Doctrine of Ancient Coins, vol. 7 — 1797

K.O.A. ATP KAPPHNON. L. Veri (Vail.)

ATP KAPPH. 4>IA0P. KOAXIN. € go Comfortable. (Arigoni.)

KAP. K.O. MH. no. Comfortable. (VailU)

• KOA. KAPP. Sevjeri (Vail.) . K.O.A. MHTPOnOAIC. KAPPHNQN* Caracalla (Vail.)

KAP. K.O. MH. MECCO A. Alexander dr. (Pellerin Mel. I. p. 347.) Vailian- tius in fimilius reads A for A, from which let's go down to MitropoU:

Tfp:

Moon crefansy within what c^ruphy ty- access to pus, or: Juvenile head with pi* tio Fkr^io /uper luna , . as in the cited au- tonomo

Ha^c omoia to C\x}tujxk hinae, feu belong to the sea, to the feu of women, whose At Carrhas the famous cult arose; for Spattianus narrates, Caracalla Car- rhas Luni god's grace came , . and adds, from CajctheMrumtheQlogia lunam etma- believe the matter...

Head of a woman 5€/atum turreted immi^ mmte capM luna^ juofita idolumfitper coiu- holding meSamaUtum^ (CahiruiadixitVail- lantius) in the Goxdian gods. (Vaill. Muf. , Chief.> . ,

Ilfutier Jurrita rupi infidejfs (L Jjpicas ^ pro.pedibm flswius etfiergens ^ in nujmis At least Alexander

The rivers were the Chaboras, to whom Carrhae ad&tae*.

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508

MESOPOTAMIA;

Exftant in nfiufeo Caefareo Buimili Ca- racalla, whom in this place defcribcre ope- rae price

IMP. M. AVR. ANTONINVS.

AvG« Head of CcMracaHae bull. Col. MET. ANTONINIAN Capt the forbidden tower of muUibre. AS* IV

Oppose the same. Col. MET- ANTONINIANA. AYR ALEX. Cofmt mutier cover. there A£. IV.

Epigraph and head duHum. . - • ANTONIN . • Chapter mmOebre forbidden tower, according to what canmc^piee. AKt IV.

IMP. Slaughter M. AVR * ANTON • - .

Head of Caracas bull Col. AVR. METROPQL. ANTONI NIANA ca. The head is forbidden to change ritual AS. IV* iiiteg«rriniii« , and fabri- cae ppo aetace perelegantis^

Argumettti caura add another Ctmuno» of the same mufei Caefareus.

KAICAP. AT. KOMOAOC. CC Ca

put laurel TnCP. NIKHC. PtOMAlUW. my head A veiled tower. AE. IV. the same fabric and choose

Pterostitie these nttnios already long ago vul.

I rejoiced. *) With cAtalo^m «iftfei CaeC^

I would eat thee, the first of these EdeSke Me.

made to be thought of as a tribe of Phopotamia

of the Vaillants^ whom ^us by the way menBit,^)

and Bayer. *^ But to change the mood

He forces the god into fire in place IV. data

'quem &rm«mufeo CaefaTOOJntuli, qui.

'qoe aKbrum omtiiuln the true country

no doubt, as seen, it defines By

fuadet ifhid added poA all drbis

title" ca. y that they read explehdum etfe*

do Carrhae., and so to be excluded

Edeipham, to whom, apart from these letters, aliquod

in these Dumos jns eiEe polfet, ncmo no

he sees Added to all the hoQoruin tituios

cpmpetere Carrfais, in part from the quote

We have seen too many of them. AiUom*

Miemam fe Tocat liaec colony ex nomi-

M then commanding. The name AUxmedri

mae, which offers aumns. II. , altkmg and

iadaginisw Not rare illnd is found in

In the houses of the cities, which Alexander Se-

true appeal

protected Vennn added iUod in the name

Caracalla, who pleased Alexander

-years ago, kactenus. things are new

involuntarily But for whom it is coBflat, qaam

The inepts of Alexandri M. exftiterit imitator

Caracalla, to whom it was agreed

to roll, which I taught above this subject

in the gods of Alexander Berhoea Macedo*

niae fignati, he will have exptoratam r^o-

I received this from flattery.

Because the name ALEX in this prayer

poffa^emum pofitum ell, pofisit cuipiaii

I saw a certain colony

driam Dotari This name is true

three times, which was in the Troas GTA

there is no exHit. So equally in this

the god was removed from the name of the city and the god

from the first mentioned. Nor do the aliens perish

irbium cxempla We saw whether Bo-

ftrac Arabiaelnfcriptum N€AC TPAIA-

NHC OmilTo BOCTPAC Ergo ncqna-

than to be doubted, with the torch before him

numo IV , the god of all these Carrhas

to belong Not oMkl^, epigraphen ia

to them the Latin "which in other colonies

^arrbarum Dujaiif cife Graeea folet,>

a) Sylloge I. p.' 6j. feq. b) Numis Colonus. fub Cjuacall from p. m. 34.35. c) Hifi. 01shoeii« p. 1S3

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Mesopotamia.

5^9

^ Aella' C^pitolina , tt Sebafte Saina- the language of the city varied, and the movement of Antioch we know the net double. it's stuck Caracalla at the time of his last life he stayed at Carrha&, and then verily, I did something in that colony •Motteta's business is unchanged.

Poftremnm. I added a coin at my convenience for that reason vri-, which in place IV defcripfi, to say .fis » JSc ut.unum alteH easily ftibftitueres, nifi Yetar«t infcription so idiomtate; how theme varied * Epigraph TIICP. NIKHC. PIOMAICON in various silvers ideoarii weigh with the heads of M. Au- i^rcUi, I>. True, ct ux^^rnm rappreftb ilr- .by the two names we will give below m mimes the uncertain city of Mesopotamia fall . This coin was fixed to Carrhi ^iMJtem f fuadeiit device and type with - number IV. Commons» £0 Carrheni Com- just relate any of the barbarians they congratulate themselves so much more therefore itt near Nicephmjft wish, in which city the wolf called Nicepliori to be nurtured

Han^rtm tituk:

N. the god Aurelius In the true name of Conudodi, Qttam Mtea ignatis» Hoo tiitulo also £deflae kings liU Aint. Ed was in Ro- . Xnanos £dem teftabaatur M^fopotamie of the people, 'with whom the border of the R. empire iotatis ari)itcaritim &it, /eu Rojnams, ^ Xeu f acthift fiefe appticareht*' '

Jlafim» nb bttf^^ AunUc^. a. M» Aure-

lio, from which even before

Diafxi beDeiUiia' seem Ailfie adlibcti.

^uimianiniana^ Alixandrimay from CaracaL

la , as dlctunu

Metropolis: In the numo of M. Aurelius fupra From Vaillantio's transcript it is already read M* A. In the extremes of Commodus and Euagabalus in the same MH. IIOA., that for MHTPOnOA, But diftinctius in the gods Alexander MH MGCCOIl. A. When here title in others of M. Autelii and L. Veri nu* Mis is omitted, it is verifiable, Carrhas the honor of the metropolis from the same Aure lio abftUne. Next it; mention he hardly leaves them any more. Additional A proves the fruitfulness of the Yitlllians, Car- rhas fibi metropolis /Trifiia^ honor ar« please, for EdelTa fe metropolis he said. . But surprisingly, already at the age of M» Aure- Carrhas, the first metropolis, when the other did not take that command I fertilized the uaepia for Edefla then ad • to this proper fubjecta kings from Car^- the calla /leDUim was conducted as a colony, and Tcl ab iioc, or Macrino called Metroi- .police Where it is increased, this relii nKmum badly from Yaillantio pDomul* -gatukn-, and in advance A clearly ab- be nVaillantius^' when in the sky, - ilt He thought that the Emiphae of Oolonia of Syria (re for the true deity here too is Car rare) would read MH 320 A, , and in other Carrharum: MH. MCCCOIl A (fed and here. erred by ordering A for A) Exifimavit, by Elagabalus Emipham, which fiiit htijga- patria ^ ' said fuifle the first metropolis of Mesopotamia, Carr* these fecmdam, Aevrfpojr. Others when in < the goddess of the son of Alexander Severus lUteras legereiit AMI., evm AinidaeMe* lopotamie are generous, - then Bayerus reinforced the Opufculi ' were published by Klotzio p. 535. Now fa- tis conftat^ reading these gods deceived VaiUants, and money. f riore by*

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Mesopotamia.

hence the eflTe of the Carrhas 9 not of the Emirs, and in the other, there is no legendiun A, fcd folitum A. That suit was more protracted from at Fellerium. *)

Annns ilmperii ۥ IF in the forest does not impose ico- nism prophesied by Arigonius.

EJXESSA.

Lit in Osrhoene. Proper plim rew He had children, most of whom were Abgari They were called One of these is a good fub Severus of the Romans merited Caracalia surrounded by fraud he bound it, and threw EdelTam into it at the time of the vindication of the sinful god* Sub by the same Caracalla was also brought down a colony, as its ipfius of the god added ICO A. they make faith. How helpless Vail lantuis and others of this, and of another Edet- The gods of Macedonia were defeated, ad I have already warned the gods of this, and in what place it is easy to distinguish between the numbers of both I prophesied.

ImpiTatorii

In the claflem of the mimics of EdefTae nondtmi eolonia chance to receive some Cara- callae.numi, who mentioned KOA deleted ninety so much earlier than the city the colony was conducted eOTet^ etfi norim, eaAi mentioneqti in, some of the pofi: Caracal- lam reticecL • Vaiilantius to^ with co- lonia's numis-mifcuit, that he

rhamm quoque nimeiis fecilTe fupra mo> iHiimiu*

The gods of the gods are from Caracas to Dedu These are again ingenuous effet y £ in the way of certain faith, the god of Gordian A- frican junior perio: (Seftini Lettere T. IV. p. 130.)

M. A. K. r. A»P, KAAOC Q^ Gcrdlanipin. nudmn, he is my son mtufc Cafut Pinpiini exhibtntt. 10 eACCCA 0. M. Ccffmt-nmliihri turritnm. A£. U

The third point is that I mention Gordianus Ktera K, I don't understand "Cerie in onui" bus to others of all gentkim e|ur Bm&if I was gone KAAOC, Pnkher, epcllie^efi from all emperors, kingdoms, pris* public bait because in men there is an honorable pamm nor has it been repeated in females so far. Honeftius Gordianus lexandannis dicit^ir C£Mk>^, VenerabiSii. The name of Afritami is also strange He only became an eogonym. teds ,t and added praise epithetdn KA- The whole of AOC was perfcribi,. while Tt- ra his names in the letters of Antonius Gardisni so much ocpxai>icaig abfolvereut* £lc reaped O. M. notarized On^kttafTj Mbcx^a- c)*^, and legf itt folts Macriai and Diado- MetiiaarntimiS') certnm eft^ qnid ergo iHa to the African Gordian? Diijpfi- centnnmi, who are so many, and taraque infoIeMia they preach to us. It appears quite mnm, when he first lays the lance ^ Ma- hair or fur, and nomiiia tiilifle.

'Efdgraphi &ddiia or fu^ pceffEi colo- in the name

K.O.A. map eACCCAw Caracalla

a) Hey II. p, Wv

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MESOPOTAMIA, KINGS OF EDESSA. s^

AT. AN, €A€CCA. The same. (Hol- often to Steph. p. 107.)

MHT. K.O.A. €A€CCA. MacrinL

O. M. €A€CCA. Macrini, (Theup.) Diadumenian (Muf. Caer.)

A» 0. M. €A€CCA. (Anmmecyri OiUk^ Kicanj Moxpmxni) Macrini. (Hard.)

map ATP K.O.A. €A€CCA. pull out bali

MHT. K.O.A. €A€CCHNflN. Maelac Akxandci, Gordiani.

K.O.A. €A€CCA. DeciL

Tiffi:

MuHer tower rwpi injidms, eorMtfue sra, for the pedilms the river emerged; she ma^ does he not hold anything that Falantius has already fo^ flrumdixity (in Meera.) already vexitbm\ (in Alexander) at the temple of Feherinius (in Mamaea) the wax m aliqmbusfimt her ^ aftra, >

The forbidden head of a woman, to whom from the adversary fo ^ fimedacrum Pattadis j utviietury co*

tumeHaeimpofium, Gordiam (MuCCaer. Vaill«) Noununquam fimt also duofimi^ lia capitafe refficiencia

Metropolis: of which the first mention is made in the forest of Macrinus, although perhaps ad he had already been sent by Caracalla bar, and Mefopotamia already Carrhas the metropolis had it seems, why, from that time of Carrhae fe metropolis A» id eft prkumm^ fcri«* throw* . Names from impp.

map ATP ANTft. even greater summary, from CaracaUa, and Elaga* balo

A. 0. M. in which A. rel Atoninia^ for he notes from Diadumeniana, or us" because it is preferred, Aurelia aCa- racalla» 0. el M. OpeUiaiiamy Macri- niana*

4E. C.

RE G ES O S R H 0 EN I Jeu E D ES S EN l

Hegnum Osrhoenum !n Mefo^tamia jiixla Euphrates and from the opposite Com- Mageties drew a fixed army from Osrhoe to the son of Hevia, who V. C. 617. diflract^ rturbis ciim inteftini^ as well as external Sy- 4 the kingdom was founded by Edeflam, Mndc and the kings of EdeflTeni will be said. In jnedio Romani Particicic empire

made, and both already fuf^icions > already open to the unfaithful even as far as Ca- He passed through the racalia, from which he entered the province it has been settled, so to speak.

Hiiyu's kingdom had a wide history Theophilus SigefH- dus Bajerus in the work: Hi/loria Osrhoe^ Edephene emerges from the gods. I'm going*

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513 MR30P0TAMIA, KING OF EDESSA.

ruttJem ^iam rcgum Gatalogum ct nu- the customer proposed cJ. ^\ ife *) rum fericm ab r-egui or(i* p.«rpetuat» gave from DiMes< re^* gum votes hiiioHam* qoSe. My own inftitutd eo9 timitum perfe^uar, cfuonim nDmos JiabemuB fti|>erKited. £x pi^a*- cedentibw iU^ilriores Ai^re UdftnUs » who by treachery of the King in wars he drew thico into iniidias, quaa still ex- ftffHt^ « ad^ChFitlum feripfilTe Cereb&tUf ; of which see Bayer.

iRiBgoA^^-Osrlroeiie^ ^{Aedsqhe '4ionien ixHik \^fbgari4i ^ (M iii c^dicilMi&''Vi»ri« fCEiptum^9''AC>^po^> Avr«^?, Abbmrusl^ Jibagdrus letc^ 1b numis ^onQaEter AB* rAPOC. Whence the fact, as thieves some all the kings of his nation in common They would think that they were called Abgaros by name Frocopius : **) Avyxpog r]v ug iv Toig ivw ^opoig Edeccrjg Tonoipx^^g. irw xai T«g xa- ra t^og ^xoiKatg TTjyixxvTOc ^xaX»y. It was At a later age, Abgarus was Edejfoi ioparcha Thus, as was the custom, the kings appeared there they were But there are other kings. a list of them called by name teaches Another name of kings, and Maanus is also frequent in Dumis femper MANNOC. Another name pominA oon occmtunt*

All the other gods of the lion king ra fMie AuguBi vd the head of Auguftae, and nomeu offeniot* Conveniently igitHT eadom lcge^ which commanding, proce-

HADRIANFS and ABGAURS

- -^ APIANOC KAICAP, Cape Town irimU laur X AfirA.: • • Cmpui Ab^ gari tiara ttctum, juxta qftrum^ A£ III (Bayer p. 155.)

Dionylius Telmariens fub HadriaBo mentions Maan Osrhoes king. Therefore, Bajerus, as the god Abgarum with Maano Dion/Iii cincillet, pntat, huic I called him a fuiffe of maano dignity Abgari But this is the same thing it was given to him who did not drink much. becomes, and MaOAtw in ntniiis fcribitiir? Yes veru» it is to the goddesses, such as I betray what is the maUein of this first OBio to believe? DionyiHs especially with Bayems ipfe He rarely departs from this, and he who errs Wifi has been tried for a long time. <) But and the falcon of Dionysus tfm, n perhaps the god is not Hadrian's, fed by another emperor. In fact put in Bajeri iconism propoGtum ni- He has Hadrian. £x quo mifeTam ' fortcm li- of our commentaries cet to know often from the treacherous fen of the ancients, of the ancients motions pencLent.

M. AVRELIVS, U VERVS and AB- GARVES

Capuf M. Aurs&i^ in aKo : JL Viru X ABrAPOCv^ BACIACTC Capmt bar^ such a diademed tiara Uctmm^ AE. IH (Rajtin Vumi impp. p« 192. ta^.)

5i parts of the ontic spring to Aurefius jct VjtMum belong^ have them impe- ranting Abgamm the king of Osrhoenes.

a) Cakal« aom* Bodlei. p. 2^9. b) PeEfic, L. IL c) L c. p. 305

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Mesopotamia KING OF EDESSA

5» St

£jtrsdem DominU rcgem ea etat^ ftatu- it is also the Chrotiologus Telmarienfls»

X. AFRELIFS, FAVSTIVA tFNI-

OR, L. FERVS, LVCILLA et

MANNrS.

Epigaphe^ cofmt M. AurHiu XBA- CIAerC MANNOC *IAO - . - Pdllas d. kcfiem ^ / ciypemn^ A^. III (Spanbaim T* II. p- 578O

Epigraphe et xaput Fauftinae jun. X BACIACTC MANNOC *IAOFnMAIOC junajlans d, bowl, /^ haflmn, for ps- mbus peacock AR. III. abid.)

A, IC A. ATP. OTHPOC Chapter C L. True naked. X BAGIACTC MAN- NOC «DIAOPtiOMAIC (fic) Without ^po. AR. III* (Neumaim Num, *pop. T. II. p. 89.) In another: Mntierlans d* pateramf f. haftam AR. IIL (Pembrock F. III. tab. 5t^^

AGTKIAAA, CeBACTH. The head of Lu eittae X ftAGIACTC- MANNOC ^IAO- 92} MA. Muiier Jians d*pateramyf. ha- I will become AR. HI. (Muf. Caef.) In another; Ceres fsdens d. fpicas, / a torch AR. IFI fSeguin Ntim. fel p^ 138.) In another*: Sa- juristic AR. III. (Vail.)

And to both Auguftos and his wives aManuo dedicated currency. However Did Mannus write to him? Fuiffe Ara- biae, which is in Mesopotamia, ruled lum, exiflimant Segmnii& snow6. *) Caufa iUis ^aecipua Dio^,. larraas, **) Abgarnm EdelTae king ct ^aapum* the province of Finitknae Arabia

din uncuncatos, Trajano b^pi Tarthici «aufaMefopotamiam ingrellb to meet* Therefore, the leaders of the Mdnn Illius think that it is either his son or his nephew theme Bajerius, when he had gone out of heaven the fupra of Eitatis, him, the third M. Aurelius, and It has been said that Edefla was king in the age of L. Veri I was of Abgar, not of Mann » Abga- rum also in that air Edeflae Tcgem fta- tuat Telmarienfis, and nothing of indolence let him intervene between these gods and the rest Edeffenos, he hated to know Mamium to conform to the rule of another toparchy I admit, these reasons are not elFe afpeman- You give let us make gods, since, -etfi.non they are EdelTae, they are certainly in control nae For the moment you draw the Man* he took us I would like to help you, le- •ctor, which below can be determined by Mephopota- I will cast out my gods from the gods of the dragon •mae weight Aurelius, Veri j and iwpo- rum^ infcriptis: TfieP. N^IKHC Pfl- 'MAIflN. , with whom the gods preside so confpirant nretallo, weight, fa- brica, type, so as to be doubted by no agreement if desired, the same country But I will confirm that there is also a copofe, his argum^nti numos not alrbi, than in Mesopotamian tufts, and that full the agreement of both kinds of numbers it almost permeates, perhaps with the same nofte Manno in charge.

Mannus here, and wherever he was,

«fefe 4)lAOPflMAiON profitctur. His

~eaufa is by no means ambiguous. L. It is true

tempcBate through the war of the Varthic

holding Mesopotamia, as Roman

r) II. cc; 4))^ L. 28 i riz

t t t

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MESOPOTAMIA, KINGS OF EDESSA.

Then, in whose power he was He would win the favor of their friends it is proflfus, and you are a little too familiar (I only both Auguri and the commanding effi- he would bring in the fruits of his labors, AuguQam both women and pulling these also into pieces In short, he was not entirely Roman should be had, it was agreed that the whole of the currency of Ro- using the mana method also types Ro- to make your heart boil graph, you don't want these gods from Ro- to distinguish between the pennies of his age which you also have all the peripherals in numism TlieP- NIKHC. etc. whom I have quoted.

COMMODrS and ABGARyS.

KAICAP.AO.KOMOAOC CafutCom^ kind of laurel X BACIAGTC ABFAPOC Abgar's head is a conical miter. roof AEl. III. (Muf. Caef. Pembroke.)

It seems very rare of this god Abga- let the country be the same, which then in heaven A. AIA is said to be true. 300 ABFAPOC In favor of Commodus, Nipius said: L. Aelius^ then in favor of Severus Sepiimium* The same fenfit also cU Wi- fe , *) and Bayer. ^)

SEyERVS and ABGARVS.

ATTOKPA CGTHPOC CGB auth military Caput Severus laurel 10 BACIAGTC* ABrAPOC The head of Abgar is a miter ctum, before which in some /sceptre AE. III. (Muf. Caef.)

A similar approach. 10 KISS FGM AB-

rAPOC Capett fimsle. AE. m. (Wifep.

304.)

Similar adverbs. 10 A. AIA. CGO AB- FAPOC Caputfimile AE. III (Ibid.) BAC is prefixed to the Bajer titles (Tab. V. n. 3)

under Emperor Severus Osrhoenis fuifTe Abgarum, hifioria teaches, whom Severus was killed in the war, because gro repeated. A Spartan and Victor pa- the king of Perfarus said however, won over to the emperor, Roaoiam- who went forth and returned magnificently from this there His head well-being OptafTe seems to be the name of Septimius. A Ca- racalla" at that time Partlus beUua He brought him, thrown into chains, to the kingdom reduced to promiscuity. He muttered In Greek near Koma I found that If Bajerus recites others, we read, Antoninus, the son of King Abgarus, was handed down the tomb of his brother Abgarus, in the year of his age 26 dead It seems verifiable, as who is known as the brother of the son of Abgar and that here the name of Septimus was given to him he said, give the son the name of Amtoninus, as an example Severus triki- the same appeal to his son go Fprte Antoninus here the same e6 whom Gordianus received from the kingdom let's say

I have mercy on him and those who I have just returned, Abgarum Severus .what they sing £x these especially then the third, who names Abgarus L Aelius Septimius put The names of L. Aelius a I said to the truth that I was caught in a convenient way. As regards the name of Septimius, fpirat indeed J^ionyfius Telmacienfis who in the annals of Abgar Severus pro-

a) Muf. Bodl. p. 306. b) I. c. p. 174

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MESOPOTAMIA, KINGS OF EDESSA. 5^5

he says, fed is a rurrum disturbs everything, when from his calculus he began to reign re V. C. 941 > P. X. 188 extended in one year and 7 menfes. in the kingdom, that the time falls within the control of Commodus. Whereupon, therefore, he agreed to bring Severus to his fief he could name, which was then still private was it? But the bread of man He was well cared for, as he deservedly was in all ages I was a herd of chronologists, or let them correct or let the Hiftorics win, which they already hold tavere Bayerus, and Wifius, whom I went to.

JBGARVS and sons MANNVS.

ABrAPOC. BACIACTC Cflpaf regi$ beard tiara conical roof. 10 AAAN- NIGHT nAlC A modcfle bearded head the roof of a thousand tiaras AE. III. (PellcrinRois

P- ^53)

BA - . ABFAPO Chapter fmile, X AAANNOC. A beardless head with a tiara roof AE. I. (Pembiock P. II. tab. 72. Wife p. 299.)

He is the first deity who is the father Abgarus and his son Ilannus were to cook. And but he also trusts from the catalog of DioTiy- be, reign round that tempest jlbgarus Severus with his son, whom soon Maanu bar Abgar ^ that is: MannumAb- He calls the son of Gari, however, as We have told him that he was the age of Severus He overturned the juft. This man Abgari F. mentions that Lulius Afri- Aeanus the Syrian writer of the art of strumming I am impressed by what Tefiimoniungi recites cL wife ^)

In the former deity there are two chiefly offering AA for M, then and added the word flAlC, son, without any another example in the gods, for instead of iii in For others, the word TIOC was useful. Tefte Pelle the kidney numus here is of the same fabric, whose gods are other gods encountered by Abgari Seve- ri, which caufa, and the form of literature He drives the rum out of the town, and iftud ad Abgar and Mann of this age while, but not from Abgatus, his that his son Mannus, who was at the age of Augustus tti will be found in the kingdom of kings, because when Barthel is slightly confused my ^)

The same old error successfully corrected. A thousand years ago published Gallardus, *^) fed averfae infcri- option in a less complete fic read: FTONNOC. BA. taken hifioria Ryonmm in the kings of Osrhoe- he brought the catalog. His deceptive ecty pon see at Wifi, ^) who for fua perfpicacia her lesson a long time ago He called the doubt. They will bring true help In short, it was clear to the Pellerian god, in this also should be read MANNOC IIAIC. as Bartholomew ')

The second god from the preceding light mu- is protected Haymius, who first wanted him he had given birth, ^ when he found the fruit AANNOC, Alan, any Alan the king of the Sarmatian people hit, who with Abgar Osibocno the adversary entered upon Parthos, which so caufa fucrit common name not of this god. He did his feat

a) page 304.

b) B. L. T. 26 p. 540 f) T U. p. m. 70..

c) Alem. Txev. September 1701. d) 1, c».

T t t 2

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5^^

MKSGPOTAMIAT KINGS OF EDESSA.

Then there is Froixius> *) and he is surprised neiiuai^noQ should be laughed at pretentious here among the peoples who were rich in so much wealth connection and the focieta of weapons But that's it the first fuilCL Wife, who acutely cit, wrongly written by a raotatario A» AANNOC for MANNOC, and Mannum this is to be thought of as Abgar's son. ^) Pre- confirm the clear conjecture of a learned man he preferred to strike Pelierim's head we have been found, from which we can be certain Mann$mfiliMm.

GORDIANVS III. H ABGARVS

Caracalla was exterminated, and of this the perfidy of Osrhoenes, the kingdom of Gordias No. 3 revived the efficiency of this fact we owe it to one Bumi, silent all bus hiAoricis Don't let him tell you customer:

ATT- K.M. ANT rOPdlANOC C€B, Cofut laureatemm^ in aliif radiated. X ABrAPOC. Kissing The head ngis thee a flowered tiara AB II» IIL They are ob- vii.

Sbnilii adver/a^ X ATTOK rOPAlA- NIGHT ABrAPOC. BACIACTC- AbgOrus tiara tectm fiams etf. fdpion tensns Qor- Diano offers FictorioUm to the infnggefiufedenti. AE. m. m. and I. (Theup. Muf. CaeC) In to another: The same epigraph. Emperor radicOo pcttudatus becoming f globum^ adftat Abgams d. elata^ f fcipionsm AE.^ I. (Bayer tab. VII.) In another: ABTAPOC. BACIACTC. Abgarus the peacemaker's horse he had AE. I. (Ibid.)

Who was there Abgarus to the kingdom? Osrfaoener called by Oordiano; equally

like everything else unknown. Verifimilct his poor son, whom Ca racalla, whom good Gordiams ad- to abolish the infamy of the predecessor he had died And indeed it is probable, fiiiffe I will choose the sons of Abgar, as you said before Abgarus Severus Apparently Abgarus Gor- for a long time in the kingdom of the gods of fate, which its branches even in remote areas let the earth become a great number.

HILEIA

Obfcuro faaic towns cmtomomtsmwtot' Fellerinius gives one: the head of Pabadius. X lAHA. Ceres fedens d* fipieus ^,f. Rome mum inver/um^ for the feet two fsrpsmUs. Spectata litcrarum pofiUone etiaiii aMter I could read the epigraph. Numo to this £mil- I am the other one, which was published by Klieuiiis/) mfi that in this infcripHo is A6H. Why also the former numas Atbeoaram it is more true. Nor indeed on the holidays ctor learned aUenus fiiit ' a rcftkueiHfo Athenian god, as a profiteer ipfe in in- saySupplemeDdlV p. 13,1« IpCaetian device, as it appears from iconism, ^ Rum favors Mesopotamian.

A LOT

Impsratorium Trajaai edidtt PeDeri- denial; MeriAiTOIR* MuUsr ftdmu d. fpiccUyf. qeUd in^arfceptriA) Aucfor erwdi- tus, as if the other names of the city were magb He is considered affine to the HunMtsi He giae Mefopotamiae, one of whom was Zofiai«s He mentions that Mf^ra was written from this. Al'eiirm~d66ilit cl. Seltrnus, in (rmiIE>

a) Reg. T«t« .11110»^ P. ^ 19* b) 1« c. p. 300. c) Adpeadic. I. d) MeL I. p. 20

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MESOPOTAMIA;

5»r

mo fuo difincte lcgi AAGPTClTOW, because he was so close to the Pelierinian re« (tituendum Laertes of Cilicia* *)

NICEPHORIFM

To the Euphrates, from I heard Pliny.

Alexander M.

Emperor

Gordiani is quoted by Vaillantius : NIKH- 4>0PinN. Jupiter/eating d. Victorious V-therefore I will go to the city of love Niceplioro no- mind put in"

AE. KRRR.

not here

Tigridiflttvio nearby^ ancient and no- biUs, Qxaecis called Aiitiocliia Mjgdo-^ iMa. ^)

In the area of the numbers of Seleucus VI. S^rriae not infrequently the king's writing is read in NOISI. by which some were told that this was Nffibin who would believe, fed that we refuted jnus in the coinage of this king

The cottons are as much extant as the gods it is probable that it was introduced by Severus, when which is called Septimius,' and what he says Dio : ^) Severum Nifibt naagnam digai- tatem addidifle^ of which he was also a part colonial honors*

Numi hactMus discovered by Paula To Decius

Epigraph: C€CI KOAa N^OSi. (nunqua» NICIBl , uk aptid fcriptorea

reads) Under Decius only: KOA. N€- food (Pellerin.) In the spirit of Paula : KO- NOTHING N€CB€I. (Pellerin Suppl. L p. 44.) an error, no doubt, of the coiner.

Types: Veiled female head, tower then, /upra that aries /aliensj type more alive — MuUer rupi fnfideits d^ /pitas , Jupra aries /atiens j in/ra fluvims emergen^^ Gordiani, Otaciliae. (Pellerift, VaiH.) Aries within roroifiim, PhiUppi. (Skin-

rin.)

Tjpo of the woman to be told the jewel of the city: conftat» fed ram difiFicilier explained.* Vaillantius was badly told by him, but whether the city in the spring, that is, with the ram Col pervades, incipifle, for They also present a failed attempt. daughter of the Antiochenes, whose oum coeptfle ia autumn, it is certain

Metropolis £0 honor the city before* given to Philip, and given to Vaillantius, since with the head of this first mum added MHT he found True or worse with the head (he finds Dirt PeUerinius; lest they cry out to the two Alexanders and you set your head on the mufe of Caefar, and at Theupoli Oim «rgo other Akxaa^ this title was abfiined by the drinker, aUi utan tur, certum-efi^ from this impfcrator Nl^ the honor of the metropolis has been obtained.

Name from impp.

C€n. and in the woods of Philippi at Pel- lerifiium A. C€n:^ aSevero>^coloil£ae, as it is verifiable, parent.

10 C€n. or LOTA CCrt. or: 10 A. C€IL etc. of the city pp. who was of the tribe of Lulia.

AE. R.

a) Letter P. IL p. 104. h) Theodorit* Hift« L. 1« «. j4 c^ Lr 75 ^

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518:

Mesopotamia.

RHESAENA

The noble victory of Gordianus of the Perfis.

Temptrat ori :

, let Caracalla alone perish. (Wall. Chief Pcllerin.)

PHCAINHCICON. A woman on the rocks d. fpicas, in area T

These gods also agree with Pellerinius among the colonies there are no gods to refer to, for his information is not They do not offer a choice or type. Why? and it was, as is verifiable, brought down by Severus was, yet these gods of Caracalla killed her they precede the state. - AE. RRR.

Colony, as I said, was led by Severus which argues that the first name of Septimius is at least encountered The names of Alexander Sev. , and Decius was especially frequent.

Epigraph:

PHCAINHCICON. almost without adding to KO A., fed tjpi they argue the colony, presumably Coionus plowing^ or added />- gioy which crushed the colonists, or Fexil- lum, or an eagle of a legion insignia, or A centaur drawing a bow^ of which below.

Cen. K.O.A. PHCAINHCIWN. in a U- he is at least

Type:

The forbidden woman and the towering rock of the unfaithful god aquita, emerging from the banks of the river, Alexander

• The eagle of the legion, as I have said, and the rum is made in these gods, the scythe on the floor

The Genius of the city was tumultuous, and Paoas was crying

to the altar on the other side the trophy, on the other side the Centaur's bow tendenSf Decu. (Vail.)

See about the Centaur soon in the Legion*

The time in which the night falls, below son of Decius. (VailL) In aUo for the night is Aquita »Etrufcillae, (VaiU.)

the worship of Lovi and Pallas let them say

Legion: this is a great choice, for falfa and until the time of Pellerini we will soon perftring the old one :

LEG. III. P. or more fully: LEG. III PIA^ in the god of Alexander. (Pellerin McL

I. p. 348.)

Each epigraph or city title it is finished, or it is brought in a carriage, or it is placed twice, being added to the name of the city, again in the banner, in the sky Tens. (Pellerin I. c. Muf. Caef.) Delc- Gione III , which was born in Mesopotamia these Dios : ■) Severus Partltica the first. and THIRDLY he died in Mephopetamia To this legion, then, or to his part Rhefaena, the founder of the colony He conceived a tandam.

Vaillantius Centaur in the area of the fcul- ptum fuppicatur to note I. and IIL the Parthian legions, which tefle Dion in Mephopotamia was attached, and whose the mighty fuiffe of the Centaurs of the god Gallen they teach But for the fruitful cited Gal- the gods of the centaur were not of the first legion III. , fed 11. Infinge fuil of Parthica. Rc however, it perishes among the ancients, as it is typed He wanted to be helped. Herodian tells us, ^) Alexander Sev. great power of riors, whom I brought with me from the East

a) L. 50 5. 24- b) L. Vl. c. id.

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Mesopotamia.

S^9

partly from the field of the Osraenes, parted from Parthia to meet the fugitives Intruding the Germans, at Trebellium Claudius Gothi complains to Pollion. cus, all fagittarians, what is ashamed to say wax, ^enobium pofsidere *) Closer What is the meaning of the Notices of dignities : ^) Equi- the first native of Osrhoe end The knight-errant conveniently indicated there in the type of a Centaur stretching a bow, ct Rafin was mentioned in the notice of the judge who that the Cellarius should be given the same effect, which Rhefaena \ whence it is gathered, makes the said tarios at Rhefaena ftetiffe, and ve- so much so, that the Centauri noted soldiers Perhaps, however, here he does tarius type of zodiac and aphtrology re- fpicit, for even in the neighboring Singara the currency returns.

# ♦

Stabilized by a true lesson from Pellerinius

L. IIL P. to be noted the double error of the ancients antiques

I. All those who preside over Pellerinius indeed, and even ife the great Noriflus, and Lobertus /^) read those letters: L(. IHP that is; year and so epo- x: they charge us with Hadrian's im- I am about to perish. So these things from the epo* to be removed from the catalog of the dear ones.

II. Vaillantius in some gods Inscribed with the standard of Alexander and Decius reads: L£G III. GAL. , than a lesson Pellerinius rightly calls it into question, ^) who reads the law in its entirety. III. P. Legion III. French ftetiffe at Damascus, and Tjrum, we have already seen them.

AE. C.

SPEED TO THE TIGER

The famous river near the Tigris and Euphrates tis confluence near the old Babyio- founded by Seleucus I. Dear Lu- ciano ^eKevH&vg ino Tiyfiog. *).

Autonomous:

The head was turned upside down. X SEAETr KEHN. THN nPOS Tirpei trip AE. III.

This particular coin from the mufeo re« I see the Gauls cited by Pellerinius, 0 ct Barthelemy, «) the truth by which it is ex in metal, in which type, or epigraph, noa they added. Supported by CI. No Abbot Blondius, his god, you all drink as we propofus, defcriftt, fic tamea, to admit that he was much pore injury shot.

In this city, too, it was fixed tetradrachm of the Parthian kings, de with which see what I differ in animation by the changes of the kings of Parthia thrown § VII.

AE. RRRR.

SJNGARA^

A Roman colony, from which it was conducted no one betrayed In the world it is called ATP. 200 , from which he could gather,' her from M* Aurelius, or L. Verus, brought forth by Se- But I was affected by the benefits.

Let the gods perish with the head of Alexadr

a) \n yita Ctaudii. b) He knows. Osrheen.

Macrob. 0 Rec. II. p. 172. el 249.

c) T. II. p. 30«. g) B. L. T. 28, p. 5<>8.

d) Honey, 5 p. 35»- «) "»

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5"

Mesopotamia.

etG^M-diniii, fiintqtte «pud VaiUaotium, ct in the Caerean mufue.

EpfgraphBHOti&MSi ATP. CCII.KO A. QNrAPA.

Tiffi:

Head mulMrev^tahm im*i'ifmm ^ 'fitpra Tendency of the centaur bow of which type we did in the neighboring R>heCMna«

MuUer towered red trusting ^ fupra the same Cemtamms, sinking below the river, Gor- diani (VmU.)

AE. RR

ZJtTTHJf.

Vrbs|Wttwm co^ta, from which Gordia* »i lepiricnmi eonlpici •poteft-teftc Am- miano ef^Rmo.

Trajan's emperor ciw ^actentts -cogoittis , ^et published by P^l- lerion: (Rec. III. -p. «52O

ZAT0HC. NiAC - - Cultivation fiction with folio

Alludes to -ty^tts to -related by Trajan in this journey Wctortas

jE. RRRR.

VRBIS mCERTAE MBSGFOTA^ MYE^

ExQant is certain of a certain kind of god M. Aurelius, L. Veri, and their wives, who Judge me in some city of Mesopotamia •are Agnates They are from various authors "promulgated once the council added com- mentarii. safe system pofiulatv

ATT. KAl. M. ATPHAIOC. ANTn- NINOC €100 Head of M. Aurelius laur. X

.Tn€P. NIKHC. cPnMAmN. Armmms kmm fedens^ juxta clffpeus^ etvsxiBmm,^ at the bottom of APMCN AR. III. (MuT. Caef.) £aBdem liuac «mum edidk Khelli* u&y ^ fed twice stumbled, when qtied for He said, then, that the building had been leveled that which was captured by the enemy, you would have done iBOPe, said "NCCL is the most certified AP-

Bknkm wdverfa. 10 TOCP NBCHC. FnMAIilN. Fmusft0kftafhmsd.ponmmy /, kifiam, AR.HI. (Vail.)

rt)ATCTlNA. CeBACTH. Capmi F«- ftinaejun X TIICP NIKHC. PliMCaN. (fk) The same Vemris ifpus.' AR. UI (Md£ Cef.)

Oppose the same. X TIICP NIKHC mMAIflN. Mulierftanscum4.infamtamy two of which I give in Jinu geftat^ at the bottom they are AR, III. (Vaill. Theup.)

Oppose the same. 10 TOeP. NIKHC TflN. Ce&AC. Venus ftms d. hmmmm f. haftam AR. III. (VaiU.)

Oppose the same. 10 TnCP. NIKHC. TFTN. KTPIHN. G € Luppiter fedtns d. ^Victory AR. III. (Muf. Caef.)

The same adverb 10 THCP NIKHC TftN.KTPIQN. Lect^kmmm cmm dmotms boy AR. IH (Harduin Hift. Aug. p.

779O

ATT. K. A. ATP. OTHPOC. CCB Chapter L. Veri. 10 TUeP. NIKHC. KT- PinN. €100 Pallmftans dLtelmm^ /. d^fe-^ um. AR. ill (Vail.)

Oppose the same. 10 THGP NIKHC^ THN KTPinN. GCBAC Murter ftams d^ ghtmm y f tomocopiae^ AK^ III. (Liebe P- ^5^')

AOTKIAA CG8ACTH. Chapter Xm^

a) Sylloge 5 p. ^3^ b) Sup^em. to Vaill.

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Mesopotamia

521

tOae. X TneP. NIKHC. TXIN. KTPinN. £100 MuHir ftcms d* ghbum » f eormuo-- pious AE. lil (MuC Caef.)

Help all those who • mulgarere, to define their birthday noD are auG Pellerinius, in which place in* I filled out the rhododendrons cat registered : POAIOJ meP. THN SEBASrnN. ,•) brings, in this ora^ the voice of NIKHS to be praised, and besides, all the silver drachmas recorded in a low weight (which no I inculcated these ipfos, which here pro- pofui) to be attributed to Rhodes. This fan I think that fate has been refuted by me on the move NetaRhodis, as, if it pleases, go. Other therefore to be attached to this genus of numbers country

If there is any value in the matter of numismatics, logy, the contention of ethnic groups, hardly allowed bit of the country of this silver coin Mesopotamia to doubt. His argument Mentuoi most assuredly fooled the gods Manni of King Edefla, or at least of the region of each one, which was a neighbor of Edefla. With these we know these gods confpirate with them, so that it becomes necefle, both that in eddcm, or the fall of the same to blow up the plasterers in the factory. For But Don is just a fabricator and a metal, (of silver for both fumes) and weight, and volume, and the form of the letters the same they are in all, but that for by which treatment the god Manni they are related, and these are also known to us; those for in the same way as these heads of Aurelius, Ve- ri, and they present their wives. To these things in on both sides, so that the contributors become level, ty-

f i from Romanra his tttatis coin de- they are ready Vtrum Irercle verifimiiis tantacoBCprdia, fi in di&it^ regions Who wants to be proud, and these you have tried them, for example, the caufa malt dn Rhodes > while to another Matmi in ttiedi-, ^ranea^, and at such an interval diflantc Mesopotamia see the light? Why is it snowing? 4 Let not all things be mistaken, all these things, or in one and the same Edefla, or in a neighboring one in any city, or in Carrhi, they are I fell Even the hiflory of this age It helps me tremendously. He teaches these, Mesopotamium under Antoninus Pius death from the Parthians by a sudden attack played, soon by Romans, ipfo L. Ve- under the command of the expedition, the cat, and then the other kings were driven out, os c^onftltutos , confirmed others, civi- even the unaltered forms, which a colony established among the Carrhae. Why? precipitous into the flattery of Mefopotamia all, and by this the king Mannus fe- fe in the gods (DIAOPnMAION , and Carrhe- ni quoquein faisfefecWAOPnMAIOTC to appeal, in inditio etiagi colouiae fuke AurehiU named by the victors of Augnfii both Aurelius Why did I settle for another? generally by the same kings and people This is also the case of modern romance washed away by victory, my silver, whom I have quoted and recorded: rnCP. NIKHC. etc. For the same argument then belongs the bronze statue of Commodus with epigraph: TnCP. NIKHC. PCO MAICjL)N., whom the fupra in Carrhis pro- I ate Of course, from the recovered fub Aurelius Mefopotamia

a) Letters p. "3*

(^yot.iiL)

V u tt

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5"

Parthia

fta and c^rtamina epiniciat conRi- safe, and that kind of occaQone of these of the gods, of whose kind it is also neu8 I. form with head L« Veri a Ni- the king of Bithynia, in whom aver- fa: PnMAIQN. NIKHN. N€IKAI€IC.*) and the other of the same Truth in the same way 8. ^)

Obf(?nrare swears, in prelent nu-

mif t^poi all clearly ejc «one

P A RT H I A

Imperforium • Trajani Vaillantius ex He quotes Medici. Italy, Cape Town going to a trophy according to the race Eft here born in any Greek city outside Parthia, as well as others inscribed AA- KIA, and commends Trajani of Par-

these victories. For the same reason numiRomani infcript PARTHIA.CAP- TA. by the same Trajan

AE. RRRR.

A) Geiher Ub. 118 n. etc. b) Skin

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THE KING OF PARTHIA

5«3

R EG ES P A R T H lA E

larthi^ a Scythic race, domeQicis fe- ditiooiis the country of the furs proximas^ Hyr^ they had occupied the lands of the dog, threats, five with Perfae, five Macedo- lest they should take possession of things. Alex died dro M. pofi some< times Seleucid- in short, the government of the kingdom of heaven I don't want to take much food, don't you? they are openly defeated by the kings of Syrta take off It was done during the reign of Antiochus II. 9 years. defining luftino ^) L. Man- Leo Vulfone, M. Atilius Regulus Cos. who was V. C. 498. A. X. 256. , a quo the beginning of the Parthian era Vaillantius believed. According to £u- It happened eighty-two years ago. Arfa- ces, and Tiridates brothers, illufinorls both of them yirtutis, rather than as commanders libtdinem poITeat perfdlt^e. This nation until now defeated, and in the heat of co held at the beginning of the power, eo- even from the front of the fuccefs barred, so that it is not only those who we had been pafsa, he would command, fed and fic Roman noHTet desire to elude give, as if I were the ruler of the world to obtain the capital of the East, do* oec, which are the fa* of great kingdoms

so, the old masters again to be tried.

Of the gods of these Parthian kings, that they are far from seeking, in wealth they must also be carried by numophjlaciis, yet from all gathered together in they make a number of clay, and an illufire I will strike from the beginning of the kingdom until the the right of Alexander Severus* to be overthrown fooled Vaillantius them of all nearly all of the ancient kingdoms of God pre- to express the merits of the known fibi mufes he froze, and went on a perpetual holiday butos illufiraivit animadverfionibus, fed death hindered him, the less he planned with long cares he would put the work to rest, However, the common language is more common with prefixed fron ti title : jlrfacidarum imperium, five r^- of the Parthians I borrowed my mother. Parifiiis iz^5* ^ 4^ DefuilTe with the excellent propofitum fuprema the hand which frequented the ships after* , learned men have long since died ti) among whom there were not a few who to amend what Vaillantius had sinned they are adoring, so much more confident in their new work placed, that the figures of Par- the fuppiements of VaiU were joined by the unknown language, which, as in the

a) lu XU 9, 4*

V u u 2-

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5*4.

THE KING OF PARTHIA

To the gods (yesterday Tolet, to separate from the ancients they forced the commandments. H05 between Erasmus Frolichius should be remembered with praise who, with the help of this great number, Caefaneura recens by number in the thefaur Many of the coaches have successfully deployed in a work entitled: The Nu^ of the Old Kings mismata anecdota^ Findobonae 1752. Sed These are the merits of the immortal man Peiierinus anyone who hits the numbers will foretell, not in the best way. fodder fjpd and iafignes- fuos commentaries with the world of these delights nicants, whom he freely offered nnum io work : MSdaiOu dei R

In this way the kings of Parthia were struck The most important thing is that it is certain or the reason for which you were a god is gone they may be properly adjudged to kings. Ten- tavitiftud VaUIantius, fed or fefeUit openly, or randomly the ratn of the law inUar drank, than his con- to raise confidence, fed by law Freretius grinned. «) Yet in defcri- Boedus of the Parthian kings, the god Vaillan. I generally retained the order of thee, no quo that he seemed to approve, fed quo untamed ifiud train of any kind \\* la, fed with any confidence it stinks

Snumer^ttis numif of the kings of Parthia I will notice some of them, in which I will deal with metals and smiths ca» 11« of the epigraph. UL de nomiai.

bus of kings and titles, IV. of tjrpis, V. of the epoclia, VL of the unregistered men, VII. according to whom these gods were known in Parthia fint cousins

ARSACES I

According to Trogus of uncertain origin, the fertile Ctefiam from the region of Perfarum kind, when he saw, from Phericia, others Agathocles, for Antiochus III of these lands to the prefect, the brother of Tiridates' chastity to be tempted, by the author of Par- thos follicitates, and ejects the Sjros FidUs calls him the king of Parthia. Obi- it in pre-V. C. 500, A. X. 254, oum two years, and a little more it stings Of the spread in the after- you will do it by honoring the name of Arfacis, and we shall deal with it in relation to the gods below notice IIL

Number :

Head rtgis rainf^e roof gaUa md hu' sheer, and diademed. 10 BASE nS. AP2AK0T. Partkus fedUi ^ quoi covered with carpet^ jM/tdens d. bow in advance he says AR. III. (ilHerin.)

The name of this Arfaci I. of giving c^iTa Fiiit Pellerinius, that no ^ nifi BA- !SIAEnS, he prefers the title. Eninrrero eKiles fuirTe Arphacis I. res, argument It is that Parthia is poor was, indeed, to the king for two years, in which im- passed away, the fate of the king adverfun Syros amiRa 'repeating your ri. However, it seems to me that the bile, mMmn» huoc^ persist a4 Atta^

«) B. L. So. 19 p. 103.

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RBIGES VARtHlAK

i^i

cetnlL percaufa^, which I immediately gave mouse

« «

Vaillaritius Atfacl I. ttibuit bina te- tradraohma a wide range of honor titles tiir- gida^ that the judgment of the law reprehehdutft' Barthelemy and Pellerinius. Eft uter- behind Phraates IV*

aR^SACES 11. Thidates.

The brother of Arraris I., the form is not in doubt suitable for the needs of Agathoclis Pae had irritated his lust. Kingdom a brother left with great accefsions au* get Seleucus H. with great exTci- you will attack Parthla, so that you will rebel against him he would call back the service, the meadow-fed it takes, however, pilR years 9 He returns to the kingdom. Because of so many things You earned the nickname Magni it is as if Synellus cx Arrianus is teftatur He died in the 37th year of his reign. V. C; 537

Number :

The king's head was covered with a gate dtflua shoulders and diadems. 10 BASE AEHS. MErAAOT. APSAKbT. Far^ thusfediliy that is covered with carpet y trusting d. He held out his bow. AR. III. (Muf. Cacf. PelleriD Suppl. III.* p. 4.)

Lure this coin of Arphacus II. imparts PeUerinius, because the priest plicity, with no other itffifgnis title except <](uam MErAAOT , quo^ him a We were dead when we left h^KVnumo fimiKavideam oris lineaib^n- those, which inpreeeedenteArfAcil.^ibtitb;

€t' all the rest of the same reason pto uno- MEFAAOT enoomio, vcrifi* ifiile seems, illUm qubqqc ArfaW I The tribute of Numuth Tiridates should be restored. To whom the name MEFAAOT seems to be obftdre in the former 'omifTum', it confirms this, Tiridati early from the accession of the kingdom of Magn title entered. Aren't you prone to cre* dcfe, the first Tiridatisnumos with that title ca^iffe? but I desire that through the insignia' He returned the facts in vain, I begin with the mention of the gods. •

Vaillantius was added to this cat t^tradtachma tituldriim faftu inflated» which must certainly be due to a stronger air.

ARSACES III JrtabofHisL

Antiochus III. pnmum IioRcm , de- from there the foci of the weapons were habct. Every day whether he reigned is uncertain.

ARSACES IV. PriapaiiT.

He reigned for 15 years. rdictis fiKis Phraates and Mithridates bis luftinus dc this Arface memorye^ rcliquft prodltum In another place cjtrs qtfo- that Artabanus ii. *)

Arsaces V. Phraates I

When he had many children, his brother Mithridates of virtue ^ therefore fucceflbr appeUat

H Ufui^

ProtSmt^ rtgis bariatA ' diadmata. X

a) L. 42 c. «.

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THE KING OF PARTHIA

BA2IAEn2. MErAAOT. AP2AK0T* Enid^ANOTS. Parthus fettae, to which he tapa inflerfUturf untrusting d. arc mver/um pr^m tends to AR. III. (Pellcrin.)

This coin belongs to one of in the first Arfacids, argues fimplex BA2:i- AEnS fupprelTo BASIAEftN, then for- I am faithful, because each of them is in fequen-^ it will vary according to the Arphacus ii. It is true that they were frightened those who are more certain of this are whispering to one another a bearded man, another with a head, and li neamenta Seriously fane fuae ipfe con- * *) What but rather to this Arphasian nume As for this exiRim, I will put it in the caufa the title Eni4>AN0T2, which he added also Antiochus IV. Arfacis V. equal l|s. For it seems quite verifiable, Par- tjiips sometimes of the Syrians. i- propofuife to be measured.

ARSACES VI. Mithridates I

Arphacis IV younger son, virtue t.e. no one fruitful of the kings of Parthia, Babylonia, Bactrians, Medes, £- Demetrius ii. Sy* Many of the king of Rome were captured in the war. years He has a liberal attitude. About the truth recipient. or de^meotip of the kingdom aon niiiil We are certain.

, Numi :

Protome of the king's beard nafo 4sdunco, and diademata^ in aUis:. head tiara dsade mat roof 10 BASIAENS BASIA- IIN. MErAAOT. AP2AK0T. Eni*A.

Noti;. Parihus fidiU four fidcm unfaithful d. He held out the inverted bow. A m. (Muf. Caef. PeUerin.)

Gods like Vaillantius UribuitAi do 9., fed eoshujus efle ArladsFj lerinius from the title BASIAEHS^ fiAS AEilN collects, Of course he so many i to these peoples also so many kings Pactlus i He cites the tributaries, so that he was rightly deprived of them this title was given to him by adCcilce But for from it ifiud so much is liqueturf no other than the previous kings in kd tif ulum jus fuifi^e, and fbrte first a fiitifle Arphacem VI. , to which he was glorified it pleased A true female title they have not infrequently used it) ges fucceOpres, and these same kings fil had fubjectos,

Vaillantius attributes to this king DumQii, who adds the titles 0EOT, AIKAIOT, ETEPRETOT, EnicDANOTS, *i^ AEAAHNOS, fed iftufl admodumeJ ambiguous* . ,

jSRSA-CES

Phil

Pharmates 11

Arfads VI. son, by Antiochus VH Awake, that the fratricm DemeuiuiB H. in ^fitness ^etinttefat, wanted by war most pijaviocias, ainitit, fed cje- cto verCa fortune hofte recupcrat Ptf- U in beUo.cantca Scythas..

«) Suppl. Uh p. ^.

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5«X

'.f** Does i :

^ The king's bearded head covered with a tiara. X tebasiaEnS MErAAOT. AP2AK0T. 'S^.eEOnATOPOS. NIKATOPOS Par- ^this is usually fed with a leaf. AR. III. (Muf. DmB.Caef. Pellerin.)

ii^. Pellerinius refers to the money here because of fo^.tulos GEONATOPOS, and NIKATO- ^&r.POS, to whom it belongs, that fi- tEsliusfuit of the father ©EOT, here that Antio- n;r: chum VII. impressive reported victory VA becomes But he called you a father :;, tion 0EOT, fola Vaillantius V. ra nititiir, NIKAT0P02 but the name i;^: aUi are also obtained from the rictorii. jj-^ VaiUautius in the god, whom to this Ar- ^, do II. gives, I read the title GENIOT, - BofpitaUs, in the god of the Parthian kings ^^ hitherto unknown. Read more truthfully» ^- while he had been AIKAIOT, which was fufpicated : ]am is Frolichius. •)

ARSA CES 8 Ariabmus II

Arphacis VII. uncle Neither did his tdara memory, nor certain gods. In war against the Scythians He dies with pride.

ARSACES 9 Mitkridates 11.

Arphacis 8 the son to whom the property was given To give a great nickname to Lufiinus. When Lr. Sulla, who returned to Cap the paddock of Ariobarzanis caufa in Afia fnilTus is, he acted through ambassadors, first of all this Roman trade with the Parthians Commemorating the success of this king

rat lufiinus, ^) fed Mithridates II with Mithridates III. it confuses that Vaillantius already notices

Numi

A bearded king's head thrown in a tiara, X BASlAEhS. MEPAAT APSAKOT ATT0KPAT0P02.

CaputfimUe 10 BASIAENS MEFA AOT AP2AK0T. ETPFETO Eni *ANOTS* (DIAEAAHNOTS. ParthuM female AR. IIL (Muf. Caef.)

The previous sum was given to Arphacus Hajmius with the title ATTO- KPATOPOS, whom because of the excellent things Geftas seemed to have earned it, then alle* nim *IA0nAT0P02, that tefte lufti- no ^) cym the Scythians several times he fought, and avenged the injury of his parents it was Haymius approves the judgment of Pelle- rinius, who also titled the other The issue of the different buc recalls. can be tat, as here the name of Arphaces AinoxpaTopog fortify with the rivalry of Tryphon the Syrian of the same king, but then of the gods let them go back to more ancient times hand

According to Vaillantkim here Arfaces 9 He was the first who gave me the great name a currency given by the people. But Arphaxus ii. glory to him then the same Arfaci 9 gave money" which we Arfaci VI.

«) Reg. yet. god p. 43. ^) L* XUL c, 4« c) L« XLII« c. a.

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R£G£S OF PARTHIA.

AiSACES X YaiUaodo MmMfdrm.

The kings, who are nearest to the king, rie^ is clearly uncertain. To these Vaillao- tius reductusanguftiasMnarcirem quem- dam, who fills the gap, forces here whom Lucian ap- pellat, and lived 96 years. *) But IfUciaaiis leflBipus did not aid him, as he re- gnaTitf Mque so uncertain, and name, which VaiUaniius hiiic effc lAnafciri own Tuk.

ARSACES XI HEALING

BarfcarQm iRud Bomen not unknown lcripOTibus, fed Tarie promulgattun, the fire of ignorance, the fire of the books of Titius. Loiciimo dicitur Strarpomfg ^ in oKa edi- tion com^as 'Sma^^xkJig^ ^) Phle- jonti2iJ«tf«xjy^, •) Appianus SnrpiicT^ , *) M in mmo is brought .^EapccrpoiKiig» Here Pajmhiae tmpecaTit ^ at which time Lik who with Mithridatc and Ti^ane bet liMB ^fessed up ^ and died while he was still In that war Phraates had iiicceirofcm of the exact year of Titus, 86 will he reign for 17 years We hold the oerta of the nation. But in- "Erta go" what Vailiantius said about him Airpe and fortua de luo impromptu gobi* he mourns

Ifmmi:^

Protofm rtgis maitftt hariai» dtsJe» muU£u X BAZlAEftS. 2ANATP01K-- JHErAAOT. APSAKOT eEOnATO-

P02. ETEPRETOT Fsrtims/edim cmL tm folito AR. IIL (PeUerin.)

Protom^ fimiUs. X BAXLVEOZ ME- FAAOT AP2AKOT. MEONATOPOZ. JETEPFETO The same t^ms. AR, UL (Muf. Caer.)

Very close to my daughter. 1 BASIAECS AP 2AKOT. £ni4>AN0T£. GEONATO- P02. ETPFETO The same tffpms. Atl IIL (VailL)

The same is the case in mimes IL and IIL To the same king Tindicat, and& SaoatFOcck Aomea n

ARSACES XIV Phrmatts lll.

40 sons of the Arians, as was just said. He d#to ^iftola , which IAtcgra exfiat in the fragmeatis of Salluftii and in the foeieta of the war. Mkhridales tried to draw them PooCicus^, and the same for Cr temaTit Lucullus, soon Pompe^ JfL Uiisc is He provided the infenGor, <{uod the king quiden^Ped noa the king of kings Ce appeliaA That's it. ^) £i moreover fuilEe cogoomea Phlegon teftatur Dei^ quoted as false. He was the son of Mithridates tX Orodeau

N mmi :^

Pro^Qnm rules tnod^e hmrbestm diade^ mother 10 BASIAENS BA2IAEX1N. AP 2AK0T. METAAOT AIKAIOT.eEOT- ETNATOPOS

TituU BASiAEnS BASlAEfiN.., and

•) God 537 $6.

(v) TM. Bucreinn.

c} sp. Phv^ cod, 97*

d) b««.

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THE KING OF PARTHIA

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GEOT, with whom I will reign this city let it be, as we have said, to pass through Vaillantius, to award him this money.

Pellerinius refers to the same numumy who also was in Caerareus: BA2IAEA2 BASIAEnN. AP2AK0T. AIKAIOT ETEPRETOT, KAI. OIAEAAHN02, fed weak fane conjecture.

JRSACES XIJL Mithridates IIL

Son of Arfacis XH., A you were because cruelty to the kingdom of the pulTus, soon Baby^ lone was beaten and captured by his brother Orodes is killed Whom Vaillantius Jiuc TOcat, uncertain if the king < '•

ARSACES Xir. .Oroiks.

14th son of Arfacis, his brother killed He goes to the kingdom. Craflvim with the army destroys by internalisation. Boman Syria He sends the son of Pacorus to overtake him, fisd whom Cafsius represses. By Lab- Aum rans to the Parthians for fear of the lllyers flight, adding again to his son Pacor, Syria, Palaefiina, Phoenicia, Ci- let him, and trouble the part of Afia, fed to- And then P. Venddius was defeated in the battle he is afraid The king was overcome with grief and went mad He fell here, and by the agency of the kingdom to the son of Phraats let him be killed by my parricide.

£i from Vaillantius a numus of uncertain law is given

ARSACES 15 FhrfuAts IV.

That he might reign more safely, 30 brothers. blind Ib sends the perfidious father to the underworld. M. An- (^VoL IIL}

tuna into Farthia, when a^ liquamdiu like a network including e^tremii and all things suffer, from the ends he casts out The trepidation of the fibi distrustful I was forced to flee to Syria immediately after the battle. fed when he did not define faevire in fuos, when Tiridates was summoned from Syria, I was sick and tired of the help of the Scythians. tus" Auguflum V. C. 754. in Sjria de- while he feared the nation, his military and the xaptivos Roman^s from Crafsi and An^ He returned after being restrained by the defeats of London. Sons IV. He sends hostages to Rome give friendship 9 he would have a scarf. The last in the years of his reign, he broke again with the Romans concordia « fed tlon much poft to repair that C. Caefare Agrippa F. metum ex . By the son of Phraate He is glad of the renewed fcelere, which ie ipfe he snapped at his father

Number :

i) Gsipm} f$gis mod^ bearded diad^ the mat X BASJAEflS. BA2IAEnN. AP2AK0T. ETEPRETOT AIKAIOT Eni*ANOTS 4>IAEAAHN0S. Mu^ Iter .€apits tuptito Jtsus f. cornucopia^y d. He gave a palm branch to the king, mo : EANTl. H HS AR^ l. (Of course Letter T. 11. p. 63.)

2) Protome of the king's head in a model bar^ with a diademed whip and curly hair. X BA2I- AEHS. BASIAEftN. AP2AKDT. AND- EPrETDT. EnKDANDTS. a> IAEA. AHND2. A woman ftotts f comucopio pcd^ .he offers a branch to the king who is tired, "i" below: T MHNDS.rDPnJAIDT. AR. (Wow, Take command. page 6.) But Barthel<--

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530

THE KING OF PARTHIA

myus admits, in the hoa numo, who now cft in mufeo rcgio ^ pretenfas letters T. MHNOS little cflfe intact, ct for these yeriGmilius read AIKAI- Dr.y *) which seems to confirm the fimi- lis numifs Pellerini. ^J

3) Do the same. X The same Epigra phi PaUas ftans / kaftam crown ngi He offers faith, im imo: AIlD. MHNDr

rDPniAlDT. AR. I. (VaUU 1. c* p. 8.) But Bartholomew for AIlD lc- AFIS will be sent. and eflTc year and* rae Parthicac 28 1 » •) fed quae Barthc- Lemy Icctio no ')

4) Oppose the same. 10 BASIAENS BASIAEftN. AISAKDT. ETEirE.- AIKAIDT. Enifandts. flAEAAH- N D 2. Mutier ftans with his head covered. eor- tiucopyacy d. a branch of the pahn to the king offerty in the area of €112, at the bottom of TllEP. AR. I. (Muf. Caef.) Annum Frolicius it reads differently, as will be said below. In the the author of the Catalog of the mufei d* Enncry lc- git: AnETnEPBEPETOT «) Dirlden- give that unmistakable voice, and read: An2, ncmpc year airac "81" and T- nEPBEPETOT, that for THEPBE- PETAIOT, what you call the nomcn mcnfis.

5) adverb eadtm. X The same epigraph phe. PaHas ftam f haftam y d. palm trees he offers a branch to the tired king, in the area of the year ?n2 and nterae 2A, AR. I. (Muf. Caef.)

6) Oppose the same. X BA2IAEn2. BA21AEnN. II2AK0T. ITEIFETO AIKAIOT in Enitano t^AEAA- N0T2. Miiier ftans with head protected common stock, d. the crown of the fated king

stiffens, *at the bottom: MHNO - IVAT and amiDS Zn2. AR. I. (Pellerin Lettres p. 6$,)

7) Oppose the same. 10 Similar epigraphs phe. A woman ftans f comocopiae^ d. co* He offers the crown to the king, at the bottom: IIEPI- TIO and apparently the year HIT2. AR* L (Muf, Caef.)

8) Oppose the same. X BA2IAE - . BA2IAEnN. AI2AK0T. ETEITET AIKAIOT . ni*. AKDANOT2. ^V

AHAAHN02 - - - 02. ATAN

A woman ftans of the community, d. fnnas Jpi- he offers a cas to the fated king, in asnsa amm Aq2. AR. L (Pcllcrin Lcttres p. 68)

9) Oppose the same. X BASIAEnS- . 2AK0T. ETEIRETOT AIKAIOT E- they don't know - - EAAHNO - Parthms fe^ the tooth bows mverfum^ in the area of an* he said. at the bottom of Menfis - AI2I0T. (id (cf. AAI2I0T.) AR. L (BarthelcmjB. L. T. XXXILp. 678.)

10) Oppose the same. X BACE BACIAEnN. MEFAAOT AIKAKOT AIKAIOT En.Eni*AN0T2;. - - - AEA- AHN. A woman protected by ftans f. comatose a#, d. He offers the crown to the fated king ATATNAI AR. L (Pcllerin Rois et Lcttrcs p. 68.) In another: AAl. (nepe menfis ^cuciti) (CataL d^Eoncry.) In another: AIOT. In aKo : APTEfiiaie. (h bid.) Inalius: APTEML (Seftini Let- third T. IL p. 65.) In another : AI2T. fortc AT2T ncmpc Av^og mcoGs. (Se- ftini ibid.) In another; 20 Anion. (Ca- such d^Enncty.) Fortc legcndum 2A. AHOT or AniOf. do as 2A Use Gnt. rae inccrtac fignification ia these gods

*) B. L. T. 30 p. 677. h) Roii d) p. 31' -/

c) l. c. p. 677. 67S

d) Letters p. 6^

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THE KING OF PARTHIA

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obviae, and AHOT Lotts Menfis Mace- twelve*

Vaillan of Arliacus 1 and 2 had given To both of them jtitulonim and abundance and fafium noa com- They already saw that they were asking, and that they had more of both, inform others, whom you indicate-^ we went more marked in the former epo- He didn't say anything to those who could to teach error, ■ Contrary to this Piiraati IV* gives the dradfi^am, which, as tyL face us already knowing the fate ap- , it is certainly not his. OUin Pelle- Rhinius also gave that kind of numpf Mithridates III , *) more iXium jpfe him;- it is a dew-drop. ^)

This tetradrachm was carefully defcribed therefore, that we should not trust anything that to the inferred years and menfes, as well to the form of letters in these gods it belongs to piteriuxata, of which fin- let's do something different about these things gum trees Just a few things to the inrcr,iptions fid^ni,, and explained belong, they are to be warned in this place.

4. Frolicius would eat He mentions the following about the year of the infernal era: in the other area it was perfectly exprejfa efi epoch AA^. anuo 255.^) A strange lane, iftud when brought by a learned man, whom I lie before my eyes,' literally pri- mam not A, Fed offers the perfect C And I am afraid and Frolichius is alive It clearly appears that the year AAS not, as it was necessary, returned 231, fed 2^« Then the element A for C creeps out with theta's vice, which he then mis- Frolichius, when you don't decide your mind

he would notice, in the later years of writing He propagated it to all, and to other learned men the author of his propaganda was expelled. If when Sarthelemy was ignorant, and not in Greek number, £&d Arabic. menduni fuppicaretur , read eOe 231 puta« life ^) A fertile element how perfect A is so that it does not 11 h^beri pofsit ^ Therefore, when mouse here by facial features, titulqs, and all the rest he will certainly give Phraates IV iftud the Parthian era calculus, elemen- then. II. A, fed 11 should not be thought. Why is this whole ntmierus without du- bio reading CnS^

, In Numis V.^ with which I announce the same Frdlichius provided the proof of the error you are rich To him he gave the iconography twice, for the first time in the work: Kings vett god ^mata aneafota tab. I n. i. , deiude in Basic information Tab. XIV. no. 6. Vtro- biqne except a certain year of the era sIlS another one, to be read by him batur, EAP, that is: i6i, or SAP, that is: 137. However, there is a doubt about he does not disguise this lesson, for fic said the page 57 of the former work: But in nofiro praetsrea in medsa narrow letters funty as I think: SAP But P is doubtful, and A vet A. Iftud when he was fleeing raw Reinol- while the English of Forft, and the faith of he would have all the Frolichian two years in the Parthian era recognized, the older of which tur from the year 5. C. 349, the other SAP from in the year 498 mention the history of the Parthian kings,

a) Roig p. 149» b) Letue§ p* 6^ c) Reg, yet, niuni p. 37.

d) B. L. T.XXXILp.67^

X z X a

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THE KING OF PARTHIA

mosque illuRrantia, ^uae see Volumi- ne III, of the work : Archaeologia puilished by the /ocietf of jtntiquaries of London page /jp. But angry omms here try* you for besides that, as I said, dubianl eflfe reading ipre Frolicius he confesses; teftariipreponum, graeten- do not write the letters HAP or EAP fe, than £A in these Parthian gods meet

tn numis y. and 9" meet AIKAI- OTIIL and AIKAIOTEn. in numo 8 Enin they are, like a clear tefiimony, The Greeks were held captive by the barbarian the end of the country's refinement, and of striking to the luster of the coin I don't want to use a single word* it is done, that if he had already commanded Pelleri no. •) Added in. and Eph. superfluous are the beginnings of the fruitful EniOANOTS.

# *

Protome diadeniate head, so icnbaj than forced into locks, in other with which animaly that Pet- krinio capricumus vijkm, in others fupra of the head one afarin, two vets, and a tunula^ vet tuna only, in atHs advoians avi^^ which roftrojlringit the crown. X BA2IAE- nS. BASIAEHN. AP2AK0T. ETEP He asks AIKAIOT EOKDANOTS.

Protome fmHiS, X BASLAEnS. ME- FAAOT APSAKOT ETPFETO

EniIAEAAHN0S. Par- thistle AR. III. (Muf, Catf.)

That kind of drachma's weight and to be carried away elsewhere, wave Phraafti IV. gives them Pdle- rhinius, ^) not so much because of the same ti- the seals, which you have just mentioned, and are certain We have seen his king's tetradrachms, Qoam because of caprice We have said that the king's case is attached to the neck. Fa- ctum iftud ftatuit from the roof therefore which is tefte hiftdria Auguftum obrenravc. rat, ^whose finum genethliacum fidfle the capricorn gnashes the other onmes who are similar to these, etfi Capricorn is gone, they are the same as the king. They are, indeed, ingenious they obstruct this doctrine of his. Friday mum in ccrtis Phraatis IV. tetradradi my beard is well-worn, with no adjn. it depends on artiJik^io, but in drachrais, of whom we are now dealing, those in which the locks are divided. But not Cttls I find that the same king in the mime to others aKum prefeh^t of the head modin. Then the animal, which is capricomiuB thinks that by adding commutopia, another po- of the animal with bright wings from the middle of the body, fed which life of the Pellerinian community ftmt. I would say that the group gam, and would define a thin tail, fej than both the gryph and the capricious Infi- they are They are in the mufue of Caephareus twenty and more children, who they are in bad shape. But that maxi- it undermines me, it is already with the same mufeanumfns the most complete and ek- gentifsinms from their generc, whom Pcl-

a) LeUres p. d$ feq. b) SuppL III. p. 7.

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lerinius ArTacius VI. largilur, who aniinal the king's neck Augudi was a far-fetched age. Er* go it facilitating everything y than de- He will make a wide offering to Aguilus" I will not, therefore, be greatly affected He wants Arface to mimic the mimes to drift, the snows might inculcate religion tituU rtdem, ^nibus Phraates IV. uAim certainly xOnftat, fed to whom even the king of other he could use us. See also what is here performance in ArEace XVIII. I will note*

ARSACES 16 Pkraataci.

Scarcely did he leave the kingdom, on account of them take the murdered father out of the midst of the children beach V. C. 7S7'

ARSACES XVII Orodes IL

Uncertain, by which father he was born He is summoned to the Parthian kingdom for reasons fed by the same on account of their crudeness A few men were killed.

ARSACES XVIII. Vonones L

f^hraatis IV. son, Rojna, where com- He had been detained for many years teAugnfto, having been summoned, goes to the kingdom, fed I was not the king of the Parthians and Romans when the king was brought in, he was thrown out"

£i Vaillantius gives a drachma from of their race, which in their father Phraates rV^ I recited, the movement of the bird to capture the re- - flying, as the eagle says, from and now, as if a powerful R. of the empire, to* that the kingdom of faith was taken from the Romans "pTiTe teflatur, qttod ipftma hominrin- Confuo increased the envy of the people.

If this is true, then again something dies conjectures of Peiierinii, fimiies drachi^as Phraates iv. giving

ARSACES 19 Artabanus III.

Through his mother from the race of the Arcacids Vonon's hatred called to the kingdom j fed from Tiridates, whom Rome held prisoner before the Parthians had spared the petitioners, the fur, again from the inftabiU poputo refti- is protected Mesopotamia with an army ingraflus by L. ViteUio Sjriae praefide only meeting the Euphrates he receives terror, as Augufti and CaUgu^ He then obtained the approval of the ruler he would adopt the coUoquio, and betray the Uberos would give Various fortunes at the end of u^«- which was agitated when he reigned for years 28., died under the reign of Ciau^ god '

VaiUantius gives him a drachma in* fcriptam : BASIAEHS BASIAEnM. AP2AK0T* AM0IMAXOT. ETEPrE- TOT Enic&ANOTr. 4>IAEAAHN0S, There is no way to give him a certain reason here award title AM

At this point the chronology of the benevolent gods

The king's head is bearded with a round crown roof 10 BASIAENS BASIAEnN. AP2AKOT. He will shrivel up. AIKAIOT. EIU*AN0T2. (PIAEAAHNOS. Defeat^

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THE KING OF PARTHIA

ria, vet muUerftans with the king of the commune of the fating patmae ramnm^ vet Corneopiae offers Years and months: FNT. rOPni AI - ANT. rnEPBEPET. - ANT. AHEAAI — ENT. - ZNT. - HNT. — Z2T. - HST. - 0ET. - EOT AR. I.

These excellent news, and still ho- day to one unknown oames, Abbot Se, fOne of the Ainsliean illufiri de- fcripfit, the interval between the first TNT and the worst EOT of years 22 , of which the latter falls in the times the first of Claudius, here in the poor Nero ^is, led, as below Aatuemus, aerac ccordio from the year 5. C. 443. Sintne all these numbers are the heads of one of the same Arfacis, the author neither di- erte he uttered^ nor is it lawful for us from to throw out lies, whom I do not like He gave none. There is no doubt that it is the same he sees features in the clay, because om- 23 to one Arfaci Vologafi I. largt- you will be If he really saw it, great the beginning of the air he is tempted by evil. Because these gods 22 years they contain, a fault between Ar-> because you lie, of course, from Arphax 19 until 23 they will be divided all had the same mouth the same hair and scalp I will not be sure. And this is what I preached Pua Seftinus caufa was alive, why ae* The beginning of the rae was a decade away, pe to the year 5. C. 453, in which agreement all these names were given to the same that Volagafi I. y cujus diuturnutn fuiffe let the kingdom fall

It seems that this king is still in effect. us III. forms with the year ENT, which below, in bronze, the gods of the kings of Parthia I will give

ARSACES 20 GOTARZES.

Artabani UI son The brothers Bardani He gives up the kingdom, that is the heart of it going to go

Numbers:

Capuf regis bariahtm dietdematmm, t BACAIE.. AP... TOCKCKAAOTn- CNOC rOTCPZH.APTABANOT. P»-

thussedens arcummver/umpraetemHt, AR.

m.

I will give this coin to Barthelemy He would conquer Italy, discover and acquire then fcript to cl. Peaceful epiphyte Eduardus Corfinus was prophesied his iponcr^ Not much of GoU^- zis regno, et varioruia icriptonun la* The aforesaid pfibus is the work of God. The epigraph reads: BACIACTC. rOTHPZHC. BAPAANOT TK)C. KAI. KAAOTMENOT- APTA- Ban them. King Gotarzes Bardauis fiBue also called Artabani. *y No one He sees this way of epigraphs thoroughly to wash away from him, by which all things have hitherto been done I saw you inscribed by the god of Parthia» dew Then cun^ in all these "1* mis y who will write in four pacts both sides ofi*erunt, epigraph occtpial from Aquone» from here he bends in the east, a^

») P«g^ »«-

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THE KING OF PARTHIA

535

from here to the south, a learned man, to extort the intention of Tenrum but Taltus was compelled to march on the Parthians neta unrolled to call fubQdio. Finally The writings of today's gods are everywhere very fana» and clear letters, pofle- the mouse may then perhaps be unfolded to admit At the same time no, and the iconography of the gods, partly vanished they are repeated, and which exRant, in part barbarians and ruffians, Corfino's statements seem more fer- more educated guesses god Of course he was ex- he had nothing else to beat, except than the letters AP« De hoc therefore numo I am very fond of him: he did not want him I will deny, that in that tefle Corfinus the name rOTEPZH is read before the river, and Bartholomew, too, is woven in the sky a faith acquired in Italy proposed and ca- put, and the name of Gotarzis* •) But ad- I don't want to fantasize, I'll write the rest* not to be read, as Corfinus cenfet. Nor, indeed, has that lesson been proved It is given to Barthelemy that, when about this the god speaks, he says nothing else than that the name of Gotarzis is contained in it, the wonderful reading of the rest of the register not to be brought in by Corfinus. Be warned also, to exult in the mufeo Caefareus dragon nras oinino 9 , who collated with nu- not only the same head with Corliniano, and the rest of every kindred worship to offer, the Fed also completely rejected the same fara, with the same also through the clay area lis, such as are the moaogram AT cum ("throwing a ball, and a cross within the foot <)e8 of the fated Parthians, but in these luculen-

ta registration, etfi barbara quoqiie n A«> EIAEnC. n AClAEftN. From EANOA AND- EErETn. AIXAIOT EnitANOTC.tl AEAAHXOE., which, after ortho- of the writings of the sins, profis eadetn efi in the god of Arfacis XV. Phraates IV. They are moreover, in the same mufue, several others in the same way, fed charagmate until that barbarian, indeed for the voice is strangely displaced from the letters if you want to arrange Like gods then of the same Gotarzis, because he is very close they are a Corfinian god, I have no doubt* It is not enough, but in these Gotarzis no men for also in Arphacis XI. currency we give, the name of Sanatroecis in one god to be added, in others to be omitted.

ARSACES XXI. Bardanes

He was slain by his brother Go- tarze

£x is in the mind of Vaillantius this Arphacus drachma inscribed: BASIAEnS. BA2I- AEftN. AP2AK0T. OANAPISTOT AIK AIOT ETEPRETOT Eni* A- N0T2. *IAEAAHN02. Money back I quoted, not that he really fe of the king's effigy, a title not yet known from God OANAPIS TOT, cut off the best, etfi perhaps It was a fallacious lesson, even a little fupra in the involent title AMOIMAXOT I was flabbergasted. If the reading of Morelli is true, from which Vaillantius removed this nume, he will perhaps be Arfacis 25 I'll take you Conftat, Trajanus, at what time to this war has been declared, you have been added to the names the name Apisr», Optimi. Perhaps the Greeks

a) B, U T. 32 p. dsa

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THE KING OF PARTHIA

the eastern ones, such as Chosroen's court they should have given him a name before him na^ctpt^t to wear*

ARSACES 24 Vowmis II.

In a little time, and more inglorious to the kingdom prefect

A deity is attributed to him by VaiUantius : BA- ZIAEflS. MErAAOT. AP2AK0T.ET- EPRETOT MITPAHTOT Eni*A. NOTS, *IAEAAHN0S. A certain reason it is not brought £x titles to be found not yet discovered by MITPAH TOT VaiUantius from the word fi/rpao?, or fiUTpoWy mttra ehi^o^ derives, so much so The king may be seen thus addressed by the miter head ornament; true ixiTpxrjTTjg du- and from fnTfiotus not. commode graecinTat. The VaiUants seem to correct the voluiffe Fr(>lichi«rs, in that place where the kings mentions titles, has M16PAE* TOT, foU coaevi^ •) that at least ex but when I knew it, did I met ing^nio fuffeccrit, I do not know. Vail laniius infoUtos all these titles AM- OIMAXOT, HANAPISTOT, MITPA- HTOT from the Moravian collection tat, fed everything that roars, perishes in Gaza Caefareus predicted these drachmas.

JRSACES 23 VOLJGASE L

Vonon II son He killed Armenia pat, and allows it to his brother Tiridates. Nero Domitius Corbulo in the East He sends him, who is troubled by the king he would call back the service. Is Tiridate pul- fo Tigranes Archelaus of Cappadocia re-

He presided over the grandson of the king of Armenia But Volagafe with the Armenian army ingreflTo flying from Syria Corbulus co- git Tiridates, who invaded the kingdom again he wears a diadem in front of Nero's image to put, and the departure of Rome not to receive it by the hand of the emperor. PoQ this friendship always with Ro- Hyanis worshiped Volagaphes. seriously irritated tus, that I will address the Alans if they ask for it a^xiUa negaflet Vefpavianus, STriain indeed, he prepared to tus is oQentato of weapons ae præfide Trajano Trajani Aug« pa^ trc, as we shall prove in the gods of Trajaoi ad aanura V. C. 367. See dead there under Domitian.

Name:

The head of the barhais is the Pmikica tiara tickle 10 BASIAEHS BASIAEON BOAAFASOT AIKAIOT.. ETEPFE- TOT EnW>AN0T2. *1AEAAHN02. Muker hmrita ftans n^Jidmti corMm parHgitf in area amms: HT. AR. L (VaiU.)

I am here to be such a man as gatur the beginning of the Parthian era from the year 5. C 498 repeating; ffid completely overturned that day the other, which we also make, rent from the principality to the year 5. C 443. If it is better for me, these things will go away, year HT cadtt in year 5. C. 749 In which year did not Volagafes, fed Phrames IV. The Parthians presided. Jbapid this in order to avoid the patronage of the other Protestants nor, or think they, fly from one place to another.

«) Not.eleiD. p. 124

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King of Parthia

537

rem eirca year 749 averrus Phraa- tem in ParUiia inAirrexifle ^ or that I would have liked the epigraph of God call the doubt Soe VaiUantiu^ him he did not see ipTe, Ted from ^pUection Mo- Lelliana recites. Numofl, however, from Bac those cited are not very faithful, you fools" from the numif immediately preceding }icet (^Olligere, Yide» what you say to the bull Barth^l^my-

Frplichius Volagafis I in the year A AT cx Vaillantius cites, ^) fed which it was not permitted to find in his work really Aeneum, which is 40T per annum of this king> see viSv» in the bronzes of the kings Parthia*

jiRSACES 24 A wealthy man

The son of Volagafis I. Reigned him fitb Domitianus, and Tijanus, Vaillantius ex Martial, as well as Pliny the younger. Ce- then his gefia obfcura

A drachma is given to him by Vaillant in a certain way; another bronze item pter infcriptum year ENT^ fed who the fertile noftrum of the Parthian era culum edpotius ArCacis XIX., as I said mouse"

ARSACES XXF. Ckosroi^.

And this son of VoIagaos L, Exedarem who to his father Tiridates in the kingdom of A^nlenia he blushed, inconfiilts. Romans Tolio .dejects in^ncto Parthamafiti £ratris-Pa-. to the heart of the son

perished in the five years of 5. C. 8<$7 in the said war Parthamafirin went to the East He forces Armenia to retire, then captured P^jFthia Pi^rtiiamajspatem for Chosroes He creates a king, which is all in money '[('rajanicopiofiusenarrabuntur. True I ported a little to Trajan, when Ha- Hadrian's provinces all across the Euphrates he will cast away his faith, into the kingdom of UerumreverfusChQsroesami- He soon afterwards worshiped with the Romans. When he died, uncertain* E^ to them* which of the Parthian era He died before the year 500

. flumul.nm ac^xie^m ^ifsr infcriptum aa- does Vaillantius attribute the AOT to Chosroi fed which is by our calculation Vola- gafis 1

ARSACES XXVII. Volagases II.

son of Chiosrois. Antonio Pio to im- He throws a golden crown at the end so that it may be said in the bull's eye for the fifth year; C. 893. His war is uncertain. rule yit faltem from the year 5. C. 875 to 902, as will immediately appear.

■ , ■ I Numi .%

Protmicapite.bariato^ Htiaratecto^pO' ne A.X BAEIA - - BAEIAE - - - OAA- FAE - - AIKAIOT- EnifANOT - - lAEAAHN - - A woman towered over the king He holds out his crown in the area of the year TATyinimomiHfisJlEflT - - AR. I. (Pellerin Suppl. IIL p. 10.)

a) B- X- X 34 p. tjs^ (Rot. III.)

b) King TeL imffii p, 74*

Y7y

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THE KING OF PARTHIA

Another one is HMT. AR. I/(Cite- there by Bartholomew from Longuerue.)

jtlius when I love ANT AR. I. (Vail- lant, red from which Volagali IIL tribui- tur.) • •

Eaiim adverfa^ put eaput T. X BA* 2L\ - - - AAFACO - AIKAIO - - ni- tANOTC - AAHN - - Same type, in the year of TNT, in the bottom of msnfis AIIE- AAia AR. L (PeUerin 1. c.)

AHus yfid I love him ANT, he goes without menfi AR. L (Teupolis p. 1222.)

^The same aiverfa^ poue caput A. X BA- ElAEflE. BAEIAEaN. APCAKOT BO- AArAEOT, AIKAIOT. Enioanote. Same ttfpuSi m area year HT. AR. L (Peterlin 1. c.)

The first Volagafis 11. offers a numus the year TAT, 433, which was not fruitful The second calculation was carried out by V. C. 875* Vaillantius was admonished for this and others the scribes of the Arfacids who reigned this year still Chosroen Exifiimant But the cup of modern Ten- I will explain the tension below in the air of Hujui examine If this is certain, in all these things the god's head is exactly the same as the one before so that it becomes so neceflTe, the eflfe all of one of the king Therefore it is the same for the teacher bus these gods, Volagafem 11. regnaflTe From the year 5. C. 875 until 902, which is made from the year HT of the god thirsty At moK anao 905 regnaffe Volagafem IIL, from the Cequentis bit

ARSACESXXFIL VOLAGASESIII. Perhaps Volagafis II. the son of Quieyit-,

as to what Antoninus Pius shot; this V. C. 914 nM>rtuo, when the caufa of Armenia Ori- would disturb the entity" by L. Vero Aug. arms petitusy and affected by many calamities that Augustus of Armenia^ ^ Medid^ Pat. He gave birth to the titles of Maxind. He reigned from V. C* 902 until 933 cent of gods Some of these vowels mentions Dio Aib Caracalla, *) Ted qao In the year he died, he does not add.

Vaillantius Arceicem XKVH. he says Let me tell you who I am from God then^ and him Volagafis IL fucceforeni But the god Volagafi ordered IL to leave I would fly to be taught immediately. This is denied by all that a Monnefe, who had entered Parthia the old books of the old ctority brought De MonneGs numo I do below in the coinage of the kings of Bactria our

Name:

Protome the king's beard pramiffa^ cofUe tiara on the roof, place B. X BAEIAB - • • ARAEOT. Don't forget. -lAEAAHNOH ParttmsfianSf (in atUs numormn fiqueu^ tium: Mutier towered ftans) fedend to the king offers a bull in the area year AHT. AIL I. (Peilerin SoppL IIL p. 19.)

Atius Jtmitis ^ fed with the year AHT, fi- fra menjis AUEAA ' . Aft. L (tbid.)

Atheist finMs ^ fed with the sheep IS, d Jlnemenfe. AR» L (Ibid.)

Akue added menfe AHEAAIOT. AIL L (CataL d* Ennery)

AlU^finUteSi fedcumemniss^SX. dST.

•) L. 77vn. It is i^.

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RKPIIS OF PARTHIA

SS9

AQT AR. I. (Barthelemy B. L. T. 32 p. 6«o,) ; .

Another^ fimiUs y fed fii$e, anno, m imo Memphis AIOT AR. I. (Muf. j Caef.)

VolagaGs IL numiun poftr^muro cuin in the year we had HT; first for you Vol^galus III. with the year just coming up AHT. However, do not let them both light mum of one' and even Volagafis, di- face, mouth features, head cul- ttiSy etbarbae mode. bant, in which difcrimin is already excellent Pellerinius and Bartfaelemy us ^) N^imum with an ana AqT to this also Volagafi tnbuit BartbelemTUS, with what the same qfFert c^put. that . preceding, as well as refiduja letters AA certain Volagafcm do « ^) E- whence Vaillantius took this money Artaxerxes Perfae, and he had to do because the Parthian era began much earlier um exorfus efl^,

A bronze of this king with the year EOT see below the bronze gods of the Par- tluae

ARSATCES INCERTl

we love the fertile age.

BAEIAEQC . - ItAN - • .ft- wax mnno A

The name of the king's letters is complex. they flee Bartholomew's head eOe He had immediately told him that it is. iv^ numf> fruitful"

Protom^ r£gis bearded head diadem

to X BAEIAKtOE. BAEIAECDN. AP. EAnKOT. MEPAAT - - • Muiier ftans offers a crown to the fated king, in the are^ jannusH. (page r223.).

This book was published by Vaillantius.*) now the region of the women is boiling over, and him Barthelemju retitituit in the table cited Xaepius added to the diflTertation. But ma- there is a difference between iconism on both sides the devil For from the pretenfis of Vail lantion of other titles is not read in the Bar thelemji icon, nifi - AEIAE - ♦ etex in the name of the king, the bull 4nK0 nothing certain about the name APSAIIKOT, feu Arfapce enii pb Tocabulo numus of Theupoli SAKot;, Vaillantius from the calculus I was-Iege He gives money to Saporus. Indeed, fed from with nother computus, fruitful who- nus HO led from the year 5 C 443 ca- he says in the year 950, it will be Arfacis whose pious, who died Volagafi UI, or he was here then alive and still alive, inpar- He commanded you to reign. See also, what we will boil the money

ARSACES PACOR FS.

Protome of the king's cnpiteimberbi diadematd put A. X BAEIAEft. - - BEE - - nAKO - - - IKAIO - - - EnitAN - - EAAH. •. t The towering woman becoming king fe^ drnti cortmam offeri^ i» aria we love

I have been here since the year 01 two years ago

a) 11«

Y y y 3-

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54 o

ilEG£S of Parthia.

then it differs from preeedeiite with amio Rt^, fed certainly upius of the king and both of us ed , which argues the head in the former BIm^* liter bearded, in this beardless, then"- from in the prefect the name Paeori. It was Tintne Ihe Arfaei and kic Pacorius fllit Volagafis III , who may be the father of Mcc^e* re, or others of the Arphacids ffirpe, ye- terum rilentium deflnire not ffn» You- fte Dion *> yolagafts III. son dead to the eternal father of th belBfl kingdom canfa at* trivet Faconna ia hiftoria Rarthica We have seen the son of Arphacis XIV. I prayed." The year 4>1 is a fruitful and fruitful family It falls in the year 5. € 9518 the best of the commanding Sereti.

AR^ACES . . : -

The bearded king's head was covered with a tiara. fowi B. X - - - • Woman ftans to the king fe^ He offers a crown of teeth, in the area of ankui KO. AR. I. (MuP. Gaef.)

The bow was stretched out through the foil of the air the year of the invasion, for the king was named ex- it is something

AKSACES rOLAGASES frrte IV,

Caputregisy ponel^ X- - - ArA... Being victorious, the king offers a crown to the eater in the area AK

68i.)

From the letters of the AFA )ure aipiit Barthelemyns, this coin to Vola- let me know who it belongs to; But who it? He is afraid of the same, fly

gafit ilUus/qui reignit iraperame Com. raode He was Volagaphes III. But i^. pvgnat annil^s AK4» , qui gnanatam nu. mum^docet V. C. 96*, at Dio-jam ad ummm remembers the previous one, Vola- gafis of the dead I will commit war. ^) From what pa- tet ^rfum. I read it at Dion, «) Caracalla Volagafi Partho* beUom m. tulilfe, which is Tlridate, ct Aotio- whom he reposed, will do, the Parthian was terrified with fear -wcos reddiffe God relates the fact to 5; C. 968, two years later, than a numus eff. These things have we had Volagafe IV. perhaps I held son But these things. indfcaffe of fate ; for he is weary of these uncertain

ARSACES Vailtantto XPTJT Am- ban IV^

From Caracas the war was sought, in which the fo Macrinus, when he was afraid of so much m

Humultfs bronze pairs to this Art^- did he not give Vaillantins lum fecutus, fed those who are atertir regls, so that it may be said a little bit

150 Sefiinus^ from the Ainsliean mufeo* dit tetradraduna cumaams' AK^: FK*.

") L. 78 $ 11. b) L. 77 $ iju t) L. 75fl. $19, ii.

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HEGfiS i^AR!1?mAJt

544

Arr^ci poS^etttd Arlabano tV. fHbuit *) MoiKifna ti^d ntm ikijetit, fite <}ai64 oblrtii» eft, fire

-ARSACES Htcertus HfiiuJusi^

Protom regijf e^tt fkddi/le H^hOto iiademato X BASlAEnS. MErAAOT* AP2AK0T - hNiOS, EnifANOTS. tlAOnATOPOS ETPFETO Par^ burning incense^' in ^Uk fHonogretmma. AR. III. (Muf. Caef.)

PkiUfat^i^M ^ptA Uk A9(dd€ IX. ex- hiboSituis^ fdd Vuttflir Jtoeament^, et oultuer of the head in the knotty pi^aefS^e direr. fa AM V q^BK>d> itl!nmV|ue his is moA^, complain in the ttums, whom Arfatius XV. three we drank, we boiled.'

Numi^ amet of the kings of PeHrfhHe if^MpH' Qretke^ €t him cMnk epoche:

Cafmt regk barbatmH (ttlMikmatum^^ jmsgtck ceimiisEWT.in Mts: AOT« X Cc^ put iMMebre-vetaikm tuiMtiM', jUdttct in iMq9»ibkf'lUera A. AE. III. (Vatll. At^ • do imp. p. 362. 5«i. M^.^Cdfef.)

He took hold of the king's Varbans, H'iiara te^ ctum *^'lt!hM^tufri1^'fiik9i^^ in areU animsTKT. AE. Ht (Spanheim* T,

'Lp* 44^):''' ' r ' • ' ^* '■ ■ "'

CHpM royal proH^ bh^bdhtm'^ ef tia-

ra roof ^JkxtailbV. 3t Muffie's head.

bre vetatufH tmrtiaiH, jtexta A« AE. IH (Muf. Caef.)

Gods like the head worship Pellerinius published the terfos, and those of the kings Perfarum, fed to the Parthians tervieiitium iho- ilefaat ftetuit.y qui^l capki iihf^iael glo* bus, the folly of their worship, and CFines Perfico more flmt compofiti'. Why did I find Frollchia irf gnui? ituiho9, when Parthicf niHil had ^ yet giving to the Parthians/ ^) ' Idoiieae tf MMf h^e c^^uffae rira^ fuiit , and ine also to push it, as if it were not necessary " in which place you will find them listed below But etfiiti yir eruditits n^Iexit to act d^ toUmis, before whom I pro^ofui, and who ^k capitls worship a certain ruler of Parthia propOhUnt. Etgo: 'ficnt cx PeUerinii (the slowness of the numl, which proiUulgavity ^k-cufsi are from Gradi in Perfldtf degen^^ these, fic numi hocloco.ame ptbpofi^ you might be struck by the Greeks in Parthia cdittmoraiitibus Qtiare led age PartRicile e«6Mto ab anoo V. C. 443 ; MriMUS, itt qno legittrt' anfnus Parthicus* ENT, will be Arfaci^ XIX. Artabani III.j in which ailnus AOT, Arfacis XXIir. Vo^ Lagafis L, in which year FKT, Arfacis 25* Chosrois, iri^ qUo arinus EOT, cA Watte XXVII. Fly Jafis IH. But it is true -captit tiumt ^oflredii fimillimutii efi ca^ piti, that in certain Volagafis III. you- It is made up of tradraiJhmis. Look at Etienne iTumiilos fictiiles by Panelius ex mufeo le Bret published,- **) then and all these coh added new Ainsliean beds at Seflilmhi.^)^ c . \ = '\

«) Letter T. IL p. 71.

b) SnppU III. p. 23.; '^ Mem» Trov. October y,;^/.

ii) L

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^REiGEiSr: PARTHIAK

I took the ring of Partkia

fnfcrifti lUsri^ pingrinis.

His head was barfed with a diademed tiara secure, pom B. X Epigraphe per^rtnOp Cippus, the greater the circle is taken. , AE. II. III. (Muf. Cacf. PcUerin Suppl, IIL p. 32«). SwintODus.in barbaro.hoc Xy^ he sees the key. (Phil. Trnns» VoL 3^LPC* p. 593

The head of the head and its cuUuSy pretejTf the letter B was added to it, in Par. as we have seen, they are often met with The Parthians make certain gods like them. Epigraphcn averja, literisi as ycrid- a thousand, the Parthians copflattam » Pellerinii He gladly made examples for them Candam reUnquo, those ancients of the East The nails are said to be more finely cut. Swinton's Palmyrene Wombs in these nu- mis e^iberi f M^fit , ,

.,.'*■ *.. . .

. Pellerinius, in the same place, ex mufeo Peipbrock Partc III. tab. 77. n. if reflected, in which the head of Ci9rtui9 from here of the Parthian king, the Parthian tiara ctum, iUinc ara luculenta, epigraphe on both sides the Perfica in or|>en;i * fcripta that is to say, the Uterus the gods of the Persians of the Safanids are written of which he was acting in the money of these. PeUerinius throws himself in opposition, Numum Ggnatum at Perfas, fedPar- this is still rejected, and accordingly re^ the Parthians the head of the poor man.

CONSIDERATIONS iu uwwtrfam gum P. arthias mauitam^ When the king of Parthia was in most

that they differ from those of the kings worth the effort, i^oanuUas in them ^madverfipqes ii»^ pjVrag¥:^ho^ tribefc tas propose , ^t^nto.^ cartiore m^ de iisjudicio, which a: biuidat these dmdUis Mufeum Caefareus, from whom the French fcus 1. Aug. Arfacidarum, and rucceilcK about 200 rums of Perfarum. a mo nacho of the Carmelite order from the Orient» you redttce buy gauze inl;uUt..

* "■" ' • i:- ' .- i' L- .

HJe^aBum it faimca.

Regum^arthi^et^Qumi almost oauies ar^ g/ent^« . . Aurus, Wadum obfervatiis.. Aefie^ perpai^ci, whom I continually receo- fui«, ArgenU puritas- in dtachmis lauta fa|is,. The same good in tetradrachms of, with which base metals are mixed, and with him Uberaeus, in which the affairs of Parthia to become nearer to destruction, that vitiuBL Most of the kings of Parthia it was not

Fabric^ in. pjrimorun^ more than kings convenient, then the fic degenerated" to understand clearly, draw him Ct^m in yeter barbarie p^rolapfonL Kimirum ejt, Ormeci a |r(ificers ^ . who was captured 9^ My^^^o^ibus . ^ejrfia. ^ art^cs in vexere » and ipfi intcr b^rtajras nations pofiti dege* they did not know and called her a barbarian probat.non mpdo pictures nrditasY ftd and make an epigraph of all the feiris, about which I have already made a fool of myself, but agaai Jtenim in:^ra Jn artieulo next. £0 too They suffer from the vice of the Parthian god, you are in charge which are of the greatest form, that M- 3 was generally the greater volume, how the circle was fixed by the god

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KINGDOMS OF TPARTHIA

54S

tus, which happened, so that liu|tts finibqs would not pretend to be ignorant of us, and perhaps

all the letters to the receivers are not from the whole

Iron is often made only two or three times. i they did not get the chance except for the rest.

5. n.

EpigrMfhe.

Remove these in part from Par* iftud drink of the thiccs is peculiar, that usually four perfect lines the wire is coated with wax. Literally rae at the beginning of the proper destiny, of time the wonderful metamorphofes of the pafale progressed they are Obvious - in these it is to be seen f for , and D for 0, which, however, is not outside Parthia was unknown. I do not write it down I for A , E , P , 4> , and thus one and the same note of five letters Tenlia is strong. See also D for B, N for K, A for T^ X for K or N, to say nothing of hearings other than those of the mints the extreme barbarity of the proIapGs. There are many ambiguous terms in these terms of reading, and which may be more careless let him flourish, who is insolent in the titles of kings I will find them, finally, in poor places the epigraph is shamefully barbarous, and give the letter in any form collected ' '

Then by Yolagafe II. so silver you, rather than bronze, put the king's fcripta letter foliaria atphabeti Re- completed up to now A, B, F, and in one but of all frequent Crime B. Pntabat Vaillaiitius, efle Uteras ip^awffaj of the city, in which the gods were 'wooden'. He prefers them

$• ni.

Nomind ngw» et HtuS^

He was the founder of the Parthian kingdom jfr/aceSf of which it was so great among the lustful ven^ratio , as that nomen- fuceelfores re- they all steal away. They agree with each other as well as the gods, and the authors whom in* three Ittftinus; •) Sk Arfaces quae fxfmA with the rest of the kingdom no » fHtnus memoruMis PartUsy than Perfis Cyrus ^ Kfacedoni^ ius jflexandery Romanis Romutus matu^ He died with such a passion. Whose memory is now They gave the honor of PartM, so that all ex^ hence the kings of the Arsacs now pent ... For it has been said that it is a fig tree all the kings of the Romans were made by this name Caefares and Auguftos. And I was founded by the Parthians in this kingdom tore poft death rite then reports Ammianus, ^) and that ma> gis mirum, ipQ even the fuc of the Parthians*- ceflbres'^ Perfae ex Airpe Safanidarum paMm Arfaddae «b inferior aevi fcri- ^toribus dictiflmt, quae-teftimonia coU reads FrSIichitts, *) and Spanhemius. *)

Arfacius had no fucceflbres other threats privately, which writers pro- They left their fingers. This is true in the forest Tara, and found so far only Sa- natroeces y qui Arfaces XI, Gotarzes^ rqui Arfaces XX, Volagafes /., who Ar- 20 brands and the other two made him

a) Ih '44 c. 5« b) in lullano. «) Dob» d« MinnifiKri p. 76. d) X. L p« 459«

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i44

THE REOES OF FAHTIAE

Tcl tre^ ejuMcm npmm^ • «t around I reigned PAnbki fipfm 4WMUin ArfMf» /'M»rw« Reject all the Arfacians and teach me that in Dumis ufi magDO alrtis Doftrae iocom- but you were in the face of the Duke of Parliici fioguli was given to the kings of Poland, that Dunc iD let us safely proceed to a few, fi dod abef- fcDt app^Uatio9^f privaM^f 3ed eoim the same evil also to the kings of Egypt, who Pl^iffff^^ OfliM»» f 4 Pergamum » who Pbll«ft«f#, ffioleftm» fft.

BA^IAKQX. BASE AE:AN ^um el ME^ TAAOT Aipcrbi title often rfcur£aat. And "M ^dfect4bMt ParUil^f kings dq" m^o t#4ilmf mi«4»» f«* and ficripcori* \m f i«4iiiHm raU » A #l> eKte ris n^ tioqi)»^ fibi mg4rf nUir , ^ni^s f#{Udij ptttffib fKfwpt^ vi4frr pot^ apu4 Sp^n- |i#fliiiiiii, «VM d# this r^ ritfim titulQ fol4t9 f miitjopift ^fMfAt^ difftritr *) At

»Wt QWP*^ ^»A#t, P^rthi^e rfg^f

Mg#ii Pair(ar4m » ^ fClyosL^eorum t^ftp v»l yp<^ gfiraii^M.

AIKAIOT, /i(^ etogiuAi i» foUs ro^ fUQi Parthj^e, H^Uoclis ^pcerti , f t Sa- H[us Armenii pvnus vf periinus^ Vidm- tl4f id Plutarcbo fyi^ igQfO^U, cuniftJv- j^ , ^) DuUum ^t^W^ rfg«|Q ^Dkl^Filli^ Ji^^en t^my ftfi vQ(5j4ri vplufirin^na-

X/opKfT^f, 1^6f^my l^mtop^i A£rOi>^

lAp;AAHNOi;, jfmanHi GPMieprum^ Hpi^ every iKimep uui» Pajftbi^f regi- ^\i^ U^ mpfittf. proper, Q pufi|os

which he chose to condDgereiit to the fibi tegea ^ t#les etiaiii to capture the stem be- n«V9l! AEAAHN02 see suitable other apiid Spanbemium. ^)

ATTOKP AT0P02 , EniOANOTS, ETEFIRETOT^ ETOATOPOS , eEO- JIATOPOS, 0EOT,. Nikatopoe 4) iA0nAT0PO;&. already from the gods S/rifie cognita, et haud dnbie iionuD inMtation arc^Ikitaf

EBNiOT, AMcl^JMAXOT,. HANA PIST^T, MITPAETOT, no names fr^, ii; ujf^s PanJii^e re^m numis a V^MUluilia repma, about which there is doubt fidf «gi in Arfocidis VU. 19 XXL

. ^aTHPpS in nunip. Moonefis at Yaillaii^iHmt/) M^,gwe||i iw nonPar- t)ii#je » Mr ^^tr^Wf ' T^.fi^ let us do.

IT

S. IV-

P^ l|4vfiffa p^ppf.^ ' vrf protomen the king's varied worship Gfiit. The first Arphacidae they are covered with diademed helmets, a part of which The flow covers the right, so that it does not ^ to all the Tegus of Arnenia* But I have eaten a little y^\%Ht diademf fimpkx » as in nnmis (Tegnai exterorum^ fed in ,aUquibu& e& wider Freq^ei|& eti^i^i^fiamen tiara lUbli^isin bow fi»uat|a ^ qualiAbga-

a) Toi^ I. 9* 4^ b) ia Ao^e p. ssiu e) Tom» I, p, 46^ d) p«^ 539^

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THE KING OF PARTHIA

54 J

fi £deffiRxi u(i , adding rwnisi oramen* you Of this strange worship of the head, and The royal family of the east ride, which more dtiTertiece Sphemius, '^) et PeUeriikitts. ^) ObfermodB" still:" uDum the same I reigned }9m ftmpKce diadem, |am tiaraomatBm pToponh Ejas example in Arface VL ftitimos. Uncertainty of this Tariation eaufa. with threw PeUeriaius, the diadem fimplex cefoi& he put the tiara in the ordinary bowl fokmies fettop ceremony rerun* already ")

Often the king's head is thrown back Ammia will give a bowl of tuna ms y who, with AtisLCem h -pro^v vir* safe from the fue he will continue, ad^ dit : mndi ad 4d tempu^ ngis tjusdemgmh- tb proiiumidi appiBari fi pMHufrtur felh firtUns it Lumdi ^) InteiUgit time Gratian, who commanded the Perfae they had succeeded in the kingdom of the Parthians. Ta- -■ietfi Perrarum ia foiem and juna ad- the fetus was by no means drawn from the Arraeids ftatui pbrsit, which is certain, |am among the most powerful Perfas fWiflnereceptnm. Thus Herodotus racrificate Perfas folius et hinae reports, *) So far before Artk- eat, and complains to Ariftophanes ITrjrgaeus, the Greeks and the moon Perfis betrayed to go, which la to both to be trusted, others to the Greeks "to those who do not know ^ Ergo Partfai from the Perfis to draw the sum of the faiths, which then It seems that the fuuni also brought down Arrace.

Ib aVeria drachmamm unieus ^rptts>t

Parihu imfidms Jitki pUrumqui four He pnOiudit the fukr^rum arc imfirjim. se this tooth of Parthum nous di»bito e(te the king is babitu cnltuque ^miUtar} propofitum, and pre£errtiteM> bow ^ with which weapons The ancients were more flamboyant than others. rush to the Parthians. As you think, it moves the authority of Dios, with whom Phra you IV M. Anthony admitted the legates ini rs %pi;<78 d«0p¥ K0c3jjiMiiK>if « XXI Tf)y nvfaif r» To%>i (/^aJi(uy , auna fiUa faithful , and mr^ vum arc contnctaus. ^) Setlam hknc fiiiUe part of the royal worship, argument it is that it was captured by Trajan by throwing "am grap^ifsme f erebant Patthi , than" qwe iis impeftfe fiagitaatibus Haf^ianuA He indeed promised to redcytumm k, however t[ui aliaomniareddidit) conftanter red- dere diftuBt and hu)us eacemplo Antoni- Jius, too, having prayed much, ^) me- the manners, as I think, of the ancient Partbori pertiaacia, captured in the battle of Crafsis by the eagles dhi to retitiute the backstabbing, and to Par- I refused this pledge at the attempted price By this means they will have to pay attention.

In tetradrachms the same king trusting in peace, preferring peace to worship the bow being removed, and the gown falling to the feet Tenable. Most of the which towered over his head. and finiftra cornucco"* pious geftans, that is, the genius of the city, co- He offers a rosary, a rare office iftud pre^ ftat Pallas » This type is all from the genius of the Greeks, as I am in the removal of the bronze coins, which

■ a)'T. 1^ p. 4^5. b) Letters p. 90. c) Roif p. 135.

e. 131. I) ia Pace n, 405 * ^ I^ 49 (• »7*

AiUoaino,

C^a/. ///.>

13 d) L. 20m. e) t. I.

k) SpastUa ia Hadc Capitolixi. already

Z z.z.

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546

King of Parthia.

On the ground again, the head of the mu- the towering hare, with which the Greeks twice the genius was fixed. But we will prove it also in article VII, this tetradracium indeed, the Greeks in the Parthians 100,000,000 square meters.

$• V. .

I

. Quo anno ArCace» exouOb Seleudda* under the yoke of the foundation of the Parthian kingdom cerit, not the discovery of fate. fight 4nnum certo charactere 4efimFit» wm he said to her. the failure of the coMi^ifle ^rimo Punic belio Li* Manlio VuUii^e, M. iVttiUo Rule cof. ^) Proceflbre.hi ooi^ fules V. C. 498, A. X. 25 (S., Vagum iflud luftini indicium yifum efi Freretio^ that both of them here magnified nium, nepipe V. C. 504, -^, X. 250 he repeated the roll. **) But npn adve^- .tit man praeHans, not the other hpc aano Marcus, fed C. Attilius confulatu fun- ctum Others, not particularly tameh from LuQino the divergence of the Parthian kingdom the learned have gathered from the ancients what will you see at Phrygia» 0 ^^ ^^^' network ^)

VaiUantius luftini calculus reoHtMs not only the beginning of the Parthian kingdom, Ted also of the Parthian era recorded from the year V. C. 498, A. .X. 256 jdcducit. VaiUantio acceflCere Frolicius, and others. In the same way

others also from the time of the rise of the Parthian kingdom to bring down the ram, fed because, just like that I hinted, to others, another aspect of the Parthian matter the beginning, necefe eK, from others aUud also the beginning of the era

Of these, the judgment is more severe. the men began to fight in a few iila- ftres, Freretius, ^ «Barthelemjus, 0 and Pellerinius. S) Prince of them and Jupiter* the last argument that you have given AqT, H4>, 01, K in names, who through the register noipen, and of the capital they are certainly the worshipers of the Parthian king, ananoe V. C* 493 they would be deceived in years, who lint pofteriores anno V. C. 979 , F. X« ^26, in which the kingdom of the Parthians was Joverfum entwined Vt nodus liic noa igno- Vaiilantius was, however, only a was the beginning of an epoch it would be permitted to be moved in place of the feet, as it was He would also doubt the god named Arfacis ipfcrip^s to attribute to the Parthians fucceflb- jrijl^us Perfts, and indeed a coin with ai- no AqT Artaxerxes, another with Hiere. And you eat etiaD(i of the cause begun by the Parthian epoch cham retep|t;4m a Per(is« ^) But neqae Vaiilantio in fpeciofa bac caufa fuUi- Diunu Reperti are the fiercer of the gods, qnos I have quoted the fupra, one of which is infcriptnBi it has the name ArCaci^Pacori^t and ani|um <1>1, another name VoIagaG, and annuals

a) L. 41 c. 4. e) I. c, f) B. L. T. XXXU. p. 671

Arlkc. p. 3^2.

b) B.»L. Mem. T. 19 p. 103 g) Honey ~

c) Annal. Syr. p. q6. d) 50 c.

^ p. i4S > Suppl. IIL p, 11. h) Laip.

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THE KING OF PARTHIA

^47

dk4>« What we would give her, c6niA* nuata from Perfis perrevereKtianiiArbKcU nomett, an potcrit prob^ire VaiiUBtiusj adMta ettam by the same prhrata Partho- rumV Pacpri, and VolagaGa? Menotata* the difficulty of this VaiUaiitio especially ini- it is permissible to withhold other arguments, opii^ bus Frolicbius prefentem VaiUaatii eau^ ftim fulcireiadai%s.eft ?) I would not to reflttare amplius^atmetiremetiam Gor^ the end of the Era eMtdiuaii much 'adhuo^lot^ gius difiCereotis ^ ^iMicet in anikum V^

e; 525, A.x. SM29. **)

I was therefore moved to laugh at these reasons eoperunt refpieere cocordnim asrae^ 100 years ago Parthbramifius mis inftriptos Bon «Itra/ afmo^ itiiperii Parthioi erag^i-pmtevettir; Ne«|ue conv filiom aliud viTum op^ortmiius, which fi aerajoParthicae.initittm idem adfigMv reut, which was in the time of the Greeks from afiroaomi» 'Chaidaeis. Babjloais to him &e^ leuciae indoete, etdoeptae menfeOcto- bri V. C. 443 A. X. 311. Not therefore he differed much from the old one Harduinus, who bound the Parthians for years the age of the Seleucids, which was the age of the Greeks their only year of predation led by autumn V. C. 44t,. A* X. 3 1 t;.S) JSanc telltentia fi fequere, iiumi bafasiargn- nMDta ii^tra tearmioos fuos: vectiGalnsrcon- lieutenant Obfllir indeed to this doctrine nae Tidentur mimi dno a VaiUanlso oi- tatii^ whose name was Volagas ttotatns eiSertianmun liT. < Amids.hic iotfeptcn^ jiofiva..eoncurreteret what's up no V*. C.c 750 1/ A:X.w3v atrtnmxestoin

Phraates IV reigned in Parthia. The knot is here to be expedited I said fupm in Arfaoe XXIH ^ Voiagafe I> Alteor nuinus^) whom VaiUamius ciifats, ') and when the night comes, Arfa will fly cem, ct wide AqT This is from Tiofira rentemia led from the year 443 oam in the year 5. C, 933 P/X. i^o, but of course then Volag^fem '^arthis.ip^aefuiffe cotu Bua. -ydrum ^ahhelemyuaiirfpeeto ite- mm Duino) ^eUjus etiam ^ dt ampiier^m fldem f&oeeet, fiacerum 4coofismum re« fKtuit, certain in eoireperit-li^eras^AAt qu^ oum nomen 4^idem 'Volagafi', at nwo AiCft^iS' poftim c)oiifiitui6re , oertulii tfoWsjVdiagAftm efikiuiK^ acf^aeterea fenibentia «|i .m»fimm ^marit • t

Iftiid imtfSie iPartfaicae iexdvdlnm' ab eruditis iUviris ad ^nmnh V. C.443 re- ^catwin ttt.pcaeftabilier eft^ to those / which from Vailimius; and other friends They are attached to the rioris, the qifoma from the faorurti peccJitis hnnnine' efi, tawea not yet Gc it is fiabiiitum, as the neceliario ex cited it depends, and more is to be expected the wealth of money, with the help of which, so far only conjectural evidence infip^r>eft>, certain also efilciatTar. diff. •fikucatesvnbippaucas Kuic-iBimicas* reo* -tentiaida ipfisrxommeutariis I gave, ne- fque^difkimulaFi leas^ which the late Abbot Seftinis objecif. ^ To be found, however, retipr, which Niebuhr Danus I was recently published in Arabic : ^) in.>id:b& Jdefopotamiae Tign adfita, di-« cta hioAiq mofui, rifitm fibi niarmor , qnod tefteepigrapbe pofitlimje profite-

•'-, 11

a) Doubts about Minnis. p. y^, b) of Nuoio Minnis. c) Nuroi ill. fub TlMp^ia.

391» *' e^-Rtifebcfchteilrang mretr AraWor Theii ir.-5elte ^62,

d) page

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541

AEGES OF PARTHIA:

Imtur asmo poft Chrifliim 1744« indt ab Alexftndri impcario 9055, 4doctim« that Te there^ QiriftiaBOii his trtottttooB in the iorariptiaiubiaii mode, fed and aaforii the name of the actiB,utiuuiu{UB tokve amam coQJuugece, and first a|^ them aam meaCemihaberi Octobrun, dictom eontm tiagua T^ri» el m§k £x it, et oeJleotos ihi iwmo» mikCso .Aiaslieafto intufit^.

When the man "heard of the city iv"deret# to-

the rcmitiocem of these doctrines ibmmib. co-

mode compotti oum mimis, jquos- a fe

I had just said that I had already finished

Tom ;) udicio era eatonOiam oixtuUt^

.iMninMPiab amm V. ^.455., A^JC.^^oo,

4|uo aommHtSf St -obviare iftGommodis

.

Jews Vitts in rem fiuun eft itcAimonm

MaroeUini, who Arracem I. and finally

AdyerruB Antiochum li. rcfcettalte yaa-

(he said that other people taught him) (bd

^MiiadTerfiis ipGum SeleuOttmL fiUca-

then, that with v^Gmile piHet acci-

difle y. C. .453, infte ducendum aerne

he threw the beginning, but hardly through*

he roared with learned men, as one Marcel-

they did not prefer teftimoniom to lcfiptoiibin to others , qnonar »a|or tas, cnmqtte so doctiina hacc im ca«- the main peooet, never in the pore defectionie Pathflrum, so much &• it should not be easier for some com- the fashions, which are known in this The magic of the Parthian exp&cation, xpam in others, they • Atqtte Iuteo de caafi imqtte so entangled^ and nnHo faciie in* geoio tsL fiikfidiis hatftenns cogniiia ex- pKcmid& abttnde diet ezifiimo.

I warn you, in short, that you are not happy tradrachmis inCcriptam^ drachmis raiu- qnMi* iNon igitHr -literae 2A. Aiot in dmchma VatUaiita^ ^) notabimt^ nt vifiun Ftoeretio. that in the area of drirhininim occmTiat mo> nogcammaJa and lierae lolitaciae « qno- mm expBcation.dttlMa. Aoeedit^ qnod Gtterae 2A. fnnt in the tetradrachm Aifr cis 15 £ipTa xdtato^ etfi iaeo already ha^ beatar ooctus epoohan amnK

fiab^nt and iftudnumiPtfthici fibi «w "proprim"" qnod not annot insido, bi •and mnte nttmia.iiiferibont; iod nt a» 4Erar9, fic and menfes you find still ii 4etudBadfeBus« ii^Qripfta vseno ffla vo- ^cahida effSe ceetos menfos^ docebitlttbjedtni mrafinm -ha sMsmis npertoeum .eataiogtts ; M fdo^t^elaamivopabidum MttliDS horui to some it is prefixed to j. So far they have been discovered they are

») l. «• Pc71f#ta3*

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THE KING OF PARTHIA

M9

APT€ Jrtmifms. AAL AAIIEOT. Daejmi. /tlUON for \aOT. Lous. rOPniAIOT« Gorpiams. - TnEP. TrpEPflEPETOT, Ifyperkn^

AIOT Dim.

AHEAAIOT. ApOim.

ATATNAt JmJgnMiui.

nEPITIOT, Piritms.

AIET* for ikTST. Daftrus

SAINT for EAN^I. Xantkieus

Pel- leriiiius, *) fed by which he exftet in xMm adds. Idmi in this one yider AHim^mu &bi is a reef, ^) fed harder erEoarem fimm ipfe acknowledged the fuffecto Au- djnaeo ^) However, a certain Artemifius you have from the god Arfacis XY I mumbled d^finneryaQi , as we have seen * Omnt^ have a few of these gods* mouse nomtna ^ eosqne lecmfidttm Mace- gift ap|>eUation, which from Rome to be brought in by Oedons. What a delight why did the Parthian gods inscribe tur, obtained. The skulls that Vaillan-» tius brings, ^) they are more clumsy than to be remembered, then to be comforted reantmr. Another guess is Peller's of those who thought, inscribed in the name of menfts The Greeks in Parthia were exiles to whom they sacrificed to the god Menl «t who at times in the old gods ad- dilo MHN, or MEM5IS is indicated. ") This coBJectura uses learned, l^wciofa tamea inagais, how many leaves are seen, at- that as, what are the burdens, the majority 'farther arcefsitis prefent, I believe po-

tiiis, as infcritbiendo The mints wanted to be recognized, no fixed numus, fic incribendo meaf fe y oluiffe fignificari, quo is men£s wcu^ the lion becomes the eiqpert. Eoimrero Siculif Believe in God, do not co- 9idX, who nevertheless and ipfi figliais liiis mfO« fes infcripfere, ^)

$. VU.

(^rumjujfu Pmrtkkukuit miumufigmltm.

The weight of a drachma impeded by the kings of Parthia a ratam, a dubious quarrel, of course both part of the type, the head of the king, and Parthus fe- Dens y toti Parthici funt Nor obefiv written in Greek, for the Ludaeans and the kings of Mauretania with tongue in cheek there are not IVia ufi, etfi native to both it will fail In the caufa effe could be greater with copious native Greeks trade op- portunity

In contrast to the exiftime of the gods of this clafsis tetradrachms, etfi do not understand gam, these, too, were taught by the riris mo<> to think of the net reguotjttflu fixed What did the Parthian kings do? Greek ears are inscribed with folk, even* then drawn from that time, this tract began to obey the man Seleucus foreign s^A his then fucceSoces trans- side, which yoke of Partbi, which fe« did they bear impatiently? Au/ ^erinmile, roluifle -eos {unc^i , and gen-