Doctrine of Ancient Coins, vol. 5 — 1796

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| THE DOCTRINE NVMORVM VETERVM

CONSCBARIPTA

A

JOSEPH ECKHEL

THESAWVRO CAESAREO NVMORVM, GEMMARVMQVE VETERVM, AND ANTIQUE THINGS | TEACHING OFFICER AT THE UNIVERSITY OF VINDOBONES. ,

PART I ON THE NUMBERS OF VERBS, PEOPLE, AND KINGS. VOLVMEN II >

CONTAINING

HELICVAS REGIONS OF EUROPE CYM PART OF ASIA MINOR.

SECOND EDITION

- - A

WINDOWS SYMPTIBYS OF FRIEDRICUS VOLKE 1839

ARCHANT AI O P

"A

IRMEADERIGEN ICI LM CdCÉE a a O MGE VH QNM

VIEWS OF VOLUME II

e

Names of cities, peoples, kings.

Chersonesus Taurica. Pag. 1. European Sarmatia. Pag. 3. Dacia Pag. 4.

. Moesia superior. Pag. 6.

Lower Moesia. Pag. 13. Thrace Pag. 19. Chersonesus Thrace Pag. 49. Paeonia Pag. 60 Macedonia Pag. 61 Thessaly. Pag. 134 Liburnia Pag. 151 Daimatia Pag. 152. Lyrical. Pag. 193. Epirus Pag. 160 Corcyra ins. Pag. 177 4 Cartesian. Pag. 183. «detolia. Pag. 188 Locris Pag. 190 Phocis Pag. 193 Boeotia Pag. 195 Haiti Pag. 205. Peloponnesus, Pag. 228

Achaia Pag. 229.

Elis. Pag. 263.

Cephalenia ins. Pag. 270

Messenia Pag. 276.

Laconia, Pag. 270 "Argolis. Pag. 286

Arcadia Pag. 292.

Crete ins. Pag. 300

Euboea ins, Pag. 322

Insulae .4egaei minores Etropaeae, Pag.

325

Bosporus Cimmerius, Pag. 339

Pontus, Pag. 340

Paphlagonia Pag. 383

Bithynia Pag. 390 Mysia Pag. 448 Troas Pag. 479. 4eolis, Pag. 491 Lesbos ins. Pag. 500 Tonia Pag. 505. Darling Pag. 57 i.

-

THE DOCTRINE NVMORVM VETER 5 M

Q'

* *

CHERSONESVS TAVRICA

The lost of Europe, which in the West tem, the provinces of our resources wild animals, turned to Eastern Europe mouse, made at first by the regions which se-

they look to the north, whence to the south, and the happy provinces of Greece and the islands we will follow the road. travel ex- be the extremes of the order in the north

CHERSONESFUS TAFRIC 4.

So say that it is a peninsula, Pontus, between the Maeotis marsh and the Carcinite gulf cepta, and Taurica, which was held by Taurus my father was a Scythian race. However, the cities to lead the Greek colonies to it, but which sub- thence they were subject to the kings of the Bosporans, either by force or voluntarily, since from the barbarian the violence of the Bulls vexed abroad did you need help

CHERSONES

He also had a peninsular city to himself surname, which Pliny calls Hera- clea Chersonesus *), because he was the witness of Stra- bone xouc Heaxhevro», wrbs Heracleota- I am of Bithynia. Whence once said Me- Garice testifies to the same Pliny (b), namely that The Megarians built Heraclea itself

2) L, IV. p. 218 (Fol. 11.)

b5 ], c.

c) L, VII. p. m. 474

run Strabo says that she was first free, but for fear of the barbarians he surrendered himself to Mi- Thridates of Eupatorus *). free again the Romans, so to speak

Be careful not to mix with this god let the gods of Chersonesus be indebted to Crete. Primus Pellerinius He discriminated against you. These are the Tauricas:

XEP A youthful laureate head then, before that, a military soldier, X Woman standing turret d. arrow, s. bow and arrow on the back, monogram in the area, and AP. AV.lII. (Letter of Sestine T. 1V. p. 89.)

Numus, a case of excellent metal of time, j5;

: e + Head of Diana with bow. XEP ADA 21K. Horned bull. AE. 1T. (Mus. Caes.)

EY

o9 s

De Dimas Tanricas in hot tract worship it is established, and the bull is rightly inserted; for ~from this the name testa- tur Eustathius d). This coin is more liberal see explained in my Num. vet. p. 49.

* * *

STAGE Naked woman bending over no s. He holds out a bow. XEP Griffin AE. II. (Pellerin.)

The woman of the front, too, through the bow Diana seems to be recognized, from whom and cre- a rich city founded, as Mela relates, but who calls her Cherrotien *). Griffiths in reverse type this coin to this power mum claims Chersonesus, for the same in the neighbors also of Panticapae the one whose type in this tract it is given to ask from fables, for in some places Jum superiors believed to dwell in gry phos, a fierce and obstinate race of beasts, The earth is in great need of gold they love, they keep, and they are infe Those who reach SH, as he delivers in the same place Melas f), | |

*k.

XEP A naked soldier bending on one knee d. spear, s. shield X Figure dry AE, 11. (Pellerin.)

Not far from this city, but beyond the pen an island to the west of the gates of Borysthenes there was an island called «4cAi//is, and near in con- holding place, called Aeouoc AxiAA og, course of Achilles, of which Strabo, Arrian, Pliny, Mela. More specifically, Mela tra- says 8): Achilles infested the sea of Pontus when he entered there with a fierce struggle

CHERSONESVS TAVRICA

I won the victory, and you will rest in peace eral, he had raised himself and his people by running he lingers Therefore it was called Šeopoç AxiNNuog, It seems likely that, from the neighboring gods chin asked, and put forward in the opposite direction Achille was made into a hero's rite, a playful contest led by him.

hall + œ

EAETOEPAZ Headwoman 10 XEP

PONHZZOT Diana stepping weapon out the quiver promises, s. bow AE. II, (Pem- brock P. Il. tab. 33.) . It would be doubtful to which Chersonesus to this distinguished deity belong, this Tau- rich, or the other Crete (for both and the cult of Diana flourished), unless the suit di- would the voice of EAETOEPA?P Of the Taurica writes Pliny 5): soon Heraclea Cherro- given to Nesos freedom by the Romans. Strange it might be seen, this city at the ends of the or- placed twice at the ends of the cult, so many gods itself, unless it is clear from Pliny), that it was a city of the principal interest in (olo eo tracts, The rich are dying in Greece, qiingsgo thousands a few steps around the wall.

4E. RR

HERACLEUS M.

The head of Hercules the lion has taken off the roof. t HPAK. .the dragon and the club. AE. III. (Mus. Caes.) i

I have seen many similar spirits. These are of a work so barbarous that they were killed by Heracles les throughout Europe and Asia more cultured the scattered would not acknowledge their birth. To these things the opposite type conspires with them,

d) to Dionysus. v. 506. Po 218. i) 1, C.

: + YLM. 1. — AL, Ue.1.sub ini, g) L.ILe1. — ByL. IV.

SARMATIA OF EUROPE A. 3

whom in the gods of Panticapaeus and Phanago

riae from the opposite side in the Bosphorus Cimmerian Asia-

we observe the tic, then they are seen

that of Heracles, that of Ptolemaeus

mentions the presence of the Maeotis in this peninsula, 4E. RB `

PANTICAPAEPV M.

Teste Strabo and Stephen prince Bos- the city of Europe, how much nobility to inform you of the number of all metal con- they strengthen A colony of Milesians, said Strabo.

The name of this city was, or was, this time unknown, or unjustly turned aside, ceu when inscribed only ITAN Panormo, Sicily the tribute was F), or in general the god Pas It would be believed to be indicated!), one Pellerinius ten in every metal let them belong here without doubt,

who stood ninth in number, who was Ar-

I will mention the mountain of Argolis in its place. Others see the Hunterian Museum. An important ar- Neumann published a genus from his museum,

SARMATIA

: OBLIA Betrayed by the name of a man, she named another god they prefer Situated towards the gates of Borysthenes, a The Milesians were commanded by Strabo, from whom and it is called a great magazine. "Still In the age of Antoninus Pius he seems to have been powerful, who entered the city through the incursions of the Auroscythians He sent help to the perilous.

. K) Beger Thes. Bro. T. I. p. 369. p.99 ») Capitoline, in Anton, c, 9.

1) Tristan. T, IIl. p. 83.

Epigraph : Tl. TAN SO MUCH. SO- TIKAIAIIT4N. It appears from these given to Stephen reading mwrrmueraergg - for AAITIRURIUTNS

More important types: Head bread, maybe through allusion to the first syllable in no- mine of the city, from which cause and Vibius Pan- I see the person of bread in his denaries that he had signed A lion's head, a lion's head. t"

from the gods of the metropolis of Miletus, in quibos

that animal met him. bull's head on you tradrachm? rich Gryphus, who is indeed in heaven Chersonese dreus, quiver, hat Bioscu- of the dews that dwell in the Euxine frequent type Av. RRRR. (Pellerin, and Pemórock tab.

F.) AR. RRR. AE. RR

THEODOSIA.

Hunterian coin from Cl. combi that Metapontus of Lucania was called here I have said the currency of this.

- t

EFROP 4E A.

OLBIOPOLIS

e e

The head of Ceres, or: Manly bearded, or: Mwulieóre veiled. 10 OABIO eagle la. a dolphin standing, or: Arcus, para- tra, axe, or: spike. It is the first of these AR.I., (Pellerin.) the rest AE. II. IIT (Pel- Lerin, Theupoli, Mus. Caes.).

The head of an ox. € OABIOIIOAITEONN,

w) Sestim Lettere T, IV.

Aa

A Sagitts, AE. III. (Sestini Lett, T. IV. P. 90-)

To be corrected from this reading of Arigonius AABI- OTIOAIT(XN, and type incorrectly described

you AR. RRRR, AE. RRR.

That is the name of the river, which today Dniester, the Milesians Scymnus of Chios

of the Empire.

Several were published from Vespasian to Ge- . as well. And the glasses are in the museum of Cae- I will be The excellent one published by Vail- lantius : BHPICCIMOC, KAICAP., Caput M. Aurelius, of whom the name of Perissimi vi- of the gods of Caesar.

DACIA

Epigraph: TTPANOQN.

Such as Hercules, Cybele, eagles, etc. I met everyone

Isolated letters: B.I. etc. which Vail and others to indicate the years of the reign They thought that such letters were scattered here and there we shall see that they meet in the gods of Moesia and Thrace, of which it is difficult to ascertain the true status protect meaning

AE. RR

COMOSICFS GET 4.

In this name the king and pope of the Getae Froelichius, having learned from Jornand, gives a lamp in which he seemed to read: KOMOCI--?) I found out the truth later, to be one of the Persians, such as many pro- posits Pellerinius P), and of whom I will speak in the currency of the Persians.

D 4 C I A

Kings once had their own, and them powerful and rich, from Decebalus history is quite clear, which they used to move neta, less certain; probably, however in this tract signed the surft of the god tetradrach- my raw materials, and often extreme bar- of the Bereans, who on one side Jupiter's head, on the other the horse they stand, having been taken from the gods by Philip II. example of the king of Macedonia, whose mag- for in this day there is plenty in Transylvania, which is the nobler part of the ancient Dacise it is set up, it is taken out, and what it belongs to the god BIATEC BVSV SOME SVIC "CA, and others, which will be dealt with separately in the treatise on the barbarian gods.

9) A new addition to whether, reg. p. 56. lip sen

P? Suppl. III. Tab. 2.

By Trajan, subdued by a difficult war, in pro- the province was reduced, whence in its im- the executioner of the gods: DACIA. AUGUST PROVINCE But there were no emperors until Philippi there is a coin in Dacia itself was assessed, nor from this that the god known to Trajan had come forward, in the obverse of which: AAKIA, the type of a woman let them sit down for the trophy, even if this Vaillantius decides 1). For besides which is not probable, Dacof'quam they used the Greek language, certainly not by themselves they had cast off so much that they painted their own image rae mourners would propose, when ne- I spread out my life and subjugation

q) in the land of Colon. Phi-

» DACIA 5

let it be admitted, from which follows, this nume

likewise in any Greek city

then, to those known to Titus: IOTAAIAZ2,

daea, but they were thrown out of it.

Therefore the proper gods of Dacia, who at the pre- they feel they belong to the class, of course They are signed by Dacia herself

of the emperor

which begin under Philippi, and last in Gallieni's empire

Consisting of the epigraph: PROVINCE. DA- CIA, in addition to the years of the era, of which below Vaillant's reason is certainly weak, which Dacia Latina used epigraph con- therefore, because perhaps Philip bear, or became immune *) , than fin- seems to have given reason to have an honest would cause these gods to work, which of He acts as the head of the colonies and municipalities, to insert, to which of course there is no class they belong to the agreement

Type: `

A slane woman covered with a patriot cap Phrygians between the eagle and the lion, d. a sword the bent of his country, himself. standard ptum : D. F. etc

A woman standing, (rarely sitting) d. en- bent over, next to the fierce flag, his inscribed V., eagle on the ground, s. holds the standard, on Juu XIII, on the ground of Leo.

These types are constant, or only in they disagree in minutes. A woman in these gods

The symbol of Dacia acts as a covering of roofs,

which is similarly covered in PANNONIA in the sword of Aelius Caesar, and the curved sword

preferring for fashion jewels and both

Dacus is remarkable, who has often been taken prisoner It is formed by the sword of Trajan. letters EAALQKTIAZ., who is certainly not Ju-

&exoise; D, EF. according to the acquaintance of Decius Dacia Felix to fill the gods.

Numbers 5 and 124 inscribed on the flag are brilliantly illustrated by Dio *) you, at the age of 3ua, that is, of Alexander Severus, Macedonian legions 5 and 13 sigh

for he stood in Dacia. This is certain

be with Dios, and the witnesses of the nations For them, it may seem strange, the same legion

.V. Macedonicom: to be mentioned also in nu-

mis Philippi in the colony of Heliopolis Coele- having struck Syria, and not even in the forests of Berytus Phenicia, unless it be decided, part that a legion was on duty in Dacia, a part in Sy- things See what we will advise more about this to the said Heliopolis.

According to the standard of the legion V. stands the eagle, and next to the other of the 120th legion, [by him Both animals thus explain Vaillan- of t), that the eagle is the emblem of the empire R, let him think that the lion was the symbol of Dacia. God as regards the eagle, agrees Harduinus), but therefore contained the lion He says that the lions will really live in Da- cia, which hardly any certain record pro- he cares Of course he is opposed to Pliny in this place his own, adherent *), in Europe between Ache- only the lions, and the rivers are the nests of the lions to be, and Dio Chrysostom was once a lion. himself about Macedonia, but their kind Y tells that it failed long ago). Insert either that animal lenge another, and it certissi- I have betrayed my reason elsewhere, 7) on the eagle, the symbol of the V legion, and the lion

r) l. c. *) 50, 50 c. 23. 't) in whether On the other side, ») Num, ill. in Dacia x) L. ViIL § 17.

y) He prays. XXI 1) Num. vet. p. 50

6

mem XIIL, which is proved to be pseolare - there came Gallienus, the Roman emperor, in which those who are inscribed in LEG, V. they also offer an eagle, as il, ih. where LEG. XIIL, they represent a lion, an egg with which even the gods of Viminacius conspire of which I will tell you a little below. | Type of woman d. holding a spear, ex with which the ass's head was fixed, which was al- then the symbol of Dacia, then in the gods of the commas of Komani thence a I say, but not the right of this kind of god Dacia signed. Vallantius and Ari-

PANN

Let not the gods of this country exist before three times those who write: METAL. PAN

MOESIA SVERIOR

gonius in the Trebonian god? of this also

They saw the classes, but it is probable that they did

deceived, for in our museums this the most intrepid to see such an aversion not allowed

The seasons of the year in all these bones they were born in this way: AN. 1. 1. etc., De its beginning and manner will be dealt with shortly below in the woods of Viminacius.

AE. l. form C. AE. II. and III. RR Philip's silver with AN. I. and him max. mode Baldinus recites (Vaill, T, 11. p. 915.) but it seems too suspicious.

O NIA.

NONICI under the end of the numbers of Trajan's comma R.

MOESIA SFPERIOR

I find a single coin in the name of Moses popular, and it is bnperatoress Domitiani: . MTZIA. Province I would pile up the goods next to the weapons. AE. I. "The detail of this monument, and that obser- It offers many things worth seeing, from the museum once upon a time Foucault to publish Vaillantius and Harduinus autoptae In this the illustrious were seen to have sinned . these men, that Asiatic that of Mysia tri- they did not hesitate to be bulls. type of province our cias prostrated on the ground a pile of character will easily be given to me by anyone

they are known in the gods AAKIA, IOTAAIA

. Apmenia, then. From the true number of them

was Asiatic Mysia, for who really proved from history, when he never the Romans, but of all that he rebelled in the age of Domitian. it is clear nor was he ever discovered to be of that genius these were Mysi, to easily sit in the open they would go I see that the right has been offered to me to look at another Mysia, with which he and this type of enemy can connect cti, and that it was this very Moesia, in which we are now, I hope that the arguments

to be of that kind, by which the propositions are solidly substantiated. It's the first time what the learned man knows is superfluous each one, Moesia from the ancients, Mysia

regions taken either by war or by arms . service recalled, which was just proposed

MOESIA .SVPERIOR 7

P} Yes, I said. This was the reason for writing not unfrequently to the Latin writers, to the Greeks almost invariably Musia for Moiacia. distinguish therefore, lest the reader be deceived,

said Dio *) : pexer Tys Mucius rys èv «y Ev- ,

eorty, as far as European Mysia, see more evidence at the Cellar. But, in peace, nor does Moesia agree to rule I shook off the yoke of Domitian, and demanded war as well. I am not against it, if you understand that Moses properly speaking, But it was in Moesia po- different from Moses, speaking to God about Da- cis b) , in !Zugorrez, he says, r«lges veyovra:, AAN i pev ini aO e &vTu nas mpog Tu T eid x3 órxurtég iç v5 TOY Tys Muctiag vojsoy react, xc: Muco: tps maga Toug Nuvu Eniyopioig, óvouadoyrai, i Š énextiya. Although xexNepTas, x, T. ^. The Dacians occupy both banks of the Istria, of his sons, I led this river near the Tribal- los inhabitants, to the governorship of Mysia they hold, el Mysi, but not from those who pro-

prie regionis indigenae sunt, vocantur;

those who live on the other side of the river are called Dacians tur etc. En the riddle of this god solved illustrious by this testimony of Dion, and by that to the stronger, because when he pre- to function as a star, all its causes he investigated from a neighbor, and saw For he narrates, within the bounds of Mysia himself a part of the Dacians, and not even these from the natives, but from foreigners you were in Mysos se, dictos. It is already established, Domitianus that he had waged war with the Dacians, and of these as if he had triumphed over the vanquished. Most likely, Do- Mitian and the Danubian Dacians rising, and having caused them inconveniences, which ``i EL

it was done, that these things were as if they had been conquered by war it would be proposed in heaven and written MTZIA for AAKIA, because, as said, this portion of the Dacians, indeed, in Moesia placed on the borders, they were called Mysi or Moesi usual, that is, from the external names of truths do you not know But the gods, the conquered country witnesses, never to be struck in a conquered country to be accustomed, but from the foreign people, who brought for the cause of the land, the things done by the reigning war He openly wished to foretell, as above in I warned Dacia that, indeed, at present - for the truth is so much the more, because we Graece est inscriptus. For it is not agreed the cities of Upper Moesia in Greece were lo- skins, or even some of them at this time that the gods had sealed their age. This, which disse- rui, if they will be seen to be held, this is the only one the god of Domitian, who was at war with Da- He remembers this gesture.

a LM M.

To this Cl, Combius recalls the Hun- Terianus: AAMONIL ., nor this one enough complete It seems dangerous To assign the Greek speaker to this tract, which is not known to have been inhabited by the Greeks. From the type of ship and the construction it is rather insu- read each of the Archipelago.

DARDANIA

The region, and part of the upper part of Moesia in the nie- Numos with Trajan's head in the writings of the Dardanians, which belong here see in the names of the metals that describe

he goes to the heel of the Trojans. "

` s. * »* ^r from * - `

a) 50, 49 § 36. b) L, LI. § 22

- * "n - a_a - n7 mon CAES D e - T

: MOESIA SUPERIOR

PINCY M Gods: Aelia. pension with ca- Hadrian's pit see among the same Metalle- rum gods

FIMINACIPF M.

Colony, as is believed, by Gordianus III. brought down, there are the most abundant cojus of the gods thence from this emperor to Gaul whether, and with whom there is full agreement of the gods of Dacia, mentioned a little before, was - the city near Istro, and it is believed that the itself, where the town of Bram is today, c).

Epigraph standing: P. M. S. COL.

VIM. that is: Stuporius of the province of Moesia.

ris COLONSIA VIMIZACIUM. . Type:

A woman standing between a bull and a lion. In wings: Woman standing d. holds a standard, to which inscribed: VII., bull on ground, left another standard, in which: 1V. kumi leo In to others: I attached the right banner above head of Gordianus, to the left of Tranguilline. In other rare cases: Taurus and Leo gules stand with flags, in others: A woman standing d. He holds a hare, s. flag They are pre- and there are still others of a different type from the one mentioned instead, but at the price of a little discrimination, which You can see the detailed descriptions in mine In the catalog of the Caesarean museum, in Cl. Neumann ni Numis pop and reg., and in my Nu- my vet

Vaillantius d) and Paciadus *) the ox to the colony, I will make a lion fierce to the people according to which they report that it was mitigated by the colonists

that of Paulinus 1): So I am a gentle wolf ~ in the fold, the lion's calf is fed together. ınə- | that is genius rather than solid. For these animals are the same a pig, which is above in the forest of Dacia We have said of the eagle and the lion, for it is a bull the symbol of the VIIL legion, and the lion of the legion IV. They teach themselves first that this is true The gods of women, in some of whom mu» lier d. He holds a standard inscribed VII. a standing bull, s. another standard, his in- written IV standing by the lion, without (8) a bull and a lion each one threatens from above with his standard. Do- cent then this very god of the legions of Gal- Roman commas, in which perin- of legion VII, a bull, of legion IV. time are given, that the argument of the same I explained the matter at greater length, and God testifies b): that in his age he stood in the upper Moesia Gion VII xu: fous: di é» Ty Musia th dye, ďi Ta uaNiga K^avoitior avopudurTat and Septimani in upper Moesia, who Clas- they are generally called gods. As well as in the Notes of the empire i): the governorship of the legion VII. Clau- days of Piminacio. The fourth, however, is the same instead he writes that God stood in Syria, Tercero. ZxvS9 xo» £y Zvpia, but we have seen above in Dacia, the same legion V. to be mentioned and in the forests of Dacia, and Heliopolis Coelesy riae, perhaps to the cohorts of the same legion distributed over various regions. we said in one flag of these numbers to mine the head of Gordian, to the other the head of Tran- quillinae, in which type is proposed the custom vor

——Ó———————————————— | c) d'Anville B. L T. 274 p. 454. Neumann Num, pop. d) sporadically in Colon. *) in Go-

symbol of Rome, Florent. T. III. . Moesia I

p. 233. f) Poem. 30, $) Num. vet. p. 50. b) L. LV. c. 23. i) in

"amr make 2 Ut

MOESIA SVERIOR | 9

toasted, the heads of the Augustus before the standard

go AE. I. C. AE. He. HI. Ri

Of the epoch of VFiminacius and Dacian gods

inscribed

The gods of Viminac and Dacia in the segment the years of the lower era were constantly recorded showing: AN, L II, etc. Both principal different stock, for, as we shall soon see, His wife counts her years from an- no V. C. 993. under the command of Gordianus, and Da- cia from the year 5. C, 1000 under the reign of Phi- lip Neither principle has a definite and ex- cried To be those of the years of Viminacius they would resume the beginning of the journey, which through Gordianus had appointed Moesia, on which occasion sion also repelled the barbarians, who him return a hostile tract, True Capi- tolin her departure in the year Y. C. 995 and for a few years since then

|

they do not proceed, most likely only, Gordia- whether in the said year Viminacium because of have expanded the opportunity by adding op- the fortifications on foot, and the colony brought down, mercenaries and because of the neighboring barbarians giving providence It is true also, Philip, who succeeded Gordianus, thence from the year 5. C. 998 to 1000 in Moesia, Dacia and Carpus against the Goths

who overwhelmed these lands like a torrent

to have fought They were moved by his power Dacia restored to him, increased by colonists, fortified a new epoch was ushered in by the laws from the year 5000, when the whole work The supreme hand was laid. l

Since the years of both names are inscribed mul- then apply to the chronological order rum history is inherited, worth the effort seems to add in this place the letters which let them keep the years with their emperors, as many as I could find.

THE YEARS OF WOMEN

ÅN. I. Gordianus . ... . . " AN. II, Gordianus

e. from Em in the year 5, C. 993. > 055. 994.

AN. III. Gordianus, (obvii) Philippus: sen. . (Noris d: god of Licinius.) ' >.. 995.

AN, IV. Gordianus, (obvii) Philippus sen.

aai c. Neumann). . . . 99^

AN. V. Gordianus, Philip. . . was ue TE ubos- ue ow wow ce 905 AN. 6. Philip . . . . . eh ons n n n s nc s s s 998 AN. VII. Philip . . . . s dcck e 4 ede cw ww e — 999: AN. Philip VIII. . . . & . 1000 AN. 9 Philip . -— "T2100 from oO AN. X. Otacilia (Vaill.) Decius. (Mus. "Caes.) jx px care Ceo od c DOS AN. XI. Otacilia (Mus. Caes.) Volusianus. (Arigoni). «1003; AN. XII. Decius, Gallus, Volusianus. (Mus. Caes.) Senu (Arigoni)

Valerian (Arigoni.) 1004 AN. XIII Etruscan R Hostilianus, (vain P Gallus, Nolusisnds:

(Mus. Caes) . . ] . . 1005

(Fol. 11.)

B

10

AN. 15 Mariniana (Mus. Caes.)

AN. 16 Valerian, Gallienus (Mus. Caes.) . . . p. . . e' 'ť

MOESIA SVERIOR AN. XIV. Gallus, Aemilianus, Valerianus, (Mus. Caes.) PI

100b. 1008

'e e e e € e -+ * -0 - LÀ

THE YEAR OF DACIJE

AN. 1. Philip AN. II. Philip

e e e 79 e e. e. e

AN. III, Philippus, Decius, (Mus. Caes.) Volusianus Avg. (Bandur.)

AN. 4, Decius

9 * e

AN. Y. Decius, Gallus, Volasinus Aug: (Mus. Caes.) AN. 6. Gallus, (Bandur.) Valerianus, (Mus. Caes.) Gallienus. (Bandur. Neu-

mann.).

AN. VII. Hostilianus m (Vaill.) Aemilianus, (Vaill) Gallienus. (Vaille).

answers ammo V. C.

3000 1001 100242. 1003 1904

L * e e * e o e *

1005 1006

AN. VIII, Aemilianus, (Mus. Caes. Neumann, Arigoni) Valerianus, (Mus.

Caes.) e è >» AN. 9, Valerian, (Mus. Caes.) AN. X. Gallienus. (Mus. Caes.) .

I have rightly excluded the gods from this list Alexander Sev. and July Maesa, which pro- the herald of unheard monsters Goltzius: COL. VIM. AN. T. and AN. II. This is a lie, but for the most serious men Je credit moved Norisius *), and Valse- )), that they might deny, expressed by these characters years of colonialism, but that matter they were still on the dark side, Idem Patinus, following Tristan, also felt but it was necessary for him to feel so, when in the nu- It should be commented that, since from The injuries of age, it seems, were badly treated be whatever years you wish, and whatever to present in any order, Catalogus, whom before you see, it is woven from the gods, which I saw myself in the Austrian museums, which because of the neighborhood of Viminacius and the people of Dacia

1007 1008 1009

e [LJ] e * € e e. e ^ e 9 + e

they abound, or to those whom they enumerate ca- the taxonomy, of which with us the greater authority according to the purpose of this series It appears, of course, when the second succeeds let the emperors increase in number inscribed, these have the true meaning of the epoch, and if some people intrude on another's station at random give, so to speak,

The epoch of Viminacius was to be led from the year A. C. 993, it is shown from the gods of Anso V. notatis, which is common both in Gordia- no, than Philip. Since then, the year 5. C. 997. was the last Gor- Diana, and first Philippi, and here in Vi- the threat of the gods is called the year V., necessarily corresponds to the first year of this colony give in the year 5. C. 993. In the same way, when in the lands of Dacia with Philip, then with Decius

—————————————————— EN IHSvÁÁÁ/pGÁÀeG/nÁíERÉÓÁÁÁÜ P Pí RÜMÜ R a

k^, Diss., whether Licens, c.

6. 1) about the tribe. can, Elag. p, 42, 9) Numi, imp, in Gordian.

:»

MOSES. SUPERIOR

Anzus Ill. was read, and it was the year 5. C.

1002 the last of him, the first of this, pro-:

, Dacia to spend his years pisse from the year 5. C. 1000. It proves the same also the year V. shared with Decius and Gallo

It may be asked whether the two po- in the autumn of the year, after the fashion of the East, or Kalendis Jan. more like the Romans? Po- sterium is much more likely, since The colonists of the Bomans were also instigated by their mother they had settled down safely. This is their in- set out from the gods conveniently be beaten If year 1, the era of Viminacius co- pisset in the autumn of 5, C. 993, so that the stock would have been repeated every autumn, se- He complains that the year Y. began in the autumn no V. C. 997. But the Gordians are numerous with the year YV., who, however, in the first 997. is already slain for them. Nor shall it be said it is possible that the year 1 of Viminacius may have begun in the autumn of 5. C. 993, and thereafter through repeated every autumn. For in this the sentence of the year 10 had begun in the autumn V. C. 1001, e! had come out in the autumn of 1002 It is certain, during all this time, that se- when the year 10 occupies this age, im- that Philip had yet perished, and yet pro- the gods were milked, who, when Decius no X. they conjoin. He had begun then in in the autumn of the year V. C. 1004 year XIII. Vi- threatening the French before the end of the Nine he did not obtain the government of that year and yet in his book the year 12 is read. In the same way from the gods of Dacia when no lil and the heads of Philip and Decius likewise with the fifth year and the heads of Decius and

NT

It is proved by the Gauls, that the present year also lendis Jan. to be repeated as usual. f Moreover, how much in these Dacia and Vimi- perversity reigns in the nation of God, while im- years are given to the executors, certainly to strangers, if they are to be deduced from the principle indicated, easily from the proposed catalogs can be in- understood The gods are so discordant, each one to be tamed by no agreement with the most learned they were seen to be able, yet to be won by certain laws ciret, he boasted that he had found a reason erudite Mazzolenus »), Two for both: po- He determined that the beginning of the era had been, so that Vi The threat was one, and in most of its cases visible to the gods from the year 5. C. 993, another less common one from 995, Da- the principle most commonly used by the ancients: no V. C. 1000, the other is used more rarely usual since the year 1002 No, but multiple these times must seem incredible, he commands to look at Antioch, Sinopen, and other places cities, which themselves are also divided into various cpochisa they were used as derivatives of the spring head. not ve- I think that he will be strong, no matter how much he is in Mazzo applauds his unique invention gentle, this opinion is not probable to deserve the praise of the eonjector. Or probably, this confusion of years in a state established by law for both peoples, and put on the public records? Ex- the gods of Vimina are standing. Philip, who rum to one, but rare, inscribed AN, 12, others frequent AN 6. Since the year IY Viminacii, if here from the year 5. C. 993. de- taken, not brought into the empire of Philip Neum Mozzolenus was built from the year 5. C. 995 derives Therefore in the same year Y. C. 998

n) of the tribe can p. 162 and 173

o) l e. P: 162.

B 2

12

The women were sealed with the gods in the year 4.

others with the year 6 Is this for him who per-:

He urged in the same way as Valerian He had not yet ruled in the sixth year of Dacia, if here from the year 5. C. 1000. it has ceased, Oit. But this very year we have abundant Va- the gods of Leria inscribed AN VIII., therefore In the same year, the gods were signed in Dacia since the year VT. and VIII.? What's that ter- that time too, if you follow Mazzolenus re, you can elicit, Befert Bandurius nu- the mum of Volusiani was already struck by Augustus Dacia cam in IIT, Dictante Mazzoleno this god must be led from another epoch at the beginning of 5. C. 1002, therefore the god here the ghat is 5. C. 1004, quotamen in the year Vo- You hardly liked Augustus already. But I do not wish to press the learned man further; for if need be, even on the third Vimi- He inclines the age of the nation, as he himself declares P). In truth, the same famous man of Antiochus Chiam, Sinopen, Amisum, etc. obtained which were each used in different epochs, for not about this, but whether one and the same at which time in the public records rias should be used for two years only a distance apart, this place laughs But if in some cities there are more one era was in use, many even nu- mis inscribere, nt A«calone factum obser- let's go... constancy, and within a short time from transition from one epoch to another, and so on " a return, which not a few men insig- Lest I add wrongly, copiously by this You will find the work challenged, though for some

MOESIA SVERIOR

cities, such as Apamea, Seleucia, and Tripolis they cannot be acquitted of this carelessness.

It remains to seek the refutation of these, when in Let us observe the gods of Viminasia and Dacia years, which looked at the beginning of the epoch did not fall under his control, whose ca- they are joined by piti, how let us consider the cause of God. Of course it was from one. the confusion of all things in this age I think it is gone, when the barbarians in this tra- but, as is evident from the history of the emperors, they would carry and snatch everything, and read nothing They were allowed to be carried by ordinary buses, why lack of matriculation, which at the time qua- they ransacked, the old ones were stored in the drawers to recall the false submission, which of course to have himself thus from the errors themselves can be collected with an ax, for you will hardly find it in a year marked by all these gods, who would be after the reign of Augustus, when with which it is joined, but years always before You have observed the matter, with a clear argument retaken from the old matriarch. Tta Vimina- which will give you the years 111 and 31 in Phi- lippo, year 11, in Volusian already August I stand, year 6 in Vulerian and Gallienus, which are the years of the preceding princes I do not wait for the money of Viminacius with the year XIII in Etruscan, which is the year of the reign the posterior of the husband of Decius, or him Bandu- Rius recites from Voillantius, and himself he did not see, and he pretended to be this Vail- He calls the reading of Lantius into doubt. Neither

I am also waiting for the money of Dacia with the year

V. in Hostilianus, whose father was Decius that Dacia had already died before this year it is evident, for from this very god it is confirmed

p)le p 162

- - LOWER MOSES.

both are mature, as Victor reports and Zosimus, having slain Hostilianus by another father as long as he ruled with Gaul. After all It would undoubtedly be more difficult to lie in a list of the years of these gods, if all those who had hitherto been published should undergo a second examination Of course, in the Austrian museums, which that the people's noses were full of disgust I was allowed to see several of them. whom others, having seen them, professed. deny which appears sufficiently from what has been said up to now, Vi- threats and the gods of Dacia because of so many deceptive numbers of years for chronology

I will by no means give the history of the emperors.

13

intended to bring support, as much as not a little the opinion of learned men

From the years of Viminacius is the rarest AN- nus X., so that Neuman I wonder whether it is really in the coinage of Viminacius exists d), although some with this year pro- Vaillantius is the only Decius in the Caesarean museum, in which he was whether it is written, I can do so with some confidence to affirm How much faith is to be had Panelio, who loves X, finds not just in the heads of both Philip, but .and De- the Etruscans, the Herennii, and the Hosulians?) on its own :

LOWER MOSES.

"CALLATIA At Euxine, founded by Heracleotis Pontus, to give Strabo, Seymnus ct Memnon at Photius.

t

Autonomous

Epigraph: K. only. (Neumann) KAA.

KAAAATI, KAAAATIANQN. i x

KTICTHC. The head of Hercules. (Pellerin, Mouse, Caes.) This, of course, by Heracleotas the founder of the city is habit, and therefore you have on the opposite side of the numbers of this city often his attributes, quiver, club, bow (Mos, Caes.) In a similar god at Goltzius is also misread KAAATIAZ, and it is wrongly attributed to Galatia,

In others: Cupid ridden by a lion. torch (Pellerin.) A dolphin mounted on a shield. (Ibid.) Many shields placed in the world, or in the nu- mis Macedonum, (Neumann.) but it is held

+

the same type also on the coin of Paesti

Lucania, and Lydia of Philadelphia, Duo horsemen, (Theopolis.)) no doubt Dioscuri of great renown through Pontus, Spica ast alone, isn't it? next to another type. Cybele tooth, (Mus. Caes.) is singular in Han- teriano «DIA, KAA club, what if gnificatio rs «DIA, I do not know, Cl. Combius Philokalea Pontus is supposed to be indicated,

AR. RR AE. RR

He commanded.

A Faustina jum and Lucilla, of whom they are known at Arigonius, and in the museum to Caesar; until Philip jun.

I encountered the types of various gods, the most important is: Hercules carrying the Erymanthian boar. (Mus. C. Vitzai.)

Isolated letters: E. in Pellerinianis and in the cited Vitzaiano, T, in the autonomous Theopolis That type of letters is frequently in the

4) Num. pop. P. II. p, 127

r) in whether Trebonian

14

averse to the numbers of Moesia and Thrace in we shall be protected, which are the marks of money it is probable, as we shall see.

AE. RR

DIONYSOPOLIS.

kd Euxine. By Pliny of Thrace it is said, said first to Cruni, then to Ma- tiopolis, finally, when it landed from the sea would be the statue of Bacchus, Dionysopolis, as nar- rat anonymous author peripli Euxine.

Autonomous

``Inscribed by this name are several there, but I dare not define whether to this one, above the other, are the tributaries of Phrygia God It is useful, however, to review them at this point. To whom that kind of knowledge is available, ex they will catch the device of the augury.

A veiled woman's head. X. MONT ZO- IIOAITAON in a wreath of spices. AR. III. (Theup) AIONTCOIIOAITOON inira guerna (Pemórock.)

Caput Sarapidis, € ONT EOIIOAEI- TON. Mercury (la Mortraye Voyage T. II. tab. 7.) |

Head of a woman, bust behind. X AIO NTZOIIOAIT (QN. Bacchus standing clothed d. cantharum, s. thyrsus AE. He. (Mouse, Caes.) Fabrica rather in Phrygia he avoids i

Head of Bacchus X AIONTCONOAEQSC. A type almost similar to the previous one, AE. This money Panelius attributes it to Phrygia. (Num. Cistoph. P. 39.) |

AE. RRR.

LOWER MOSES

To the emperor.

From Severus to Gordianus the same by letter, in various types, and met.

Isolated letters: B. (Vaill. in Sev.J A. (Mus, Caes.) He thinks that his years of government li, in which these marks are found, without doubt hu- they belong to the city of Moesia

AE. RB

ISTRPF

At Euxine, near the first entrance to Istria, from whom he received his name. different from the old bus is written, as can be seen at room rium It was a colony of Milesians cent Strabo, Scymnus, Pliny. Since fO X»o» Strabo calls her, speaks of at his age; for he was once powerful Ammianus testifies *), and the rest confirm copious numis of silver, and some of gold.

Autonomous

Epigraph: 1ZTPIA, also retrogra- de, and IZ TPIH., which are placed for IZTPJIANQN and IZTPIHNON.

Perpetual types: Two juvenile heads in looking different 10 Eagle fish feeding —— o

Vossius considers these heads to be rivers To his wife, who was once believed to have two paths to go out into the sea, one to Euxine, the other into the Adriatic; for the gates of Greece and La- tines were said to be heads t). Begerusadurbis ` it refers to the position where Europe and Asia end. Cl. VVise thinks the heads of the Dioscuri. These things for the saving stars of sailors, and

Lm: cp m C CC C CCS A s eR HR s E ER

2) L, 22,

t) Observe to Mela p. 125

ooo -——— ë mumün. NR HS

LOWER MOSES.

that is their fate according to Pindar *): perapaidoptyoi 9 iraha ápegay ra» per "rapa sarei piho Añ sportas, va» Š' úno xtvOeci qujauae, by turns one day at his father's they inhabit the lovely Jupiter, the other under the pro- He thinks that this symbol indicates the earth's sling. This last guess is not just I am talented, but also because of that probably because he was unique in Pontus in the cities of the worship of the Dioscuri, whom I call a god they themselves are sufficiently manifest.

Solitary letters in the area, such as: A. A.O. X: etc. monetary crises. Av. at Begerum and Pollerinus RRRR. AR. C. AE, RRR.

To the emperor. Caracalla and Alexander Sev. (Vail.

Arigon.)

Epigraph : ICTPIHNí()N. type in more important: Seraphim's horse, the ground stone wire, or string

AE. RRR.

e

MARBCIANOPOLIS.

Some distance from the sea, so called by Marciana, Trajan's sister, to testify Ammianus, and Jornandes, the latter he betrayed the opportunity to build it *). A city founded in the name of the daughter of Matidia Matidiasopolit, and even re- Goltzius alone perishes.

Autonomous | MAPKIANOIIOAIC. A woman's head

15

tower £ MAPKIANOTIOAITON. Cy- delete sitting d. a bowl AE, IIT. (Mus. Caes. - Pellerin.)

Haymius had long before published a similar but when he did not read anything else in the foreground than MAPKIA., the head of the ancient Mar- He believed in the cyan of himself, which, however, it is the genius of the city as an example to other cities. 4E. RRR.

— dmperatorii.

They abound from Severus to Philippi.

Consisting of an epigraph; MAPKIANOIIO- AITON, or: MAPKIANOIIOAEI- TON.

The types are extremely varied in such a large number and though I have almost come across, yet mythology they are very helpful. They are more illustrious:

AT. TTXH Equity standing in the sky Elagabali (Vail.)

OMONOIA, See below in Concord. bu. dd

The magistrate frequenting these gods men- tio, is marked by the prefix T. or TII. namely vro, his power is seldom ascribed, which that Jesus had been the president, he might have been cast down it is possible when from a very rare god, which certain features make Caracalla, as well this title of Alexander to many others preferring but it is not written in these HI'€Mo»g, as in other cities nu- mis, but Hl sM Tepebentinot, that placed for HI Mes by Yyspas, the governor. In a similar passage Vaillantius reads: HI. M TE€PEBENTINOT, but what I proposed presents a clear reading

v). Nem, Od. 10

X) in Getic. C. 16

y) T. IL P. 2770.

$

16

a thousand muse? Caesarea But see what about

I will discuss this with the police in the next Ni-

of the school, you:

Under Severus: DA. OTAIIIANOT -

i«DATCTINIANOT.— K. l'eNTIANOT, ,

—A. KTINTIAIANOT. - ATP. ION TIANOT, - ATP. AIHIIANOT - Sub Caracalla: AT. l'AAAOT - KTIN- TIAIANOT, - HIM. T€PE€BENTI

NOT — Under Macrinus: IIONTIANOT. .

— AT'PIIIITA - See about this in the next Nicopolis — Under Elagabalus: IOTA. or I«A, ANT. CEAETKOT,. - CEPT. TA- TIANOT, — TEPEBENTINOT, — Sub Alexander: TIB. IOTA DHCTOT - HIM.TE€PECBENTINOT, — PIP. DI- AOIIAIIIIOT — I« I'eT.AIK, — Sub Gordiano: TEPTTAAIANOT - MH- NO « PIAOT Under Philip: T. MECCA AA. — A, KTINTIAIANOT.

» * i

The agreement is marked by a prominent deity max. mode Gordiani: OMONOIA Gor- a standing civilian Dian joins the right with a woman with a towering head standing by. (Mus. Caes.) From the very type it is clear, to indicate ój«ov2/» ur- - twice with the ruler.

* &

Single letters €,. which year 5, im- Vaillantius says that it should be indicated, 7), Verum with it, and no other, in almost all im- be found in the hands of the gods, a wonderful lest, one this year from Marcianopolis tis coin inserted, to these with the same € may be found in Macrinus also in the gods,

LOWER MOSES.

who was killed in the second year of his reign, certain we are unable to mark the year of the empire, but to be known - of money, as in most that of this tract of land

4E. C.

Nicopolis.

the Mediterranean to the Istra, and the Iatri in the second coming out according to Jornand Founded by Trajan, a sign of victory Dacians, as Ammianus says 5),

Autonomous,

They do not exist, except for the one who is at the same time He notes the concord, which he thus describes Motrayus: (Voyage T. I. tab. 14. n. x?.)

. NIKOIIOAIL. IIPOC., I. Woman standing d. bowl, s. cornucopiae 10 AAPLA NOIIOA€IT(XN. Moon and star. AE, HI, |

AE. RRRR.

of the emperor

The first of these by Vaillantius, Morel-

lio *), and is recorded in the museum of Theupoli -

with the head of the founder himself:

ATTOK.KAIC.TPAIANOC.CAO.THP. THC 110€ 4C. A head of laurel. € NEIKO- IIOA1C. Stepping fiction AE. He.

But for this god is perhaps Nicopo- the lions of Epirus

It follows that among the Vaillants 'another Ha- Drian In the Caesarian museum these gods lo- Commodus was the first to receive the cup, and the rest until now to Gordian with a great number run

3) Ju Gordianus, a) in Getic. -

b) L. 31 c. 16.

c) Spec. p. 213.

LOWER MOSES. Epigraph: NIKOIIOAIT ON , verier.

"NEIKOIIOAIT ON, nor, of which below.

The types of arguments vary significantly among the mythological, one of these me-- seems to be delayed:

BOTAH. AHMOC. The Senate, the people. Shepherd seated on the cliff with his right hand over his head he raises, s, feet, for the feet of a dog, put tree, in the shadow of the Lady, (Vaill.)

The strange connection of the shepherd brought him to the senate and the epigraph.

added to Istra

* * i Magistrates in heaven II, form ple- and is inscribed with the prefix T. or TI]. They are true. Under Severus, Caracalla, Geta: A. ATP, l'AAAOT. — PAAOT. -.OTATIIA- NOT — A. OOTINI. TEPTTAAOT (Mus. Caes.) ATIOAATC, (Theup) y Under Mecrífno and Diadumeniano: ATP, ONTINOT, - CTA or CTATI or CTATIOT AONLIINOT — AI, TION TIANOT — KA. KTINTIAIANOT. - K. or KAAT. ATPIIIITY - MAPK.. ATPIIHIA This Agrippa Froelis whose d) he thinks the same, of whom Dio in fragments published by Falcone: Marcius Agrippa Macrinus in Pannonia mum, then i$ Dacia to preside over him He sent with power (axysuostoo arra). It was he was aware of the murder of Caracalla by Ma- Spartan reports that the mane was worn: son ignorant of Marcus Agrippa, who was in charge Under Elagabalus: A. NOB. or NOBIOT POTTER or POT Vaillantius and

r

names

17

Froelichins numos this magistrate in- they gave the writings promiscuously already to Cara- Calle, already Elagabalus, When the head in these gods would be very juvenile, if they were Caracalla, they would have been sealed alive here and there Bevero, and then it would be strange, not ex- stand the gods of Severus, Domna, Plautilla, Getae with the same magistrate, though in Ni- the cops of the gods have often been betrayed, as it really is they do not exist, and indeed even linearly They easily prove Elagabalus,

Under Gordianus: CAB. MOA€CTOT.

| It may be asked of right; Are these different things? which both of this Nicopolis than the preceding Marcianopolis tae inscriptions are read, they indicate the magi- domestic bed, or wysuo»a, or the governor of the whole province, for this strong arguments for the president I. F}. Vipianus, Pontianus, Agrippa in- were also written by the god Marcianopo the law, and indeed under the same orders, whence it follows that they were magistrates whose power extended to the province it was ordered that the domestic magistrate does not agree JI. Paulló above in Ma- we saw Marcius Agrippa with the mane of his hair

and indeed by this name the governor from him-''

dem Maerino in Pannonia, Dacia which we said was sent, with which perhaps then Moesia was joined. But it is on the contrary I., that :y«4o-c never preferred always set the position of the TITIO absolutely v. g. HERE, TOTA, MAZIMOT. But this is lighter, and more mere, that it may be seen a matter of discretion. IL that much. fights va- lidius: if they were really marked by names

(Fol. I1.)

r i

. 18

tur/presidents, he would follow, under Maorini government, which only a year, and men- He lasted two, five were different presidents, because they are as diverse as hu- right, and his children are inscribed at the head of the god we will drink, and perhaps more of these still, because Nicopolis is not yet known to all of us they are burned It is true, the same argument and also to fight against the magistrate

domestic, and to be honest, not

while you find out, by what means you can trust this culture I think it should be expedited.

Mention of the site of the city of Ister sio: IIPOC I. IC. ICT ICTP ICTPO ICTPON also IIPOC ICTP., where easily added to his god by another god of the cities endowed with the same name are known It contributes to the crisis . also, that no god, who Trajanus Nicopolis may be the first: the tribes. AE. C.

TOME

To the Euxine towards the Ister, from Ovid

. celebrated in exile

Autonomous

In the older of these, as far as ex device appears, there is an epigraph: TOMI, In these types: Two horses in the middle of the body im- threatening every star. (Pellerin. Mus. Caes.) An eagle resting on a thunderbolt between the two the hats of the Dioscuri. (Mus. Caes.) From po- This deity appears more often than horses that the former god was the Dioscuri, enough already others of them by the Pontus cultus.

LOWER MOSES.

Of more recent age they are inscribed : .TO- MIT()N. TOMEITON, TOMITH NfXN, (Pellerin, Mus. Caes) —

TOMCC or: TOMOC. KTICTHC. or: TOMOT HPWOC. Tom's head laureate, rarely diademed, (Mus. C,)

These gods, believed by the Tomitans, teach some tome, of which al- then, among the ancients, there was silence in the city its founder. Maybe he was the leader oo- the Milesians had gone to this coast; for Ovid calls this city Milsida

cat £), and in another place 5): j . He was also sent to Miletus to come here. loni

This truth does not conspire with the words the same Ovid narrating in the same place, the name given to the city, that there Medea where he would stay following his father, fra- he dissected the three Apsyrts into pieces, in which Apollodorus and Stephen, then changed to Tomitano- Rum opinion about the origin of his city.

^| + *

€PMODPENOT Protome of Pallas. X TOMITHNJQN, Amazon knight; AE. IJ. (Pellerin,)

It is clear from this figure, even the Amazon I will connect the story with Thomas, though This is not known to us by any author.

"ZEE s

Magistrates, but no men of dignity tion, and to inscribe the god again. EPMO We just saw Tenot. O€C!DI. in nu- of the Caesarean Museum.

AE. R.

*) Trist I. cleg. 9.

f) Sad He. choose 9. :

*g! Coar A aa O O E O T n; ME l

THRACIA

To the emperor.

They exist from Trajan to Philip according to Vaillantius and Pellerius, Ti- Segtinus finds one of the berii 8).

The epigraph is simply TOMAT (YN us-

that to Aurelius, then TOMESNC

with additional titles, of which soon. EE

The types offer nothing worth remembering.

Metropolis and mention site: MHTPOII. IIONTOT TOMEX €2C. almost constantly thence by Aurelius, but ro MHTPOII. already it is read in the statue of Antoninus Theu- poles Therefore from this it seems that the metropolis obtained the dignity, perhaps then, when The Taurdscythes sent to attack Olbiopolis he checked with the helpers, as Capitolinus reports. There is a unique inscription on the god Ma- maeae: TOME INNONT (Pellerin Mel. IL. p. 186.) The word IIONTOT is added, that the city was near Pontus, not that that stretch was properly called Pontus, where the name of some province of Asia Minor Euxine's guests were called. From the same Apollonius of Thrace also adds: EN IIONTQ.

Neotoraítus is noted in the singular Domna: MHTPOII. IIONTOT NEQK, in the area A, (Pellerin, in which, even the name of the city

19 is lacking, however, enough for the rest of the epigraph phes manner, and literally to sing : . Navarchis This honor is also given to him

approached, teaches the remarkable deity Caracal

read: MHTPO. Nat. ION. TOMECOQC. (Pellerin Suppl. II. p. 56.)

Isolated letters. Usually in the area A solitary 4X Vaillantius is seen in ex- He finished folding these letters, but almost always unhappy, that marked TETAPTHZ he thinks as if Tom had been a quarter of me the city of Pontus, when in Pontus of Asia there were already three of them, Nicomedia, Ama- sia, ct Neocaesarea h), Verum in the museum Caesarius is preserved in the name of Aurelius, and Tranquillinae, near Pellerium Plau- tillae, in TTheupoli Otaciliae with a letter 1. We who are duller in intellect than these we profess to be ignorant of the old literature wall, and among the notes of money as usual and let's make love with a convenient escape, Ta-

but something more illustrious should be told them, verily

Alexander's deity does a similar thing in Arigo nium, in which the letter À itself on the front of the temple. was inserted. AE. C.

Thrace A.

The currency of this region is widely used for va- the age and situation of the cities varied ture Which. the Aegean Sea, the Propontis, Most of the colonies must have been near the bridge of the Greeks, and of ancient fame, qua- les are Abdera, Aenus, Maronea, and

even the neighboring island of Thasos, which is farthest away in the age of abundance and purity of silver to sign, inland Thrace then still barbarous, and in need of kings serving After the death of Alexander M. Lysimachus claimed for himself, whose power

8) Lett. T. IV. p. 91. -

h) Whether, Greek p. 209.

Ca

to this day they bear witness to the nu- my numerous weight of gold and silver I saw his From his death Thrace

You arrived torn apart by the Gauls, and from time to time the kings.

again natives, and finally these Ro- He had a host of people, while from these in the province would be reduced. Where is this subject It happens that it is old among the learned

``dissension.''

establish, following the Chronicon of Eusebius, his which followed Syncellus, others from Vespa let it be, because Suetonius on this: i) also Thrace, Cilicia, and Commagene until that time, in pro- he reduced the form of the vines, but in what place not a few men distinguished themselves for the Thracians as» , Cilicia, they think should be read: Tra- cheam Cilicia, for it is clear, Cilicia di- had been seen in Campestre, and Trache- am, siye rough, But for the Suetonii a popular reading of Thrace by Vespa He confirms that he was reduced to a province also Entropius, and his metaphrastes

Paeanius the Greek See more about this suit

ra in 'scholars to this Suetonii lo- with commentaries, Eustathius in his ad Dionysius tells Vespasian about his acquaintances twice that he separated Thrace from Europe X). That then it was a political government, no

It is quite clear, writes Plinius the younger!), By>

that the Zantians had sent an annual legation to him, who is in charge of Moesia, should be publicly saluted. From which it can be thrown, Thrace as well as

Moesia had been conjoined, so that indeed cuit Dio, anciently in twos or threes pro- . . that one presided over the conquests?), in the same epi-

Pliny tells us about the stole, coeroitos a. by himself

'90 THRAC IA.

the cost of the zants, which each year had sent an ambassador to Rome to greet while the prince, whence he could be gathered, Thra- that he stood now and then under the rector of Bithynia, because then Pliny Bithynia with Pontus He ruled, but it is probable that Pliny did not that he ruled Bithynia with ordinary power, but the legate. extraordinary power a Trajan to inspect the state of the cities sent thither, as will be said in the prologues to the gods of Bithynia. Why can it be rat, as his command to some also The cities of Thrace would also belong, under Tra- cities founded by Janus and Hadrian, from con- riches, and their family name cities, such as Trajanopolis, Plotinopolis, Ha- Adrianople, which would be a defense against I am barbarians, already then from the Boreal region fearing the government, Numi Bizya, Pe- rinthi, Philippopolis under Trajan, Ha- Drianus, Antoninus, the ambassadors of Augustus they write for the praetor, presumably because Thrace was the province of the Augustus. Di- it is eaten in the woods or xeeogcvre; simple three, or vecofevroi uas &vrioTeaTWwyor. But made under Antoninus, so that thereafter Thra- ciae directors no longer veepvrcs in

they were called numis, but ysis, presi-

give Domitian was indeed more valiant He betrayed a sealed coin, which App. Claudius Martial sryeuova apel- lat

can stand, which he from Leo. August

no author' does not cite a sufficiently suitable one, Idem the president exists in the two hearts of Serdica Caesarea's museum, but with the head of L. Veri. Why did the 6 who were previously mentioned as ambassadors

5) Chap. 8 k) to v. 270 and 323

m) 1, 53. § 12.

D. L. X. epist. 52.

THRAGCLIA

from time to time, and indeed a constant read, ap- it is uncertain, of course, whether Jesus will drive them away But to mention these governors here I do not like more, because it is about them from the purpose it will be done elsewhere. (Vol. IV. p. 234 seq.)

* *

All the nation's boinne issued the two Vail- lance with the head of Caracalla: KOINQN, OPAKÍ)N., which had been signed at Philippopoline, it will be clear from this god.

GET AWAY

On the Aegean Sea, a city in Thrace once very powerful, and as from the inhabitants in astonishment, so by some men in- signs, Democritus, Protagoras, others

which was notorious. Witnesses Mela and Solinus

It was founded by Abdera, the sister of Diomedes, gis in this tract known by the inhumanity According to the famous monument of Hercules the lion, which after others popularized Mari- nius ^, IOAIN ABAHPAN. HIM. OPAKAZ. HPAKAHZ, OKIZE., ur- Hercules founded Abdera in Thrace he says, namely, the surname Abdero Thro- nicus F. See and Apollodorus °), and Phi- lost P). But the true founder from we will give the story soon.

Older autonomists.

Let those who are Abdera no but they disguise themselves:

The group towards the west, im the area Asia or HPO., X Square im 4 - parts of the sect, AR. 1, (Hunter in the gods

those lonias.)

The same reverse X Said in the square,

21

which is contained in a larger second, to which in- written APTEM (N adding ivy fo- lio AR. I. (Ibid.)

The same reverse. X ANASZIIIOAIZ. Square, stepping within the gud figure d. He prefers a bowl, AR. I, (Pellerin)

The same reverse. 10 I put it on; Quadrejum, within which three spikes, AR IIT, (Pellerin.) .

Gryphus and our Abdera, as ex

we will see in the near future, and Teii Io-

nia, which was his metropolis, per- he is a stubborn type. It is so difficult to define

when in the described way the god no-

the men of the city should not be added, to which of them by right

we think of the trumpets. Cl. The previous ones

He led the two Tejis to give tribute, men to call them Abdera, because Looking at the neighboring Maronea and Aeni

In these cases they have a very similar method.

To these things Neumann threw himself ingenuously ours, to be seen by the gods to be given to Tejas, in which the griffin faces the east Abdera, in which he in the sunset spring I am afraid, and I confess, in those gods who distinguish by the written name of the city, expe- I will not deceive you. His close friend They also offer eYemplum in currency his own Apollonia and Dyrrhachium. Abderi- tae griphi type from the metropolis Teo pe- ` to be afraid, whence also its cause should be sought. Ce- ` the Teji, when they would not bear the Persians insults, Abdera to grant, whence said : Afwea xary Twor' aromia, Ab- the wild and beautiful colony of the Tagus, of which See Strabo and He- rodotus

n) Iscriz. White p. 150

o) L. II. e. 4. 5$. 8.

P) Icons L. II. c. 25

~

22 *A Griffon sitting. € Duadrülin incusum.

AR. (Mus. Caes. Pellerin.)

EKATAIOZ,. eagle flying within wire 10 Gryphus seated, below whom is a pit

ivy AR. IT, (Mus, Caes.)

The former is arguably the most ancient that square of the opposite side, which de- hence gradually becoming proficient in this pre- indeed the witnesses were restrained by a string of onions the gods of the neighboring cities of Aeni, Maro- no more it would lie inward, but it would stand out, and type the rum, which he chose to bring, would be patient.

* * ABAHP Gryphus jacon X TYIOAT KPATHZ. A naked man, s. bow

. pretends, d. corolla, for feet

none, all within the square. AR. II (Mus. M. D.)

This is also a work of ancient times.

which, and once published by me 4), Argumentum l

difficult to explain

More recent autonomous

EHT EKATONTMOT, or aiio ma- registered A youthful head bare within the gua- wire X ABAHPITEQN. Gryphus se- tooth, AR. 3, (Mouse, Dog)

Apollo's head € ABAHPITON. Griffon sitting. AR. II. (Hunter.)

Epigraph ABAHPITEQN., and more frequent, is Ionic, because, as has been said,

Ions themselves were abdicated, and Demos

A loud Abderite is introduced, speaking Ionic by Lucian 7"), and by the witness of Aelianus *) Hippo- the Dorian crates, indeed Cous, in De-

———— RTI

E

t

Mocriti gratiam his books psit ABAHPIT()N another name of the dialect It is common to be mistaken by the A89 gentiles. Head It is probable that he was the ancestor of the former god Timesius Clazomenii, which colonized the Tejas to have been a leader, to have founded Abdera, a Then the Thracians were defeated by the Abderites as a hero he delivers worship. Hero

endowed *).

e * *

A magistrate placed in the right, or prac- fixed EITI, as we have seen. Of the same kind Goltzius is mentioned in a similar manner: EMI AIOZ., -AAIOT, , from which Jovem I don't know whom Begerus lured

& + 5 s

Silver coins, of which one par- te is the head of a woman with the inscription A or A.K.

. on the other, Jupiter sitting, restoring the Ark

, days, will be taught in this currency. 4R. R. AE, RRR.

of the Empire.

There are Vespasian, Antoninus, Aurelius, Fau- jun. (Vaill. Pellerin, Arigoni,)

Epigraph ABAHPITEQN., type ob- roads, | AE. RRR. 4 ENPS "

åd the gates of Hebri, the ancient city and the gods you were hungry ennobled

autonomous

A helmeted head. X AI Caduceus AR. III. (Mus, M, D.)

AIN. l inscribed yalti » gua capui

q) No. vet. p.55 7) iavitar.auct, °) V. H. L.IV.c.20. : t) L, I. $. 168. 2) Observ. whether ant

1 IRACGI A.

covered with juveniles, X ANTAAAZ Goat `in- through which angry AR, I. (Pellerin.)

A helmeted head. X AINION Goat AE. IIT (Mus. Caes.) Caduceus. AE, 111 (Pellerin.) |

Aeneas' helmeted head to most people it is believed that Aenus was founded by him betray "Virgil, Mela, Conon x) and Pliny, although others glorify it Aenia, which was in the Pallene peninsula of ancient Thrace, give See Dionysus his Halic y) and Cononem *), Quin sc- and the illustrious monument of Hercules containing the gassed things, which restored Ma- Rinius *), our age was already before that of Aeneas He stopped the flight. But in the judgment of Pellerini that head is truer to Mercury; for in this caduceus stands opposite to some an attribute of God, and in one of Pellerini himself standing from which it is clear that he was the most important his god in this city-worship, even ca- by, who generally of these numbers he takes the opposite; to Mercury holds, and often to this old monument mind is added, of course, as he explains Pausanias P), because he is the god of shepherds, and protects the herds,

A similar coin inscribed AINI. Pa- cisdus refers to Aeneas of Macedonia c), which opinion is clearly refuted by the fact that in others the whole is written in full AINION, which according to the testimony of all she was a nun of our Gentile Age, when of other cities with the name of Adam be so different, of which see Cellar, and Stephen. a

23

| "E

Head against a youthful helmet, X AIIOL: Sit down, it seems. AR. III. (Pembroke.) . He is unique in the right crowd you can We have the same way and XTPA. KOZIOI. |

AR. R. AE. RR

of the Empire.

Pellerinius popularized such a one, Est Hadrian's type of Fortune. Epigraph sin-- throat: AEINIWN EN OPAKH

Another of Caracalla's late Museo Caesa- I introduced the accused: AINIQN, A man standing half-naked he keeps his temper in check.

Catalogus d'Ennery recites another d); ATT. KAIC. II. HEAT. IIEPT. Head laurel, stubborn X AHNIQN. Diana Ephesus inside the temple. AE. 1, Author his catalog really anti- when he preaches. But it disturbs. written HEAT. for EAT or EAB., which su- he makes to be spicàr, a coin from the artist of the language A little expertly made of Greek, as well and unusual AHNIQN

AE. RRRR.

4AGESSPFS.

One Goltzius eating astonomerm, but who was of Croton, in the pro- we drank

One also mentions the empire of Trajan Harduinus from the museum of the King of Gaul, among others unknown to all

t"oc——ÓÓÁÁ(Ó Ó R Ü

1) photo tells 46 b) Corinth. p. 117

y) L I. c. 49. c) Animadv whether M, Ant. p. 78

z) l. c. a) Iscriz, Alban. p. 150

d) page 477

4ANCHIALVF S. In the north to Euxine. To the emperor.

From Dominitian to Gordianus.

Epigraph AUXIAAEL)N, Typi mal- simple and lowly.

The presiding officer in Namo Domi- tians; H TEM, AIT, KA, MAPTIAAOT,, which from Leo, Augustine cites Vaillan- of his, the same magistrate is also in two the god of Serdica, but with the head of L. Veri. See Prolegomena to Thrace.

HDI'€, CT, BAPBAPOT,, in the god Se-.

true, (Pellerin.) The isolated letters € move this tract. Named after the Emperor Trajan OTA- IMIANQN, which began to be proposed under Se- indeed; and in what follows it is seldom omitted.

*

When the other was still in Cilicia" An- chialus, , stick sometimes anti- which gods are inscribed Al'XIA- AEQN they thought they should be given. When added there the magistrates of Hyeuow, or OTAIIIA- NO, or a lonely €, easy zemne» because in this only three strokes of the sword

. these things to be valued, in others, in which these things

are lacking, the weight of the learned was varied, Vaillantius three Severi, one 'Franquil' line, which AUXIAAC €(QN such an inscri- buntar, attributes to Anchialus of Cilicia, Hujus for example Harduinus, the author of the museum Theu- Poles, and other gods thus inscribed already to this one, already to award to another Anchialus, But for of those with the device, as well as the replacement type all the gifts of Thrace suggest, or at least

24 Thrace.

there is no reasonable reason that they should be in Cilicia to be removed Haymius had the same confidence

. the namus of Maximinus, in which the three Nym-

phae standing, Anchialus of Cilicia is given °), But the type himself advises, the monk Anchialus to be restored to Thrace, for he runs in the woods of the neighboring Apollonia, to which Our Anchialus was a host to the testimony of Stra- bone: ur Ayyiuħy nMyror Anod ona- TO»), then Anchiale the small town of Apollo- of intentions So far therefore sure An- There is no sight of the god of Chilia Cilicia. 4E. C.

| APOLLONIA . At Euxine near Anchialum.

Autonomous

Head of Apollo, $ AIIOAAON I4, IIONTOT KOPZ Two brands. AE, lil. (Panel Mem. Trev.)

Although in the reading of the first term

there is a lie, but here is a coin

can hardly be doubted because of the se- that IIONTOT, as Patent ex impe- rations

*? *

Silver earrings: HOS. oum in the type of the three dancing nymphs Pellerinius thought it to be of Apollonia; ve- that Apollonia was of the Illyrians, in this the currency of the city will be shown. 4E, RRAR.

To the emperor.

Vaillantius saw none of these, that of those whom others of this name

9) Tab. Il, p. 355

THRA CIA

he gives two, one is seen here revo- to go Four, however, who are right here belong, Pellerinius put forward: (Rec. iii. peg 203.)

AIIOAA QNIHTE€ON, EN.IIONTQ., Three nymphs leading the chorus, Dom- ' mae Another like Diadumenian f).

- Mention of this type will return in the future Apollonia of Illyricum. Use the same one too Ánchialus is nearby, but it is also clear that Apollonia had prepared it for him, as in his said currency. But the epigraph is Ionic and it is clear from Strabo that it was Apollonia A colony of Milesians.

The same epigraph. The woman s. sitting spear in the tetrastyle temple of Severus.

ATIOAA Q). IONT Pallas standing, Ca- racalla

AIIOAA QONIATON, II. 4 Aesculapius standing, Gordiani

From the epigraph of the numbers of this city, as well as Tomos, who are called in the gods MuyreoroNse Ylorrs, it appears, also cities this stretch of the Pontus Euxine from to have drawn this name.

AE. RRB

4 RISTAEPFM.

Let's put it. Numos APIZTI It is known that some people paid tribute to this city It will be said that the gods of Crete knew each other the town He added another Combius from Hun- terianus: the head of Pallas. 10 APL fries. AE. III. The position of the city in the Mediterranean in the interior of Thrace, and at the top Hemi perus favors the Greek god in- written, and who is of a more votive age, Ad

25

Aristaeus scarcely, and not even scarcely, said this known I would therefore prefer this coin to give to another city, and indeed Clazo- menis, as Cl. Sestinus (Letter p. 48.) they are typed as rums, and sometimes in these we see the name of the city omitted by inserting the sole magistrate.

Byzantium

Above the Chersonesus to the Propontis A colony of the Samians, Bacchus and Ceres gave we are rich even today, according to Pococio 8)

Autonomous

Three of these are in Caesarea gauze. Epigraph : BIZAN.BIZANOHNON. Type: Veiled head of Ceres. X Co- roma spicea — Head of Apollo. X Tri- pus — Captain Palladis, X Noctua.: ln another: the head of Bacchus. X BI Cluster (Neu- Mann.) 4E. RR

B I Z Y 4A. Towards the Mediterranean in the region of Astica located in Euxine, Autonomous

Head of Neptune € BIZTHNON. Joppa-. He sacrifices three times standing naked at the altar. AE. III. (Neumann.)

Jupiter's head € BIZHNOSN feic.) Picto-

things progressing AE. III, (Mus, Caes.)

Hunter added two others, of whom one is inscribed: BIZTANQN. 4E. RR

f) Bestini T. IV. p. 92. (Foli. 11.)

g) desert of East T. III p. 143.

26

of the Empire.

From Hadrian to Philip with a commanding stress of the greatest for- May struck the gods

Epigraph standing: BIZTHNON,

Types: Serapis, Isis, Harpocrates, Ae- sculapius with his companions. In the sky of Phi- lips: Mars d. spear s, scale, and ciy- wearing a suit (Arigoni.)

Magistrates: first Jegatws, whom Vaillantiàs reads in the numo of Hadrian: EII, EITI POTTER IIPEC, KAI. before TOT CEB., which renders thus: ssò tio Rufus the legate and propr. Augustus, the same fe- in this way it is proposed by Spanhemius à). Pellerinius reads in his likeness : €IIEI. yours under Titus 3). Another type of magic layer president: HIE, MNOM, OTGIIEI- CKOT in the name of Antoninus X), Vopiscus le- it is also in the lands of Hadrianopolis, Pau- such, Philippopolis

The solitary letter B in Pellerini's name!). AE. R |

BYZAÁANTIF M.

To the Thracian Bosphorus, long ago an illustrious city, in a favorable position and harbor, by the fertility of the soil, by the abundance of the fish - you for a strange reason, about which see Taci- then ") much more illustrious then, when Constantitsopolis was equated with the eternal city, and New Rome began to be called

It was an old Byzantine currency to teach the authors of great names nis, Aristophanes 1), and who there from school Jiasta is quoted, Plato the comedian; moreover

Thrace A.

Pollex 9), and Hesychius P). Com said Aristides the rhetorician 4), £&; Buchasrio: oi2«eo snatch, pay him the iron money of Byzantium right, or looks back to the old times, or if his own, he is most certainly mistaken, for his age you are sealed by them, their gods they teach the survivors invincible, they of the Byzantines must have been iron men

of gods, none of them

presented to the eyes of the rior,

Bandurius, all the gods of this city as many as he had seen, he collected, and in the air He proposed to the emperors of the East Tom. II. page 456, how I care for them already Once upon a time Ducangius spent in Constantinople Christian poles under the beginning.

Autonomous

Epigraph BTZANTIQN.

They are the heads of various gods, and their opposite attributes

Other more illustrious names are:

The veiled head of Ceres 10 ENI. CPO APIA, in another: EII, MENIZ - - Nepia- a seomindus nut perched on a rock d. acrosto a long time, s. He holds a cooling rack, in monogram area, ÀR, I. (in my Num. Vet, p. 56. Dutens Explains, p. 45. Pembroke P. Il. tab. 38.)

The same reverse, € BTZANT. KAA- 10 AA The same type, AE. nearly 1. (Mus, Caes. Wilde p. 45.)

The first mention of these cities lat; the other speaks for one of the two cities objected to Byzantium and Chalcedon, bes neighbors, and the Bosphorus alone was plundered.

b) Tom. II. p. 588. i) Honey, IL. p. 69 k) Pellerin Mel. IL p. 77 51 c p.77. m) Ann, 1463. n) Nub, v. 243. 9) L, VII. § 106, and L.IX.§.78. P) in Siôaesor 4) Orat. Plate T. IH. p. 145

No

THRAGCI A. 21

Certainly, therefore, since the same in both that type, both in the other city signed, but preferably Byzantium since the Byzantines used to inscribe bere a magistrate with the prefix EII. About type Neptune see various guesses in mcis No. vet. and in Wilde 7), 3

from

BTZAZ. A bearded head — helmeted. £ BTZANTION. (added to the magistrate.) Prora navis, AE, IL (Mus. Caes. Bau- delot Util de Voy. T, 1, tab. I, Theupo

li, but in which god

Buuntur Bizya.) Bearded head with diadem X BT ZAZ.

^ KAAXA The bow of the ship. AE, IT. (Baudelot

l. c. T. IL tab. IV.)

Who was this Byzantium in these nu- mis cultus, controversial, Eusebius in Chronicle makes him king of Thrace, and perhaps think about it in another way. diadem get that Diodorus Siculus was king he says, in what age the Argonauts of Pontus to enter, and take the name of the city from him *). Another storyteller Stephen, Eustace thio Byzas was either a nephew of Ius, or a leader was the class of the Megarians, who also By- they founded Zantius t). Anyone er- go was here Byzas, recognized him by Byzantium truly the founder of his city, and to bring coins, said Dionysius, founded by a god sius of Halicarnassus"), both con-

Zditor, Bysan, and Constantine M, me-

Claudian stays x): which is the third of the city The founder, this Byzas, and Constantine will they see

* from *

BTZAN, the head of Apollo. $ APAXMA, Pharetra, AE. 111, (Pellerin.)

A singular epigraph in this god APAXMA, whether the value two notes After all, the name of the drachma at other times only to indicate silver but also in the bronzes of the Rhodians tur AIAPAXMON., l

* + *

Some species of hooks within the crown, $ BTZANTIQN, two instruments, guo- each of the two cones was committed to reforun base AE IIT, (Pellerin.)

When the front part of the hook is tan- to more probably in the Byzantine gods, because of the Thynnes and Pelamida I believe that it was in this city in the first place noble, not wonderful, abundantly gifted read Strabo, Pliny, Tacitus. Which I said two instruments turned Vaillantio, Herdoino, and other lighthouses con- they say with confidence, even though the lighthouse has nothing let them not have, this type, even though in command

js also frequent, still more certain ex-

dear demands.

+ * Magistrate. Look at the tactics AR. RRRR. 4E. C. Royal They are of silver with a head of Cotyos V. whom we shall give in the kings of Thrace

of the Empire. Frequented from Augustus to Gallienus, Strange indeed, from the Byzahtii Augustus, him-

7) ll cc s) L. IV. c 49. t) to Dion Perieg. c. 803» u) de Orat fun x) inEutr L H Carm. 20 v. 82.

D a

28

which closely follows the dedicated currency, since they were at least under Augustus gibus, we are taught from the gods Cotyos V. Perhaps Augustus still had them at liberty Pliny the elder certainly freed them said the condition.

Epigraph standing : : BTZAN. BTZAN TIXXN.

Types: Helmet, moon and star, delphi a nut between two pelamides, two pretended lighthouses, of which above, and other lowly ones.

* E

Magistrate. Hi, since I noticed supplies not useless, somewhat to describe more carefully.

1. EIIL CCDOAPIAZ— AIOAC)POT, — AHMOCOENOTC,. — ICATPIKOT., etc. EIII. MATPOAQ.POT. HPOSENOT in the silver of Augustus, and Cotyos V.

Thus the magistrates are written both in the aus

tons, than many even of the emperor:

until the end of time. 3. HIM AHMHTPIOT TO B. Ha- Drian (Vail.)

3. EIIL, AIONTCOT. TO T. Aurelius (Theopolis,) | a. EMI happy (Vail.)

5. €3. AOA. HP in Antony; (Wise and Bodl. p. 7.)

6. EIJI. AI, TIONTIKOT. HP in au

tonomis, (Baudelot Voyage T. I. p. 151.

AI IONTIKOT H. Lucil

Theupoli, Pembroke P, 1L. tab. 37. Ban- `

hard.) The same in the god Commodus. (Mus. You kill.)

5j. €III, M, MAPKOT. H. TO. B. Comfortable. (Mus. Caes.)

8. EIJI., MAPKOT,. TO, B. in auto-

nomo (Haym.)

THRAGCI A.

9. EITI AI IONTIKOT Caracalla (Banduri.) |

9*. €3. NEIKHTOT. BTZANTIOQN. Victoria stood and moved the pile of weapons torch burns Macrini, AE. m, m. (Mouse, Com, Vitzai,)

9**. EII, NEIKHCTOZ, BTZANTI- QN. Victory standing d. laurel, s. pal mae branch, Macrini, AE. I, (Mus, Princ. of Valdeck.)

If the last one we only mention here had reached, and not even preceding, cer- I am sure that he was the epigraph of the god I will divide by reading: EII. N€IKHC. TO Z. that is: the seventh related of the victory and then the same would have been rightly surprised, which with confidence the seventh victory can be proclaimed in Macrino the month X]Y.-impe- ratore, and hercule from calamities, no au- knowing the victory. But when the god let the former teach openly, commanding Macrinus was a teacher among the Byzantines Then he said Nicetas, probably plainly is, the same also in another deity to be understood, whatever happened next case name in hang formula you, if it were evident from any other source, from the ancients X^evacpusc had been admitted into currency I would like to believe, mint, as Ma- he would insult a mane defeated in battle, this epi- that he confined graphene, and increased his faith that which the historians narrate, that he ac- took the defeat of Chalcedon even, from re- that he had escaped by flight, ad from there it had been withdrawn. Both of them have money the most complete, and without any suspicion of fraud, I saw it myself. Type of Victory to the name Ni- alludes to the cetacea.

* Thrace

10. EIJI. AATIANO HP Elagabali (Arigoni.)

u. ENI AP AIONTCOT. TO B. the Gordians (Veil.)

* *

19, EIII. TPAIANOT, KAI. TO, B. Plotinus (Banduri.)

13. TPAIANOT, KAI. TO, T, Trajan (Vaillant, who adds, in which busdam juxta legi APX., but it is absent in bi- nis Danduri.)

14, EMI. IOTAIAC «pATCTINHO, Aurelius, (Vaillant.) Perhaps for IOTAIAC. to be read ANNIAC

15, CEMI. O€AC True, (Vaill.)

(6. €, ©. «DATCTINHC,. in autono- mo. (Haym. T. IL p. m. 84. who indeed reads: C, © but the correct reading from nu- in the former case.)

15, ENI. «PDATCTINHC. Comfortable Caesar's (Hardy's Opp. sel, p. 37.)

18. €III. APX M. AT.. ANTONI NOT, Caracalla, Plautilla. (Vailant. Banduri.)

19. III, TIT, AIA. KAIIITOACI NOT, of Caracalla and the Getae, (Banduri, et io meis.)

20. 13. APX T, CAAA. APPEAL NOT TOT KAI. AIAIAOGQ. Caracalla (Vaillant) without KAL AIAIAOC. Geta, (Banduri.)

21, 100 ATP «BPOTONOC. KAI. AT. «PHCTOT, Macrini (Vaill.)

29. 103, M, ATP. ÞPONTQNOC, KAI. A(ODHGTHC. Alexander. (Pellerin honey I. p. 69)

ÞATCTINHC, L,

29 23, EHT. M. ATP. DPONTQNOC., KAL AJA. C'HCTHC, Alexander, (Mus: You kill Mus, de France, la Motraye, Al- ban.) |

Vt Pellerinius from his god he corrected the reader of Veillan with tato law (HCTOT, for (DHCTHC, so from pre- Pellerinius himself must be corrected, who in the voice AXDHCTHC the first lityam A with (DHCTHC conjoins. Numus, which I have described in this place, the double exam of each I had the most complete thanks to the eyes, the lake slow ATA (PHCTHC. exhibits,

24. I like CEOTHPOT, KATI. IOTA CETHPAC, Alexandre Sev. (Vail.) AIAI, for AIMI, is read on its own the museum of Theupoli, but whose author he He wrongly attributes it to Bizya. Harduinus in the god of the same Alexander reads: TP, IIAIN. CEKOTNAOT., but not du- to be read for this: EIT. I like C€OTHPOT., as in the present god, for not until now was the coin of Byzantium The scribes discovered these.

25, €IIT, AP, AIONTCOT. TO, B. KAI, AAE€ZANAPAC. the Gordians (Vail. Banduri.)

To these teachers was the name of the Byzantines Archon officials, of course, as in auto- we have said, the city founded by Megaren for those who followed the Attic institutions. However, in the marble that Chand- lerus, there are mentioned 100 atyoi of this city Dorice Y), but those who have no doubt been ma- minor magistrate, as in Athens in addition to the ar- let him be a strategist

The same official also repeated:

y) Inscr. ant. P. 95

30

teach additional TO B. or TO, T, At Vaillantius is greatly mistaken, who epigra- phen EIL AL IIONTIKOT,. H. inter- it is demanded; Su Aelius Ponticus octavies *). Opposite to this is the statue of Commodus in the museum of Cae- sarei: HE M. MAPKOT, H. TO. B. Therefore another should be searched for the letter H, expli- catus, Froelichius, who this Commodus he published a coin *), he thinks it should be read: Hye- pores TO B. He supports his opinion by not mo Commodus ab Haymius vulgato 5), in in which it is written: 'IIT, AI. IIONTIKOT HI. from which he brings it into the Byzantines that the gods had been sealed by Hryeuosag before Se- true, not true archontee, when true he was forced to see himself inscribed by the god Aurelius: €3. AP. MAPKOT., answers, ar- chontum was never noted alone AP., but more fully APX., as the god himself of Byzantium later they teach. Why either a Vail- lantion "left bed AP. MAPKOT, for M. MAPKOYT., as a lesson prefers the deity described in place 7, or v0 AP. note .frrimm, Arøntium etc. and the gods of Trajan: €III, TPAIA- NOT TO IT., to whom sometimes ad- di APX by the way Vaillantius warns, pla- lest he be disgusted, as if they were rightly suspected. These things Froelichius But in order to easily attend tior, ro H. not to signify the eighth, which Vaillantius suspected, scarcely so probably, to signify Hyepsoa, En ra- tions not to be rejected: 1, Ex inscribed the names of the officials are clear enough that the Greeks had been employed by him, for Demetrius, Diodorus, Do- mosthenes cic, which is observed until

THRACIA :

The times of the Antonines, whose age It is well established, by flattering the Greeks for having used their own names Romans But vice presidents for im- executors of the power to govern the whole pro- vincias used generally from nations was to the Romans. II. According to Trajan, Faustina the younger, and Caracalla By- the eponymous officials of Zante sent, and that they were inscribed by the gods, as we shall see below. But whoever carries it, im- the operator himself is said to face the task of jye- porog, who himself in the place of the emperor he managed them, and especially the women for they want to perform it? Accepted Au- ma- private registry for each city earlier, it is clear from the names of the Spanish cities nieces, and especially about Hadrian from you. but they could not ac- to take another, who returned to the provinces he continued to cry. III. Not only in heaven Aurelius reads: EII., AP MAPKOT. but also in two Gordians: EIL AP. AIONTCOT, TO. B. whether 11 and 26 from which it follows, or even these gods they were ill-treated by Vaillantius, which is less seems credible, or even in these co AP. to be the name of Arius, or ^firumtise or, finally, if we read in these even in the former. IV. Just like that in the above-mentioned Commodus the god is read EIN M, MAPKOT. H, TO, B., so in others read: EIT. AI IONTIKOT HP whether 4. 6., €III, AATIANOT. HP no. 10, from which it may be rightly suspected, isolated um H, to mark the same as HP. in others

z) No. Greek p. 66

2) IV. Tent. p. 220

b) T. IL. p. m. 304

THRACIA

- and perhaps according to these corrections Hay- Mius, who easily in his for IIONTI- KOT. HP He could read IIONTIKOT. HI', which is the only god used by Froelichius to adhere to his wysuo Of course in He was also hallucinated by the same letters. Vercampus, who with the coin of Haymian he would describe it very similarly, he reads as follows: €2. AI, IONTIKOT MT. BTZAN TI(YN,) between Mytilene and Byzantium He was attached to the threshing floor. (Med, du Cab. de Christine. p. 141.) IV. In no uncertain terms the deity of the god, who stands for yyapsa, is read, pre- fixed EITI |

Moreover, it seems indubitable, when that H. or HP various officials let us see the adjective do not care about the officials. term but that, uncertain, En leviuscu- I will guess, however, when, as soon as we will teach, the emperors in this city also, and of the honor of Augusta herself for the cause of the archon they should function, who, in their turn, took charge of him at home they died, the archons could not say rant, which title then belongs to the prince bet Therefore those who are honored as archons he managed rarer things at home, under a different title it was necessary; but he could be HP»yue- voc, elected, that is, for the absent prince you, and for the honor of the archon, indeed the word gupa: frequently used by the Greeks when an elected official signified They wanted to stick, So in the famous table The Heracleans were expounded by Mazochius they run óeioT« dipeSarreg, the chosen finishers. (page 359.) the Spanish bus, in which the Caesars

$1

they performed the function of the orator, those who were passing their turns at home, "no that he wrote men, but officers. See the gods of Celsa

Number 12 to 18 they exhibit the foot of the Romans, who, as a little I said before, the archon, or at least the magi the eponymous strata of Byzantium There are women among these the thing, namely, Feustina the younger, ne- however strange, when in heaven from see also the women mentioned in number 20 customer, Judge Veillantio used to aliguan- give Byzantium the name of the archon's wife to put (For Grec. p. 149.) The same nu- mum: EII, O€ AC, «DATCTEINHC, sic explains: under the priest of the goddess Faustina, leee9c ,, which is indeed both judgments He hesitates to refute it. It is likely that it was. By- of Zante, as in many other cities, illu- stre a certain priesthood conferred on women, of that year, and of honor the cause brought to Faustina, and therefore boastfully inscribed even with the gods, Vul- no doubt it was once done by example as from time to time other priests, but priva- tae condition, the same honor two, which indeed has been cancelled, but so, that not alone, as Faustina, in the coins would be proposed, but conjoined with the archon of the same name. What con- the shot seems more probable, than those which Pellerinius points out, (Mel. I. p. 58.)

Jerome It is in the museum of Theup numus L. Veri: IEPOMNAAIAI ZEOT HPOZ BTZANTIOLZ. PFictoría standing

-anle plough, over guam helmet, Author

He renders this epigraph of his work as follows:

32

Sacred records of Severus Bysastius. But certainly, the former voice mo excepted, and to be read without doubt more precisely: ICEPOMNA AIAI CEOTHPOC BTZANTIOIC. Hieromnemon Aelius Se- true Byzantium, acutely observed this video by the distinguished man Eduardo Corsino. (Saggi di Cort, T, VII. p. 40.) Of this See what I have said elsewhere.

Games:

KOINON. BTZANTIXN, in the sky, Augustus, (Vaill.)

ANT4ONEINIA, CCBACTA, Circa lae, (Vaill.) Not only the games na celebrated Byzantium, but, if faith Eustathius (to Dionysus. v. 803.), also Asræviuy (read A»xræwvsmiavgy) he said, as long as Severus and Caracal survived la. The cause of his affection was Caracalla, who the boy was still angry with his father at Byzantium, because incredible persistence for Pescenni ste- terant, when he brought them back into favor, so that he re- carries the Spartan.

ANT(YNINIA. Elagabali, (Theupoli.)

CE€BACTA, Alexandre (Albanians)

AAE€ZANAPEIA. Gordiani, (Vaill.) probably instituted in Alexander M. ho- knowledge They are also noted in the gods Odessi of the same Thrace under the same Gor- diano cusus, and there are obstacles in the gods of Phi- Lippopolis I will give the reason for these in the treatise you're talking about sports.

to drink

The agreement, which was when, behold It has already been noted in the autonomies.

With Nicasa of Bithynia legitimately in heaven Alexander Sev., Treboniani, Gallieni, who with pretensioned beacons, namely the type By-

--

THRAGCI A.

--

zants, they exist, it is certain that signa- tos of Byzantium AE. C.

+ +

See those marked with the name of Constantinople in the coins of the Bomans Rum Constantine M.

DEFLTVM

The Mediterranean, however, conquered the Euxine whether, in the north to the Panys way, Pliny: Develton with the pond, which sunc is called Deultum, of veterans, Vr- twice the position, current fortune, and nu- Cl. Sestine (Letter T. I. p. 10. ef again more copiously T, III. p. 149.)

Pigeons are known only in name from Trajan to Philip.

Epigraph: C. F, P. D. or COL. FL. PAC DEVLT Epitbeton FLavie He argued that the colony had been established by Vespasian. PACensis, to complete this term Harduinus teaches from Pliny, sayings from Ve- the affection of the Spasians towards the goddess Peace, to whom he erected the magnificent temple of Boma, as Yaillantius thinks.

He is more illustrious among the 4ypos, who in Gor- diani numo dyos rivers kumi lying si- stand, watch one of the lofty boats at tolit, you would like a ship pass through; from which it appears, Deultum to con- it would have been in a flowing position, except perhaps on the other side A pond is marked by a man reclining, of which

Pliny, — Silenus standing, in the forest of Macri-

ni (Yaill.), and Tranquillinae, (Sestini.) 4E. C. DOMENOPOLIS This city of Thrace will be treated as ambiguous below. in Plotinopolis.

——-A— 2.2 € E

: THRACIA.

HADRIANOPOLIS Mediterranea ad Hebrum fl. founder Hadrian l

Anthony :

The head of Serapides. € AAPIANOTIOAT TON. Isis standing with an eider and a bucket. AE. III. (Pellerin Suppl. III. p. 101.)

The head of Hercules. X The same epigraph. The arms of Hercules. AE. (Pembroke.)

Another Concord, see described in Nicopolis of Moesia.

AE. RRRR.

of the Empire.

Published in great numbers by Hadrian that to Gordianus. `

Epigraph: — AAPIANOIIOAIT ON, AAPIANOIIOAC€IT4Q)N, but in a god Ladies: AAPIANOIIOAIC. (Vaill.) `

The most varied types in such abundance Frequent in these the religion of the Egyptians procuring the founder Hadrian in this maddening

Magistrate jyspow, president of this tra- own

Sab Antoninus: HIE M. IIONT ca- . BEINOT (Vaill) HI'A. TI. OTOITIC KOT., as described in Theupoli; otherwise the same official is read in the name of Bi- zyae, Pautaliae, Philippopolis. Under M. Aurelius: HYE, TOTA. MAZIMOT (Vaill.) Suó Commodus : HT. COTA map KIANOT (Mus. Caes. Vaill.) HTE, IOTA. KA€TOT. (Vail) HDI€. IOTA, KA- CTOT (Mus. Caes.) It is also in the sky Pautalia Sud Severo: HL'€MOC TA- TIANOC. (Vaill) Suspicious reading, de which see Trajanopolis. South Caracalla:

(Fol. I1.) `

33

HTE. CIK KAAPOT, (Mouse, i whom He also has Pautalia.

The epoch in the god Severus was inserted €T. BZ Vaillantius seemed to find it. This Pellerinius jure Hadrianopolis Bi- He teaches that thynias must be restored (Rec. ii. p. 19.) no one had hitherto seen the city of Thrace a god who would prefer an epoch.

* from s Pellerinius does not doubt, (l. c.) more from the gods inscribed only AAPIANO- IIOAITON, whom Vaillantius had none of after the conquest of Hadrianopolis in Thrace, to restore Bithynia to the other. This is doubtful um types are not expedient for both they can meet. However, the device can to shed some light. When there is no other it is safer for those in Thrace to give a much more celebrated one. After all, those those who write qy44o»« are without doubt of Thrace, but compare also what is below to this Hadrianopol of Bithynia will be AE. C.

HERACLEA

The author of the museum of Theopolis and Sestine (T. IV. p. 93.) autonomous, Vaillantius (page 96) the emperors Trajan and Gor- the Dians emancipate Heracles of Thrace. Ho- judgments have already been sent on one subject others are overthrown, because Heraclea was then he was with Perinthus, which was a wicked city - The times of Gallienus under the name of Perinthus, Hera- clese never, he marked his gods.

BROWN 4

To the Aegean Sea, a rich city even with the sticks. E

34 THRACIA

Autonomous

MAPQNOŽ [/retrograde) Eguus di- widius, X A ram's head within a square. AR. II, (Hunter.)

. Bacchus head of ivy. corymbs Ronaeus with twisted horn. X MONTZOT. ZQTHPOZ. MAPQNITQN. Bacchus standing naked d. Boirum, s. atrophy, and two slags, monogrammed across the area. AR AE, 1, (Numi vii.)

An ancient god, and rare the brown mouse, the posterior approach Bac- Diodorus narrates that Chm is cracking. Sicilian of Osiris traversing Thrace: (L. 1, § 20.) a brown invalid while he had left them there he had cried in this region, He would build a man named MARONEA, What the Egyptians told about Osiris that on the part of the Greeks about Bacchus, but as the opinions of the ancients vary, Maronem Euripides said the son of Bacchus, (i.e. Cyclo- .pe v. 141.) Homer Erantheis, (Od, 5 v. 197.) except that this is the same as Bacchus. Why? in Athenaeus, Maron is not called con. ditor of Maronea Thrace, but Mareoti dis of Egypt (L. I. p. m. 33.). Numus al- Bacchus stops three times. And he was a Maronite The main reason for worshiping Baechi is generous the noble wine produced there among the ve- the dry dipnosophists chanted. Of Bac- Cho, armed with arrows, see the gods of the nation

Cornelia Blasionum.

* + d

Head of Bacchus crowned with ivy. X MAPAONITEON EIL MHTP.— NE- Oz. A cluster of pregnant vines within a square. AR. I, (Pellerin.)

MA, or MAP. All of it, or just

jumping for a long time 10 Let us gather within the square with the addition of various magisiratum names. AR, Ill.

Officials in these cities frequently read: EINI., HPAKAEIAE OQ, - EIIT, NOTMHNIOT. - EIII, KAAAIKPA- TEOZ — MHTPOAOTOZ in numo Medici, whom I have eaten. (Num. vet. pP. 57) Goltzius in a similar cloud near the square then closing the vine reads IIOZEIA€- NIATAN, and gave the money so much to Po- of Sidonia Lucania, I often remember myself be- I do not wish to remind the reader, not infrequently

Goltzius was really a stranger to the old gods.

to have affixed the inscription, which Rum happened instead, indeed Spanhemius Goltziano's coin on both sides

very similar, but inscribed IIO-

ZEIAIIIIIIOZ, but here too he was deceived Maronea dropped Goltzii's information, why? each god actually belongs, Posido- he looked at her. (Beger Observ. in whether, ant.) He returned the same coin more earnestly to Be- gerus, (Th. Br. T. I. p. 273.) but neither here he settled in Maronea, but from Poem to the Eretrians in honor of Posidippus tae comic Cassandrensie, and commen- the giving of the wine of the Mendaean perousum in vain Of course, he said, a guess.

Bacchus, bearded, standing undressed d. 6 oir s. thyrsus X MAPONEITON., Capricorn AE. ILI, (Mus. Princ. de Wal- deck.)

The cause of the capricorn seems here to be the gods Au taste marked by age.

AR. € AE, R.

of the Empire.

From Nero to Alexanus

A

THRACIA

drum, among whom Othonis is the most distinguished, which Seguinus published and approved (Num. sel. p. 136.) but he disapproved there- that Vaillantius, teaching, called Nero I ordered Otho to migrate, (p. 412.) to whom Morellius also agreed with the published judgment but his god's iconism. (Spec. tab. XXL) The epigraph is the same, the type I encountered. Magistrate AMXODIAOXOT, in numo Alexander (Veil.) AE. RRR.

HARVEST

At Euxine the last in Moesia, to whom And it was brought to some. i

Autonomous

Caesar's gauze preserves the signs of these the more illustrious of which I once published. (Num. vet. P 53.)

Helmet £ MEŽA, between the spokes of a wheel. AE. 11 (Mus. Caes.) |

Helmet € GOAL between the spokes of the wheel. AE, HH, (Mus. Caes.)

Head of a woman, MEZAMBPIANAON. in others: METAMBPIANJAQN, Pailas stepping s. He holds out a shield, d. a spear storquet, AE IIT, (Mus. Caes.)

Capat Palladis, X METAMBPIA- NO Wheel, AE. HI, (Pellerin.)

Head of Bacchus $ MEZAMBPIAN£N, Afi Beiras AE. TIL (Pellerim.y

This Thracian city by the writers almost constantly it was said Mivotnberc, ve- rum M. erapfeis changed of course Z in P, and H m A makes dfalectus. Doric

35

in the same way as in the gods we read OAZINQN and OATIQN, and in the god Lasi of Crete AATIQN. It was true that she was in the city a proper bed, certain from it, that According to Strabo, the townspeople were Megaren his colonists, and new colonists again and again from the Peloponnese coming to Aweruç Quiyovaci became Dorians, as it relates Pausanias *), the anonymous author of the peripli Euxine, founded by Chalcedon and Me- says Darius in the Scythians the wind, with which he feels and Eustathius 4), How the Mesambrians from the Dorii I ask to be told the origin of the letter AY. last god

Numus is cited in the second place with the epi- META graph it was already known that Gob tzio, but who knew him in ignorance rice MEŽA by mistake Metapontus tri- it was Until we progress in our studies, when there is an opportunity to compete with moms, After these things, carefully, and from the reasons I don't know Qaid, clearly demonstrated by mismatics comes to mind €l, Sestino, eur nu- mum similar inscribed META, rural Metapontus will withdraw °).

AR. RRBR 4E. R.

of the Empire. From Hadrian to Philip

the younger A wonderful inscription on the head of the god Caesarean Museum: ATT. KAI, TPA. A- APIANOC, AIC, CEB, of which see con- the shots of Froelichius f). In the god of Gordian at Neumannunr it is read: ATT. A.M. ANT l'OPATANOC may be similar to rs À

sense

c) in Attic, d) to Dionysus. v. 803.

IV. Tent. p, 184. E a

e) Éttere p. 51.

36

Epigraph on the gods of the Caesarea museum constant MECAMBPIAN QN, but if faith Veilantio, 'also M€CHMBPIANAN, M€ECE€MBPIANJXN,:

I met the types.

AE. R.

N I € 4 E 4.

When Froelichius saw, the gods went the leaders of the empires, and inscribed NIKAIEX)N in the type of three signs a large number of troops from Hungary to be brought, he should be advised of these things by a competent person by the author, they were in large numbers in Serbia I escaped, a certain Nicaea in this tract ' he inquired. And found besides Stephen who reports to Eub Naxus: óy9oq Oeaxns, a by various writers of the lower age a rare city in Thrace called Nx Nixa, Nri, When moreover tells Mar- cellinus, that Nicene was a soldier in Thrace the station, he casts, the gods, who make signs they prefer the military, not the Nicene Bi- of Thynia, but to this Thrace gift 8). These are the most excellent reasons for men indeed, they are not lacking in probability when I see, Nicome also in heaven day and Iuliopolis, which also belongs to Bithynia cities, similar military standards were set up taria, and to be entirely of the same fabric, I would prefer these gods in the old station to leave

Nicopolis.

Near the river, which JVesum, Nestum ap- they drive the authors, the god Mestus. she herself foreign

THRAGCI A.

of the emperor only from Commodus to Geta. Epigraph: OYAII NIKOIIOA€QC. IIPOC ME€CT Q. A type other than ignoble others: Months egtiés, rare in the forests of Europe,

AE., RR.

Pellerinius popularized the autonomus (Rec. I. p. 189.) and Sestine. (Letter T. IV. P-97)

Juvenile head. X NTZA, EN. IIAIO Mercury standing.. AE, III.

"When there were more Nyssa, these things with the mention of Paeonia he distinguishes, as Pauta- lia, of which soon. It seems to be the same with that of which Stephen a): 2:vrsea i» Oeuxn, namely, uncertain Thrace and on the borders of Paeonia, of which see more in- fra in Pautalia

AE. RRRERB.

Odessa St.

At the bridge towards Moesia, Milesius According to Strabo, the Roman colony was called the Scy lake Odesopolis P

©

Autonomous

Jupiter's head crowned. X. OREOT METAA^AOT. KTPZA. OAHŽITON. a wolf in uniform standing d. bowl, s. heart no forces AE, I. (Mus. de France, Har- duin Opp. salt p. 127, but in this nu- mo is only OAH, as in Pembroke- no P. II. tab. 34.)

The word KTPZA, auspicious. stop

PS A

8) IV. Tent. P* 321.

b) in Nuca,

L]

v

THRAGCI A. 31

she was born in Harduinus whoever considers it to be divided, should read- that: KTP." ZiAeazidog. (1, c.) doctrine not uncomfortable; for it favors this people nion type frequent in the numism of this ur- two imperial works, in which Jupe is represented like a piter standing with a bowl and a horn forces, and with a measure on the head; because and in pairs. the gods of Caesarea's museum in the ane two opposite heads of Gor- Dianius and Sarapidus with a lute and a horn forces From what it is made, the main thing that there was in Odessa the worship of this god, whom also by Ptolemy from Pontus in Egypt then it is established that what is being said has been translated elsewhere In marble at Reinesius le- it is: 9€0T. MET'AAOT, OAHCIN- A TON!).

Chapter Thursday, 10 OAHZITON. Fir horses at a slow pace d. horn of troops, below mono- gram AF IIi. (Mus. Caes.)

Horn of troops, which Sarapidi in Odessa we see constantly being added, persuasion let him be this knight himself Sarapide

Laureate male head. 10 OAHZI TQN. The river reclining with a radiant head d. bowl, s. horn forces, and at the same time in- the bottom of the urn, AE. III. (Mouse, Caes. Pem- brock.) |

I think that this river is not Panysum a lowly man, who testified to Ptolemy among Odessa and Mesembria go out to Pontus, 4B. RRR. 4E. RRR.

the emperor

From Trajan to Salonina.

i) Class. 1, n. 195. — , k) pag. 637

Epigraph: OAHCCIT (QN. Typi obvii, M games? AA^AEZANAPEIA. Jrna, Gordiani,

(Vaill.) Died in honor of Alexander M. the Dyzantians were also celebrated under the same Au-

taste I will give the probable cause of it

a treatise on sports.

HAIA rna, Gordiani, (Vaill.) Fuere these contests were devoted to the sole, of which see the gods of Syria. Both of them The cause of the institution was that Gordianus

like another Alexander the Persians in the sun

they were attacked in the east. The isolated letters E in some 4E, C.

PAVTALIA.

Mediterranean to the Strymon river, or at least near this one, as the gods will teach This city, which in the empires of Pau such is always said, in the autonomous se

he calls Panialia. It is said to Stephen IIo.

Tua poiga Oeaxns, Paetalia pars Thra- ciae £), but the place is either corrupted, as actually the alphabetical order of Stephen it does not follow, or these Paetalia are different it is from our Pautalia.

Autonomous x

Apollo's head ZIINNTAAEQO,EN- IAIN. Bull's head, AE. III. (Pellerin, Mouse You kill.)

A woman's head adorned with curls. X IIANTAE --- KNI - - The head of an ox if- a thousand AE. III.

I saw the latter in the mu-

"v

38

according to the letters of Christina, which I proposed, culling, the rest of the erosion. Another like it published in the museum of Theupoli 1), but in where the reading is intended: IITANTAAEO- NIAI (). Pantaleum, then, this city they call these gods, and in the same way they com- it is also driven by several to the writers of Rome, to whom it was so unjust Holstenius strikes a note of error 7), for it seems later that the old ap- of Pantalea pelting recalled.

Mention site: EN. IIAIC). than and we have seen above in Nysa's nume, by which these cities were said to be located in Paeonia they will be done Most of the Ma- They plant the sedonia, whatever it may be, that is certain at what time of this emperor They were signed by the gods of the city, that they were in Thrace inserted, since -ysuo»«c numis in- wrote that the magistrates of the province of Ma- He was undiscovered.

AE. RRR. To the emperor.

Copious from Hadrian to Elaga ball

Epigraph: TATTAAIQTON, and in- from M. Aurelius frequently OTAIIIAC. IITATTAAAC In one Advantage: IIAT- TAAIAC, OTA, (Mus. Caes.)

. There were so many different types, and I met them. they are brighter:

Fluviys recumbent dexterags horne coe puts the piee, the left Urn, «r gaa water it helped, the girls are standing trun ex vilke proméG, juxta BOTPT., for the feet of the river another boy, written next to API'TPOC, put the boy another se-

THRACIA

a tooth, near XPTCOC, at the bottom of the girl harvest, near CTAXT, in the forest of Cars- calla AE. 1

There is no other in the monetary realm mouse, in which the city will seek its land He will foretell the results of such a song. Ex stands in the museum of Em. Card. Stephen Bor- giae, and him Nicholas Schow singular He illustrated his dissertation in Rome. - Everything "The argument is easily explained. It is a river Strymon, as he arose from the god of Pantalia

to another BOTPTç, éoirus, and CTAXTSg, and the fertility of figs, violets, and corn,

XPTCOC and API'TPOC of gold and silver they indicate metals. This stretch from the excavation that he was famous, we will teach him in heaven Philippi, king of Macedonia. add witness another warning from Suida, (in Xevaog xo- AaQe»ig) who gold coins around Stry- Mona fl. remembers

A mountain covered with trees, whose ver- tice the lempum, another at its roots, and around the same three others, the left. three figs rae approaching, Caracalla. (Mus. Caes.)

' It indicates the type of local religion, but ew the rest of the reasons. unknown to us : * * *

I've grown older, yep

Syd Amonina: HI'€, M. IIOMIIH- IoT OTOIICICKOT. (Mouse, Caes. Vaill.) The same is read in the god of Bizya, and Ha- Adrianople, - HI'€ I'APL' TAI AN- TIKOT (Veill.) |

Under Aurelius: HERE, M. TOTAAIQT. MAZIMOT, (Vaill. It is also in Hadri- anopolis — HI'€, K, TOTAAIOT. MA- ZIMOYT. (Mouse, Caes.) 2

1) page 1287. m) Noah to Steph.

THRACIA

Sud lero: HCE, M. TOTAAIOT.MA- SIMOT (Mus. Caes.) -HI'€, l'APIPTAT ANTIKOT (Vail.)

Under Comfort: HERE, KA. ATTAAOT (Mus.Caes.) H E. KAINATEINOT.(Mus. Caes.) HTE. IoT KACTOT, (Liebe p. 300.) who is also in the name of Hadrianopolis,

Sud Severus: HI'€ T. AIAIOT, NEPA- TI. (Vaill) - HIE KAIKINA, AAP- TOT., (Mus. Caes.) It is also in the god Ser- say HI'€MO. C ,.. TIAIOT, BAPBA- POT (Mus. Caes.) When this god was brought together to others Anchial and Augusta Trajan, in which bus reads: HI'€ CT BAPBAPOT, vi- the truths of this magistrate are given in the name of the former himself: CTATIAIOC. BAPBAPOC

Sød Plautilla: HITE. CIKI. KAAPOT Collecting the gods of the Caesarean and Pellerian museums and likewise in another of Caracalla's Caesarean museums signed at Hadrianopol the names of those who have been recorded are released. ,

&. k Mention site: EN. IIAIQ. we saw in

autonomous, Aljam is supplied by S/rymotee the famous wing of Caracalla, Caesarea's museum, in whose bottom: CTPTM ON. Jir the bearded man eating he applies the right hand to the naoi, s. cane sat, and at the same time leaning on the urn, from which the heart of various geographical maps, and to whom Pautalia Hebro forbid, at least a long way from the Strymon ostrus, as Froelichius has already noticed.

. «E. C

PERINTHVS. The illustrious Vrbs at the Propontis.

39

Autonomous:

TON.KTICTHN.IONZOQON, Head of Her- cslis laur X IIEPINOIQN, AIC, NER- KOPQN. club AE. III, (Pellerin, Mus. Theop.)

HPAKAH. KTIZTH. The head of Hercules. X IITEPINOIQN. Head Bacchus AE. 1 liter (Mouse, Cat.)

And the founder and the birth of the city were these gods they preach, Stephen reports that he drew her name from Perinthus Epidaurus Orestes soldier But with Ammianus narrating °), Hercules himself founded Perinthus from co- called by his gentle name, they conspire me It is added that the cult of Hercules thus at invaded this city, as the Ptolemies had already done In the age of geographers it was called Perinthus or Heraclea, and in the lowest age Heraclea Pe- Rinthus, or Heraclea of Thrace, of whom see Cellar Yet Hera never cleae, always the name of the god Perinthi it was carried, contrary to the opinion of others, that I said above in Heraclea in Thrace. Of Pe- rinthi natalia read copiously disputing Buonarroti P). *

Jones is also commonly called Perintbii, and indeed, even in imperial affairs from Verus frequently, by which the testimony is established Marciani Heracleotae a colony of the Samians speaking eloquently.

The juxtaposed heads of Jupiter and Juno, whose a trigue flower threatens to wash. X ITEPINOIQN, standing goat AE, II, (Pembrock).

The head of Hercules. X IIEPINOION, Flos washed (in my Num. vet, p. 58.)

The Perinthians were worshiped by the Egyptians

n) IV. Tent. P. 206.

o) L. XXII, oc. 12.

P) Observ. is p. 182

-

40

addicts out of their money ties The god also represents Harpocrates Thevwpoli, Apin, Sarapidem, Isidem Hun- Terianus, we have in the present gods composed the Greek gods in Egyptian fashion toss, and since with Hercules on the opposite side joins the bath, it is probable that Her- an Egyptian snake born on the Nile, of whom Cicero 4), and what is stated in the cited work brought AE. R.

To the emperor.

They abound, and are from Claudius to Valerian Most illustrious, indeed the most important forms are sealed by the ruler Severus, since he made the city subject to him Byzantium, because this city bat, increased

Epigraph : IIEPINOION, with the addition of sae- pe IN () N, as I said.

Typi: they often propose the labors of Hercules. Some of the more important to mention vat: l:

Hercules carrying the Erymasthenian boar Eurystheus was amazed at this spectacle, and ez the barrel, in which he had received it, prospecting raising his hands high, Gordiani max. mode (Mus. Caes.) Getae m. m. (amani C. Vi- tzai.)

The same is also averse to that god Per- gami of Caesarea's museum, and similar, but ty- I see it published in Verona illu- Strata 7), Add Alexandrinos Antosini. In the god Postumus was written with a similar type is: HERCVLI ERTMANTHINO,

THRACIA

Hercules con- fgens, Gordiani, (Mus, Albani.)

The same type is also in the god of Nicaea. and Antoninus of Alexandria.

Bacchus standing half-naked d. to them Ariadne lying on the ground and drowsy saying Bacchus is surrounded by three satyrs astounded, a man standing beside the Philosopher you like him, bearded, clothed in a mantle, s. holding Scipio, in Alexander's head, (Numi max, mod. reg. Gell.)

This particular coin makes the combining signs of various characters site The argument belongs to Bacchus, who Áriadnen from Theseus on the treacherous island despondent and half-souled by pain he found, and vindicated himself, under Philosophical phi habit beside Silenus the teacher no doubt, for even in the gem the philosopher is false *), the same Bae- that he had handed down the precepts of philosophy it will be done t), and by Virgil on the nature of the occult Arguing in detail is introduced Y). Add 8y- nesius X), in the painting of Herculaneum Silenus also stands by the argument, but habit and usual worship y).

Juppiter seated with his right hand extended, s. ha- stand, above here the sun, thence the moon, hell two women reclining, and each heart with his forces softening, Numi ends the coast of the zodiac cus, Alexander Sev. (Num. max. mod. reg. Gall.) In another like kumi they recline on this side a woman, on that side a river. (Mus. M. Ducis).

Illustrious type of Jupiter heaven and earth according to the teaching of the ancients rambling

q) Of Nat. I owe L. IIT. t) Cess. Julian in Probus.

r) Part. III. p. 235 v) Eclogue. 6.

s) Winkelm, Pierre. heavy p. 236. n. 1470 x) Encom., bald y) Tom. II. Tab. 16.

uuum tmm mm Tam wm cz nr» vi

Thrace - ii

(IAAA€AOEIA. | TIEPINOIQN. N€OKOPAON, Hercules carrying a woman no sinisira ending in serpents pit, and the club raised to him attempts a blow. Severus max. mode (Pellerin Mel. 1. p. 74.)

The theme of God. is Echidna with Hercules first the quarrel, then his girlfriend, as it can be seen from the subjects of Pellerini's explanation tion Harus type in the records ve- but it was not discovered years ago many of Rome in marble work glyph, which was brought to the Cardinal's museum Alexander Albani by Stephano Raffeius vul- it was opened and opened. add witness Tszetzis from both the past: Exioðra neei Avia» otera xas nepahyy xoen, Echidna flees from Lydia a girl with breasts and head, crawling in hell. See a similar argument in Alexandria Antoninus

+ * €

Magistrate.

And indeed the first

``ETI'' IoT K€AIC. IIP€C. for which Vaillantius reads the purse: EMI. CTP IoT KEACOTT. as Pellerinius teaches, (Mel, II, p. 60.) in the god of Trajan.

EIL ANT, ZHNCYNOC, son of Faustina, (Pellerin.) This Ant. that Zeno was

then, it will appear soon below in Pbilippopolis. `

Presidents, yvycuorac, under Antoninus suf- the gods confirm the deeds:

HTE. IoT KOMMOAOT., in the name of An- tonini (Voill.) It is the same in the god Theopiris.

HI'€. ANTIKOT M.. Aurelius, (Veill.) It is also read in the gods of Antoninus Pius, et True Pautalia.

Numus Antoninus, in which he reads Vaillan. yours; TII, «DAB. AT'PIIIIICEINOT, rest to be protected by Topiro.

The magistrate is uncertain, who reads Ban- harder in Valerian's god: €IIT, ATIOA- A£XNIAOT, -

» ik *

Games :

AKTIA IITOIA Severus, (Vaill) ad- (PDIAAA€A(DEIA, Severi, (Vaill. Caracalla Aug. and Getae Caes, (Pellerin.)

«DIAAACAOEIA, scattered in the forests of Se- true

CETHPEIA, IIPQTA, of Severus, (Vaill. Acta Perinthi ITevra, from which Severus to him Byzantium was subject, as we have said.

HPAKAEGIA IITOIA Severus (Mus. You kill.)

€IIIAHMIA.B. CETHPEIA, 7ríiremis, above, the temple of Severus. Of these Epidemics see the treatise on Games.

* * s

Neocoratus, and thus simple for the first time in It is written in the book of Severus as follows: IIEPINOIQN. NEQKOPAQON. Vaillan- under the second concession Elagebalus established *), when, however, already under Severo numus with another neocoratou de- he wrote, who is also quoted in Theu- To these poles add the statue of Caracalla in the museum Inscribed to Caesarea and this AIC. NO- - KOP()N. shore ambiguity, which because of time He held the suspension of this honor repeatedly Pellerinius *). True only when it comes out Having given him to the command of Severus, he proves that

z) No. Greek p. 129 (Fol. Il.)

a) Honey 1 f. p. 289.

F

42

the mouse of Haymius P, in whose foreground Geta it is already said that Augustus is on the reverse side NEQKOPQN. It is agreed, only Getam two years before the death of Severus Augustus

stripped, within which so much time was spent

the other neocoratus From this time on I wrote to AIC three times. NEf)KOP4XN., or as , is in the god of the Gordian museum of Caesarea A.

NE€£)KOP.

e

Agreement with Smyrna in the forest of Gore

diani, (Haym.)) with Ephesus Gordiani. (They are watching.) AE. C.

PHILIPPOPOLIS

``Mediterranean to the Hebrew river, the name sat- sister of Philip of Amyntas. F However, The only one certain, which I have read from the Medi- ceo: (Num, vet. p: 59))

Head of Bacchus X trip AE. 2,

Bacchus before Delphic Apollo

He held a tripod, of which I spoke more fully there. More closely related to this is what Ma- orobius *) from Aristotle: among the Liígyreos . to be consecrated to Libero in Thrace then, en gno, the oracles are rendered; but in I'm just trying to make predictions plo, even at Clarium agua potala, efan- there is prayer Also by Euripides Bacchus at T'hracas rates is published 4):

``O Oen: par ime Duoresog Tode, `

Bacchus said these things at Tcracas.

ÞIAITIONOAT, l

THRACIA

And in the contests of Bacchus the prize

Athenaeus relates that it was a tripod °). Ni-

strange as Euripides testifies of Bacchus f):

Marrig F å Sepe dòs, To yag Baxye- go"

Kas Tto pavie0sg purring ROAN EXO,

'Oray yue ó Deos éig To ewp 49g roNug,

Ayers To [43NNOY. TUG PELNVITUG COIL

Indeed, God is here. Indeed Bac- chat

And the insanity of valicin" a great force has

For when this god took revenge in the body laughs a lot

It makes for crazy predictions.

It is true that the poets already mentioned Cassandra here and there

Bacchante, I am already dead.

AE. RRRR

of the emperor

From Domitian to Salonina. His coins of the most illustrious ruler of Cera- calla, as we shall see below in the Games.

Epigraph : PIAIIIIIOIIOAEIT ON, ÞDIAIHNIOIMOAELC , also EN: «bI. AJTIIIIOTIOAEL, in the gods of games.

Memorable names: Domitian bilin-

you are:

IMPACT, KILL, SUBJECT. AYG. Germ. COS. XI. A hundred THROUGH P.P.Caps! laurel € «DIAIIITIOIIOAEIT AN, Better . standing d, paleram, s. a branch for feet lying down In others: A soldier standing. AE. m. m. AE, IT, (Mus, Caes.)

I also published the same from Medici £). There is another in Theopolis, all with the same

b) T. IL. p. m. 336

.f).in Bacchus v. 298. 8) Whether, vet. p. 60

c) Sat. Le 1 c. 18

d) Hecuba v. 1267 e) L, IL p. m. 37.

THRACIA DEM

consulate XIII. What was the cause, why? The Philippians this year are so famous they signed a contract taken from Rome on the front side, uncertain. Maybe someone

they just imitated the secular games, which -

Domitian in the fourteenth consulship, with such pride celebrated

Types: often a reclining river, which He- It is a hill to which the city is situated. Others are more noble will be described below.

ác t i

Magistrate. First Ambassador

€3. ANT ZHNONOC. IIP CEB

"ANT. in the god of Antoninus, (Mus. Caes. Pel-

read honey II. p. 357.) It is the same in God Perinthi, another son of Faustina, popular from Haymius, and the tribute of Bithynia will be said to be similar in the prologue menis to the gods of Bithynia.

President, sy«po» in place of ambassador yielded to the command of the same Pius, as in Pe- we saw the rinth of the gods, and it lasted/ then onion |

Under Antoninus TICKETS (Mus. Caes.) The same is read in the gods of Hadrianopole, Peutalia, Plotinus polis, — HI'€, I'API'IAIOT. ANTIKOT (Veill.) It is also in the gods of Pautalia, - Hr€. M. IIONT cabin (Vail.) It is the same in Hadrianopolis.

Under .ureho: HLE. P'APPTAIOT AN'TIKOT (Vaill. also in the gods of Pe- of Rinthi, also of Pautalia, but with the head True

Under Commodore: HTE, M. AI. keep AIANOT, (Vaillant) — HID, COTA. MAPKIANOT (Catal, d'Ennery p. 476.)

HTE, IIOM, OTO

Sud Severus and Domna: HI['€. TIB BAPBAPOT (Vaill.) He is also a barbarian in the name of Pautalia, Serdica, and Trajan polis of Severus r"

Games : KOINON. ÖPAKQN. AA€RANAPEIA, (often joined IITOIA.) EN. "Give me or: W«DIAITITIOTIOAT, leather type, Caracal- lae m. m. (Vaill, Mouse, Caes.)

Several gods thus inscribed me-

Vaillantius resides, and only under Cara-

calla . Narrates Herodian b), Caracal- lam, when from the Danube into Thrace Ma- I would decline with awe at the concessionaires, regret Alexander M, escaped, his me- death, by the means by which he might have renewed it, pictures and statues throughout all the cities ordered to be placed , that here vaguely Herodias he goes on without mentioning the city. This happened when he was living at Philippopolis. from these very gods it is quite clear, com- fortify Thrace to following Alesan You must play these games. Indeed, in the god of another emperor Philippopolis because these plays are no longer read, the wonder of the townspeople in Alexander He would have been ordered to do so. a sledgehammer

IITOIA we saw with the Alexandrians combined The elegant type of the Pythians god from the god Elagabalus of Caesarea's museum i), in which there is no mention of these games rum, who, however, was satisfied and standing by Apollo and evil purposes are indicated, of which as the prize of the Hieronic Pythians, see the treatise on sports

h) in Carac. p. m. 548. 3) Whether, vet, p. 60

^

4

KENAPEICEIA. IITOIA, EN. ÞDIAIIT- IIOIIOAI. NEX)KOP(., Temple 8. col. Elagabali, (Mus. Caes. Vaill.) is also in in the Museo Pisani, but among the gods of Caracalla.

See a treatise on the unknown Ashes games and about the Games. | "I"

Metropolis, Under Severus this honor it is believed to have been done, for others know him as his god they withhold, others add.

Neocoratus begins under Caracalla, for the coin of Aurelius with the addition of NEQK. roll over then from Vaillantius it is so much more certain that gligere, when the same author later agreed himself, this city was rebuilt by Caracalla

k)

* e &

Mention the site. I

POAOIIH. The woman looked at the rocks. : the door, behind the shrubbery, Antoninus. Uh Sel. whether p. 155.)

Rhodope, a well-known mountain in Thrace, from which -

and the city itself was called AAodope; for in apospasmatio;, which is in the Hudson Geogr. min., Tab. IV. at the end of p. 43 read: Poor sj (Dovmranoug, Existimat Seguinus, the figure of a woman of Rhodes the pen of Strymon F. changed into a mountain. I add, the flower which he prefers with his hand, to see the rose with the addition to the city name AE. C. .7

Colony "There are the gods of Philip sen, and Marines:

W«DPIAITITIOTIOAIT QN. KOAQN [AC. S. C. Rome helmeted seated d. eagle

THRAGCIA

oui stand two kitchens, e. caste Philip the Elder (Vaill. Theup.)

litis, but the same Rome standing d. pa- teram, s. a spear, instead of feet (Arigoni.)

OEC, MAPINO I sat at the head of the sea placed on a flying eagle. Averted as in take I. (Vaill. Seguin. p. 182.)

Another, but reversed, wt in numo Il. (Theopolis.) $

All these Vaillantius at Philip- not this people of Thrace, but another He repeatedly teaches the signs of Arabia!). The reason adds: Táracica is indeed a worthy metropolis (Ale is marked in the name, but Arabic takes the title of colony, which Ma- he popularized the consecration of the rhine, el non Thra- cricket But Harduinus, and others after him Philippopoline of Thrace they recognize the parent rum, in which Spanish also tends to the opinion

ue-2). And when it is true, Marinus hailed in Moesia | the emperor much more likely, to him after death from the neighboring city of Thrace than from the remotest of Arabia Philip the police, whom the tanfÉ is less credible had favored Marinus, since Philip against whom he conspired, of his own city to recognize the founder. The argument in which Vail tries to establish his intention more powerful, of course it is slender. He said, Philip the metropolis of Thrace lin. I do not know what this means rich Or in these gods also added Shall I grant that he was a metropolis? But There are many more gods of this city, in

k) No. Greek p. 221. 1) Notes to Seguin. Pe 417. and in Colon, m) Tom IL. p. 254

THRA' CIA. 55

by which that dignity is concealed, as in to which is added As the same metropolis Could it not be a dispute, and a colony? against Thessalonica, Sidon, and Tire prove this etc. He denied it, Philippopoline of Thrace was there a colony? but who taught him, al- was the land of Arabia a colony? Victor's The words of the Scots are:

am in the town of Phiippopolis, speaking of Phi--

lip and Zonara: the rise (Philip) Bosiris, where he built the city He made it, and named it Philippopoline. In the same words Cedrenus Even Euse- bius, and his interpreter of the built a 2) There is no mention of colonies in these. However Vaillantius constantly ad- it will be, which he cannot prove that is, unless he had previously approved it, but that the question is, let us send these gods to Philip belonging to the people of Arabia. Although it is true is established by no clear argument, Thra- that Philippopoline was a colony, con- it stands, however, not a few in this tract cities, because of the barbarians in this age the raids on the natives would be exhausted, co- that they had been frequented by the lions, which clearly they teach the gods of Viminacia and Dacia; after not many years from Valerian, as It is similar to Thessalonica of Macedonia the colony was launched, and it in the same way as Philippopolis, with an inscription The Greek used is Vnicum, which I oppose may be quoted by Philip Vaillantius polis of Thrace a Greek coin with at the head of Salonina without mentioning the color nias, however, as in other abundant gifts

to whom, the cities, when the colony first re- to capture, colony information or address, or they never neglected to type. But don't however troublesome this knot is, for it was possible, that from time to time this city colo- He would lose his rights again, which is the same that it happened to Naples and Samaria from the same It will probably be said that they were brought to Philip, or the cited Vaillantius is another deity of the city, with an easy slip in the reading of the name ending in TIOAIT ON, because so many ur- It was characteristic of bis. Certainly in museums of the Austrians, which is known as Philippopolis because of their proximity they are more well-equipped the last god in the empire of Elagabali ca- give If these things are true, all these Phi-

the name of the colony of Lippi and Marinus

distinguished to the same Philip of Thrace Paul was a part of it, and it happened to these gods the same as the god Amphipolis, who Vail- lantia judge just at the time of Amphipoline The Palmyrene exiles finally dispersed the cause of the restoration of Amphipolis of Macedonia they are for you |

Moreover, we have not found what was the cause of Philippopolitis give the coin in the name of Marinus, and his also of consecration. If you throw away let Seguin come, and Span- hemium °). AE. RRR.

PLOTINOPOLIS

Mediterranea ad Hebrew fl, so call by Plotina, Trajan's wife, of the Empire.

Antoninus had thus far been betrayed,

») in the Chronicle. o) ll. cc.

—— X --

46 THRACIA.

Faustina jun., and Caracalla, Aurelius Sestinius recently added one.

. Epigraph: IIA(YTE€INOTIOAE€IT4AYN. I met the types.

Officials of Ņyspor in the sunshine of An- Tonini: HI'€. IIOMII OTOIIE€ICKOT,, which we have already seen in Hadrian's polis, Pautaliae, PISIOUE (Mus. You kill.)

*

It should be noted here that the max. mode Ca- racallae popularized by Arigonius:

IIAQTECINOIIOACIT ON. Two chapters women themselves the respect of which veiled protected river, below: ILAXC- T€INOIIOAIC,., left veiled tur- rite, below: AOMIINOIIOAIC. (yes) at the bottom: AACADPAT,

I leave it to others to find out what it is mentioned in this god of Domenopolis, by which name neither Thrace, nor al- any city of the country is betrayed. Ao- $a: it could be said in Moesia and Thrace Trajanopolis, Plotinopolis, Marciano polis, Nicopolis, indeed all of them in some way at least in the sense that it was founded by Trajan, as himself d): N$ag to say in the gods IV. Syria bes built by Seleucus. Perhaps these one of the spouses of Severus was called Domso polis in temporary name only, and again after his death was abolished. But it must be above all the true lesson of God lire, whose faith in the Arigonian letters per- is often suspected. 4E. B.

SERDIC A.

Mediterranean towards Moesia, to whom a it was inserted by some geographers,

i

Autonomous gods from the Hunterian Museum he published cl. Combius: Mercury's head covered with a hat, E Area

divided into four parts, within which the letters TPIA AE. 3, 4

I saw a coin similar to these in the museum private of Vienna, Eos Combius tri- he was "Priaditza of Moesia, or Thrace." Teste Cellario's authors conspire to om- nes, the city which Serdica was mentioned before was later called Triaditza. We learn from the gods, Serdicam still In the old age of Gallienus his name re- but who has easily persuaded himself To mark the city of the Mediterranean Thrace that the gods went by the name of Triaditza in an age when all the cities were governed by the empire hit the coin to stop? What that not choosing the makers of these pieces, and all their conformation to a higher theme They demand an open pore, Meanwhile, like this one They are not certain of the Triaditza, but of which city they are likely to be attributed in a certain way, I confess to not knowing, Kos late Sesti- I don't know to Triullus, which city of Macedonia he thought to give them, as you see

of the Empire. They proceed from Aurelius, and ezeunt oum

Gallienus

Epigraph: CEPAQN, or OTAIIIAC. CE€PAIKHC. and thus the marbles, and Peutin- geriana, but with the writers of the lowest age To the Greeks, and also to the Latins, it was called Sardica, according to which the futile CAPAIKCON Goltzii

. The type I met, even if his number was huge plenty of rum. ~-

Magistrate ġyepor, president, in three

-

TRAGEDY. A

betrayed by God; HTE. KA. ATIIIIOT MAPTIAAOT in two truths, (Mus. Caes) The same is also held in the god Anchiali, but with the head of Domitian This is Vaillantius, who has a coin from Leonardo Augustine, but by the author, as is clear, pa-

suitable rum, he recites. — HI'€M, A. EI-

THEE, BAPBAPOT, in the god of Severus, which the reading is not without suspicion of error. Compare Barbarum inscribed with the name of Trajanopus issue, - HI'€. KAIKINA, A-- in numo Severus, (Neumaun.) Whom less lacerations see in Pautalia. -

4E. C

T H E B-NE.

``The obscure city of Thrace from Stephen's no-

ta. Namus OEPNAIS®N by Harduino ex Eleuther- snow of Crete

TIRID 4.

Vrbs of Thrace near Abdera, already Pli- lost in age, who made that town Dio- He calls the wild horse-stables P). It is attributed to him by Combius,

Autonomous

He holds the bearded Hercules and the lion skin object., X T in the middle, ez quo two Goiri depend, below the letters Ñ I,

omaia isira EE AR III. (Mouse,

Hunter.) From these collected letters Combius effi-

' cit TIR, namely the syllable of this town

This is exasudy?e Convenient, though can scare us more from fables,

when true history is known, and they will be for- I will see you, to whom it is better to read THREE. tur, and whether it should be attributed to the Trieces of Thessaly.

TOPIRPS To the Aegean Sea

To the emperor.

From Antoninus to Geta

Epigraph: TOIICIP. TON, or: OTA- IHAC, TOIICIPOT -

The most frequent of the Æpis: Hercules naked sitting on a rock d. the club belongs to the nation.

Magstraius only the god of Antoninus I find the inscription:

€III, «DAB. ATPIIIIIIEINOT type Hercules sitting in the way I said (Mus. Caes.) from which there is no doubt Gendus Vaillantius, who rests in heaven very similarly reads IIEPINOIQN, (Num. Greek p. 45.)

€IIJ, IOT. KOMOAOT, in the same type in the two museums of Caesarea, and in a similar Vail- read more IoT KOPAOAOT.,, about which reading I doubt we saw the rinthi; TODAY IoT KOMMO AOT 4E. R.

TRÁAIANOPOLIS, which and AFGF- STA TRÁAI ANA.

Trajasopolis inland to Hebraus fl. speaking of the founder himself.

4 The order of the court. From Aurelius to Gordianus

P) L. IV. 9.18

— ——————— —'ÉEENEgr Emo rmn 7 mco

"TEE! THRACE -

Epigraph: TPAIANOIIOAEIT NN. I met the types.

Magistrate : Hysa

HI. AKIAIOT.in numo T (Vaill.)

HI'€MOC, TIB. BAPBAPOC, in nu- mo of Severus, (Vaill. Sen of which see

just below

* ik

tk , Augusta Trajana, which is the same whether with T'rajanopolis, will soon be discussed.

of the emperor

inscribed ATl'OTCTHC, TPAIANHC. from Aurelius to Geta

Magistrate: Yes. -

TODAY TOTAL MASIMOT, in the forest Aurelius and Veri. (Vaill. Theup.) The same read in Hadrianopolis and Pautalia.

HI'€MOC. TATIANOC. comfortable, (Veillant) whom Hadrianopolis pre- let him say '

TODAY T. BAPBAPOC Severus (Theop.)

HL CT BAPBAPOT Severus (Mus. You kill.)

Domestic officer:

EHI, or TII. I. CIKIN. POTODOT Caracalla, Plautilla, (Arigoni, Vaill.)

d :

The question is whether Augusta was Trajan the same as Trajanopolis. To be, who nu-

``customs inscribed ATl'OTCTHC TPAIA

NHC Sarmizegetusa tribe of Dacia rent, which faith marble Colony FI- the pious Trajan was called Augusta Dacia, and Froelichius also swam d). True to this city of Dacia, these gods could It is obvious that these things from that time

where it appeared to the Romans, it was a colony, whose mention as little as other ur- bes the honor of the colony would have abstained, and I do not know why that colonial city lest Greek should be used, when other cities in Greece itself, and its central constitu- so, as soon as the colonies were launched, They would almost always use Latin, and not at all As the monument states, the colonists of Dacia It was frequented by the Greeks, when it wandered from the device of numbers and the mention of ye it is certain that they are of this tract birth, nor in it except Trajanopus lin states of another city, which was founded by T'raja- It does not seem that he had drawn an appeal between TPAIANOIIOAITQON, and AT- l'OTCTHC TPAIANHC. distinguish while, unless we also want to distinguish in- three CEPAQN, and OTAITIAC, CEPAI-l KHC, -~ or between IIATTAAIQTON and OTAIIÀC. IITATTAAAC, or even to distinguish between Istria and Istropoli Odessa and Odessopol, Skodra and Scodropolin, Solos and Solopolin, Cera- mum and Ceramopolin. |

In the explanation of these numbers ra dictated Harduinus. to which you combine the issue, which in Acts. salt argues, (p. 171, and 176.) Sarmizegetusa and Trajan- the polis of Thrace seem to be one and the same to be a city, others these gods of Trajanopolis of Phrygia, and others of Augusta of Cilicia to wish to be former, whom to reject above

is vacant

* *

The difference between the gods of this Trajan polis, and that of another Phrygia as well

4) IV. Tent. p. 278

a

CHERSONESVS THRACE. 49

can be determined when the magistrate is added for in that there were ýyepoves, in this ac fortune In others sometimes the device and types bring light. But I do not agree cam Froelichius, who was the head of Caracalla because of the type of Cybeles of Phrygia hil is given timidly 7). Cybele scattered in offered to the gods of the cities of Thrace.

AE. C.

TRIADITAZ 4. See above in Serdica.

TYLES

Numos TTAIZION by Liebe and others to this obscure city of Thrace to be attributed to Tylissus of Crete, to nu- We will teach the customs of this city.

CHERSONES, THRACIA.

Peninsula of the Aegean Sea, Hellespont, A number of cities were intercepted of any name included, which are here dis- we took His peninsula is called a god We have none, for the registered XEP. or XEPZO are the Chersonese Taurica or Crete.

AEGOSPOTAMVS

The river and the city, near as famous the battle was broken: by Lysander of Athens maritime forces

Autonomous.

"The head of a woman surmounted by a crown £ AIL'OZ, IIO. Caper. AE. HE (Mus. Caes, Haym.)

To allude to the name of the city, that the goat marks the river, no one does not he sees

AE. RRR.

4LOPECONNESVS.

According to the geo-

7) IV. Tent. p. 279 (Fol. IJ./

not all graphs, as he taught Pliny, an island, to which the second part of the term he imposed

autonomous

A woman's head. € A AKLIIEKON. Diota Next to the fox and the herd. AE, IIT, (Pel- lerin Suppl. I. p. 13.)

I type the name of the city again Stephen tells the oracle

commanding the city to be founded in the place where

fox cubs, «ħwrsxoç, new settlers they would see, Scymnus her Agioev» moo

he calls AE. RRRR.

CALLIPOLIS .

"I see the futon name given to this city in the museum of Theupoli, thus described: Shield. € KAAAI -- Fas ansatum, AB. He. But this is undoubtedly one of the Boeotian ob- ways

Trajan's empires were published by Pelleri nius, (Suppl, III. p. 130.) in whose X

G

50

Apollo standing with a lyre, and on the orb written : AIIOAAQN, KAAAMT, Hoc the latter word indicates either an epithet of Apollo, as: x«AArreogcemog, or xaN- Toxauog, or, what is less likely, ur- well, and then it could be of this Callipo- issue, therefore Numis would make them certain. a

C. RD I 4.

On the Isthmus of the Chersonese, the Eam peninsula the greatest said Demosthenes +), but ever- sa is from Lysimachus, who is near his city He founded the name t).

Autonomous

Head of a woman, X KAPA, Egugs pas-,

I think AR, III. In another: KAPAIA. Stepping up AE. II. (Pellerin.) A bearded head within a square X. si- not even an epigraph. Cor. AR. III, (Pellerin.) The type of heart, which the Greeks x«gi, e supplies plenty of graphene. AR. RRRR. 4E. RRR.

€ 0 E L 4A.

Inscribed in the name of the municipality several exist from Antoninus to Yo- Julian

Epigraph: AEL. MVNIC. HEAVEN or COIL, or COELA, or CVLLA, addi- to the gods of Caracalla ANT.

Preferred type: Overhead half-ship . fe cornucopiae, ln other usual coloniaruin types: Wolf with twins, Silenus, etc.

For a long time there was a dispute between the antiquarians, ad what city are these gods referring to, Har-

s) Philip. III.

CHERSONES

t) Pause. Att. c. 9.

THRACIA

already thinking of Caelius of Apulia, already this very Hell of Thrace, already Eliberim or Iliberim of Aquitaine, at Spanhemius Coelobriga of Spain, and finally, Vaillantius, whom most the stock followed, Coello or Coillu Nu- at noon Belleius, finally, solidified them ar» Gumentis to this Chersonese Coelae xit 9), Variation of letters. OE, OI. and V He did not argue about different cities, for like the Latins He took care to say, the game, the municipality, and so on

. coeravit., toiravil, loedos, loidos, moenici-

pious, humble

Named after the emperor AEL. namely Ae- lio Hadrianus, which is so probable, had been the initiator of the municipality. Antoninianus in the gods of Caracalla ex in this name.

*

In the likeness of God when some read MYN. FANE AEL., the tribute was already Fano of Vmbria, already Aelius Fanestri Hispa- nieces, as I said above in Fano Vmbriee. AE. R.

Lysimachia.

Built by King Lysimachus from the ruins Hearts torn from him, and oer his name called

Autonomous

Epigraph: ATZI, ATZIMAXEQN.

Type: Head of Apollo X Leo. - Ca pul Hercules beardless, X Victoria, - Ca- lion's den 10 spikes AE. IIl.

Leo, too frequent in Lysimachia, but not for that reason; that Cardia, in whose

u) B. L. T, XXV. hist. p. 102.

THE ISLANDS OF THRACE

rose to that place, she used this type, as Pellerinius objected, but because the lion Lysima, who died in the bronze gods chus itself, from which the type is here in seasoned He moved away from the city on his own.

AE. RR

Reign. With the head of Lysimachus, which see in fra in the gods of this king of Thrace. SESTPS

To the middle of the Hellespont, to which in facing the bank of Asia, Abydus answers, both that once Leander and Herus were in love shield

Autonomous

.. A woman's head covered. X ZHZTI Mu- lier sitting d. two brands, to be seen, jux- that Hotma AE. II, (Pellerin.)

51 Apollo's head X ZHZTI, Tripus. AE III. (Pembroke.)

Head of Wednesday, 10 ZH. Lyra, in the field A. AE, III. (Mus. Borgia.)

P AE, RRR.

Emperors: i

From Trajan to Philip of Domitia did Sestinius add *).

Epigraph: CHCTIQN.

He is more illustrious among the Greeks:

Leander was swimming in the strait, and Hero was carrying lighting the night from the lamp of the tower Caracalla, (Mus. Caes.)

Lyra, Trajan and Hadrian. (Vaill. Pel- read.)

Not even the type of lyre in the imperials Abydus rarely uses opposites, as in ad to indicate the townspeople of both cities the old harmony of both lovers based on plow

AE. RR

INSFLAE 4D THRACE.

LAEMNPS

In addition to Goltzius, the gods suspect another published by Arigonius, in which the head of Vulcan and his attributes, and the epigraph ATM- NOC additional 4 buttons y). And the epigraph and the beads overturn the judgement, and there is no doubt whether this is Populonia Etruria, therefore, by the name of the whole island no one has so far been definitely betrayed. In it protects the city

HEPHAESTI4A.

Autonomous,

Male head crowned. £ HPAI Aries set up a few lamps. AE. IH (Pellerin, Mus. Caes.)

Apollo's head with laurel. 10 HXODAI Lam-

burning, near the cap of the Dioscuri, or üáries AE. III. (Pellerin.)

To play the lamp to the Vulcans, It will be clear from those things that are similar to money

x) T. IV. p. 96.

y) Tab. 9, among the three

G 2

52 I will observe the Athenians, I do not think that he would advise Lemnus to cease Sacred to Vulcan, and hence to the Greeks

Unfortunately, he had taken the name of Hephaestia. 4E. RRR

IMBRP St.

A small island near Chersonesus,

Autonomous :

Head of Pallas, X YMBPIQN. A woman standing dressed d. bowl, s. the lyre in another for a lyre holding a horn of troops, AE. 11 (Pel- read.) :

- AE. RRRR.

N E 4. An island near Lemnus, of which see

Pliny 2), and the commentator Hardui- whether

Autonomous :

NO. Head of Aesculapius 10 Pallas winged helmet marching like Victoria d. laurel, s. palm, AE. II. (Pellerin.)

Head of Pallas X NE, (in monogr. 7 No- c. AE. IIl. (Pellerin.)

Pellerinius, for both reasons to this island he attributes the types of Pallas according to Pliny, Neam Minerva cram, but the same Plinius Neamus of Troas mentions the town in which the image

By the miracle of Minerva, so much so:

nothing certain can be pronounced about these gods site De Pallas winged see the gods Agatho- clis of Syracuse

AE. RRR.

THE ISLANDS OF THRACE

Er S4MOTHRACE. Opposite the gates of Hebri, an island of mysteries and the nobility of the religion of the Cabirs,

.« Antlonotmi:

Head of Pallas * ZAMO added va- rio magistrate: Z(YyKAE. — MHTP, — IITOO, Seated woman with her head protected d. bowl, s. spear, AE, III

I had once had a similar interlude *). More seriously when they met several others, in which the invariant bus ZAMO, with variants con- I saw, in ŽA- MO, to seek the people to whom

"these gods should belong. And it pleased Samo-

Thrace, since the Comma of Samos The genes are of a different type, and the device is cruder. Pellerinius published a similar one, in which with read IITOO, the rest of the address ex- crushed, he perpetrated at Pythopolis of Bithynia (b) We now have three the gods of this island with a triple variety magistrate, two of whom are in the museum In Caesarea, the third in Pellerinian.

A woman's head. X ZAMOOPAKJQON-- EIPX) NOZ. standing fries, below: TPIO- BOAO. AE. II. (Hunter.)

Here the name of the island is fully understood. the script stops. Added TPIOBOAO. pre- of this god, he expresses three obolos.

AE. RRR.

THASVFS.

An island of great wealth, as evidenced by the incredible currency ar- plenty of people

7) L, II. 6. 89. and L. IV. $. 23.

a) No. vet. p 309.

. b) Rec. He. p. 25

"THE ISLANDS OF THRACE

Autonomous Bearded head of Bacchus and crown of ivy start, X OATION Hercules the lion — I lie down with my right knee bent in a bow he says, in the area from here BA. yonder VO above no blue lizards, all within the square then AR. III. (Mus. M. Ducis.)

The same reverse. X OAZION. Hercules of the same ratio within the square, AR, T (Pellerin.)

The former of these I once published mum and singular *), it is here to be considered the most ancient of the island, cusus at that time, the Qao dialect was still Doric It happened that Thasius had been away from Dores. reports Strabo, who founded Thasus brought from Paris by the islanders; but these themselves are witnesses Stephen was there, colonists from Arcadia and . They came out of Crete, which lands the Dores held.

Obverse images of Bacchus and Hercules in Thai currency. He encouraged the worship of Baochi the excellence of the wine of Thasii, great among the . grind drinkers of the name The cult of Hercules was ancient in this island, for Phoe- nice that he had erected a temple there, when ad they had gone out to seek Europe, rat Herodotus, who also adds, T'yri quo- that stood the temple of Hercules Thasius leg 4). Harduinus kneeled down this man and Perseus holding his bow F. thinks, relying on the testimony of Pollucus, that the nar- rantis, Thasius this hero in coin signed *), which opinion favors the author tate of Pliny teaching f) Persian archery the art was brought forth by the same Perseus. True with Hercules in other cities also

"e

53

the god will frequently enliven the weapon, and the same the chief honors in this, as I said the island has been decorated, having also been registered in I met with the gods, of whom I will speak shortly, his very own name, we do not suffer ourselves to be received by another rum opinion. Hercules seems to be happy, and what kind of in these gods is painted, elegantly described bitter from Homer 8): | - Ó Ò ECEN wife EOINOÇ lugo» ToÉ2» £c» , xai eni veveypw distort, eio» tan TGIyOW, kist BUNEINTI éoixog. t/le is like a dark night Naked - having a bow, and to the rib arrow Keeping a grimace, he always looks like he's been ejaculated. The letters of the former name BA, and I'O, expli-

I don't care. s

* * *

The head of Hercules the beardless lion roof € OAZION. HIIEPO the trip on the ground Av. III, (Pellerin.)

A super deity with a metal and erudite. domain, as well as what has hitherto been the only one. T'ha- if not only in the island itself there are riches of gold to hold the mines, as Herodotus relates &vronTyc B) , which was the reason why once upon a time it would be called Xevox v400g, golden island witness Eustathius i), true and richer others on the continent of Thrace, of which one there was Scaptesila in the region of Thas from which Thasius had drawn immense wealth Herodotus reports in the same place, the other Given near Strymon by the Tha- and having led the colonists to it, so that there is Eustathius k), which from time to time Philip.

c) No. vet. p. 61. £) Od. A, 605

d) L. IL c. 44 h) L, VI. c. 46-47.

i) to Dionysus. v. 517

e) Onom. L, 9 c. 6. f) L. VII. p. 415 k) ], c.

5 "o

Ámyntae's pus he subjected to himself, seasoned therefrom

by the name of Philippi, as in these nu-

but it will be said

When in the present numo is added HITEI- PO, which is no doubt set for Hrs: Q^, of the continent, is certain, sealed - him in either of these mines in the eon- you are thirsty But he fights for Deto a distinguished mouse, present in the name of the Thasians both the type of both parts, and that he is also aureus, very similar, and the only in-

writing "diaitiion differentiating, Quo

. we are taught, of course, the Philippians, the new Da- you expelled the inhabitants of Thasii, according to the the model of the coins of Thasia he continued to forge. Pellerini's explanation differs somewhat, especially in that in at the head of Philip II. imagine he sees him, he is a young Hercules to me, in I met here and there in the cities of the gods.

+% m + *

The veiled head of Ceres, X OAZION, Heads of the Dioscuri within clusters, AE. He (Haym.)

We have the case of Ceres from Dionysius Periegete!), to whom Thasus is called Ayuyre- qoc áxTh, the shore of Ceres, because, as he adds there Eustathius, an island blessed with fertility.

E &

The head of Bacchus with ivy and corymbs ronatum, put the ram's horn on the wall. X HPAKAEOTZ ZQOTHPOZ. OAZI QN. Hercules standing naked d. club, s. lion's hide AR. 1. Are they given and similar gold, uncertain, he who is in mu- He was fused with Caesarius.

No other city in Greece has so much

THE ISLANDS OF THRACE °"

He gave the tetrarchma number, which she the large profits which he obtained from the mines pere Thasii, are clearly proved, It is true that this type of currency was also valuable among the barbarians, and from these gods to ho-

that the modus operandi was completely exact

cussos, the argument is that with great nu-

the gods of Thasius are merely found to a nation of the same weight and integrity, the truth is written, and the epigraphs of the letters are so barbarians and dispossessed, so as to whomsoever I may be the statues of the Greek Thasians you cannot possibly recognize the work. are in which points or buttons they undergo their turn, and they follow the same law placed as the letters themselves in the true Thassies. A large part of these a.Dacis bar- the bars had been sealed, so it was easy to colli- gas, that a large quantity of these rum as well as barbarian manufacturers those days he was rescued in Transylvania. Simi- lem of ugly work with the name Co- see the king of Thrace in this warning this, in which place, another to this argument I will inform you of the relevant matters. Witness Pausanias T'ha- They dedicated the Olympiads to Hercules 10 cubits, d. clove, s. bow holding 7),

* € *

The joined heads of the Silenes resemble Jasni. 10 OASIS Bimae diotae comirario sefw. AR. III. (Pellerin.) i

A strange type of both parties, and uncertain this meaning, in the same situation as the diotas in - reverse of this god, in the coin of Istri Moe- you see the two heads joined together.

1) v. 523. m) L. V. c. 25

Mr

e

KING OF THRACE '

^ *

Diana's capt. "x OASIQN. Hercules He shoots an arrow. AE. ID, (Mouse, p.s. p. 10.)

F. BRRR. AR. C. 4AE. RR

of the Empire.

Very rare. So far only two co- gniti inscribed OACIWN, one Caracal- lae, (Pellerin.) another of the Getae, whom ex

it is

in acquiring our industry, ex-

and folding the heads of the kings of Thrace the erudite Cary scoffed at the remarkable publication that careful little work, in which their hi- He painstakingly described the history and the gods and folded. To him, what you read here you will owe the rake, adding only to those things she was unknown to the distinguished man, because later brought forth into the sun, the kings of Thrace not I die, who loves the gods, Teren 1, Sitaleem, Seuthem I., Maesaden, Seu- them IT., Amadocum, Teren II., Co- tyen L., Chersoblepten, whose business ge- ask from the indicated source

SEPHTHES Hl.

He entered the kingdom about the year Y. C. 429, Hosted by Alexander M. this death and his leaders divided the provinces among themselves Lysimachus took the lot of Thrace He repels them by force, and keeps them quietly.

Nami:

A bare, bearded head. € ZETOOT.

Cursed horse quote. AE. III. (Cary.)

56

museo M. Ducis edidi ») fn both: Hercules marching with his attributes

Even here Vaillantius recalls the gods with the head of Domitian: EMI ATAOQ- NOC, 94A. or: €III, NEOKTAOT. OA. Juppiter sitting d. spikes, s. a spear (Vaill. Mus. Caes.) but what a sentence it is less certain. Spikes are more unusual attributed to Jupiter

AE. RB

KING TH Rh 4C I A E

Pellerinius added another: (Rois p. 35.) Diademed head of a woman, X BAZIAE. ZETTO .4 a naked chicken sitting on a curtain d. He holds a weapon. AE. 3. But I fear that Seuthi should be proper to this. The learned man himself tus him or a device, or a similar type Seleucus I, says the Syrian god; to be written it had also been ZETOO., not ZETTO, and, as I have learned from a suitable author, who examined the coin with care The true epigraph of God is: BAIZ. ZETT. Whence it may be suspected that he was indeed Seleucus, but scratched from a crude coinage after the example of his other figures in Syria

of the king . AE. RRRR. Lysimachus St.

He was born in Pella Macedonia, after grew up, from liberal arts studies, and a great name in military science was obtained, and leading the armies from Alexander the governor, this dead By agreement of the Roman leaders, he carried off Thrace,

. 2) Whether, ret. p. 62.

56

and Seuthe III struck it, and subjected it to V. C. 433. Wars with various rival kings fortune has generally been successful, ad- thrown even after the flight of Demetrius from the rights to his Macedonia, after his other wives Ama strien married the queen of Heraclea Pontus and Arsinoen of Ptolemy Phila- Delphi's sister, whom he instigated with Aga Thoclem, the son of another thor, and about himself In various wars, he was eminently worthy of death he would add, alienated from himself by the minds of his own people

in the war, attacked by Seleucus, and brought together in Phry-

gia signis was killed in 5. C. 472. annos 1ia- . you are about 80

Name: Helmeted head of Pallas. 10 BAZIAE- -Q2. ATZIMAXOT, Fictoria standing d. laurel, s. Iridenlem, in the area only AV (Pellerin)

The head of Hercules the beardless lion roof XBAZIAE£(12. ATZIMAXOT. Juppiter sitting d. eagle, -s. spear, in a lion running in the field, a horse in another's field a winged marine, and half a lion. AR. 3, (Mus. Caes.) .

These two "gods" were unknown Caryo. Let us be taught by these, Lysimachus ve- that he recalled the types of Alexander M. teres, that and by other kings his successors then we will see. Most likely, they are signed then, when he subjected Macedonia to himself. Ta- men are used with foreign types, lions especially, as we shall see, the bed is not forgotten, the sea horse nu- makes me suspect the last born at Lampsacus in Mysia. agree

9?) Comment. rep. Rom. L. XII. c. 1.

4

KING OF THRACE

Lysimachus, many cities of Asia Minor, Ephesus itself for a while to have harmed

$ * *

King's head ram's diadem your horn € BAZIAEQZ. ATZIMA XOT Pallas seated d. Fictoriola, s. ka- slam, and at the same time leaning on the shield, across the floor various magistrates, | attributes, and voice savings, mentioned below. Av. m, m AR. m. m. also 1 and 3

No golden ar- and nations in greater numbers. are held, no a golden lick so weighty to behold. Ex- there are four in the Caesarian museum, where each of them hangs two drachmas IV. when he sowed and 13 grains, two others each one completely one ounce with the dragon ma, and 27 grains. Golden 11 forms generally more affordable than silver, but ho- and most of them because of the typos little ni- | I have already said in the Prologue general mens cap. XI. How much co- this pious powerful king struck the golden gods has taken care of the waves, except that ho- every day in great numbers from the hiding places of the earth they are rescued, that is one argument, that reports Latzius °), a Wallachian fisherman in the Istriga river more than 40,000 criminals, and most of them distinguished by the name of Lysimachus.

. In all these gods the head of the king take away, and boast of the ram's horn, Span-

Hemius, followed by others of Alexander M.

as that used by Lysimachus to criticize, but I have tried elsewhere P), fa- This is why it is necessary to lead a race

Q) No. vet. p. 63.

KING OF THRACE

by Bacchus it was believed eloquently that in the same way with the Ádulitan marble rent Bacchus and diadem, and like a ram you see the horned one in the forest of Nuceria Alfaternae

It should then be noted that these inscriptions were called la whether whole or truncated ZKOZ TOKOT., or ZQIIT. to be officials It is self-evident, in the second sign of silver, which I published from the museum Savorgnan 35, le- it is in the area of EKATAIOT, below KAA- XA There is no doubt that later this vo- the hair of the noted KAAXAJ3o»$ , of which a probable connection with Lysimachus I did not propose there by any inference. In similar to gold and silver they frequently compare their vocabulary with you principles, BT KAA. L2. TO chair cushion cris included, the meaning of which is not discussed I dare say something certain.

On the bad faith of the gold coins, in in front of which: ITHNAIOZ. KOIQN. on the reverse or: BAZIAE (1Z. ATZIMA- XOT., or clothes. 8. C., whom in Ly- Froeliehius 7) lists will be made more abundantly in the coinage of the island of Cos, and Livia Augusta

* i %

Helmeted head of Pallas. 10 BAZIAE- NZ ATZIMAXOT Running time, in area lamps, hair shafts, and sonograms bad, AE IIT, (Mus. Caes.)

Horned diademed head of Lysimachus. i ATZIMAXE (N. Loo running, AE. LI.

(Cary.) l Juvenile head diademed E Same reverse, AE I. (Pellerin.) q) No. vet. — r) Not, elem. p.150 x) L. VIIL c, 4. (Vol. II)

8) L. XV. from 3

ST

Lysimachus was not happy with the lion we only see from the sky, but also from of gold and silver of the state, in which i» at least on the floor of the god. From Ale: the object of Xander the Lion, which Calisthenes a philosopher, his own in philosophy by the orders of the master, whom the king of intrigues the suspect was to be tortured by a slow execution he had betrayed, he had made a supply of poison, so bravely the beast escaped the danger, as reports Justin *), others quoted by Ca» ryo t), Plutarch also narrates Y), amas- Lysimachus to flaunt himself the scars of lions' claws. But Cur- Alexander's revenge which he thinks in fables, adding, a lion killed by Lysimachus in the hunt X). what- what will happen, probably always, of this cause That animal of Lysimachus's wild virtue that the coin had been inserted. This then con- Lysima adopted the emblem of his benefactor chia, by which the two gods were sealed. and HJ

The other offers the head of Lysimachus to the deity very juvenile, which is so Lysima- He cannot be who is at least 40 years old. already completed, when he founded Lysimachia

he says It is probable that the son of Aga-

a young man of great strength and a successor had already been appointed, whom he defrauded We have spoken of the wickedly slain of the stepmother. + Head of Hercules beardless lion. you got rid of roof, BA ZI ATZL within the crown dinner AE. III. (Mus. Caes.)

Av. and AR C. AE. R.

He succeeded SELEYCVS, whom after VII.

month in Thrace from the middle of the kingdom t) page 40 Y) in Demetrius c. 27

H

58

Philadelphi, and Arsinoes Lysimachus vi- two brothers Macedonia itself immediately and Thrace. he invaded, but from Gaul. defeated and he was killed, to this Ptolemaeus gives Carius, on the obverse of which: IITO. AEMAIOT BAZIAE (YZ. Fulmen, mo- tus, of course, by this very type of lightning, which He thought that it was connected with the name of Cerauni. Ve- rum set up monogram, which in MADLA is resolved, like the gods in Cy- It evokes the Renaissance. From the French onwards in Thrace was troubled, as it should be said more copiously in Macedonia, while he reigned again the natives would return, who according to the examination Cary was Seutheg IV., Cotys Il., Diegylis, Zibelmius, Sothimus, Sada- lessons 1

COTYS Ill.

He reigned in Thrace at the time of the civil war vile Caesar between and Pompey, with the right was also part of Pompey's mission of his people, A Caryo is attributed to him

Iu mu Ss.

Head royally crowned. X KOTTOZ Eagle standing. AE. IV, (Pellerin.) AE. RRRR.

SADALES He.

Cotyos III. son For Pompey Ho was present at Pharsalus.

Whether ws.

Diademed head of the king, X. BAZIAE- WHAT, -- AAAOT. Eagle standing. AR, 11

KING OF THRACE Ptolemy picked up Ceraunus of Ptolemy.

Carius Sadali II. before the first three to wash He thinks that the conjecture is indeed impossible but, nevertheless, in this darkness,

AE, BRRR, —

RHOEMETALCES Ì.

Brother Cotyes IV. just died, his that of the children of Rhascuporides, and of another anonymous guardian Expelled from Thracian Res- he took care to restore Augustus by sending Piso He himself went to his nephews, having escaped his life He is called the king of Thrace.

`

Name:

BAZIA€(,Z. POIMHTAAKOT. Ca- and the diadem, in addition to that of his wife hair € KAIZAPOZ. ZEBAZTOT The naked head of Augustus, scattered in other ca- with the hair of Livia, and with the capricorn attached. AE. THEM. (Cary, Mus. Caes.)

- Placed next to this god a small ca- there is no doubt that he is the son of Cotyos V. of which soon

POIMHTAAKOT chair safe spear X ZEBAZTOT, Capricorn, a horn of troops, a spear. AE. III. (Cary.)

A chair is proposed by Augustus ho- sent to the king's friend for the sake of we shall also see in the kings of Bos- poranis, in a similar manner at Neumann's sel- a youthful cap is placed on the curule, perhaps again Cotyos V. y). ` AE. R.

COTYS F. and RHAÁASCVPORIS.

He was the son of Rhoemetalcis, this was his brother. Au- assigned a part of Thrace to both

—— ——————— ———' a t elc! ———OOD

y) No, pop. P.L.p. 133.

"E

"S e

KING TAS fA E

the festival after the death of Bhoemetalei. Co- a gentle and literate prince we himself Ovid *) dead Augustus: astute His uncle first attacked the kingdom, then deprived of life, but by a similar trick from Tiberius the illegitimate is captured, and the foot of Alexandria it is removed

Cotys V. had as wife a daughter of Pole- monis I. Pontus and Bosporus king, and PJtho- Doridos

Nami:

BAZIETZ, KOTTZ. A beardless head diademed X BAZIAE (12. PAZKOT- TIOPIAOZ. (in the statue of Caesarea's museum: PAIZKOTIIOPAOZ.) A walking fiction. AE. III.

E *

BTZANTIQN. Augustus bares his head, juxia monogram consisting of the letters KP i EL MATPOAQPOT. HPOZENOT Beardless head crowned, | next to 10 AR. I. (Pellerin.)

BTZANTIN. /sic.j NET king's rain be crowned 10 August naked, juzta monogram consisting of the letters KP AR. III. (Mus. Caes.)

Pellerinius bound letters KP. he thinks to be the excieTag of both princes Cotyos and Rhascuporidis, and the isolated letter K on the part of the other to indicate Cotyon, whose there the head is proposed. In another god, whom

$6: i -^ rs * .

P e', that is žk *

We do not know about this place: singular, which Carius lists:

Head of Bacchus ivy el corymðis co- ronatum £ KOT'TOC. XAPAKTH. - Hercules nssdue standing d. club, 8; take off the ways of the lion AB I. (from the Museum Elect. Saxon.)

Numus all Thasius dempta epigra- phe, for the usual HPAKAEOTZ. ZQTH- POZ on this one you see proposed transformed, Yocem Xaparth defl ciente P recta . Caryhe interpreter of the riae lam printed, that is, this warning by authority and name. signed by Cotyos but forbids the february to be shamefully barred give it, signed by the Thasians themselves, truth & Thracian barbarians of the Mediterranean having taken from them the money of the Thasians, which then there was none more common, eg. plo, and religiously preserved metal, pon- give, and type. Diximds above in Tha- $0, barbarian mints to the Thasians to laugh at the gods, because in the present exam- the plow is abundantly strengthened. Meanwhile he hesitates Froelichias, is it really in this god this lesson should be kept tense, and not rather barbaric letters, which often in They compare the gods of Thasius, as he wrote 5)

ARB., RRRR. AE. R.

once I published *), no doubt the mint

BTZANTIN was written by mistake. for

BTZANTIQN. Both rare He is a mouse, obviously unknown to Caryo.

2) de Pontus L. II, el, :9,

a) Syllogus I. p. 82.

RHOEMETALCES IJ. Rhascuporidis F. with the benefice of Tiberius he takes away the kingdom

by to Num. reg. vet, p. 48. H 3

60 | PAEONIA

He was exterminated by threats, by which V. C. 8oo fraud Claudius killed his wife Thrace in pro. He reduced the victory, but what others had done Finally, Vespasian decreed that the 11 above in the prologues to Thrace gods

Numas

DA -=se MANIKQ. XEBAEZTO. Ca- pet Caligula's laurel € - - TZ. POIMH TAAKAZ. Fir standing by the stranger's cabin the emperor sat on the curule chair something accepts AE., I. (Cary) ;

ABE. RRRR. |

P 4 EO N 11 A.

The region around Macedonia and Thrace Axium fl. -conquer the two cities, re- The gem is one of the symbols of the gods complex. Vrbes Nysa and Pontalia, which are named they add to their position EN IIAI(?, supra I told him in Thrace that I was facing that place sharper sight

In the name of Paeonia the whole coin Combius issued from Hunterianus: Capas? Thursday 10 ITAISL. head of the twin barbarians the smoke of Jani within the laurel. AE. IIl. It exists the same in the Caesarean museum, and the other in our Neumann museum, but not Combius epigraphed the proposal three times offers; but these gods seem to be evil from their class, whom the officials of Ro- the names of the men inscribed in Panormi We usually recite coins. So they are left of the god Audoleon.

4VDOLEON thing.

He was born to his father Agides in the kingdom of Pseonia under Philip III and Alexander III but he held the Macedonians hostage, he had one Ariston, whose remarkable vir- with Alexander in battle at Árbela

she was the first to be tested, she also had a daughter King Pyrrhus placed it. All these fa- see his exposition by Froelichius °).

IN s m s

A youthful head against a helmet. X ATTACK Stepping horse, im area monogram from A and T. AR. IL MI> (Mus. Caes.) In another: Eguus dimi- dits with a similar monogram, AR. He went. (Mus. Caes.)

Jupiter's head with laurel. € A'TAOAEONTOZ. A galloping horse with a half-rider leato, in a triquetra area inward, ar. I. (Mus. Caes.)

As the former gods are elegant makers ca, so the latter was markedly barbarous, and of the same reason, whose are those who on both sides the name "DIAITITIOT" is typed they exhibit straight or backward writing. All these were made by barbarians its mountainous tracts, which Greek art to deny access, doubtless. True This argument will be dealt with more copiously elsewhere. and Froelichius 4 has already warned in various ways and Neumann *),

hen !""'————————————————————————————————— AAA OMM ECEDGDCDEDDDENLLILOCeUAeLLLEELLAULULXIIIM even Gg RN eel

c) to Num. access reg. novel, p. 39. -

d) 1 c. 10 €) no. pop. p. 136.

MACEDONIA.

^ &

The head of Hercules the beardless lion tcium, LBAZIAEQZ ATTACK Juppiter Aetophorus seated d. eagle s. kartam, the usual monogram in the field AT. AR. I. (Pembrock P. II, tab. 42.)

The illustrious god, by whom we are taught, Audo- that the lion had survived Alexander M. which Diodorus Siculus already taught f), et

61

that he had signed the coin with the same types with which Alexander's nobles go, following him that is, the examples of Seleucus and others which we shall enumerate in the coins of Alexander. The numus is very rare, and not even in mu- sight of six Austrians, in which Au- not very rare pu- so much, l

AR. R.

M 4 CE DO N I 4A.

The whole region is named after several gods they were cast with silver, and with bronze, Au- of things, one of which by a slight conjecture Pellerinius recalls the ram here, there are doubts.

Epigraph: MAKEAONZQN.

Types: 2

Head of Jupiter, X Lightning. - Chapter Pa- we have a horn rising from the front. X Trident - Head of Apollo X Lyra — Chapter mw: Hare, X Prora ship. — The head of Silenus opposite, X. Crown of ivy. etc., AR. AE. (Mus. Caes.)

I think I meet Sileni's head more often therefore, as Herodotus testifies (£8) cre- He was rich with the Macedonians, Silenus at

himself in the garden of Midas.

? * *

Also because of the silver anepigraph the type of horse and helmet referred to here since there are gods with the same types Archelaus, king of Macedonia, unless they are Mee the town of Thessaly, which you see.

The theme of the last kings of Macedonia those autonomous people who cry

peos arranged in a certain form in the world they offer, whom they rightly call Macedonians mouse therefore, that in this region gods are frequently found, but not of the sun, for the same are held in currency

.Amtiochi I, Syri, Paesti Lucaniae, Cal-

Latias Moesiae inf., Ly- - day, and in the denarius of the Gentiles cilia and Quincy, and the god of Herod M, ARB AE, R.

Roman Macedonia

Macedonia defeated by Perseus under the Romans throwing out the signs of the new ser- witnesses of life, written of course by magic from the city to this new province when I sent

MAKEAONQN, (in two Pellerinians added: CAE, PR. or SL.) Juvenile head naked with hair, back ©. X AE- CHAIRS Q, Chest, club, table, om- nia within the laurel. AR. T.

The head of some of Alexander M. It seemed difficult to assert that there was no one

PEE MM M AM MA A Ll s S Sello c

f) L. XX. $. 19.

me

€) L. VIII. $. 138

62 his certain information. CAE PR, notes CAE-

cilia, or any other, provin ciac PPRactor, as in reverse is AESIL-

LAS I am a seeker. This voice is open

Let it be Latin, but these gods themselves are bilingual from the Macedonians to the Romans it may seem strange to you, learned Dutens ex letter L of this term to take an exam like the ancient Lamda Greeks b), deceived of course the day of Montfaucenii, who nu- like this for the same reason - ram L, then and S for A and 2 between na- the most ancient ones, who have given us in the remaining state, he had i} Box and club to the worship of Bacchus and Hercules by Ma- a super bargain, a table to mark the power of the praetor or quaestor, we have the right frequency in the forests of Cyrenaica these examples, it is recalled,

$ *x

A youthful head covered with a winged helmet perched on a bird's head, X M AKE- AONXXN TAMIOT I'AIOT. IIOITAI- AIOT within a wreath AE. II. (Mus. Caes.)

Similar reverse, € TAIOT. TAMIOT IIOIIIAAIOT. inside the barn AE. III (Wilde Tab. X. n. 59.)

A similar reverse. 10 TAMIOT Horse feeding. AE. TII. (Wilde 1, c. n: 61.)

Berry's head crowned with ivy. STA- MIOT Pl'AIOT. A goat standing near a mo- noogram AE, Il, (Vidi Vindobonae in private museum.)

Head as in the god 1. X MAKEAON (QN, TAMIOT, AETKIOT "POAKINNIOT,

MACEDONIA.

within the army AE. ITI, (Wilde L c. n. 60.) In another similar writing: (POAKIN- NIQ, (Mus, Caes.)

The head of the adversary in these gods is e- the kings of Persia much in Macedonia and Greece It will be said in Philippi's name V. of the king of Macedonia, Aversa other pro- the conquerors of the vines stand, the Greeks rajag,

of whose race some things must be mentioned. It is the former

l'AIOZ, IIOITAIAIOZ, in which Greek The way of writing is undoubtedly indicated C. Publilius Of course, as Publius Grae- to them was TIOIIAIOZ the witnesses of the gods Ni- comedies, in which we read: ETMT. TIO IIAIOT, OTITEAAIOT, so Publilius. The Greeks ITOITATATOZ, in which way and to the tribe of Puólilia, almost constantly written thus pta in marbles, even if it is to be written on them the manuscripts vary, in Gruterian marble it is said IIOTTALAIA X), From this Publi- I don't think it's any different from the god's quest of the second VVildiani, but who IIOTIIAATOZ it is said that the false metathesis It seems to be attributed to Rae A., although it is certain that there also existed in Rome the nation of Po pill I don't think it's any different.

. the matter of God III. also VWildiani, though, that

I know of no other event, only that the name l'AIOT is mentioned. But it was the nation of Publilia, partly patrician!), partly plebeian Among the gods of Onuba Baetica municipal officials read Q. PY- BLILIXs. the other

AETKIOZ., DOAKINNIOZ, that is: L. Fulcinius, also of this nation of Rome learned See Glandorpium.

———————————————————————————————

b) Explain about something medicine p 191.

i) Palaeogr p.121

k) page 503 I) Liv. L.V. c. 12.

MACEDONIA.

» $4; . De. bronze nose: KOINON, MAKE- AONON you will deal with the head of Alezaneri MN . tar in the palm of this king

the four Macedonians

Aemilius Paullus captured in the war of Perseus throughout Macedonia in IY, regions He divided, according to Livy *»), what a division they also confirm the gods.

Begerus followed her, and Froe- lychees are poorly established argent guis, the reverse area of which in IV. parts followed by the letters MA. includes that Marseilles belongs to this god we taught

Region 1

It was completed by the witness of Livius above tato, that the fields between Strymon and There is Nessus, and Aenus from Thrace itself. Maroneam, Abdera; across the Strymon All Biseltica with Heraclea Sinti- ca. Its capital was Amphipolis.

Head of Diana between Macedonian shields. X MAKEAON (QN. IMPOTHŽ,. Club, various monograms throughout the area, all wear a crown AR. I.

According to the number of these numbers to measure myriads, Not infrequently many thousands of Transylvania and Wallachia exhausted from that place after so many centuries Why is Macedonia so important? they abound in wealth for the rest of the needy, from her its nature to be sought, according to the quotation This also contained a division from Livy

63

part of Seaptesylen and given the old Tha- their mines, and to pursue the same there: the first pastures had - - many crops properties and METALS "), Numos so great a number of signs that they were common the money of the neighbors, even of the barbarians, it is easily gathered that they resemble gods but of the same weight, metal, and type a barbarian woman, in the same way as in the Thasians coins are found. Region 1H.

Located between Strymon and Axium that part of Paeonia. His head is Thessalian Ionic °).

Diana's head between Macedonian targets X MAKEAON (QN. AETTEPAZ. Club, monogram area, all within coronet for each AR, I

: Smyrna gave this singular gift to him sent, to be kept in his museum repeated te- the stature of Cuperus P). Elsewhere his very image proposes a gene d. The same from Cuper Spanhemius quotes the museum several times), Ra- the fortune of old Cuper, to whom the money It happened to get a thousand, when to me, to whom thousands more of that kind from Transylvania and brought to lower Hungary at a troubled time they are, it has not yet been permitted to see the inscription AETTEPAZ2. Pellerinius coin from praises the museum of the king of Gaul with an epigraph phe MAKEAON (N. AETTEPAZ abs- but with the mention of type and metal °). He elsewhere silver II. of the form t).

Bearded head of Hercules. 10 MAK. or:

MAKEAONK (N. B. Horses at a slow pace

m) L. 45 c. 29. of the elephant The army IL c. 5. 50 pages 177. t) Rois pag. 25

n) Chap. 30

* +

o) Livius l. c. r) It is available. whether, T. I. pag. 652. Orb. Rom. page 198

P)Letters p. 306.500. q) Diss.

3) Rec. T.

64

right hand raised AE: Those. (Pellerin, Mus. Caes.) :

. These, because of the addition of B, belong here Pellerinius said, the following will also belong here:

Winged head of Perseus within wreath. X I'AIOT. TAMIOT B. A horse feeding. AE. (Wilde tab. X. n, 61.)

Region HI

Axis between Peneus and Bora enclosed by the mountain, with the added part of Paeonia, Edessa, and Berhaea *). His head was fur.

The god of this country has not yet been eom- pertussis

Region IF

Across the Bora mountain, "on one side con- one end in Illyricum, the other in Epirus. His head Pelagonia Y).

Jupiter's head E MAKEAON (QN. TE- TAPTHZ. A club and two monograms put on a golden crown AE. IL (Mus. You kill.)

This important coin is now in the museum Cocsarei, already once from the Granelli museum S.J. Froelichius vulgavit *). Not the only one I will affirm, for I have already seen another he died Cuperops from the British consul museum niae at Smyrna *).

Imperial

I wrote MAKEAONQN. they exist from Augustus as far as Gordianus. of August we are at Theupoli. The rarest Vi- Pellerinius published the

From Augustus to Vespasian usually found written: ZEBAZ.

u) Rec. 50 p. 177. and Rois p.25.

city a) Letters p. 306

-

x) Livy L c. b) Letters p. 6.

MACEDONIA.

TOZ MAKEAONAQON. type cigpei la- from Domitian, and afterwards KOINON, MAKEAONZQN. in various types. AAESANAPOC Honey AC. Ale's head rasdri M. radiatum, in numo M, Aure- he, (Vaill) — * * . Neocoratus: Observed for the first time in the nu- of Caracalla, and indeed at once groaned born KOINON, MAKEAONAN. B. NESL Alexander taming Bucephalus or: C/ypess, (Vaill.) -At in the god Dia- dumeniani neocoratus only simple: K.O.I. MAKEAONNN. NENKOPQ. (Pellerin. Mel. H.) In the sky of the heavens the emperors are no longer neocorred mention, added here neocoratus title serves much to define age of the Aeneas of Alexander M. post its excess of signatories, which see de- written on the coin of this king. AE. C

-

4CANTHVPFS.

Maritime towards Strymon, where lo- A moat was drawn to exclude Mount Athos, and tried to commit both to the sea Xerxes

Autonomous

Without epigraph. Leo grazing the ox above ©. X Square incuse gua- tripartite AR. I. (Mus. Caes.)

AKAN. AKANOION. Leo the ox, in others feeding on wild boar. X Square in cusus, quadripartite AR. I. (Pellerin.)

y) Livius L c. 2) Animadv. whether

. MACEDONI A.

Barthes opportunely met these gods

Lemyus in his famous attempt to pa- : laeographie numismatics °).

Apollo's head € AK ANOION. Lyra. AB, III. (Pellerin.)

Head of Pallas € AKAN. written in through the spokes of the wheel. AE. III. (Hunter.)

It appears from these remains, as well as from the

according to Plutarch, the Acanthians are with you

Delphi commemorating the Ihesaurus 4), He was wealthy in their most ancient age tree |

AR. RRR. AE. RRRR.

AEGAE

Mediterranean from Pella in. once upon a time called Edessa, but because the leaders Caranus took the goats, the name in .4egas and this was the city of kings seat, while from Philippus Amyntas Pella - would be transferred, however, . as an old instinct . that kings should be buried there.

. Hitherto it has been considered barren. Le- Pellerinius suffered from poverty, and a notable tetradrachm was issued: Capst of Apollo X. AITAIEQN. Jupiter naked 'sfans d. Ezienia Agsélam, s. the spear, everything ifra quern AR. I. He added two

inscribed in bronze: AIlI'AE(YN capri type. -

But I fear that this may be proper a gift Of course, the means do not satisfy who are there to discern the gods It suggests a number of ages. email address The star is found in the gods, who are certain Áegsrum Aeolides, therefore, and cited bronze They will be given more time to push. Remember the device têteadëachmi with Jore standing inside.quer-

i c) B. L. T. AXIV. P. 30

(Philippians II.)

ue

. d)-of Pyth. orac.-

65

for it seems to agree with the device rium of the cities of Asia "the lesser maritime Cymes, Lebed, Myrhine, Smyrna, which, in a similar form, the silver mo- and most of them with the crown, and Smyrna Indeed, they signed with the queen, so much so by analogy with the law of Aegis Aeoli dis A could, as in these also

. To these it seems probable, that age you, with whom this god was cast, already pre- that the ancient name of Edessa prevailed. Certainly All the gods of Augustus are already in this city those who signed later get this name. Here, however, may belong the gods of anti- Whose: A goat cries with its fore-feet and looking back. 10 Square "struck AR. IIL (Mus. Caes.) Goat with this gesture also occurs in the gods of Archelaus I. Likewise another, which I once published *): AII'AION. (retrograde) Head of Jupiter, 10 AM, Goat half AR. 11.

AMPHAXYVS

The region of Amphaxitis was in the deepest recesses on the Gulf of Thermaic, so called from inter- shining Axius

Autonomous.

Bearded head of Hercules. E: AMDA- HINN.. enter. crown AE. He. (Pellerin, Liebe.)

The epigraph indicates, or was in this in the region called the city; but they do not remember the old ones, either e08, who grows! Aion, near Agzium, as Stephanus actually breaks his voice, they lived, they were said to have been AMemphaxians, and

e) Nua vet p. 201. I -

66

so these gods are called by the common name of the nation beaten, i AE. RRR

AMPHIPOLIS `

Situated on an island, which in its summers Stry- mon produces, whence the name was drawn given porog, as Thucydides says f), It was a city ilastras, a colony of the Athenians, and

m the law of Aemilius Paulus of Macedon I. head But the old name of the city is é»e« ó3ot, nine ways, because Phyllis was the registrar of his place na, on which day Demophoon's agreement he was waiting for the wind, nine times to the sea it was said that he had run Hyginus expounds more), and to what extent pe alluded Ovidius h), `

'Autonomous.

"They exist in great numbers. ``

Epigraph consisting of: AMPINOAI- TON, or more sparingly AMPI. In bronze Av. the form of Caesar's museum, even though none which is very ancient, read Buceopuóo AM--IO.

: The most important types:

Juvenile head against laureate. X Lamps burning within a square, AB. I. and perhaps the only one of this metal, (Pelle- rin.) | |

I will be

The head of a juvenile covered with a helmet. winged su with the head of the bird coming out. 10 AM- "(PHIOAITAON. inira guersa. AE. Il. (Mos. Caes.)

MACEDONIA.

Winged female head against. X. Pal- I've been waiting for you d. Fictoriola, s. caste with shield AE. TI. (Mus. Caes.)

The onion of the first god is definitely Perseus, such as we have already seen in the autonomous Mace a gift, and of which it will be dealt with more fully below in the words of Philip V. This sentence am- It is further confirmed by the head of the goddess Medusa the following, which pertains to Perseus net, without the type of Palladis, as in Perseus had his battle with the Gorgon it costs parts. See the gods of Sebastien rum of Phrygia

* E |

AMODIIIOAIT4)N, Woman seated d. Fictoriola, s, a spear. 10 POME Soldier standing d. Fictoriola, s. a spear how I (Mus. M. Ducis.)

See the coin depicted in mine; On the ground vet. Writing next to PMH Times Ro- mana testifies, I have already seen examples a mouse in the woods of Locrus Epizephyrio- rum, and we shall see in the coins of Thessalian

.rum, but rare in the forests of Greece

European "TR"

AM«DIIIOAIC. Head of a woman flying

tower X AM«DITIOACITON, Miles

standing AE. 11. (Hunter.) The epigraph marks the genius of the ancient city, turned the people away. * e A bearded twin head of Janus. 10 AM. (pITIOAIT QN. Two centaurs in different curronios, guorum untsa s. raised vessel force He throws his nose, the other a branch. AE bring I. `

-~

(Mus. Caes, and published. in my Sylloge L)

f) L. VI. c. 102. ù 8) Fab, 59.

w

h) Art. loves, L, 3, 37. Remed. v. 55 and 591

MACEDONIA.

They present the same image on both sides of the god of Thessalome from Goltius known, - But it is also agreed, for both cities Janus, that the hedges were common types Roman god, on the coin of both which, having been brought to the city, makes one suspect, if Gnatos, then, with Macedonian Romans

t. d zii c 5

Among other gods: Clay, spike, horse marching, cattle cornpeta, the rapture of Europe, of which next, the goat. singular ty- pus in some who is also on the coins of Thessalonica and no doubt to the worship of Panos per- Ma- It belongs to the popular cession, of which I do in the gods of Antigonus I. This goat the fight was called by the Greeks xveyfac; of schol. Aristoph. to Equit v. 273. and Suidam . : 4B. RRRR. AE. C.

To the emperor. Frequent from August to Salo. 'Nina. Epigraph standing: AM«XDIIIOATI- TON.

All these gods from Spanheim, Vail- and a great crowd of followers you were Amphipolis, formerly Thepsacus, the dark Palmyrenes of the city, why them? invited the type of bull to rapture Europe those who are in these gods, at least under the first Emperors, most of whom he met, Har- duinus, Froelichius 3), Pellerinius *) re- eins they attribute to this of our Amphipolis since she was lowly, this bright

61

and that the same type in the gods also not uncommon in the cities of Europe. . What if Eu was not a bull bar much ropa, but rather Diana, his Amphi- at the pole stood a temple called Tauropo lae, it is clear from Diodorus Siculus!), and epigram of Antipater of Thessalonica. Let him therefore ride his bull, as other cer- by his will He would doubtless be free, if it were possible

by the faith of Goltziani with the epigraph IKAPI()YN, in which the type is similar, and like the cause of taking Diana the Taurus of the Poles, as is seen in Spanhemium ™ ) Of course, according to the old scholiast ») Diana di- cta Taveoroha also therefore, or: s ávri TY GOayy SOTI, xci ÈROXUTAI maveoig, which is the same as the moon, and the woe of the bull hit I return to the purpose, If the gods are here they were Amphipolis of Syria, to the same they should also be recalled to the autonomous communities him at the same address TN True, the type dictates otherwise purpose: the club within the quern, Perseus, Medusa, who was on Macedonian currency I met The argument provides a stronger fa- the bric is all from the genius of the Macedonians; something else I will immediately proceed from the analogy, so as to be silent I have several gods of that kind from Mace- gifts brought

' + °%

KAIZAP. ZEBAZT. Diana's head pose quiver £ AM«DIIIOAEIT ON, ` (Two statues standing at the base, and the right lifting, of which | right side s. seeded AE. II. (Pellerin Mel. II, page 1.)

i) IV. tent, p. 197. Diana Y. 187

k) Rec. II. p. 182 n) to Sophocl. Ajac, mast, v. 172.

1) 50, 18 c. 4 m) to Callim. in

1 2

68

TI. KAAT. ZEBAPZ statue order resting on the base of the torus and palpated d. raised s. a staff with an eagle X AMODIITOAT- TXN Europe bull bar. AE. I1. (Pel- lerin Mel, IL p. 24. Mouse. Caes.) Add if- a thousand Tiberius in Morelli Impp..

The signs of gesture and worship are very similar. rent also in the lands of the Philippen colony sis, which was of the same Macedonia 1 a city where the harmony of types is clear

. to whom it is made, here the former numus of Augustus

the purpose of this Amphipolis Ma-

. sedonia, and the gods following Clau-

let the gods and Tiberius offer similar statues, and on the other side the creeping of Europe, transparent

it also happens, even other gods, who eun-

i

that rapture they stand, to be of the same Am- philosophies For the type of statues see pro-

. From the head of Diana

I throw, the gods MAKEAONQN. IIP TH2, in which the head of his goddess is similar

worship is seen, at this same ur-

well sealed, which, moreover, of Macedonia 1. They will be the prince

TITOC KAI --- JOHN. KAIC. TY- tus and Domitianus standing on the right hand lifted up, in the midst of them the eagle on the obe- slide 10 AM «DIIIO Raptus idc AE Hl.

(Pellerin's Letters p. 7.)

* * *

Two centaurs, one vessel filled with evils they support, in the guise of Caracalla, (Arigoni.)

This type, with which the Pythia fights are indicated, see the explanation in Lao- say the colonies of Syria.

MACEDONIA.'

& * £9

The solitary carriages, Pellerinius when in the area of the god Commodus would seem lonely 1, and near the temple, he believed it was indicated sacrifices for the safety of Commodus the third completed °), but the same letter exists in the statue of Augustus in the Caesarean museum, in which here he rides on a horse in the garb of a peacemaker, ln the area of the god Caracalla at Arigdħium compared to C, I think more correctly € Like li- We have often seen the terras through the cities of Thrace in no particular sense. AE, €. `

4NTIGONIA.

Aeneus ANTII'ONEXQN of Sol Goltzius mentioned (in Greece.)

Aphids >-

In the Pallene peninsula. Only known ` Autonomous:

Jupiter's head of Ammon, 10 ADT. ADT TAI One or two eagles. AE.. TL my (Haym, Pellerin, Pembroke.) :

Pausanias narrates that Ammon is a heavy burden the worship of the Aphytaeans, which you paid Lysander Laco's hostage P). See also Plutarch 4). Near Cassandrea he loved the same Jove.

AE. RRR.

4THOIT. E.

Led by name from the mountain^ Athos Chaleidi- ces, whose shadow passes over Lemnus itself is fixed binomial AOÍKLITKÍ)N one Goltzius published (in Greece.)

—————— M M MM Ó

o) Suppl. IV. p. 4.

P) L. III. c. 418

q) in Lysander c. 20

MACEDON IA. | | 69

BERH EA.

The bright lights from the Aegis to the south, no yet other gods of his were discovered, than when by the head of Alexander M.

ACHANAPOT, Capst Alexandre M. helmet 10 KOIN MAKE, B. NER. BEPAIXLN. Fir half-naked to the altar crying, near the table, on which the two

games urn, back filter, to which impo

sifa urn, in the EOC area. AE. TI.

This coin was issued by Pelle- rinius Y), but the same exists in the museum M, Leaders, as I once told *). Otherwise if Froelichius mentions miles, but I will go He does not cite another like it, except that the voice BE€PAIX)N is absent, said Harduinus 3), and which also exists among Hunters 3) Will these gods teach the true lesson of the city, when from the authors everywhere Be- written ez, or Before, from the Latin Be- roea, but in the woods of Beeci. Remembered Li- vio the ambassadors of Philip of Macedon to Beroeaeus JY): but in this word a great there is a disagreement of the codes, of which, however Berraeus has one quite close to him.

I do not deal here with the types of both parties, with abundant like others, let down BE- PAIQN and €OC, with Alexander's head M. exist, of which it will be dealt with more opportunely in the bosom of this king. |

The year of the epoch €OC, the only exam- a feather in the palm of the hand of European Greece. Him Harduinus has no suitable cause since the year V. C. 706, whether the Caesarean era leads, Froelichius ab Y. C, 691, or Pompe- jana Below in the sky Alexander M. ab

marked by his death, I would probably say, two cendum from the year Y. C. 693, or one of immediately following

AE. RRR. E

BISALT 4E.

The people around Strymon

Autopomus :

BISAATIKON /retrogradeJ. A naked man capped and wearing two helmets he accompanies the day, in the field of birds, X A square incuse cut into four folds. AR. m. m. (Hunter.)

This is a remarkable deity, with what ex It is one of the oldest, as well as the bulk

conspicuous, and of his nation, whose

we did not see any money except Go[tzia- Well, I will quote some soon. old age the work is cruder, and the inscribed possession vum, and the same retrograde, B1ZAA- TIKON, so Livius also called that region Bisaltica *). The rest of the device and type they are clearly of the character of the ancient Mace- a gift of money, a very similar numus here

is the god of Alexander the Great at Pelleiini.

um, except that i is in this epigraph of the king

on the contrary

$ * ik

Kind of like that. £ BISAATIQN, Areo- . la square in a square incuse. AR. usually

II. (Hunter.)

Combius adds to this coin: the sliding wedge of letters in the aver- they are on the dark side. In addition, the money He says that it is similar to that which Be-

r) Rois, p. 23. Rec. I. p. 181. s) Whether, vet. p. 65

. ^ t) Notit, elem, P 45. u) Opp.

salt p. 99. x) Tab, 35. y) L. XXIII. c. 39, z) L. 45 e. 29..

- T

10

gerus in the Spilicegio antig. p. 32, but

Goltzianus is the same, taken from Goltzii — thee, 24 Unless, therefore, in the spirit of Hunte- at least one letter or two is inter- gra, whence we are taught first, to be in no epigraph, no ink for the eyes done, then, those remaining letters re- Yera to accommodate the pretended inscri- ption BIZAATIXQN, not to be suspected following the dictates of Combium Goltzii as well, which is already quite clear, when he did not find an epigraph in the sky, or he did not distinguish between vice and lust to have invented some He does not smile even gen- tile BIZAATI()N. The oldest ones that with the Greeks, as well as the Latin people here it was called B;ccNra:;, according to what was written must be BIZAAT (N) One thing we don't rim, Stephen and B;eaNrge, and Bisah- Tiog brought, Hupterian therefore here the god or it is an epigraph, as many Mace- Donors of an older comma, or perhaps inscribed AAEZANAPO., or BIZAA- TIKON, or at least BIZAAT (N.

AR. RRRR.

BOTTIES.

A small region about the gates of Axius, in which . .

According to Herodotus, Pella was situated Autonomous., — - s

Three of these were published by Pellerius alone. address: BOTTAIQN, BOT- TIAIQOQN, BOTTEATAN, Type: Head Hercules, in another: Mercury. 10 horse pass I think — Head of Apollo. X Lyra, AE. I. IlI. AE. RRR.

MACEDONIA.

O00CASSANDRE M. In the peninsula of Pallene, formerly Potidaea, And King Cassander acquired a new name. Colony launched by Augustus, in order to ditas IVL AVG. they seem to teach, this He signed his name.

Autonomous

Three military standards, in the middle of the written AV X CASSANDREA within the las- ream., AE, II. (Pellerin Rec. I. p. 184.)

A horse with a palm branch, X CAS- SANDRE, take the crown. AE, Il, (Pem- brock.) 4E. RRR.

of the Empire.

Of these. used by Claudius that to Philip.

Epigraph: COL. CASS. at most that: COL. IV. AVG. CASSANDREN. - COLONY. CASSANDHIA.

A nearly constant type: Ammon's head, which seems to have a common hotness with

, had a neighboring Aphyte. Rarer than other ty-

you can see, and those who are ignoble. 4E. C.

D I VF M.

In Pieria at the bay of Thermaic, which in Alexander ordered their statues in the city were placed by the hand of Lysippus, who in pre- li6 ad. Kill the grain *)), them instead moved, the last of the statues Q. Metellus defeated Pseudophilippus Ro- he carried his mother, and in front of his house put rum b), .

a) Arrian L. I, c. 17.

b) Vellejus L. I. c. 11.

MACEDONI A. 1

Colonies exist only in the name of God

, T.,4jano until Salonina.-

Epigraph: COL. IV. AVG. DAY 81S. D. D. or: COL. IV. DAILY D. D. It seems that it was brought down by J. Caesar cta, because in some o AVG, eupprimi-

there, but increased by Augustus,

Preferred type: Pallas standing. AE. R.

EDESSA An ancient city of Macedonia, called sub-

thence 2fegas, which you see, he resurrected

men name of preuna and signed com- several |

. of the Empire

from Augustus to T'ranquillina, The fall of Pellerini, who inscribed the coin ptum: ZEBAZTH. EAEZZAICQN, Ja-

lias Augustus F. gives, we will indicate in

the god of this Julia.

Epigraph: EAEZZAICQN, Type so-

shore: Rome seated on the spoils is crowned by ewsliere reiro standing, s. the horn of the army they are

The ancient gods were thus in- Harduinus, to confound the wretched scribes

all attributed to Edessa in Mesopotamia, Mi-

above all, Vaillantius, who

and most of those whom he gives in the catalog ©). of Edessa of Macedonia, in that place where He describes them as being at Edessa in Syria calls, Meanwhile, though each city has its own it has a coin, it is prone, and mini- I have an ambiguous problem. Edessa Meso the potamia as far as Caracalla

at certain intervals it had its own kings and most of the said Abgaros; not therefore in the meantime, it is credible that a coin with the emperor's head had signed, the suit was carried out after driving Edessa nia, and then almost a colony in the forest He called constantly, This is a long time ago he saw and taught the learned Bos d), 4E. R

HERACLEA SINTIC 4.

Auionomos two notable tetradrachms Pellerinius published (Rec. I. p. 182):

Head of Pallas X HPAKAEQTON, Club, flying in the Victoria area, and mono- I will complain about everything. AR. 1.

As per the manufacturer and type of the reverse fa- how do we think of these Macedonian gods, so it is doubted, however, since many was in Macedonia Heraclea, which ha- are to be given, Pellerinius pre- brings that which was in Lyncestide, since as he says, he was more celebrated than the rest, and when Ptolemy was the head of the Lyncestides. But that must have been in the age of Ptolemy, that is certain

"The age in which these gods were sealed, scarcely a

It is remembered by the ancients. So I'd rather He- Raclea, which was the head of the Sintices, and often named by the ancients. The main thing but I think the reason is that he has the same bent away, which is in the forest MA- KEAON4)N, IIPOTHZ, And it was this Heraclea not only in Macedonia I. but also neighboring Amphipolis, in which di- ctos of the Macedonian gods named above We said probably in Amphipolis. Ad this Macedonia I., as it abounded in metal

c) No. Greek p. 195

- d) Hist, Osrhoen. p. 122

e

T2

the matter, and thus more copious than his other re- he poured out tetradrachms into the parts of Gion.

z * e ;

Apollo's head 10 AAAIOT HP, Z, trip AE. II, (Mus, Caes. Pellerin.)

The head of Hercules. club AE. Il, (Pellerip.)

Pellerin's monogram HP. Z, ex- paid in Heraclea Sintica, I do not resist I only advise, the same summary of HP. Z. to stand also in the deity of the Faliscos of Etruria at Pellerium °). Adaeus Perseus the Macedonian Berea to the Gentiles . Polybius betrays the legate nous tan

Bearded head of Hercules in lion's clothing ways X HPAKAELA, written within two square, whose tfhlerim D Mem is divided AB THEM. (Halter.)

The opposite type, which is accessed in the anti-

with the men of Macedonia, he suggests, nu-

.this mother to the Macedonian Sene) He- to belong to the race AR. and AE RRR.

LYING On the peninsula of Pellene.

Autonomous :

' Silenus asello vectus, € MENAAIH, rin, Mus. You kill.)

Type to the noble Mendaean wine & said, whose honor in the ancients I mention Coenis, so that Alciphron he will call: Mo?ysiy yExT«Q £). Where does san-

10£ AAAIOT, HP, Z..

MACEDONIA. ;

to swear to drinkers: by Aia vo» -

Mesra b), His merit increased to a greater extent Hermippus in Athenaeus i), treatise I testify from the toilet of the gods: I use shit psn Evei xxi Deor guTIL,

AR. RRRR

NAPLES

' Maritime in Macedonia added. Autonomous,

The person's tongue was thrown out. X Square in charge AR. III. (Mus. Caes.)

At the same time, € NEOIL Head mu- diere AR., III. (Mus. Caes:)

Antiquarians of Naples once took these statues They wrongly attributed the champagne, of which Gods are very different in design and type. Here, therefore, without doubt to call the Similes There are persons also in the forests of Populonia of Etruria, and of Abyss, and Parius of Mysia, of which see what to the gods of the People I argued with my nieces.

Head of Bacchus, place thyrsus. XNEATION Cluster AE. III. (Mus. Caes.)

I do not want to confirm this money to this Naples. In the museum Huterian is attributed to Naples Caria, but the cause is not added, because the previous evil

Bacchus in Macedonia and Thrace

. worth - Diota gives the square. AR. III. (Pelle- -

AR. C.

OLYNTHYS

At Lithmus Pelenes, a noble city, and powerful, and Demosthenes eloquence of fame obtained

y : - : `

e) Rec. 50 tab. 10

P: m. 99. i) L. I. p.m. £9

f) Ex. leg. TAXI

8) L, III. ep. 5 hb) Athenaeus L, I

MACEDONIA. 15

Let's paint a

Bearded head of Hercules in lion's clothing ways X OATN, Club, caduceus, AE. LI. (Mus. Caes.) i

This remarkable coin, and up to now the only hujas of the city known before How many years have I brought to the Caesarian museum, Jure? he throws Hercules, because the city from Olyn tbo Hercules F. took the name of Ste- pano Athenaeus also Olynthus Her- he says to the sons of Bolya, and his ad- here stands the monument X),

Olynthi also autonomous from the museum Ainsliesen quotes Abbot Sestimus!), but because he does not describe him, I do not know whether it is the same be with the present | "E"

- Another with the epigraph: OATNOIQN. KAI. TOPONAIQN. OMONOIA is in only Goltz's Greece.

4E. RRRR.

ORT H.4G O0 R 1 4. Autonomous

Head of Diana opposite. 10 v EXIN. Helmet AR. I. (Letter of Sestine IV. p.97) AB. II. (Pellerin. AE. irt (JPembrock, Vitzai.) | Haymius was the first man of this kind brought forth (Tom. Il. p. m. 166), true the thigh would read OPAI'PEQN in it, nothing sar& -could exculpate, but it was Or- thag oria, later called Stagira, Aristotle This is the country of which, as far as I know, I mention so it is done in drosraopautiois geographl- 15 Geogr.

min. p. 42, where it is read: OeSayceia xus Zw&ynez, 4 r Maxey, which and page the following is repeated. Maroneam of Thrace also called Oríagurea, reports Pliny, From this inscription of Orthagoria for Stagira He gives the god a remote age Pellerinius; but the makers teach the contrary ca numi, and LN is set for ON. Vi- given the city, like many others, the old no- men resurrected, or in the old name use a knife

Pellerinius says his coin is silver yours, but whom I have seen, or from others cited I found that they are of brass.

AE. RR

O0 S S 4.

In the dark town of Bisaltis, Autono- silver mum published by Paciaudus : (Ani- Maddy, Phil. page 75.) A horse walking with ruler, X Square greater and less, in- through every line, as the author reads; OZ- ZIOM What a sound to be the name of the city he asserts, True termination in QM, if only such is truly found in heaven," and no rather OM, one was peculiar to Italy, and if the letters are looked at in the present deity order, we should rather read ZI(MOZ, qued so there seems no doubt that the police men, it is probable that this money is due Maroneae Thrace.

HAIR 4. Mediterranean between Axium and Lydia

rivers A very fortified town, and from there. from Phi on the lip of Amyntas F, the seat of the kings. |

k) L. VIII. P. m, 334. Ü Lettère P. II. P. 107. and 119.

(Photo. IL)

K

1 hour | MACEDONIA.

4uionomái: .

. Head of Juvenile laurel, 10 TIEA. within praise the fault AR. III. (Mouse, Cat.)

IIEAAA A headache. £ITEAAHZ. within the laurel AE. He. (Pellerin.)

It is likely that ro IIEAAA part of an tices to indicate the woman Pella, juxta how this word is written, like an example frequent in the cities of Asia Minor, Although it may be true, it is not a myth logia, nor history anything about Pella it is sufficient for any

+ * Ld

Juvenile head horned with ivy crown then with sharp ears, put your feet. € ITEA- AHZ Pallas with wings hanging from her shoulder stepping d. He twisted the spear. AE, II, (Pel- lerin., Mouse, Caes.)

It is the head of the ancient Panos, or of one of Counts [n numis colony of Pella Sy- riae Pan is type of access; since then tet, Syria this Pella from Macedonia

not only the name, but also the worship of Panos

ice from €

Head of Pallas X HEAAHZ cow pa eating AE, YI. IIL (Mus. Caes.)

This type confirms that in Pella ob- Stephen preserves, formerly called Pella Bwvouo», that is: suitable for grazing cattle. And Vipianus 2): IIeN^w Be narei Din- nu xy dia To uno Boos venou: Ty» neocnyoeiar , neye TO Xeon, ð EcTI, repewdeç xara Tyo Maxedovyo» pwrs. Pela Philip's country, so called from the ox, guae color was RANY, that is, according to Mace- the gift of the tongue, ashen.

`9n) To Demosthes, on fals., leg. n)

"E

Sel. whether.. tab. 22

from s.

IIEAAAIlAQN. Female head X TIEA A.AI(LN, Fictoria gradiens. AE. I. (Pel- read.)

Ootavia's sister was the head of the ante Augustus thinks that Pellerinius is persuasive Namo, who among the emperors soon de- Red |

R. RR. 4E. C.

| Emperor One popularized by Pellerius (Mel. II. P. 3): P IIEAAAION. Head mulicbro, € M,

ANT ATT. I. KAI, ATT. victory gro-

of the day AE. L I warned Paul before, the head of the front this and the superior autonomous Pellerinius vi-

to be Octavia's, But rather I believe she is "of the goddess Liberty, for in the gods of Thessaly

nicas, which are clearly similar to this one, juxta the female head reads EAETOEPIAZ.

AE. RRBR

Colony known by the name of the god from Ha- Adriano as far as Philip See Rose in Wilde'). Valiant conducted by Julius, "amplified by In August it was autumn, since IVL. AVG. is written As we have seen, the truth Julius, by the name of M. Antonius, was already dead

and Octavian, there is no mention of the colony.

lest, even the sign signified the gods, therefore se- he wrote himself Julia Augustus, or something a colony had already been designated by Julius, or that Augustus, by the adoption of Julius which was called, from Vlpiano it is called a colony

| Augustana e),

o) L, I. de Censib.

a

MACEDONIA 15

. Epigraph: COL; 1VL. AVG. HAT.

Type: A man rapped seated d, head ad- mill, s. The pipe is often placed on the ground feet

Strange, this man was passed by Vaillantius let it be called Apollo, who is like a pipe He throws down the index of the defeated Marsyas. Here are seven a pipe of hemlocks, and a standing foot They certainly stand before us, and such a one too He is represented in the gods of Arcadia and Caesarea Paniados we also saw God above in the autonomous and below also in the neighboring land of Thessa We are about to see Lonica and King Antigonus I. certain information, that his god's re- The legion did not apad this city, but scattered throughout Macedonia.

In others: A woman sitting with her head covered d. moved to the mouth

AE. R.

PHILIPPI

Across the Strymon in Macedonia thrown Vrbs by the old name Crenidae, then of Data, built according to others a Callistratus of Athens, according to others the colony of the Thasians, but from the founder Philip said to Amyntas, which om- nia see in Diodorus P), Scylacus 4), Appianus 7), Eustathius *), Strabo Cre- Nests and Data make different cities. Ce- but the city was destroyed by the defeat of Brutus and Cassius wear The Chronicle of Paris founded by Phi-

Lippo established V. C. 397.

Autonomous

Head of Hercules beardless in lion's skin.

€ DIAIIIOQN., Tripus, head in the area I did Av. (Mus. Christina) ; ;

iius, but below the tripod HPA, ; in club area AR. I (Pellerin.)

Another variety per areamattrióutis, AE. Ls (Mus. Caes.)

I once published the first of these in gold. Above I proposed a coin in the Thasian currency to this type of both faces, as in very similar metal, and the only inscription - OAZION. HIIEPO different, which I said to be understood by the name Thasius of Thrace of the continent, and the old colonists of Dati, who after having been thrown out by Philip, but under the new name of Philippi. It was But given the wild gold, as it is in Strabo v), and Diodorus =). To be moreover, Philippi to Mount Pangaea the roots of thirst, which the veins of gold make rich xere Herodotus; Strabo, Pliny But about I will deal with these gold mines for more money Philip II. As for the type, test Hercules with a tripod; for at least for some time he was driven away by the power of Apollo He usurped the bed, as the mythologists teach, and Moreover, the judge Libanius Hercules did not less wise than the archer was Y), Vox HPA, in the cited tetradrachm seems to be police officers

Av. AR. RRRR. AE, RR. l

Colonies of gods more frequent from Aug. I stand as far as Caracalla. -

To the emperor. VIC AVG, Victorious advancing. X CO-

9) Num. vet. p. 67.

q) page m. 27. u) in Excerpt. L, VII.

r) Bell, civ. L. IV. 8) Dionysus. v. 5174 x) 1, C. y) Tom, JI. prays, IV. P 183. K 2

16

HOR. BEFORE Phil. Three strategies AE. HI.

I met these gods under Augus of Valdes stand signed, and teach, a band of cymbals awarded in military service by Au- translated here with gusto, in the manner in which Plis testifies nio 3), in Africa there was a colony of Gunugi Au- Ian's band of wrath was led to taste:

Col. AVG. IYL, PHILIP. Due signs on the base, inscribed: DIV VS. AVG. raising the deserts, of which the right pa- Judatus, left half-naked, now with a god Claudius and the following impp.

Col. AVG. IYL Phil. IVSSV. AVG The head of Augustus laurel. X The signs are the same, but ascribed to the latter : AVG. DIVI F. anisteriort : rin Hec, I. p, 28 Mouse, Cat.)

The latter is a very rare pre- the teeth encountered, in whose unfolded va- rie sin, he brilliantly illustrates, he teaches for first, the statue of the right palu- to be given to Augustus, to the left of the sum-

mo to the middle naked of July, namely the spe-

cie of divinity, who among related to the gods it was already Then the colony was conducted by Augustus; for in, of statues: seat place the right, or the more honorable Augustus as given to the founder, which law we will also give it in the address preserved; for when in the land of other colonies gatur: COL. IV. AVG., in this COL. AVG. IV.

We are further taught, these statues reve that it existed at Philippi, and already under Augustus stand dedicated, and the type of these, to re-

DIVIO IVILIUS AF I. (Skin,

MACEDONIA.

they were true, transferred to the gods; for they would not have been a permanent work, in heaven the statues of the following emperors also Augustus, who also increased the chorus of the gods, it would have been produced and divided. Finally, words IVSSV. AVG. or to note, these same ones stand. Yours, dedicated to the command of Augustus, will not be given

. in memory of the victory at Philippi

tae,-and taken from July's killers of revenge, or of his command they cannot be referred to money, when then the writer uttered the usual phrase: ALLOW- SY. AVG.

These signs seem to have been at Sieu's the Philippians in honor, and in a certain reli- in the sacred land, while not in their currency another type appeared after the god Cem- in the manner in which a she-wolf is nursing twins. (Vail)

AE. R.

PYDNA

In Pieria, at the bay of Thermaca, the defeat Perseus ennobled.

Autonomous

Head of Diana, $ < = Night. AE. IL - dependent

| from Z

(Pellerin, Suppl. III. p. 103.)

To be observed in this deity unusual sori- lex., which is properly called bustrophedon it cannot be said, but in the former part, al- retrograde A long time ago It does not seem to be standing because of the letter XY already received

DRE UU GRE RED NEED E EE UCM EIE EDEN MDC D CM KM DD CD MM IR CC MEC ECCE CIO DELE GE MR RO

z) L. V. pag. 244

f

MACEDONIA. Tt

I will shave the head of Hercules. X IITAN AION IITNANAION, IITANAI QN, Aguila eating the serpent, AE, UL >..

Wil« lists these extremely rare numos god *), and adds, about Thessalonica found in the year of Christ 1685 that he had moved Very similar to these are bronzes only by inserting AMTNTA pvo nma. NAIQN different, |: oae

AE. RRR > o oi o n x

STOB I

Vrbs inland in Pelagonia, and a well-known municipality, that of the Romans the function of God, all hitherto published prec they will be done Edw

` Eod

LI ` --

dAutonomus: —— in | He insisted on a fictional group. d. cerona, s. trophy . X. STOBENSIYAS : Bos gro of the day AE. UL = :¢ż: T Money for this one reason PE quod: so far the autonomps is unique, elim from the museum M, Ducis vulgavi P)... . 9 4E. RRRR. pu eer s i

--

Zee To the emperor. |

Obrii from Vespasian to Elagehs the light TES

The epigraph in some STOBENSIVM just listen: the municipality. In reli- who: MVNIC. STO STOB. STOBE. " STOBEN. STOBENS. STOBENSI. STO BELIEVING STOBENYM. STOBENIVM, Read about this city, I will discuss the bridge ppt isn't X. N! Read aED

ala "yiii

: 2 Sel. It is he. m No. vet.. p. 67.

-

Typi: in the gods of the tribe of Flavia. and/ Tra- jani eet "Zempiuwmn 4. columsarum,, ara,

. that idol. standing; Vn: to the rest. change

The fictitious days at the opposite end of your mouth d "AE. : C. P So vue 15e EU. '

T NA THESSALONIANS.

. Once upon a time, it was called Therma idi einas T hermaici; name changed so variously pxoditar, others from the vanquished there Phi; lippo: Amyntee of Thesaealis, whom among Ju. lianus Avg. d), another "Thesdalónica Case" Sandra, the wife of Philip II. the daughter repeats, in which was the opinion of Strabo, Constantine Porphyrog.: narrates, Philip of Amyntas

. ctis: there in Thessalian the same nemen and daughters

and that he gave it to the city *). Strabo agrees with Zo- naraé, adding, say that he was Emathias" so f), It was an illustrious city, and the capital of Mar tedonia II The history of this tree he raved; Belleius 8}. ``cover Hitinn:

Epigraph: OE. (Pilgrim.) OEZZA- AONIKHZ..OEZZAAONIKE QON.. ~ KABRIPOZ. Xapnt juvenile laurel. X GESZAAONIKEON. .4 Quilà,. everything within the guerna, AE. E. (Pellerin. .

f1E€CCAAONIKH. It takes a lot of ve- 10 KABCIPOC or KA- BIPOC .Caóbiri& habit sure stang d. fly onm, aub quid.aimile, s. lifts the hammer in some for etc. incus, AE. 1H. (Mus. Caes.)

The same .abbersa £ KABEIPEIA. HIT OIA; PA The protruding end of a palm branch.

-AE, Il, (Pellerin) ttp e sud TE wi i M

E punishment A -D He prays to God

* ' EI | | y LJ ` - * a

-

80

In the gods of Gordian or his hall . tio, aut tsbtum simple: Q€CCAAOQ- NIKH. N€OKOPOC. .(Mouse, Caes.)..or, which singular: NE€(YKOPA, (Pellerin MeL IL p.. 202.) In the gods of Philippi neocoratus, quoqe simple In the sky Herennii double: MHT. B. NEQOE, (Pel- lerin.) In the soil of Valerian other neocor- tus nullus, (AÁrigoni) in another museum double sarei, thus: OQ€CCAAONIKH B. No. In the land of Gallienus, but: in the colonies no mine, in part: B, NE., did l'.. NE, as it may be said. '

According to Vaillantia m); Thessalonica he received the first; no, the other from Valerian. double pec cats, the other of which was a learned man we forgive, since we are the god of Herennius it was later discovered. Another less serious niece worthy;, when 'himself. under Alexander cites two gods neocoratus 11, no- fathers `

BE"

Metropolis: this dignity of the city. Vaillautius deems it a cessation from Valerian 2), But already I say that this was honoré in- sign teaches the god of Hereanius in neoco- cited by Ratu, Metropolis is also mentioned we saw above in the autonomous Metropolitan

Julian was also a witness of Macedonia °), .

and some of the writers of the lower age.'

also: at least; honor cadsd jar! of August the age was said to have been born from Max Joyimg ab Antipater FRestsloniténps ka

AE. C.

i t a

It is called a colony

in the heavens so rerni / Po

m) No. Greek p.. 2a. 5) Clone Veleheso. -

Anal. T. IL. p, 1£2.- )2lLL:

M X€5& D O'NII.A.

and his families, when they exist the same the emperor's god without mention There is no doubt that she was brought up Valerian reigning, Zosimus reports 4), under this, Thessalonica was heavily burdened by the Seythis under siege that the citizens had escaped. Whence it is likely the colonies throw away their merits,

Greek epigraph, what language is this? one colony, and Philippopolis of Thrace were used, with the rest of Greece's Euro- padae: the colonies constantly used Latin right, cc O€CCAAONIKH, MHT, KOAXCX)., Va- Leriani, (Vaill.)

OECCAAONIKH. MHTP K.O. B. NO

Gallieni Oa Pellerin Sappi: IV. p. 12.) GECCAAONIKH. MH. KO, F. NE,

Gallieni; (Pellerin.) : 9GeCAAONIKH, MH. or MHTP K.O. B, NE. or I, NE, Saloninae, (Vaill. Pellerin.) ` | A more illustrious type : bare fir, in others a woman with hair in a turban d. seal It must be taken; (Pellerin. Suppl. IV. p. 12.) Ludi YYT'OIA inscribed urn, Gallieni and Saloninae, of which, as well as of the Metro- pole act above Solitary letters ÔA in Gallienus

as in the gods of the cities of Thrace. ` AE. RR t o We etc TORONE

known only by Goltzius.

HOLD „t

- 0}- He prays; HE p. t10. - P) Brunck

no

MACEDONIA AREA 81

TRAELIVPV M.

There are two figures:

Mercury's head in a hat. roof, 10 PAI AITNO, Balaustius. AE. IlI. (Pellerin, and Hunter in the woods of Rhodes.)

The first Pellerinius coined a similar coin Bhodum, because of the balustrade, call life, whose judgment then followed the author of the Hunterian museum, moved Doubt cl. Cousinerius of the French nation of Thessa the manager of the company, who gave me the suit ris, and sent similar numbers to be pleased with one (he was, several of them found near Amphipoline, but not it is evident to him from the city of the relative name by this tract, to which these gods were assigned feel That same thing when I was told by Cousinery the abbot of Sestine was to be ordained, thus he decreed: epi- Graphene should not be read as PAI AITNO, but TPAIAION, indeed already d'Anvilius built Amphipolinus the town of Triullus, which name since it is quite akin to the name TPAIAION in the form of a deity, to be seen as Triullus I must write 7raelium, or Traillium, and these gods to be attributed to him. These things Hle 7. it will be bitter, let him convince himself that he has stood in this tract the city called Triullus

unknown to all the ancients, if the table.

Take Peutingerian, and so on similar to this one. The same learned man tus also the gods inscribed THREE. here matters, of which we have spoken in the Sermons of Thrace. So far I have all

that kind of god. are given

FRANOPOLIS

On the top of Mount Athus nio *), whose founder Athenaeus pro- says Alexander Cassandra's brother 9), who what I know, I remember only this city.

Autonomous

OTPANIAZ, IIOAEQZ. woman ca-

d. spear, X Without epigraph. A star AE. III. . I took out the most complete coin from the museum ill Com. Vitzai "), His likeness already brought forth Pellerinius, but when he AOKP(N) He awarded the purse to Locris Ozolis. woman that the matter of the Anician party was thrown Vrania, from which it seems that the city mind entered, of which I have discussed more in the place praised I said, even the star of the party or to refer to the same Vrania, which Sozomenus also confirms, when X tells us), on a certain day there was a fire in Aphacis by a certain invocation from above like a star running down Mount Lebanon that he plunged into a neighboring stream, and they said that this fire was Vranium, so for they themselves call it Venus. After all It could be done as a city by its location in the sky called Vranopolis by the founder return E 4E. RRR.

| r) Letter P 123. 3) L. IV. C, 10. Ü L. It. P- 98. u) Num., vet, P: 70. x), Hist, ecl, L. IL c. 5.

(Fol. t.2

L

82

KING OF MACEDONIA

A long succession of kings from ancient conducted in the earliest times of memory the ancient writers came forth, since rum evidences, even if they are often discordant and fluctuating, especially those at the time their history to describe the law of inheritance and succession Reinerus Reineccius, Petavius, Spanish mine, Froelichius, and others, of whom we

don't call significant efforts into judgment

mouse, since not into history, but We mean the crisis of the gods, but from the gods . neither of cbronology, nor of succession reason, if it is dislocated, it can be healed, because according to the records of the epoch, and other indications they are really disappointed.

He helps the kings of Macedonia from his re- the beginning of the fire according to the catalog of Froelichius gum y) save to mention, Ho- to avoid rum first or signed money, or these things have not passed down to our age He came, other gods have wronged this one There are tributes, cenficu others, as in each we will teach

P * *

CARANVS the Argive of Hercules pe, and from this sixteenth from ora- by the advice of the Delphic He was ordered to migrate here, occupied The same Ageas appeals to goats he followed them home through the fog he deceived the guards, and together with these

tus having taken possession of the city it is given about the year before V. C, 16. ante Christ 768. Dies 5. C. 14. founded the stock in Alexander M, leave the children, which was so popularly believed, that it was not Isocrates doubted in his speech to Philip II. with his constant prayer To proclaim the connection of blood with Hercules, as I will now send other evidences, which are his own places will be mentioned, hence often in the head of the king of Macedonia the issue occurred.

COENYS. TYRIMAS, PERDICCAS, I. generally known only by name

ARGAEVS APLEIOT of this coin. BAZIAE (1Z, whom he quotes from Scaliger Harduinus *), for example the commentary. Another one more educated, presumably more at law exact financial art, but openly spu- rium, in Constantinople some years ago sent to the Caesareum museum : AP- l'AIDT. /retrograde) A horse stepping, in- fra which the club 10 Square incuse quadripartite AR. 2,

PHILIPPVS I. is believed to have died in V. C. 172. To this Froelichius cites some silver barbarians: Caput Thursday, 10 Horses trained barbarian Philip- pi epigraph P), I am wrong, for it is Phi- In this we will teach in Lippi II.

AEROPAS, or EYROPYS.

AMYNTAS I. died about 5. C. 205. We must remember at this point:

y) He knows. elem, p. 128 elem. page 128

2) Justin. L, VII, c. 4.

a) Opp.sel.p.27 - b) He knows

KING OF MACEDONIA

Pagurus, € BAME sise type. AE. IH MTOT | M

Cl, Wise *) discusses this knowledge about the god.

to have been published by Begerus and Spanhemius, from and I was given to Amyntas I, because so ty- po, how the form of letters differs from nu- my Amyntas 11 These are less confident followed by Montfauconium 4). But from these ill-read epigraph, namely BAMIM- TOTM, when, however, the present god David Bosan- that the earner of London is read thus, as we described above. Therefore Amyntas I cannot be attributed, especially when you doubt i whether it was permitted at that time To the kings of Macedonia, write the name his coinage, with the witness of Polybius *) Ma- edones from ancient times equal with the king they had power over their own, Doubt increase the prefix B for Buoswç, who title before Philip II. in Macedonia The money of the kings did not meet, the God Himself

the need not to smell so remote an age.

The element O of square form, which to demonstrate such antiquity They think it is very important, even later had been usurped, for to appear in si- the mule of Hermaeus Phocion, Speusippus, in the forests of the Arsacids, &c. This preeminent a learned man between Begum and Spain hemium, even if he he does not know whether they should be drunk. A little later the same thing the doubt occupied Froelichius, who was right (f) asserts that the Macedonian gods are different species, another epigraph, namely:

c) Mouse. Bodl. p. 112. P. 139. 8) Orat, 71. de kiltu eorp.

d) Palacogr. Greek p. 121

$5 AMTNTA The man, however, who was timid it is suspected that it should be attributed to Amyntas Gala- tae, it can be doubted.

ALEXANDER I

AÁmyntae I. F. nicknamed Riches, a man endowed with many ornaments of virtues. Fra- Menelaus had three, who and Thar- called raleos, his sister Gygaea, Mor- yours according to others V. C. 3090, according others later, but according to the Chronicon Pa- rium V. C. 291,

Numi

Fir-capped horses at a slow pace d. two spears X AAEZANAPOT inside the shed then thrust, AR. I. (Mem. B. L. T. XXIV. p. 48.)

A horse wearing a helmet and two arrows accompanied by a braked step. 10 AAE- ZANAPO. written around a square gua- the drifaria divided. AR. m. m. and I. (Pel- lerin, le Bret.)

The form of letters, the termination of most that in O, a square incuse, all

testify to the long age of these numbers

tur, nor known others of the kings of Macedo the gods are older than these. Nothing stands in the way how much less the horseman of the front part himself let us decide the king, for he also used a hat Gentius, king of the neighboring Illyrians, apparently not while he received both the diadem and the old ones Dio reports that the Macedonians wore hats Chrysostom 8). AAE2SANAPO to breed it is the case for AAEZANAPOT, as et APXEAAO, of which next, O posi- then I thought it was pure archaism for the OT is, examples of which are encountered in mar-

oru, Une pp

e) L. V. c. 272, f) Not, elem.

L2

84

the most ancient customs of all Greece nations, Ámyclaeis Fourmontii, Sigeus, and in the most ancient of the Athenians, which to publish Sponius b), Chandler 3), et Taylor k). They are of the same law as MATZ- ZOAAO, IIIZOAAPO in the gods of kings Cariae, Athetes confirms this rule naeus !), who acted on the literate cup, in which it is written AIONTZO, he adds, in in this word the element T is missing, which the Achaeans used the letter O not so the light with which he can now control it, but even when it signified a diphthong, O only painting, in the same way Philo- . xenus from Dionysius from Italy to Sicily recalled, he rewrote O, noz, for OT. See Suida in Piħoževa Cy up peu TICY, and other writers of proverbs. this which I said, Dores retained archaism and Acoles, so that they would change the OT into £) introduced later, Thus in marble Cre- kept at Reinesius"); TOZ., K()PH- TAZ for TOTZ. KOTPHTAZ. and pass sim Dores: 499«, wear, for sou, sa- »oc, still other Dores also OT in O short .change; thus encountered in the forest ZTPAKROZIQN for ZTPAKOTZIAQN, Square of the opposite side Begerus 7) and Froelichius °) random about the figure of Mace- They take square gifts, if that, too Abdera, Maronea, Tha-

him, Amphipolis, Acanthus, &c. Other about

in this square, an index of remote antiquity, We taught elsewhere (Prolegom, gen. Vol. I. p. 64.)

KING OF MACEDONIA

From this Alexander begin the illustrious te- tradrachm of the Macedonian kings. It is witnessed

but also Herodotus, the same to this king

from the neighboring mines of Macedonia to each individual days each of the tons of silver came P). Whence I think that he was nicknamed Rich entered

AR. RRRR.

Partridge II.

Alexander F. dies according to Chro- Nicon Parium Y. C. 334

N u m us.

Eguus X TIEPÃIK A helmet in a field square, AR From the Cary Museum. (Maffei Ant, Gaul, p. 113.)

The most precious gift to this Per- We will give it to you, because it is very similar we shall soon see another in the coinage of the son of Ar- chelai, other bronze gods, whom Frocli- who offered the same to him, being Perdiccas HI. I will teach in the morning.

AR. RRRR.

ARCHELAVUS ].

Perdiccas II, the son, killed his brother ad He rules the kingdom of the appointed, Things in Ma- cedonia dies in excellent condition V. C, 354

Name:

A helmeted horse holding two spears. X APXEAAO,. /in others without epigraph.) Ca- by half within a square. AR. I, (Froe- lich. Beg. vet. p. 1. Pembroke.)

h) Misc. page 315 XI. P-e m, 465,

elem. page 129, P) L. V. $. 17.

i) Inscribed, ant. page 37-42. m) Syntagm. T. I. page 501