. 25.

Mr. Friedensburg has this bracteate in several ways misunderstood. What he considers a shield is this left knee of the seated person. Then he reads on it, however incomplete piece only the letters CV. That's it but an S is also attached, just like elsewhere occurs, connected to the V in a lying position; so CV^ . There is also an I between the head and the flag nnd the letters D3R appear on the left, which together so D6QRICVS results. That this is the name of the Münzherm referred to, is clear. It can be added to

HRIDaRICVS and too

teODamCVS related

TroeoRicvs

DroeORICVS and similar. A Friedericus from the time that our find refers to heard, we have in

Frederick I v. Cologne 1156-1158, Emperor Frederick I 1152-1192

and the two Counts Friedrich, father and son, from Brena 1156-1182 or 1203-1221.

But the first cannot be considered for that reason alone. men, because the bracteate does not bear any symbols that point to one let spiritual dignitaries close. And that further that the present one is an imperial bracteate, no one will

12 Emil Bahrfeldt:

want to build. Also on Brene, its oldest known However, coins only date from Count Otto II 1221-1234 and completely different factory wear, doesn't show the slightest signs. I therefore favor the reading TQODflRICVS or similar.

Which of the princes from the second half of the XII. and the beginning of the XIII. Century that bears the name Dietrich wear, but does the bracteate now belong to?

At that time the spiritual princes of this country ruled mens from Metz, Halberstadt, Meissen, Cologne and Merseburg. However, these remain partly ignored because of the reasons already stated.

Of the secular princes in question named time bear this name

1) Dietrich, Count v. Werben, sixth son of Albrecht the Bears, first documented in 1147 ^t 1185'),

2) Dietrich, Count of Wied, son of Burghard von Wied, 1158—1189,

3) Dietrich, Count of Wychmannsdorp, son of Otto von Hil- desleve, documented in 1160 Advocate von Hildesleve '),

4) Dietrich, Margrave of Landsberg, son of Conrad I, 1156—1185,

5) Dietrich, (Jraf v. Groitsch and Sommerschenburg, son

Dedos, 1190-1207*),

6) Dietrich the oppressed, Margrave v. Meissen, son of Otto of the Rich, 1195-1221.

Of these, Dietrich von Wied and Dietrich von Wychmannsdorp to be deleted from the outset because once from

1) cfr. Stenzel, Freckleben bracteate find p. 9.

2) According to Grote's family tables. Otherwise there will be death 1183 stated.

3) Stenzel, a. a. 0., p. 9.

4) According to Dannenberg, Berliner Bl. ffir Mflnz- etc. End IV, p. .^8 or is there 1190 a misprint? — according to Stenzel, a. a. 0., p. 9 appears Dietrich first documented in 1196; Grote, family tables, p. 229 contains only the year of death 1207.

The Marschwitz bracteate find. 13

they are not yet aware of any coins at all it is questionable whether they exercised the right to mint and others, because of bracteates struck by them the situation of their countries undoubtedly a completely different factory would have.

Let us now look at the bracteates known so far take a closer look at the other four Dietrich.

Dietrich von Werben will use the Bracteate Freck living find no. 10 and numismat. Newspaper 1848 plate II, 7 (ibid. 1861, p. 122)').

Dietrichs from Landsberg Bracteates are Num. Ztg. 1859, plate IV, 25, Köhne, Ztschr. N. F. plate X, 45, 46, 47, Berliner Bl. V, plate XLIII, 4 and others.

Dietrich von Groitsch has the v. Posern tablet XL, 10, 12; XLI, 13; XLII, 11, 12 and in the Berlin papers for coins etc. Customer IV, Tf. XXXIX, 7 etc. published pre- let it be, and from

Dietrich the oppressed includes: Götz No. 391, 392, Berl. Bl. Tf. XXXIX, 5, 6, Erbstein, Trebitzer find No. 67, 68, 79-83 and pp. 40, e, f, Schmidt, de numis Nnmburgocicensibus, also Posern plate XLII, 10.

None of these coins join our Brac- teat necessarily, neither in the factory nor in the type, too he has a different character and is of smaller size, with the exception of the first mentioned Bracteate Dietrichs von Advertise.

If I now believed for Dietrich the oppressed von Meissen should decide for me, this is from the This happened because the factory was unmistakably Meissen tells me, even if, as already noted, it doesn't go through... aas which is the well-known writing bracteate of this Dietrich. My view is supported by the vast majority of

1) With this bracteate, which is from Freckleben No. 10 darchaus ab- deviates, there are justified doubts.

14 Emil Bahrfeldt:

surprising similarity that the coin has in its depiction with the bracteate of Otto von Meissen, 1156 - 1189, M^moires de St. P6tersbourg VI, PI. XIX, 6Q and the one in the last Quarter of the XII. Century belonging to Mader, II. Ver- such, plate V, 86 (M6moires op. cit. pp. 419, 53) shows. The similarity is so great that if not examined closely, without taking into account the various transliterations, namely- With regard to Maderschen, one and the same piece is presented to have believed, only our coin is Dietrich's one a little smaller than that of his father Otto. Not unlikely- It may therefore be the case that the latter's bracteate corresponds to the Die cutter that will have served as a pattern.

For the Mader piece, our bracteate is still from Importance because it has its right place instructs; because with the striking similarity between the two There is now no longer any doubt that the former was not Albrecht the proud, like Mader, nor Otto the rich, like Dannenberg wants — M6moires a. a. 0. — but only Dietrich can belong to the oppressed person. —

I now add six silent ones to this scripture bracteate Bracteates of Meissen origin.

18. Bust portrait with bascule between sword and Flag above a portal with a cross in its arch.

0.48—0.56 Gm. 26mm.

3 copies plate I, 18.

Erbstein, Dresden Doubl. No. 74.

19. Building with a domed tower between two flags^ im Bow a curly head.

0.54 Gm. 26mm.

1 copy plate I, 19.

The very similar one cannot be separated from this one

20. which is somewhat different in the drawing and through the large ones Bingel differs from the one above,

The march was discovered by wise Bracteates. 15

But I don't just see it as a variant of the previous one would like to be viewed.

0.47 Gm. 27mm.

1 copy plate I, 20.

Erbstein, a. a. 0. No. 70.

These three bracteates come from exactly the same work from the last quarter of the XII. century and are neither Albrecht the proud nor Dietrich the oppressed to award. Because for Otto the Rich, the heir to the stone I would like to include them - Dresden Doublets p. 4 not output it because its bracteates are even more exact are worked and have a different character, like us not far to go, our no. 16 teaches. —

The next three coins

21. On an arch a domed tower between cross staff and flag.

0.58 Gm. 26mm.

1 copy plate I, 21.

M6moires de St. P6tbg. VI, p. 424, 72. Schles. Prev. No. 15.

22. Apparently a tower building between two crosses chen or points.

0.51 Gm. 26mm.

1 copy plate I, 22.

Schles. Vorz, No. 14.

23. Apparently a gate with a tower in the middle.

0.46 Gm. 28mm.

1 copy plate I, 23.

apparently have the same hometown as that of the factory will be found in Meissen. Dannenberg has this - M^moires de St P^tersbourg a. a. 0. — first with reference to No. 21 pronounced and at the same time expressed the encouragement, that it is urban, but more likely from one

16 Emil Bahrfeldt:

spiritual princes would have gone out. FQr No. 21 would like I assume the latter; on the other hand, like No. 22 and 23 — the Incidentally, both are not entirely clear - perhaps urban.

VI. Wettin.

Ulrich 1187-1206.

Ulrich von Wettin's coins come together - posed in the Num. Zeitung 1854, p. 19 and ibid 1862, P. 3, but there are differences with regard to those listed there silent bracteates justified doubts regarding the Belonging to the princes mentioned, which must be examined in detail However, this is not the place to act. Let's take this nor the bracteates from Posern-Klett plate XLI, 18, Berliner Leaves plate XLIII, 1, also Erbstein, Trebitz No. 21 (?), like this These are, as far as I can see at the moment Ulrich's previously known coins.

The bracteate of our find

24. OUDm=L=RI

The armored, bare-headed count between two with each with a small cross and a sword and holding a long-handled flag on his shoulder.

0.54 Gm. 25mm.

1 copy plate I, 24.

Silesia's Prehistory No. 24. so it's new.

The same thing that Mr. Friedens- castle mentioned, with the Bracteate Numismat. newspaper 1854, p. 19, no. 134 and ibid 1862, p. 5, no. 2, pictured at Mader I. Experiment, plate I. 3, - especially with regard to the distribution of the letters.

The Marschwitz bracteate find. 17

VII. Magdeburg.

Most were from the Archdiocese of Magdeburg Coins in the find.

I begin the series with the bracteates of

Wichmann, 1154-1192.

25. W = I®M[K=HHVSI

The archbishop in regalia, with palm branch and crooked rod, between two domed towers.

1 copy 30 mm.

Valley I, 25.

Mader IL experiment, plate II, 19. Leuckfeld, Magdeburg Plate I, 3. The I at the end of the inscription is probably meaningless and only serves to fill the empty space.

26. WI=CH=oil=ffi

In a four-arched frame the archbishop in regalia, with cross and crook, between two domed tower.

0.90 gm. 30mm.

1 eps. Plate I, 26.

First from Becker, two hundred rare coins, plate VI, 157 pictured. Numismat. Ztg. 1842, pp. 118, 42. Silesia's Prehistory No. 17. In Becker's illustration the character of the Bracteates not faithfully reproduced.

27. WICöl3rH=NVS-Dei

In an oyal with five domed towers Archbishop's ÜB infused bust portrait of the staff and book holding.

1 specimen (broken out) 30 mm.

Plate II, 27. Leuckfeld plate I, 4th number, 1842, pp. 107, 35.

Silesia's Prehistory No. 18.

ZsitMkrilt for HaminMitik. Xni. 2

18 Emil Bahrfeldt:

The transcriptionWICOflTTHHVS-Deidürfte in WICOÖIKHHVS Dei «611217121 must be added. There is another Brac teaten Wichmanns, who bears this inscription, namely Leuckfeld Plate I, 5 and Posem-Klett Plate XXX, 1.

The numbers 25, 26 and 27 belong together. You have a slightly different character than the following.

28. W=IC=Ö)KH^

On a bar the archbishop's bust with Inful, Palm tree and erumm staff.

0.74 Gm. 30mm.

4 copies plate II, 28.

Leuckfeld plate I, 6. Mader IL experiment, plate II, 18. Num. Ztg. 1842, pp. 107, 36 and ibid. pp. 117, 39. Silesia's Prehistory No. 16.

The last two letters are contracted together and leave, despite the fact that one copy is very clear, cannot decide whether they are HV or H^^ the latter in the form N*^, as at No. 17 also occurs, should read.

28a. Variant. Apparently there is one next to the head on the left Renew, two dots on the right.

0.75 Gm. 30mm.

1 copy

Here I line up the same one in the factory and in the Mänz- create a similar bracteate, which does not have the coiner names, but who certainly belongs to Archbishop Wichmann write is:

29. Above an arch decorated with domed towers, in to which a similar little tower appears Archbishop's bust with Inful book and crook. The outer edge is dashed; the inner high The edge and the arch are marked with small crosses. sets

The Marschwitz bracteate find. 19

0.74-0.88 gin. 30mm.

3 copies plate n, 29. .

Lenckfeld, Halberstadt Coins Plate V, 75, Mader n. Experiment, plate II, 22. Num, drawing 1842, plate III, 42. Reichel IV, No. 1757. Silesia's Prehistory No. 20.

Leave the images of the bracteate given so far all leave something to be desired.

30. Under an arch with multiple towers, the chest picture of the Archbishop with Inful; on both sides two indistinct objects.

0.52 and 0.60 Gm. 30mm.

2 copies plate II, 30.

Mader II. Verse, Taf H, 23. Leuckfeld. Halberstadt. Coins plate V, 74th number, edition 1842, p. 118, no. 49. Silesia's Prehistory No. 19. One copy is in pretty good condition, the other very bad; but on both it is not possible to see which objects objects - Mr. Friedensburg believes he has a staff and a book. know - appear next to the bust. Also prints Yon Bracteates of this kind from other collections that are mine were communicated in a friendly manner, brought enough not the disclosure. But it seems as if there are two stamps of this coin existed: with and without attributes next to it Archbishop. —

The following very remarkable and beautiful bracteate only became known through our discovery.

31. Under a towered double arch on the left Bust of Saint Moriz with nimbus and Sword, on the right that of the archbishop with inful and crooked rod; a cross between the two.

0.84 Gm. 30mm.

3 copies plate n, 31

Schles. Prev. No. 23, but where the sword is overlooked.

However, one can be in doubt - that proves it

2*

20 ßniil Bahrfeldt:

Distribution of this coin to Bishop Ulrich von Halberstadt in Silesia's prehistory - whether this diocese or the archbishopric thnm Magdeburg as the home of the Bracteate claims since both coins came out to whom the prince of the church appears next to the saint. At Our mint is decided by the factory in Magdeburg; she is those of Wichmann's bracteates. Furthermore, there is also something to be said for Magdeburg the sword next to the saint. Halfway through city bracteates the saint comes with this attribute - what I have been made aware of - never before, In Magdeburg, however, it is more common. Also the woolly one Head hair, which was used to represent Saint Moriz In my opinion, this is characteristic of coins Doubts arise about the Magdeburg origins. —

We now come to a number of coins that are under The class of the so-called Morizpfenninge can be counted. This type of coin was previously valued far too little, they have been deemed too insignificant and subject to closer scrutiny. search was not considered worth it, but simply dealt with it content with them when they occur, sometimes with misunderstanding their age, to note briefly. A compilation of However, 204 such Morizpfenningen are in the Num. Zeitung 1860, p. 49 given by the late Leitzmann, much criticism But the same ones from A. Erbstein are more detailed in his description. The discovery of Trebitz's coins has been discussed. What The same thing said there about this bracteate class also applies today, and I think the most expedient thing to do is if I read some of his statements here verbatim reproduce.

It says on page 51:

« Many conjectures have already been made about What is the connection with this type of coin? the Moritzpfennigs from the archbishops, bailiffs, mint tenants, Salzgraven or during sedation periods, etc., whether they were in Magde-

The Marschwitz Bracteate found. 21

borg or were beaten in Halle; by name often taken as an opportunity in the Nomismatik Zeitung to negotiate about them. The most likely is, like the one from the 12th century. derived bracteate with the Inscription “Moneta Hallensis*' (v. Posern, No. 525) to the Hand indicates that the main coin for such mints is in Haue passed. See Num. Ztg., 1855, Col. 70, 82; 1856, Col. 65; 1860, columns 50, 62 ff.). The significant trade that here, especially with salt, required one active expression and because you can meet your needs far and wide Clay sourced here and the entire surrounding area with the products the Halle salt works were supplied, so were the Moriz pennies are a need in the trading world and are therefore sought after. As a result, they often appear in coin finds themselves. in larger quantities in certain areas. Especially the big one But circulation, which they acquired over time, gave reason that they often become the subject of subsequent coinage were. This was not limited to his Coins in size, shape and idea of the Morizpfennigen to design it as appropriate as possible, but also copy it Magdeburg coin image and gave it a foreign inscription (One such, probably Pegau imitation is the Bracteate with SC— S lACOPVS • APOSTLV+), how to do it When the idea is borrowed, the legend “Mauricius dnx^*, although then only in general truncated form. — But the archiepiscopal coin also dropped it is not lacking in terms of re-coining; she copied strangers Types of money and provided them with their inscription, stated by name I presented the saints as if they were a worldly gentleman, etc. It is even easily possible to start right from the start Minting of the Morizpfennige ensures such a match archiepiscopal coins with those of neighboring secular ones Lord had in mind (for what purpose St. Moritz was very suitable as a warrior) ; because it is a striking one Appearance that one can see next to the Magdeburg Bracteates

22 Emil Bahrfeldt:

with the archbishop still bracteates with the saint Moriz meets, which is sometimes very obvious their character followed by foreign varieties'

And further we read on page 28:

^To illustrate our words, let us take this Moritzpfennigs ourselves and let's divide them according to the indicated directions in different parts, so preserved We, if we specialize quite a bit, have 6 main classes. The strongest among them contains pieces that represent the saint with nimbus and clearer, although here and there off shortened transcription or not entirely free of errors. We consider them to be the original coins of went out from the Magdeburg side; that correspond to you Other gentlemen's pennies would be used as a follow-up coin consider. The second largest mass appears to be those Although there is no transcription, it does represent the saint with a nimbus show. We also have to hand them over to those of the count first class, i.e. h. as a product of Magdeburg Look at mints because it's about what's going on with them unwritten bracteates for a purpose, completely valid valid assumptions cannot yet be made and, in particular, I am of the opinion that in all unwritten bracteates the time before the coin confusion in the 13th century. Reprints of written bracteates can be seen, no matter how much these the same is partly supported by the coins themselves, Incontrovertible evidence is not yet available to that degree side, to see them as justified in their generality to be able to put up. The third class is made up of those with the right tiger, Mauricius dux containing transcription and a world- friendly gentleman. These should be viewed as such Magdeburg people disregard the original coinage of others. Barter Münzherr had his eye on it and so with them the corresponding stamp of worldly masters as the original piece would be considered. From the fourth class, forms the Moriz from those with or without transcription

The March witzer bracteate find. 23

show him without appearance, but still through his attributes (cross staff, palm branch, etc.) as such, the former could also be considered original Magdeburg mints, the latter, i.e. those without writing, are again seen as foreign descendants or at least be viewed as such, in which with the help of the ingredients added to the picture, a similar ality should be achieved with Morizpfennigs. The number after insignificant is the fifth glass, i.e. h. those Bracteates, who indeed regard the saint as such with a nimbus, but bear a severely garbled or confused transcription. They would be wild imprints, partly of unknown right hand, sometimes perhaps to be viewed as such, made by clumsy iron cutters and assistants if one stamp was not enough. Similar applies to the sixth glass, to which those are grouped, which has a worldly master and a mutilated environment writing show echoes of the Magdeburg legend Yerrath. Let such echoes, which here and there also the turn of Mauricius dux on the part of strangers cannot be found, or is overwritten by a transcription. If there is no talk at all, then every reason like that falls away To count pieces as Morizpfennigen.'*

Now you can use Erbstein's division of the Moriz Bracteate in six glasses or you like it be of the opinion that a merger into fewer categories gories would suffice and be clearer - at least Erbstein has the credit for first critically criticizing the Morizpfenninge acknowledged and instructions for their classification are given have.

Let us apply this illustration to the Moritzpfennigs of our find, the first variety is represented by the following six pieces:

32. *SC~S OPffiVRIGIVSDVXaST In one out of four Arch and four peaks formed edging

24 E^mil Bahrfeldt:

Bust of St. Moriz with nimbus, the cloak around skinned, holding sword and cross staff.

0.81 Gm. 23mm.

1 copy plate II, 32.

Among the many Morizpfenningen that have already been published, I couldn't find this one. The well-known also ending in the transcription DVX QST or QS, — Catalog Thomsen II, No. 6753 and 6754 — , are already not common, but this one seems particularly rare to be.

33. S~ölÄVRICIVS Bust of the saint with nimbus, armored and in a cloak, cross staff and flag holding.

0.94 Gm. 23mm.

1 copy plate n, 33.

Holmboe, de re monet. Norwegian II. Edition, Tb. III, 159. Grote, coin studies 3, plate 10.54.

34. Ö>KVR=IV The Holy Bust with Nimbus between sword and flag over an arch, in which has three small domed towers.

0.76-1.02 Gm. 23mm.

6 copies plate II, 34.

Holmboe, a. a. 0., Tb. IV, 189. Grote, a. a. 0., Tf. 10.59. However, both authors do not have the writing correct reproduced.

35. CPffiVR=IV Just like the previous bracteate, but under the arch instead of the three domed towers there is only one one between four small arches.

0.84 Gm. 22mm.

1 copy plate n, 35.

Silesia's Prehistory No. 22.

I have not encountered this coin anywhere else. The Letters OPTf^VR to the left of the sword are quite clear; IV under-

The Marschwitz Bracteate found. 25

Half of the flag is not entirely clear, but it is secured by the gate bracteate.

36. flmv = RICI Bust of the saint with nimbus under a portal with three domed towers.

1.18 Gm. 22mm.

1 copy plate n, 36.

Strongly reminiscent of Holmboe a. a. 0., Table IV, 197

and also to the Morizpfenninge Trebitz No. 52, 53. —

Not bearing the inscription Mauricius, but still

as an original Magdeburg coin to the previous ones

lay, is

37. ö>K=D=e=BV Bust of the saint with bill under a portal with two domed towers, on its gable a cross.

0.91—1.02 Gm. 21mm.

3 copies plate n, 37.

Leuckfeld, Halberstadt. Coins, Tf. V, 76. Holmboe, Tb. IV, 197. Num. Zeitung 1860, p. 91, no. 92. Grote 3, Tf. 10, 63. Silesia's prehistoric times No. 21.

But everywhere you didn't recognize the transcription^ or but read incorrectly.

The cross on the gable is between two towers we already encountered it in the Bracteates No. 40 and 41 of Trebitz find, the latter of which also includes the above similar transliteration 01KI68EBVR • K8 leads. To compare is also our No. 48. —

The following three bracteates, namely:

38. Bear-headed, armored bust, sword and holding lily-like cross staff, above one of two Domed towers flanked the wall. In the arch of the wall two small domed towers.

0.85-1.05 Gm. 24mm.

6 copies plate U, 38.

26 Snul Bahrfeldt:

Already shown in Rau, 24 Münztafelu, II, 7. Silesia's Prehistory No. 10. The bracteate is not common.

39. Above a wall, under which three small domed tower, an armored bust appears in Coat and balaclava, between two similar ones Thurraen, holding sword and palm branch.

0.83 Gm. 22mm.

1 copy plate II, 39.

Numbered 1860, plate III, 90.

Silesia's Prehistory No. 11. Of delicate work.

Not so finely cut:

40. Under a tripartite a bust with a storm hood and robe between sword and cross staff.

0.79-0.93 Gm. 27mm.

3 copies plate II, 40.

Num. Ztg. 1860, p. 90, no. 85.

Silesia's Prehistory No. 13. are likely to be seen as foreign imitations through the attributes: cross staff or palm branch has a similarity to the original Morizpfenningen want. So they become the one formed by Erbstein fourth class of the Morizpfenninge. —

The Magdeburgers conclude with the following bracteate form

41. ö>KI = D=e=BVRC Three couplings connected at the bottom Pelt towers, each with a cross at the top.

0.86 Gm. 22mm.

1 copy plate II, 41.

It's at Leuckfeld, Taf U, 32, but it's less precise Transcript, pictured. It is not clear whether the last book stab is a C or Q.

The March witter Bracteatcnfund. 27

41a. ö>ÄI = De=BV=RCH Otherwise as before.

0.73 Gm. 22mm.

1 copy

The execution of this coin is a little rougher than that of the previous one.

Here too the penultimate Bach staff is doubtful, I but believe OPKIDCEVRCH, the medieval orthography accordingly, will be correct.

VIII. Indefinite.

The coins united under this category are all- lent silently, nor do they exist with regard to the same Such solid clues and characteristics that you can use them could accommodate with certainty. Whatever you like- as will be shown in the following discussion, be inclined towards one or other country of origin decide, I am of the opinion that it is better to be more reserved in this respect than to go too far drawing conclusions.

42. On a beaded arch a helmeted figure and armored bust with sword and flag.

20mm.

1 copy plate n, 42.

The work of this coin is reminiscent of a Brandenburg or think of Saxon artists. The latter is what I want most likely, and I believe with the large majority attunement that exists between our Bracteate and the Moritz pfenning Trebitz No. 60, as well as its Saxon descendant stamp ibid. no. 61 prevails, here also one that Morizbracteaten re-minted coin of Saxon origin increase.

43. Bust under one with two domed towers and three lily-like decorations on the gable, baarhaupt,

28 Sniil Bahrfeldt:

apparently in armor and in a cloak. Next to it Sword and flag.

1.02 Gm. 21mm.

1 copy plate II, 43.

With the various echoes of the Bracteates based on Saxon models cannot be ruled out^) that we also have a Saxon character in it then you will certainly see one of Bernhard's.

There is also a similarity to the Bran- denburger Bracteaten Holmboe, Tab. V, 205, real magazine f. Number X, plate IX, 7. -

The following no. 44-48 belong together.

44. Two busts next to a low domed tower, a flag on it. In the field on the right there is a rosette.

0.44 Gm. 26mm.

1 copy plate II, 44.

Erbstein, Dresden Doublets 1875, No. 59. We have two busts before us here, the secular ones belong to gentlemen. But I know who they point to cannot be reliably stated. Erbsteins have the bracteate although under the Meisseners from the period 1175-1200 - led, which also applies to the time determination my opinion is. But whether Meissen has demands, I want to I doubt it, at least it is not certain to look at; the factory makes a different impression.

45. Armored man, bareheaded and in a cloak, with a sword and flag.

0.56 Gm. 27mm.

1 copy plate II, 45.

Erbstein, a. a. 0. No. 52. Erbsteins also place this coin in the same row as the previous one. But doesn't the piece have unmistakable similarities? similarity with the Bernhards bracteates on Plate I of the Tre- bitzer find, especially with No. 20 there, in the whole

The Marschwitz bracteate find. 29

manner of representation, in the manner of the coat Rollover, yes even - if the preservation of the coin is not about deceptive - in the characteristic double pearl circular border?

You still want them because of their low weight and her thin, flexible silver plate, not Bernhard One would probably assume that ▼on Saxony itself can that the same is a re-minting of Bernhard coins On the part of a Saxon dynast.

46. Bust portrait with pelvis under one of two Towers flanked the portal.

0.41 Gm. 25mm.

1 copy plate II, 46.

Unfortunately, the coin, which was probably not used before, was quite unclear.

I can't say anything more specific about her hometown what is below about the No. 44 to 48 in general will follow.

47. Above an arch a curly bust between sword and flag; in the field on the left a rosette.

0.39-0.58 Gm. 25mm.

4 copies plate U, 47.

Here one would like to imitate the similar ones Magdeburg of the Trebitzer Find No. 60 and 61 think.

The rosette is exactly the same as on No. 44 and presented because it is cut flat, like a ball.

48. Gable with a large cross on it, between two each with a small cross at the top domed towers.

0.33. 0.37 Gm. 25mm.

2 copies plate n, 48.

It's already in the numismat. Newspaper 1854, plate III, 107 shown and included in the accompanying text from Meissen. been laid.

30 E^mil Bahrfeldt:

The representation is reminiscent of our No. 37, especially but does it agree with that on the bracteates No. 40 and 41 of the Trebitz find, so that here the ver- imitation of the latter pieces is obvious

The above five coins are because of the Evenness that is reflected in its thin, flexible and little consistent metal plate pronounces, because of the flatness of their cut, generally due to their excessive of a consistent general character and the same area that I visited around Magdeburg and Halber- I think I have to look for the city. —

The next two numbers, which conclude the... Finds may form, are also closely related.

49. Wide domed tower building between two smaller ones domed towers; at the bottom of the sheet a trefoil or Flowers.

0.53 Gm. 25mm.

1 copy plate II, 49.

Silesia's Prehistory No. 26.

50. Battlement tower between two domed towers on one wall; At the bottom in a circle there is a trefoil or flower similar to before.

0.83 Gm. 27mm.

1 copy plate II, 50.

The two bracteates, which I haven't seen anywhere yet, I have found forms that are vividly reminiscent of the Thurmbracteates of the Bünstorf find, magazine for Num. VII, Tf. VE, de- also to those in the Num. Zeitung 1854, plate IV, 159-162. No. 50 is also similar to Leitzmann's as the stamp of the Q-rafen Adalbert III. from Wernigerode 1173-1214*) in the number Ztg. 1853, pp. 123, 7 (Tf. III, 7) pulbicated bracteates and their tower building has striking

*) Leitzmann incorrectly writes 1187-1207.

The march was discovered by wise Bracteates. 31

Agreement with both on the very interesting Wemigeroder and Magdeburger, Ztschrift f.. Num. XI, Plate III, 12, 13, as well as with the Bracteate of Bernhard of Saxony, Marked f. Num. V, Tf. VIII, 1. Characteristic is on Both pieces have the trefoil or flower, which also applies to us on the Thurmbracteaten near Posem-Klett plate XV, 11 countered^ which the same places in Roda.

Where to look for the safe home of these two coins I can't decide. Should I have one in the meantime? If you express your opinion, I would like to bring it to the Harz region refer. —

From the previous discussion of the Marsch witzer From the find we see that there were a total of 103 pieces Coins were present. Based on the number of pieces, this is not the case significant, yet the find of the interesting and Important enough, as it gives us 22 new characters, namely the Numbers 1, 6, 10, 12, 13, 15, 16, 17, 19, 22, 23, 24, 31, 32, 35, 36, 42, 43, 46, 47, 49 and. Knowing 50 teaches.

The composition of the find shows us the very similar content of Rathau, that of Dannenberg and Eöbne in the M6moires de St. Pötersbourg vol. VI, pag. 398, seq. (pl. XVI - XIX) has been edited and the I quoted several times during the meeting. But the Ratbauer Fund is much more important and extensive than the present one.

We have representation here I. Silesia with 9 stamps in 30 copies

In total there are 50 stamps in 103 copies,

II.

Poland 2

4

m.

Brandenburg 1

1

IV.

Saxony 3

3

v.

Meissen 8

10

VI.

Wettin 1

1

vu.

Magdeburg 17

41

vrn.

imprudent 9

13

32 Smil Bahrfeldt: The Marschwitz Bracteate found.

Coins from secured rulers are represented in the find from

Margrave Otto II v. Brandenburg 1184-1205,

Duke Bernhard of Saxony 1180 - 1212,

Margrave Otto the Rich of Meissen 1156-1190, Margrave Dietrich the afflicted of

Meissen 1195-1227,

Count Ulrich von Wettin 1187-1206,

Archbishop Wichmann of Magdeburg 1152 - 1192.

From this there is no doubt that the find not before 1195, the year Dietrich took office of the oppressed, who has been handed over to the earth. But me I think we will be able to see the burial time of the same much later don't search. Because Dannenberg’s applies here too What was said at the end of his work about the Rathauer find — since Archbishop Wichmanns of Magdeburg coins on were represented most numerously in the find also probably by his successor Ludolf, who lived from 1193 to 1205 ruled, some characteristics may have been present when the Found not in its earliest period, but in its later period the course of his reign would have been hidden.

It is therefore right to bury the little one Treasure, if not in the year 1195 itself, then immediately bar to be set afterwards. —

Wroclaw.

Emil Bahrfeldt.

Some errors were made during the production of the tablets be explicitly noted here in order to ensure the congruence between the characters to establish the information and the text and to guard against possible false conclusions Reason to secure the first. No. 1 faces to the left side of the head a point and right a palm tree; the H is also reversed; No. 5 has a beaded edge all around and shows a different the bust finish; No. 6 shows the bottom circle of beads closed and the two end beads stronger than the rest; the head of No. 9 is bearded and at No. 31 the cross in the middle is free.

Gottfried Leygebe.

In an essay *) about Gottfried Leygebe, that outstanding artists in iron engraving from the second half of the 17th century, it is said with regret that one little is known about his life and his works. All we know is that he was born in Freistadt in Silesia in 1630. born, Schwertfeger was born in Nuremberg in 1645. moved to where he learned the art of iron cutting, that he was called to Berlin in 1668 and stayed here until his deaths that occurred in 1683. The following leaves are intended to remedy this deficiency to some extent and several authentic documents') bring to your attention which ones both about the external living conditions of the master, as well as particularly about his artistic effectiveness Berlin provides new and extremely interesting information.

Leygebe placed a supply from 1682 short description of his entry into Brandenburgische services. The same reads:

"Water form I came into Alhir's service. As I the first time the pieces of Eysen, which come to Dresen

1) Gottfried Leygebe by Dr. Julias Friedlaender, director of the K. MOnzkabinets. Berlin 1882.

2) Geb. State Archives Rep. 9 T. T. 4. These archives seem Also available to Nicolai, who wrote in his book “Message from the builders, sculptors, etc. "Berlin 1786" p. 51 some notes judge Qber Leygebe put together.

ZeitMbrirt for Naniimnatik. XHI. 3

34 Ernst Friedlaender:

is^), brought here, have Se. Electorate Serene Highness me by the Holy Lord of Schwerin Urab services let me search, but I thanked you and not yet intended to be in the service of Groser gentlemen. Se. Churf. Your Highness desired a beautiful sword, which I did manufactured in Nuremberg, after which all of the prints v. Orange Keep the portrait as big as a penny, along with Se. Churf. through- laughs and sent to Cleve; Afterwards I'll be done traveled and was sent to Frankfurt, but before have Se. Churf. Your Serene Highness by the Lord of Schwerin Have someone write to me that I should come here, but to me ignorant, As soon as I come in in the evening, have me Se. Churf. Your Serene Highness Fritie let us call, and some Work desired by me, which I was not allowed to do hit, even when the payment was delayed, I bit those willing into the stable and from Se. Electorate Your Serene Highness Even ordered me to come to Potzdam Appointment given, promised also a deputation of Wood and rock, which didn't materialize."

When in 1668 the negotiations just mentioned about his employment, Leygebe said in one documents contain those points which he discussed in his stables were taken into account. He writes:

“With divine help

His Churf. Your Serene Highness in my profession thenig to serve. First of all in Müntz Eysenschneid, too of all the medals popular gallanderies, and to farce of Earth and Wax Life Size, Super Life Size, Things and Figures. In gardens and argitects, and for other models to do. For which deliveries I am most gracious will earn appointment, the year Four Hundred Reichs-

1) Julius Friedlaender, a. a. 0. p. 2.

Gottfried Leygebe. 35

thaller. And you promote a certainly free Losamendt with her Müntz, which, umb necessary causes, the many defects the same, to replace, (so!) Want the Seine Churf. through- Yours most graciously, a debate from Holss and rockenkom to prescribe me, I will trust such knowledge- to be replaced in other ways.

Wan Such S. Churf. Please kindly wish drop that I have a certain gontente in the Mfintz or Rentey, I will, as long as God gives me There is no shortage of popular dishes.

S. Churf. Your Serene Highness

most submissive and obedient loyal diner, Godfrey t fief, Eysenschneider."

On these points, with the exception of the wood and rye deputates, was received and Leygebe received the following Order:

“We Friedrich Wilhelm, by God’s grace, Marggraf Brandenburg Elector etc. documents and hereby acknowledge, when Gottfried Leigebe took us to a coin cutter, too that he makes all sorts of artificial medals and of Earth and wax all kinds of figures in life and about life great could pose, was humbly recommended, that we therefore include and offer the same in our services. have been moved to take, do the same herewith and in Power this and order him, Gottfried Leiben, to be with us Mflntzeisenschneidem in such a way and in such a way that he gives us first and foremost obedient, faithful and waiting, for our benefit and seek and promote the best, damage and accomplice but, like that There is a lot about it that warns, hinders and defends, especially but, all stamps that are needed in our coin

and by our coin guard or coin clerk

3*

36 Ernst Fricdlaender:

will be required, cutting, also their always You should have everything in advance so that there are no defects may and therefore the coining of villages be stopped. He should also receive whatever medals We award him to be manufactured or ordered to be made in wax and earth will do it according to his best art and nothing down, and otherwise behave the same way, as befits a faithful servant and coin cutter and when he is born, he then shapes himself with his duty to us made related. On the other hand, and for such his services We have hereby promised him this and this He received an annual salary of four hundred thousand for everything, if they are to be paid to him from Our coin, the same should have and receive a free hand on the coin, form we then graciously order our mint guard, him the 400 thr. quarter liter with one hundred thlr. to be- pay and the beginning of the bill from negst past to make reminiscences. Documented etc. Give Potstam April 6, 1668.'*

How great value the Elector himself placed on the appointment of the iron cutter, who was already highly respected at the time laid, evident from the following order, which commands him to protect his stable and which is about Leygebe's artistry is very appreciative.

“To the Geh.-Rath, Oberhofmarschall, District Chamber President sidents etc. Raban von Canstein.

By God's grace Friedrich Wilhelm etc. ours Kind regards in advance. Vester etc. It has Gottfried Leigebe, which we give to Eysen Schneider at ours Ordered a coin, complained humbly, whatever to accept him there and to accept the orders given to him stable according to traction, difficulty machete, now have We all have coins on which our picture has hitherto been based.

Gottfried Leygebe. 37

been coined nöss, and as we have seen, so ugly found that it couldn't be worse that- On the other hand, this borrower made the picture much more attractive and beautiful actually met. So please command yourselves, because- to appreciate the same in the appointment given to him and in to do the disposition of the coin so that it can do so should be observed obediently. And we are with mercy to you weighed. Give Lehnin, April 13, 1668.

signed Friderich Wilhelm.** Despite the free apartment promised in the order Not only did Leygebe not receive an apartment, but also not a sometimes a rental compensation; although he tried hard enough, to receive the promised apartment and in the year In 1674 he was once close to achieving his goal because... on March 30th of this year. Year the Elector orders Leygebe^s Entry that he will be given free housing in accordance with his appointment The office is entitled to the appointment according to this To look in the direction and if it were found that him in fact an apartment was “prescribed” on the coin, to immediately send a member after the coin to get the .,lo8amenter to visit and give him one because Otherwise no other means, since he is now in the hurry, since his previous one apartment is torn down, can be taken there." Yes This didn't happen because the files show that He received cash rent compensation from Reminiscere in 1678 of 50 thalers. received annually. In general, it seems Leygebe's The external situation seems to have been by no means brilliant. His salary was based on the Berlin, Prussian and Crossen from 1679 onwards also on this vacant salary of the governor of Halberstadt, Count of Dohna: but he is constantly struggling with money problems fight because his salary is extremely irregular was paid in large amounts. On January 19, 1677 sues

38 Ernst Friedlaender:

he received a balance of 539 thousand dollars that was due to him on February 18th. In February 1678 it was already 877 thousand. In January 1681 it was even execution against by the Eammer court because of debts disposes of him; to another urgent request indeed an instruction to the frightened and harassed artist to satisfy, but still he received nothing, as yet The following is found at the end of his life, the year 1682 Calculation, which clearly shows the master's gloomy situation lets know:

“My appointment is free of charge and 400 Rthlr I receive 150 Rthlr annually from the mint. This The rest is up to me. Ao. In 1674 I have the latter by Werner Eberhart from the Schlagschatz zu Grossen vom Quarter Trinity. biss Gruci received 35 Thlr. 12 gr. This quarter I still have 27 Thlr left. Further from Gruci to Lucia 62

From Luci bisse Reminiscere Ao. 1675 62 By Reminisc. bit Trinit. 62

From Trinity. bit Gruci 62

Gruci bit Luci 62

From Luci bisse Reminiscere Ao. 1676 62 From Reminiscere to Trinit. 62

Of Trinity. bit Gruci 62

From Crutzi Luci bit 62 “ 12 “ Weiln

hir the Ghurfürstin Müntze stopped, so compliment me on this quarter Luci 37 “12”

>1

12

gr.

12

«

12

1»

12

»>

12

»»

12

»1

12

)>

12

7»

12

«t

Total 627 thr.

This is also what I am running

From Luci to Reminisc. Ao. 1677 100 hlr. By Reminisc. bit Trinit. 100

»»

From Trinity. bit Grutzi 100 "

Gottfried Leygebe. 39

From Cinitzi, Luci bit 100 thlr.

From Lud biss Reminiscere Ao. 1678 100 "

Total 500 thlr. S. Churf. Pass the payment money through to me 50 tbl. approved.

Ao. 1678 by Reminisc. biss Trinit is 112 Thlr. 12 gr. From Trinity. bit Cruci 112

From Cruci, Luci bit 112

From Luci bisse Reminiscere Ao. 1679 112 From Reminiscere to Trinit. 112

From Trinity. bit Cruci 112

From Cruci, Luci bit 112

bit Reminiscere Ao. 1680 is mine 300 thalers annually. to Mr. Happen instructed; 300

I still have 150 left this year From 1681 to Cruci is 225

Of these 3 quarters I have left still 112 “ 12

12

11

12

n

12

v

12

1)

12

?1

12

“From Luci

5>

Total 2702 thr.

Yours. Churf. Your Highness may first say- I would like to thank you very much for the 200 Thlr., because of me Work by dero Rath and Geh. Chamber of Mr. Heydekam been paid out. Furthermore, I am aware of this bill The most gracious regulation has been paid for: by Mr Bite 50 Thh*.

From Halberstadt by Mr. Rath Lindte 500 “ From the Müntz alhir 180,,

Also from Mr Commiss. from the

Mfintze little by little By Mr. Happen for the year 1680 From "" 1681, 3rd quarter

Total 1615 thr.

360

»?

300

»

225

1

40 Ernst Friedlaender:

The sum of my calculation is

2702 thr.

Receive on it

1615"

So my remaining 1097 Thlr remains.

Sr. Churf. Through to Brandenburg best in art and eysen cutting Gottfriedt Leygebe/'

Apparently they didn't want Leygebe well at all. Because after as a result of the bill just communicated in one Reports from July 13, 1682 the electoral. Councilor Stephani, Warnecke and Happe pay back Leygebe's salary arrears many pressures on the artist about degradation and Rewriting his invoices to 1028 Thlr. 18 gr. solid had bet him, but had by no means given him this sum - let pay so that Leygebe can make a new entry saw prompting, presented it to the Elector on September 7th. In 1682 there was a “Memorial*” of Leygebe, which we immediately come to. come back with the following extremely unfriendly report:

"Yours. Churf. According to your most gracious orders, we have Gottfriedt Leygeber's matter was further investigated and presented to him held why he made such a high demand because he but little use was created in the coin and so on no unusual, extraordinary works were made by yours truly. Churf princely On the other hand, various pardons were granted received, whereupon he apologized about the coin He nevertheless made many cuts in stick and iron, both too Coins as well as all kinds of medals made; andt when we replicated that the coins not clean and clearly enough, so He thought that he was not to blame for this, but rather put the same on the coinsmith so that you could get the sticks and didn't do justice to Eysen, even when he did what was missing here is that he nevertheless made sothane errors in which ex-

Gottfried Leygebe. 41

traordinari wercken dobbelt againb would have replaced which because of him committing the most submissive report andt its speciflcation is extraordinary! Work that he doesn't manage to do all draws supposed to have entered; whereby he reported, that yours. Ghurf. Let him not have any extraordinari work have to pay as only 600 Thlr. before that first horse, like that Ew. Churf. Through on the Churf. from Saxony through gives; with this preface, that he has such a horse before, before he in Ew. Churf. Arrived through service, completed*). In addition, yours. Churf. Pass him the 200 hlr., which Mr. Heidekampf paid off in the past year as one Mercy because of the horse that was recently delivered humbly

facing.'^

(Signatures.)

About this “stove”, apparently the equestrian statuette of Electors in the Berlin Museum, which are also in the one below mentioned in the petition dated January 2, 1708*), there is another billing that cannot be done without input It's interesting because you can see what material it's made of the statuette was created.

“Mr. Müntzmeister Bonhorst aufm Claussthal is on Iron received from the Gittelscher Factoryy 1 piece of model iron, weighed 98 pounds.

1 gr., do 4 tsp. 3 gr.

Another piece weighed 1 cent. and 7 pounds.

and 1 gr. tun 4 " 21 " 4 Pf.

Wage for this 6 “

Total 9 thr. 4 gr. 4 Pf. Furthermore it is because of this model iron been issued the hammer forge tip 18 gr.

1) See Leygebe's first essay on p. 33 above.

2) See also Julias Friedlaender, a. a. 0. p. 2.

42 Ernst Friedlaender:

A Bothen 2 times sung 13

The carpenter in front of the model and one to make boxes to hold the two of them in pieces have been placed 9

Wages were paid to Halberstadt

became 28

??

>j

)>

11 tbl. — gr. 4 Pf. Mr. Gottfriedt Leygebe wanted these eleven thalers - because of the Churf. Gentlemen appointed to the general mint system net commissioners on discount of the agreed 600 thr. to pay as I see fit, and shall do so The gentleman is also welcome to do the same if requested become.

Claussthal, October 12, 1678.

Heinrich Bonhorst.

So we see how worries about existence for itself, its wife Anna Gertrud, née Hülsspass*) and many minors Children fulfill the artist until the end of his life. He died in the first half of 1683 and the sad The situation of the survivors was getting worse and worse more. Although his widow and children sent many Special supplies to the Great Elector and the King Friedrich L, but they don't achieve success. Just one- sometimes the widow who writes expressly becomes her The man is “death on his neck because of his last job.” drawn*' “in view of their many naughty children and of their poor condition once and for all and completely Repayment of their claim 600 thlr." approved*), but as the heirs asked the elector in 1689 for those

1) The wife of the sculptor Artus Sitten is also called AnnaHülss- pass, so is probably a sister Yon Leygebe's wife.

2) Their claim was for those 1028 thousand. 18 gr., which yes were officially recognized!

Gottfried Leygebe: 43

400 Thir. ask which ones they still claim have, they will be in an Ordre d. d. Camp in front of Kaiser worth 13./23. June dess. J. put off until better times: “With the military budget, what the money is allocated to, so much If other expenses occur, you should seek patient advice will bestow different and better times then log in again.'^

Among the many supplies is a submission from children Leygebe's of January 2, 1708, in which she describe her father's achievements in the following words:

“What faithful and useful service from our spiritual father Gottfried Leygebe Ew. Eon. Maj. passed away very sadly. Mr Father's Churf. Your Serene Highness, after she told him from his Prosperities from Nuremberg anhero and in art and Eisenschneyden ordered again, bit into his death pit accomplished, such a thing may not be cited in any extensive way, especially grind those made by his hand, partly in Ew. King Maj. Eunstkammer, to everyone's amazement, still before existing works of art, especially this incomparable work, there, Ew. King Maj. His name is father. souvenir under the knight S. Georg is wonderfully represented by witness to all this sufficiently.'^ —

But there is one good thing about these money worries and those caused by them Supplikes caused for us: they have that for us Document received, which is for the present time from the greatest interest because it gives us a complete picture of the activity of the artist during his stay in Berlin is there. It is the above-mentioned autograph “Me- morial'% which Leygebe added to one of his last supplies laid and which the elector. officials to the elector have sent. The same thing is as follows:

“Memorial, what I know about the Ortinari Müntz work made by Ao. 73 on.

44 Ernst Friedlaender:

A display stick with the portrait of the Elector and coat of arms.

A showpiece with Sr. Churf. Your Highness on horseback.

One piece of gold with the city of Berlin on another pages,

more a sticks and eyes to gold.

A Ducat Stock and Eysen.

more a Ducaten stick and 2 eyes.

different Reichthaler stocks and Eysen.

3 sticks and eysen to thalers from the Victori von Fehrbellin.

2 sticks 3 eyes to gold with the Victori.

A beautiful display stock with S. Churf. Your Serene Highness and Elector and 3rd floor with fittings and writings on it Rande with great diligence.

Of the high soul. Chur Printz Contrafey in Oval to Showpiece.

Of the current Chur Printz Contrafey, 2 display sticks in oval. In memory of Beylager there are 4 exhibits.

A lot of work and work has been done for the Stetin Mint Little was kept, but what the Schmiden had to look for is, and I have nothing to complain about.

Another great showpiece from the Fehrbellinschen battle, and more that remain unrecorded.

A seal for the Elector with both coats of arms in Eysen.

6 signs from stal with the eagle, after the Beitz, to Eysen sign.

5 seals corrected in the Cantzeley.

1 seal for the Considori (=Consistorium) for ordination. The artist became the patron of Eysen Elector's portrait.

Gottfried Leygebe. 45

In Medall I blended and Possiret in that Oiesshauss:

By the most gracious orders of Sr. Churf. Highness.

1. The portrait, coat of arms and all ornaments on 4 halves Cardoons, which are the sign with the 4 parts of the world clean been manufactured.

2. Sr. Churfürstl. Translucent portrait in a large oval posed and blended to the best in Medall, sol in large ones Sali come to Potzdam.

3. Possist the floor and coat of arms in 3 pieces.

4. More about half of the cartoons, the whole coat of arms, Deviss and floor possiret.

5. Nacher Lübeck a crack to pieces, with coat of arms and 3 foreign currencies. To cut a floor in half with the gripper Cardoons pose, and 2 foreign currencies.

6. To 2 ÄJ pieces, dolphin, bottom and pulling wheel pose.

7. Sr. Chur Printzl Transl. Contrafey and Emplema with all the provinces, 3 pieces next to one Drawing for the entire piece, which was made in Liebeck been.

8. To the barking of the Churf. Portrait and coat of arms Bossirt.

9. A small Hercules made of Modal beautifully decorated cut for S. Churf. Through, which the Chur Printz now has.

A mold with 5 children made by Bley into glass.

A beautiful shape from medal to glass, a lot about it work.

5 go from Medall to Zierath in the glassworks Mittenwalde.

It is a joke to please the Elector Schiffer Gross.^)

At the gate of honor I made the bitter, and

1) «3 The name cipher in large format for use Stahlen.

46 Ernst Friedlaender:

A lot of other effort was done, 4 pieces were also ground, which is allowed I received 4 thalers.

S. Chur Printz. For several years in the foreseeable future Drawing is waiting for a lot of time.

Whose contrafey, life-size, a piece of earth poses.

The high soul. Chur Printz 5 seals from Eysen, all on handles cleanly made with repaid drawing advice;

also his counterfeyt next to Sr. ChurfÜrstl. Perm. Portrait posed in colored wax.

This Chur Printz 4 seal from Eysen, all attacks clean and a large seal with the entire coat of arms made.

S. Chur Pr. 2 horses completely red, and S. Chur- princely Permeable also to the high seas. Chur Printz portrait red poses in wax.

For S. ChurfÜrstl. A few buckles with silver throughout inserted.

To the Elector's regiment and Pr. Ludewig's flag Drawings made.

Printz Phil. Wilh. a little stick with a clean Moor by Eysen.

Furthermore, many drawings have been made that cannot be explained. took.

After hearing the Eysen piece with Sr. ChurfÜrstl. through- My portrait was made on horseback, which I did not use 2000 Rchsthlr. create and now can't do anything anymore, which has required continuous time for over 3 years whereby my health (with the pressure of my body) heard, but according to this further verified:

Sr. ChurfÜrstl. Through a seal with the boatman.

2 seals for the youngest Printzen.

Pr. Phil Wilh. a display stick with his portrait.

Gottfried Leygebe. 47

S. Chur Printz with a triple signet.

A chess set is possiret and clean in silver and gold manufactured, all in figures.

A display stick with the Chur Pr. and his wife.

On the New Year 2 pieces in colored wax possiret, a beautiful horse and cows.

Previously also at any time Pr. Phil. Wilh. in the invormiren of drawing, I bit into this serious illness I've come from work.

Anitzo I start again with God's help and Posire Se. Churf. Your Highness life size, as a sample to the entire House of Brandenburg, which S. Churfürstl. Perm. Demand in Medal and kindly let me order it.

This memorial will now show how I served faithfully according to my appointment because I but at no time did I get my salary properly, how my bill shows, and the housemaid still tells me Most seriously fallen. So I have everything I need to- put, forget children and household and a lot of debt made there, and in such a way during city work become poor and have to live very miserably.

I hope your gracious help and hearing.

S. Churfürstl. Through to Brandenburg all- most submissive obedient servant and servant designer in art and eye cutting. Gottfridt Leygebe."

Dr. Ernst Friedlaender,

Go. Staats8-Archi?ar and Archirrath.

Coat of arms stone and coin iron clineider. Mint master and wardeine in Breslau documents.

Since the second half of the 16th century in Breslau documents there is a fairly large number of coiners mentioned; perhaps the names of these may be communicated be useful to numismatists. Because often the stone cutters also engaged in the production of embossing sticks, Their names were also included in this directory. Two come from the fifteenth century Notes from the Catalogus Civium:

1429. In the sancti Lamperti Paulus Winkeler factus

est civis. 1475. Steffan Clinger, a monczer factus est civis. The news has been more numerous since the sixteenth century.

1517. vj. p. Elisab. Jacob Eyler, Montzmeister (Catal Civ.).

1536. d. January 26. Jacob Winczer, Eisenschneider (ibid.).

1549. 0. D. married Leonhard Worster (Wurster), a

Eisenschneider (treud register of the Elisabeth Church). His

Widow Anna asks for compensation in 1565, July 14th

for embossing sticks, which the new quays. Mint Master

adopted (Luchs in the Ztschr. f. Gesch. u. Altth.

Silesia Y, 25). His son Zechariah is yet to come

mentioned (see below).

May 1551. Andreas Schrader, coat of arms stone cutter

(Traub. of the Mary Magdalen Church) ; his wife Sara

is still mentioned in May 12, 1571 (Procuratorium).

Alwin SchnlU: Wappenstein and Manseiaenschneider. 49

May 1553. Wolf Freyberger, Rome. K. Maj. Wardein (Traubach d. Elis.-K.), leaves 1577, Jim. 19. baptize (Baptismal record of Mary Magdalene).

1559. 0. D.Hans Tachauer (Dachauer), gold coiner called raihet (Traub. d. Elis.-K.), still works as mint master 1576, Jan. 13. baptize. (Baptismal name of £lis.-E.) His Widow Corona married again on Thursday in 1577 n. Trinit. (Traub. d. Elis.-K.).

1566. Jan. 9th becomes Folckmar Glitzman, Wappenstein- schneider, citizen (Catal. Civ.). 1572, Dec. 5. (lib. excess).

1571. February 12th Andreas Blümel (Blümichen) becomes coat of arms steinschneider, citizen (Catal. Civ.), baptized in 1574, Dec. 30. (Baptismal name of £lis.-E.) and is between 1585, Dec. 28. and 1586, Jan« 4th died (Todtenb.).

1572. Jul. 7. Valten Wolff, goldsmith and stone schneider from Munich (Notula communis).

1572. Dominica Septuague. Paul Raschke, iron cutter

(Traub. d. Elis.-K.). S. Widow married again in 1586,

XVI. p. Trinity. (ibid.). March 1574 26. Hans Becke, coat of arms stone cutter

(Lib. excessuum); 1583, April 5th and 1589, February 2nd.

(Baptism record of Elis.-K.).

1576. February 12. Steffan Heuss, coat of arms stone cutter (Fideiusorium). 1579, Jan. 19. (Baptismal record of M. Maid.-E.).

1577. Jun. 19. Jacob Scherer, 'of an honorable council Gnldenmünzer is a baptismal witness (baptismal certificate of M. Maid.-K.).

1579. Jul. 19—1585. March 28th Christoph Heiden- rich (Heidenreiter), coat of arms stone cutter, baptize (Baptismal record of M. Maid.-K.). f 1586, 13/20. June in Silk bag for lung addiction (Todtenb.).

1579. NoY. 1—1484, Sept. 7. Conrad Becke, Demant- baptize tailor (baptismal record of M. Maid.-K.).

Z«iu«kraft for Nnmimuiiik. Xm. 4

50 Alwin Schultz:

1583. NoY. 22. Hans Hauptmayer, coat of arms stone cutter, (Baptism cL M. Magd.-E.). 1623, Dec. 81 f his Widow Mrs. Sabina Zekomin (Todtenb.).

1584. February 14. Matthes K au er hare, coat of arms stone and Eisenschneider (Traub. d. M. Magd.-K.). 1585, Jan. 26 and 1591, Dec. 6. (Baptismal name of M. Maid.-K.); t 1627, Nov. 20 (Todtenbuch.).

1586. Jul. 15. Balczer Lindacher, minter of Klagen- Fürt in Kämthen (Traubbuch d. M. Maid. E.).

1586. XVI. n. Trinit. Jörg Meuer, iron cutter. (1598, IV. p. Epiph. — Traub. d. Elis.-K.). 1604 June 19th (Baptism of Elis.-K.).

1587. Jan. 27th the Honorable Johann Friedrich marries (coat of arms stone cutter) 'of the honorary Franz Frie- Drich to Frankfurt a. 0., Cont. Ghur princes to Brandenburg mint master left behind. son' (Traub. d. M. Maid.-K.), leaves 1589, October 12th and 1594, Sept. 9. baptize (baptismal record of M. Maid.-K.) and dies 1607, 2/9. February at S. Marg. (Todtenb.).

1588. February 29. Hans Dachauer, Rome. K. Maj. Wardein, Hans Dachauer's Guldenmünzers alhir left behind. Son. (Traub. d. M. Maid.-K.).

1589. Aug. 23. Christian Glitzmann, Wappenstein- schneider (Lib. excess.).

1589» Oct 23. Zacharias Wurster» coat of arms stone cutter, LeonhardWurster s, Münzeisenschneiders (see above) behind. Son, (Traub. d. M. Maid.-K. — named later 1595, July 10th and 1618, March, 28th ibid.).

1591. Jan. 20. AbrahamOstertng, coat of arms stone cutter, (Baptism of M. Maid.-K.), dies of the plague in 1599 between October 29th and November 6th (Death Tent.).

1592. Jan. 23. Melchior Wagner, a dancer (baptismal. d. M. Maid.-K.).

Coat of arms stone and coin iron cutter. 51

1592. September 8th August in Fribil (Freuel, Prewell), coat of arms and form cutter (iron coat of arms cutter), married the behind Daughter of the coat of arms and form cutter Blasius Ebich (Traub. d. M. Maid.-K.) and dies 1606, 21/28. April (Todtenb.).

1595. March 12. Heinrich Schneider, Wappenstein- schneider, 1605. Jun. 28. (baptismal record of Elis.-K.).

1605. February 11/18 f Anna, Hans Magdeburg, one Wappenschneider of Magdeburg, daughter (Todtenb.).

1605. Feb. 25—March 4. f Adam Krause, a mint master of Reichenstein (Todtenb.).

1605. Nov. 16. CasparBlümel, gemstone cutter (1608, Aug. 24th — Baptism. d. M. Maid.-K.).

1606. February 23rd is baptism witness Theophilus Winckler, Stone and coat of arms cutter (baptismal name of M. Maid.-K.) When he left behind in 1611, August 20th. daughter of He becomes Augustin Fribil (see above), who marries Dorothea 'Laurentii Winclders, superintendents and court preachers left behind at Nieschwitz in Lithuania. called son*. (Traub. d. M. Maid.-K.) He dies from stroke 1633. Oct. 24. (Todtenb.).

1606. Oct. 13/20 dies Johannes Ludwig, the free Art flat stone grinder (Todtenb.).

1610. iij. p. Trinity. Siegmund Moses, coat of arms and stone schneider (Traub. d. Elis.-K.) 1611, Jun. 30 and 1616, February 2nd (Baptism of Elis.-K.) His left. Son Hans George dies 1653, July 28.

1612. May 22. Hans Rieger, coat of arms stone and iron Schneider, Georg Riegers, fellow citizen of Steine in Upper Silesia, son (Traub. d. M. Maid.-K.) 1613, Jun. 16 and 1630, Jan. 30 (baptism of Eli8.-K.). lo the death book, which records the death contains several of his children, he becomes a coat of arms

4*

52 Alwin Schaltz:

and called coin iron cutter. 1653, d. March 19th dies, Johannes Rüfiger Sigell- and Wappenschneider in Graupengasse in his home at Steck- and Schlagfluss, 73 years old (Todtenb.). 1617. July 2. Christoph Bretschneider, Wappenstein Schneider (baptismal name of Elis.-E.).

1622. June 13th Ruchs (Rochus!) baptizes Heck, Treger in the Briegian Mint*; Baptism witnesses are:

Buckhard Hase, mint master of Brieg, Johann Riedel, Breslau Mfinzmeister (baptismal. d. M. Maid.-K.). This Hans Riedel was baptized again in 1623, December 27th. witness and become there Kais. called Müntz Guardein (Baptismal register of M. Maid.-K.}, but in the baptismal register of d. Elis.-K. 1624, Jul. 12. Coin Manager. He dies 1636, Nov. 8. in his apartment on the Schuh- bridge (Todtenb.).

1623. May 22. Hans Brumgleser, stone cutter (baptism. d. Elis.-K.).

1623. Aug. 13. Fabian Bertholt, Münzer (^baptismal d. M. Maid.-K.).

1623. Aug. 13. Balthasar Krause, the Lord Prince and estates mint master (baptismal name of Elis.-K.).

1623 Dec. 27. Christoph Künner, coin writer (baptismal name). d. M. Magd.-K.) (Chr. Köme, former coin writer 1627, Apr. 3. ibib).

1624. Jan. 21. George Walther, coin writer (baptismal. d. Elis.-K.).

1624. Jan. 21. Ursula, Mr. Hans Tuchmans, coin meisters, Conjux (ibid).

1624. Jul. 12. Maria, H. Christophs Hedwigers, born former mint master's housewife (baptism of the M. Maid.-K.)

Coat of arms stone and manze iron cutter. 53

1625. Aug. 12. f Maria, Caspar Pusches, gemstone Schneiders, daughter, 22 years old (Todtenb.).

1626. Jon. 22. Marcus Schweidliger from Olomouc, Kais. MtUizinspector ; 1626, Jul. 18. 'S. M. been Coin Manager' 1628, May 29th and 1629, July 16th (baptism b. d. M. Maid.-E.).

1628. May 29. Bartholomaeus Starker, silver founder at the quay. Coin (baptism b. d. M. Maid.-K.).

1629 Dec. 10. is a virgin baptism witness. Elizabeth, sir Johann Ziessler, mint master, daughter (baptism. d. M. Maid.-K.). On February 12, 1629, his Mrs. Johanna died (Todtenb.). He's getting married again 1634, May 9: 'Jobann Ziesler von Moltz- home in the diocese of Strasbourg Rome. Kais. Maj. in Ober- and Lower Silesia, well-appointed imperial mint master, (Traub. d. Elis. K.). He comes more often until 1635, April 7th as a baptismal witness (baptismal register of the M. Maid. church; d. Elis.-K.) his wife Martha 1636, Jan. 4. (baptism. d. Elis.-K.) his widow 1637, April 29. (ibid.)

1629. Nov. 27. George Reichart (Reichert) still had it as a journeyman, the daughter of the mint master Johann Ziessler von Moltzheim, Margarethe Christiane, born married. He was from Saalfeld in Thuringia and the son of M. George Reichert, Pastor of Langenschade in Thuringia. (Traub. d. Elis.-K.), 1631, February 25th, he is already an Imperial MtUizer. 1637, Aug. 7. Kais. mint master; himself and his Woman come as baptismal witnesses in 1653, September 23rd. before (baptismal record of M. Maid.-K.).

1628. Jan. 5. lets see Anna Maria, Basilii, coin masters to oil, relicta filia, her illegitimate with the Soldiers baptize the child born to Jacob Huneirer (baptismal name). d. M. Maid.-K.).

54 Alwin Schaltz:

1630. March 3. Peter Herrman, mint master (baptism of the Eli8.-K.).

Oct 1631 11. Friedrich Androl (Andral), coat of arms stone and coin iron cutter (Traub. d. Elis.-K.). 1632, Aug. 11 and 1635, Jan. 19 (baptism of Elis.-K.). 1638, Apr. 10. (Lib. Impuberum et Relictorum).

1638. February 7. Gottfried Schneider, gemstone cutter (Baptism record of Elis.-K.). His son dies in 1639, Dec. 6th; he is called the cutter of rubies and precious stones (Book of the Dead).

1636. Jan. 4. Simon John, minter in the mint (baptismal. d. M. Maid.-K.).

1637. Aug. 17. (George Storck, master craftsman in the Kais. Coin (baptismal record of M. Maid.-E.).

1640. May 26. Georg Meyer, coat of arms stone cutter (Lib. impub. et relict.).

1641. Aug. 20. Hans Riediger, Petschierstecher (baptism. d. Elis.-K.).

1646. Sept 10. t Michael Jan, 'Kais. Maj. Müntz-Wartheyer alhere, Salomo J.'s, shoemaker in Dresden after- gel. Son', from lung addiction (Todtenb.).

1649. Apr. 12. Ferdinand Krallowitz, seal and coat of arms schneider (Traub. d. Elis.-K.) - 1650, May 16th (baptismal date). d. EÜ8.-K.).

1652. May 17. Hans George Kralowsky (Krallwitz), Petschierstecher (baptismal name of Elis.-K.). f 63 years old 1674, May 29. (Sigil, coat of arms and stone cutter [Todalb.]).

1653. Aug. 5. Johannes Rieger, counterfactur, seal, Coat of arms, stone and coin iron cutter, 'Mr. Jo- hann Riegers (see above), citizens and quays, privileged greeted counterfactur, seal, coat of arms, stone and

Coat of arms stone and coin iron cutter. 55

Müntzeisenschneiders, relictus filius* (Traub. d. M. Maid.-K.). 1654, March 3h; 1658, March 1st; 1660, Aug. 13 (Baptism of Elis.-K.).

1654 Dec. 4. f the child of Tit. Mr. Andreas Timpfe, Mint master in Posen (Todtenb.).

1656. July 18th the child Hm. Johann Büchmes, coat of arms , Schneiders (Todtenb.).

Oct. 1658 14. George Tännicht (Tennicht), seal and Wappensteinschneider, 'Matthes T.*s, üntersoldaten am Oderthor, relictus fil.' (Traub. d. Elis.-E.) dies 1682, Jan. 7. aged 48 years 41 weeks (Todtenb.).

1661. Jan. 10. Christoph Wildenhäne, your high prince. Continuous Waradin zu Eremsier (Taüfb. d. EUS.-K.).

1663. Jan. 18. Georg Jackely, coat of arms cutter, son by Jeremias J., Bathsherm in Gronstadt in Sieben- vouch (lib. impub. et rel.), married 1668, July 8. (Traub. d. M. M.-K.).

1665. Jan. 25. Johann Buchheimlb, Eisenschneider, 1667, May 23rd (baptism of Elis.-K.), 1666, August 12th is a witness in the will of the painter Gottfried Scholtz (here as coin iron cutter), dies in 1683, JuL 5th in old age of 59 years 40 weeks (Todtenb.).

1668. Nov. 5. Daniel Tennicht, seal and coat of arms Schneider, brother of the above-mentioned (Traub. d. M. Maid.-E.).

1669. Jul. 9. Johann Christoph Paust, coat of arms and Steinschneider, Albrecht Paustes, former Hofischneiders to Constadt in Bemst&dtische, son (Traub. d. M. Maid.-K. — like 1677, March 1st), dies at the age of 58, 1695, March 24th (Todtenb.).

56 Alwin Schultz:

1674. Apr. 23. Michael Tennicht, coat of arms cutter (Traub. d. M. Maid.-K.), dies 1676, April 29th, 32 years. old (Todtenb.).

1674. Jun. 19. Peter Paul von Rallen, ruby and precious stone cutter (Traub. d. M. Maid.-K.)

1674 Dec. 10. f Margarethe, Hans Frumknechts, signed wes. Petschierstechers, widow behind, 70 years old. old (Todtenb.).

1678. Aug. 12. Daniel Schultz (Scholtz), petschier engraver, left behind Son of the painter Gottfried Scholtz, married Elisabeth, the widow of Michael Tennicht (Traub. d. Elis.-K.); 1681, Aug. 12, 1684, March 18. (Baptism. d. Elis.-K.); dies 1686, July 19th, 29 years 10 days old (Todtenb.).

Oct. 1684 24. Johann Kittel, Eisenschneider (baptismal name of Elis.-K.), iron and Schaupfennig cutters; Bärger, Medal and coat of arms cutter dies in 1740, Nov. 25. at the age of 84 years 29 W. (Todtenb.).

Oct. 1688 12 married *(Tit.) Mr. Hermann Roth from Rothenfelss, seal and coat of arms cutter here also coin medalist at the K. K. Kammer Crem- nitz in Hungary, Tit. Hm. Christian Hermann Roth von Rothenfelss, Ober-Münz medalist at ictthought Cammer as well as distinguished forest burgers in Cremnitz and Schemnitz, eldest son', Marie, the only one left behind. Daughter of Georg Ten not (see 0.) (Traub. d. Elis.-K.). Dies of old age of 72 y. 10 m. 1726, 16./22. Nov. (Todtenb.).

1689. Jul. 24. Johann Reinhold Engelhardt, was. Mint director in Sweden; 1693, Dec. 24th Medalist; 1698, Jul. 14. Münzwardein and Medaller Ihro high princely Permeable heart. Christian of Oil and Bem- city (baptismal form of the EUs.-K.).

Coat of arms stone and coin iron collector. 57

1690. Sept. 11. Christian Guttmann, seal, coat of arms ond Steinscimeider (Traub. d. Elis.-E.). f 1696 May 4. at the age of 29 years less 12 women (Todtenb.).

1691. Jol. 22. Peter Miller of Nuremberg, glass cutter and conjurer (baptismal form of Elis.-K.). 1693 November 20. t his 2 ^ year old son (P. Müller, Todtenb.).

1696. Jun. 2. Baptism witness: Anna Susanna, Martin Maxi- milians von Wackerhle (?), Kais. coin wareins, Coigux (baptismal name of M. Maid.-K.).

1696. Jul. 10. George Gürschner, seal, stone and

Coat of arms cutter (Traubbuch d. Elis.-K.); f 1723 6./12. Nov., 57 years 6 months old (Todtenb.).

1696. Aug. 21. Heinrich Engelhard, medalist and Wappenschneider, Felix Engelhard's, at Fürstl. Gn. Hm. von Lubomirski in the Ejron Poland Regimental Quartermaster, left Son (Traub. d. M. Maid.- K.), His son Christian dies in 1729 Aug. 13/19. in Age 10 years 27 years old (Todtenb.).

Oct 1706 9. f the behind. Glass cutter's daughter Molwitz in the Briegian Ffirstenthum Christoph Brewer (Todtenb.).

1707. Aug. 11. f George Scholtz, iron and stone schneider, 37 years and 1 day (Todtenb.)

1708. September 16. Baptism witness: Ms. Anna Agneta, Mr. Jo- hann Franz Nowacks, Eais. Mttnz-Gvardein, Uxor (Baptismal record of M. Maid.-K.).

1711. February 17. Daniel Erakau, coin locksmith (baptism.

d. Elis.-K. — Baptism witness: Franciscus Novath, coin

Guardein.). Invents a new embossing machine (cf

Kundmann, Silesia in Nummis. 431). 1711. Nov. 9. Tobias Neumann, glass cutter (baptism.

d. Elis.-K.).

58 Alwin Schnitz:

1721. Aug. 26. Johann Gottlieb Kittel, coat of arms-« Stone and iron cutter (Traub. d. Elis.-K.); dies 1727 13th/19th September, 39 years 19 years old (Todtenb.).

1726. March 2. Gottfried Fiebig, coat of arms and stone schneider (baptism of Elis.-K.) 1733 Jan 10/16 becomes his (Stahl and JEüsenschneider) wife delivered to a dead child (Todtenb.).

1728 Dec. 18/24 and Jan. 14/20 relatives die of the glass cutter Gottlieb Friedrich Lobe (Todtenb.).

1732. Jan. 26/31. Barbara Elisabeth, Christian, dies from Lohe's, Olsn. Müntz-Wardeyer's, behind. widow, 48 y. 5 m. (Todtenb.).

1734. Aug. 27/31. f Salomon Walther, glass cutter 57 years old (Todtenb.).

1735. Apr. 23/30 f Christiana Eleonora, George Wil- helm Kittels, medalist, daughter, 8 years 3 M. (Todtenb.).

1740. Aug. 13. Gottfried Beck, gemstone cutter; 1744, Feb. 23; 1747, Nov. 1st; 1752, July 5th (baptismal date of Elis.-K.).

1745. Apr. 20. 'August Christoph Deker, K. Prussia. Müntz-Guardeiner alhier, August Heinrich Deckers, K. Prussia. Bergraths in the Duchy of Magdeburg, Son' marries 'Wilhelmina Augusta, Heinrich Ehrenbergs, K. Preuss. Mint master alhier, fourth Virgin daughter' (Traub. d. Elis.-K.).

1760. . . . t Johann Gottlieb Held, coin medalist (Luchs in the Ztschr. f. Gesch. and Altth. Schles. V, 50).

1765. Nov. 7. JohannPeter Rouvier, K. Prussia. coin Wardein (Traub. d. Elis.-K.).

1767. Dec. 13. f Daniel ülitsch, medalist at the mint, 55 years old (Todtenb.).

Coat of arms stone and coin iron cutter. 59

1764. is ... hero, son of Johann Gottlieb H., coin medal no. in Wroclaw; dies around 1808. (Lynx a. Ä. 0.52).

1780. Nov. 8. Anton Friedrich König, medalist at E. Müna^e, second son of the same name Berlin court painter (Traub. d. M. Maid.-K.). After Luchs (a.a. 0. 52) was born in 1756 and was a student Yon Loos.

Prague. Alwin Schultz.

The acquisition of the Eönigliohen Münzcabinet 70m April 1, 1884 MS to April 1, 1885.

In the past budget year, the Royal Mint acquired cabinet 786 pieces, namely

N jSi M total number:

Greek coins 1 23 231 255

Roman “ 3 7 241 251

Oriental “ 19 49 11 79 Medieval and modern

Coins 14 92 95 201

Together: 37 171 577 786

Qeschenke received the collection from the high ministry spiritual etc. matters, from the gentlemen of government rath Brakenhausen, Dr. Buchner, Assessor Friedensburg, Major Gabriel, go. Gov. Councilor Dr. Grimm, banker Hahlo, Pharmacist Hoffinann, regimental doctor Dr. Ritter, General Manager Go. Ob.-Reg.-Rath Dn Schöne, Consul Dr. Schröder, Stählin, Svoronos, Ad. Weyl, Wiedemann and an unnamed person.

Some of the acquisitions of the year are among the most pleasing the collection has ever made; except one of a kind due to its extreme rarity and great beauty of excellent Greek coins, out of ten of them Collection of Greek cities and towns that are still completely missing Buy kings coins. Among the Roman coins There are two rare gold pieces, from Traian and Gon-

The acquisitions of the king. Manzcabinets. Ql

stantiii the Great or IL The purchased medieval coins are often pieces from coiners that are part of the collection still completely missing: no less than eighteen in the Collection of princes and cities that have not yet been conquered, including some still completely unknown Unica.

I give a brief description of the most important aspects purchases, some of which I made earlier, in the XII. Bonds of Time font for numismatics, discussed and illustrated.

Delphi.

M 7 DAAIKON Two ram heads, two at the top

Dolphins Rf. Quadratum incusum, decorated with dolphins.

18.07 grm. (Plate III).

This extraordinarily beautiful ancient large Silberstück was previously an envied unicum of Parisians Collection, formerly part of the Demetrio collection. Long p^rier has the coin in the Revue numismatique 1869 - 70 p. 149 published with detailed commentary and the types explained, all of which have reference to Apollo, the Aries heads on the shepherd Apollo, the dolphins on the figure, under which Apollo appeared in Phocis: ixlijd'fitfay di JeX^olj i%B ^AjiöJJmv (fvy4nlov(fs dslfftyt elxa&elg (Steph. Byz. s. v. JsJjfoS). As Longp^rier's good illustration teaches, ours is second copy of the coin minted from the same dies, partly but even more beautifully preserved and Longp^rier's reading corrective. The delta does not have the new form A, but the ancient D.

The weight of the Paris example is 17.9, ours very A well-preserved piece weighs a little more, 18.07 grams. Certainly Longp^rier*'s view is that the coin is a something Severely pronounced Tetra drac hm e is the correct one. The now no longer rare small silver coins from Delphi

62 A.Y. Sallet:

with related types are according to the same weight system (the so-called Attic foot from Euboea) pronounced; the unusual weight of the large piece: 17.9 and 18.07 find their analogy in ancient Simplified lic tetradrachms of the same foot, which, like this, As you know, Imhoof's research in particular has established that sometimes close to 18 grams.

The beauty of the execution and the taste ornamental treatment of the mint of this coin, which is for the Greek mainland has quite unusual wealth Representation, old age - probably the beginning of the fifth century B.C. C. — the beautiful ancient inscription and the size, which was very rare for that time and area Heaviness of the piece make the Tetradrachm of Delphi one of the most meaningful and beautiful acquisitions our collection.

Athens.

M 9 Pallas head of late style right.

Rf. AOE O AEMO^ Owl on the amphora, more naked on the right Man with sword in the R., scabbard in the L., from the front. The whole thing in a wreath.

16.25 gr. (Table KI).

This one, only found in 3 copies, by Ulrich Eoehler in the Journal of Numismatics XII p. 103 explained piece is, it is assured, the best preserved among them three found. Ulrich Koehler recognizes one in the coin Coinage of Athens after the conquest by Sulla, the i dijfAog instead of the official names, in deliberate archaism AEMOC written, the alleged restoration of independence dependence after the removal of the greaturs of Mithradates indicate. Koehler recognizes Harmodios in the figure.

I also like the accuracy of this appealing interpretation

The King's Acquisitions MOnzcabinets. 63

the stick wasn't quite fixed yet, but it was done. offered, such a strange monument of the Athenian style also for the high price paid for it. Ours The number of Athenian coins is now gradually increasing great purchase of the Prokesch collection and continued Apart from the individual rarities, it is close to complete brought, but a whole series of the most valuable and rare We are still missing pieces of Athens, and especially the one that is so abundant, but still not a complete number of Athens' coins it proves how wrong the often heard opinion is our collection is so extremely complete and actually no longer requires any particularly large Vermehining. —

A very pleasing addition to the collection in our collection. The still very poor series of silver coins from Eretria is the magnificent, artistically highly accomplished one, probably around 430 B.C. minted tetradrachm (Taf. ni), weighing 16.84 6rm., with the one licking the foot, down to the smallest Details, even the dripping saliva, most of all realistically depicted cow and the octopus on which Front E, back 3.

M 7 Ptolemy I Soter, as governor

Alexander IV, son of Alexander the Great, in Egypt. Head of Alexander the Elder Gr. with elephant skin and ammonshom.

Bf. PTOAEMAIOY AAEEANAPEION fighting Pallas right, below Eagle on the lightning, in the field AI.

17.25 gr. Plate HI.

This is artistically very beautiful and historically supreme interesting piece so far has only been in a very mediocre one Specimen from the Demetrio collection, now in the museum of

64 A.T. Sallet:

Athens^) and is by Poole in the Catalog of the Ptolemies of the British Museum (the same place formed Valley XXXn, 3). The interpretation given by Poole is certainly the correct one, the inscription JUrolefuziov ^As^avögeTop — or to read it in reverse word order — means: Coin of Alexander, minted by Ptolemy (the governor); It would certainly be wrong if one in the “Alexandreion^^ would see a reference to the coin base.

The weights of these tetradrachms of Ptolemy as Governors of Alexander are strange: the rare piece with nrOAEMAlOY AAEEANAPEION has full so-called Attic weight, like the ordinary tetradrachms Alexander the Great, also a part of the now common tetradrachms of the same shape have:

M 6—8 Alexander head with elephant skin and Am-

monshom.

EJ. AAEEANAPOY fighting Pallas, eagle on the lightning.

The weights of the London Directory are at this until 17.13. The majority of these tetradrachms but has a significantly reduced weight, up to about 15.75; a good, but not entirely fresh example of our collection lung weighs 15.52.

So perhaps the coin has Ptolemy's name on it

ntoXsfAcctov ^AXs^avdqsXov — or ^AXel^avdqfXov ITtolsfkalov^ the oldest. Only then do the boy's coins follow Alexander with his sole name, first is usually right according to Attic, then according to the reduced weight of minted around 15.75, finally follows after Alexander's IV

1) Only two copies are said to have been found recently, one is the present one, the other recently from the Paris collection acquired.

The acquisitions of the Eönigl. MOnzcabinets. g5

death the royal coinage of Ptolemy Soter after the lost changed weight.

Ardeshir I (226-238 AD)

N 5 bust with tiara r.

R/. Fire altar. 7.41 grm. (Plate ni).

Gold coins of the Sassanids are only in the last came to Europe in slightly larger numbers over the last few years, But all of them are rare and are relatively the most common Sapor n before.

From Ardeshir I, the founder of the dynasty, was until now Only a single piece of gold is known, completely new from ours acquired differently, in the British Museum.

The London piece shows the character of the oldest Row of the king, with large round tiara and short top writing (see illustration in Mordtmann, explanation of the coins with Pehlvi legends, plate X, no. 5. — p. 32). Our beautiful The preserved piece has the embossing and the long inscription the latest variety of the Ardeshir s series, which bears head the round hat with the spherical top. The domestic Writing reads: Mazdaiasn Bag Artakhshetr Malkan Malka Iran minochetri men iezdan d. i. the Ormuzd worshiper, the divine liche Ardeshir, king of kings of Iran, from heavenly Gender sprung.

As on the large silver coins, this one is long Transcription often not entirely correct and often because of the space by no means clear in all letters, this is also the case on the Small space of the gold piece not to read everything clearly and e.g. Th. somewhat mutilated. The “mazdaiasn bag*” is beautiful and clear, but even the name is not clean and cor- rect; I read:

a r ch t very r instead of the correct: a r t ch see t r

Z«ita«krift fOT Nombrnfttik. XIU. 5

ßß A. T. Sftllet:

To replace the z. Th. incorrect forms of in- The font on the main page is the short legend of the return page. page TOD with splendid clarity and completely correct: “artach- shetr norazi" d. i. "The fire altar of Arshir." —

Among the other Greek coins you can earn especially the following pieces more detailed description:

Naxus Siciliae.

M 6 Bearded Bacchus head.

RF NAXION grape.

A very good example of the rarely occurring nnd Very difficult to find in perfect condition oldest silver coin (third of the tetradrachm after newer view), as a sample of the delicate antique floral style of Werth.

Syracns. An excellently preserved copy of the very rare so far only in second condition in the Sanunlang Gate-handed tetradrachmon, with CYRAKOCION and the Female head with wreath in round border line, in Section of the back of the running Lfiwe (see Friedlaender Q. Sallet, the Egl. Mflozcabinet Taf VI, No. 548), in review down to the smallest detail with the Gelonian decadrachmon Dynasty, the Demaretion, coincides, too like this one around 478 BC. C. embossed.

The King's Acquisitions Coin cabinets. g7

Imbrus with the name of the Athenians.

M 4 Pallas head right.

Rf. aOENAIfin. The ithyphallic Hermes r.

The coins were certainly minted in Imbros itself with the usual types of the island, but with the inscription AOENAifiN and AOE INBPI first published U. Koehler (communications from German archaeological institute 1881 p. 238, then Im- hoof ibid 1882 Vol. VII, p. 146) discussed. You take indicates that there are influences of those who form a separate community Athenian clergy in Imbros. According to the opinion of J.P. Six would have coined this coinage in 87 or 86 BC. C, during the siege of Athens by Sulla (see Imhoof, monnaies grecques p. 49).

The newly acquired Berlin coin shows one of them completely different from other known pieces of the type clean and good style, beautiful letters and a seemingly bar older character. The coin is much thicker than that the rest and seems a bit older, the figure has so- even an ancient look.

But none of this should entitle us to think of one very early expression of such pieces, because the knew Athenian copper coins with the head of Pallas and fighting Zeus and the Achaeminid badge of Mithradates: Star between two crescent moons, often have the same peculiarity: good style, striking thickness and an archaic treatment of the striding figure

68 A.Y. Sallet:

Back, of Zeus, who is in the position of Hermes Coin of Imbros-Athens.

Six's view of the time of the development of the Copper coins from Imbros with AOENAFiN can be right probably be the right one.

D a r s i.

iE 2 Hermes head r.

Rf. AA0Pä2N ShipF

The coins of the city of Daorsi in Blyria are among the greatest rarities. So far it seems only one thing Example known from the Vienna collection, which Eckhel in den numi veteres anecdoti p. 95 published; the Viennese Copy is imperfect, missing the A, our copy is beautiful and clear. Daorsi coins were also found not in the Illyrian ones, which otherwise contain the rarest things Finds (s, Evans, Numismatic Chronicle 1880 p, 269); it were coins from Scodra, Lissus, King Genthios, Rhizon and others.

The Daorsi coin shows the types of the pieces of King Genthios of Illyria (Imhoof, monnaies Grecques 136): Head with hat (probably Hermes) and ship.

Genthius, the king's contemporary and initially enemy Perseus of Macedon was born in 168 BC. C. from the Bömem warred and defeated, his empire dissolved and divided into three parts shared.

Perhaps the autonomous character of the people of Daors is part of it the type of Genthius still under his reign, perhaps- easy but after his dethronement, as an independent city embossing takes place.

The acquisitions of Eönigl. HflDZcabinets.

Qonnos Thessaliae.

M 4 Cheap head of Zeus with wreath right.

R/. }O^MEJ2N Aries r, anten monogram.

The definition of these was previously determined among the uD other Sunmlang lying (alao actually not newly acquired) ben) Coin is owed to my friend Imboof, who a small series of coins that have hitherto appeared in numeric "compiled a city unknown to political literature") The inscription is supported by other copies. The Zen's head is very similar to the one described by Bompois. made known, also in the former Fox's, now in the Large silver piece by Giertom in the Berlin collection in Thessaly. Certainly both of them are original for the main page is based on a didrachm of Philip U. of Macedonia.

From a large coin find made in the Peloponnese Our collection has beautiful, beautifully preserved pieces similar, but much smaller, to the already represented large Didrach men of Elis (head of Zeus and seated eagle) and Arcadia (Zenskopf, seated Pan with clear OAYM on the rock), also from a Cretan find the strange, extremely rare Didrachmon of Phaestus with seated Europa, the Sieb seems to be talking to the bull.

1) A proposal of this kind is imminent.

A.V. 8ftllet: Game (Aeolidis?)

M 4 AAPrANOC KAICAP head with wreath right.

Bf. KAMHNUN CHI TPY(i)NOC Standing Hygiea.

The very rare ice coins with the inscription KAMHNßN lists Mioanet under Mysia — as “CameDa”(!) - the city is identified with Millingen's Voi^ang Cana, Canae, in Aeolis'). — Now you know one thing completely coins that suddenly appeared in five different types series, of which our collection contains no less than three contains (see Friedlaender, acquisitions of the KgL Mttnzcabinet, magazinef. Numism. XI, 50;Imhoof, monnaieBgrecquesp. 271), that the city goes by the name of the one nearby The foothills of Autokane dominated, but in pre-Roman times.

Some compelling ornnd, the one with the inscription KAMHNßN to identify formative cities with Autokane», is not available. But that the city of “Käme” also probably does in that area in Aeolis, or at least neighboring Lesbos one could assume that the official name Tryphon and similar ones can be found in Lesbos: in Mytilene appears under Commodus a Tryphon, anter K- Aurel and L. Verne a Tryphonianns (Mionnet S. VI, 67. in, 53. VI, 67.).

1] Millingen, aDCient coinB p. 68. — Millingeo guards the Wechael TOD M and N in the name for no one. A bigger one is every- fidls the traditional name Aotokaoe, 8th below.

The King's Acquisitions! Coin cabinets. 71

Miletus, Balbinus.

6 A-KKAIBAABEINOG bust portrait with wreath r.

Rf. MIAHCIfin NEOKOPflN Apollo of Kauachos from the front, with rays, deer on the hand and bow, in the four-column Temple.

There are all coins of Balbinus in Greek cities rare; the Milesian, already well-known coin stands out by the nice representation of the back and good work.

Cyum Cariae.

The extremely rare coins from this city were until now not yet represented in the collection; there were two acquired different characteristics of the city.

1.) ^ 2 Artemis head r. with robe and quiver.

Bf. KYlTflN quiver and hunting spear (probably not Pedum); the whole thing in a wreath.

2.) 2 quivers each with a large ribbon loop, next to them

two vines each with grapes. Bf. KYElTfiN Cornucopia with two tracheas.

This second described coin seems what Also confirmed to me by Ms. Imhoof-Blumer, still unknown. Yours Reading is probably safe, and then it can only be Cyum, whose other coins otherwise have KYlTfiN, El for I in quite a A late time is of course something usual. Those too Types fit Cyum, where the quiver is common.

The K is not clear, barely half visible, but it is I think it can't be MYElTfiN like that of Loebbecke in the XII. Volume of the magazine f. N. (XII, p. 334) published coin has.

72 A.T. S&Uet:

The beautiful representation of the QJgaBtenkampteB in Diocae- I wrote about sareft in the previous volume of the magazine f. Nam. discussed; the reading HAIOC that I suggested there as The nickname of Zeus is, as another example proves, erroneous. Imhoof, to whom I owe this note, will be next aasfQhrlicb About the correct reading of the inscription.

Also the monze of the Lalassers and Eeonates, which has since appeared in a second copy (see im- hoof in the (Vienna) numtsmat. Magazine, XVI p. 280), with the head of Domitian, I wrote in the first volume of Magazine t. N. already discussed.

' Amblada Pisidiae.

M 9'/a AYT KAICAPMIOY OlAITinoCCe (or ev, like

the illustration has; But I think it's the first Reading is correct; is the last letter not very clear).

Rf. AMBAAA6CN AAKe^^AIMIONI^ (she) Standing Heracles with club, bow and lion skin, next to a pillar.

All coins of Amblada are very rare, the city was previously missing from our collection. The erroneous I behind that M of the back side may be a double stitch.

The employment of the Efioigl. Hflnscabiiieta. 73

CoropissuB LycaoQiae, ValerifaD sen.

M 8 AYTOKP'KAICAP U • OYAAePIANOC Bust portrait

with wreath r. R/. KOPOneiCeWN Tic KIHTWN MHTPOno Perseas and Andromeda.

The small collection of extremely rare coins from Co- ropissos, the Koqanaisaöi, and similar, the Hdschr. of Strabo, Waddington wrote in the Revue numismatiqne 1883 p. 31 Thortrefflicli explained and described. The city is called Metro polis of the Ä7«>t, these are the inhabitants of the Kl^n; in Cilicia on the border of Isauria; on our probably still unedited one MOnze stands differently for KIHTUN instead of KHTUN, maybe just an error in the stamp maker.

The TypeDS of the salvation of Andromeda by Persens on the coins of Ooropissns vird of Waddington though high altitudes and its occurrence in other nearby areas Cities: Iconium LjcaDniae and Anemurium in the Eetis, in Jotape and in Tarsus, noted; the relationship of these rare Depiction of the town of Coropissua ') and the neighboring towns but it is not examined. In any case, I believe it belongs to the so-called talking coats of arms: on our copy I think I can definitely see the dead monster below. This

1) Wuldington hit nor a HOdh the brew with this Dvitellang,

74 A.T. Sallet:

But in the ancient Corinthian language, monster is called Vase with Perseus and Andromeda KBTOM d. i. KETOI, age- mainly for KHTOI^). So this is probably what they have in common Badge of the Kijug landscape. What mythological description I don't know what the Perseus legend has for that area; Even knowledgeable archaeologists have told me about a possible one Localization of the legend for these regions of Asia Minor can't say anything specific.

Tmolus Lydia e, M. Aurelius, Caesar.

6 EACH OYHPOC KAICAP Youth head right. with

robe.

Ef, C T A HPAKAeiAOY TMßAITfiN Female idol, be- dresses, with Modius of vom.

All coins from this collection that were previously missing City are extremely rare. Whether you can CT gat^rov A HPAKA6IA0Y or CtQaTfjyov TA- (i.e. Titov AlXiov has to be read, is not sure.

Clannudda.

M 3 Apollo head r.

Rf, .AANNOYAAEfiN Female Idol, of the Ephesian Art temis in position similar, with modius and veil, in the R. an unrecognizable object. On the right in the field Monogram, the whole thing in a wreath.

1) Monumeoti X, plate LII.

The Acquisition«!! of the KODigl. HonicabineU. 75

Similar, but apparently after a perfectly competent one An example is this coin in the Revue nnmismatiqne 1843 p. 253 and shown on plate X, 8. Another one llflnxe of the city has Waddington in: voyage eu Asia mineures (Revae namismatique 1851 p. 167). All MOnzen of the city are very rare, and this mint was previously not yet in the Kgl. Collection represented.

The rare court of Deiotarus of Galatia, whose The impact of our collection up to now has been completely missing I already did this in the magazine for Num last year mentioned.

Cleopatra, Aradus (?).

KAeOHATPAC bust portrait with

Rf. erOYC KA TOY KAI C 06AC Htmi^i Nike floating r. with a big palm tree. The Qanze in Eranz.

The probably Syrian, not very rare, known Hflnzea with this inscription otherwise have this on the back Bust of Antonius (Eckhel D. N. IV p. 24; Fenardent, £g7pte ancienne Taf. Vm, p. 448), with the back of the This coin appears to be that of Cleopatra, floating Nike not yet known. The year was read since Pellerin hovg ttxomov n^titw mü intnoatointv, and one

76 A.T. Sallet:

Coin of the Jewish King Agrippa with eTOYC AITOY '), d. i. ipSexdtov^ proves that this reading is the most likely* is lovely.

According to GhampoUion and Letronne, but we have a double date in the coin's inscription Cleopatra to recognize: “Year 21, whichever year it is two hundred of the new goddess".

The date according to Pellerin's reading was a good fit Aradus (Eckhel 1. c). The beautifully drawn representation The reverse is very reminiscent of the Roman denarii Yinicius, but Nike appears on Cleopatra's coin only touching the branch with your right hand, not as on the denarius of Yinicius to put a wreath on the branch. The coin, like the other known ones, has Antonius' head, from a decidedly Syrian factory and came with many others Syrian coins from Beirut, which also indicates the place of mint Aradus could speak.

Among the newly acquired Roman coins is next a large number of mostly irregular pieces of ore from the grave finds of r v i e t o, so-called called aes rude, the oldest means of transportation in Italian Yölker. These raw chopped pieces, heavy in terms of their weight, The pieces that can be classified are partly completely formless, partly but large, cleanly cast and then chopped slabs and Ingots, i.e. forerunners of the cast square plate shaped ore coins with figures. Our collection owned so far only small insignificant pieces of aes rude from the discovery of Vicarello. The one given here, about one

1) Mionoet Y, p. 57 No. 100.

The “FirwerbebongflD de« Königl. MUnzcibiiietB. 77

Third reduced image') shows some pieces, which the partly very clean shape of the cast and then

chopped plates and Barrett can be seen particularly clearly let. The largest pictured still covered by the earth's crust Each piece weighs almost exactly 500 gnn., the two smaller ones weigh 96 and 84, the smallest almost 18 grm.

Among the remaining Roman coins is the first last part of the beautiful Sandes collection, one large number of excellently beautiful and z. Tb. also very much rare middle bronze of the emperor. Among the individuals Purchases include a well-preserved Aureus of Aurelian VIRTVS ILLVRICI and Mars with prisoners and a sebr beautiful aureus of Trajan, from Cohen's description - lich different, mention:

1) The Liage

78 A. T. SftUet:

IMP • TRAIANO . AVG • GER ■ DAC P • M TR -

P ■ COS - VI - P . p Brastblld with Eranz r. Rf. CONSERV ATORI PATRISPATRIAE Jupiter seeing 1st with Lightning and Scepter. really wrapping the coat around deo L uoteD standing small emperor holding. The Emperor wearing the toga and perhaps the scroll in his hand, and he- raises your head towards Jupiter.

Torhaadene is already similar in our collection Ooldmanze Cohen No. 46 (2nd ed.)

Constantinas U (or Gonstantin the Great?)

N IMP CONSTANTINVS PF AVG Bust portrait with

Helmet, shield and lance 1. RJ, point, on the band of the pearl circle.

K weight 3.56 grm. This rare, similarly described by Cohen in the Sapplement volume The coin is written by the back and the weight interesting; the piece must be related to one small series of similar gold coins can be considered.

Constantine.

N 1} IMP CONSTANTINVS PIVS F AVG Bust portrait with crown 1. RF point, pearl ice supposedly “medallion”; from usual normal size. Catalog Koch, Cologne 1862. N

The Eönigl's acquisitions. Coin cabinets. 79

2) Likewise, head r. Cohen No. 159 as Constantin d, Gr.

3) IMP CONSTANTINVS P F AVG bust portrait with helmet, Shield, lance.

Rf. point, pearl circle.

N Berlin. 3.56 grm.

4) Same, but DN instead of IMP.

N Cohen VH p. 379 No. 17,

Certainly belonging to Constantinus II:

5) FL • IVL • CONSTANTINVS IVN NOB CAES Bust portrait with helmet r.

Rf, without type.

Coh. VI p. 221 No. 55 formerly in Paris.

6) FL- CL • CONSTANTINVS PF AVG Bust portrait with Wreath (not diadem as Cohen says) r.

RF SIS in the field.

N. Fig. PEUerin M61. 1 plate VI 8. Eckhel D.N. VHI p. 108 to PeUerin. Coh. VI. 219 No. 40.

Constans.

7) FL • IVL • CONSTANS PF- AVG. Bust portrait with diadem right. RF SIS in the field.

N Paris. Coh. VI p. 253. 51.

8) FL IVL • CONSTANS PF- AVG bust with crown right. RF TR in the field.

N. Fig. in PeUerin M61. I. Plate VI. 9. Formerly in Paris.

9) Likewise, also the Rf MT • ES

N PeUerin 1. c. p. 169. Eckhel VHI. p. 111. cf. Coh. VI. 251 No. 40 where MNES is written. Formerly in Paris.

80 A.V. Sallet:

CoDStantius.

10) FL • IVL CONSTANTIVS P F AVG Bust portrait with helmet and lance.

RF TR in the field. Pearl circle.

N with a large handle. Weight 3.8 grm. Dear, Numismat. Magazine (Vienna), V p. 53.

Whether the first four coins were Constantin the Great, or as one would expect because of the great agreement of the whole thing Series with the following coins from the sons of Gonstantin: Constantin II, Constans, Constantius, would rather accept Belonging to Constantin U is not entirely certain to decide.

The treatment of all the pieces is strange On the back, instead of a real embossing, only that appears Dot in the center of the coin or the smaller denomination the mint SIS or TR etc. in the middle.

Franz Trau, who kept the coin of Constantius in the Numismatic magazine published looks because of seemingly inexplicable weight of 3.8 and the missing The back is embossed with a “coin sample”, a piece, that “might have served for an engraver's competition^'.

But the similar stamps are far too numerous for that. rich, besides you would probably prefer such samples - as has happened many times in Paris recently - in Copper, not pronounced in gold. After the two of them Weights known to me:

3.56 Constantin (Berlin) 3.8 Constantius with large handle (Trau) I would like to believe that these pieces are the half pieces of the At that time, distinctive medallions were not all that uncommon of 172 Solidi, in which the richly decorated one is helmeted bust with armor, helmet and shield, which

The acquisitions of the K6iiigl. Coin cabinets. 81

which is very rare on some solidis of that time (see Friedlaender and Sallet, the Royal. Manz Cabinet No. 1108); that very nice piece of the kind in Berlin, from IV2 Solidi, from Con- Stantin the Great (or his son Constantine II?), weighs 6.65. The fact that the Viennese Constantius weighs 3.8 is true Invoice for the attached large and thick antique handle. The absence of any type on the back should probably be the sign that the coin is not a fully important one Solidus is'), although the size of the coin corresponds to the whole Solidis agrees. The Solidi of that time weigh well-known lich Vts pounds, i.e. i. 4.55 grams, so the weight is right of our excellently preserved piece 3.56 almost exactly for \ Solidi, i.e. i. half of the medallion from T/, Solidi.

Among the acquired medieval coins are: next two gold coins from the Merovingian period should be mentioned: N3 Sigebert (Hl? 638—656) 8191 • ARTXa

(Sigibartus or Sigibertus) bust right, in Felde T Letter MA next to the double cross, the mint place Massilia. drawing. MV8 can be read from the inscription.

N Frisia DN ANA8TA8IV8 FRI8 Bust portrait of

Anastasius r. Rf. VICTORIA AVCCTORVMI CONOB Victoria r.

Triens

1) That the auction catalog Koch has one of these mfinia (see above No. 1) “MedaiUon'* does not prove anything for the weight; this catalog is so bad and disgraceful (it says, for example, “Aegyptia”, “tr^s-rare et oniqae'S the pirate clan Stortiebecher is called “court jester*”. 0. s.w., that nothing can be given on the addition “medallion**”.

Z«itoekhft did Vumanamük, XIII. 6

82 A.T. Sallet:

The Trents modeled on the coins of Anastasius from the Visigothic and Merovingian periods are large Quantity available (see e.g. Robert, numismatique de la pro- Vince de Languedoc p. 16ff. Plate I, 1-16); they differ from the coins actually minted by Anastasius himself due to their very different style and are often found in the area writing has gone wild. One could therefore, in the end of the imperial inscription FRI8 think of the corrupt PF AVC or PP AVC, if not for the relatively great beauty of the writing and the match with another Merovingian coin time H. Dannenberg's Ermuthung that this coin has the name the province of Friesland, FRIS(IA) means, very likely made: van der Chijs (de Munten das Frank, a. Duitsch- Netherlands. Vorsten (Volume IX of the great work) p. 57 and 366, plate VII, 1) describes and explains the Merovingian Triens one that doesn't seem to be known yet Princes Audulfut:

AVDVLFVS FRISIA bust portraits. Rf. VICTVRIA AVDVLFO Standing cross, next to A and GJ.

N Triens, Paris.

This fully spelled out name of the province So Erisia does the reading of our newly purchased piece FRI8 for FRISIA most likely and makes the coin a highly valuable acquisition.

A very desirable addition to the collection The gold coins of three still missing western Gothic king: Svinthila (621 - 630 AD). in Tuci in Portugal, Egica (687-701) minted in Nar- bonne, Witiza (701-710), from Toledo.

The series of the oldest popes, which still shows many gaps, Royal coins were increased by the denarii of Gregory IV (828-844), Marinus I (882-884) with CarFs of the Fat One

The Royal Acquisitions. Hflniubineta. §3

UoBOgrmnuD aaf the back, Formosus (891 - 896), Ro- manas (897) and Theodor H (897, f in January 898), everything Stfldde DEATH of great rarity, especially those of the two last mentioned ephemeral popes,

The main part of UDE's other Italian acquisitions is which I published in the previous volume of the magazine (p. 387) blicirt”, splendidly preserved and previously completely unknown Syllable coin of the Sardinian dynasts Guelfo and Lotto Gberardesca, Count of Donoratico (1289 - 1295), the son of the famous Ugolino.

The transcriptions of this coin are at the specified locations declared; the counts are called “lords of the third part of the Kingdom of Gagliari"; The mint is “villa Ecclesie”. Jglesias, the "de Sigerro" is towards the Segario district but not the “Argenterie” as I thought the town of Argentari. Those already mentioned in the note rumored assumption that the “Argentaria” refers to Silberberg works - if I'm not mistaken, this suggestion came from my then colleague Prof. Dr. Erman ans, — is that correct. In the papers of the learned money collector B-Fried- laender, the father of our immortalized Jolius Friedlaender, Cud I the following note But Iglesias: “Iglesias.. is not lying far from the former silver mine, which has long been exhausted the ancient geographers called it Metalla, later Argentera. Denioa I p. 195 translated from Strass 1800."

84 A.T. Sallet:

So the town of Iglesias on our coin is called “villa ecclesie (in the district) of the silver mines of Segario'^

The oldest coins of France were obtained through a rare piece an important addition: an Obol des Capetinger's Robert I (996-1031), minted in MÄcon:

M + RED : BER • TVS : in the field R and three

Points.

Rf. + MKIISEOI^ M Cross.

The inscription on the back is slightly different the coinage of Robert listed in Hoflfmann's work in Mäcon (Hoffmann monnaies royales p. 3 Nos. 7-9).

Equally important is the small billon coin from Eadberht of Northumberland (737-758) according to the more recent attribution lung, formerly Ecgbert of Kent (see Hawkins, the silver coins of England p. 66 Ruding tab. III, 10) assigned:

Lion 1., similar to a griffin. Rf. EOTBEREhTVT around a cross.

Billon.

Among the other medieval coins, they are considered rare features and our collection that has so far been missing. The small silver coin of Mircea I was to be raised Wallachia (1383-1418) exactly like the description, which Sturdza published in the (Vienna) numismatic magazine IV p. 97 No. 41, the king's beautiful large silver coin Twartko I of Bosnia (King vou 1374 - 1391), with the standing h. Gregory of Nazianzus and the coat of arms (Linbid Plate XVI No. 15), rare tumors from Stein, Perwez and Borne, the latter the name of the dynast Walram (1362 - 1374) showing in German transcription: “he walraven van borne^S and a small silver coin from Eleonore von

The acquisition genes of the Eenigl. HflDzcabinets.

85

Geldern kI's guardian of her son Reinald III. The pre- The passage of these rare coins with the name of Eleonore lasted only one year, 1343-1344.

The coin shown still seems completely unknown of Reinald von Brederode, around 1387, minted in Gennep, which came into the possession of the Lords of Brederode through marriage gi'langt. Ms Reinald II sold it to Kleve in 1441').

The inscriptions are TOOUexn GeKPB RJ. ReißOLDVSiDHS' D€ : BReRO ; L0€' ReiROLDVS D' BR In the LOG, Mr. Dr. Menadier the mint Luenen between Amsterdam and Utrecht, close to Brederode.

Among the newer coins, two brand- Burgese pieces of high value illustration and description writing.

1) I pass on these notes to my colleague Dr. menadiers,

g6 A. ▼. Sallet:

Groschen Joachim II minted to commemorate the Co-investment with Prussia. MONETANOVAELECTORig 70 (1570). Divided coat of arms with the course scepter and Eagle. RJ, BRANDEMburgensis DVCIS • PRVSSIE. The pole niche eagle with the name Schiffer SA, i.e. i. Sigismond Aug.

This strange penny exists in two copies from the year (15)69, one in the Petersburg collection, the others in the tower button of the Nicolaikirche in Berlin, from which chem brought the piece down in 1878'), but then again was promoted up (!). The coin is from Eoehne (period writing for coin etc. customer I, p. 167) explained in detail been.

The young son of Albrecht of Prussia, Albrecht Friedrich, received in Lublin in 1569 from King Sigismund August of Poland the Duchy of Prussia as a fief, at the same time Margrave Georg Friedrich von Anspach and Elector Joachim II of Brandenburg was also enfeoffed.

Joachim celebrated this enfeoffment with Prussia a procession in which a colonel takes over from the King of Carried the Prussian flag sent to Berlin by Poland and carried it through a service in the cathedral. On this occasion, as the chronicler Angelus reports'), pennies struck “There is a scepter on one side and a scepter on the other Adler^S (Koehne 1. c. 169). This from the chronicler not quite The precisely described pieces are only available in two copies existing groschen from 1569.

That the elector continued in the following year 1570 the memory of what is so meaningful for our fatherland

1) Dannenberg in the magazine f. Nomism. Vol. VI p. 141.

2) Andreas Angelas (Engel) born 1561 f 1598 as provost in Strauss- mountain. His chronicle is from 1597.

The King's Acquisitions Coin cabinets. §7

The event of the joint loan with Prussia continued through coins. daaem Hess, proves the newly acquired, unfortunately not perfect men preserved piece of our collection, which perhaps Unicum will remain. —

Also very special for the special history of Brandenburg The one on is an interesting, beautiful and rare piece Plate lU, silver, gold-plated cast medal shown below:

ACHATius BRandenburgersis MOGVNTiae

ÄVD Divum VICtorem SCHOLasticus

ÄTatis XXXI

Rf. RESPICE • A • ANNO • DO • MDXXX VII coat of arms,

above the horizontally halved Brandenburg eagle, below the

zoUemsche shield.

This excellent medal is obviously the work of unknown (perhaps Saxon?) artist, which we beautiful showpieces by Cardinal Albrecht of Mainz and the Thanks to Duke George of Saxony, also from 1537 (see my comment about these medals in the magazine f. Numism. XI. p. 137 f.) and represents the Mainz canon Achatius von Brandenburg before, Scholasticus to St. Victor, the natural Son of Elector Joachim I Achatius of Brandenburg was later, devoted to the new doctrine, his Consistorial Councilor half-brother Joachim II and one of Thurneisser's patrons *). — This medal seems to have remained unknown until now, Recently a second imperfect copy has been published Oarthe's auction in Cologne occurred to the writer of the catalog of the Garthe collection is but the person of the sitter and the meaning of the piece are unknown stayed.

Among the newly acquired oriental coins is

1) See some sparse notes about him: Oil r Ichs, contributions i. Brandenburg. History (1761) p. 212. MOhsen, contributions from Gesch. d. Science in the Mark Brandenburg (1783) p. 88 and 186.

gg A. T. 9tilet: The acquisitions of Eönigl. MOnicabinets.

maBcheB interesting stack, so on. a well-preserved silver mfinze of an unknown dynast with the name of the cha- Itfen El-Muqtaäir-biHab (908-932)') with riding for-

most and lying humpbacked bull, based on the pattern of the coins

Minted by Kabul, so far only one copy is known.

This is the oldest Muhammedan coin in India.

A EupfennQnze belongs to around the same time and area

which also have the types from Kabul (lion and elephant in the copper coins), while the Arabic word- chen aedl d. b. "Activity" (namely the MQnze) proves that it is influenced by a Muhammadan prince. Furthermore a trilingual coin from Kashgan, finally a beihe by Hm. Prot Dr. Sacbau from his trip to the Orient as a gift brought with them, interconnected by their securely authenticated place of discovery. essant coins. A. T. SaUet.

I) I am following the comments of my previous colleague and superior. cabinet, current Director of the Egyptian HueeoniB, Prof. Dr. Enntn.

The unmisiiiatic succession of the variant legions.

As early as 1698, Zacharias Goetze wrote in a project granun treatise from the Rathsgymnasium in Osnabräck aaf the Barenau estate and the field marks of the neighboring ones The communities of Venne and Engter provide detailed information on upscale coin finds Mentioned and since then the scholars and Writer of the Prince-Bishopric from time to time again pointed out the same: but regardless of this they have so far been subject to research that has not been carried out in local research. teaching remained unknown and as a result never recognized in their outstanding singularity and their was fully appreciated until Mommsen they became aware of a statement of fact Finds, as far as they still exist, caused and the appreciation of the same in one in the Presented to the Royal Prussian Academy of Sciences and appeared in the reports of the same Treatise on '4the Location of the Varus Battle' which has recently become independent and increasingly in a new one Edition published by Weidmannsche Verlag

According to the information provided there, on the Barenau Castle has a collection of Roman coins not piece by piece, but on the whole as in the Surrounding area itself found by those mentioned at the beginning

90 menadiers:

The writer is very well attested and consists of 226 pieces. stands, namely 78 republican denarii (with inclusion a Carian drachma), 60 denarii from the time of Cae- sar's dictatorship up to the Battle of Actium (with 1 denarius of Juba II), 1 gold and 42 silver coins of the Augustus, 32 silver or billon coins of the late emperor of Antoninus Pius on downwards and finally 12 copper coins, from 3 of which also belong to the reign of Augustus. In this composition, however, the collection does not constitute away a closed unit; rather, it already indicates Time interval between the youngest Augustan denarii and those of the late emperors, as well as the striking numerical difference of the named groups points out and also proves irrefutably the different preservation of the coins by the coins of Augustus are the best-preserved of all coins, the Republican denarii were consistently attacked Coins from the later emperors, however, were very heavily minted are that these are two strictly separate from each other masses, of which the smaller and younger ones are is of no particular importance, while the older and larger one deserves special attention, especially since you have some denarii and in particular 7 verifiable Augustan gold coins in other property from the same place of discovery and other news that can no longer be checked make it seem even bigger.

This find mass represents the late half money in circulation of the Augustan government, under which repu- Blican denarii are numerous, the ones poorly spent Legion denarii of Antonius represented in a considerable quantity and the youngest dates back to the year 2 before the birth of Christ. hearing impression, which the images of the Caesars Gaius and Lucius shows that bas is the most common of all. Through this as well Due to the striking number of gold coins, the present ones are

The Namismatic legacy of the Yarian Legions. 91

above all other finds in northern Germany aasmarked, because only the gold of the fourth century occurs in large quantities, while that of the early Eaiser time is extremely rare, and also the larger finds are Roman Silver coins invariably show the Antonine stamp, while Augustus or Republican denarii only in have come to light in a few cases, but nowhere in this one FeUe.

In addition, this is not a uniform treasure and a unique find: but the Coins are scattered across the fields, loose in the ground found, and these individual finds have been around since two hundred years to the present, everlasting repeated. The assumption of a deliberately hidden one Treasure, which is at least very strange, but nevertheless a certain historical utilization can be achieved would be severe, therefore remains out of the question. Likewise un- It is possible to accidentally lose something and through Coins that reached the site through trade traffic think. Only if you can see the estate of a certain person in them defeated and destroyed Roman army, you do justice to all the details.

The individual coins would have a relationship allow the streams of Germanicus and it should In such a relationship, it should not be strange that there are no late, belonging to the last period of Augustus find them: but the community resolutely disagrees this declaration. If Germanicus isn't exactly victorious... appeared rich in Germany, he still had difficulty suffered such a defeat as the coinage find absolutely necessary. The strange one Position that the Barenau coins have among all German coins Bomer stones found in land outside Roman territory

92 Menadiers:

take coins, corresponds to all Roman Germanic There was only one battle in the war, the defeat of Varus.

The fact that the coins belong to her alone confirms this also the nature of the site itself all properties from which individual funds still exist can be proven, are directly adjacent to each other on the border of the parishes of Venne and Engter in Nor- the Osnabrücks on the northern slopes of the stretching from Minden to the northwest moving Wiehen- mountain range where the far-protruding Kalkrieser Berg with the large moor approaching from the opposite side forms a pass one kilometer wide, which is crossed by a stream. So it applies here everything that the Roman writers told us about the location of the Varian defeat: Forest, swamp, mountain and bottleneck.

Far greater significance than this meeting, which is at best based on a coincidence and repeats itself may be found, but has the general geographical aspect moment that this area deserves. She is from the southern of the two from the middle Weser to the Ems and from this natural traffic route leading to Bheine and military roads that cut through the northern slope leads along the Wiehengebirge from Minden to Lingen, denotes almost exactly the middle between the specified named places and is also given to the crossing points of the the same as that from Soest via Warendorf and Iburg Osnabrück and from here to the sea coast leading Roman Don't be far from the road.

That the same for the march of the Vams in Address is to be taken, teaches the appreciation of the military oom- binations, based on the accounts of ancient writers. In the term from the middle Weser near Minden

The Namismatic Legacy of the Varian Legions. 93

from the summer camp to the winter camp in Xanten march, Yarus learns of the uprising of an isolated nending people; Armin had excited him in the Intention to separate the Roman legions from the established army to remove road along the lip; nevertheless he had to have made his orders in such a way that it is seemed possible and advisable to the enemy general, so to immediately offer the same the top, without his last march - losing sight of the goal. In one the Romans unknown area and away from his connections cut, the Varian army is defeated by the Germanic tribes destroyed; destroyed; Meanwhile the Roman cavalry is trying its best to break through and win the Roman road.

This double relationship that exists between the... slaughter places and the Lippe and Rhine line existed, leads to the rejection of the previous localization procedures search of the battle: the area around Detmold like that from Beckum are too close to the Roman military road. Meet all the conditions required in this regard On the other hand, for Barenau together: for one of the middle It is not particularly important for the army marching from the Weser to the Rhine. out of the way and yet it's quite clear of the lip far away and through two wooded mountain heights from her divorced.

The meeting of local combinations and The coin finds give the beginnings of the Varian Low- location in the field markers of Venne and Engter full knowledge: the coins, still today mostly on the Battlefields themselves in custody, are the talking survivors remnants of the forever memorable battle. This meaning warrants a detailed description: one of these I respond to the request addressed to me in the following following.

94 Menadiers:

I. Denarii of the Republic.

1. Crowned head of Japiter to the right. )( Vic toria a trope crowning; between them and clearly NA; in the bottom section: ROMA. Mommsen Blacas no. 31. Cohen (monnaie de la r6publique romaine) no. 3. Matienus.

2. Erauenkopf with winged helmet to the right; in the back a Victoria with a wreath (rubbed) over X )( the Dioscuri riding to the right; among the Forefeet of the horses C • ER • LVC and on the Basic ROMA. M. Bl. 75. C. no. 4. C. Terentius Lucanus.

8. Woman's head with winged helmet to the right; in the back ROMA. )(Victoria with a palm tree in her left Hand on a two-horse carriage to the right; about a wreath on high and a wreath on the lower level cut MTVLU. M.Bl. 119. C.g. T. maybe M. Tullius M. f. A. and Decula cos. 673.

4. Woman's head with winged helmet to the right; in bending over X and front Q^CVRT. )( Jupiter with lightning and Scepter on a four-horse carriage; above him in the Height an augur's staff, under the hooves of the horses MSIA and in the bottom section ROMA. M.Bl. 167b. G.g. Curtia. M. Junius D. f. Silanus (cos. 645) and Q. Curtius.

5. Head of a woman with a winged helmet to the right; in the back ROMA and from the EX S • C. )( A helmeted and armored rider galloping to the left, into the Hands holding shield, sword and a head, the is almost unrecognizable; from the Signature M SERGI • SILVS is only ERGI German lich. M.Bl. 168. C.g. Sergia. M. Sergius Silus.

The DtunismatiBhe Estate of the Varian Legions. 95

6. Fraaenkopf with winged helmet to the right. )(Victoria on a pair to the right, below: C. PVLCHER. M. Bl. 176. b. 2. C. Claudius Pulcher.

7. Bust of Hercules with laurel wreath, lion fur and club in side view from behind. )( Betting riders on two horses to the left; under the front use a mouse between the books staves TI ct. ; in the bottom section on a board O • S S and above in the field B. M.Bl. 186.C.4.

8. Female head with bandage to the right; in the back BALA. )(within a wreath Diana on one paths drawn to the left by two deer; in the lower sections: C • ALL!. M.B1. 189. G. gens Aelia 3. C. AUius Bala.

9. Woman's head with winged helmet to the right. )(Victoria on a trio to the right; in the downstairs cut: Ä CL • T TIMES • CL: VR. M.Bl. 194 a. C. gens ürbinia R. Appius Claudius. T. Mallius quaestores urbani.

10. Youth helmeted head to left; in the back: CAESAR. )( Venus on a chariot of two Cupids drawn to the left; a lyre among them and below sections L • IVU • L • F. M. Bl. 199. C. no. 4. L. Julius L. f. Caesar (consul 664).

1 1 . Youthful head with wreath of ivy to the right; in Back: M. CÄO. )(A winged female bird stalt sitting to the right and palm branch and sacrificial holding bowl; the bottom label is VICTRIX unclear. M. Bl. 208. C. 5. M. Porcius Cato (the father of Cato Uticensis). (Quinar.)

12. Female head with veil and crown right. )(Victoria on a two-horse team

96 Menadiers:

on the right and under the front feet of the bosses Bird (indistinct), in the lower sections: C • FABI. C.F.M.B1. 208. C. 208. C. 8. C. Fabius C. f. 13. A woman's head within a laurel wreath wing helmet to the right; in the back: PV. )( Vic toria on a two-horse carriage to the right; under- half M. LVCILI and above RVFVS. M. El 209. G. gens Lucilia. M. Lucilius Rufus.

14 - 20. Head of Apollo wreathed with laurel right; changing symbols in the back. )(A rider galloping to the right; that of him hand-held equipment is continuous become unrecognizable through abrasion; above the- There are also changing symbols and under There is the inscription on two pieces: PISO FRVGI, on a two-line: PISO GVCFI ROMA, and on four tracks: L PISO LF FR VGI ; one of them has broken through, another is out broken. M.Bl. 212. C.g. Calp. L. Calpurnius L. f. Piso Frugi. (praetor 680.)

21-23. Woman's head with fitigel helmet to the right; in the back alternating symbols: R, Q_, R. )(Victoria on a two-horse team to the right; over the same changing epithets: Xni, VII and below the inscription: D • SILANVS • L • F • ROMA, from which can only be read on two pieces SILANVS. M.B1. 213 a. C. 5. 6. D. Junius L. f. Silanus. 24. Inside a hoop a female head with Diadem to the right and the signature: SALVS. )(Victoria on a two-horse carriage to the right; neither the upper symbol nor the lower symbol writing are recognizable. M. Sheet 213 b. C. 7. D. Junius L. f. Silanus.

The niimismatic legacy of the Varian legions. 97

25. Male head with long pointed beard and winged diadem. )(Pegasus facing right- jumping; on the basis: Q«. in. M.B1. 214 a. C. 1. Q. Titius.

26. 27. Youthful head with oak wreath to the right. )( Pegasus jumping up to the right; on the basis: Qj Tm. One piece is heavily rubbed. M.1B' 214 b. C. 2. Q. Titius.

28. Head of King Titas Tatius to the right; before him: K and behind him: SABIN. )( Two each other facing young men carrying girls (rape of the Sabine women); in the lower sections: L • TITVRi M.B1. 215. C. Titurius L. f. Sabinus.

29. 30. Apollo head with laurel wreath to the right; in front of him an A and behind him PANSA. )(Minerva with a tropaeum on a four-horse carriage to the right; in the lower sections: C • VIBIVS • C • F. M.Bl. 216. C. 3. 4. C. Vibius C. f. Pansa.

31. Female head with bandage and veil to the right; of the inscription behind him, only L • CENS clearly. )(Victoria on a two-horse team right ; above it an indistinct number and below him the inscription; C • LIME3C, as well as in Below sections: P CREPVSL M Bl. 2276. C. g. Marcia 10. L. Marcius Censorinus, C. Mamilius Limetanus, P. Crepusius.