Zeitschrift für Numismatik, vol. 10 — 1883

Also worthy of mention is a very beautiful didrachm Cos with the head of the youthful Heracles in three-quarter profile, and a small bronze coin of Aphrodisias with two ankle- playing erotics.

Of higher value is a coin from Cibyra in Phry- gien, minted under Elagabalus, with the year P9 • (196) an era that began under Tiberius, when he conquered Cibyra and 13 other cities in Asia Minor that were destroyed by an earthquake, had it made, after which they erected the monument to him in Puteoli, the base of which is in the Naples Museum, while the statue is depicted on one of his Roman coins.

The Celtic gold coin came from Inowraclaw

The acquisition of the Royal Coin Cabinet in 1881. 3

Cabin which is shown here; it deviates from the usual from those found in Baiem and Bohemia, see plate no. 7.

The coin shown from Side (8th Plate No. 2) has an engraved head with the inscription HOY AIK KOP OVAAGPIANON KAI CGB; it is probably not Saloninus but his older brother ^ the usual Cornelius Yalerianus, the firstborn of Gallienus. The The inscription on the Rs. is AHOAAnNOC CIAHTOY NGnKOPOY. This way of giving the city name is unusual. In Side The city name is almost always missing, not just on that earlier silver ones, also on the later ones, which official names have; the pomegranate seems to replace the city name. First on bronze coins and then on the ice coins we find ZIAHTHN.

Our coin has the name of the patron god instead of the city name, this also explains the attached vswxoqoCj that doesn't suit the god. Only in neighboring Perga We also find the name of the protective deity in this way of the city name, it says APTEMIAOZ nEPFAIAZ and in the PamphyU dialect VlANAf AI nPEIIAZ; this will Favaaaag fleQyaiag explained. These inscriptions are next to the Artemis, in Side the one given above is next to the Apollo; he comes in exactly the same shape with the short chiton, short coat on the chick and with a long laurel branch and Patera on rare autonomous silver coins. ^) S.Taf. No. 3 and 4.

So there are the Greek records from Perga: APTEMIA02 nEPFAIAZ and that of our coin from Side: AnOAAnNOC CIAHTOY NeHKOPOY correspond to each other, one could say ask whether the Pamphylian inscription might not be the same Perga and the well-known one from Side in incomprehensible language have the same meaning, even if they are far apart in time lie differently. One would assume that the older of these un-

1} The old type of silver is also found in the neighboring Aspendua. mänieo: the two Riagers on KaifiermÜDzen repeat

1*

4 years Friedlaender:

The intelligible writings of Side, which consist of three letters existing, the name Apollon, the longer one, the one with the begins with the same three letters, meaning Apollon Sidetes. Of course, this is nothing more than a hypothesis.

The Pamphylian dialect on the coins of Perga, As- pendus and Sillyum and in stone inscriptions we have more and learned to understand more, but the writing and the language of the Coins from Side still elude understanding, and Arrian's words confirm that the Sidetes themselves barn were incomprehensible.

IL More valuable enrichment than the Greek department received the Roman one.

The large gold medallion of Emperor Constans and the I already have a bronze medallion of Antoninus Pius of the year Th. IX page 17 plate I published.

Among six beautiful and well-preserved bronze medallions is that of Hadrian with the year ANN. DCCCLXXIIII NATali URBis, which is also on a gold coin. In the larger one Representation of the bronze medallion shows that the Meta, the figure sitting on the ground with the wheel is not female, as Prof. von Fallet correctly remarks, but rather a male lish personification of the Ludi circenses.

The medallion of Aelius with the Sol in the quadriga was unknown, see plate no. 6. Hercules on that of Antoninus Pius is a copy of a very similar one on a medallion of the Hadrian. I can't tell what he's holding in his left hand.

A large purchase of 17 Roman medallions is imminent.

Among the coins relating to Hadrian's travels, are those standing upon his mustering in the provinces Armies are particularly valuable in this regard, and the one shown with it EXERC BRITANNICVS one of the rarest, see plate no. 5.

The acquisitions worth mentioning also include a silver Medallion of Trebonianus Gallus with the three Monetae.

The birth of the Royal Mint Cabinet in 1881. 5

Carrion found near Metz yielded 8 denarii of Augastus from Tollkomraener Erhaitong here, tone to them several are rare and his head is in mint beauty show.

III« The Emdte also had a supply of medieval coins low, if one takes into account the two finds from Dombrowo and Yon Paretz, which I wrote about in the YIII. gang in detail have directed.

YaterUmdian interest has a Merovingian tremissis Clay Mainz with the inscriptions MOGONCIACUS and GARO. L. V., probably Graroaldus, see plate no. 8.

Three rare papal zecchins from the 15th century filled Gaps: Calixtus III, Pius II and Paul U. Still Much rarer is the Zecchino of Dorinus Gattilusio, Lord of Lesbos and Phocaea, minted in Metelin (Mytilene), the opposite piece to that of Folia (Phocaea), which I wrote in the* contributions to older coinage p. 41 plate HI 4 first published where I learn about the history and coins of this Genoese company milie spoke in detail.

Duke Ernst von Baiem, a later-born son Albert IV, became bishop of Passau in 1517 and archaeologist in 1540. Bishop of Salzburg, without receiving priestly orders have; when he was later asked to accept orders, In 1554 he renounced the archbishopric and retired to the count Glatz was given back to him by Baron von Bernstein was yerpßuidet, and minted gold and silver coins there, without to mention the spiritual dignities. A ducat from 1554 reached into the coin cabinet

The Imperial Minister-Resident in the La Plata States facilitated the acquisition of a small number of older South American Rican coins for metal value, including one rare gold coin from the Argentine Republic from 1842 with the Portrait of General Rosas. In South and Central America It is not uncommon for portraits of presidents to appear on the republics

6 years Frie<11aendpr:

Coins have been minted in the United States only happened once, in 1792, during Washington's first presidential shaft; a half dollar bearing his likeness was purchased, he is considered very rare.

A large number of modern medals came from the picture haaer's smoke estate into the collection.

Artistically beautiful Italian and German medals The large one is a great way to obtain what is missing from the collection rarity and the excessively high prices of such pieces, rare opportunity. But a perfectly chiselled fironze was Example of the medallion Julius II, purchased by Caradosso, on the other side Bramante's design for St. Peter's Church is shown.

Mr. Directorial- Assistant Dr. Erman.

IV. The 'Oriental coins were included in the report- enriched not inconsiderably over the years, especially with the first selection from a larger private collection to purchase unwanted pieces. Pick up among the older coins I the gold coins of the Samanids Ahmed I. (Samarkand, H. 295) and Nasr IL (H. 330). Particularly important growth but the African dynasties received.

A silver coin (Cairo, H. 653) is of great interest. the first Mamluk sultan Eibek. So far there has only been one safe coin of this prince, a dinar in the British Museum knows. Lane Poole thought it was from an old one Stamp of the last Aijubidensnltan es Salih Aijub minted on which Eibek's name would be added later. But with ours Silver coin ^), which also bears the name of Salih Aijub bears, may be from such use of an old stamp not be the Bede; rather we must assume that Eibek in the name of his master, who died several years ago

1) Another copy of this coin is already available from Soret, Se- conde letue p. 56 pnblied, but not correctly determined because the year is missing.

The Enrerbangen of the KoaiglicheD Hänskabinet in 1881. ^

perhaps because he only saw himself as an administrator of his own inheritance, not considered a legitimate ruler.

Also part of the Egyptian coin system are the so-called called “glass coins”, of which the Eabinet has a larger one Collection acquired. As from the inscriptions of the older ones:

Weight of a dinar

Weight of half a dinar

Weight of a ful

Weight of a ful of 24 charuben As can be seen, they are usually coin weights; a few larger ones seem to be different weights. The older ones are also still interesting because of the names of governors and princes later ones often have barbarized legends.

Two gold coins from the Prince of Tunis are strange Abu Amr Osman (1435-1488 AD), the latest known Coinage of the famous Hafsid Empire, which lasted half a year a hundred later it was defeated by the Turks.

A counterpart to these coins may offer a door- Chinese gold coin. It appears to be a coin from Selim 11.^ somewhat barbaric and wrong cut; the year is unknown legible, the city name is Eossantineh, i.e. h Constantine in Algiers. Isn't this just (as one suspects? can hardly avoid) a mistake for Eostantinijah d. h. Eon Stantinople, the coin is likely to be subjected to siege from time to time be defeated in this Algerian city.

New Spanish Arabic coins are particularly popular Remarkably, a large dinar from the Prince of Granada, Mon- hammed XU. Our dinar and the well-known small copper coins of his predecessor and successor Mohammed XI. (Boabdil) form the last monuments of Arab rule in Spain.

Not new, like the coins discussed so far, but but a piece of the highest rarity is the coin of ephemeral Ilchan Arpa Khan, of which only the copy has been published so far

g J. Friedlaender: The acquisitions of the Royal Hünz Cabinet ete.

was known to the Bartholomaei collection. There are now all the rulers of this famous dynasty in the royal represented in the collection, as well as a copper coin Musa, the opponent of Arpachan, has recently appeared among the Incerts of the old stock were found. She was allowed to be a Unicum. Interesting Indian coins were also acquired most important one of the old South Indian coins with rich figures Presentation. Then gold coins from the Guptas and a larger one Number of beautiful examples of the silver coins of the Senate Dynasty. There is also an old Indian gold coin from Dschangala on Java mentioned here.

J. Friedlaender.

The Senar Treasure of Pieve-Quinta.

From

M. Bahrfeldt.

In February 1879, at the church of Pieve-Quinta, 8 kilos meters east of Yon Forll in Romagna, by workers loading plow the field at a depth of approx. 70 cm with a container with Roman Denarii of the Republic discovers what treasure is almost in his Totality from the magistrate in Forli in grateful liberality for the museum there was purchased. Yon this new coin I only recently received funding from them apparently not Description of the same thing that came into the bookstore Antonio Santarelli knowledge^) and take the opportunity here to discuss it in order to demonstrate its great importance for the chrono- logy of those defeated in the first years after Caesar's death to present coins. —

The 840 pieces that came into the possession of the museum in Forli nare — Quinare etc. were completely missing, but there was a stamp fresh denarius of King Juba present - describes San- tarelli in alphabetical order, referring to the Catalog of the Turin Collection '), notes the number of pieces and finally

1) Notisia di nn ripostiglio di denari coDsolari troTato a Pieve^QniDta nel ForlW«se. Forii (Tipo^nifia democratlca) 12 Oiagao 1879. 8% 48 pages.

2) Ariodante Fabretti. Baoeolta nnmismatica del R. maseo di anticita di Torioo. Monete eonsolari. Turin 1876. ^ Yergl. also Viennese niun. time- SehriA, Vol. YIU, pp. 889-845.

10 M. Bfthrfeldt:

with the denarii, which, in his opinion, was around the time of Yergrabang belong to the treasure, the degree of preservation, in terms of However, there are more detailed information about the individual varieties according to the number of pieces would have been desired. He distinguishes between them three degrees detriti, appena detriti and fior di conio, which are included here are reproduced dirty, slightly dirty and fresh from the stamp.

No flat denarii were found, but Santa noted relli pag. 7 that a few pieces from the Garisia families, Marcia and Rubria were covered with euphoria probably indicates a lower fineness of these denarii. It would be very desirable if a chemical treatment Searching for these denarii could determine to what extent the expectation is confirmed

Denarii with incuser Rs., created by incorrect minting, occur a few times, details can be found in the documentation.

Here is the revised chronological order arranged according to Blacas. logical list of coins found:

Blacas Mänzmeister No.

number

Receipt and comments.

2. Dioscures without

coat of arms

3

including 1 with Roma incusum f^criture mixedte)

3. Likewise Coat of arms:

; Dog

1

7 Diana in the Biga without

coat of arms

4

28. Death.

31. Mat.

46. Sx. Q

49. L. CoiL

59. Victoria in the

Biga

63.Sar.

64. Pure.

65. Flaus.

69. L. Sauf.

71. Q. Marc. Libo

The Denarachats Ton PieTe-Qainta.

n

Blacw

Höntmeister

number

Mo.

72.

M. Atü. Saran.

1

74.

C. Antesii.

2

76.

L. Cup.

3

77.

Cn. Luer. Trio

4

93.

Cn. Gel.

3

99.

C. Vol. C. f. Flac.

1

100.

C. Rem.

3

101.

C.Cur. f. Meet.

1 yr

102.

M. Baein. Q. /. Tampil.

5

104.

M. Carba

3

106.

C. Cato

5

107.

Q. Minus. Call.

1

108.

M. Fan. C. f.

8

110.

sex. Po. Fortlus

2

111.

Ti. Vet.

1

122.

L. Minuci.

4

124.

C. Servers. M. /.

1

126.

M. Aburi. M. f. Gem.

1

127.

P. Mae, Ant.

2

128.

M. Pore. Laeea

2

132.

M. Varg.

2

133.

Cn. Cathedral.

1

134.

M. Marc.

3

135.

T.Q.

1

137.

Ti. Minuei. C. f. Augurini 2

138.

M'. Aeili. Trees

?o

140.

L. Opeimi.

2

146.

C. Serveil.

1

147.

Q. Fabi. Labeo

4

155.

(M'. Aemilio Lep.)

3

Number of preservation and remarks.

stampish

1) If the indication of the StäekiaU is missing in the original, probably in the Sats anageialen.

12

M. Bahrfeldt

Blacas Mint Master

No.

156. L, Phüippus

157. C. Ca88%.

161. M. dpi. M, f.

162. Q. Lutati. Cerco q,

163. C«. Blasio Cn. f.

164. C. Z'on«.

166. M, Calid, Q. MeteL, Cn.

Folv. and vice versa

167. b. M. Sila., Q. Curt.

168. M, Sergi, Silus q. 170. a. M. Äureli Scann

y, b. Li. Cosco, M, f.

y, c. C. Malle, C, /.

^ d. L. Pomponi, Cn. f.

173. L. Flaniini. Cilo

175. L. Memmi.

176. C. AfcAi?/' 180. IV. FaH. Pictor

182. eleven. f omK L. f. Ph(i)li

183. T. ClovlL 186. TV. Q

188. L. Thorius Balbua

190. a. L. Saturn.

191. a. L. MeteL, A. Albin. S./.,

C. JlfaH.

Number of contents and comments.

2 1

6 3 4 1

2

2

4

2

1

2

1

4

4

2

1

2

1

2

1

1

1 of which is fresh from the stamp

of which 1 with Rs. incus

4 of them 1 fresh from the stamp

1) There is an oversight here. Author writes pag. 26: T. de Filippo V. di Hacedonia; dietro f I. — Bs. Q. FiKpui, Filippo a cavallo ; nel campo a. s. nn elmo; Roma. — But these ms. and rs. do not belong together, the one is ms. des Denarius Blacas 166 L. Philippns, this, on the other hand, Rs. of the denarius Blacas 142 Q. Pilipns. A stampTertanschang seems to be attached, as there are 2 copies Goal lying, Tielmebr will be the treasure, the author see also aaf No. 3266 of the Fv Brettischen Eataloges, two denarii dea L. Philippas, Blacas 166 have hold.

The Denanehatc ron Pi»Te-QainU.

18

BlacM HfiDzmeuter

Number

No.

191.c. C. Times.

2

y, d. i4. Albinua S. f.

3

j, e. A. Albinus S. /.

1

194 Ap. CL, T. Times,

J. t/r.

and vice versa

7

1 of which is fresh from the stamp

195. a. a CoiL Cald.

1

j, b. Cald.

1

196. C. Fundan. q.

1

fresh from the stamp

197. M. Herenni.

4

198. L. July.

2

199. L. July. L. f. Caesar

4

205. L. Memmi. Gal.

3

206. C. Sulpici. C.f.

1

207. Lent. Mar. f.

1

212. L. Püo L. f. Frugi

13

213. D. SUanus L. f.

:

11 1

214. Q. Titi.

\ g

a

<

b

4 10

(*

4

2 of which are fresh from the stamp

215. L. Titvri. Sabine.

^

6

• 3

Ic

12

216. C. Vibius C, f. Pansa { *

23 2

226. L. C. Memie^ L. f.

4

227. b. L. Censorin.^ C. Lime^

tan.y P. Creptuti.

5

" c. L. Censar.

8

“ d.P. Crepuhi.

9

- b

9

228 L. /2ti6rt. Z)om^.

6

c

5

14

tf. Bahrfeldt;

BlacM No.

229.

230.

231. 232.

Häozmeister

Cn, LentuL C, censors.

Number of preservation and comments. 11

I

233. 234. 235. 236. 237.

a 3

b9

Ti. Claud. Ti. f. Ap. n. 2 L. Stäla imp., L. Manli.

perq. 1

AT. Foentet. C. f. 11 including 2 with ex. a. p.

L. Yui. Bursio M. Fan., L, Crit. aed. pl. Q. Anto, Balb. pr, C. Val. Flac. imperative.

238. b. C. Tarquiti. P.f.q.

239.g. Without a name (Ver. Gar.

Ocul.) 241. C. Norbantts.

248. a. Q. a M, R i.

249. C. Mari. C. f. Capit. A. Post. A. f. S. n. I a

250.

251. 252. 253. 254. 255.

Albin. L. Rutili. Flac. L. Ccusi. Q.J. C. Nae. Bai. L. Daddy. C. Poblici. Q. /,

{

256. L. Prodli. f.

257. M. Voltei. M.f.

258. Kaleni, Cordt.

259. a. Cn. Len. q.

1 4 2 3 1 5 2 4

2 of which are fresh from the stamp

a bit messed up

4 1 6 1 1

12 2 3 4 2 4 7 1

13 of them 1 fresh from the stamp 4

1 of which is mint, 1 slightly

suspected

The Denanchfttz Ton Pieye Quinta.

15

BUcas MoiuiiMister

No.

261.c. C. EgnatiuB Cn. f.

Cn, n, Max8umti8

262. L. Farsulei. Mensor

263. L, Lucreti, Trio

266. P. Galb. ae/curr

267. M, Plaetorius M. f. (a

aed, cur, Ceatianus \ b 269. b. Fatiatus

271. Svfenaa

272. a. (Bratus, Ahala) " b. (Brutus)

Aaiah] Receipt and comments

2 3 5 3 3

273.

M. Scaur. aed. cur.y P. Hupsaeus aed. cur, 23

a 1

b1

2

1

4

274. P. Ypsae,

275. Faust. (Mon.)

{ {

a b

276. a. Cn. Plaudus aed. cur.

278. Caesar

279. M\ Acutus III vir

280. a. FauUtiM Lepidua ^b. Paullus Lepidus^ Libo " c. Libo

281.c. (A/. Lepidus)

282. M\ Aqua., M\ f. M\

n. III vir

284.c. Q. Camus

285. Longin. III v.

' a

b 288. L. Cossuti. C. f. &Umla

fresh from the stamp

8 dayon 1 fresh from the stamp 1

3 of them 1 fresh from the stamp

5, 1

4. 1

286. Caldu« ni vir

{

9»

22 of them “some^ fresh from the stamp 9 of them 2 fresh from the stamp 7 3 6

1

4 of which 1 fresh from the stamp, 2 et- what...

2

8 of them 1 fresh from the stamp

1 1 2

A

IQ H. Bahrleldt:

Blacas H anzmeister Number of Preservation and Notes.

No.

290. a. F. Fonteiua P. f. Capüo

HI, 3

291. L. Fürt Cn. f. Brocchi

III vir 4 of which 2 freshly canceled

292. C. Eosidi. C. f. Geta

III vir 7 » 2 “

295. Philippus U of which "emige" stamp fnsch

296. b. C. Memmi. C. f. 2 of which 1 fresh from the stamp

297. a. Q. Pom. Rvfi. 1 ^b. Q. Pompei. Call. 5

298. Q. Pomponi. Müsa 5 of which 2 are fresh from the stamp

1 etc. etc.

299. C. Postumi. Ta. 4

300. L. Ro8ci. Fabati. 4

301. C. ServeiL C. f. 3

307. M. Piso M. /. Frugi 1

308. Marcellinus 1

Caesar Aeneas and Anchises 25 of which "some" fresh from the stamp

“ Tropaeum, partly with JJI 8

Magn. proco8,y Varro proq. 1 fresh from the stamp C. Coponius proq,^ Q. Sicinius

III vir 5 of which 1 freshly canceled

Q. Sicinius III vir 1

Jkf. Ca

Q. Jfc^e/. Pitt« Scipio imp. 3 of them 1 fresh from the stamp C. Caesar imp. cos. iter^ A. Allie-

nu8 procos. 1 somewhat dirty Cos. tert. dict iter, augur ponL

maw, 8

The Denanchttz Yon PieTe-Quinta.

17

Hünzmeister

Number of preservation and comments

Eq. Magnus imp,^ M. Poblici. leg.

propr. 2

C Aniius C. f. Reatio 1

T. Carisius III vir 31

C. CansiduiS Paetvs

M\ Cordius Ruftia III vir

L. Ho9tiliuB Saserna

A. Licinius Neroa III vir

L. Papiua Celsus III vir

L. PUiutius Plancua

L, Valerius Aciaculus

L. Bucüy Caesar dict perpetuo

M. Mettius^ Caesar imp.

P. Sepulliua Macer^ Caesar the.

perp. C. Cossutius Maridianus a. a. a.

f. /., Caesar parens patriae Albinus Bruti /. Albinus Bruti f.y C Pansa C. Vibius C. f. C. n. Pansa C, Cassi. imp.y LerUulus SpüU. P, Accoleius Lariscobts Caesar dic.^ M. Anton, imp. L. Livineius regulus

20

28

9 3 2 9 6 1 1

1 9 1 9 1 1 1 13

L. Mussidius Lcmgus P. Clodius M. f. C. Vibius Varus

5 2

4

fresh from the stamp

1 of which is stamped

2 a bit dirty of which “some” fresh from the stamp 1 of which is fresh from the stamp

1 with Rs. incos 1 of which is stamped

1 of which is stamped

fresh from the stamp

something dirty 1 of which is fresh from the stamp

fresh from the stamp.

suspected

3 of which are fresh from the stamp, 8 white

slightly muted, 1 with Rs.

incns something dirty fresh from the stamp 2 of which are fresh from the stamp

2 little dirty.

Greetings H. Bfthrfeldt:

The Yorcasarian Denarii offer essentially nothing New, the value of the treasure of Pieve-Quinta rests rather on the presence of the last listed pieces which the results of the treasure of Yigatto in an excellent manner be confirmed and supplemented. From the Cordova finds, Santa Anna and Vigatto concludes Mommsen (journal for Num. n. p. 67 fg., that the denarius with Caesar dicXM, Anton, imp. before the Triumvirate in the autumn of 711 during the Muti- Chinese War and that the denarii of L. Livi- neius Regulus and L. Mussidius Longus also in the year 711 belong, v. Sallet a. a. O. IV, p. 135 fg. leads this re- Results further indicate the dating of Borghesis, who the Coins of P. Glodius M. f. for the year 716 ninmit, for convincing reasons and unites it rather with L. Livineius Regulus, L. Mussidius Longus ^and a fourth ^ to a Quattuorvim Gollegium of the year 711 ^). This is now fully confirmed by our hon. the not only denarii of the monetaryist P. Accoleius Lariscolus, L. Livineius Regulus and L. Mussidius Longus, as well as the denarius of Antonius imp. with Caesar the. contains, but also stamp fresh denarii of Quattuorvir Glodius and especially denarii that unknown “Fourth” of the Collegium, C. Vibius Varus. — I do not hide from myself the fact that this dating of the mouths zen of Varus are opposed to many concerns - above all As far as I know, he never calls himself IIII vir a on the coins. p. f. as Regulus, Longus and Glodius do this in unison - But if you give this treasure from Pieve-Quinta a fully valid If the power of wisdom is given to us, the coin activity of the C. Vibius Varus to move further up, and the connection of the The same thing with those mentioned to form a Gollegium is then merely necessary consequence.

Stade in March 1882.

The Denaracbatz yod Pieye-Qainta. 19

After the above in the manuscript to the editor was sent to this magazine, I received the information from it theilong that the Collegium of the year 711 was already through the Cajazzo's find was secured. (Yergl. Duhn in the magazine. f. Number y, 232 fg. and A.v. Sallet in: Gomment. etc. in hon. Th. Mommseni, the addition to the essay on Caesar p. 824). — I would like to take the opportunity to add this here, all the more so as Pieve-Quinta's find has no bearing on this loses meaning. Through him, the Collegium now also becomes of 711 was not first established, but it gives a very wished confirmation of the results obtained so far.

Stade, May 1882.

M. Bahrfei German

Silesia's coins in the Middle Ages.

Ending. (Plate II.)

The Heller,

We have seen that in the previous period there were already more multiple pledges of the minting rights to cities took place and we have also emphasized^ that relatively extremely Few products from these awards can be proven with any certainty let. We have found them all the more numerous in recent decades of the XIV, but especially in the XV. Century coins in of urban origin and character, even from such places- companies whose right to mint cannot be proven in documents.

But with regard to this the situation is now different, as in the previous epoch, where a similar phenomenon was recorded became: there are no longer ducal ones in them, but to really see municipal coins, be it that The mining privilege of the city in question was lost or the right to mint was usurped by the same. The ducal coins come from now put in the background for the next while.

This isn't wonderful. Which already before, as we see, the princely power declined in the following decades more and more in disrepair. Some of the plastic lines die from other families, including later the Poděbrady family, preserve their lands. Confusion and ejiege are still on the order of the day, the Hussite Wars, during which Silesia as a result of its neighborhood with Bohemia through numerous building projects

F. Friedensbnrg: Silesia's Hähnen in the Middle Ages. 21

Trains suffered particularly badly, bringing a lot of misery to the country especially about villages and barges, of which there are quite a number goes under The fiefdom also reduces the reputation and the strength of the remaining princes. Despite all this, it stands out the power of the cities: their trade flourishes regardless of the borderless Unsafe roads. Wool, canvas, beer make up the Main articles of trade,^ which rich treasures accumulate in the cities- pile up. The splendor of many town halls and churches^ the numerous Regulations and decrees against luxury and waste large donations, which, according to the chronicles, the cities Presented to princes during visits or family events eloquent testimony to the prosperity of the cities. If a replacement to defend against the Turkish army, which was becoming ever more burning at the time. The Pope wrote in particular that the danger should be taken to the citizens of Wroclaw, who always willingly join teams and provided wagons for this purpose. Yes, the city of Wroclaw dared^ to resist the powerful King George Poděbrady and she succeeded in escaping his supremacy: she sided with his rival Matthias Corvinus. —

Since the disappearance of denarii, the coin design of Silesia has been As far as the types of money are concerned, up to the appearance of the thalers, which In our case it happened very late, in 1541, a very colorful but little one changing, as will be explained later. We have Gold coins of 20 groschen, groschen of 12 hellers and heller. The calculation coins are also marks, as well as shock coins. Groschen and pound-heller.^) We deal with the heller us first

We have to distinguish between two types: a- sided or better hollow, and two-sided, which appear later.

1) The value of these male varieties among each other, like the Mark changes constantly and does not always correspond to the fixed distances in traffic the men's law. However, I have more information about this in the context of this Auftatses does not give ra villages believed.

22 F« Frledensbnrg:

The latter belong to the uniformity of appearance some types of one-sided but not hollow brights.

1. In the hollow pennies one can, so to speak, find a weak- resurrection of the Brak, which has been missing for around 80 years see teaten, an apparition that occurred at the same time in other countries, e.g. B. Saxony, Thuringia, Pomerania etc., later in Brandenburg. That these coins are no longer are to be regarded as actual bracteates, is known: you The documented name is “Heller^ ^) and they were therefore able to both according to the chronological order and according to their description You can only find your discussion here if you mention it. From this coin In general, it can only be stated that the work of this the same is usually a little delicate. The average weight The diameter of such a hollow penny is 0.22 - 0.23 g^ 14-16 mmi. We know a small number of these pieces, from most of which enable a certain allocation. It occurs:

Batiborer with half wheel and eagle, the old coat of arms of the city.

Schweidnitzer with the pig's head^ which soon turns to the right, soon looks to the left^ above him sometimes appears S or 8. It There is also a later type of this coin, it shows one Pig's head seen on the left and is made of copper. Your style shows that these coins are far younger than the other boar's head hellers, perhaps even shaped in more recent times. A find is mine I don't know who would have contained it, I only know it from the municipal collections in Wroclaw. The large number of these (old) Heller's suggestion suggests that in them the sole^) fruit of the bestowal, which is that original^ mentioned above

1) The name “Pfennige*, which Mader uses a few times, is therefore zn avoid, also because some writers describe the denarii in this way. draw.

2) Better "mainly". Because it can hardly be assumed that this Heller zaröckreich until 1361, perhaps soon after the enactment of that privilege

Sebleeiens Hanzen in the Middle Ages. 23

kande from 1361 can be seen. So I believe that like the common mint of the privileged Graced cities should be in Schweidnitz, also the character for they were all common, namely the Schweidnitzcr. A similar case of the coinage of different estates is shown below The contract mentioned later offers a common character from 1511. This explains why we are not of all in that The cities named in the first document have coins, and that the from some of them existing from a much later time belong to this Heller. By the way, it is also possible that those Heller to be mentioned below, with the eagle, also this one or another similar award, its creation thank you, the Ebe^kopfheller are the earlier ones. That the The privilege of 1361 has been repeatedly extended known. What those depicted by De Werdenck plates 31, 15 and 16 As far as one-sided farthing is concerned with the whole pig, they are, as I certainly believe, apocryphal. Maybe it was the author's fault a similar mark or the like before ^ which he, who in relation to the age of the coins often makes the most serious errors, considered an antique. In any case, I have no other lead of these pieces, and in the Rathsarchiv of Sweden nitz, where quite a few Heller stamps are still kept, are missing just these two.

Oppelner with half Ejreuz and half eagle. This one Bracteates are referred from Vossberg to Prussia been, while De wer deck is really giving them to Opole. I say: “right^; because numerous finds of these pieces in Silesia, which is often just them and the Adlerheller in their hundreds included, leave this provenance as the only one to be assumed appear, even if one wants to ignore the fact that the religious coins of that time are smaller and made of softer metal than these Silesians.

A pair of denarii were also minted, but these were due to their rarity and insignificance. not being able to be considered because of less.

24 F- Friedensbnrg:

Episcopal Wroclaw. Two species with the St. John's head as a type. These pieces can only be episcopal be urban, because of the urban Hellem that existed at that time just arose, and which will be described below, was a different format is prescribed.

Brighter with the eagle, which sometimes points one through three wears a hint of a crown. This piece is despite the bad Italian eagle is not actually common, but also in the The crown that occurs in the Bracteate and Denarius periods is certainly Silesian, the factory speaks too clearly against any other allocation. You will often found together with the Oppelnem, and it is over their origin has been expressed above. It There are a few other rarer types of better Adlerheller Style whose origins are even more obscure.

Heller with shell, a coin design that we have already seen in the Bracteate period, which unfortunately has not been clarified.

Brighter with letters: T, the usual, but without better justification than that T is an initial, according to Trebnitz be placed, whereby I once again use the so-called Trebnitz Denarius who wants to commemorate the one who shows the T on his shield, his allocation I have repeatedly described it as doubtful. It seems to me It's hard to believe that the initial of the city in which it is located ducal coin, for the sole display on the ducal character - because no one else expects it can be, has already been said above - been chosen •St. In addition, the circumstance may be used for comparison purposes It should not be ignored that much later, Breslau he Heller from the 1420s is just like that, as well have an unexplained T as a mint mark. Furthermore, SR occurs, i.e. Münsterberg or Freistadt, the latter of which has an SU in its coat of arms leads. Finally, Heller with a P should be mentioned, to which a crown is attached on the left side. This representation agrees with that which is on the two-sided farthings : Przemislaus I v. Troppau, 1366 - 1433, back: the Troppau coat of arms

Silesia's coins in the Middle Ages. 25

(wave number 12 400). There is little doubt that lie that the named Duke also has this coin, so one and two-sided pieces, has been embossed. You also had it Breslau episcopal hollow coins and two-sided municipal hellers.

II. The two-sided farthings are by far the more numerous. The bulk of them only appear later, although the oldest among them immediately after the Bohemian incorporation have been coined. Such is the comparative remark above because of the age of both species. So there are a and two-sided pieces, as we have seen, also in the same Duchy and in the same city, side by side for a while is circulating. The finds show the disappearance of the one-sided Pieces towards the end of the 3rd decade of the 15th century Saeculums, where The mass minting of the two-sided paper was actually just beginning takes. Of the former, the Schweidnitz people have lived the longest received in circulation, therefore the phenomenon can be explained by that so few two-sided Schweidnitz Heller are available.

There are some general things to note about the two-sided Hellems: notice, first of all, that most of them are quite petite are characterized, especially deserve as really handsome guys Miniature coins to be highlighted, the working miner man on Beuthnem and the bust of Saint Peter on a reclining nitzem. Sometimes you get it by the way it's attached the representation is based on the assumption that between individuals Cities have certain agreements on common coinage, though among their own types, have existed. So we find on several Varieties of Hellers a square with the eagle in it, above it and underneath $D, the initial of the city name twice to the side. In this type we have coins from Teschen with S and von Glogau with 6, the back contains the initial again. From the fact that the city of Glogau from 1383 to 1482 was half Perhaps this belonged to the Dukes of Teschen explain a conspicuous circumstance. An inconspicuous but yet familiar one The Wohlauers have also allowed themselves to imitate: they

26 F. Friedensbnrjf:

marked the main page of the Breslaner Heller with St. John's head in the circle on the edge twice Sß — W or Jß — ♦ — W after, where They put their bull's head instead of the Baptist's head. Man have to pay attention to all these little things, they sometimes bring but a little more light into the dark parts of our coins story. As far as the inscriptions are concerned, this is determined by them the above remark that the hellers are real city coins, proven. The inscriptions, sometimes identical on both sides^ are SaOÜ&TK QIVITATIS (usually just Q, which is also sometimes sometimes completely missing) RHTIBOR, BITOfitt (Beuthen), CBSSRaß and similar. The coins expressly describe themselves as cities coins, which did not occur in the previous period, by Inscriptions we WHRTaUBaRG, or even 6R0SSI 6L060- VIQßSQS, as we have seen, only the ducal mint call. Sometimes the inscription is continuous on both sides to read: SaOU&TR Hs. OPPÄVIB (Troppau) Rs. In others In some cases it only consists of individual letters SB. oneta Q ivitatis Bitom, 3pi8Copalis(Neisse) etc. Such symbols sometimes denote also the Münzer, for which Augsburg and Vienna offer analogies, without that we in Silesia have succeeded so far^ the names themselves to supplement or to reconstruct. Unfortunately these have gone through Letters expressed in individual letters bring a lot of bad luck directed by leading to arbitrary and false readings and Allocations provided occasion. The city of Münsterberg especially presents an impressive list of such names of mint masters Here follow the refutation of Mader's view (p. 148), that there was no such thing back then, and to rejection of all attempts at interpretation such as Bolkoni's Privilegio and the like: l— ♦, S— 6, H— Ä, 0— L, B— P, p— 0. Likewise come up Wohlauer coins have the letters H and I — H, which denote the Mint master there lohann Holu... (we know more about not his name, maybe it was Holau). By the way In addition to these mint masters' names, there are also mint marks, e.g. E.g. lily, star, moon, ringlet etc., apparently for the purpose of

Silesia's coins in the Middle Ages. 27

Differentiation of the different emissions is appropriate. Er- I think there is also the interesting inscription on Fried- iaender Vol. Y p. 288 v. Sallet's magazine published Heller: RGflSSR bSIiLer, doubly interesting as a value designation like as the oldest example of German inscriptions in Silesia, the first Around 1500 a VLRICH GROF CZV GLOCZ follows up against it The value designation OBVLVS, which Dewerdeck is based on that of him plate 31 no. 17 pictured Heller believes that on error (cf. the remark below). By the way, comply These Hellem a pretty noticeable difference in size and Weight whether, but for its development in general Don't allow Hegelians to be set up by both older and newer ones Pieces vary between each other in both relationships. The through- cutting weight varies from 0.2 0.23, 0.27, 0.28 to 0.33 g, the Diameter of 12-14 mm, including pieces of this type same genus. More detailed information including dating ▼Researchers must prepare for later, more specific work. be retained.

The Gabinet of the Silesian Heller is - and not just for the reason mentioned before - a real Augenias stable of errors and fantasies, so it may be permitted to go through it quickly and tidy it up a little, At least a few of the worst errors have been dispelled become.

Under the ducal Hellem are legally entitled first and foremost those of the supreme dukes, i.e. i. the kings of Bohemia. Of course there are "supreme ducal" Hellem, Groschen etc. only the coins that the kings of Bohemia had to understand as such not as current holders of ducal They are shaped by different cultures and how they shape their character, as much as we can know, only provided with types related to these. This is what the Glatz coins and also the Jägemdorfer coins teach dimes; The Glogauer Groschen also offers an analogy King Sigismund of Poland, on which the royal title is missing. Had

28 P* Friedeiubanir:

We also have coins from other ducal fimers at the time they were who stood directly in front of the kings would only do so They should be duke's coins, not king's coins. But also without one The kings in the country could buy coins, and if Mader in the Heller from Jauer a coin of King John from the time, If you want to see where this Glogau belonged, your audience speaks Division of the absolutely non-king-type piece only for the view expressed here.

We only have two species from Matthias Cprvinus - Heller on the side with a two-field coat of arms^ next to and above it 5I2(atthias) B(ohemiae) R(ex), and Adler, which the latter on another genus through St. Wenceslas with an eagle sign is replaced. Wladislaus only left his mark on this one-sided Heller (not to be confused with the hollow Heller!) with his crowned name initial. This type of coin (with the crowned initial) is used by the following kings for centuries been coined for a long time, we still have it from Ferdinand HI. such a piece from 1647. That it is specifically Silesian, is not Bohemian, is documented (see Dewerd. p. 125), Nor do they have an urban character like the Bres- Lauer Hellern will be discussed. The one since Ludwig^) next to the The initial appearing letters R— P should probably be Rex first Primus mean, R B (ohemiae.) appears from Rudolph onwards. At this point we should remember the document from 1511 (printed from Dewerd. p. 816 fg.), in which there is a large

1) The L on its light is usually squiggly, very rarely straight linear. According to what has been found, these pieces are not allowed to be used, not even in part give to LadislauB. It would be too conspicuous if Ladislan's coins were included R - P would have been embossed and these letters would have been embossed on the pieces again Ludwigs and then appeared in an unbroken line. In addition, are all of these bright tone of the most beautiful sameness of style. The Heller Maders (No. 5Q with lions and 'L^ I haven't come across yet; maybe a hermaphrodite like pieces known to me with crowned W Rs. WLADISLAYS etc. around the Lions, which are a combination of the one-sided Bohemian and Schl- represent the WL's sian farthing.

Schleden's Mänzon in the IGtel age. 29

connect number of scuse forests and estates with the king, for 6 years in the royal. Coin for Breslau Heller with to have your bill paid for in royal style. Here- This explains the frequency of the royal Heller, while ducal ones from this time do not exist. Maybe too The validity of this contract has been extended The phenomenon mentioned speaks for this.

We also find Heller with an eagle and a chessboard and so on Even though these signs are general, I still believe in them To be able to assume the Liegnitz-Briegian character, yes on the well-known Hedwigsgroschen of Friedrich H. on the main The coat of arms consisting of an eagle and chess squared appears on the side. Older are the Heller with St. Hedwig and Adlerschild in the three- pass, in the corners of which the letters LDH appear, which read correctly Isudowicus Dux Bregensis and the addition divided to Ludwig H. f 1436, or to Ludwig III. f 1441 (Grotef. IX. 19 and 23 respectively). The saint is not St. Barbara^ like Dew. incorrectly assumes that it is also on the The picture of the monastery she founded was a penny Trebnitz carrying Hedwig. Maders doubts about the age of this Hellers, who after his secured by several good copies Authorizes a relatively specific allocation certainly unfounded. Also Beuthner and Wohlauer Heller out of that time have the picture in the trefoil. Instead of the eagle shield in the trefoil there is also the naked eagle and the surrounding font ß (ummus) BRG66mSIS>). The Troppauer Heller was thought above From Teschen^) we know two very rare Heller Casimir IV (1477 - 1528), one of whom has no writing, the other has the inscription SaOüGJR (Hs.) DVOIS KAZISDIRI (Rs.), both

1) The difference between this inscription and z. B. SttOUfiTK

a BITOffi!

2) The Stock Hader No. 68 is a Teschen threesome from 1611 not from 1611, as there are from several years

30 F- Friddensburg;:

but as types bear the initial Iflf and the eagle. Have from Sagan we have a very rare piece, which is also still under the Heller to be counted, although its weight is 0.43 ^, its diameter is 15 inm is. It has the inscription Hh lOIiHQS around an eagle Rs. HH SA6ÄßI by an S. It seems to be judged by writing etc. from John I.y. Sagan (Grotef. II, 27). To these The well-known episcopal bressier shoots ducal coins Lauish Heller from Rudolph von Rüdesheim (1468 - 82). R - 6 - W around the bishopric's coat of arms Rs. St. Johannes im Felde. Lily. This is now followed by the Heller from the County of Glatz, theirs Coins from the Silesian are inseparable. Theirs Hellem has had a bad time, as everyone else has G designated. Their allocations continually fluctuate between Glatz, Glogau and Görlitz. After Glatz, it's safe to say all which show one and one lion. This namely, which is found on Glatzer, but never on Glogau seals^ still forms the symbol of the local mint on Thalem in 1628 and pennies of Ferdinand IH. Soon that will appear behind that Lions on one-sided pieces, soon there are animals and letters distributed on both sides of two-sided farthings. The Görlitzer Heller are heavier and have a completely different appearance than the Silesian ones. According to tradition (Leitzm. p. 32), the Glatz Mint owes its existence its establishment by Georg Poděbrady, the said county in 1454 acquired, and immediately with King Ladislaus' approval Brighter began to be minted, because it was very small were, a great lament was raised. This news is over expand that there are already two documents from 1437, in which King Sigismund commands the Breslauem that they from him or later his tenant, a nobleman from Czaste- lovdtz should take the Heller minted in Glatz and let it go. It follows that these hellers were also low in content are. By the way, other one-sided coins were also minted in Glatz are proven by the farthings of Ulrich von Hardeck, who dated 1500 Glatz owned it until 1522 (published by Dbg. in Berl. Bl. HI p. 285).

L

Silesia's coins in the Middle Ages. 31

They are all one-sided, some with the Bohemian lion, around which the above-mentioned German inscription, the others with 2 coats of arms.

When it comes to the urban Hellem, we start cheaply with the ones Wroclaw. There is a short but very clear and exact compilation of the Wroclaw coins with good ones Illustrations by H. Freiherm v. Saurma in Silesia Previously published in Word and Image, Vol. II Issue 9 is. They are referred to here. Dewerdeck also has it of course busy with the same in detail, but as usual a lot of errors presented. The following should be noted briefly. In 1334 Breslau bought the so-called Brenngaden^) and is said to have acquired the right to mint. One handwritten message therefore reports about a farthing with the name and title of King John, under his rule Breslau came as early as 1327. This Heller is said to have the character of this that of Charles IV. Secure documentary messages and coins we only have from the time of King Charles: an original lore from 1362, which expressly gave the city the right to the Heller gives embossing and accordingly brighter with the in the Privilege prescribed stamp, lion and eagle together with the Transliterations f KROL' • BOIi <> RQX and ißOßeTR o WKKT. If the city had minted money earlier, this would be the document have probably mentioned, so that Heller is certainly not Johann's authentic. 'We still have such farthings from Wenzel analogue transliteration, later this is omitted, it is only with lion and eagle coined. Both heraldic animals also appear in a square, on the sides of which there are two W - R respectively. JB—W is set; these are the supposedly square Breslau Heller, on which Dew. incorrectly also Karls FV. initial believes to see,

1) d. i. The institution aod facility xar melting of the for the manze certain precious metal and the daimas flowing income.

32 F. peace bond:

while only Wenceslaus is named. Soon afterwards a short attempt follows, to make the city's autonomy more prominent in its character, (very rare) Heller coins are minted with St. John's head and an eagle. Then come the known ones after 1420, probably since 1422 frequent Heller with St. John's head and lion, including the latter Mint marks sometimes appear e.g. B. star, moon, ringlets etc., like at the same time also between the letters SU - W iß - W der Main page. These are the so-called “Rempelheller” because of this the Baptist's large beard & also "Erempelbart" or Called “Judenbartheller”. The correct origin of her name is to be found in the fact that there were two violent people in the council at that time Men Named Bede, ("sed non venerabilis" says the chronicler) and Rempel sat, with reference to which and the character of the remembered Heller the Yolkswitz rhymed: The Breslers have found a new find, They sleep on the Heller Rempels beard and Beden dog etc. (Rositz Chronicon ad a. 1422 in Sommersberg Ss. I 74.) This is the true one also through the name registers of the Breslauer Rath confirmed facts, which are followed by strange fables and Name distortions, like Dewerd. p. 736 fg. proves. This is followed by those during the reign of Heller minted by King Matthias Corvinus, the main side is that of the royal farthing described, while the Rs. the Baptist as on the episcopal Hellem, but without lily shows. This is followed by the Heller with W or V on the ms., reverse the Bohemian lion, sometimes H underneath. That these hellers are urban necessarily follows from the fact that that otherwise Breslau for the time of the reign of Vladislaus no coins could be allocated, which is not acceptable st, which is also refuted by the findings and the circumstances is that the Wroclaw magistrate still has the Stamps that were used to mint these hellers are find. The ones previously created under the Upper Ducal Hellenians

Scbl«Bien8 Münsen in the Middle Ages. . 33

wanted one-sided pieces with W are apart from that only the kings, not the city^ also other one-sided farthings have shaped^ mn therefore consider za to be royal, because She was crowned with the W, the first letter of the king's name show, here this letter is the initial of the city name and therefore crowned, as it also appears in the coat of arms. I I hope that these considerations finally give way to the errors and doubts which have existed since Dewerdeck and Vogt on these pieces will end. Finally, the Heller should be mentioned from the time of Ludwig with crowned L R, reverse the lion. With that However, the name of the city and its sovereignty over coins become visible, The council, probably soon after this coinage began, had put a W under the lion. Also from these two pieces' The stamps are in the Breslauer Rathsarchiv, so Maders Doubts about the same (p. 249 note 1) are resolved. We see from this compilation^) that the emergence of the specific Cifish urban types versus the royal ones Coins of the city of Wroclaw do not follow any specific rules takes place, soon the imprint is more autonomous^ now more royal character. By the way, it should be emphasized that strictly ') Wroclaw is the only city in Silesia whose mouth zen bear royal names and royal emblems. This is not a sign of Wroclaw's lower autonomy the small towns, rather it testifies to the higher primal jumps of his coinage right, which the free capital the Kings constantly awarded the small ducal towns

1) The "Pfemug" mentioned by Yoa Mader p. 172 snr with an Öfeld coat of arms I think the Silesian eagle is far from apocryphal, it's probably a dime 1621, the transcriptions of which were sawn off. Such men sometimes come times before.

2) With Schweidnitx and Jägerndorf, on their Mxn. also called kings

the situation is different, the royal names there have a completely different one

other meanings, as will be demonstrated when discussing the pennies.

About the Neisser Heller see below.

8

34 * P- Fiiedenibuig:

Dukes have only pledged. Breslaa coins in its own right, the other cities belong to the temporary Yerleihang. Something analogous The German imperial and provincial cities offer in their characteristics.

We also have Heller from;

Auschwitz, tower between 0- S and Adler with the In- writing on both sides: fflOßaTff • OSSVRaiß.-.

Beuthen 1) Working miner and eagle, 2) B and Adler, 3) B in trefoil and eagle.

Bolkenhain eagle shield above SU (oneta) Rs. Duke's head^ about it h. The piece is determined despite the duke's head urban; it is the fJQcag imivvfiog, so to speak, of the city is shown here. Freibnrg initial F between the coins letters I - E. No other city fits this F than Freiburg, from which^) it is documented that the coinage been given right.

Freistadt. Hs. SU Rs. Tower. The 512 is, as already mentioned, seems to be part of the Freistadt coat of arms. That these farthings here- handwritten documents attest to this, not to Münsterberg News. It would also be the case if you wanted to have SU on all Heller Münsterberg, the coin series of this city is too large, while Freistadt, which, as numerous documents prove, has shaped would come away empty-handed. The Heller probably also belongs here with 512 in sight, Rs. S and it means S, as on the picture called Heller Duke John, Sagan. After that the piece would fall into place the period from 1476 to 88, when Freistadt belonged to an intended duchy.

Glogau. There are many types of Heller from this city: 1) St. Nicholas and eagle shield, 2) Mary with child, soon with soon without nimbus, Rs. Adler, for which Dewerdeck p. 118 the absolutely nonsensical allocation to Vladislaus I and his Son has brought up, which unfortunately Mader doesn't necessarily help him with There is injustice, although the portrayal of a prince is included carrying his son in his arms was unheard of and unheard of in those times

8) Not Friedeberg as Leitimann p. 32 believes

Silesia's coins in the Middle Ages 35

Example would be. 3) as before, in the field of the Hs. a Gothic one Minoskele Bach stave, which I use far h rather than Yossberg for g would like to hold, but without proving its importance can. 4) G and the eagle in the square, on its sides Yß—G—iss—G, which was spoken of above; Yossberg has read on his poorly preserved piece SD 6 (no. 29 d. text), such an abbreviation does not occur. 5) and 6) G and eagles respectively. Eagle shield in many varieties. That these Heller after Glogau does not belong in Görlitz, as the surroundings prove stated that Glogau has a G in its coat of arms, as well as their Ueber^ agreement with the other Glogauem in weight and Elabitus. Vossberg's remark about their determination of time, which he takes from the deposit of eagle shields is inappropriate Appropriate, since we don't have any Glogauer Heller with the lion at all know. Perhaps the "royal" part of G. has among the Not coined by kings themselves.

Which farthings are given to the ducal, which to the king-^ to attribute the borrowed part remains doubtful.

Upper Glogau: coat of arms and eagle.

Jauer: ^ next to it G — G or SU — SU. Rev. Eagle shield. These hellers were allocated incorrectly several times, including by Mader by placing them either in Glatz or in Glogau. Many analogies show that 3 is the initial of a city name, since similar ducal coins are missing, and that the letters G G and SQ. SQ. Mint master's marks are. We know that Documents that Jauer owned the right to mint and that it was the same exercised, the allocation to Jauer comes about automatically.

Kosel. HeUer with K and Adler, about which to compare the remark in Sallet's magazine IX. p. 78.

Shot. That this city received the Heller Weidhas XIV. 29 are to be shared is by Fr. Bardt in Sallet's magazine. IV. S. 200 unier Bemfong on the city coat of arms correctly proven been. Unfortunately, I don't have the Philippi book cited there

36 F. Friedensboig:

at hand, and I therefore know the privilege of Joachim I. v. 1509 not. It should be mentioned that as early as 1470 the coin certificate of Matthias “Ejrossener^ Heller, which continues to be considered to be of good should run. Whether these older pieces disappeared is unknown or identical with those coined under the said privilege I'm not sure.

Liegnitz. St. Petras. Rs. Adler i) or instead of the saint two crossed keys.

Löwenberg. Brighter with L between K and L. Rs. Adler- The shield should probably be moved here, partly because of the initial because of, on the other hand, because Löwenberger Heller is mentioned in a document become.

Luben. Madonna with Eind emerging from half an eagle - growing (the coat of arms) and eagle.

Münsterberg. SQ. and eagle shield with many coin letters and mint marks, partly on the ms. partly on the reverse.

Namslau. 1) H and E^rone. 2) Erone and E[reuz, in whose Angles 2 crowns H and S. 3) Crown and Bohemian lion. The piece depicted by Dewerdeck plate 41, 15 with a crown and Adler shines the well-known Heller from Wladislaus Yamensis to be. He gives his assistance without any justification would be all the more necessary as the crown in the Namslau coat of arms does not appear. We base ours on the initial and the Documentary mention of the Namslau Mint. The piece ad 3 By the way, it is by no means Görlitzian. Unfortunately it is very weak Inscription on the beautiful copy of this coin that I have not completely legible, but it seems to bear the name Namslau included.

Neisse. In addition to what has already been mentioned in this paper, described in detail by Friedlaender with ßSISSRbSLL

1) Compare here the completely foolish, apparent age determination This stack mocking story toh the Peterspfennigen that came with this Heller has absolutely nothing to do with Dew. 8. 806 lg

Silesia's Monzen in the Middle Ages. 37

with lily and monogram from ttx^) later Heller with eagle shield on the lily, instead of which a shield with 3 lilies was created. seems, on the latter stack on both sides SQoneta Q • Bpiscopalis The fact that these pieces are in no way episcopal is proven by their entirety Character.

Oils. St. Johann's eagle with banner and nimbus n. L Rs. Eagle shield. On both sides the letters ifi — — L (more- more varieties. This heller is still mostly sold to Ohlau today given on the basis of the authority of Dew erdeck, who in the very clearly typical, incidentally also in the rare ones Oelser groschen and half-groschen from Karl and Albert von Münsterberg also depicted, eagles, the Ohlauer Hahn and in the banner is intended to indicate the name of the city Believed to see eel (!), although on the old Ohlau seals no eel ever appears, which only uncritical times due to this The unfortunate division of the Heller into the Ohlau coat of arms have tried to impose (y. Saurma coat of arms of the Schles, cities p. 234).

Ratibor. Hehn Rs. Adler. 2) Helmet Rs. half eagle and half wheel in several varieties. The Lischrift WOßÖnTK RÄTIBORie or Q-RATIBORIG closes it through the helmet Mader's assumption that a poorly preserved one piece was available; that this was a ducal. Mze. be, out. The er- There is nothing wrong with the appearance of the helmet in the Silesian city coat of arms - special; there are several examples of this.

Schweidnitz. What is striking is the fact that that we know few two-sided farthings from this city. We

1) This Heller probably shouldn't be royal, like FriedUender gknbt. Documentary information about the HansTerhiltnisse of Neisse in that one I haven't been able to get the time yet, but it can be assumed that that in the turmoil of that time the council, if not even the cathedral chapter of Breslau, has minted this coin. The king had none at all for himself Yeranlassong hieno, his name was probably only intended to cover the character, to give him surroundings. loof shafts. The eminent rarity of this piece suggests that it is no is a kind of opportunity coin

3g F. Friedensbnrf;:

only have a very rare one with a griffin and a boar, on which the transcription is clear on my very nice copy S - V - Q - I - D says in which Dewerdeck the unheard of

OBVLVS read.

Teschen. Three towers, above the middle S and eagle; femer @ and Adlerschild, an older and several newer species, as well as G and eagle in the square around which SE. — S — eat — G.

Troppau. Coat of arms and lion shield. Two types.

Oh well. Bull head and eagle or eagle shield in many Yarieties also with coin letters. From the double $ß -^W reads Dewerdeck p. 775 incorrectly identified WVlaria.

These are the allocations of the Silesian Heller^ like them probably rightly appear to be justified. You should put it on the Do not dispute the initials as unsafe and about addressing some as ducal. Your character is like that The equation shows the usage, as determined by the city the initial of the city name on coins, seals and in the coat of arms one so general, the ducal Heller, on the other hand, so isolated and of a completely different type, which is appropriate for those communicated Assignments not as conjectures but as results of one With attentive observations and logical conclusions may consider.

The pennies. This type of coin appears noticeably late in Silesia one considers that^ although in Bohemia since around 1300 large- In Silesia, such things only occurred from King Matthias Gorvinus are minted. Of course we see from the half- groschen denarii, and here are only the actual ones, wide and flat, meaning pennies. Overall, the large Initially, our impression was seen as quite weak. draw, only two species are with the king's name in Silesia and after his death she alone shaped the city of Breslau further. Only towards the end of the 15th century and beginning of the XVL year-

Rail D8 holes in the middle] tlter. 39

Now there are more of them. But that's what they're up for kept in traffic for a very long time. A brief overview of the Individual characteristics may suffice here, but in general there is nothing to notice, except that with all the pennies the through» Cutting weight 2.13 to 2.38 gr (Turzo) 2.11 to 2.25 gr (Breslau, Matthias) is 2.05 to 2.16 gr (Breslau Wladislaus).

None are known of Upper Ducal pennies. The one at Dewerdeck from an older author mentioned “Matthieser^ with the Madonna seemed to this otherwise little doubtful person Writers worry, I also believe that there is a mistake here change with the Jägemdorfer or a specifically Hungarian one Groschen is available. On the other hand, we know dimes from

Liegnitz-Brieg. 2 species by Friedrich IL (1488—1547) (Grotef. X. 2) namely Hs. Adler or the four-field coat of arms, Rev. St Hedwig (Dew. Plate 6, no. 36 and 37). Of the first kind There are countless varieties, including several of the latter.

It takes a long time to get by with these pennies can. Dew. gives both to Frederick I, although he already has the description of a penny with a coat of arms and the year number 1505 was available, which he rejects without grandeur; Mader is looking Due to the character of the writing, both types belong to Friedrich I and II. to reveal, first Dannenberg, who went to Berl. BL 3 p. 287) another penny with the year 1505 - another one is coming not before — published, recognized the right thing. Because although However, the writing character of the coat of arms pennies is usually one seems older, there are among the eagle pennies that mine There are very many different ones, including those with older I know the letters I see and vice versa with modern writing To a distribution or other allocation is therefore not conceivable.

There are also halfpennies with the coat of arms, but wear them They don't have a year, just as the eagle pennies don't have one have.

Münsterberg-Oels. This duchy arose from the

40 ?• Peace Castle:

Entrance to the duchies of Münsterberg and Oels, which after the extinction of the local Piast lines, 1429 respectively. 1495, came into the possession of the Poděbrady family. George Podiebrad, the Bohemian King's second son, Henry, opened the line of these dukes. By his sons Albrecht and EarH) we have community coins, the first') coins of the new duchy, except for those to be determined later speaking gold guilders, groschen and half-groschen. The one The type of this penny is known, it is that of Mader No. 62 described and illustrated Reichsteiner groschen with the cross, in whose "angles 4 coats of arms, reverse the eagle with the Kunstad-Podiebrady family coat of arms as a breastplate. From There are several varieties of this. The Oelser Groschen which is followed by a completely equal half-penny, we think already briefly mentioned: ei' shows the eagle on the ms. without that Breastplate, on the reverse the eagle of St. John. It's strange the changing designation of the dukes in the transcriptions the same: HLBQRTVS QT KÄRLVS DV • Sß (immortal) and

ffionsTH Dvavffi OLSHOiiensivffi

After Albrecht's death (1511), Karl alone continued to shape and Although, as the inscriptions on his coins show, only in Reichenstein. He changes the character by pointing to the ms Saint Jacob, rarely in full figure^ mostly in a half-length portrait the reverse shows the eagle with breastplate.

Sagan. We don't know a dime from this duchy. They mistakenly wanted to give him three of them the so-called Margarethen Groschen (Bohemian Groschencabinet XIH. Subject p. 31 flg.) is the best known, whose informal and correct

1) Fin's third son Georg, the second in age, died in 1602. Him do not name any coins, as the first, imperial, granting of the right to mint Tom Oahre dated Tom Oahre in 1502. (see Dew. p. 749).

2) Give the fabulous piece Dew. tab. 48.2 compare that with Sagan Said:

Seblesiei» Hansen in the Middle Ages. 41

The gentlemen are smart, sharp and elegant, by the way inheritance stone in the booklet, which is available on occasion at the second Coin Research Day in Dresden. You are reading TMargaretha Dei Gratia Dacissa »Xo Bm (Brnns- wicensis) Nata de Sagen, where the sign oX», which means so much Yer- wiming has donated, is simply viewed as a mint mark, as which it also appears on light. Margaretha is the WWE. Heinrichs HI. y. Braunschweig Grubenhagen, daughter of John I. ▼on Sagan. The highlighting of the Sagan title on the brown silent pennies is sufficiently explained by the fact that military disputes between the last dukes of this tribe, especially special through the predatory actions of Duke Hans H. against his siblings, at least their gifts to Margaretha wanted to counteract on the coins. On erroneous reading where Not even on a forgery, the big one is also based schen Dew. tab. 13, no. 2 and a similar piece with the same Lions and a cross, like on the Meissen prince's penny, from the transcription of which one gets the name of a duchess “Elisabeth*^ wanted to find out whose relationships with Sagan the Ge- layer is silent that both pieces were also published by Seeländer of course there is no belief in their authenticity just beneficial. The ones I have that are not at all stylish Drawings of the same only speak against them.

Glogau. This duchy was owned from 1480 to 1526 the Crown of Poland. Sigismund I, who lived there from 1500 to Reigned in 1507, with the title of Duke of Glogau Omission of his royal dignity, but emphasizing that He is the son of the Polish King Casimir, those well-known pennies (Götz V. 8320) from 1506 and without a year, which is on the Main page the Polish crowned eagle, on the reverse show the Litthan eagle and appear in several yarieties come.

The Duchy of Grossen has belonged to Brandenburg since 1482 They are from Elector Joachim, sometimes together

42 P- Friedeostnn^:

his Brader Albrecht, there in the years 1511, 12, 13, 14 Groschen were minted, the dSs generally known here only were briefly mentioned.

Bishop of Breslau. Only John V Tnrzo 1506 - 1520 practiced again the right to mint, which after Rudolph's Heller coinage during the reign of John III. had rested. He shapes In the very first year of his regiment, three kinds of groschen all on the ms. the infiolated bishop's coat of arms, which is on the both rarer species share the transcription. On the On the reverse, St. John first appears in full figure with the staff of the cross, holding his robe together, also carrying the shield in front of him the three lilies, later only the head is shown in the bowl provided. The first two species are found in only a few specimens, probably developed on a trial basis, the last type However, it was retained and from him are in 1506, 1507, 1508 and 1509, especially 1506 and 1507 large ones Massive amounts of pennies were minted.

City of Wroclaw. The so-called “Matthieser”, d. i. the penny of King Matthias Coryinus, in short, as the oldest Silesian penny. Their character is known, the four-field coat of arms with the Corvinan central shield, Rs. St. Johannes Baptista in full figure pointing to the lamb. There are numerous varieties of this, some of which are in the field have a W next to the saint, over which sometimes a clover symbol leaf appears, a sign that we already know about with the denarii Mentioned and this plays a role here for the last time plays. These pennies have their own significance. The Coin letter from Matthias from 1470, which is a general coin certificate refonn intended and by several small documents executed and supplemented, the king orders that in Breslau wanted to have money minted by his mint master with precise details of the salary and value. After 2 years should be given to the city councilors “according to your favor 2n coins are permitted^, but dias should be maintained while maintaining the

Sehlasien's coins in the Middle Ages. 43

royal coat of arms and symbols happened. That the king and the council coined according to this letter, the documents prove, But how to distribute the coins between both? The impression is to a certain extent a combined one: the royal coat of arms and the Patron saint, there is no basis to be gained from him. Whether, as Mader wants, you don't know anything about the coin certificate mentioned, the rarer pennies with W and W and cloverleaf assign to the city, the more numerous ones without these symbols King should reserve, may be placed in medio. Anyway, li^ Here is a numismatically extremely interesting fact. It Incidentally, there are also various half-pennies of this type. This is followed by the pennies from the time of Wladislaus with St. John in the bust and the Bohemian lion, also if available in countless varieties. Two rarer species bear the years 1505 and 1507'). halfpenny At this time there is no such thing as the one in Breslau Groschen coinage until 1621.

City of Jägermdorf. Already from Dewerde ck Tab. 32, 44 advertised pennies, to which a completely identical half-penny is attached. groschen closes^ is a strange piece. What is striking is that it looks exactly like a royal Hungarian stamp, so that the description 6R0SSVS OTCRIlOVieilSIS, which is on the Simultaneous Breslauem is formed completely analogously, almost strangely could. The Principality of Jägemdorf, which was founded around 1474 The Dukes of Troppau, who had previously owned it, were taken from Matthias. was torn, remained in the king's own possession, from which perhaps the Hungarian (sit venia verbol) stamp, which apparently to achieve a greater similarity with In addition to the Madonna, his role models also included the unenlightened books letters I - S sets, explains However, I don't agree with the character for royal; it seems acceptable that the king of the city

1) It should be noted that 1606 is the oldest year on Silesia Miiiiseo let, who we already met at the Liegnitter Hedwigsgroechea.

44 P* Peace bnr|(:

the right to mint coins was granted, on which, however, as on his name appeared in Breslaaem, which was entirely true corresponds to the strict regime that Matthias exercised in Silesia City of Schweidnitz. We know one from this city rare pennies with St. Wenzel and Greif, the Hedwigsgroschen about the same time. The more common the small pieces are Crown and eagle, which are known as half-groschen are, although they don't quite have the value and weight of one half a Silesian groschen, but only the exact amount Weigh 1g. There is in them an exact imitation of the polar Niche “halfpennies” that were built in the 15th century Almost the only Polish coins are an imitation goes so far that a crown is given to the Silesian eagle of the Hs has set up what was widely presented in Dewerdeck aroused scruples, at the end of which he finally did the right thing seems to suspect. The crown of the Rs. is a part of the Swiss Nitz coat of arms and thus allows imitation without being direct having to borrow (better: “steal”) the type of these coins are called “Pdlchen” in the chronicles, a name that refers to the imitation of a Polish coin intended by it but possibly from the Polish: pol = half ab- is to be supplied, which also gives rise to the term “halfpenny” explains what special intention you are currently in I don't know who persecuted Schweidnitz with the same thing, it would have to be because it was just the very general one that was in Silesia at that time, as chronicles and finds prove, popular Polish characters to rely on local pieces. Whether the [King takes this under imitation that goes by his name, but also that Mint law of the city of Schweidnitz is highlighted, approved may be doubtful, at least his name is just that due to the greater similarity with the Poles on the coins was placed because it was otherwise not available on Schweidnitz coins comes. These pieces appear in isolated cases as early as 1517, in large numbers

SchlesieaB Hanzen in the Middle Ages. 45

Masses 1518 - 1526 on ^ yes a few copies still have the year 1527, when Ludwig was already dead.^)

Another type of coin should be mentioned here, which is also included the Hellem could have been thought of, to whom they actually were is closer than the GroschcD. However, I have, since you are Silesian Origin is a little doubtful, their discussion so far saved up^ which is therefore an appendix to that of the safe silver coins may appear. £s these are coins from the years 1521 - 25, which followed the Hungarian denarii of King Louis are formed, from which they differ by their broader format, as well highlight the lack of circumscriptions. Both types have on one side the Madonna between 2 letters C - S, L - S etc., on the other the five-field coat of arms, in which Central shields an eagle. I want this eagle, which I also have The gold guilder was disavowed and there was a lot of controversy about it has been ignored; but the fact that these coins appear again and again in finds in large masses, brings me to the conclusion that they are in Silesia and for influenced Silesian traffic. They are usually fewer more delicately embossed than the pieces with inscriptions; this and especially the lack of transcription (namely the PATRON A HVNGARIAE) as well as the specifically Hungarian coin letters K — B, H — B and b shows m. £. that there is a difference between the two types exists, whereas until now both have always been placed next to each other. We have just discussed the imprint of the Poles in the Swedes. Nitz Pölchen registered, we know about the busy traffic with Hungary and the circulation of Hungarian money in Silesia - Frederick the Great still minted Hungarian denarii and

1) Dau man aach in Wohltn, like Dbg. Berl. BL 8 p. 288 wants to believe, There is no evidence that I intended a similar follow-up. The L c. The Piedfort discussed owes, I believe, to a whim of the stamp cut Semen Origin, snmal to a real male manner of the Monians He wouldn't have been allowed to put his name. Maybe the question in question also served lish stack as mnas weight

46 F. Friedensbarg;:

Polturen, — the political relations between the two countries are known, there is probably the assumption that these coins are of sian origin, not something taken out of thin air. I knew certainly not how one would otherwise describe the occurrence of both types of the same coin next to each other could explain.

The gold guilders. This type of coin is only available in a few in Silesia Genera, all of which are more or less rare, kick. Here too, the strict Florentine style appears first. coin, which, however, is soon abandoned, and indeed once and for all, by first replacing the lily with the coat of arms. Man has earlier (cf. Dew. p. 112 fg. and plate I, 1) - and it This still happens sometimes, even though Mader is already there against this * has declared - certain Hungarian gold guilders with St. Want to give Ladislaus and coat of arms to Silesia because in one An eagle appears in the field of this coat of arms. It may be left open remain whether this eagle is the Silesian one and I pass

m

deliberately any discussion of the lack of the bandage on the- the same and the evidential value of this circumstance for the qualification of the eagle. Even if this eagle really is the Silesian one should be, the whole character of these coins is one 60 specifically Hungarian, that from the eagle alone there is no meaning justification can be taken, they stand out from the ranks of the others to tear out pieces that look exactly like them and use them as... Silesians to complain, especially since they are all Hungarian coin books bear staves and mint marks. The same is true the gold guilders of Bohemian stamp, from those below, near the city Wroclaw, which will be spoken. Should - and the possibility should not be disputed a priori - gold coins from Hungarian or Bohemian type, which are safe, reliable true and exclusively Silesian characters, not just that If there are eagles, moving them to Silesia would be of no use stand in the way. It is probably possible that from the kings

Silesia's coins in the smock age. 47

Like silver, gold was also minted in the land. Arranges but Matthias' mint cover mentioned expressly states this.

We know the following gold guilders:

Liegnitz, Duke Wenceslaus I. 1348-68. WEHOESIi'.DVXP around the Lüie Rs. • S . IOHÄNHES • B. The saint in the on this usual Florentine representation, next to his head, an eagle at the end of the inscription*). This gold guilder, which first known by Köhler in the Coin Amusements Y. S. 315 made and referred to Plock and changing ones since then received allotments is finally through Grote (Bl. f. Mzfrde 1854 p. 269) has been correctly classified. I can here at Grote's and Dannenberg's (in the essay on the gold guilders of Florentine style) discussions about the same refer to me and just wants to notice that the eagle is next to his head Saints sometimes wear the armband and that the piece at all occurs in several varieties, which indicate a strong let the coin close. It can be based on the Liegnitz Chronicles and the Cologne-Trier coinage treaties of 1370 - 1372 no longer exist there is the slightest doubt about the allocation of the piece, which I wrote in the essay about the Breslau Cabinet (Sallet's Zeitschr. IX. p. 77) published gold guilders of the Wenceslas wife Anna, née Duchess of Teschen, (Hs. HftßÄ DVCISSH LGemaZQft four-field coat of arms, 1 and 4 eagles, 2 and 3 chess, Rs. S . lOHÄHNGS • B. The HeiHge as usual, next to his head the Bohemian lion). is confirmed. Because this “Floren of the second degree** proves that the Duchess does not see gold coinage as something new led, but only continued the one started by her husband. If we didn't have the WENQESL', but only the RßßR and the two BOIiQO to be mentioned immediately, this would be the case

1) I also consider the gold medal with a boar's head to be a symbol of him Schweitzer speaks with Dtnnenberg for apocryphal, he is af a madman tboin des Antors, summoned by a really noble piece, effort

48 F. Friedendrarg:

The gap is certainly generally perceived as extremely noticeable and one would be forced to look for your Floren des Wenceslas watch.

Münsterberg. Bolko U. 1301-48 (Grotef. IV, 6). BOLQO DVX SLe the LUie. Rs. 8 lOTUaHHOS B of the HeiUge, next to His head at the end of the writing is the Silesian Hehn von vom. Also occurs with E instead of S.

Schweidnitz. Bolko U. 1326-68 (Grotef. IV, 9). BOLQO X DVX X SWYDo the LiUe. Rs. next to his head at the end of the writing star.

One can doubt the precise attribution of both pieces - be careful, because there are several Bolkones at this time Silesia and the epithets of this Florene are even more general character than the titles. But it can be done on the basis of the following Considering these considerations, the result is at least reasonably certain win. Around 1365 there was a strict Florentine in Silesia Type on, like the Goldgalden of Anna von Liegnitz and also the Troppauer, who will be mentioned later, prove that the pieces of the Bolkons must therefore have been minted before this time. It is further It is not to be assumed that the same duke once watched DVX 8 WYD, the other time called DVX SL6 on the same coin category have, at least the probability speaks loudly for that intentionally these different titulatures, like the different ones symbols have been chosen, even more so than the DVX 8WYD by the shape of the letters and even more by the style and the execution of the representations appears younger than that DVX 8LS, which in turn is quite close to Wenzel. So Both pieces cannot originate from the same prince be. Rather, it emerges when one considers all of this in Er^ weighing draws, for the DVX 8WYD the safe allocation to the above-mentioned Bolko. Regarding the DVX 8L8 compete In addition to the Münsterberger mentioned, there are also the two people from Opole Bolkonen, the “Juvenes^ of the Denarii, while their father Bolko I. f 1813 and Bolko HL v. Schweidnitz Münsterbezg f 1410

SeUedenB Hfinzen in the Middle Ages. 49

(Grotel IV, 17) can no longer be considered because the The former ruled before, the latter after the period of these influences. Valid reasons for the destination of our piece in Opole or against the same for Münsterberg can hardly be found let whether one from the presence of the silver Oppehier also on the existence of gold and vice versa from the — so far Known to us - absence of silver Schweidnitz The non-existence of gold is an open question remain, it seems to me a proof based on this circumstance by no means valid. That on the denarii of the Juvenes as well how the helmet appears on this gold guilder could perhaps be would rather be used as evidence if it were not for the fact that This generally Silesian helmet appears on coins very ordinary. There would be more for the Münsterbergers the fact that Reichenstein belonged to them Mines are mentioned as early as 1273. However, these were- the same around 1340 in the possession of the Haugwitze, from whom it was acquired in 1356 Bolko V. Schweidnitz, whose gold guilders therefore have a closer look tirung experienced, acquired. However, it is a possibility, yes Probability - I don't know anything certain - not It is impossible for the dukes as sovereigns to always unite had a share in the output of the mines. Until now (from Reichel, Schweitzer and Dannenberg) is this gold guilder always given to the Duke of Münsterberg; I hold I do not consider myself entitled to do so under the circumstances stated To change the allocation, it may continue to exist for the time being.

Münsterberg Oils. From the Dukes Karl and Albrecht, There are also some, the pennies of which we have already dealt with extremely rare gold guilders, from which the coin amusements and the ducat cabinet describes those from the years 151 1 and 12, However, I already have one from 1510. The stamp is on all the same: Hs. St Jakob, reverse cross with the 4 coats of arms. Until 1522, Charles coined the same types alone, but he did the saint appears sometimes on the ms., sometimes on the back.

50 F. Friedensbürgt

It is possible that even though Albrecht died in 1511, the gold guilders of 1512 call his name, and that Earl, though the younger one, alone, made his mark in 1510. In 1521 the well-known ducats with the coat of arms and St. Christoph.

From Troppau, the Dickmann and Wam catalogs describe bold a gold guilder, which was neither in the original nor in the illustration has ever occurred. It has the four- field coat of arms and St. Wenceslas, and is said to be from Przemis- lans I. 1366-1433, whose farthing is mentioned above were spoken. I can't remember more from this piece... share because I only have this note myself.

From the county of Glatz, namely from Ulrich von Hardegg, whose heller we mentioned above, we know the von Dann en- mountain in the Berl. Bl. Vol. 3 p. 285 published gold guilders the inscription VliRIQR o Q^EF 3V : RÄRQQa around the Madonna full figure in glory; Rs * WOJftöT o ßOVÄ o RVRö o 3V o 6L0Q3 the Poděbrady-Glatzer coat of arms on a cross, from where only three arms are visible. What is peculiar is the language mix on the Rs.

The bishopric of Breslau was granted this by Emperor Maximilian in 1510 Awarded the right to mint gold coins. Johannes Turzo, the who ruled at that time did not yet exercise it^ and it was a right "unfortunate idea" of Dewerdeck, the well-known Floren des LOVOVIQI RQX for him to claim that none needs further word. Only the next bishop, Jacob of Sal^a 1520 - 39 minted the first gold pieces in 1524 emphasized the imperial award in the inscription of the reverse, which has remained since then except for Bishop Karl Styl.

The city of Breslau received the right from Charles IV in 1360 To mint gold coins like those struck in Prague. I haven't come across a Bohemian gold guilder yet, in which there was some sign that he was a successor should be a certificate from the Breslau mint. It's fine possible that the city has made use of this right,

Silesia's mints in the Middle Ages. 51

but the other eyentaality is no less problematic. The fact that the Münsterberg-Oelser Dukes Georg Albrecht and Karl were granted the right to gold gold in 1502 “It is still possible to beat Schrot and Eron in the city of Breslau no proof of the real existence of such coins. It These words can also refer generally to the output of the ducal gold guilders, whereby the respected mint The city's court should provide the standard for the calculation. Authors (e.g. Dewerdeck p. 745) who like old Breslau If you want to have gold pieces, write to the city Bohemian Gold guilders of Vladislaus, on those above the lion shield a crowned W appears on the back^). Apart from that on no other Breslau mint, as already mentioned above, the W appears crowned (except in order not to miss anything, a few “mill signs” that are of course not conclusive ^), is that Interpretation of this ^ to Vladislaus is necessary because because his son Ludwig Goldgulden had a similar crowned L show. So that W doesn't mean the city name, and it is Otherwise it's hard to see why the character is so popular in Breslau with the king's name initial. The first The true Wroclaw gold coins are ducats from 1517 with St Wenceslas P) and the Bohemian lion, above which a

1.) At Dew. Plate 33 no. 9 is a piece with an uncrowned W above the Lion image shown, the authenticity of which Voigt p. 344 Aon. 73 testified. But the books prove that Wratislawia cannot be added here either. letters K—B next to the coat of arms.

2) St. Wenceslas holds a shield in which the disputed image of the 4th field of the Breslao coat of arms, head of St. Doretheä or St. John the Evangelist appears, (cf. y. Saurma Wappenbuch p. 30 and the treatise by Luchs in Silesia's prehistory i. W. and B. III. no. 46.) On the Bohemian gold coins the saint holds his own eagle shield (cf. Voigt II, p. 69). This distinguishing feature actually allows the allocation of individual the same to Breslau, so that it is in no way possible for their Silesian provenance can be conducted. The eagle, which appears on numerous gold guilders from the Vla- Dislaus appears at the feet of the Madonna is the Polish family coat of arms

of the king.

4»

52 P* Friedensbnrg:

Shield with the uncrowned W. Spl|||:ere stamp of this type sometimes put an XX under the lion as how many pennies the piece was valid. What is strange is that on the gold coins of Breslau always St. Wenceslas, not the actual patron saint St. Johannes Baptista, which is only on the extremely rare gold piece from 1531 appears, it may seem like this after the lion gave way to the coat of arms, the last reminiscence of that one Determination in the award of Charles lY. be.

Medals.

In order to be in the overall picture of the Silesian character of the Middle age, which for our numismatics, after all that has been said, is about closes around 1520, leaving no gap is another piece to commemorate it, which, however, is no longer to be considered a coin. This is the so-called “Tursothaler” of the year 1508, by the Dew. Plate 41 No. 1 one as usual not just gave a very correct illustration. That we have it here a foam coin, not a piece of money clear; the broad shape, age and rarity speak against it latter assumption. The piece is strikingly flat Incidentally, the stamp is of little artistic value; its authenticity However, it is wrongly doubted that k. k. Eabinet in Vienna and the municipal coin collection in Breslau each have an un- doubtfully authentic copy.

Otherwise there are no actual medals from this period known, among the jewels of our shooting club There are a few medal-like goldsmith's works from the end of the 15th century Century, which, however, does not apply here are to be discussed. It wasn't until 1530 that we encountered a real one again Medal, namely a gold one, for Bishop Jacob of Salza, and now a stately series of displays begins where some beautiful works of art are located.

A short remark that is otherwise in this generality to avoid repetition, is here

Silesia's Hönzen in the Middle Ages. ,^3

Terstattei, namely via Fiedforts. In addition to what has already been believed to be, by the way, certainly real by Johannes Hola. . . are mine The Breslau Heller of Charles IV appeared as thick coins. with inscription, one of Johann Turzo's ordinary pennies Clay 1506 and a Schweidnitz Pölchen. However, they had, especially the last two pieces mentioned are such a modern example see that I consider all of these pieces to be new I am inclined to do so, as I have otherwise seen undoubted impressions of this kind are not known.

This is the overall picture of the coins of Silesia in XY. and at the beginning of the XVI. century. Little gold, many farthings of countless coins and also many pennies, but in less numerous genera. Approximately in 1509 a general standstill in the production of silver coins one, only Heller will continue to be beaten up to Ludwig also from the city of Breslau, later only imperial, then In addition, denarii and foelets appear for a while, from 1517 until 1519 also the rare Münsterberg-Oelser groschen. For that However, since around 1520 there has been more gold and quite soon much influenced by Breslau, diocese and city, and by Münster- Berg-Oels in Reichenstein. In addition to the new gold coins circulating the old silver coins will continue to exist for a long time, as the finds show, and it continues like this until the first thalers^) appear around 1540, at what time small silver money is minted again, however, the entire XVI. Only a little throughout the century, only this The new one brings a richer silver coinage, unfortunately soon expires in the Eipper period.

1) £• allow me to refer to a repeated chronology here ooeh nistenirrthnm draw your attention to the fact that it actually no longer exists belongs within the scope of this essay. It is reported that in 1640 the first Breslaner Thaler were minted. That's not true, they didn't come until 1548 on, and we even have a sample stamp from this year Ton ab- Waichendflf drawing, which apparently was never used

S4 P- Friedensbarf^: Silesia's manias etc.

The last period considered here is full of confusion: Fixing compulsory corsages for individual coins, fixing the particularly bad fare is the order of the day, all gr* yamina, edicts and Yereigangen help nothing, even that of From time to time a coiner ends up on the scaffold, does the job no better to meet endless complaints about the bad money all chronicles. The country is also flooded with Polish, Hungarian and Bohemian coins. In short it prevails against At the end of the Middle Ages in Silesia there was great confusion and great Misery in the numismatic field, conditions^ which are only under the influence of gold coinage will come to an end, ^lm, however only for a few decades there was room for more orderly conditions do.

F. Friedensburg.

Explanation of the panels.

I) Plate IX. d. Vol. IX.

1—5) small bracteates; 1) oldest period, 2nd and 3rd styWerwandt, on no. 3. is to notice the lily.

6-11) large bracteates with uncertain division. 12-16. Denarii. 12) indeterminate. 13) Indeterminate. 14) Bosenberg? 15) OliDS N[IT]2 oils. 16) Posen denarius of Heinrich v. Glogau. 17) Glogauer Hälbling.

11) Plate IL d, Vol.

1) Hohlheller Przemislaus I. t. Troppau. 2) Hollow heller with shell. 3) Brighter King Matthias Corvinus. 4) Heller Kasimir lY. 'v. Teschen. 5) Wroclaw Brighter under Wenceslaus. 6) Beuthener Heller with a working miner. 7) Glogauer Heller. 8) Schweidnitz Heller. 9) Koseier Heller. 10) Brighter Duke John V. Sagan. 11) Groschen Johannes Torzos, Bishop of Bres- lukewarm. 12) Oelser Groschen from Karl and Albert v. Münsterberg-Oels. 13) Gold guilders of Anna V. Liegnitz f 1367. 14) Eeichstein gold guilders v. Karl and Albert t. Münsterberg-Oels 1510.

F.F.

P. Lambroet UMcUrte coins of the city of Eriza in Caria. 55

Unedited coins of the city of Eriza in Caria.

About Eriza, Mr. Waddington writes the following:

This little town that came from the old authors mentioned was on the borders of Caria and Phrygia (Ptol. V 2,* 21) between the Indus, a fairly watery river, which flows past Eibyra, and one of its tributaries, which in the text of Livy (XXVill., 14), the name Chaiis leads, but more precisely it was called Cazanes, as in the comparison the different variants of the manuscripts and the inscription a coin from Themisonium (cf. Bulletin arch^oL franpais pp. 50 and 51). 1)

A coin was awarded to the city of Eriza by Pellerin^) wrote, which Duchalais rightly called a colonial coin recognized by Corinth'). But then Borrelia) has the same city attributed to a coin which, in the opinion of Wadding, ton's^) belongs to Laodicea. After that, Waddington is the first, which an incontestable coin from Eriza, under Caracalla, has pablidrt^)

I am publishing two more coins from the same city here,

1) Ray. numism. 1866, 8. 878.

2) PeuplM et Tüles IL, p. 128, plate LXVI, 27. 8) Rev Domism. 1851, p. 402.

4) Nom. chron. Volume IX, 8. 160.

5) R«T. numism. 1866, 8. 874.

6) £ev. Domism. 1866, p. 878.

56 P-Lunbn»: Uncdited HnnHn of the city of Erlia in Rarien.

one autonomous, the other imperial under Garacalla, the description of which follows.

1. Poseidon's head to the right, behind it a to the right downturned trident.

Rt. EPIZHNfl (N). Eagle to the right, on a lightning bolt standing. ') Copper 4.

2.AYTOK. KAI. M.AY. ANTnNONOOC. Bust of the youth Lichen, toga-wearing Garacalla; the head is laurel- wreathed.

Rev. eni epr. AnOAAXlNlOY AAe?. ePIZHNON. He- lios on horseback to the left; he holds it in his raised right hand a non-defining cregen level; the left supports he ate the horse; two arrows stick out from behind his shoulders.

Copper 10.

In 1855, during a visit to Trieat, I saw in the collection of Dr. de Yest an autonomous coin of

I) Probably the woman "Käo", but with the head of the Zeiu, ut in the Nnm. chron. N. S. I. Page 210 death W. Webater published. — A Hfinie de« KÖNIGL. Mniultabioete has the head of Posudon r-, anf the Ks. Nike r. with stuff and Palniweig, EPIZHNUN breathes in svei verticile lines. £. 4. J.F.

P. Lambros: unedited heads of the city of Eriza in Caria. 57

Eriza, whose short description I already remembered back then note.

2#eas head to the right.

Rev. EFIZHNHN. Eagle. Copper 4.

In this note the head is referred to as that of Zeus. true. But it was possible that the trident was like that can be seen in the image of our coin, in soft lines is drawn, not visible, and so I have the head of Foseidon thought to be a head of Zeus. Likewise, I had not noted whether the eagle sat on a lightning bolt and whether it was on the right or left was adept. So I'm not in a position to be sure determine whether these two pieces are identical or different from each other. are divorced. But I notice that the collection from Dr. de Yest after the death of their owner from also in Trieste resident Dr. med. Dreer was acquired, which she bequeathed to the city museum of Klagenfurt, his hometown, where the coin in question is kept. It It would therefore be desirable for a cast of the one in question standing coin the fact would be confirmed.

Athens.

Paul Lambros.

(From Greek).

.n

J. FritdlMnd«-:

HaTinianns.

The family of Valeriao seems destined to rise up I admit, I have a nice suggestion here.

The bronze medallion of Gaul shown, owned of HeiTD Dr. H. Kern, as every namismatist sees, is ice Roman and not a colcmial. On Roman coins As is well known, after Augusta there are never officialso-nameo, following- The Marinianus mentioned here is a member of the family of Valerianne and the Gaul depicted on the front.

One immediately thinks of the coins with the address DIVAE MARINIANAE. This princess is historically unknown, neither inscriptions nor the writers mention them, only those coins but she is believed to be Yalerian's second wife; From Trebellius Pollio we at least know that he died twice was married, because he says: Yalerianus ionior, alia quam Grallie- nos matre genitus. And in the Yalerian period not in later ones, She belongs more clearly, because her moats are almost all of them good silver equal to that of Yalerians, while among Gauls that Silver deteriorated quickly, and the denarius became denarin aereus descended. You can even tell the time of death Identify Mariniana precisely; there is also a Mltnae

J. Friedlaender: Marinianns. 59

by Viminaciain with DIVAE MARINIANAE, on the back ANN. XV stands, which corresponds to the year of the era of Viminacium the year 254, the second of Valerian's reign. Since theirs Roman coins match that of Yiminacium, so they undoubtedly belong to the same year, and since her name is Diva, she had died, certainly just this year 254. So is it believable that she was Yalerian's wife and that the Message from Trebellius PoUio that Valerian was married twice been, is correct

All we know about Marinianns is that he was consul in 268; an inscription on the oven has PATERNO II ET MARINIANO COS., and another from Setif in Numidia: PATERNO ET MARI- NIANO COS. (C. J. L. m 3525 and VIH 5514, cf. 5513). Just as we only know Mariniana from coins, it has nothing It is striking that the Maritimes, previously only known from inscriptions, nianns now through our medallion as a member of the imperial family is recognized.

Which was his kinship with the Eaiserhaus, we don't know. The closest thing would be to him because of the name equality for the son of Mariniana, because it is coming Yes, it often happens that the son, especially the second-born, follows the mother's name is Domitianus after Domitia, Saloninus after Sa- lonina. But since the medallion was certainly made in the year of the sulats of Marinianus^ 268, this cannot be a May have been the son of Valerian and Mariniana. Because that Surely the man and the boy in the wagon are the ones up the coin called Gallienus and Marinianns, this is about Depicted as ten years old, so he was born around 258, back then Valenanus, since he was 70 years old when he came to government in 253 was, 75, and Mariniana had already been dead four years in 258. Will Because of the name, Mariniann is associated with Mariniana. relationship, he can only be her grandson, her son Son Valenanus iunior may have been.

This Yalerianus iunior, Valerian's second son, will indeed

60 J- Friedlaender:

authenticated neither by coins nor by inscriptions, only that Lack of monuments can probably be said in the words of the at least unreliable Trebellius Pollio does not take away their credibility men. He says: Talerianus iunior, alia quam GaUienus matre genitus, a father Caesar est appellatus, a brother Augustus, here- According to him he could be the son of Mariniana and the father of Ma^ rinianus may have been.

Proof that some messages from this one too writers are true: a story only known in our time The inscription that has been made confirms two places in Aurelius's epitomes Victor: here (Valerianus) filium suum Gullienum Augustum fecit, Gallienique filium Gomelium Valerianum Caesarem, and then: GaUienus quidem in loco Comelii filii (the tone Fostumus ge- had been killed) altemm filium Salonianum subrogavit. And now Deville has in an essay on the family of Valerianus in the Revue numismatique 1861 p. 257 one (also in the C. I. L VIII 8473 repeated) inscription given, which proves that GaUienus really had these two sons, and not only, as was previously believed, the one Saloninus. Because this in- Scripture names the Divus Valerianus - the slain older one Son of Grallienus — “Grandson of the Emperor Valerian, son of GaUienus, brother of Saloninus.'^ She therefore confirms the subsequent judgment of Aurelius Victor.

For an epoch whose darkness is so great, one would say only discard the few existing messages when newly discovered monuments refute them. That's why I want that Valerianus iunior, the second son of the Emperor Valerian, next to Cornelius Valerianus, the older son of Gauienus, did not give up, and the possibility that he is the son of Mariniana and was perhaps the father of Marinianus.

AU if you look at the similarity of the name of Marinianus and do not attach any weight to the Mariniana, but rather to the me- daiUon viewed impartially, the GuUienus* on the front, the quadriga of the reverse side, on which he stands with the Ejiaben.

MaiiniaDas. 61

This is how you come to the Yermathung, the Marinianos called here was about a third son of Gallienus, who was ten years old boy had not yet been appointed Caesar. Gallienos was in Year 268, where he was slain, aged eighty (vixit annos quin- quaginta, says Aurelias Victor) so he can do quite well 258 born sons. ^)

While Yictoria garlands Gallienus, the chariot flies a naked youth with a wreath towards which the boy takes hold; an unusual representation.

The inscription is XX COS. . I MARINIANO. The second X is not completely certain, it could be V, but it will still be X be. Very few letters appear after COS and before I to be missing, so that you want to read COS VII.

XV or XX cannot be tribunitia potestate XV or XX interpret, since TR P is never omitted. It can also do not mean Vota quindecennalia, for these appear on Coins only fit a century later and Vota vicennalia not for the year 268. This will happen in the time of Grallienus The word VOTA is never omitted before the number; the votes are also available

1) From the no-enough news about the time of Yalerianus and Oaliienus would result in approximately the following chronological dates: Yalerian was born in 188 AD and became emperor in 253 at the age of seventy. Born in 218 Qallienos, he died in 268 at the age of fifty. 237 Valerianus Gonsul. 242 Cornelius Valerianus was born, for he died in 269, 17 years old.

253 Yalerian Emperor, 70 years old. Qallienus Kaiser, 35 years old Cornelius Yalerianus Caesar, 11 years old

254 Mariniana f

259 Cornelius Yalerian f, 17 years old.

260 Yalerians captured.

266 Oallienns Cos. YII. (his last consulate).

268 Marinianus Consul.

268 GaUienus f 50 years old

Qallienus regna?it annos quindecim, cum patre septem, solus octo; Tizit annos quinquaginta. Aurelius Yictor, Epitome.

62 years Friedlaender:

never in such a place between the titles, and they have right types. So XV or XX has a different meaning I don't know the same, but I want to remind you that on coins of Gallienus; VICTORIA AVG III or aach VI, Vn, VIII, Villi. On others he calls himself GERMANICVS MAX TER, also IMP GALLIENVS AVG GERM V. As usual the emperors, according to the number of their victories, call themselves Imperator iterum etc. called, Gallienus counted his victories and also joined Germa- nicus called for the third or five^n times. His father has also CONCORDIA EXERC VIII. So maybe XV or XX such a sense. Gallienus can do it in his last Years probably to the XV. or XX. brought victories. I have no safe solution found.

It has been suggested that the inscription XV • COS • PAT • II • MARINIANO to be completed, i.e. quindecennalia consulibus Patemo II et Mariniano to read. Alone, as I already know I have said since Augustus took control of the taken down to Romulus Augustus, are not recorded on any one tens of the countless Roman coins consuls or others officials, but only the emperors and the members of their families called. No numismatist will believe that from this all- This single medallion is an exception to the generally accepted rule could do. So you don't even need to object, that the unmotivated abbreviation of the first name, during which second is written out in full, the COS in front of the names, the missing ET would stand in the way of this reading.

The front of our medallion can be found on one on the other hand, which on the other hand is FIDES EXERCITVS and has a richly figured representation. In the excellent work vonFröhner about the Roman medallions, p. 217 is a bronze Specimen shown; a silver one, perhaps a cast, is in the Catalog Wiczay Th. II Plate II. of the silver coins No. 34 and p. 204 no. 2687 described.

Marinianns. S3

The shield of Gallienus is also shown on this medallion the emperor on horseback, in front of him Victoria, behind him a soldier.

Doubts about the authenticity are impossible, I need this

probably not insurable. You can see that especially on the

Reverse side of the stamp is jerked. Finally I say Mr

Dr. I would like to thank H. Kern for publishing this

allowed medallions.

J. Friedlaender.

64 Eleioere Mittheilangelii.

Smaller communications.

Coin found. Only now has a discovery been discovered, who was already in the village of Ballenwinkel in the fall of 1871 Colberg was made and has the greatest resemblance to the vol. 'VIII p. 191 d. Bl. shows finds from Seydel described. Its approximately 900 pieces date back to 1513 and are set together as follows:

Hollow pennies with the griffin (Pomerania or Rostock) 129 pieces. Pomerania Bogislaw X. Schillings von Damm (3) Garz (2)

and Stettin (11) from 1492—1510 16 “ " " Half a shilling, from Stettin,

1500—1511 10 “

Garz, foursome. Without circumference 15 "

with ffiOßeTA and JßOßaTÄ BOVA 53 “

Gollnow “8”

Grei&wald, hollow pennies with crowned heads... 76 "

Pyritz, Vierchen 77 "

Stargard "38"

Stettin “197”

Also similar to FBeiailH II (?). . 10"

Straband, Schilling 1507 1 “

“Half shillings, 1506 — 13 and without year 11” “Hollow pennies with. the flag (in the second part

the beam) 22 "

Mecklenbarg. Neabrandenbafg. A very worn one

Schilling like Vol. V Tf. IV, 47 d. Magazine . . 1 • “

Rostock. Shillings of the XV.-a. At the beginning of the 16th century Century 2 “

“Half shillings from the beginning of the XVIth century 10”

w

n

Smaller middle axes are available. g5

Brandenburg. Hohlpfennig with eagle (Friedrich ü. ?) 1 piece

"Prenzlow. Four with PRaflBSLOV 7"

V n ji of the other two species 22 “

John Cicero. Half penny from 1498 .... 1 “

Brandenbui^. Joachim 1. Groschen without mint 14 “

“ Joachim I. Berliner Groschen 1507, 09,

10, 11 10 "

» Joachim I. Frankfurter Groschen without

Year, 1500—1509 7 “

,, Joachim I. Stendaler Groschen 1511. . 1 “

Saxony. Ernst, Albert and Wilhelm Hompfennig. 4" Silesia. Monsterberg. Albert and Karl, Groschen 1 “ Prussia. Bracteate with eagle. Vossberg H, 2-4. 1 “

Hohlpfennig, Ereuz with 4 balls i. d. W.

Vossberg II, 48 1 “

Hollow penny with cross. Vossberg HI 56

(27 Ex) m 58 (2 Ex.) 28 “

“Shillings from Danzig (28), Elbing (1)

Thom (7) Casimir IV 36 "

“Hohlpfennig von Elbing 9”

99.9 Thom 38.,

Liefland. Bernd v. d. Borg. Kinder by Royal. . 5" “Dorpat Bishop Bartholomaeus Sawijerwe,

Kind 1 “

"Dorpat. Johann HI. Bertkow. Artig. . . 1"

Denmark. Christian I. Korshvid yon Malmoe. . 1,, Scotland. Farthing by Jakob UI. ? (very rubbed) 1 “

There are also a few that are no longer available were and only imperfect according to one of the previous sitzer (e.g. the Garzer Vierchen for Demminer, the Stral- sunder had looked at hollow pennies for Danziger) au^enonunenen Directories could be recognized, presumably among them 1 denarius from Stolpe, 2 hollow pennies with the bust of

Patron saint of Halberstadt etc. BL D.

5

QQ Smaller messages.

The collection of the late State Councilor Dr. Becker, one in particular about the study of Greek Colonies on the Black Sea, highly deserving scholars, came on March 14 d. J. with Mr. Adolf Weyl in Berlin for auction gerung: the first significant, truly scientific Well-designed collection of Greek coins, which are in one Berlin auction figures. Becker served as director of the Lyceum in Odessa his main focus was on Greek coins Cities on and near the Black Sea directed themselves Excavations were carried out in Olbia etc. and except for one A very rich collection of as many types as possible The area also offers a number of first-class gems. advertised, which e.g. Th. Unica remained; stand out above all stands out from the one I discussed earlier, now from the Egl. Museum acquired gold stater from the Taurian Chersonesus from the year 73 of the Chersonese era (Zeitschr. f. Num. I. p. 29 f.), a pre- beautiful, acquired from Mr. Loebbecke in Braunschweig Silver piece from Olbia and an impressive series of the rare ones Coins of Tyra. -:- The individual items in the auction are The targeted prices were sometimes quite high, as apart from the Egl. Museum of one of our most important private collectors, Mr. Loebbecke and several foreign (Russian) collections deal with high commandments involved; this is how e.g. B. the mentioned gold stater from Chersonesus with 450 marks, the silver coin from Olbia with 355 Mark, a beautiful large copper coin from Olbia (Me- shower head back. Eagle on the dolphin iE. 17) with 104 marks^ one similar less good ones at 80 marks. A pretty little piece by Sestus (Septimius Severus) with Hero and Leander rose

80 marks.

A.V.S.

t^

Literature. 67

Literature.

F, Baumbach. The Duisburg coins. A contribution to History of Duisburg, Duisburg 1881. 8^ 21 pages, with 1 plate. Illustration.

The author brings this up in my book German coins etc. described denarii of the Emperor Eonrad 11th, Heinrich UI. and Henry IV, to whom he gave the extremely rare formerly ReicheFsche specimen of Adolf von Nassau (with RDOLFVS ROM ReX Rs. DVSBVRG RGGÄLIS CIVITÄS). More Duisburg characteristics are currently not known, only that of me at No. 313 mentioned Eonrad (Cappe UI. No. 331) to be added, which shows a loop in each of the 4 arches on the back; I subsequently have a copy of this uncommon coin acquired. Because the booklet was not written for numismatists is, the coin descriptions accompanied by good illustrations are Exercises are preceded by a short historical-numismatic introduction. sent, which only requires correction in that point So far at least Duisburg half-denarii have not yet appeared have come. H.D.

Paul Joseph. Contributions to the Palatine and Mainz Coin customer. Speier 1880 8 yo p. 47. (Separate print from the IX. Notebooks of the message. d. historian Association of the Palatinate).

A very strange denarius with 7l.L«Z*G*I*6*G[ and the author closes one to the Palatinate lion

68 Litentor.

which are generally known but not yet recognized come from a seated dynast with a sword and Tower represents, its explanation goes into the historical the conditions of the Püalz near the Rhine and comes to this certainly correct result that Count Palatine Ludwig II the Strict (1253 - 94) in Alzei, which he transformed from a nest of robbers into an orderly one Urban life was transformed and, to a certain extent, refounded a mint was created and presumably not during it caused both coins to strike there for a long time. But if H. J. to justify his statement that the depicted The person must be the Pfcdzgraf, noted that the sword would be raised Coins only from the emperors, dukes and margraves in the Eastern in Germany, this is not entirely clear, because It can hardly have escaped his notice that this attribute especially on the Rhenish and Westphalian stamps dynasts is almost universal, e.g. B. the counts and Lords of Berg, Jülich, Sayn, Isenburg, Leiningen, Arnsberg, Büren, Limburg, Lippe, Mark, Scfawalenberg, Waldeck etc. And it is even more necessary to expose another error, so that incorrect things do not take root. P. 16 says, that in the time of the Saxon and Frankish emperors only the Coins from Aachen and Duisburg depict the emperor in full figure represent, although, from the equestrian coins from Goslar (Dannenb. 682) to mention those of Celles (D. 185, 186) and Stablo (D. 270) are overlooked, and it ¥drd in connection with this, but without further justification, the Duisburg denarius with the emperor enthroned, which I (No. 325) attached to Henry IV have, for Heiniich Y. where not even Heinrich VI. claimed taken. But the latter allocation must be protested vigorously become; The otherwise prudent Mr. Yerüasser only has that here a characteristic of the enthroned emperor, for whose well-known During the Hohenstaufen period he cannot cite any examples needed^ caught the eye, but all the rest, the profile head^ the Similarity of the same with others on other Duisburg denarii,

.%.

the character of the writing, in short the entire habitus as it relates to Mr. J.'s autopsy probably shows, unless Careful, and yet it is the totality of all these features paint, not a single one, so easily deceptive, which helps us have to be guided by coin regulations. Meet in a better way We already have the otherwise almost always wrong Cappe, who has this one Denarius (E. M. I. Plate XIX 309) to Hemrich lU. gives. The The difficulty here lies in the meeting of the profile head with the seal image of the enthroned emperor, two representations, that we are otherwise used to, through a period of one and a half Separated for centuries. The author also throws a look at a one-sided denarius style similar to the Alzeier denarius Denarius, it rightly rejects the term for this class of coins bracteate; but he had many others, e.g. B. Mader IV. 90, but especially for the chronology of this type of coin important ones from Heinrich and Landolf von Worms (Mader IV, 87, 88).

In a second section some of them are already explained in part described, partly unedited hollow pennies from the 14th and 19th centuries XV. Century treated, and with the documents on hand assigned to her correct position, which she now has with the Speierer Bishops Mathias (1464-78) and Johann (1459-64), P&lzgraf Ruprecht I, Friedrich I, Count Palatine Stephan zu Simmem, Arch- Bishop Dietrich I and II of Mainz can be found. Worth mentioning Here, in particular, is a coinage contract between ore and Bishop Adolf V of Mainz and Count Palatine Friedrich, from 1464, because From then on, the Mainz and ChurpfiUzischen hollow pennies no longer the first letter of the mint as before, but that of the Münzherm. You'll get out of these short ones There are hints that the author has understood it, this very neglected tiniest coin monument inter- interesting aspects to be gained.

H.D.

70 smaller communications.

Schlick eysen, F. W. A., explanation of the abbreviations Monces of modern times, the Middle Ages and antiquity as well as on commemorative coins and coin-like signs. — 2nd edition by Dr. Reinhold Pallmann and Dr. H. Droysen. Berlin, F. and P. Lehmann, 1882. (438 p.) — The useful reference book of the deserving scholar appears here completely redesigned works and almost twice as strong as the first edition. The first from Dr. Pallmann edited, larger part is named Lich because of the explanation of the often only with individual letters expressed titles of the princes, the mint masters and Mint - Names on modern and medieval coins important. The second part, by Dr. Droysen, gives an exit choice of the most important abbreviations on ancient coins, too a grateful overview of the main forms of the Greek letters; An oversight is probably: "CT! Stilpae in Sicily". The coins have ZTI and ZTIA, this is not Stilpae but Stiala or similar, called “Styella^” by German writers Sicilian city. — The setting of the book is beautiful; at- * Two panels with monograms of newer coins are given.

A.V.S.

Publishing house of the Weidmann bookstore in Berlin.

You Italian foam inks

des

fifteenth century (1430—1530)

from

Julius Friedlaender.

First issue. With 7 panels. (42 p.) Fol. worth 10 marks. Second issue. With ii plates. (55 p.) Fol. worth 14 marks. Third issue. With 12 panels. (56 p.) Fol. worth 14 marks.

About

B#®biisls®b0 Cef !##&

from

INSCRIPTIONS

from

E. Huebner.

(IV and 28 pages.) size 8. 80 Pf.

The

the Saxon and Franconian imperial period.

Published from

Hennaim Daxmenberg.

With a map by H. Kiepert and LXI plates illustrations. (XDC and 510 p.) 4^ 2 volumes cartonnirt 40 marks.

Publishing house of the Weidmann bookstore in Berlin.

Sm HSaigMe Mfiaskabiaet.

History and overview of the collection along with explanatory descriptions writing the selection laid out on display tables

from

Dr. Julius Friedlaender. and Dr. Alfred von Sallet,

Director. Professor.

Second enlarged edition.

With eleven copper plates. (336 p.) gr. 8. born 8 marks.

We hereby indicate that we have been contacted by the General Administration the royal Museums in Berlin the debit for the

(^&; after the originals -z^z:)

transferred to the plaster casts of subsequent sculptures which we paid at the stated prices - excl. Packaging — We therefore ask you to send any orders to: to let it last for a long time.

From Olympia:

1. Cast of the Hermes statue M. 270

2. Cast of the bust of the same M. 22

3. Cast of the Nike M. 220 statue

4. Cast of the head of an Olympian .... M. 10

From Perg'amon:

5. Cast of a giant torso with head .... M. 36

6. Cast of the head alone M. 16

7. Cast of a female head M. 10

Berlin SW., Wilhelmstr, 32.

Weidmann's Bnchhandlnng.

71

&riecliisoIie Hfinzen from my collection.

(Plate III.)

Over the last few years a number of Greeks have returned Coins come into my collection that are not published might be uninteresting. Not all of them are described below. The above pieces have remained unknown so far, but this is also the case the vast majority of cases; the few already known probably justify one due to rarity, weight information, etc repeat performance.

1. Apulia. Canusium. M 13 m.

Av. Youthful head of Heracles covered with lion skin

to the right. Rev. KA-NA club, next to it two balls. Dotted

Circle (Sextans).

2. Lucania. Heraclea. M 23 m. Weight 7.48.

Av. Helmeted head of Pallas to the left.

Kv. hHPAKAEIAN Heracles standing left, facing out stretched right arm, the club in the left arm and the lion's skin; a floating one in front of him

cringing Nike. In the field Unks nwQy'

The abbreviated magistrate name ZCIH on drachmas this City (Mion. I. 153. 500) is therefore to be completed with IHIIBIOZ.

3. Lucania. Metapontum. jK 9 m. Weight 0^57.

Av. ear.

Rev. Three crescents with the backs put together, in

each of them and in the middle a ball.

6

^

72 Arthur Lobbecke:

4. Lucania. Meiapontam. M 15 in.

Av. Eagle with raised wings sitting to the right. Rev. META. Winged Lightning.

5. Bruttium. Vibo Valentia. M 25 m.

Av. Head of Zeus with laurel wreath to the right, behind I. Rev. VALENTA (she) Winged lightning, above a crescent moon and I. This beautifully patinated ace is VALENTA because of the spelling instead of VALENTIA strange.

6. Bruttium. Rhegium. M 28 m. Weight 16.83.

Av. Lion's scalp from vom, next to it on the right is an olive branch with two branches.

Rev. Young male figure with exposed upper body body sitting linshin, staff in right hand; under the Chair a rising snake. The whole thing in an olive wreath.

7. Sarmatia. Olbia M 23 m. Weight 12.65.

Av. Ear-adorned head of Demeter with collar

to the left. Rev. OABIO. The eagle turns its head back to the left flying, in the clutches of a dolphin; above )E, behind him a trident. Plate III, 1. Similar pieces at Mion. I 349. 1. and Catalog of the Bri- tish Museum “Thrace^ p. 20. 1. but without monogram and Trident, also written on the copy of the Brit. Mus. the loading Note: "base silver" while mine is of good silver is. In terms of style, it's the gold stater of this city (Catalog Lemmö No. 127) at the same time:

8. Thrace. Serdica. Caracalla M 30 m.

Av. AYT K.M. AYP. C. . ANTHNEINOC. With laurel wreath, carapace and paludamentum covered breast picture of Caracalla, with spear and round shield, on which is a head of Zeus, facing left.

Collection of Greek coins. 73

Rev. OYAHIAC. CEPAIKHC. The Emperor on horseback Step to the right, the r. Arm raised. 9. Thrace. Trajanopolis. Grallienas: £25m.

Av. FAAAIHNOC . CCB. Head of Gallienus with rays crown reehtshin.

Rev. AYFOYCTHC. TPAIANHC. Fortuna with rudder and cornucopia standing to the left, with Modius on his head. — A new emperor in this city's coin line.

10. Chersonesus Thracica. Sesius. SeptimiusSeverusiB24 m

Av. AYT. A. Cen. CeOYHPOC. Bust of Sept.

Severus with laurel wreath and paludamentum reehtshin.

Rev. CHCTICjN. Leander swimming right back; in front of him

on a tower Hero, lighting him with a lamp.

Plate ni, 2.

Similar depictions of Hero and Leander can be found

only on coins from Abydus and Sestus, the two places where

the legend misplaces the action; so far only from the latter city

on those of Caracalla.

11. Macedonia. Heraclea Sintica. Adaeus t} ran us?^ 19m.

Av. Helmeted, youthful head reehtshin; on the helmet marked with a star.

Rev. AAAIOY. Owl on a spearhead reehtshin sitting, behind KP . M. Helmeted head and owl are new types of this dynast. The monogram }fiP can be resolved casually in Heraclea.

12. Macedonia. Mende. M 27/32 m. Weight 16.90.

Av. MIN Horny donkey standing to the right; on his back

em raven, ab ano asini pascens, behind it a vine

with large grapes.

Rev. Quadratum incusum in the shape of a windmill blade, in the

Center a raised in a recessed circle. T^f.UI,3.

From this ancient, around 500 BC. BC, minted stater is mine

except the one in the Gabinet in Paris and by Mion.S.HI 82.

500 and tab. TQ. 1. described and illustrated specimens

6*

/^

74 Arthar Loebbecke:

none have been reported. The above still stands out beautiful preservation.

13. Macedonia. Alexander I 498 – 454 BC BC M 31 m. Weight 28.12 (perforated).

Av. Rider dressed with the chlamys on his head Macedonian hat, holding two spears to the right. Underneath the horse is a small pointed dog to the right. Ry. AAESANAPO in a recessed square around a have it divided into four parts. Plate m, 4. This beautiful octodrachmon of extremely delicate appearance leadership, a Unicum, comes from a private collection in Eertsch. Described and illustrated according to an electrotype, but without Weight information is already in this magazine, Vol. III p. 55, first edited by B. v. Eoehne, M^moires etc. de St. Petersburg.

14. Thessaly. Thessali M 21 m. Weight 6.01.

Av. Crowned head of Zeus to the right.

Rev. eEZ2:AAnN.ESirrO(Y)NIKATOP. Pallas Promachos

P

to the right; distributed among their arms: H-..

A

Three magistrate names on Thessalian didrachms are mine

hasn't happened yet and an artist name is here

not probably possible.

15. Thessaly. Thessali Septimius Severus and Geta. ^23m.

Av. AYT. A. Cen. CeBHPOC. A. Bust portraits of September Timius Severus with laurel wreath and paludamentum to the right. Rev. A.O. Ce. FETAN .0€CC(AAnN). adolescent breast image of Geta with paludamentum to the right; including B. Thessalian coins depicting Septimius Severus show his second son Geta, are not known to me otherwise become.

16. Thessaly. Larissa M 13 m.

Av. Woman's head to the right.

Collecting lanfc for olfactory coins. 75

Ry. AAPI. Perseus standing left, stretched out

On the right the Harpa, on the left the head of Medusa.

To my knowledge, Perseus is on coins from Larissa so far

did not occur; the Harpa alone is found on small ones

Bronzes of this city.

17. Thessaly. Melitaea. M 20 m.

Av. Zeus head with laurel wreath to the right. Rev. MEAITAEnN. Bee. This coin gives the full city name, which refers to the smaller ones with the same type only appear abbreviated (MEAI).

18. Achaia. Corinthus. M. Aurelins M 26 m.

Av. IMP. M. AVR. ANTONINVS . AVG. Bust portrait of

M. Aurelius with laurel wreath and paludamentum

to the right. Rev. CORINTHVS. Corinthus, the founder of Corinth,

von vom standing, head turned to the left; in everyone

Hand a rudder.

19. Argolis. Epidaurus. Antoninus Pius. M 25 m.

Av. ANTn Head of Antoninus Pius with laurel wreath to the right. Rev. £niAAYPIU)N. The shepherd Aresthanas to the left screams tend, the r. arm outstretched; in front of him a goat, suckling the young Aesculapius; right and left tree. According to Director Friedlaender too in Berlin.

20. Paphlagonia. Amastris. M 25 m.

Av. OMHPOC. Bust of Homer with diadem and long, curly beard to the right.

Rev. AMACTPIC. Female figure dressed with a stole sitting to the right; on Modin's head, in the Parazonium on the left, a long spear in the right (et Mion. S. IV. 553. 18). Tab. UI, 5.

1

76 Arthur Lübbecke:

21. Paphlagonia. Amastris. M 26 m.

Av. OMHPOC. Bearded head of Homer with diadem to the right. Rev. AMACTPIANUN. Serapis sitting to the left Right hand stretched out, spear in left hand; in front of him the Gerber US. Table IQ, 6. The very beautiful Homer heads from gaqz of various designs Version because interesting.

22. Bithynia. Chalcedony. L. Verus M 27 m.

Av. AYr. K. A. AYP. OYHPOC . CG. Chest of the Lu- cius Yerus with paludamentum to the right. Rev. KAAXAAONIHN Apollo with the lyre on one Swans flying to the right sitting. This reverse also appears on other ice cream coins Chalcedon before, it was not yet known from Yerus.

23. Bithynia. Prusa ad Oiympum. Gallienus M 22 m.

Av. no. AI. He . FAAAIHNOE . E. Bust of Gallienus

with corona and paludamentum to the right.

Rev. nPOYEAEriN. Two urns standing next to each other,

on the left palm branch, on the right five balls

yellow in pyramid shape. Below OAVMniA. IlYSIA.

Mionnet does not record any coins of Gallienus from this

City, also the mention of the Olympic and Pythian Games

I haven't found it on any of their coins yet.

24. Mysia. Cyzicus. EL. 17/20 m. Weight 16.03.

Av. Lion and ram head with necks together* joined, the former looking to the left, the latter to the right; there- down tuna left. Rev. Quadratum incusum. From the collection of the late State Councilor Becker Odessa and, according to the catalogue, found in Olbia.

25. Mysia. Cyzicus. EL. 17/20 m. Weight 15.92.

Av. Naked warrior with Corinthian helmet on the left kneeling and holding a long arrow with both hands

Collecting f^echish Mänzeo. 77

holding, the tip of which he examines; in front of him a bow,

behind it tuna.

Rt. Quadratam incusum.

Similar pieces from the large Eyziken invention in the Num.

Ghron. new. Series XVI. 282. 12., but there the warrior is right-

facing and according to the illustration the arrow is also unclear.

26. Mysia. Pergamus -M 27 m. Weight 11.60.

Av. Gista mystica with a snake in an ivy wreath. Rev. C. FABIVS . PRO. COS. Bow and bow holder between two snakes; on the left the monogram of Pergamum, on the right Thyrsus surrounded by a snake wounds. Below MHN04>IA0£. Pinder did not know any gistophores of the proconsul C. Fabius in Pergamum, he only lists those from Apamea, Ephesus and Tralles on. The municipal name is also MHN04>IA0£, I believe I, new on Pergamene coins.

27. Joniah. Ephesus. M 26 m. Weight 12.25.

Av. Gista mystica in the ipheus wreath.

Rev. T. AMPI. T. F. PRO. COS. Tripod between two

Snakes, above Apollo leaning against a pillar on the left-

standing with a branch in his outstretched right hand

holding. In the field on the right a burning torch, on the left

EM above OZ. Below CPMIAC. KAIYCTPIOC.

On the copies published so far by Pin der et al

of this rare gistophore, from the year 77 of the province of Asia =

57 B. Ghr., the ending of the last name was unclear.

Head in Num. Ghron. XX. p. 156 added KAIYCTPI (OY), my

beautifully preserved copy gives the correct reading.

28. Joniah, Ephesus. M 26 m. Weight 11.25.

Av. Same type.

Rev. C. PVLCHRJ . A. (P . F) PRO . COS. Bow holder between Two snakes, burning torch on the right, left E4>E, above IIA, below a bee. Below APTEMaN.

>Oi

78 Arthnr Lobbecke:

Previously known cistophore from the year 81 in Asia = 53 BC From the years of Rome 701-703 (53—51 BC) The names of the proconsuls of Asia were unknown to the finders, especially standing piece fills a year of this gap and proves that in the year of Rome 701 = 53 BC. BC C. Claudius. Ap. F. Fulcher was still Froconsul of the Province of Asia.

29. Joniah. Neapolis. Gordianus Fius M 29 m.

Av. AYT .K.M. ANT. FOPAIANOC. Bust of Gor dianus Fius with laurel wreath and paludamentnm to the right.

Rev. en. r. M. ayp. kanaiaoc. NeAnoAeiin. Apollo

standing to the right, the right hand above the head lifted; in front of him the lyre on a tripod. Among the few coins from Ionian Neapolis so far is None have yet been published with a magistrate's name. The name KANAIAOC comes in Carian in Mionnet's directory Coins of Marcus Aurelius and on a Bithynian coin of Hadrian but he doesn't know a Scriba by that name.

30. Insulae Joniae. Samos M 21 m. Weight 14.28.

Av. Lion scalp from vom.

Rev. AM4>I above the right-facing front part of one Taurus; before Z.

31. Insulae Joniae. Samos. M 14 m. Weight 4.22.

Av. Same type.

Rev. ZAMI. Bull's forepart to the right, the neck of one

surrounded by decorated bands, with an olive branch in front of it

fruit.

32. Caria. Stratonicea. M 16 m. Weight 1.52 (broken out).

Aw. BlüPANAGYC. Head of Artemis with wreath and

Crescent to the right. Rev. Nike walking to the right with a wreath and a branch.

To the right and left of her CT — PA., above APICT€AC.

The whole thing in a shallow, recessed square. This triobole, which is strange because of the transcription of the obverse

Collection of Neche coins. 79

I acquired it from the Subhi Pacba collection. Size and position According to the scripture, one would like a nickname for the one depicted presume divinity; But this doesn't work because of the word ending male, the head depicted, on the other hand, has a crescent moon is certainly marked as that of Artemis. Magistrate names in the obverse and lapel are also quite unusual.

33. Caria. Tripoli. Faustina Jr. M 30 m.

Av. 4>AYCTGINA. CCBACTH. Bust portrait of the younger one

Faustina to the right. Rev. TPinOAeiTHN. MAIANAPOC. Left-facing River god, a branch in his right hand; behind him Cornucopia and an overturned urn from which Water flows. Mionnet has no coins of this empress for Tripoli; the This lying meander also appears on other imperial coins city in front.

34. Insulae Cariae. Cos. Agrippina Sr. M 24 m.

Av. BEA. ATPinniNA. Veiled bust of the same

with diadem on the right. Rev. KniriN. nPIM€£. Standing Aesculapus from vom. I don't yet have any coins from the older Agrippina of Cos found described.

35. Lycia. Cyaneae. Gordianas Pius .£ *26 m.

Av. AYT .K.M. ANT. FOPAIANOC. C€B. Bust portrait of Gordianus with corolla and paludamentum to the right.

Rev. KYANGITWN. Standing Ephesian Artemis.

36. Pamphylia. Isindus Julia Maesa M 25 m.

Av. LOYAIAN. MAICAN. C€. Bust of Maesa

to the right. Rev. ICINACHN. Hermes and Fortana with their attractions buten standing, between them. . I believe the letters in the field on the back are eT(OYC)A,

GO Arthur Löbbecke:

so year 4, having to read. An era on coins from Isin This was not known until now, these were the years of Elagabalus to be; a year 4 is possible there. Individual letters in Fields are otherwise common on Pamphylian coins However, the above seem to indicate a year.

37. Pamphylia. Side. Severus Alexander. M 33 m.

Av. A. K. M. AYP, CG. . . AACZANAPOC . CE. chest Image of Severus Alexander with laurel wreath and Paludamentum to the right; a € stamped in front of it.

Rev. CIAHTON. Demeter with two long, lowered ones Torches walking to the right, behind her an omphalos around which a snake winds itself.

38. Cilicia, Celenderis. M 10 m. Weight 0.76

Av. KEA. Kneeling goat looking back to the left. Rev. Horse galloping to the right with a loose rein.

39. Cilicia. Jotape. Severus Alexander. M 28 m.

Av. AY. KAIC. M. AY. CGOY. AAG (ZAN) APON chest picture of Severus Alexander with laurel wreath and pa- ludamentum to the right. Rev. IWTA (IIGIT) OJN. Artemis, the quiver over the Shoulder, standing to the left, in the outstretched right a branch, in the left a long torch. A similar reverse on a coin of Philip Jr. at Mion. 111. 586. 230.

40. Cilicia. Pug. Hadrianus M 27 m. Weight 12.62.

Av. AYT. KAI. 0E. TPA. HAP. 0E. NGP. YI. TP. AAP! A- NOE. E. Bust of Hadrian with laurel wreath and paludamentum to the right, in front of m. Rev. AAP! . MOtEATWN . nOAEWE. Eagle with raised Wings and head turned back to the left, screaming tend, an urn between his feet. The second example of a silver coin that I know of Mopsus Ciliciae; the first very similar one weighing 13.61 g. in the auction catalog of the Ivan off collection, London 1863.

Collection of Greek coins. gl

No. 507 (Purchased at £42). The stack is like the concurrent ones TarsiscLen of bad silver. The abbreviated transliteration of Obverse means: Imperator Caesar Divi Trajani Parthici 61ias Divi Nervae nepos Trajanas Hadrianos Augastas.

41. Gilicia. Olba. Polemo. 25 m each.

Av. MAPK.A(NTaNI)OY. nOAEMUNOE, APXlEPEaE.

Young person, bare head of Polemo to the right. Rev. (AYNAE) TOY. OABEHN. THE. lEPAE. KAI. KENNA (in) KAI. AAAAEEEAa (she) EHI. NEOKO. ^-(lA?) BUtz. This very well preserved piece from the Sanmdung Subhi Pacha (Cat. No. 856) complements the previous readings of this one strange and rare coins. The Neokorat appears here for the first time. The year is unfortunately blurred, but I think I see traces of LA.

42. Cilicia. Olba. Ajax. iE 25 m.

Av. KAI2AP02. ZEBAZTOY. Head of Augustus with

Laurel wreath on the right. Rv, APXIEPEaZ. AIANT02. TEYKPOY. TOOAPXOY.

KENNATriN. KAI. AAAASEXIN (she) Flash.

43. Cilicia. Olba. Ajax. M 23 m.

Av. 2EBA2T02. 2EBA2TOY. KAI2AP. Head of Tiberius

with laurel wreath to the right. Rev. APXIEPEnZ. AIANT02. TEYKPOY. TOnAPXO(Y.) KENNATaN. KAI. AA (AAZSENN) EHI. N^. . . (NenKO?)

44. Cilicia. Tarsus M 16 m.

Av. TAPTEN. Zeus Nikephoros sitting to the left, in front him in two lines HPA — KAE.

Rev. Club decorated with ribbons in a laurel wreath.

82 Arthur Löbbecka: