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Doctrine of Ancient Coins, vol. 4 — 1795
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/ta/toM.
• • ANA • - Protame d, Jkistam cross prefixed ^ s. ball cross" ffcrum
KTPie. BOHeei Cross within the group.
A£. lU. (Uus. Caes.) .
The news that Andronicus was here
4 I threw it away, because it is a fabric and a place
it is similar to the following who are active Andronicus II
. ANAPONIKOC.*^ O, Ar. AH. MHTPOC, j^Bdrtmi^s , to him S. De^ more sianiess IC. 90, Chrisius seated. Av. •)
Sestinio Tidetar giving Andre nico III But the same right in him is An- dronico II" The reader will be judged.
' Numi Attdrottiei II cumfiUo Mifihaele IX.
ANA. . 10 AHA. Chrisius
Juxiaquem IC XC, on the right
Iegii adstaniem Androtticum IL^
Michaetus 9 on the left
Without epigraph. Enter the preface of the book
above the walls of the city. AY (Tannins.)
ANAPONIK MXAHA. Two impp.
Siamese, the middle of the lips
ANAPONIKOC ACcnOTHa Cross iu^
irradipeum AB.IIL AE.III.(Mus.Caes.^
PRETIFM
Auye ^ .. ^ ...♦,... ^ . RHR.
Silver RBRR
Bronze ..>..«...«..... RRR.
MICHAEL IX. Pal4seoiogu^. Qe .hoc 9 and those Aumis ?ide diota in the coin of Andronicus \l, the father.
Andronicus III. Palaeologus^. Michael IX son, Andronicus II. grandson, his father predeceased by his grandfather m) Sastini Lett«re TtMn. II. page 21 and ,203.
J -
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270 lOANNES V. PALAEOL. IOANNES VI. CANTACVZ
he was adopted into the company, as a daughter of Tom Sabandia, Eomitis, from V^ ^Atvs in the year i3a8 he cast down a beneic throne for himself. ioattn6$ F* , suco^ssor. He dies in the year i34i* * * ♦
Gods, 81 who Vzor loanna^ yel Anna Amedae bis Andronicus li. aumia
lOANNBS F.* Palaeoiogvi.
Andronicus III. children, in that year i34i after his death in the night under Roatris and Loannis CantacQzeni wishes for the protection of the government There were many setbacks from the guardian of Loanne, then Iilius Andronicus suffered, deniqBC the Turks under the command of L. Tcre ceased in the year i3qt.
Wife Helena Cantaeuzena, from whom born Andronicus IF. Palaeologus ^ \n pa* "The first rebel, he shall be in charge" predeceased by his father, and Manuel //., who ruled after his father's death. ♦
#-*." .* The name of this emperor is missing.
FI YEARS Caniactzenus
Andronicus III. John dying Domestic Dog of Cantacuzene to the son of the barren son of John with the roati*e Anna left her guardian. Here with my daughter He wished to unite Helen with the pupil, this, however, would not be permitted by Anna, he looks back on me, and besieges Constantinople pat in the year 1347, soon after the empire with loanne V. Palaeologos's daughter Hele for he will pledge I rise again in the war of Tor- I will give you the help of Palaeologos to establish the rule of a forced monk tnm indoit in the year i355. Wrote com- liars about his life
Nutnut:
Plombeus qoidem, et haod dobie si- gilli yice, still worthy, qoi here locom
obtain Eui» noper edidit abbas 9e- stinios from Moses Ainsliean <^), and de- lineatom dcdit tabola V. n. i6.
O. AHMHTPIOC. Protome St.
Demetrius nimbata d. heta
1(0. ceBA^OC. KAI. MeiAC. AOMe- CTIKOC recorded in the area Pl. m. m.
our first name a great domestic birth, but this Nondora had taken the content with honor We have spoken of the empire continuously, and abundantly it is narrated by Ducangio^), how much more position now in this excellent mono- the chin is joined together. It was ao- the Great Domestics and the Byzantines he who was in charge of the land forces, that is the great commander of the seas, of whom yide again the teaching c).
a) Letter Tdm II. page 21 and 183. b) Famih Byzant. page 2(So* c) GIoss. inf. iaC.
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lOANNES m and Vm. PALAEOL 271
MATTHEW CanlacusaenuB. He gives priority to his daughters after the father.
ANjDRONICFS Palaeoloffus.
John V. and Helen's sons* Rebelliously abdicates from time to time, repenting of his father Arranslato in fralre of the empire jare^
r
MANFBL IL Palaeologun.
John Y. and the other son of Helena. died in the year 14^5, com previously to his son
He succeeded his father in the year iSgi, and with the impe-
the neighborhood of the rio Tureum, and loannisTlI. ez would have allowed
brother Andronicus, by the sedition of his nephew Mol- Yxor I. Irene^ from whom the Loannes were born
then he would have presided over the troubled sheep 30* FIIL and Constantine XIF*
IOANNES FIL PalaeologuM
Andronicus, who was the brother of Manuel II. desiitf is reduced to order, from time to time ^This, from an uncle, to whom he is troublesome, does not offer the principality of Thessalonica*
lOANNES FIIL PALAEOLOQFS.
Mannel II son, eoqae morluo O* riAAAIOAOrOC. Imp. to
successor Into Italy sending aid towards Siana d. the cross something
for the purpose of getting the Turks back in a similar manner.
by the general council of Florence, Christ being d. lifted up the cross which brings about the harmony of the church. Mo- book of the Gospels. AY M.M. It is written in improl in 1448
gazophylacio M. ducis Etruriae delinea- ^umi^ ^^^ gave in the Floreptine Museum ■) , il-
Lud then explains in these words *») : Au* K.O. GN. XCU AYTOKP ATCOP the seal of the king, which was inserted in a silk cord
ji) Tome iv. Where 6. no. 2. b) Toin. V. p. Vfll.
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CONSTANTINE XIV. PALAEOL
it hangs from the membranous autograph In which the solemn consent of the church of Greece cae was stipulated with the Romans nius IF, high pontiff, im' of the Greeks the executor of John, and also of the Latins and Greeks the fathers signed all with their own hands. Co- piosius »4 from there he deals with ep below ■) , that When memory contains nothing, I leave For several reasons very similar to this contiouo in Constantine Xiy. we will give
Another, too, of great importance the duli of this loan, the optts of the Pisani painters, eodeih work ee tnbula Tulgayit Gbrius. The same also, but of bronze, to give already Docangius, and Bandurioft, and Tidi himself many of his kind. Yeru of this born that my gods do not exist mo, ot already above in the names of Heraclius. page 228
CONSTANTINE XIV. PALAT^OLOGVS.
Manu^is II. here, too, his brother loanniyill succeeded by death in 1448* In his lemurs fatuin inexhaustible He postponed the exile of the empire of Graecorum. For Muhammad II. already busy to all the people of Constantinople He besieged them, and laid siege to them in the year t453 ly. Cal. lun., to whom the emperor himself it will wear off
Numus:
KCON^ANTINOC. EN XV.
AVTOKPATCOP O.nAAAlO-
AOROC. He himself stands against d.
crucetn^ s. volume Tc, XC. Christ standing opposite d. extended ^ s, the book of the Gospels ^ iu area <1>. Av. M.M.
I couldn't get the job done to end the theme with a more illustrious god, qoi Te- the other is the boundary of the although the domestic matter ends with Tetos. And I am honoring the memory of so distinguished a man of so much merit
Iqbentios com erodito reader nico, that it for some of the good jam in the oven I rescued them, and in honor I did not take the station. Why exactly gnom qooqoe jodicaTi, qoem ih partis lijus coronide carefully painted erudite I would lay my eyes on the bed.
For his reasons, he mechadicat qood at- tmetf aoriestporissimi, Tolomen, qoan- the image is subject to you. The weight of the two aoreorom of the Hungarians, less grain sex Tennis, therefore, for its extensive toIo- it is a mine of metal. Gonstat himself is the god from two Talde sublime plates inTi- cem con junctis, qoae junctio aliqoot in the edge places the gap easily he says Figures and letters are quite high ex- they stand Tjpos, painting style, literature rom form image supplied bit ~
It is clear enough, none of his pla- not to be of manners, he is a coy god brother John 8., which I continue above written, so that not even a letter in
«) 1, c. page 31.
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CONSTANTINE XIV. PALAEOL
273
the area is far away. However, Tolumine has a lot to be inferior to him, he will teach the collated Go- a picture of Rius, as well as of the restorer of Taninius. What use did this memorial provide? I want to finish. A seal, like a Gorian I argue that he did not pollute his service because they look upon the traces of the passing son, nor even the thinness of the plates makes the journey it would have happened It seems quite likely that this xium in money, but without doubt extraordinary, to be thought *).
That magi is so suspicious of Yero dus, that up to now in Constantine XIY. the currency does not find a partner, or something else
you are looking at a certain example, or money of any other kind who can safely defend this emperor ri. His great silver coin Yours was once published by Marquardus Freherus, and he illustrated it in a singular dissertation, but than, because it is without doubt a noyic Opris, copiously refuted Josephus Sca- light in the letter, which intenScaligeria* the nose is 133 , and than Ducangius in his Dissertation on the Inferior the age of the gods together with the gods protects And Bandurius also this Freheri he jokes about a completely stupid joke *)•
^) On closer inspection, however, there is a certain seal, by which they easily you will report a solitary, apparently o^fayio^/AOTOf indication. Not. edit
a ^ Bibl. whether no. 30 (fW* FIIL)
100 m
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M m 2
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dbyGoogle
X
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pseudo-currency;
JlIoc name compreliendSmus qaaedam Teterom m.onumenta, which coin I am an imitator of Tei^acn in most ways, but currency matter, not by public authority, but by pri- Tata coUegiorom, corporumi atft cnjua-
at least for their own private use, and to The cloth, and the lustful, were reduced. One. Clean his material in two sections we define, of which I. will contain the gods contorniatos, Il.tesseras, spintrias, other that Tarius' argument*
S E C T I 0 L
DB NFMIS CONTORNI^TIS
\n pseudo-coins com because of copi- am, then any kind of excellence the first place is held by the gods, whom We touch tomatoes. of today's appeal though recent, and unknown to the rest of Latium, yet we are ignorant of Tera's cause, qoo less indignant, if the same name of Tete ra not perceptible, qoando in the origin Tocabuiarum,* which our age par- turiTit, let us adhere. It is similar ic said by Terbo Italtco contorno, or French contour, which extremity
however linear or circumscribed nem means that most of these women I have a line on both sides of the edge drawn into the world, and engraved more deeply they offer Erizzo the Croionians painted them to call from the Italian city of Crotone, but brings the case nSji. For us I am from there. Who is the anchor more in these he wants to be curious, let Olearius come soon to be praised
lam in the beginning of our art these boles among the abortive currency
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PSEUDOMONETA
yeramqiie coin is discreet, and not a few who in their nativity they would investigate the ram. Yt older try I would precede you, of whom yix are already elsewhere who was U8U8, he reasoned a few things about these things to Charles Patinus in his Suetonius sent, sometimes their expHcan- dorum pro?rneia in ae will receive, but the man who performed his faith did not set him free. Fauca also, and she is excellent about it wrote Andreas Morellius in Specimine 6U0^). Have some obseryata in Loberti's Science of numbers, of which par- Baron Bimardus corrected them. Various Christoph gathered about them. Wagemeilius in a dissertation on the monetary matter of the ancients Bomaoorum, and not roulto after Chri-^ dtophoruM Olearius in epislola de nuroo the outline of M. Aurelius, which is in Electis Wollereckii pag. 112, and EucheriuB Rinck *^). But most of all to them an effort to gather and illustrate ^XiMl Siegeberius Havercampus at work, to which title: Disiertationes de Alexander M. with a medal of which four are the highest in the world The governments of the world are contained, as with the sword Lugd. Dutch /722 in 4. You will ask me about this work dictium, ajo, to be a mass which is indigestible and partially packed
foreign judgments generally obsolete, itf- and once more not much to be better, uncertain and fluctuating that it may appear sufficiently, that the yirum was learned by no one with a specific travel plan for each yento se- that he allowed himself, that Biniardo himself that displeased the Yideo •). Some later years came out of Mahudelius the Gauls from to them, the sober one but circumscribed by too narrow limits ptum 9 «which then into his work translated by Mangeartus 8). lastly, what I know cei)ii Henry^annegieterus in MJscella- neis obseryationibtts critics Arostela^d. in 1786 p. i33, and again in iis- dem Miscellaneis, but in the new ^ of 1740^ page 7. Pre-contoured iconism three are those whom Havercaropus stood in the Farnesian Museum Tomo Y., in Im* to the executors of Motellii, and in the cemetery Caesareus Yindobonensis, which he published "Froelichius
We give all the material in plaras heads, quorum I. bus contorniators, IL lie their tj- pit in general, III. about types in particular IV. of that age, V. of use, VI die*
c A p r t h
Of the characters contormaiorutfk
8nnl these of his kind, xxt easily run into the eyes, and snapteistnd pseudomo^
■^■M^ " ■ ■ I ' ■ ' ■ .1 .. » I ' ■
a) Pag. 468. b) Pag. 43. c) to Lobert. Tom. 1, pafg. 74. d) dc vct. whether can"
c. IV, c) 5 c. f) S* ^ ^o^ni* V. hist. page 2d^g) Introd. A la scienc. d« m^df
page 36.
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279
netae genus "moaeta yera diseniact" Here they are: ^
I. Lioea in the name margin Btrinquo drawn in a circle, and in the fashion of the same is usually deeply carved, which locDm in Tera currency occupy the balls united in the world, whom they rarely do twice see the gods It's the centenarian ways the most important index, "tqse from hao stasis, as I said above, is similar to He will give twice the name of the contorted gods" yideo, in the matter, even though it is clear, seriously a You do not make the mistake of a few outstanding ones, while to say contorniatos, qoos nos du^ Yocamus of the gods of the gods. for you rerba Wa^enseiHi ■): moreover obser^ It is the most difficult of these things nahcre of a different metal and as if they were pretextual; I ate bitterly ora ex aurichatco^ confiatos ex aurichaP' air surrounds the extremity, — — — By the name of this coin they are called "toned" and "vet contorniata". Olearius speaking in praise above de stio M. Aurelii numo ^) : Limbum ha* but from a different metal, the ark will not tremble" the mouth of the mouse is made of aurichalcus, as if pretextured is, in another way, he adds, I have not seen them toumiatos" the same after hoa issued by Ra- schius in the old Lexicon of the matter whether vet. under Contomiati^ lo Erne^tus^), and the same the insults of Tentzelius given the gods in the yile of the contorniator ag< he pushed him away disparate, miscnere Added to the contorniati They do not have a border made of dyed metal, but they all consist of the same metal rae, and with it perpetually, that I may the double metal being remarkable for various things age of work, gross, and ex- standing, when I go to the contorniates He is generally a man of high stature, and low, and thin for Yolomine metal. Is he himself? the deity of M. Aurelius, which he presents there Olearius, contorniatus not e«t; for the group surrounds its limb, who in eontornias are generally absent, but in whose place is succeeded by the throne, QneRi I said, £st the same god here also in mo- seo Theupeli, at the contours of M. Aure- I still haven't seen them yet. No doubt yidetur, this furrow is already behind the head that the accusation had been made clear with a scalpel; for they will go ronltis you see Hterarfain heads vomcre amputated
II. Monogram f yel g or inrer- I am R, and the various seals of the front capitt set up, among which they were very frequent palm branch, here, and said mono- when they are present, be sure to contour Seal aHa, aed i^- river, I observed a star and a flower of ivy a bow with a quiver^ voyanting Victofia. However, there are also those who they have nothing added to the rum. 3> (hopefully indeed, these are either monogrammed or sigHa is not extant, but inward scratched, and often inserted ta. The so-called monogram, which in £P. or P£ is resolved, which is probable to some just as it would be expected, no one has yet been found. Mahudelius did not doubt, in
a) advises on the subject. vet c. 8. b) Vag. ij6.
d) Sel. numism. from Gazoph. Schwarzburg. page 10".
c) Archaeologist lit. chap. IV. § 12.
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PSEUDOMONETA
to report it to Notts. If not, Such a suitable reason can be given, why ma- luerit roonetarius monogram that al- with hard work, and indeed in every detail tito, to scratch inwards, than to care which he adds to the similar characters we know the fact, as already at the beginning tricus carved from time to time Leo would do the work. Monogram but when this was done, I so much so, as I said, that with another labor that it was introduced, it is clear that in non with no one's own neck being placed near the oapites, and the chest penetrates they were brought to the work of God, so that they were not of the type of characters that they monetize we call them, but those whom m- Cusas^ and with the French contremarques yo- camus, of which I spoke in volume I. page* 157 He threw Ca^negieterus, these li- teras means Valtna Emeritaj or Vraemia Emeriia, or Preemii Kr^ ffo *)• Invalid conjectures of course. Se- rius ipsum boc monogram £P write Find below the monogram of Christ and a palm branch on a brass plate, which published by Pignorius in his work sno de servi. Why when these letters £P. or YOU in they join this monument with palm trees branch, but in many cases contorniatig in hn- let the right branches fall by turns, conjioi po- tcst, belonging to them aliqnid to victory to signify
III. They are all out of line, and river Gold and silver of this kind unknown
ly. Yolumen is the same for them as no most roaximi modules, but fail pen- give, for the brass are thick menaces. They are yet some, though very rare, vo- of narrower light, and of some air sioris, they are qnals, whom the Italian voc- we call it medallions. Tajii there is a statue of Constantius in the Caesarian Museum tin M., but which is engraved mono- gram £p makes a certain contour An insolent volume, one with capitc Pla. Yalentiniani from the rouseo of Queen Chii- Havercampas published one vessel after another. (Num. 56.)
Y. They have a device of their own, flat figures, and at least from the surface will stand out, of course because, as I said, metals are thinner. sometimes fi- the gures are carved inwards. Such are the gods whom we shall recite under chapter 111. 4 in Decursionibas ub TOXXOTES, COSMVS, and SE- LeyCyS Gento, in such a way that soon ^ 11. I had said* The art in these, if chosen, is mediocrity it did not stop. Often the work is rough, and in* they will prove their learned hand. of this Baudetotius seems to have been mditatit, etri perperam^ binos Metropolis no the Greeks in the number of contorniates take I*).
yi. Tjpos atiam, and inscriplioneg gibis claim their own, but about the gypsies I don't do it here, because I'm running out of reason It will be clear to everyone.
a) Miscellaneous observe of the year 1736> page 137. b) B* L. Tom; HL page 251*
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281
C A P V T IL
On the types of contortions in general.
The anterior parts of this class also be some head of God, rel protomen usually officiate. Party aTersa- rum tjpi the major part of the sports Cir- auditions and other shows are requested although there is no lack of hair from cj- mythical and heroic, and not a few they are abstruse, or completely ignorant of the subject which will be taught in detail by the gods below registered
This is what these gods have in a singular way, qnod almost never a party appears front and back connection, cer- clear and transparent, but completely arbitrary and nt lust took cile will compose the head of Alexander M. with circus Bomanus, Scylla, Tcl raptu Sa- of the two, or Horatius, ApoUonius Tyanense, Sallustius with agitation by rivers of circuses, plains, and agyrlia, Nero with Faustina the younger. Arbi- of the three, this shines forth the most because with the same number of times We fear that they are united with various heads. If we have the story of Scylla connected with the head of Alexander M., of Verona, Trajan, of the city of Rome, Cybclen in cf • •ortio Atjos his Tcctam with the head Homer, Nero, Yespasian, Trajan. You will find more other examples below. No- TT, some antiques don't matter This link is the cause of Tisami's business to find sam I do not deny, the talent and with the help of learning poise in each one something likely to be brought True if probable Finally, you have exposed the connection y. g.
if rm.)
Alexander M* with ScjIIa, or the same he will also be able to Nero and Trajan with the same the portent of the sea^ How good he was HaTercampus panting for free, much- that by doing nothing, when in the individual dispute both parties there, with all the work that you are about to contort he had written, - clearly verified, whose unlucky attempt is an example perum dabimns under chapter III. § 7 under first god
The heads which occupy the anterior part pant, are the fortunes of men of order, institution, and superiors as well as inmost A definite image of the deity not yet in these observations. In some yet it is the head of Boma with the addition of ROME. See the chapter below. III. § 1 under ^cylla^ or adding invincible. ROME. HAPPY SE- NATS See ch. IIII § 4 in Tcna- adjustments The majority of them torii Rom. they stand in the portrait, frequenting among these also Alexander M, , as well as Tiri iilustrcs Homer, Terentius, Horace, and others, all of whom are enumerated below mouse Finally, not a few offerupt pro- tomen d. holding a whip, s. a horse leading to the bridle, by which type to be represented by the command of the Tarians I will reproduce this, but we will teach below in animations, which maneuvers gods are presented, to be images of an water
I remained, as whose command contoured beams, used in some
No
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let us investigate the crisis; for those of Tire We will give a list of the tracks below. have The field did not see Nero's predecessors, as himself testifies, but they were discovered later not a few who oppose Nero. Let me give you a list of all the orders from the more honest ones:
* *
Lullius Caetar He published two of them
lAorellius in Thesaurus impp,
M. Antonius tllvir. Under ^ Hercules cfBgie is presented in the outline of the museum of Caesarea, which will be described below in mj- theological under Hercules*
Augustus, published more of his lius in the praised work, but who most they are the Goltzians. Ynus is in the museum of Cae- a type of hunting in Sareo, another in the Catalogue d'Ennery.
Agrippina the elder See the gods tc seq. § II. and V
Caligula^ whose money we will give in- fra in the forest of Decursions under CHRT- SOLVUS
Nero I met Numi.
Galba One of these exhibits Morel- lius in the Treasury impp.
Fespasiamss, Ejus contorniati Haver- unknown field Several exist in The Morellian Treasury, and the Caesarean Museum.
Domitianus gave Bihos the same Mo- straighter*
Trajan Numi obviL
Antinous Look at his two gods below § V.
Antoninus Pius See E>n8 naroum chap. seq. § VL sat OLEXIVS.
Faustina the elder Its nurous is on Caesarean museum with epigraph: MA-
■ TBF. DEVM to be saved, of which just move on to mythology.
M. Attreius To this conlornial tri- Bnit Oiearius in the epislola, which is in Electis Woltereckii pag. 112, but already above chap. 1. I warned him that he was double-minded it is of metal, not of this class.
Faustina junior His capture indeed in contours hitherto unknown the truth standing will be proposed in the god, which we will give chap. seq. 5.
LucilJa. See the coin in the catalog d* Ennery page 410
Severus This pair of Havercampus he drew from Panvinius the rich Dutchman only threw, in ho- that the head of Severus was in front, and and nowhere else is his contomiatnm if he is allowed to find it, he likes to differ in faith.
Caracas Some of them exist at Havercampus, in the Caesarean museum, and elsewhere
Atexander Severus To this Havercam pus, and others attribute to the gods, in which The lion's head was removed from the roof. ALEXANDER, insists that these are true .rather than Al^exandri M., we decided to capiie seq. § 3.
Constantine 3f. You have a twist chapter seq. § 5. He also had Has he given away two puss? 5o and 5i itself, as we shall prove below animadvcrs to the gods of maneuvers Ipsigncm we will give another §. IV. under Pugitfttu^
Magfientius The god is evil to this one We deal with the Havercampo tribute below I will soon praise him.
Desire CreditusHavercaropoDe«
a) Pag. 49. b) Pa^. 136.
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203
Siderias Caesar is a Pole Desiderias auiiga yi Julian A bad lawyer from God on the bed of Antoninus Pius. See below chapter seq. § 6 under OLEXIYS. £st ta- men io museo Princ. tle Waldeck con- lathe, in front of which is a protome Lulian's helmet clj^ peum. Jovian This money, to give me is given, ambiguous, or spurious cam below in the comments The gods of the Cilrsions. Uonorius gave Binos to HaTCrcampus and another museum at Theupoli. Theodosius IL gaTit Taninius in his Supplement ad Bandurium Pla. Valentinianus, Five Tarios found Havercampus. Anthemius His name epigraph tI- liata H.OS. HERACLEUS Her- remember d. club^ •#• lion skins he supports a naked roll flattering himself,^ at the bottom: ANDREA. (Tannin Suppl. They are banned. p. S^S.) Yidetor to be a child Telephus . From this catalog we see, Aug. some store none, others very few, Nero and Trajan in great numbers dedicated to him Why in these two ob- Those who have been so diligent in keeping these the names to be struck careTcre, probably We will give some reason under chapter Y. But in others, either neglecting or par- by inserting only them the decision se- I think the skins are clear, and so are we there must be reasons why it is acceptable to bring them rites of Homer, Horatio, etc. ignored among others, of no less renown, were the Greeks and the Romans.
C A P r T 111.
Of the types of contomiums in particular.
Havercampas catalog rum according to the heads of the emperors, and He told the illustrious soldiers what had happened. vX turn away the same, and these with they are common to many who command It would be necessary to repeat the work. I, who in these gods the opposite parts of the head You already know these emperors elsewhere I can see more, make me straight I think it would be a good idea to list them and explaining most of the adverse pre- wild When I am afraid of these multiples tant, Taria and swimmers, I think it is necessary to attribute those articles in Tariot, qoorom I. mythological completor ^ U. histo-
rich, HL illustrious persons, and first indeed, heroes, kings, de- hence the men of learning. lY. spec* table, which we divide into nes, 2 in hunting, 3 in boxing, 4 in scenic* V. Contorniatos with tj- known to the householders. VL Nomos ex- ambiguous folds/
f • L Mythological*
Cybele and Atys in lion's den
team Homer's head (Gessner impp. tab. XLY. noun 3o.) Augusti^ (Catal. dTnnerj.) No. 3
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PSEUDOMONETA
Nero (Morelli Impp.) Fespasiani Trajan (Mus. Farn. Haverc.) In numo Yespasiani above the team of suni two cly* pei^ of which one insculpatuB leoj the other cancer^ at the bottom a woman sitting kumi. (Mu8. Farnes.)
Of Cybele and Atyos that is to say, all thologists need adfatim. Ad- rich in Yespasian's god Leo and Cancer undoubtedly belong to astrology to inquire into the connection of which with Cjbele he is tired The woman sitting on the hook is sure Teus, over whom Cybele presides.
MOTHER DEVM to be saved
Temple^ for the entrance of which he was sitting
Cybele interduos teonesj s. drum"
Alys d. PS
dunif s. clinging to a pine tree
AGRIPPINA MOTHER AVGVSTI Ca-
the well of Agrippina the elder" (Morelli in
Agrippina sen.) In another: DIVA AVGV-
8 TA. FAVSTINA I took Faustina sen.
forbidden (Mus. Caes.)
Again Cybele with sno Atye, whom tjpum expHca¥iin the gods of Faustina se- more For it is the same in numo max. mode with the head of this Augusta in rou- The king of the Gauls, however, is to be suspected that this too is from the contoured fa- thousands, because "according to all causes if He is most proud of the praised god of Rousei Caesa- place the head of Fau- the branch of the cistern is no doubt contorted he does There are indeed also the same Au- taste of the bronze numis with the same insertion nor, in the same type of seated Cybeles, but the temple and Atjs are absent. And
bunc roodo tjpum minters, incer- then, for what reason, when Agrippina sen. shared .
For the sake of argument I am attaching a coin •equent :
Galtus gave birth to himself." tooth, the Phrygian cap lies Head of Fespasian. (Morelli Imp.)
The well-known fury of the priest Cybeles, qni They were called gatli, «t Aiyos example in to exercise one's own body How can we cover the god here? no shame reveals eternal corruption on the subject of the mind. laces next to pi Leo Phrygian; mroirum ea rabies Phrjr- the most powerful gas, and occupied the Galatians. m
a wolf sitting on the rock watching next to the eagle; I stood by the figure of a soldier Iaris holding the horse by the bridle DIVO.IVLIO Head of Julius Caesar (Mo- rell Iropp. and whether family lily)
The solution to this problem is difficult. Money Schlegelius himself is made a contemporary of Caesar, quo cei-tefallitnr Havercampus horses He thinks that the translation will be presented *).
m - • ♦
Eacchus standing naked adf He stretches out a panther, s. ihyrm sfsm around him sattani hine ii^ bicina^ to him another woman Htyrsum throwing a boy one foot from there the other holding a branch
Head of Trajan (Mus. Caes.). Caracalla
(Mus. Caes. Uavercamp^)
Bacchus rode on panthers bigis praecedenie Saiyroj comC- so fibiciHa
a) to Morell whether family page ng.
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285
Head of Nero (Harerc. Morelli.) JVo- Janu (HaTerc. n. 20 er 70)
T^pi and others I have known abundantly.
Mara is naked, with her foot at the prow of the ship the imposition of a rush with spear and scale. I was captured by Nero, in another by Thespasians. (Mo- rell Impp.)
Marching Mars d. spear I will go paeum^ and today the prostrate cal' dog* I took Fespasianus. (Theopolis.)
Mars was brought up the stairs TroX/d^i^rK^, ssrdium conqueror^ in what worship exists "then in the gods of Bizja Thrace.
Diana sitting on the opposite side of Endgmius a sleeping snow, to which I lay a dog Cupid flying high* I was taken by Nero. (Mns. Farn.) Trajg^ni^ (Haverc.) Lucille. (Catal. d'Ennery.)
Known to Diana as shepherd of Latium affected, from the business of love the rest ene., but to this one, as they say, the fault • ncurobentis With these medals, as it is quite probable, in the circus and on the stage they have ceased to be used, and many of them related in them they throw Tictorias, I have stored the allegory in this place, Qoalem aobit ofiert epigram Leon- tii«)s
^PiXaTO* fjLV^sv9Tcu roiu ^oiKa/yevieg, Nw Ss fsog rtg fjLuSog aetctsrui, dg rw^a
Ofifiura %ai iij>^^ (pi^aro Tlo^pv^iv,
^fichisen Fenus ^ to him Endymion Luna
He loved; old people talk like that
A new song will now be sung
bula^ how promptly Fictoria
I'll make him love the car Porphyg'
rii^
Nempje of the driver.
"
Hercules with Nessus the Centaur pw
gna. I was captured by Alexander the Great. (Catal. d*Ennery.)
Place the naked head of Hercules Berculefi with a lion shining, (Mus. Caes.) On the back of this god features they refer to M. Antonius of the capital; at con- ttat also of this she bound him to Hercules, and there is a god Alcandrinus, in which ts is also proposed to Hercules in the ritual.
Scylla was hounded by dogs and in bi^
the nose of a dolphin ending in a tail
erect divergent to him
d
seized from the ship and diverted^ addr
I am bringing a partner in a hat
defending with a dagger; others appear
swimming in the gurgit^ behind the tree.
I took the shelter of Alexander the Great
(Morelli Iropp.) Fespasiani ^ (Catal. d' Enneiy) Trajam, (Mus. Caes. Ha?erc. whether 23 and 36. Mus. Farn.) BOMA. The helmeted head of Rome, (Theup. p. 772.) This type of illustrious person is ill-advised by your understanding can't even be explained well there was a cessation. And Hayercampus I will who stood three times, and was again refuted of course right then he brought forth his own, but so ra- a) Bimck Anal. Tom. III. page 105* Digitized by Google 286 PS^VDOMONETA. ga and fluctuance, as defined, where con- if it should be stopped, it would not be sufficiently repelled. For * He and most of the others are generally afraid to acknowledge the purpose of this type of Scjlla, but partly not to understand, which the deed of this monster is expressed by it, "partly because of the fact that the argument and this from the life of that prince, whom He stands in front, as if to explain and what follows is one and the same type with princes, both in age and mo- It was necessary to settle the most important issues. 12th with Alexander M., Nero, Trajan, and finally Rome, which with it would be difficult, he decided to subsidize the allegories god Yocare, which, if you are a little dexterous, you can convert in all forms. At- that Tel these alone with the effigy of ScjIIae the coins prove enough by themselves, that with the upper head I was occupied, in in this fleet of numbers in the ancient parts be of the same accord with those who turn away the wolves and the lambs as much as he met with a heart. Ad \jpum nt come back, graphically propo- it is said that Homer of Vlyssus through then to travel to Sicily, to the intrigues of Scylla, and he rang with the calamity of his allies *). Ex the tribes of Iris, who stand on the deck of the ship better for the reason of the hat, which covers the head Tljsses is certain. Right hand sword he intends, he wears a cloak on the left 18 according to Homer, when Scylla stood would approach the bulls
Axnet^ iyco KaTaSvg 'tthurcc Tiv\Sct^ xai
Max^* iif X'C^" i^co», itg Ih^iol vvjCg
i^uipof.
Moreover, I am clothed in splendid robes,
and two rods When they were taken long into the tnanus, they were laid out in layers board a ship I will move the destruction of the comrades elegantly nettarius according to the words of the poet exprs- it:
To^Qu Ss f£Ot SxuXXiy cyKUJ)u^r,g ix trfig
Ef ^XffS' , 7t X^^^'* *'''> ?'ffP' '^^ fe^S(H>i
ii shipmates Six ahstutit ^ who with hands and power they were the best. To the form of Scjlla that aligns, noTo to reheat, which at six pence. apple I have mentioned it more widely. That's one thing do, excellently shaded in these gods Tirgilius ScjlJam, who mentions ad- the riches of hell to this roonstro delphinuin tails, and dogs, which are called wolves latb):. The dolphin's tails were committed to the pores The same bronze simulacrum of Scylla and yyyyssis argument standing of Constantinople, reports Niceborus Cho- c) It is strange, what both laboriously and unknowingly with Addison, who may be the last He commented on this issue, no questionably flawed use of the model, argument then istnd to explain the cooali;8 ^). " Belletophon from Pegasus with Chi^ fighting sorrow a) Odysseus M. 228. «cq. b) Aen. III. 430 p, 110. d) Dlal. upon the usefuln. of anc. racd. c) Bandur Impcr. Orient L. VI. Digitized by Google PSEUDOMONETA 287 Head of ^Alexander M* Angelonus, who published this says^), not Bellerophon from Fegasus, but I put Alexander Severus at the head He rode from the horse with Chimaera competing Tidif. I prefer the hero Co- Rinthius was restored to his right, the nara of the god We have no doubt that the judgment of the wing A special PegASO* Amphion and Zethus stepmother Dir» snatching a cett tied to a bull. First of all, the god Trafanus. (Mus. Com^ Vi- tzai.) We have already seen Eundera tjppm in the forest Aerasus, and Lydia's city of Thyatira ONLY myiCTO. Sot against £n team. (^aput Alexander M. (Havcrc. p. 38.) BOMA. He wears the helmet of Rome. Bottles for dogs, etc., as soon as pra. (Teupolis p. 772.) S APICNTIA. Pallas standing d. law ri , vet oil branch* honor AUGUST I took HonoriL (Tannin Suppl.) In the book of Constantine M. it is read SA- . PIETY PRJNCIPIS tjpo nocluae. ^. n* Historical* Find an example of this technique from Histaria Teteril was drawn. S ABINA Roman soldiers rnpina occupied the spine, put three Obeisance to the goals of Circensium constituents Head of Atexander M. (Harerc. p. i.) ivif- rotiis^ (Morelli Impp.) Constantius II. (Banduri T. II. p. 878. Mus. Florent. tab. C.) That of Agrippina graph: AGRIPPINA M. F. MAT, C. CAESAR AVGVSTL (Mus. Prinu. of Waldeck.)
Illata all Sabinorom gehti an injury, how much more honorably should I be silent to Thee" turias and denarius of every nation stand, i.a to reslitue even these contours cooked The goal is established, as the completed con'- the place of the mound is meant, the Circus ni- strange for these games are not of the Consuals. mine acts Circenses said Val. Max- mouse ^) , and others
5. IIL Those persons.
E^s I. in heroes, heroes^ reg Heroesy heroides^ kings. Achilles PENTILE Achilles was lying on the ground Penthesiiea ^igit^ put the horse also prostrated. The head of the god Traj^ni. This coin was first published by Ocoo, whence Harduinus drew him, and his sH)i made an image, such as he wanted, pro- and put xsl to his Pliny c). Veruro de- Jewish iconism popularized the Far- Nesian<^), but in which, without age Doubtful of injuries, Tocabnlum is missed PENTESILEA, what was done, as his a) Hist. Aug. p. 230 V. lab. VII n. 2. b) L. II. c. 4. «) Torah. I. where VII. whether, 2. d> T«m. Digitized by Google 288 PSEUDOMONETA the herald Pedrusias averted in explaining typo would deviate far from the truth. Sincere i^itor of the god collatns each nu« supplied the mouse. Argument pre- Q. Calaber explains clearly, who with Penthesilea, queen of the Amazons, who from the Trojans he stood at odds with Achilles He would tell of the meeting with Mars, he reports, Pe- I found the Amazon in one fell swoop, and to whom she had mounted, she had knocked over the horse, herself I fell down with a horse when I contemplated tur Achilles, so beautiful that he had relieved her by a miracle bus, and led to penitence for the murder The Trojans were ordered to the ground by adding re« All these things when Calabri's prayer was given correctly proposes Compare with this god a gem that exists in the Florent museum. Tom. II. tab. 33 whether 2, as well as a clay lamp at Licettus^, and The bell tower, which is from the museum of Hamil- toni said Tischbeinius AENEAS. Aeneas Anchi8enhum ro e/fereus ^ and Ascanius d^ pte^ hensus trafwns Cnput Neronia. (Morelli Impp.) Trajani. (Mus. Caes. Haverc.) Learned argument from mjmis others with the Greeks, as well as the Lalini* " Her hero; the tower of LEANDRFM waiting for the floating sea above Cupid. In heaven: Hero stand on the tower d, hold out the lamp dit^ natat feme Leander^ sits on on the shore a fisherman cast a hook into the sea Head of Fespasian. (Morelli Impp. Hu» Farn.) * " Laocoon with two sons involving the top of the spirals. Head of Nero (Mus. Caes.) Fespasiani. (Morelli Irapp.)
An image taken from the famous Laoco
■ of the signs, one of which, oHm hor-
the G1<)ria of the Yaticans, now Lute-
of the Parisians with the admiration of Tisitnr.
" « «
Penthesilea Take a look at it
Achilles '
"
ACT Hope THESEUS Theseus helmeted standing naked with a spear and on the shield of the Centaurs holding the lyre He moved his neck with his hand on his knees for forces to lie down Head of Nero (Morelli Imp.)
Theseus com Centauris in aroici Pi* rilhoi nbptiis meeting, and others among He reports that Eurytus was strangled by two members Ovidius ^y Who is the sentence juxta the age of writing, and in what agreement with this After these things were collected, others inquired If it pleases him to write unconsultingly, by no means so much respect for the readers, I would say when Havercampus: Theseus imagines himself for that he set Achilles as a model be tarred «). Papa! therefore * Theseus to himself Achiller proposed many years after him born Centanros also played music We are taught by the example of Chiron. Vi* of ai*gumenttfm not abaimile in gemma Florentine Museums ^),
a) Paralip. L. I. v. 566. seq. b) of Light. ant. p. 886. c) Vol. IL lab. 5.
d) Apple. XII. 227- 'e) to Impp. Morellii T. II. p. 93. 0 Tom. IL lab. 39 n. 1.
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289
§J Without epigraph. Head of Alexander M. nudum^ nuapiciens heaven. A woman sitting with a towering head, etc. the rest see below ff. VL no. /. (Herec. p. i.) 2J Without epigraph. Head of Alexander M. Diadepiatum STEPHENS. Hieronica in the team d. crown the palm tree (Theopolis.)
3J Without epigraph. Head of Alexander
M. diadematum^ the sky of the su^piciens
ALEXANDER. MAG. MACEDON. Ale-
xander knighted Jiastam into a barbarian pro^
twisting the bed (Mus. Gaes.)
UJ ALEXANDER. MAGNVS MA- CEDO. Head Diadem looking up to the light Rapture of the Sabines as above. (HaTerc. page I.)
5J ALEXANDER. MAGNVS MA- CEDO. Head of Alexander M. You have taken off the roof of the lion. I SHOULD BE INVITED. Sunshine on the team. (Theopolis.)
6) ALEXANDER. MAG. head down a thousand NVSMACCpNMONIMVS. Fir rock in sidenSf and looking back. (Theopolis.)
IJ ^ine epigraph. Head of Alexander M. diademed, and with com looking at the ram Fir standing naked d. fiagellum^ s. a snake he strangles the rising one. (Mus. Caes.)
8) Alexander Alexander's head dri M. eonius took off the roof. Circus (Haverc. n. 48.) Bellerophon with Chimaera fighting. (ibid. d* 49.) Scylla^ as above. (Mu8. Caes.)
9J ALEXANDER. MAGNVS MA- CEDO. You removed the head of the lion roof so son)
OLTMPIAS QUEEN Tgpus, ui below. (Mus. FriDC. de Waldeck.)
ALEXANDER A lion's head You got rid of the roof. D. N. IHS. XPS THE SON OF DELIV Donkey the chick is suckling with its head raised. Of the singular I did a great deal with this god in the old town. 174
We do not repeat here what was said about the rio capital cultn, as well as oapite in coe- lum yerso in the ejjas of the king's money in abundance learned However, not everyone's opinion they agree, to whom all Alexander these gods are to be given. In fact, in mis octaya sede described by the antiquary already from Eriz^o most of them, and later I myself also proposed Hayercampus To say Alexander Seyer. Ju?at to know their causes in a few at the same time, to refute at the same time. They go first, from yul- you are recognized as the son of Mamaea, without any Tero in agreement with the king of Macedon; and this one who that was to be recognized, in which heaven looks up, but not in those, of whom* we are driving a bus But indeed I will admit made in these yultum a little Alexan- dro M. to meet; But whether and confi- the tooth will be able to be confirmed, knowing him Alexander Sev. Do I look like I'm gone? Sa- not from the gods of those Greeks, or even if mules, in which they have certain his king's capture, it appears, how varied and" directing him from the artists of the line- Menta should be given to the tribe as usual, just as it is today of his certain, Teraque form often mul- and it will be litigated. So it will be easy Alexander M., however unfortunate so often expressed we have Nero also, and Traja whether, whom in several groups hu-' The right of the class of gods would not be recognized unless
O a
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PSEUDOMONETA
Jayaret's address Deniqae in namo you have exactly the same head as le inr the god of the eighth seat is seen; but no one will doubt it because of the Alexander the Magnificent was said to be M.; from It follows that there are also others quite similar to this one, even though in these ro MA« GNVS should be missed, But for, they say, it was the same notnen and PhiJippi IL and Ma- maae fiiio, as it appears from Lam* the day before, it was brought to him by the senate Ma' Even if the name 4 is not accepted, it can rant him of the latter a^vi artists Ale zandri M. to paint the habit But I would like it yel from all this troop of contortionists the only example to be cited is that but, to them only the name of the Roman prince to have been inscribed as usual after subtracting everything with the title of imperial majesty, so as to only NERO, velTRAlANVS, as in these only ALEXANDER. acce- he says, that he had indeed commanded some things that do not content with honor, He gave the majesty of perdition, to invade foreigners; thus Comddus Herculea^ Caracalla \^/e- xander 3/. be said to be propalal with a bird. But Commodus is never mentioned in heaven I believe only that, but see Hercules Au" gu8tu8y or Manus^ never Cara- Alexander the Great was only brave but I do. ANTONINO GREAT. Accordingly, if the head were in these numbers Alexander Severus, by no means with which at least his names or titles They were omitted, and what follows, them You will deliver them all safely to the king of Macedonia. Cause sam, why is he so freqwenter into this? the army of the Jews was received, not elsewhere I'm guessing that I don't know who
men from victories and excellence it was a mere coincidence, that both de- cus also affected the athletes of the Circus the makers of these numbers.
♦ *
OLTMPI AS fin pleHsque Olim-
PIAS.y QUEEN, Olympiasvela-
lying on the bed facing the right
He stretched out the rising serpent
8" rests on a dolphin,
Head of Nero (Morelli Impp.) Trajani.
(Havercamp. nuro. 68.) Caracailae. (Cat.
d'Ennery.) Alexahdri M. (Mus. Pric, de
Waldock.)
Without epigraph. The same type except which for the dolphin is simple .ie^ I took the support Head of Nero (Mus. Caes. and elsewhere.)
Olympias from the dragon Alexandra M. conceived, betrayed by many, and especially Plutarch in his life of the king why do they allude to the present numo- type ram Olympiad also on this side of my the dragon could have been put on the bed to receive, thinks Lucian, since near Pella Macedonia the cheek of the serpent was also tractable which happened to be known to the queen with the dragon familiarity will give occasion to the vulgar of the rumor of conception, as Lucian himself casts, from the dragon Alexander ^). del pine, on which the queen leans, pure pu- then the ornament of the bed was seen, and hil to contribute to the type.
NIKOKPeHN. See below in A^m^
chain
"
♦ "
PETRONIVS MAXIMUM (yes)
fk) in the Pseudomantle.
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291
V. C. CONS. Petronius the consul
He is sitting dressed in the dress of the king d. I want
men, «• a staff with an eagle^ in
large purses filled with coins
one of which was released from the gods for
"" they ordered*
Head of Valentinian 111. (Bandar. Theu*
pole page 824.) Iifiaginum of this god
Yide at Taninium Tab. YIII instead of
afraid
These are the names of Fetronium Maximus by Yalentinianus III. to the highest honors promoted, but unwelcome, who he killed the king by deceit, and arrested the government son £ju8 iroperantes numoa-in the same this Yolumine page 190" with Iorniati hnjas, which Petronius still priTati is, one part the same Yalentinian si- atit, the other Petronius, as I said, prira- so, and so it was said, ``I will be the most famous.'' and CONS»/ei/i In fact, he was twice that Tinian had resigned as consul, £&• they teach It is also proposed with con- wearing insignia, such as a shift and a sceptre aquilifero, that qaidemrutrumqae in ivu- I met with But never yet con- look at the purses filled with coins, but what also relevant to the consulate really Of course those who went to the consulate they are throwing money at the solemn parade usual This is clear from Noyella Lustinia ni^): Let the sun scatter gold impe- rio, to whom alone even the gold should be kept before* stands the pinnacle of fortune, but Argenius^ soon after gold will become the most precious thing we give to him with other sewings fitting, Yide I'll stick to it in this fashion anger in the treatment of Caesar's Consuls in the end
Firi eru4ition, or otherwise famous.
(OMHPOC. Caput Homerinudum bearded
Fir brining the horse. QILxxs. C^es.) C^ nice with Atye in the team of lions. (Gess- ner from the museum Pfau Impp. tab. XLY. 3o.) Fir helmeted and standing with paws etc. see the rest below ff. FL
A long discourse on Homer it does not matter. ATcrsas snis places ex- folded yide
SOCRATES Bini feruntar sommi contoured by this philosopher. These he drew the Hayercampos from Yrsinot with honor CXIKPATHC. A bare, bearded head. It is not added what was his ayersa. Pedrasius brings forth another from the museum of Far- Nesian ^), in whose front is the head of a bar- batum no added epigraph, nor eti- I am quite able to follow those who are impelled by them for reasons that the head is supposed to be that of Socrates to attend
ANAHAFK02 written next to an old man's bald head^ from the opposite side juvenile head written next to : NI- KOKPEflN. OTEN EMOTION 20T. E2TAL AK- KIZHMENOT.
With these yerbs, the god is described here Catalog d^Ennerj pag. 443, presenting the image of the philosopher Anaxarchus, "his- what was said, when Nicocreon Cj- with a ruler in a mortar
•) CIU Til. VL c. 2. b) Tom. Y. tab. I n. 0.
O 0 2
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PSEUDOMONETA
about what Diogeneft LaertiusSy Plotarchut VaU Maximus But I am afraid, as before if this deity Greek spelling mistakes, swelling inso- the excitement of that idiosyncratic sentence
iQ^ophis put forth with his mouth.
"
TERELNTiyS. Chapter mtdum tPh
b&rbe* - - - 1 VS. The man will lead the horse by the bridle. (Mo- of Speoim. page* 47.)
From the writings of P. Tereniius Cartbaginiensis best known for fables
SAL VSTIVS A VTOR Head number
while bearded men are beardless for others.
PETRONI please 7>m civilian men
a/autes etc. see the rest in the gallery below*
lu aiiis other aversaejam known.
On this day C. Saliuilius Critpus returned
The most famous Roman writer.
• •
H0RATIV8. bare head berbe ALS AN, A man leading the epfum. (Ha- verse p. i5a.)
One with another aTcrsa, but whose tj- but from the mere registration I understand, ?ide io Catalogo d^Ennerj p. 444-
Exhibits the deity of Q. Horace Flac- with the beginning of the Roman Ijra.
APOLLONIUS TYANE VS. Head
A bearded man. STEFAN. NIKA. Stephen drove in team (^aTOrc* p. i52.)
Ilabes the image of Apollonius Tjaneus,
among the thaumatorgic nethers, cojos pre* and insomnia unworthy of a philosopher Phiiostratns ploribas iibris enarraTit, «t he was able to give praise. Con)ectoram I was admitted in good name sit, Tide inlra in Decursions fob Ste^ phasms
APVLEIVS Caputjuvettilerepinz
tied with hair A bearded soldier standing and watching the temple a column, the pinnacle of which has three heads of humor they have been imposed. (Morelii Spee. p. 45*)
L. Apuleius was born under the name of Madaora of the day, on the second day, Christ was born Cttlo among illuttriores philotophot hahi* tut, who had stood in Constantinople He tells us that he was in the gymnasium of Zeuxippus Chrittodorut «).
"
Aliot, moreover, in the nu^ of this class Patinns testified that he had sent himself, P}* Thagoras, Solon, Diogenes, Vir- Gilius, Otius, Seneca ^) but qooa I have not yet found any contours.
§ IV. Shows.
LuTat most frequently in the type of branches, in which* to divide the classes into maneuvers nations, pugitatus, scemca. Not yet the reader demands from me, that, when similar I mention the types, I also explain to them push me to stick further, partly because longer in the eloquent commentaries they bring weariness, partly because they which to the spectacles of the nation they belong to the ram, learned a long time ago by Tires
a; Anal. Bruugk Toia. II. page 467- b) in his Suelonius pag. 468- *) I can vouch for it, indeed, but not as a class of contorniators, who myself and I treated the roans in the com museum. Vilzay. No, edit.
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occapAta sanly quoram lacubrations see iu Graeyii tome 9, , and GronoYii tome III
We tied the cherry with all my ar* natUy eidecurrenH6usp$adrigi9. ' Head of Alexander Af., Neronie^ lYajani^ Caracalla to him. I came across the names of the catalogs
Conveniently, this fleet is a Cirque ma- we see at once, in which it was accomplished, I will give a picture of the following name they will Many talents are present I was formed to know the Circus and ornaments.
Let the driver herself succeed, aiTe the names of the cavalry.
ALSAN Fir e^umpaimae ramo take the bridle of gold.
The head of Haratius, of which above * (HaTerc.) ^ ARTEMIVUS WIN impe- RATOB. full More in what drigin d. passionate and passionate the palm
son of Ilonorius (TheupoIL)
The second part of the letter is surprising, how
I do not attempt to apply *).
AVRELIANVS« Bieronica standing in a chariot supported by four horses the men marching slowly on holding crown with shield patmam^ and looking*
Head of Nero (Mus» Caes.) Trajan*
(Prince of Waldeck.)
B ABVLVS Hieronica in the middle of the heart pore d. ftageUum, to bridle a horse retiueSi put ^'uspileus
OLYMPIAS QUEEN, of whom above (Prince of Waldeck.)
"
BONIFATIVS Hieronica d. co- ronam with scu^ica^ s. patmae ra^ fnsmtening in the lens team versfus veAitur^ the imam part occu^ pant four monograms ptu^ res singufa letters continenlia^ The head of Piacidius Faientinianus.
Numum luxnc long ago Ducaiigius in with his lower body He issued it to the king of Galliarurus, and restored it Bandurius, HaTercampus num* 55^ ali- and you have it in the museum of Theupoli. Mul<- t0 before another very similar one was published by Octave Strada, except that here is golden it is carried, and the chariot by cerTis, not by horses Tracy But for others who judge cio Stradanus it is neus, and the same with that which koc instead we gave lam Tcro and auspicious is Ducangias, wrongly from Strada ha- biio># cerTOs, who drives horses, and what il- where the horns are Tisa, there is nothing else but palm branches rising from the head .quera cultnm equis Tictorius tribute passira these numbers of the class ofiPert In the spring these lcTiora. Major pre-work to know that, who is Bofiifatius in this god proposed. Ducangius ^), Bandurius, HaTcrcampus, and Horura Gibbon's authority relied on it they all conspire, to understand Boni- made by Honorius Ar- famous for war, the prefecture of Afri- ca^, the first guard and defender of the government, then the traitor, after that Drive the vandals from Spain into Africa
•) He argued. whether inf. of the age § 60 b) Hist. of the dccline Ch. 33 note 32 *) Noroina equoi-um cxistlmcs, see infia in TOXXGTES» Not. etc.
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Titus, at which time he commanded Pla. Go- Leotinianus, the head of another god page offers From this command they say that Bonifacio made the permission because things which have lately been done admirably for the government triumph expressed in this god. But They are pushing me to another point of view rare reasons. And for the first time we have an example of the fact that some illustrious jds, and his sjnchrons into this He brought a class of numofum, what kind of tri- nymphus to the husband of rep. excellent credit granted then would it have been worthy of Bo- Tictute's reward for his skill is excellent the memory of these achievements commit bua? But it is also strange Let us be afraid, Tirum^ so far and the first among the chiefs of the seat, cni certainly not names other than honorific titles to be absent, simply by the name of Bonifacio notarized, without any other added argument ment, to be publicly remembered as such, as we read written in the same gods EYTIMIVS, STEFANVS, OUMPIVS etc. which was made of the dregs of men, gold gae, boxers, bestiaries, etc. Is it above? We were afraid of the fleet of not a contemporary of the throne of Maximus Boniface just say Yirutn Clarisimo^ and CON- He was seated in his consular habit proposed? It had been easy in the same way, and from the common custom of his age, this illustrious Bonnerfacius with some addition to adorn with a title of honor, which ,tit the African stone issued by Scipio Maf* feio-):
happy HVIVS VBBIS rest TORI COM. Boniface V. C.
Finally, if this coin Teh'$ with fr»- To contribute to the tribe, you will easily be afraid of war to this triumphal nous another addition was added gnaia, than which also by the hand of the originals they brag, not even dropping their shields, insi- gni, drivers, not Teros triumphatoribua propHo. This Boniface, therefore, is safer who, in the manner of a driver, proposes I will we will say, and let it chance, that it was the same at the same time as the driver with Tindice imperii nomiqis, as in the same way Valentinianus was under the command of Petronifis Tir to be consular, who from time to time commanded the and Petronius the actor, of whom below in ScenictB, as well as Eugene Augustus and Eugene the driver.
The letters are placed at the bottom, and between each other and they are of the same nature, whose sot other gods of the kings of the Goths from thence Anastasius met frequently. I was listening to attempt the unfolded ref^rmidavit right, but tried, who high all things, Ha Tcrcampus ^), by which fortune, they will decide learned It is likely that these four mo- Nograms to indicate the names quataor of the horses, below whom they are mounted, whom We shall say below that the custom was established in those ages in TOXXOTES Symbols like ett- I am in contorniato one Trajani, the other Caracalla Museum Princ. of Waldeck.
* • ♦
CERVOMTIVS Hieronicain emr- ru from some of the horses mentioned in the carriage ^ 9tans looking at him d. crowned with scutica, s* a palm branch. Head of Caracalla. (HaTerc.)
CHRYSOPULUS Cash cam with this mention of these Tcrbis described re-
a) Mouse Veron, p. l66-7. b) Pag. 126-
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295
I live in the village of Thenpolis among the gods max. mode •)
C. CAESAR AVG. German CVS; PON. TA. TR. P. Head Caligula with laurel before the head CHRTSOPOLVS. (but the letter in- (scratches) Fictorinqu€tdrigisd, coronamy M. paimam. It is not necessary that this should be the case one of the Contornias, but not two bium, TO Chrgaopolis is the name of the agitate** toris parlis averse, but why illnd in an- I do not know, nor do I know to follow the price of work.
COSMVS Ficlor standing d. blowing group spear^ in the hollow. 8ERACVSVS. A victorious horse with a patma in the head^ in the hollow (Theopolis.)
Seracus is the name of the horse, whose arersa presents tjpum, it will be said below TOXXOTES
DID NC Protome of the male C€h
bearded and naked a horse
keeps the bridle
MACCOMMO* Fir head perched on a cliff
supporting and respecting the left (Ha-
verse No. 73.) In another: FELICITAI^I.
AVGG. Ship. (Catal. d^Ennerj p. 440^.)
All who remember this pure
they determined that the protomen of the front was Deside-
of him, whom Magnentius Caesar's brother
given a title, which, as they say, ma-*
fiefisto makes the epigraph DESID. KC,
that is to say: J^obilissimus Caesar I don't want you
I would like to give this honor to Caesar in
happy, especially with his certns of another
Geneva is not yet known, but
I think he gave him this honor from a stranger
then Finally, this and what is relevant which I brought above to Bonifacio. An for I am able to propose to Caesar to imagine, who carried a shield in his hand then the driver pays? Which is why no The reason is so important to me, that it is completely I think the rest of the argument is Eyanid the most requested from the additional NC. Nor for me with learned yiris to those who affirm, to those letters to Us" Caesar should be mentioned, but rather be contracted NfCa^, as just below we will have John NICAS So and so we read CS for CAE- SAR, like many others of the lower century I will refrain from examples. Finally, whether let it be like this, in the monument of Rome to become the public honor of his man mention, who together with the brothers Ma- Gnentio, and Decentio the cement with Did he wage war on the sons of Constantine?
About the inscription MACCOMMO bad read see below § 6* in NVSMACCON REMINISCENCES
DOMNINVS Hieronica d. have nose holding a palm branch in the lens of the horse's team dew
Head of Trajan. (Mus. Caes.) Alexan-
dri M. (C. Vilzai.)
LORD PHILOCOMVS. Hi- ronica d. scutica, r. patmae ra^ mum in the tent team against rides
The head of Severus (Hayerc. no. 63.)
ELIANVS tfieronica standing in a chariot drawn by four horses
a) Pag. 772.
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PSEUDOMONETA
irakwtif looking at him d. souiicam^ 8, palm branches
Forehead of a man's head bare d. scuiicam^ s.
the horse was reined in by the bridle, around the liiera MVPR
inwardly of the scalp^ to pay him with silver.
(Mus. Princ. de YValdeck. C. VilzaL)
Evgenius Hieronica d. chorus nam^ s, palm branch opposite I will ride in a team of young men equorumpalmtferorum^ to whom to^ write names SPECIOSVS DI- GNVS ACHILLES You longed for it.
I took Honorius. (Hayercamp. nUxn. 64.) Added to these four referent names
give them the horses, we will teach them below in
TOXXOTES
EYTHYMIVS, or EVTVMIVS, vei E VT IM l VS Hieronica d. scu • iicam with a crown, s. palm trees mum in a team of horses adversary of the enemy:
I fell to Nero, to Trajan, to Honorius,
(Hayerc. Mus. Caes. elsewhere.)
Of course WIN Prologue I have a bearded and naked head. bridle the horse d. scuicamj make merry
The emperor's knight galloped, elaia, hti*
I was angry with him. (Mus. Caes.)
EVTIML VINICAS fsicj ^uri- ga against a team of soldiers d^ the crown^ s, the palm branch^ in itno MVSALLIGER physical
I gave him the epigraph of Theodosius M., in aii
Hosts (Tannins. Suppl. to Bandur.)
EVTIMIVUS, below: TYRIEL CAT - - - Hierotucasiansinme^ the god of the two horse lovers.*
I took Trafani. (Havercamp. num. 3o.)
There is no doubt that Euthymius here moved Tarius dis written is one and the same, ortho- the laws of the graph then went on miserably. play HaTercampo *) with this name for * an athlete is placed, who in the time of Xerxes He flourished, whose notable victories were praised They were followed by Pausanias, Pliny, etc Aelianus of Tariis Histories. But for Euihymus is called the writer of these not, as all these names are spoken, Euihjfmius; then from today's testimony Eulhymus was here depicted by the authors, but according to the gods present, and pre- the last one, the driver. Deniqae and- A cry may win a man even at the same time with the rest who are in these a reminder of the gods, aociat, Tidetorqoe flourished under Theodosius M. and Honorius whose heads in some of these pro- are placed
The words of TYRIEL CAT - . god do not stress because they are missing I try playful Taninio di^Tidendom TO- cabolooi MVSALLIGER, so that MVS It signifies the horse so called by the mouse co- lore, ALLIGER for ALIGER the horse another thus touched by destruction.
LISIFONVS. Hieronica d. scooty
cam with crown^ «. paimae ra*
mum in the Genii team of horses
of paintiferous vecisfs^ I took the oath of the pair of the god Augustus, (Mo- reHi Impp. in Aug. tab. 23.)
MANAS Hieronica on the team" Captured by Nero (Theopolis.)
Olympiodorus Hieronica
what are you doing? DtMasirigaesianiescumflageiiis. (Theop.)
»} Pag. 68
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29Z
OlilMPiyS. Ipze loricates itat d, scutica,. s, palm^ branch* The helmeted bald head, Constdntini M. vi9um Havercampo num* 51*
OLYMPIC Jerome 9tans in the fleet mentioned, and the respect d. scutica, s. the crown Nero's head, (H^?erc. nam. i4')
We have here from the two gods anriga* Ctljropinm. Hayercampns j who more sno He likes to arrange a third party in the front, not a certain man from the circus, ae4 Ipaos Narrows, of what imagincm He testifies to the fact that it exists, and these ItODOris cansa called Olympios, perindp and Hadrian's witnesses to the gods. Our in the judgment of Olympius here nif be satisfied with the robbery of the Anriga lot.
PANNONI NIKA. Hieronica in a slow team of horses laden with dew, and looking back I will fight with the crown" t. palm tar mother
PrQfome with bare head and beard d. scutica^
s, holding back a little. (Haverc. no.
71.) Head of Honorius (Tanini SuppL acl
Bandiif«)
SELEVCVS, Hieronica standing d. scutica • «. palm branch^ for let them stand on their feet and rise from the altar" with these palm branches
HieHonica in the fast team. Tj^pus intrinqoe
iDCn^us. (Pembrock P. IIL tab. 118.)
STEFANVS. Hieronica in Gua- dry
Head of Alexander M, (Theiipolis.) Nero*
tris* (Harerc. Morelli Impp.)
STEFANVS. Hieronica naked d. scutica vec^ branch of patma the right of a team of horses paimifen^ rum Head of the god Trafan, (Mus. Farqes.)
STEFAN. NIKA. Hieronica in going against the opposing team _ d.scuticamy s.palmam,. Head of Apolionius of Tyana. (here)
If at any time in any of these gods both parties are interrelated with intent was, perhaps it will not be awkward to conji- cere, reading from Stephanus Hieronica nis cansa of Apollonius Tyanensia capt | What is it that the people of Ephesus are disputing about it? the hour when Siephannus freed Domitia He killed the Romans, they soon want you with a voice and an astonishing likeness with a recovered spirit he began to exclaim: x«X6>^ ZrspaTfSf iiKys ^rspaifSjTCciis rov jsnutpopo^p «^^>?|^^ > ir^Mug , if^txretifug , correctly Sie^ Well, Stephen, let the murderer die you have struck and wounded, and killed a woman believe the same story, but also sporadically Dio and Philostratna both tell the same thing.
• • • '
VRSE.VINCAS Firnadussians
d. elataflagellum\ s.demissa pal-
May branch*
Protome with bare head d. a fiery spear
ticamj s. holding back the horse, put the pal
I branched out. (Haverc. num. 5o»)
You have all the answers here marked by name, as many as can be found yours Erizsus testifies, however, that it does not matter HaTcrcampus ^)^ found another adhnc for himself
s) L. 67 § 18. b) Villa Apollo Bius L. VIH. c. 26. e) Pag. 156 {FgLrm.) Pp
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PSEYDOMONETA
names, neinpe: Ott/nthonius ^ tficaene* tas^ Otymenus^ Lasyttas^ Lachryscus^ Meneslkeus^ Cratitaus^ Nermagoras^ Mi' nophanes^ Olympiodoms^ Dominicus Fo' tobacus ^ Lampria ^ Olympiadoxitus ^ Te- when it is not added, what art pro- when they are tired, put them into their classes son possuxn Other names pi they could ^^ catalo^o queen Ghristi* nay, which was published by Francis of Camelus, unless it is done by a well-educated anchor they would be depraved" yid^ ibi pag. 124* • eq.
They belong to the same argument my following:
It lasts forever. P. R. Pieronica d. crown with scuica s. patma^ He rides against the branch in the tent four horses draw wild animals DrVO. IVILIUS He shook his head. Caesar's lat liability (Morelli Imp.)
God here, if any other, Bomana* mm graphically expresses the manners of his age. For when they were old, they still Mars aup was filled with awe for himself by some ▼icoriers jexlernis sponderent, ^am to himself too degenerate grandchildren, and no longer with bread and circuses contented with these amusements or they had hoped, or they would gladly have licked him, even though then xime enemies brought from abroad but the people of Tecord Tuesday's business when he knew the manners of this god ^jna* the draftsman, he is bound to volunteer, with such a dramatic triumph as to conquer eternity puti B. procnratam
T0XX0TE9. A cheating horse imprinted on the thigh in front of which branch of patma AM0II. A horse standing with a printed item a note^ and a branch of patma. Four horses He was taken inwardly, and arffcnto expe^ you (Jdorelli Specim. p. 43.)
Bes ia' known as Tulgus, TCteres equis snis had likewise given names^ and istnd yidemns to be done today. Known £x Ho« mere Achilles Xanihusy from Marone Fal- Aethon of Lantis, Bhoebus of Mezentia, ex Sujatonius Caligula incited the priTatia appointed consul by his election yesterday, ex J)ione Hadriani Borjsthenet, ex Capi- tolino i». Yeri Yolucris Who knows more Rum Bominfi nos&e cnpiet, come tabu- marble las, one of which he published Pan?inius«), the other Sponius >))• Data to them the names from the nature of the body, as in color, in tactfulness, etc with generosity and ingenuity, etc. often pa- the name of the third is stuck, such as 6£BA« CVSVS for SYBACVSIVS, which Ti* let's go above in the driver COSMVS. Na- In the presence of TOXXOTES, at the age of 10, written by a doubtful hand it is from destruction; for Tolorifig the Greeks" jsagittarius^ the other AMOB from affected he- rilL Ttreque therefore equns for the victory ctorium) of which he makes the astitatoa palm branch n^r the merits of the horses of Tider noa major must, when it is established, grave monuments erected and by Alexander M. honored Bnc6^ phaU ani built nrbem. About the hoe Argnmento ^ide the note of Fabricius to Dio- nis 50, 69 $. io« Noted femoris im-
•) dc Lud. Circ. 1^. I. c. 13.
b) Tom's Voyage HI. page 23.
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the pressed TeterQm also indicate the manner, on which cause of the crisis he casts various signs It pleased the forehead and the thigh, which was red Alexander's horse from the head of the boy Arria reports that Bucephalus was the third im^ *), of which see more in the notes the rich Argolis to the praise of Paninius marble, With the sign of the unaccustomed thigh, the dragon of course, not even the horses themselves Fegasus loved the prodigy, as Tas teaches A bell in a museum house Milton published by Tischbeinius ^). to our xotes from Koppa's thigh print Haad is doubtful about Kop^alias, which of the horse rnm genera and Tocabulo we played in Cha- chronological records Yol. ly. p. 390 Parapamisadas Indians cattle cause Her- We have said elsewhere that the club was worn by Hon load this horse his name on Boc nurooram casts the race. Above in Hieronica Eugenio surrounded by four horses Tidirous wrote the same number of chariots names : SPECIOSVS. Dignity Achilles DESIRED, adding su- of a charioteer named EVGENIVS. Havercaropus orones these titles of Honor rio Aug. he applies, of which I am a part He presents them in front of the name, and I am fortunate for them to contain the declaration, when it cannot be doubted that they are horses names And indeed to one of Eugene's qua- Driga with the same right could be given the name Achilles ta RomuU^ AjaciB^ and other roagnifica names in the celebrated brown tables you have read, finally remove all doubt
1,000 marbles from Fabretto in which the driver of SCORPYS is proposed a nation of four horses added to their no" I'm inventing, I admit. PAS- SERINO I will ignore it. But with the former here memoranda laroella Titrea pict»^ qoam the same Fabretus published in the same places say «). She praised Eugene as a god liroa presents the driver with the added name: LEAENLNICA I will cover with a slow car, to whom four additional palroiger horses are joined NICE FORVS and AEROPETES. BOTROCALES ACCESSORIES In an the hall of the Florentine museum is read engraved POMPHL NIKA, juxta are two equals rum protome added to these names LOVE and HOSPITAL ^- So here are Tarius the horses will increase the number of horses, He collected the names of rums from the stables of Tetero Montfaoconia §)•
AnimadverzioneB in ko% of maneuvers
He likes to be worshiped in quadrigariom and to investigate the insignia a little more carefully, with no idle work, so as soon to pa- will have you I leave the crown and palroa ra- the wall, which was on each side of each Tictoria's insignia. I also miss the tone cam, with which he was at least most that, for even naked sometimes the messenger not only in some contorni ates, which I have described, but also in others monuments at Montfauconium, which they propose methods of maneuver. Cer-
•) dc Expcd. Alex. L. V. c. 19. b) Vol. I. lab. I. c) Vol. II. p. 204. d) ad
UbcU. Iliad p. 238- cl Inscript. page 273-e) Pag. 3.0 and 537. f) Tom. 50 tab. 40
g) Ant. ezpl. Tom. III. p. 285.
P p «
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FSEVDOMONETA,
The helmets are the most insignia of the agitators, and the great crest of this helmet aea hatasi mentions Aichenaeus in the enar- on account of the Bacchic pomp of Ptolemy, ctti intervene ^cu^oi^ta )(iT<»9ug ij^urrot vjfiox^^tf ^f^ ^srattvig^ the children of the oitrigs dressed in tunics and hats *). Even Nero to circus studies conyersaa i^arriKoi' r¥i For there were those who were at the siege of Scotland They ventured to hope for Tictoria, and if she did they may have gained it, it is a thing worthy of Tisa which would betray the memory. So in mar- in the manner of Gruteri, Diocles the agitator is celebrated that without. FLAGLE. VICTOB. EMINVIT e), as a remarkable analog, which I quoted above from Fabretto, of He carries the Corpus of the mentioned team Tectom no further help of the whip. At fait even here the glory of the Roman Scorpos the cool merits of Martial's two elegances He celebrates with my praises ^). So it was possible test^ to signal any driver if atat, even if the whip is absent, but with these he holds in his hand, for example, the driver or a gallant, or an equestrian caicanqa devoted to sport
I come now to that, of which I am almost the elder For this reason I would have disposed more liberally. HaTcrcampus proposed in his Con- several gods were turned by treatment, in in front of which is represented the protovne of Tirilius tunic, bare head, holding right hand Tcl the shield, Tei the spear^ s. a horse restraining the bridle, in the area of some people put his head on his helmet mae, such as we have just given. Epigraph phe in these all mom demasj who presents p. 6 o. n* 12. All these Tir eroded aot Aogo- slos, aot Caesares makes, consnltisqoe Nero imposes on us the features of the mouth nem 6), Constantine M* h), Magnen- of that i). Desidertum ^^), loTianum '), Pla. Valentinianus ■». But Toro malta there are things which are contrary to this plain "dfeJP-
a) L. V page 200. F. b) L. 67 § 6. c) whether 59 and 71. d) nom. 61"
c) Pag. 337. 0 L, X. epigi*. 60. 53. g) no. 59. h) pure 50. i) daughter-in-law. 71*
k) slander. 72. I) Pag. if uuiu.^ 12. m) Pag. i60 whether i3.
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301
santar, ae Tel that naxime, "is it not for anyone when he was born, the emperor Boma- in his habit, intignibua, ro cnltu thus in public monuments pro- put, lit between him, and the lowest of the ca- Would tea make a difference to the nation of Nephites? nath eodein calttt efflictes fttisse drivers, teaches nu- mvs proposed above written jbxta pro- tomen of the first YINCAS don't fu me git, outside these contours the customer, who with the emperor's protomen they offer a sword and a spear, which are Con- so much M. nim« But in these the head is decorated with a gale at the same time, adding the usual epigra phe, and for the drivers a spear with a whip worthy of a military leader. Yideo horse that, in many things, that which he holds the proto in his right hand, like a rae spear shaped yideri. But for With what pledge would I contend, if all these a more careful observer, appearing from the top of the peak river, el twisting like a harp Per- What makes the gold shield more common? form of carriage If the strap is thinner aCFO Titus is a pass, easily speared He provides a piece of cloth, which is actually a whip is And with this permission, the order the habit of presenting the things of the driven people also therefore it is by no means Terisimil, that from Theodosius M it was indeed permitted, in the same place prophesying both of the emperors and of the I set up their images. £jas Terba these they are *): If any in the boyish arcades^ or in these parts of the states, in which of the latter • smell of imaffine consecration painting panto^
mimum in humble clothing and fugosie tiuibm I offered a driver or a vine to an actor immediately revealed^ Heque unquath poMthac ticeat in the place of hof^sto register dishonesty persons After these discussions tbrniatus, whom HaTcrcampus p. 160 a. 12 from Nurois max. mode re^. GalUresti tuit, by which that work exst&t tab. %h. d« 4. This is reported in the epigraph : D. Nw FL. C. lOVlANVS. P* P/aVG., typtfs: fi> loricated in the middle of the chest^ bare head^ put the spear*^ 3. hold the horse by the bridle^ hat 8in'niima^ Tcre mc hkbet, ha- you will drink Augustnm a^i^afe cftUu proposed-^ then command this chiefly of the head^* Al^ eiiim Dbcaiigius, who in the Families of Byzantium gave him an icon of that god, I am, who is undoubtedly absent, he paused, and to be blamed rather Tidetur pictufa, qtiae it exists in the praised Numiif max. so , now with whom he often longs for food tion, elsewhere conqtiesttis sam'l>y.
Of course WIN — OLVMPI NIKA Tel NICAS, and are similar to cries, with whom he was sitting on the tree the people raised themselves to the party of their instigator Toce was wont to pray. NIKA Greek esl, and e| usd49m comVlNCAB meaning Eundeni should do sBhsHm letters tn vertically* written: GA- RAMANTL NICA — GENTL NICA in the famous marble, but poorly explained from Panvinioc), and Grutero ^). EjasYtiodi they offer the witnesses of the excitement of their feelings Teteres gems too, but these in- of the lower age * You will soon speak in a similar way below PETRONI PLACE 8
a) €od. I^st li. XI. title 40 (. 4. I. c. l^. d) Pag. 338 2.
b) io prefaces. to VoL VI. c) ds Lud. Cirt. L>
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PSEUDOMONETA
yeaaUo deer and leportm inr the wrath of the amphitheatre.
I took hold of the divine Aagmti. (Mus Caes. Horelli
Imp.) of Nero. (Morelli Impp.) 2>a-
already (Hayerc. Dum. 67.)
COLENDVS horse rider cer- with a bow and arrow He is walking into the amphitheatre.
Ct^ Trajani. (Mus. Farnes.)
A hunter asking for a wild boar and the dog leapt upon him.
Head of Nero (Haverc, n. 5. Uorelli
bnpp.) Fespasiani. (Mtts. Caet.)
Two haymakers, one of my horses I am the other from the wild boar trying*
I took tferon. (Worelli Imp.)
A hunter against a rushing bear opposite machine self tuetury desw by , five specifiers of battle they await the astonishing result.
I was taken by Nero. (Moreli Impp. Uus.
Farn.)
Fir one two wild bulls He holds back his hair.
Head of Nero (Morelli Imppf)
The emperor's knight shot the lion hitting
Head of Nero (Morelli Impp.) TVaJani.
(Ha?erc. num>^i.) Protome Euthymius agi*
of the perpetrator (Yides in Eutimius.)
Fir riding on a bull with a bear committed
I was taken by Nero. (Morelli Imp.)
Bestiary standing d. spear^ s.quid like a globe, panthe for feet ra prostrata^ in the area from here trds ptetaoy then what I looked like.
Protome of the driver d. scutica, s. a horse
hold on to the bridle (Mns. Caet« Pellerin
Suppl II, lab. 7.)
repair MVNERIS FE- All right. The haymaker rushes to the ground I am the opposite of receiving the spear.
invincible ROME. HAPPY SENATE
Head of Rome, helmeted. (Will Morelli
family tab. I. Ropiae.)
The arguments of these numbers
that he had tarried, the explanation is easy
any of the authors mentioned at the beginning of this
I have named the principal heads he asks
Boxing
WILLO CROTON. Leo's ex- hanging from the club. The cow was combed.
Prosper Parisius put this number among them He issued the rarer coins of M. Greece tab. IV«9 Havercampns in front of the work of Alexander the Great, and of the nummis He restored the contours. He does not dwell here to be of the xontorniatorura race, but I not only this but also barely in the knees* I think we have it. De Milo Cro* tpniated by the miracle of human strength, ar^ tisqne adep athletica facilita co- we have pious testimonies of the ancients.
FILIN VS. Naked athlete d. raised crown, s. palm branch staS^ between two plain figures the right wing of the staff the left one holds a flute. Head of Nero (Mus. C. Vitzai.) Trajam\ (Mus. Farnes. Haverc. no. 69.)
Numus^ already from Tristan and Angephon known Cen^ent pleriqne, he exhi- beri Philinus Coum the famous Oljtopio- nicum, in whose praises he was to be made Pausanias, and Plutarch in Sjmposia-
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303
cis Oe fignris standing by Taria the same to cast, which is reluctant to reheat.
ROHANNES. NICAS Athlete and I stood tall
Head Pla. Valentine's Day
The boxer lays bare on the ground 9 on the other hand the boxer's head was brought to the ground it involves the foot, and eats the hand he controls with his hand.
D: N. CONSTANTINVS MAX. AVG.
The emperor in the middle of the body with a crown
mata d, sceptre^ : globe" (Mus. Princ*
of Waldeck.)
Scenic
Fir nudu$ a great person
carrying a hat in both hands
put a tree Head of Nero (Mus. Hunger.)
Two comic characters in the gaping tur^
piter with a smile A woman sitting with a towering head, etc. See re« Itquaiofra f«VI- sub namo 1« ♦
Adating the hydraulic organ here and there the figure "I threw some kind of blowing instrument" A monkey displays an outstretched hand in battle.
Head of Nero (Mus. Caes. Hayerc. n. 1 1 .)
Trajan (Haverc. n. 37.)
Lavrenti NICA Organ hydraulicum^ here stands the figure d. displaying something like a fairy tale In addition, two vessels are set up, viz it seems that foMa is scattered on the ground.
Head of Nerotti. (Mus. Caes.)
HaTercampus in similt reads LAV- RENTIN, AVG. l>) Morellius : LAV- BENTINVS (Imp. in Nero), THsta* nus: LAVBENTINVMe).
PETRONI please Three figs rae in plain clothes standing dia minute hydraulic organ with tenety the second pipe, the third Gestures in conversational fashion* Head and epigraph of Sattustius. (Mus.Caes^ Harercamp. page t5o,, aliL)
please Peter Organ
hydraulicfim^ is present utt^nqnefigu^
ra illudy as it seems
According to the limit of Sol
Head Pla. Falentimani Numas is remarkable
once of the greatness of the queen Christina.
In expHcanding these gods lest they conspire, this ganus musicum^ almost one of these numie the magnificent artefacts of Teteribi known, and that of ours. also to the age to Tarius, he shot the image to the branches But it was that neris, hydraulic^ that water motHt and the pneumatic be beaten The former is more frequent among I mention the Tcteres matter. Nero, says Stieto nius CH/JLtVCfif XUi TliVHfJLiTKf VTtO T»V T» Ti)(9irii ^anTvKoiv f nai ch^OTsXnfTi TVfv ha^fi09i09 •) Marinus Iscriz Alban. p» 129. b) no. 10. c) To». L p* 218. i) inlfer. c. 4l» •) L.V.T. 329. 0 deProTident. He prays. 3. Digitized by Google 304 PSEUDOMONETA ixs4$vi9 i;xn». Ejmdeme»imfuUfyrm^eiCum orfiomo ^eueis tubis eompo$i$o etfolWme Qinmu4o>i qufi4 artificijsdigitismoiumhatr He makes those jokes funny. lalianu$ Aug. in the epigram, which e8t ia Brun- ckiaais Vol. IL pag. 4o3', in the middle or Gani's description mentions the bronze iarumf ^ova%(Cf )(aKxsi}(i§ a^fw^i;^, no with a sharp breath animatarjim^ 8ed yentcr ex iauriuo specm^ ^o rm^styie cmiiKvcYc^og^ i.e. foUibut, pisoruptente , ^ui a.e in ea- Tom ra4i<^€|B kifiiiuat , dmm in^terim yir some perish with the help of quick fingers
/X^" So(< S.^TvKu x^'^^* sweet cen-
He elicited one, Ytrius had been gay
«propofitom ia kis itomis wrganum, s^n
hjdraulicujvi 9 an pjieumaticum , not 8a-
lia epntat* But of these beginnings, use,
pro^r^Sli vid^, which all laujjatis
ae^i a|ic^orib|i8 magoa cnm erosion
^C^ea#^t X^rUUan^iu Wernsdorfius ad
The song of FiaMiUi Optajtiani P^rphjrii,
«4 ipc^iim, i^a lahorioau^i, qupd Or*
§IW0U inacrip9^( *^ Causa illati>i8 nih
My views of this day have become antiquated, because
ml ^aUiua idifti^oa , to that deleptaha.tyj:* J^e-
ro, cu>|ia the head in the antiea
Yeripm an (st Trajanua Ulus, and Yalen*
tiaia&ua d^l^Ctabafitmr, qfiiorum also in
Do you fear other jQiCip. Enough
is faissebaM prgana mierncufyinacix-'
cornai eisjCjsnanfLpi, ^4^ prpptfsrea ^^num
hoir^ui auaM>ruBs ar^ument, to save
simH^ aftf i^LCUiiii i^ter a^a ciroi lucKcra
e^hi^etiir ii^ ^U^wl^ 4ipt/pboapudMaf-
fei^ip ^).
(9 f^ 1)9» i^^ipU^i^i^us primum re» ci^ll4¥9 4^i>^ ^^ica^dis iffer^sdibi-
le broad Read first Tristani^ then who corrects this for the worse, HaTercam* pi } judgment on the term LAYBENr TIN. ^y Numus iiitegerrimus mnsei Cae- He has a saree, as I said, Lavrenti. NI- ca. He describes the latter as follows Frank Camel. in the catalog of numbers treasury of Queen Christina: Aedificimh with three figures: STREET. St. PE- TBI <*) where is that more ridioulom? Ve- is similar, according to the preceding read the tooth io hoe quoqo FLA* CEAS PETRONL
MAR - . - Inc. A woman standing d. elata coronamy adstantjus^ia qttO' put two boys Chapter of Theodosius II (Tanini Supph sd band tah XYIH.)
MARGARITA YINCAS. woman standing d. raised the crown, clothing colligiij eiadoolans Fictorioiaco^ ronam off^rt^ jufra two palms ranU. Head Pla. Valentinians (Taaini ibid. Pembroke P. III. tab. 102. Mouse. PrinCk of Waldeck.)
Yitiatam numiprioris epigraphen Ta* ^ The Ainius casts out to fill in: Margariia you will win, or in the following year, from the right of Tero typp to propose Margarita coryphaesmt which are public for boys and girls it is carefully moderated. On the other hand, she that Margarita is proposed by his art ctrix, this indicaulihos adToIaate Yicto^ ria, etpalQiap ramis*
a) Vi^i, I^. min. T. II. p. m- and Tpm» IJ, '^ Ad^wjd. p. p. iii. c) Pag. 73 d) Pag. i2^
92
b) Mus^ YeroB^
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PSEVDOMONflTA.
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$. y* Contorniati when typit domesUciM known
At this time we were afraid, and we did not know anything belong to this class of DHs. Y«e- they also exist, although not to a great extent mero, who came from the Roman Empire to receive the money already known* En ali- how many examples, as from these contorniatornn^ let us understand them more fully. some Hornm so anxiously did you send the gods home to me<^ to the extent of the right to restitution be able to be found, ft from the ark They were nothing but sigUs near the head of the introrsnm the furrow around the edge of the scalpel, and with certain rougher work, as I had said above contomiatornin signs They are:
The head of the Philippines $en. with epigraph: AGRIPPINA, M. F. MAT, C. CAESA- RI8. AVGVPTI, 1 S. P. Q. R. ME- MORIAE. APRIPPINA TheMa. (Moss, You kill Morel|i Impp.)
Head of Nero 2 PEACE. P. R. etc. The temple of I^ni. (Mns. Caes) In another: ROME. R(^ma helmeted seat added to eti* am S. C. (Jtforelli Impp.) In another: DE- Cherry Eijfuee running. (Morelli Impp.) In another: Two horsemen running nt in' num}8 of Nero.
The head of Qalba. 2 LITERACY PVRLI- ca. S« C^ J^idertas staUs. (Imp. of Moreli)
In other words, with the front part of the joint gnntnr aTorsae alien time, thus:
ADVERTISEMENT AUGUST WAX Ceres sitting etc. Chapter 10 of Trajan. (Theopolis.)
This tjpps is obTius in the currency of Ne- ronis
(fol. rilL)
BEER FAVSTINA AVG. Faustina junior status d. a bowl of common stock sacrifices at the altar X Qaput of Nero. (Mor^lli Impp.)
Mira indeed of Nero and Fanstina in the same god, the company, whose cansam the link is not easy another j^raeter ipsnm nu- My engineer will give it.
Head of Constantine M. X VICTORIA CONSTANTINE -- Victory sitting he wrote it on the shield.
VOTE 20 A circus in which two the teams run, and the hunters with they fight with beasts. X Chapter Pla. failing" niani (Mus. d^Ennery.)
ANTINOOT HPilOC. bare head while, in another: ANTJNOn.nANL Pro- tome Antinius s. feet over shoulder. X VICTORY AVG. Victory marching. (Prior among Vaillant. num. Greeks, other in the main museum of Waldeck.)
£n you and contornatos bilingual, yes yet, as the name of ntinoi, Tclut dei tranei, it is written in Greek, from every finally, the reason why he was buried in these monuments decided to run What other things in these gods ad They belong to Antinous, Tide unfolded in his coin Vol. 5* p. 536
$. VL Numis explained ambiguously.
A woman sitting with a towering head d. raised s. a spear; eiaddexteramadstateirpilea^ right d. bipenne, s. a spear to the left a standing woman towered over a sitting woman ca^ ronatf «• the spear goes; for the feet to stand four winged animals like Sphithus gumy ara both ' extremum ctaudit^
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PSEUDOMONETA
at the bottom of two figttra imtar rivers kumi precumbent X The two persons of the assembly with a gaping, shameful grin. In action: Head Alt' xandri M. naked (Haverc. nuni. i. 2.) In another: the head of Nero. ^Mor^lli Impp. ]S^8. Farn.) ^
Patinus, who imitated the princes of that generation valgaTit, successful adientnram edixtt, who will solve the riddles of the dead in an hour. Objects liaec flifHcoItas inTitaTit Ha« Tercampa, nt in those enodands vtres saaB should be tried, if he could What do you need to discuss? He wrote to Alexandre M. in love, which aimal eontorniatera catalb- gam and usam complex. £0 in I will be protected by my work, and I will be insolent may be indicated by the image of these characters the empire of the East and the West tis jQae person part of another) qood per ravenous men have already been decanted four times monarchies Chaldaeorum, Persaromf Greeks, Humans ^arom sjm- Jbolum are four winged animals) Tio- It was a slow battle, so much so eagerly deToratiim (and graphically that qoi- the shadow of the horrendous door you will be pita hiato). £t did not throw 80 lum riderjetnr, addtt: none in this nw mismate velpunctnm essCj qnodnon exaf mussim into this formable square power ^). Here is the book of Sigebert They were so certain to be investigated and yidden, why some years later, with the same type to explain inteaderea, left you in I will complain about you and you will be attracted to him can we catch up ^) ? Did you forget? covers, that oUm the whole of these days
cansa tjpi, and cam so much eraditfonts did you write with effort? Is the yellow coniiden- tia rerts in mistrust? We can from understand by this example how empty they are often the most distinguished of the Tyrians of course and emditoi *um effort, com nihii in all antiquity so steep, so inyiom potanty what wit and they cannot reach the forces of learning. Moreover, if he were to marry, he would pi hujas meaning to inquire more diligently, qnod iconisms and we have just been yulgatos I disagree too much. For what the figure of Patino and Hayer do not hold the bipenny, it is according to the icon He holds the foot and head of Morelius he covers himself with a Phrygian cap^^), certainly so by these indications A^s, in which he is similar he went, the woman sitting in the middle to be Cybele with her Atje, without aiia^ by chance noitesse, the sacred lions of this goddess Cjhelen with Atye in the team of lions We have discussed it above in Mythology. The type of two-person scene smells but those contorniators tjpi round and of the amphitheatre, and they nou esse you must not be tied to the argument of a god from this it is clear that other gods offered for these runt capBt of Alexander M., yel of Nero.
The rising serpent fmges on the altar of power tas adlambity put the tree. 10 Black Head" you (Hayerc. nom. 6. 12. Morelli Impp«) Trajan (Hayerc. «um. 84.)
Hayercampus tjpum this from Net*o- nis yita explains, it cannot be removed by any means himself pasw, which is the same Trajano as*
•) Page 4. b) Morelli Impp. Tom. IL pag. 93. c) in Nero tab. Paul n. 18-
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PSEUDOMONETA
307
que tribeiitiir* Fttit serpenscomesAescu- stones, ApoUinis, Mineryae, H/giae, He« chains etc. as well as the hero, he also nius and Agathodaemon, nt tjmbolicotex* I will say nothing about others; in mjsteries quo- quey and especially in the orgies of Bacchus a religious animal and a hidden sense Oh, then these honors of his are multiplied it is necessary that the snakes be typed, except by others causes to come, to have the meaning throwing But, in what way is it in these it is proposed to the gods, it is thought to indicate infe^ riarnm rite, and a happy omen in them. In to these altars are usually placed, which The gods were offered to the Manis, and they said; mlicemium , adlabens yero serpent He was believed to be a fat man of him to whom the nether world has been assigned. So when Aeneas Anchis after the excess of the sacred Behold, a long train of serpents
* #
A woman nwesia rupi iusident^ exadver» 9o stand a naked man drinking a drink back having defeated him, another figure on the ground looks up to him sedetts.y» Caput Neroms\ (Haverc. num.s. Morelli Impp.) 7>i3^afii. (Haverc« num. 35» Pellerin SuppL II. tab. 7.)
. BegeruSy issued the same and in homi not TiDcto Tiridates king of Armenia recognized c). HaTercampus in the Par- He thinks that it is designated then, and in the same place in the name of Trajan Nienic, Daeic, Germanic. Er* go judge Hayercampo the same tjpus in di- It was read by the third emperors to f iTcr* What are your accomplishments? Prevails He does not have to put him in the unknown nothing to do with Marsya's execution, Scj- tha sitting on the ground, and to snmend ready for punishment
Ttttttttttttdem inier plates, and light cups
snake
And he gave them food, and again more and more
nay
He succeeded to the mound and destroyed the altars ii*
quit
Yerba are Yirgilii *), which approx imitated by Yalerius Flaccus, when he relates to appease those who died in battle The sacrifice was lifted from the lason, thus he says:
he had said
lit aris
And he sipped at the placid drink from every side
snakes
To snatch the tongues of the servants of Fmbra
bees
A portico supported by two columns was entered than a man standing in front of me He is talking to two plainclothes men. X Co' son of Nero (Mus. Caes. elsewhere.)
HaTercampus singular this, and nus- I can tell you otherwise tat abacus and locnm, where they were divided turned into the use of the Circassians ^). ed This is more important than that having cast off these gods tjpi the material could do Yerisimisius Tidetur the purpose of the bank in the Fenns market practicing This f^^ui^scrsoig homi- lest they be called by Tarius names tarii^ numuiarii^ danistae^ coiiybistae^ as well as the tables and trapezes from the Greeks A table where money is placed
») Ac. V. 90. b) Argon. IH 45(5.
c) Thes. Bro. T. II. p. 622. d) 3Iorel. Imp. T. II. p. 82.
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308
PSEUDOMONETA
table namerabanlar* So Tallias *): Why? siipendium miiidusper omneftan" we from the citizens^ MBNSJS PALAM Purposes to be numerical. He tells Platarchus you are no longer under cover, but you can be in the middle month, h iiecftp BefitifOi r^tms^u^j a po* the stake had been traded. Illustrious Adhaclo Martial's body, which in cases, which cry He reports that things are noisy in the cities even forensics
From here he left the dirty table Nero's moneymaker nms^a^
I think that Aumis all jmetall Neronia Iroagine inflames, and in the age of Martial I met the most. In the elegy, which is Nux in it is written, and it is attributed to O?idius, deflated you have easy access to aimrles shops access ^) ,
Quilibei silver, the first of the fronie iar
bfirhae I took off. The place in which this field was practiced Cicero, Horatio, and others and the middle layer. Look at the learned closed to Ciceronisde OfBc. L. II. c. 25. The same custom among the Greeks it was worth it Narrates Poljaenas «), Alexander The Pharaeus secretly fought with the Piraeus brought by a given sign from all menaJs to have plundered the money.
A shield, f n the middle of the head of Sotis to him Tjune signs of the zodiac closed, sitting next to each other a man with outstretched hands and an elephant's head
the ornament of the forest, set the statute of St. Pailus The head of TYaJani, (HaVerCi n.29; TheupoIi.) Obscure, says Havercampaa I confess to myself that it is an enigma I won't bring anything, I'll say that, qaod in mind He resists them, exc» But to me, who is simple A long drawn-out explanation I love to take care of myself, it seems to be a dream come true and the image of the Zodiac sitting down is ex in their class, those of astrology, and ri^ mandis ex hujas discipline of swimming nis to give attention, qaales perTertfa it age takes away abundant, and from which 20 The image of the deacons is remarkable. Circus People* those who were devoted to their studies more than others in this
that he had labored at the time, it is evident that others are satisfied
m
Fir gaieaius soio amiciuspaiiioto iau* rum to the princes of Reinei, whom he inieHiaia himself I am a man who is also my friend's friend I was avenged; I thought that the dragon came from the earth tus spresing fire^J^ Trajani's capitulation. (Mouse* Pisani.)
This type of random ha- drink Mazzoleni predicted the explanation who approves^ no one will be easy*).
I like fishes, octopuses, cuttlefish, cams male, pompier 10 Nero's cap.
Remember this god Eriszus, Tru stanus, Spanhemins, qaorum ampa Hayercaropus recites dicia ad yerb), and he admits, in fine, that nothing is certain about this type can be frozen It had been so long, so long leta Ycrba reheat.
a) He prays. in Piso. c. 88* b) in fig. You kill page 721. c) L. XII. 57. d) yers, 139, c) Slrat. L. VI. c. § 2 2. f) Pag. 97. g) Irapp. Tom Morelli 11. p. 94.
*) Amphiouem and Zethnm were snatched by the pula, a nut tied to the bull of Dircen, which type above page 287* has been described, and the figure is badly drawn, so that it is di^aeo the legs are supposed to be female. Not edited.
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pSevdqmoneta.
309
^rea guadrifariam divided^ within which BC RS. TG Facebook 10 I took Nero with him epigraph
It would have been like a prodigy if Harduinus the food so sweet to his palate t«m respuistet* Explanation Tide in his work salt p. 7241 but what and the rest, that dreams from writings inels is far away yolo. Here we are which occurs in the catalogues. Whom he himself I will see, I recognize all spurious people
SABVCIVS/PINIAN Virhacu-
lo strikes a tree, to the tree pens 2 Head of Caracalla. (Theop.)
Perhaps Hercules is the Hesperides
crushing the club.
■ m
IIVSMACCONMONIMVS. Fir rock sitting and looking back.
Uncertainties from epigraphs and tjpi sen- sus, even though this is a Tcrsa obTia, and, as per interTalla Ttdimus, joined with the Tarii of the ancients, in which Tel Alexander M. Tcl SallQStiHs author , Tel Desiderius au- They are placed in a row. The same from Strada he restored HaTcrcampus *), but in what and 'doubtfully Titiatus,' the script is thrown MACCOMMO. Cannegieterus insolent commenting on this epigraph He threw a rose, Macco's closet signafe the stupid name in the fables of Atel- with the usual wool ^). But for all in this The result of his education Tires in Tcntum «he poured out. For the epigraph, such as de- di , otTernnt nnmus of the Caesarean museum, dno
others, who lie in the museum of Thenpolis <:), one in the town of Pembroke, and another in museo Princ. of Waldeck
OLEXIVS. standing before the altar healthy 2 Antoninus PIVS Head Antoninus Pius
This was once the god of Boma in mu- seo of the Cartbusians, and transferred thence in the Caesareum museum lichio in Cimelio Vindob. Part II. page XXVIL Verum triplez Tir illnstris in by promulgating it he admitted sin, pri- mum, that spuries to tell the birthdays he ignored, then what was hidden in him says: D." IVWANVS. AVG, with certain if t the reading of ANTONINV& BIVS^ qu^ the fall has already been mentioned in the Catalogpvmuset CaesareK the Third, which ' eptgraphei aTcrsae readOLENfVM^ how unjust I was not able to correct the readings ram, qubd eam' nnmns not quite whole rcTcra to prefer Tidebatnr. more seriously they learned more about talent and probnm legendom TidiOLEXlVS, which name there is no doubt about the driver, or at least whose piam ez caTca; Termn who is his ne- no, with the ram ready for slaughter I understand To advise juTat, similein tjpum to meet in the same place of the kidney.
• • •
A base near the rock, to which it was placed Is there a sheep with a bolt on its head? s.hastam^ for peiUbus aquila^ to which man tunic roofed helmet mftitarij and cadu* holding the reins he brings the horse. (Mus. Prine* of Waldech.)
a) whether" 72. b) Misc. Obsenr. it's loud VoK VII. page 135. c) Pag. 82j5. 827. d) Part, III. tab. 98.
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PSEUDOMONETA
table nomebanlar* Sic Tnllias *): What? Bipendium miiifidus by all we from the cities^ MENSJS PAL/iM He tells us that the goals are numbered Plotarchus no longer under cover, but placed in the middle month, iv /J-s^fifi Bsfimi r^ueKslag^ a po* palo foisse mercatos, llostrior adhac lo- Martial's body, which in cases, which cry He reports that things are driving the noise of the city also the legal affairs of the nnraalarios ^).
Hence the idle dirty shake table Numeral of Neronian mm^a^
of course, the name of all Jaetalli was Neronia Iroagine in fire, and in the age of Martial I met the most. In the elegy, the night in the scribe, and the giver of the description you have an easy access to simties shops access ^) ,
Each silver first from the front
bjerhae Totlai The place in which this loan was exercised Cicero, Horace, and others ruipaquc middle layer Look at the slanderers closed to Ciceronis de OfBc. L. II. c. 25. The same custom also with the Greeks it was worth it Poljaenus narrates «), Alexander Pharaeus secretly with his soldiers in Piraeus brought by a given sign from all the months
to have plundered the money.
m
A shield, in the middle of each head of his wife Tjuna, closed by the signs of the zodiac, sitting next to him a man with an elephant's head
decorated with a grove, place a statue of Paumdis, St Head of Trajan (HaVerc. n.^giTheupoli.) Secretly, says Havercampoa I confess to myself that it is an enigma I will not add anything, I will say what is on my mind he resists them, etc> But for me, I am simple nor far fetched the expHca^ion I love to take care of myself, it seems that I am a starrer and that the image of the Zodiac was taken from of their kind, those of astrology, and ri- commanding from hu)u8 discipline of swimming if you give it your attention, you will be able to carry it out the age took many, and from their 20 The image of the deacons is remarkable. Circus People* devoted to those studies more than others in this society
that he worked at the station, it is agreed that others
m
Fir gaieaius solo amiciuspailioto iau» rum to the prince's hair, which he intended for himself the other man was covered with a shawl I was avenged; Juxia from the wanderings of the dragon's wings the right spewing fire^J^ Trajan's cap. (Mu8« Fisani.)
Also this type in iticerts ha- drink Mazzoleni predicted the explanation who approves^ no one will be easy*).
. • •
Four fishes, octopuses, cuttlefish, cams marus^ pompUus.^S, Nero's cap.
Remember this god Eriszus, Tri- stanus, Spanhemius, whose ample jo-^ says Hayercaropus K) and he admits, in fine, that nothing is certain about this type can be affirmed. It had been so long, so long leta YCrba reheat.
a) He prays. in Piso. c. 88* b) in lul. Cages page 721. c) L* XII. 57. d) verse 139
c) Slrat. L. VI. § 2. 2. f) Pag. 97. g) Imp. Tom Morelli IL p. 94. *) Amphioue and Zethum the pula, the Norreean Dirce bound to the bull, snatched
above page 287* described by the babcs
The woman's leg was t%^ dcbuit. Not. edit
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jlrea divided fourfold^ within which BC RS. TG^FB. 2 Captured Nero without e^graph
He would have been a prodigy if Harduinus the food is so sweet to his palate He will respond to them. yide in the explanation ejua Operib. salt p. 7249 but what inta- I leave the GTA, because the dreams from the writings I was far away from yolo. Here we are quently in the catalogs Dccurrit. Qnos himself I will see, I recognize all spurious people
SABVCIVS Pinian Virhacu
lo strikes a tree, at the foot of the tree pens X Head of Caracatla. (Theop.)
Perhaps Hercules is the Ser^ of the Hesperides
Penetrating the club.
■ m m *
ilVSMACCONMONlMVS. Fir mpi sitting and looking.
Uncertainties from epigraphs and tjpi sen- sus, even though these were obTia, and, as per the Ttdimus intervals, joined with the Tariis of the ancients, in which Tel Alexander M. or Sallust's author, Tel Desiderius au- They are placed in a row. The same from Strada restored HaTercampus *)) *^^ ^° V^^ liaud' doubtless Titiatus, the script is thrown MACCOMMO. Cannegieterus insolent commenting on this epSgraph threw a rose, Tocabulnm MACCO de- to sign a fool's name in the fables of Atel- with the usual wool ^). But for all in this the battle of his learning Tires into Tentum poured out For the epigraph, such as . god, they offer a deity to Caesarea's museum, two
others, who are cited in the museum of Theapolis <:), one in the Pembroke Museum, and another in museo Princ. of Waldeck
OLEXIVS. u4ries standing before the plow lu' to eat 10 Antoninus PIVS Head Antoninus Pius
This was once the god of Boma in mu- the Carthusians, and transferred thence in the museum Caesareum ediusest a Froe- lichio in Cimelio Vindob. Part II. page XXVIL Verum triplez Tir illustris in by promulgating it he admitted the breach, pri'> mum, because you spurn those birthdays to tell He ignored what was written in it says: D." IVUAN V8 AVG^, with the reading of ANTONINV&PlVS^quem the fall is mentioned in the Catalogue CaesareK Tiertius, qnod' epvgrapheai aTcrsae readOLENIVM^ how unjust I was not able to correct the readings ram, as if we were not quite whole rcTcra to prefer Tidebatnr. more seriously the more talent and prowess they have acquired legendom TidiOLEXIVS, which name there is no doubt about the driver, or at least whose pia €Z caTea; Who is his ne- the jus with the ram prepared for the sacrifice, no I understand To advise juTat, a similar tjpum cccnrrere in the same Pius numism Aexan<- drinis
» • •
The base near the rock, to which it was placed do you love with modto in the head d, futmen^ s.hastam^ for the foot of the eagle^ and the man a coat of arms, a military helmet, and a cadw holding the reins he brings the horse. (Mus. Prine. of Waldech.)
a) whether" 72. III. Where 98.
b) Misc. Obsenr. it's loud Vol. VII. page 135. c) Pag. 82 (S. 827. d) VsvU
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I obscure the argument of Hercule. Or a soldier; CDJas lines pre- I think Hercurias, caius capat le« wears a helmet? is clearly military, that is: raised? whether
C A pr T IV.
Of the aeiate of coniormaiorum.
Of the age, qaa contomiatoram atos he began to make yarries presence I do not care who | at least those gods who rule then they should offer their heads, to be coaeyos with them I think there are many pictures in them continent, among whom was the Spaniard himself hemius) who Nero's statue) as He explains the commanding fault *), then and Dacangius ^) , and late cL Finher* tone ^). Yerum jure this opinion we were repulsed, and indeed the first from the law fabrieaey how to explain age the same thing, too, they are under other classes, much more no?imns. Experience taught, to each for the ruling ages there was another in the light the manner of the smiths. If so, as of course it is most true, and if this alone the gods of August differ from the gods of Tra* Jani, how much more is it necessary to defer the gods of Angusti from the why? But let us, in all things con« to have the same tenor, even that worship and habit, so certain witness, their age not greatly diergere, and we are sure gods of Itth Caesar, Aagoati, and for* xime of the following for the same reason
with the gods of Honorius and Yalentinian end with these also in time gondos, and what follows, Inl. Caesar's Augustus, that the gods were not of these by the pores For the same reason the learned antiquarians agree, order some of the consecrations rios, qnod all the same fabric, ea- the yilis were a mixture of silver, they were also marked by age. Accordingly it is necessary to decide, following the age of tri- Boedos let them all be ashamed those of the previous centuries to occupy Add other lu- she herself is more clear. I see you here the emperor of the first century I was given a basket that was an hour old ignorant, or ingrained. The head lal. Cae- the diadem encircles the sari in addition to the lanrea, which are far from known causes his name is synchronic. Trajan in nu- the son of Caeaareus Pius Felix before Commodus the unknown fue re« In another museum of Caesarea the same Tra- )anus dicitor Procoosus, whose title is not unless the god is inscribed in the lower century read Guess who hit these gods They had taken care of the waves, their ways and epi- graphene to the genius of its age
a) Tom. I. pag. 231. page 23
b) Age inf. whether § LXIY» c) Essay on Mcdalus Tom. I.
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they had known Denlqne or unns is na- inu8, who in the foreground has the head of Nero nis, on the other side Fanstina the younger, which I have written above chap. III. $• 5% sa- f 18 per 86 proves, impe rante Nero could not be signed. lo- Berti's sentence, which contradicts 08 already Gallienus, commanding, casts out the cviss, already she was crucified by Bimardo *), neqae }am dignified, qaa refulanda expands^occupy- the wall The more sober Morelli and Mahude lii ]adiciom,.qui istnd the genus of the characters Oircum Constantine was struck by the times ooeptnnii and through the next "equentes
iroperators asqae to Pla Valentinia'- to adhere continuously, in which to- then the train of contorniates almost ends. There is nothing about Havercampo's teacher. which I remember, for even though he himself arbitrarily tar, their birthdays within that very theme pus, which has just been designated, dos, yet the usual inconstancy of ^aris by his work the places thus arose from them he argues, that it may appear sufficiently, that many to the narrators, which image did he prefer ajchronos were believed to have been the latter openly in the dedication of the work, as well also pag. 49 and 80
C A PV T r.
De usn eontorniaiorutn.
With regard to this qaod, yideo inter all come together, warn that he had neither the means nor the power of course, in so many ways, which I have learned from L I have described, they would differ from ordinary money. FacHe also contains among all, no that they had been sealed by public authority, « ed institato priTatorom, hominnmquo from the plebeian pamm and the most of the lowly in them fortunes captured, associated with random and by chance, which were born disjunct ma, and not only frequency, but also Abnormalities in spelling laws cata, which I mourn even in the age of authority they were distrustful of the public, and of whom I will collect the pieces in the next chapter. It is in the maseo prinoipis de Waldecb con-
tbmiatus Trajani, ta cajus arersa «ant two eqaites with spears decarrenti written below S. C« Others with iisdte in the above § V. Let none of with these seals, these gods of the senate Gonsnlto had been signed, but pottaa these types of maneuvers from Nero's mouth not omitting even these signs, he asks. When they saw that the Deniqa had been wiped out, most of them those types taken from the athletic fields and with circuses, it is easy to stone them most of them used to meet in the circus and the arena these were intended. Circumcision, of course studies are made in the fais-driven things attributed to most of the names brought in by his team, or tomes, equal conquerors, boxers, beasts* rii, Tenancies, palm yictoriaraBi
a) to lob. Torah 50 pages 87*
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pseudo-currency*
rewards For these registered formulas: VRSE WINNER - OLVMPL NIKA - PETRONI pleases and the like good Tcrba are, omens, and ivpr,fjLtd' fAoij which spectatoffca from wedges adcla- the sea is usually the snae of the party bus It was earlier than the other Augusts Nero and Trajan more frequently take away those brought by these gods, that too he clearly confirms, "the mouth of the Circassians that they had been signed I feel that Mabudeiius is adherent, prelatoa were those princes who ma- gis be addicted* And therefore pre- most of the people also attended Keron runt, that of his incredible in these lu- it consisted of affection, which, as God's witness not *) yitors equnos, and I am already old con- He adorned them with court robes, and food in whose name he assigned the money, and by whom commanding the drivers to take it for themselves arrogance, nt adn^rsari counsel They would dare to impeach their elders. But if these, why, as to pass others, not You also honored them by killing them. modtts? Of course, he was not relaxed to these gatherings, those who he himself did, and the wild beasts propagated with his own hand he finished, yet he was the only one He is still known to have been disobedient. And indeed, leaving aside why Trajanus is so great the number of people praying pla- he cooked, which he spent at the same expense at Circens I am delighted with the study of the winter of the writers* threatens? AJia igitnr to investigate the cause, c«r He frequented Nero and Trajan To touch these gods is flattering; for sure that the five-yearly contest of Rome censured, in the true honor of this dead man
the matter of the Parthian games, or triumphal acts there were, of whom, not already said repcr so, Tide, which I told in the gods Ncr ronls to the year Y. C. 8i3, and m numi^ diTi Trajani. He agrees, this one In August, the great ones were taken to have poured out the house to amplify the Circum, ttt we said in this currency for a year V. C. 864. Placttit igilur rerum Cir* the officers of the census, their fenced mem^ to restore the kingdom, which Tictorius himself, and to give material prizes. Nero- nis memory because of this very stndia not only after centuries of praise to have been of the posterity of the Circens thrice from the sands of Constantinople ptam, the gem of an ana- gljpha, which Earl Cay- game ^). She stops Nero with his head radiating to the carriage of the team, and indeed to TOi^ I am, as the customer obtained in the contours; the right hand brings out the map, the left holds consular office, added epigra- phe: NePUN ArOTTCe.(sie)Picture, and the whole cult, as well as inscriptions peryersa lez clearly teach, soulptu* and that this is a rare work of a lower age not at all because of the Greek epigraph of the Latin heavens, and no doubt of Constantius town, which in the city is quite expensive jore adhcic raUe factions Cifcensea to have been a bacchanalian, as it was in the metropolis Rome*
But whom the gods in Circenai did they perform a bus tour? For that" To the silent others, the gods themselves You were not eloquent enough to be defeated confidently he cannot What are the more recent ones" they are mere conjectures. It is suspected that Mo-
a) L. 61 $.6 b) Rec. Antiquities Tom. 50 tab. 86.
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they should be brave, as in athletics I would reward you instead. Se- after Hayercamp I was called Tidentnr ab to the lords and Tictoribs of the Circens, those who knew the horses had received this palm They had been celebrating much of the day ^). Yerum these judgments can only be limited to gods, qaibas inscribed horses. single is the opinion of Cannegieter, from the auri- distribute these to the supporters of the buta coins, as by good yerba with these often inscribed, and engraved with images lest their jayaretar yictoria in yul for he believed that he had done to encourage the horses to run or be able to ri, or slow-moving figs. To these, then siye to perform tricks, siye to distort lucky bands inyents contoured containing additions and omens, in to whom I once believed that the greatest believe the same these images of Alexander H,, Olyntpia-
dis, Neronisy Yirgilii, ApoUonii Tja- Nensis, Appuleius, Anchises, Aeneas etc. cis or to make them devoted, or at least earona experts; tom yero the same yirtute perform the dragons often impressed by these, and finally the sign of the cross in the name of Ha- yercampiano whether 54 so yalidis already tom Christianorom re- bus Read the following from the learned author himself exposed in Misc. he was stuck crit. noyia Tomo I. anni 1740 inde a pag« 6. , sed the reader will easily add to his opinion I do not think that there is any merit in this qaantom of the conjecture, otot of Eroditis nayis- Qoe, it can be a tribe cl. Pinkertons, to make them look like tesse- rare ftikeisjy qoae before odorom beginnings He distributed them into multitudes, each one of them having received a certain one and occupy a definite place in the seats pandi *^).
C A P r T Vh
Of the merit of the conspirators*
Qoaleconqae is that kind of number the snoa had patrons, of whom I to wait for the yiderentor, and to to benefit Of them much more than others Patinos indulgently joked, com di- he is known to be arbitrary, by which he describes push the refinements and ennobling enigmas the Erodites would spend their aid ^). Neqe et- will you flatter them Mahude lius But what about others?
more lenient, of course, than the other a random part of the name, with no apparent most associated with a suitable connection, I had painted a rough picture, arguments almost as much from the driver and the pack They offered requests to the associations, but to no extent suitable for tiye education, siye ocalia pa- ball Offended even more delicate bad spelling cata, as: TESEY8, PENTESILEA,
a) JSpecim. page 49. b) Pag. 157* c) Essay on medicine. Tom. I. pag. 232. d) Introduction. nd hist. whether page 43 and in his Suetonius p. 468
{Foi: rilL) B r
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STEFAKVS, 0LIMPU8, SALVSTI- VS the like, and the perpetual OOMHFOC for OMHPOC, c6tto information, age Thus, and from the lowest class of human beings, There is no certain political authority the orders were ordered. Yideri can, ico- nology to be turned away from these gods, which in to them the heads of various illustrious Tyrians are found, which in other ancient mo^ you seek in vain. True though so that many ef&gies deserve credit how illustrious they have been carved for centuries they went to live, and also to learn the arts of the age with a flash, and with an unskilled and full hand, no one will not yide. For these reasons then, as Pellerinius himself from a stranger twice with the spirit of the gods he would confess '^f. and com ab others in the catalog of the greatest numbers modules would be made, they would be excluded from to others*
keep the road^ Viam^ Ac «t to this love I did not pay too much tribute, que detrabamm* Ram -even of these aa« ctoritatcf little posfimus to rely on, suni ta« but the witnesses will come! self, stay, and co- gtiiti 'Romanortini bi Indicra study et affections, of qttorum and rolupe ^t themselves To fear the ima^nes, nt Curci, and all his preparation, driving, yenation whether, then and when, the drivers which are the names of these or others those of the mode of happy acclamations, and Aimilia, Finally, in some arguments see that you are not uneducated and uneducated, a few things in the past you cannot find it in your mind, without even, though in rare cases, the work of MelTore in the second century :gnum, of whose genus it is distinguished by the protome Antinous in the double-headed god, which I presented mouse over the page 3o5 from the main museum give it to Walde
S E G T I o n.
BE NTMIS TESSERIS, SPINTRIIS, AUISQVE VARIE ARGFMEmi.
En tibi igTfobile- rei numismatica ▼ulgus, as if he had been beaten by a bright army, spears, cops, escort, in the last train cast, rather memorandnm, not to say anything in the whole work pertaining to the cause should be desired, how to study for they profited by the science of antiquity. But only a few mistakes bother me we will define the exam*
VapfttAuguitiradiiUum. HCflronalaU' rea, inira guam of various numbers: I. II. Y. Xin. etc. AYG is written elsewhere for this. AE. 111. (Mus. Caes. Theup.)
D.N.FL.CL.IVLIANV3. P.P.AViJ. lulianu» jsapite harbaio and gateato with spear and shield S III. re/ 1 V. r«/ VIII. 179/Xiii. in ttraOo. A£. IIL ^) -
a) Suppl. IL p. 87. b) It is given. Tom. II. page 43
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C. MITREIVS* h. F. MAG. IWENT. Ciqmi is naked as a man. X XI or 12 enter laurel AE. III. (Morelli £am. Mitreia, Pembroke P. III. laboratory 97.)
Ugly and monstrous intercourse.tLau^ rea^ within which the various numbers I. II. III. - 15 16 29 AE.m. (Tbeupali> 391, Pombrock P. III. tab. 97.) In A#- then by one A. XVI. Princ. of Waldeck.)
I guess the work should go in the same way OBom n^morum to inquire, and if often It is difficult, I was a public monument ezplicala to find, qoante rea more obstructed, the remains of the cnm eiplicanda Teteres for private use, etc., such as these they themselves, of which we are dealing, but which we do not know^ could serve for reasons really? You will stray far less if you stand still were the keys, or the symbols of the yuspiam in sports ^ublicia, corporibua fel conUgiia, brothers and company^, yel also in military significance, which the bus was exhibited or permitted to be drunk or was represented that which signified he was doing or being in the game of yice Those who are redeemed by the game See similar tickets, but bones, pro- placed in the preface to Volume IV. of the Herculaneum paintings, and from the anonymous etero a wide range of comments surveys, which you will read at last, You won't give it a shot if you get caught up in the topic Aolo es^e longiop
Of the names of C. Mitreii, see what few those mountains in the gods of the nation of M^treia, where l^co adyerli also, to be the same rae inscribed on the well-known Ephesians e. CKCOni, of which a little inCra.
Which last I proposed with praise, minded cause by the antiquaries of Spintria so- they are called, because Tocabalus homi- he marks him, his body with another's lust patiently permitting, and in this sense several times by Saetonius, as well as by Tacitus, and Lampridius is usurped. It's old ctura, in £ame i$tud type discovered by Tiberius, of whose incre» weak and honest tongues are better kept silent Suetonius relates these things to lust: Seces^ in fact, the saddlery of Capri was ezcogitavif^ the seat of the secret liUdinumy in which and all the young girls who were attracted by the scent rum herds and monstrous intercourse pertoreSf whom he called SPINTRTAS^ --> — — Rooms arranged in several ways tttbellis ae sigiiiis lascivissimqrum pictu» He adored rare figures and figures, etc. Credi- and also, that these are few of them of the kind, which the Martials eat in the games A star in Tulgn^ reports ^):
Presently come the lascivious coins
in the clouds
But Tiberius did not absolve himself of his injuries Spanhemius, who is arguing about this first to be consulted ^), first ^ that this god testifies with no evidence, then that Tiberius to- they strove to hide themselves in the retirement of Capri He would rather take the public exam pKs rcTelari. Nor even the scholar of Tire \o enough with Marlial's lasciyis numis- He conTcns with evils, and rather thinks the rest of the floral gods are disgraceful or similar games of infamy under the im- came to the primordial pores. But it's boring
») Chap. 43. b) L. VII. cp. R.S. c) Tom. 11. pag. 520 seq.
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in the anqaireDclo of the sordid matter more funny Spanhemius adds, in Ro- manor4im antique chests of gods afraid to be considered a mere 29 , but sexual intercourse is abominable a very rare forty, witness Pjrrhus Ligorius can be taken from them, which Beauyaisius grows rum at Blondium in J)escription of the jewels of Duke Aure- lian Tom» II. p. 63.
* •
I took a woman's tiudum^ from here G from there S t QVI. LVDIT ARRAM DET. QVOD 8 SIT Quatuor aitragali y aeu suchi youth AE. III. (Seguin.Sel.num.p.i^.)
Seguinus throws that he is the head of the front of the goddess of Lot^ and placed near the letters C» S. to fill the case rum in the game, but especially the talo- rum, dominate Averted the edict of lu- contains sorium, of course, as the one who lu- he says, let him lay down the arras, or his pignut of the sums of money, of which ez read it is a meeting. To whom, therefore, the use of let them keep the likeness of the gods, He reveals his chin. of God, that he a well-known formula of law. Epicurus in the test chin" as it is in Cicero *), san- xit, as Amynomachua and Timocratea here the goddess aui dent^ that it be aatis to the day agen^ while his birthday every year, Similia ez- they also have marbles"
• •
10. 10. THREE VMP. A branch of laurel. X
dynasties of horses, apparently, between two serpents, AE. III. (Mus. Caes.)
10. Sat. 10. Palm branch grafted F inverted* 3C Laureate crown. Plumbing IIL (Seguin Sel. num. pag, iqS.)
A happy acclamation to both of them contains mns, and indeed the former trium- the torch, but the triumph is without doubt Ctr- the tax was driven by the driver of the yictor, as ex it is allowed to throw horses' soles. Others nnmi epigraphen is completed by Seguinu^ read- do: 10 ^SkTumalia 10, and her daughter les because of the inrersus F, or digamma Aeolicus in the time of Claudius brings that this letter from this into the alphabet She brought in the Latin, and when he was dead, she died was abolished, the argument was written the freedom of Narcissus to whom Claudius sent into Gaul so as to defy the legions to submission would call back, and dare to mount the tribunal the soldiers, moved by the unworthy deed, shouted they began in reality: io Saturnalia ^).
Sat. Bearded head with hair vinctis^ below a sickle longer than the handle 4u^ fixed^ X Without epigraph, Comets^ moon crescensy phallusy serpent^ and two stars. AR. in the form of a denarius and a quinary. (Mo* relli inc. Am. tab. fV* Catalog. d'Eii- nery page i65.)
These gods also allude to Sa- I consider the tumuli to be on purpose in the opposite direction Satnrno, who gave a cansa to the Saturnalia. The obverse part contains the type of mysteries, which, those who are initiated into these things, prefers me they will explain After all, the records raque, in which Saturn's scythe is shaped longer, and attached to a long handle, presumably in the manner in which she in our age among the rural arts . We see the mint formed, I doubt it They are known to me of antiquity, among other things.
a) of Finib* L. IL c. 31* b) Dio L. 60 § 19.
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They might be able to mention gemxna dnae once king of the Gauls ■). Yernm scythe Satnminae tTpnm dedimns in denarii the nation of Neria, and especially the Yalerians Aug. Inscription: ETERNITY. AYGG.
* *
He added to the well-known names of the Ephesians; ^
e
looking at him
KHPIAICCOAenPOCnAATPPIN. ^.
pis AE/III.
There are three of this kind in the month
Gaesareus, and those of the most wholesome, and undoubted
father of old age He issued a similar order
Edmond Chishull, Enjos Dissertation
It was previously prefixed to Tomo 11. Hdymius,
The inscription of Ayerse is legible in it
KHPIAAICCOAenPOCnAATPN. Fa-
I agree with him that the husband
mnlo» it was not a warning, yerum tes-
some kind of lock or whatever else
qnod pharmacist seryiert to diTuI-
his great medicine. The very form
la, and his two yocabula made his faith
nnt: KHPIA, led by «>7^'oy, favua
meilis^ which was for medical use
prepared, and flPOC, which indicates
to whom it will serve to drive away evil
dynam. They corroborate this opinion
more square-shaped stones, in-
written y. g. Chapter C. SABINIAN DI-
ABSOLUTELY AD FOG , whose ex-
Chis-
hnll But this matter is more accurate and
is treated at length by Com. Caj-
liis^X, ^^ Walchius in the Antiquities
published in 1773. and
Maffeius supplies other examples, et Moratorius «*). *) In the stag lying and re- spicing the same Chishnll too sharply or- the chest of the theater of Ephesus and satirical the appearance of a dance with twisted cerii eollo sketched out. , 3 &c sentence yel it fell because the cherry like the neck You in the objets d'Ephesus called so silver which is observed in bronze.
• *^
To this class also belong nu*
My bronze emperors max« forms:
I also captured the epigraph of Antoninus Pius. I Without any type or epigraph. (Lobert. T. I. p. 94.)
Chapter and epigraph L. Veri Graeca* X S^ihe uilo typof or epigraph. (Ibid.)
Head and epigraph M, Aurelius* X Arem excavaia^ in which the index was fixed in a circle mohilis (Mus. Albani tab. 37.)
Head and epigraph of Commodus. 2 - - - COS. III. standing wolf etc. Numus in more thick, pierced with a hole, and hollow inside (Mus. Ca^s.)
Head and epigraph of Commodus. X Pro it is turned away from the cover^ qaodHb in front of the po^ the test should be separated, so that the numus inside the cavps let it be like a box. (BuQnarrot Ossery* that person tab. 36.)
Another like Mrs. (ibid.)
In developing similar records rnm cairsis, whether to certain those nsus, if- y« were going to play, he was reluctant to tarry. He who makes conjectures, let him come to the quotation The work of Buonarroti o). In the Alban museum there are many others of that kind. ;
It remains to deal with a number of matters
c) Mouse. Yeron. ppg. 135.
•) Mariette n. 2 and 3« b) Rec. Tom. I. p. 224
d) Thes. inscr. page 508* e) Pag. 406.
•) Noyissime prodiit: Dissertation sur riDScription grecque lACONOC, AVKION. and sur les pierres antiques who guarded cachets aux medecins oculists. Nar To- cton d'Anncci. Paris 1816 4to. Kot. edit sauces, I guess
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Seh^ quomm from ancient times just mir we have mere survival. Doubles I have already said in Froleg that it would be i^euerisi. general Yol. L c* 5» aKos of course e«se the souls of those who are not here fMerlinent, admon other types dnm iraris to^ for those described^ expUcatoa how much is enough, Mt air incbos ka- bes in the excellent work of Francis Fic<^ roni| that I JKomdi aoUchi iascriber. He denies that it was a coin of the Torah nt It was necessary that he himself was also a learned man. but in those who were prepared for the use of God be, it is not enough for them to be liqu^t* Certnm is, not a few of them were found impe- perattfris cujuapiam head so*- pis Tcterum columnarum included, and therefore having gathered much skill there, as he thinks, as yuhu principles con- I look to remind posterity, ^via ejua He was the author of the building ^). The courage of others Teri&imily added unknown addresses they rarely suffer which
y^L. SATYRNALU X Number L (Ficoroni l. o. Part» IL tab.. YIL, num. &o.)
lO* SA» 10* Paimae ramus* X Corona^ (Ibid. tab. XY. n. i.)
We have already given the same above to the bronzes and what I said there, BRITA I was killed. The head of BHtattnici naked 10 MAG. Y«IL IYY. (Ibid. P. IL tab. 50 n. 9.) MAHAG. MINEJIYALES, Merciful Mt. 10 JSL F# liueas (Ibid. tab. 9. n. 1.) Yocabula MAG lYY. that is^ ma^V* nier juventutia Yeljuvenumf and MINER- Yale is easy for us to play literary games. they remind me of rum. Similar, but bronze we gave to the gods the nation of Mitreia, in one of which is read more fully: MAG. lY- YENT Yaluere, therefore, of any kind these are the most precious metal, as no one else yidet, to the priyat of similar games the end of the reign is uncertain, which Tarius of course he could have been a bone. Head of Serapiki. X cDTAASS^ alise tgpo^ (Seguin seL nnm. p. a.) 8 Fortuna stwe^ X FEU- GITEB, iiue tjfpo. (Ibid. p. 4.) SILYANL Siivanu9 naked sfans dL Jka^am minor, s. holding the m^orem X fiEBMEBOTIS It is pleasant. (Ibid. page you are MoreUi F.amiU in ineert«. tab. L> He liberalizes the lead bane than he seems to have deserved, explained Se- a profit, which labor, if it is rightly spent, I don't stand in the way let's hang on to the lower gem of literacy mis, of which no one has a greater part he is a fair judge, and a suitable one who not rightly asperneturf nor so much as mar they were to be blamed for the plagues of our country who after a thousand years will pay attention to it threatening wars" trash, nonsense that of the numismatics, which of our age with the same authority reserved for rare uses they do not stop giving birth. If only because miserable kas Teteria aeyi celiciuias ali* what he thinks it is, he will find out exactly where jk) Pag. 77. b) Pag. 5* Digitized by Google PSEUDOMONETA 319 ingeninm «xertere p08tU, in tw^fo Ftcotton work* The names of the deni^ae are not to be passed Ijasdem metal prioribos nonniiiil iUa-* more : FEU MVNICIPI quickly €^t vsriie ntsdum barbtOwn^ put V. X FEL - VENA quickly Head of Ju- come naked lead almost IL Seryatur namos here in Moses once Re- gis Galliarum, you coax a faithful image d. Zo€ga aotoptaanno 1784 com reye- most prominently, most eminently S« R« E. cardinali Stepbano Rorgia nicavit, you would do the matter so much more agreeably, qood Felitrae Volscoram town, ca- Jas Gentile Feliiemu9y at once CaO' Augustus of Saris, so and so are those of his men is the country, neqa on this day jas Tetere noyaqoe famous fame na- at least a customer of certain faith could be found. The first boc of lead was carved from air Fridericas Munteras was exasperated with appropriate additions to the peaceful obseriation bas, qaae to illuminati yalere they can *). At length in his om- lest he investigate the causes of cl. Sestinius wrote a letter in Italian idiom to Zooga, from time to time in the Rome of Antonius Fulgonti made public law in 1796 It is said I will call that Feiixy by the epithet already in the middle of Rome's approaching age are the colonies of TSria, then the lowest To some cities, but HAPPY. tick HAPPY BIRTHDAY RAVENNA. I said yes I have given a catalog elsewhere on the graph, the pages are turned away because of abrasion double letters ro FEIL consequent diffi-
he renders it exptieatioMw* Sestinun He will fill it up: FELIX IV- THE WIND Veliterna, aiiqiie, int«l- ligenAam to be ro T ca« oienMnto N conocexus, e$si his connections neqoe in mm^ my painters, qaan himself ^edat, neqoe in €ff, qoam aulii sineera» cl. Zoega before amios eomploree miserac, Tostigiofli ap* be ready Then he said, as Toeabolus IV* VENTA is indicated by the juniors of Veliterni so that the head of the old man may be indicated in the anterior part higher, and perhaps put the letter V in posi- lam to signify the opposite of VETVSTA w IVVENTA, for, he adds, comper- then to be for himself, the yerb more etiarvi to be a substantiv, one cojus atina He had given us an example. They realize but it is usually done, the rite of the god which, as conjectures with the aid of Toca- ret. They are also uncertain, the old man has gathered his age rich When it is lead, and the thing so much so that the aces and priTatos arbitrary such as the several mentioned above, no the necessity imposed on Tydeus, why ot Sestinius oonjicit, in Instiniani tem- pore Tideatur to be betrayed, -cam et so- worse than the century, this is not a reward for nothing faslidiTcrint, qoa in the sentence of Tideus et al- am I to feel that Ennia Vis- conti, CQ|as I after these writings dis- a series about the same love of Rome I have received an acripta, which can also drink Terisimil, the inscription of the first part can be thus fill out:
MVNIClPl^ifs VELITER«i> FELIriV^r IWENA/io VELITER«a FEHICIIER.
a) Bibliolhek derallen Litcralur TonHeeren. 9 Stick. Grotti in 1792. b) Vol. IV. PSG 472.
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Cetemm pouQDt of the good of our age Talgatamio#pexerit,
Yeliterni coined the old coin, so that it might be perpetual, satisqoe ad?ers
To bear the loss with equal spirit, when I bought the sad rice of this day,
the most numerous of them, the Borgia citizens, for the people. from the heart Yelitras brought the leaden bus to the treasure.
ros TCr^ aureos, which by one of the lustrous arguments of the man who mentions P A VL-
in a few years they could have conquered the coropara- LH^fYM, distinguished under Nero
riches, he will be surprised who is the yictor of their catalog, which I have described elsewhere *). late by Stephanus Borsonius Borae
a) Vol. 6. png. 266
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O B S E R V A T A G E N E R A L I A
TO THE PART OF THE U. HVIVS WORK.
{It was. riii)
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PREFACE
What I set out to do at the beginning of the first part of this work, presumably having been explained to submit to the state of the whole argument the observed generalities, to which the parts by the whole work would be carried out by a scattered explanation, which was conveniently certain it could not be carried out in a pious and convenient place, the same now also in this mo- to establish Roman nets, and indeed imperial ones, by exposition, no in a useful way, but also a necessary view. For they are in this part also not a few widely distributed throughout this discussion, which except they are gathered together in one speech, and they make it difficult and difficult to make a correct statement about them and the labor of judging soberly. Thus you gathered together the gods and goddesses v. c. of vows, of consecrations, of legions, and by placing them in sight we understand much more fully what was done by the principal in these and similar cases established by the principles, and unaltered by the success of time. Abundant too explained in this way shed light on the titles of the Roman princes, or to be honorable to him, to add power to him, and not a little of our in- terest* to have known from the gods themselves, since the monuments were contemporaneous and public at what time they began to be given, when they were either neglected, or entirely omitted. But in showing all these arguments I have no reason to argue the incredible disagreement of the learned was seen as more necessary than that which in iteratac he inquires into the methods and laws of the power of the tribune
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PREFACE
therefore it was necessary to dwell with greater care and study, because collected the greatest, as commonly known, to develop the Augustan chro- nology brings benefits, there will be those observed in this series yet another v. c. of the allegorical gods^ their n^o&o^oKOisa^ addi- and the signs of this kind, and what are other things of that kind, the truth was awe-inspiring the amount of work already increasing too much; if you see any more of these they are entangled^ and less readily explained^ in the very com- I did not neglect to develop my thoughts.
A glance at this approach will give the list and the material of the chapters position of the volume.
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GENERAL OBSERVATIONS
C A P V T I
DB CONSFLIBFS CAESARIBFS
He made the consulship of Boman origin, what dignity, what power, what ri- cissitudes, this is all for me to explain It is not by instinct, and hence from history Knowledge of free boma. Later on Caesar, himself, made the world B» subject to himself "and the successors did not just proceed an- iinos consnles ex yetere institoto * passi they are, even if they have nothing but dignity men would leave, but they themselves often con- by adding the snlatum to his colleagues also priva- to accept In this consul Kalendis woolly process with the fasti Bomapo- mm, and the whole series of times they are limited, and the custom is thenceforth from 1. to Caesar
to the lower age the foot consoling his own, and their repetition* whether they should inscribe the money, can move, the consulship Caesareorum intelligence to chronological order tornm, and the remarkable history of his age to be important
When the hired men understood this, and eape to them in mending their faces it would be moral to appeal to authority not to be absent, whence this consolation the argument of the sarees in accuracatioa exam nom in this argument industriam sn^ Antonius Fagius performed in his di^MeriO'
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CAPVT I
iionehypaUca^ or about the consuUbtiM CaesareiM edition of Lugduni 882 What from with this lucubration of his to the present the following are relevant. begu las YL, which he calls hypaticas, ?ir erudite established, according to which he proposed He was a consul to the emperors to receive, presumably under the auspices of the government, on account of the solemnities of the Quinquennial, and that kind of holidays, because of the con- in the courts of Caesar, the yel of Augustus, because of the ex- a military expedition, a cause of triumph and, finally, for the sake of ancient games larium judgement, I prefer the reader from to others rather than to be instructed by me. Yix that celebrated work of Pagius came to light He came forth, and immediately found those who had passed these things the learned from Tire called the laws into judgment rent Among these, under the leadership of Norisius the consulship of his illustrious Epintola to him Beech dates seriously, but sum with politely, he glanced at his friend, when ftit: Tiri other erudite still of the common people niotie ieneniur, exisiimaniea j j4ugu8io9 just more'9 , tnodo pauciorea usuiaius that he had taken up the arbirior, i.e., a longer one that he had ordered the Puiani to work in vain, while with the same consular causes; rayons invesiigasii» Fir of course docile, and right the name given to me by the third party you are, the genius of my son is to be marveled at there are so many rules of dress that you are destroying I myself put it under exceptions ant, to be frequently coined by the emperors pious rather than observant will be seen, after that the beginning of the case began with a learned man to set forth his reasons, from which command to feel different from a friend carried on, and to continue in its old sen- tehtia, the emperor^ only at discretion
that he was accustomed to undertake the consulship. In that later on the subject was em- the rich abbot Mazzolenus, who, cam in mind adversionibtts to the greatest medals the main modules of the Pisan museum Caesa* carefully explaining the titles merits, in the observation of YL de Consute such in examining these rules of Pagius held the way that this universe May their mind be perpetual, and most just criticism After this the performance of the men I can trust his judgments to confess the opinion, which is, nothing to them The rules of the country are more fluctuating, in- certain, arbitrary, and everywhere from a learned man to confirm his the opinion of historical facts, and the monument* these are brought about by their own ingratitude. Indeed, after a great effort, I am even more tired of this hjpatica I had finished his dissertation, of course much, and I understood more openly before the emperors in taking the consulship that he submitted himself to the laws, but, as in ple- risque things followed by others to have been lustful, when would like to convince us, but as events have shown, after immens sam tension into the wind at last streaming What with the deceptive rules consular in the same work now also the five-year vows desire, will be evident from what is said in this We will teach the rnm treated.
With these explanations to explain latiis reason, such as from Lullius Cae- was established, and by the following governments until the ancients ma- The game is worth it, let's turn to everyone for the reasons of this argument, for the sake of the matter the variety separated into certain articles.
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32 T
5.1.
In this argument the occnrrnnt primnm eonsulata continuous princes or spon- te delatiy or received by them arbitrarily. He had been cautious in the ancient people's knowledge, that no one should return to the consulate within a decade was rare «). True at the time of his return of the state, in which they no longer governed the law ges, but they were governed, the young instituted broken Nbti seven consuls of Mary tus, after 50 consecutive years only 8 not only consul again, but also one dictator, whose example the skin of Lullius Caesar received the continuum consulship ^ a perpetual dictatorship ^ which confirm the continued position of the that of the gods. Conquered in V. C. 8ii by Cor- Nero's decree of the Senate of Artaxates Titus held successive consulships^), which, however, he did not admit the honor of the fast witnesses, and the gods. Vitellinus himself was the consul He ordered a permanent c), but a purpose He missed eTentn. In some August sus- I received the consulship from the successive ones not much disintegrate Vespasianus about X The emperor repeated the consulship eight times. even in admitting it was easy tns, and especially Domitian, whose nu- consulships deserve 15H. Add to these Elagabalus Of all the preceding Theodosius exceeded the number of 11. the right is betrayed in the facies, perhaps also in the gods 18th consulship
5- n.
The discretion of the designating consul
that he stood before the prince, all the im- history teaches us, neither in by the power of the emperors, which limits He loved to be called into doubt. Le- therefore, with regard to the naming of Julian, con- Mamertine said to them intently: he began to focus on the assembly of the sacred breast. consulship ter elections, in which they were elected con- sules, he would represent They accepted it Augustus the consulship, to him together with the im- I could always sew let them drink conjointly, or as morose than the old republic they would object by his example, as Appianus thinks at the request of Sulla, or as the year in which a particular festival was designated more famously had been, they would return to their consulate more cognizant, of which below, or out of vanity you, or the envy of advancing others, that Ausonius eloquently picks up in Domitian f), or for any other reason. for It was a consular matter to the princes welcome, from which it may be understood, because ne- he was also a moderate simors, who did not visit him several times rassct.
III.
Rome ignored the consuls bear, unless the consul is one of the magi* died in bed, in whose place we need another for the rest of the year he was himself, the Consul without this reason is sufficient Lullius gave the example of the former Caesar Dio tells about the year 5. C.
a) Liv. L. VII c. 42 and L. X. c. 13. Vilell. c. 40 d) Thank you. act to Lulian grat, act to Gratian $. 27.
b) He is silent» Ann. XIII c. 41. c) Suet. in
c. 15 e) Bell citizen L. L c. 103. f) right
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CA?VT I
709 ■): Comulaium is continuous^ and ante- I had come into the city men carried on throughout the year^ but after Ro' he came to his mother, and devoted himself to him Q. Fabius^ and C. Trebonius allowed it. When that Fabius died on the last day of his consulship It would be used for the remaining hours of C. Caninius It was enough" that Cicero narrating the same ^) he adds wittily: So be sure to consult Canimus to have harmed no one But nothing to do with it it was done with a towel. It was indeed wonderful vigilance whether he did not see, Yide for similar reasons BaUe said in Macrobinum c). Yulgato for example, it is rarely contiguous in the future, as, who Cal* lan. to proceed, last the whole year rent, of course, to the emperors, to gra- then they would report well on their own merits, and others to the communion of this honor calling-* bu8« £t fait the time in which this license He went beyond the way in which Cleander ex the overpowering servant Commodus Aog* cubic* Larlus consults XXY. in one year is said to have designated ^). There are also ex- emperors, but only fools genius, having been cast down by the legitimate consuls in that he had invaded the place of these. And this only Caligula, and Elagabalus first Having had enough of the oxen, Nero the last, as to these gods we said
Who Kalendislan.processemnt, said were ordinary^ and in that year the name de- they gave, and with so much greater authority they polled, than they were fed up, those outside Rome mother and Italy were almost unknown, and therefore they were called minor consuls" See these carefully set forth in Dio-
nor ^). Discrimination istnd elegant seo- Senecn's tendency is complex'): He gave (emperor) XII. do you accept I didn't do that ordinary consul To be counted by me He wanted a year? but I lack to scLcer endowment He was recruited into the college of Sumf but why in one?
The consuls were satisfied, when from time to time they con* they have attained the ordinary level, ^dno- they are accustomed to earn enough. Octavia» nus y« C. 711 in the place of the consul in the battle finished with the slain, when then Y« C« 721 the consul would proceed again, the consul once again it is in the records of all shot Caligula from Cal. Lul. Y- C 790 snf- the consul having been made, the consul proceeded again Cal. lan* Y* C« 792* Adnumerayit Do- Mitianus consulship with five officers which he had done before the government Tis^ et. Many other examples in the annals But I gave it in the coin of Domitian ad annum Y« C. 832 numus protuli, in with which his five consuls your account is not considered.
5. lY.
The entire republic was not designated consuls^ except in the following year. But for even this institute early co- pit undermined, Y* C. 715 under the command Illvirorum R. P« C. consuls in annoa YIII" were designated, which among M. An- to come in the years 720 and 728. go here from the year Y* C* 710 1 quo consol he first proceeded, and whether 715 in nnmis simply COS* di- citnr, deincept until the year Y« C*
a) L. 43 § 46. b) L. VII. family Epist. 30. c) Saturn. Chapter 11 3. , d) Dio L. 72 § 12. e) L. 48, §. 35. i) dc ira L. IIL c. 31.
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329
780: C08. design ITEH AND TEBT 8b aiino 720 : COS. design III. , thence from the year 728, when the consulship III. inivitt COS. III. I qni order in his money ma- He kept the same law am Octayianas, in the same year V. C. 716 appointed consul in the years 791 and ^aS. Cajom and Lu*, the grandsons of Augustus which the consuls appointed, but if they entered that office after five nothing Yide was said on both sides. don't 11 years old was designed with sul, they will proceed at the age of 20. , from in which COS. Design
And indeed that design agents, when they establish themselves It pleased the consuls to add to the records they did not ignore the public. Hence in these it is obium to read y. g. COS. III. D£S. III. But the question is whether sometimes be the usual emperors, designated con- dropped the design note to write mentally, so that t. g., cm it had been written: COS. III. DES.III., absolut^ they would write: COS. III. add Roat that Pagius brought in copious ar« gomentis *), whose number then follows Mazzolenus Pagius increased this in . cause followers ^). Each and every marble is titled, the ethnic groups in which the inscriptions con- raised with the tribe power to explain dear ones often cannot, unless it is established, appointed to be so consul IIgendos, and they are absolutely known. Jerome I would like these men to be educated first" what a perverted roof derent, of their monuments or the same, or indeed I declare that it was more
eertos 9 than secnros No, no little can be relied upon in chronological cases let the marbles be promulgated, compro- we drink in the treatise of the court* state Hale Iero also the god of the matter we do, unless we see them with our eyes themselves, or by the recognized authority of others certain signs, that they are such, that you go predicate no. I don't want to repeat this which elsewhere about the number of testimonies ez The gods of the captives were eopiously dispntayi. Sa you are the only one of these in judgment beware of the unusual way of promulgating these things the consulship is usually confirmed by the law. nori sius, as it is with Mazzolenus e), Qt he would prove, sometimes consulted that they had been absolutely stated, who in fact they were not, unless they were appointed, says the pul cherrimum of the highest module medal from the museum of the duke of Etruria: IMP. C.M. AVR. SEV. ALEXANDER. AVG., and on the reverse: 10 VI. VLTORI PM TH* P. III. COS. IL P. P. It is certain, Ale- xandri tribe power 3 composed it cannot be with his consnlatu II., if here the input is already understood; therefore, said No laugher, it is to be understood that the design and COS. IL for COS. DES. IL I'm not sure if I'm even sure, those H- tisras thus, as Norisius testifies, in that The greatest form of god is script^s? I consulted the Florentine museum, which Medici gods of the greatest module com- is braided, find a coin from Norisio in- dedicated, but, surprisingly, when epi- graph: lOVL VLTORL P. M. TR. P. III. COS. P. P., which indeed no chronology is best suited
a) He argued. hjpat p. 7. seq. b) Animadv VL of cons. p. 126# seq. c) I. c. 127. •
{Fol. FIIL) T t
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GAPVT L
so the eans of Tiolenti efiPagii. If Norisias Tir eradiiissimo equals, atqae adeara-: tismuB, and indeed with gold^n?^, falsely in which we must be civilized with great faith, when we read evidence, which history 9 and chronolo- are they opposed? Therefore, from those which these men should plead with us, not while the necessity imposed upon me by Tideo to believe, so unfairly randi. However, I was impressed I would only like more healthy iraperil R» times. I got the things from Gallienus in the season known to be strictly illegitimate, and ab- aarda, no one has not explored. That I am sure that we have not omitted an example. in similar inscriptions DES., because that would have disturbed the system of the times, however, it is safe to omit the consumer number side To DE8. preceding Thus v. c. if and they had written COS. III. D£S. 1111, or COS. DES. It had been just as well, for consulship on both sides III. intel is bound And this same number had also sometimes been neglected they teach the god of H. Antonius III in year Y C. 720 signed, in which the law ordi- Nostrils are not called COS. THE JOURNEY DES. III., but simply COS. DES. III. to whom if Scipio had reflected his mind Haffeias, the address would not have been a venture Tergestin
IMP. CAESAR COS. design THREE
IIIVIR R. P. C. ITERVM
MVRVM TVRRESQ. He did
among the commentaries to report from that date
eaptte,' which in it reads COS. nothing euiposiiatmmeralinota^ althoughJy^^^SlG* THREE ever *). And here the scriptures manner will rather strengthen his faith Grammatis, of whom, and of the said An- the age of the tonius numbers is either the same, anty so that you can take the worst, so many years three times
%. V.
ConsulatUB some kind of image was or^ the coftnslarian names under the command decrees Indeed God tells ^^ already in the year 5. C. 687, and standing so still a republic, C. Carbonem, though until now only the tribune of the people ctum, to have been with consular honors decorated, yet we do not catch up enough in which matter these honors consist* True the number of these ornaments is not double It is to be repeated from Julius Caesar, who, as He would give thanks to many, with all consular or ordinary, or sufficient He could not bear the feat, specio^ I have thought of the honor of this consulship he died Many, says Dio c), in pa? tricians, and consular (iig rt^ holox rsworag) reported the number, and Saeto- nius ^): the ten praetoriums were habitable to the men He gives gifts. Cnttk Octaviana posC The death of the consul Hirtius and Pansa the senate, who is so fa* He did not want to give the honor of Stigius to the boy, for the consular honors, however, were consular to him decided ^). More to come hereafter examples given of his dignity, and indeed even to foreigners, in whatever way
a) The art of crit. lap. page 211. b) L. 35 § 23- O L. 43 § c. 76. e) Dio L. 46 § M.
f\7>
d) in Caes.
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331
ClandiuB Agrippa Herodis M. nephew I wanted to decorate that theme [am- formerly the senate under the command of Caligula Boman's flagship jewelry viMet *>).
The question is whether these who the bus was presented with ornaments, when de- thence the consuls had proceeded, consuls have they increased the number? He says that in Oc* tariano Dio ^). For when he was here for the first time consular ornaments, to be continually di- ximus, and a little later the consulship itself He had taken it away, but they did not annibitiosin him according to Tocavit. Rather, it is subject to dt author, this in the likes thereafter for all things have been at their own times observed, but the first time that Se- yerum, who changed his manner. For when Plautian first with these ornaments, de- that he had given him the consulship himself, that he ordered the consul to resign again which afterwards was also done by others. However, this in- We said in his god
§ 6.
Above § II. I gave some reasons which emperors to the consulship-whether to be accepted, or to be frequented not to push But now more carefully to explain what the causes were, why it pleased many of them, I am sure year to undertake the consular Among the rules the first established by Pagius is, the leaders of the nearest after the adil im-
perium Kalendis lan* to proceed the children would have agreed. We do not deny this many emperors followed the custom it is certain, however, that the rule rather fallacy This order was withdrawn by Nero it seems Certainly those who cease, Galba, Yespasianus, Titus, Domitian, after the example of Nerva Nero next Kalendis I^n. consulate really.. Qnod to do with Trajan he would not have thought, said Pliny d): at the beginning I have refused to accept the contributions I know emperors of desHnaium to others in seirans- ferebani Therefore these are the words of Flinius It is already clear enough that this customer has already passed away It was customary for emperors to observe that also confirms Sparianus speaking of Aelius Caesar soon became consul for him because he had been rejected by the government, again with He was designated as After Trajan was not panci, who should depart from him, whom collected Mazzolenus <^), and you can see on the fast Therefore we can say Many emperors were pleased, but less so neat rule
It also happened that various emperors rom the solemn cause of the consulship rent Suetonius speaks eloquently of Augius, to have asked him to the consulship of XlIL and afterwards mother, to love the sons of Caius and Lucius most endowed with his office that he would lead to an apprenticeship in the oven. Im- at least those who The consuls of the East were said to be fnere, says The miser, this he must always avoid to have thought that it was five years old, or about Cennali turns his career to teach him
a) Dio L. 60 § 1 b^ Philo adv. Flacc. p. m. 523 neg. c. 57. c) !• sacpc c. p. 131» i) ch. 26.
c) L. 46 § 46. d) Pa.
T t fl
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CAPVT L
so much so that Tiolenti's efiPagii eausa. If Norisias rir erudiiissimo» as well, tissimusB, and isqaidem ayyronrrig^ fefelliC,; rather than those, it is necessary to be civilized in to be read with faith, when it has been broken the evidence that history and chronology are they opposed? Therefore from those causes which these virattalers to us while I see the necessity imposed upon me to believe, so unrighteous sometimes randi. the law was valid. Yet to be understood I would only wish for a more ancient era of R» times. I got the things from Gallienus in the season known to be observed as clearly illegitimate, and from aarda, no one has not explored" Qaod We have not omitted a certain example. in similar inscriptions DES.* because that would have disturbed the system of the times, however, it is safe to omit the consumer number side To DE8. preceding So v* c. if and they had written COS. III. DES. IIIL, aive COS. DES. nil., it had been exactly the same, for consulship on both sides III. intel But this same number is bound had also sometimes been neglected they teach the gods of H* Antonius Illviri in the year Y* C. 720 signed, in which the law ordi- The nostrils are not called €OS. THE JOURNEY DES. III., but simply COS. DES. III. to whom if Scipio had reflected his mind Haffeios, the address would not have been a venture Tergestin
IMP. CAESAR COS. design THREE , IIIVIR. R. P. C. ITERVM
MVRVM TVRRESQ. He did
among the commentaries to report from that date
eapite, where it is read COS. nuttd attached ttutneraii note, ^^mvts DESIG. THREE $equal ■). And here the scriptures manner will rather strengthen his faith grammatis, qaiahajus, and dictorum An« the age of the ton numbers is either the same or not for most of the demosy years three times
i. V.
ConsulatUB a kind of image often or^ the coftntlarian names under the command decrees Indeed he tells God already in the year 5* C. 687, and standing so still a republic, C. Carbonem, though only the tribune of the people ctum, to have been ex-» adorned., yet we are not sufficiently pursued in which matter these honors consist* True The origin of these ornaments is not doubtful It is to be repeated from Julius Caesar, who, as He would give thanks to many, as well as to all consular or ordinary, or sufficient He could not bear the feat, specio^ I am pleased to think of this honor he died Many, says Dio c), in pa? tricians, and consular {iig ryg uTro* rsworas:) reported the number, and Sneto* nius ^): consular men in ten praetoriums He gives gifts. Cuih Octavianus posC The death of the consul of Hirtius and Pansa the senate, who is so fa* He did not want to give the honor of Stigius to the boy, for consular honors to him, however decided ^). More to come examples given of his dignity, and indeed even to foreigners, in whatever way
a) The art of crlt. lap. page 211. b) L. 35 § 23- c) L. 43 § (v7^ c. 76. e) Dio L. 46 § 4 U
d) in Cacs.
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Claudius Agrippa Herod's nephew that theme will be decorated with him [am. formerly the senate under the command of Caligula Boman's flagship jewelry viftset^).
The question is whether these who bu8 omaments were given, when de- thence the consuls had proceeded, consuls Did they increase the length? He says that in Oc* tariano Dio ^). For when he was here for the first time consular ornaments, to be continually di- ximus, and a little later the consulship itself he had taken away, but not this ambition according to Tocavit. Rather, it is subject to dt anctor, that is, in the like from now on He was to all until his own time observed, the first time before was Se- the truth, who changed his manner. For when Plautian first with these ornaments, de- Iodine himself had given the consulship, as it were that the consul had again been ordered to be renounced, it was also done by others. Yet Macrinus in himself We have said in whose god
§ 6.
Above §• II. I gave some reasons which emperors to the consulship suscipiejf^dum , sire frequentandum ge to push involuntarily. But now more carefully I must explain what the causes were, why it pleased many of them, I am sure year to undertake the consulship. Among the rulers* The liver cells were first established by Beech is, the leaders of the nearest j^ost access im-
January 1st We do not deny that the lea had sneered, this one many emperors followed the custom yet it is certain, that rule rather fallacy This order was withdrawn by Nero it seems Certainly those who cease, Galba, Yespasianus, Titus, Domitian, after the example of Nerva Nero next Kalendis I^n. consulate really.. What to do with Trajan he would not have thought, said PIinins d): imioprirh' I was informed of the refusal of the consulate the emperors of the destiny of others they were carrying Therefore the words of Pliny are these very things It is already clear enough that this customer is already there It was customary for emperors to observe that also confirms Sparianus speaking of Aelius Caesar immediately became consul to him because he was deputed to the government, again with He was appointed after Trajan not panci, who should depart from him, as collected Mazzolenus <^), and you can see on the fast We can therefore say that it is a roar many emperors agreed, seven times neat rule
The fact that various emperors take comfort in the solemn chaos rent Suetonius speaks eloquently of Augius, asked him to the consulship XllL and later mother, to love the sons of Caius and Lucius the most endowed magistrate that he would lead to an apprenticeship in the oven. Im- at least those who The consuls of the east were often said to be miser, this he must always avoid to have thought, as if qoinqnennali, or of* cennali's career as a teacher
a) Dio L. 60 § ^. b^ Philo adv. Flacc. p. m. 523 ncg. c. 57. e) K sacpc c. p. 131» i) ch. 26.
c) L. 46 § 46. d) Pa.
T t fl
Digitized by
.332
CAPVT L
tiim, a qao anniu incribitvr, cniqaam they would grant Caare, inqait, merry I laughed plainly, Theodosia M. this ho^ Norem ia qainqaennalibas cessisse Sa» pri?ato ■)•
Ccl. Pagioa plarea other scapidni It contains salad dressings, in particular 10th anniversary of vows, co^Ie* giam consul of Caesar, yel Augustus military campaigns, triumphs, wars worldly gifts, and rum, theaters, colossus, baths rum dedications What are the arguments? you wander, are uncertain, and have nothing agreeing to dismiss this whole case to stabilize, we said at the beginning of the hu- treated right In general, it can be of the sea, to the emperors, as in most things but to others, I learned that there was one I will go up and repeat the consulship cause"
§ VII.
£x which princes do all at their discretion to submit the power to the consuls he no longer continued to wage wars abroad, or to provide, to avoid resp» loss let him suffer, but Rome in one of his shifts I was conspicuous for the great affairs of the government They were forced to pursue an ignoble leisure. Mamertinas, then, correctly said of the consu- broadsides, but the age of the emperor ^) : in addr The lahor of minutrationis is added to the honor in the consulship he is received with honor without reprimand. To love Cassiodorius more, whom §• X. we will quote, that consul leisure and he was so out of countless in- Caligal said to himself of the soundness of the argument
he had closed his eyes, game, that the horse is capable of consnlatos he believed strata forward, explained lo- lianus Aug. c) as a private person the reward which is Sam^ and the reward of virtue^ tisj either of faith^ or of benevolence towards the princes, or the superiors of any criminal but to the princes themselves for those good things already possessed, as if it were a beauty it is an addition.
§• VIII.
Counseling, before killing completely ret, various forms are still obser- vanda, but which I will discuss in a few words I will pursue it, because indeed it is history much of his age, but nothing to the matter further contributes to numismatics. Who he wants more, he goes after Panvinium Pa- part II of the hypatic dissertation from page 3o8.
The consulship lasted half a day, when consult only one, associate with no one it was clear Such has never been the case For example, in the year 5. C. 702 he was consul III. Cn. Pompey M., who alone in co- He was elected consul without a colleague. Vt then disagreed with the insolent citizen of this day it was the cause of the fact, so also the ruling Finally, Constantine M. disagreed with the majority nm commanding Of course, many of the old ones fasti years after Christuiki 3 10 and 3is to note the consuIa'tu of Maxentius alone. PIu- See the other reasons for eating food at Pagium thence from pag. 3io I. c.
Eastern Consul and Western Consul Stantinus M. divided into the East, and
He prays. 16 b) Thank you. and Julian c 2. c) He prays. III
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333
He established the empire of the West, nt ddoram anDoornm cqnsolom alter Romee, Con« the other designator of Constantinople beginning in the year of Christ 338, cojos Kalendis lan. after the death of Constantine tino M., and vnperio from them Tolontate I divided the first generation into three sons ris consuls processerCf and Yrsos qoi- the latter in the West, Polemios in the East. From whence the deed, ot, if the qoando of another the world was not yet established, write retor in public records r. g. with N. and what was announced^ or: to the consuls^ the other of them is Ariataenetua ^ eonlegam I don't even know. See similar examples Pagiom ■)*
Forms after conmlatnm. Com or because of the discords I prevail, siTe wars, or the slaughter of princes, etc Chaotic years for his companions, at least cerlis, would lack recognition, not the fact rarely, ot yacoos here for years, plo- or else from a certain console of the preceding year would take the name, written v. g. Basil
V. C. consul, - In the second year after C. .Basilii - in the third year of the C» Basilii^
541 years after Christ are designated as 642, 543. This formula is read first mom to the year of Christ^3o7, com anni* the previous consuls had been Constant tin Chloros YI and Gal. Maximianus
6. f frequent emperors in the age fimOy of various cojos, and often confo- if you read it, see Pagiom ^), qoi et co- pious examples to prove guardian, thence by Constantine Pogonato eon^ comforted, as once the tribonic power geatos foisse <:).
§ 9
When comforted, we will return to the yarii generals monomentisi attisqoe privatiS | especially the com iides should be done, the producer, however, in the matter of money I began to neglect it early. Then from Con- Stantino M., and finally to Caesar after a long time between wall of Theodosius II. consoled 17 and XVlII it will be written again in the name of God. Po- Heraclius II. Constantine son of Heraclius I., in whose name I singo- lari, which we will give in its place, reader ERACIO CONSVAI Finally come bilis here roagistratus, to whom nothing can be extended it was left of its old splendor, so co- he pits to become cheap, ot Leo VI. Wise man He entered the empire in the year of Christ 886, No*. I would like a CV. Lustiniani, qoae de conso* It treats broadly, and contains the law, nothing else to remp relevant, com to others The books are exempted from the legal catalog Read the whole constitution of Leo, which is exactly 94 £t agreed on the beginnings in the East to design the years ot epoch of the world was created, when they were collected 70 interpreters in the years true or false, it was founded on the 1st September in the year 55o8 Roense III. day XXy. before the birth of Christ, of whom vi of the chronologists, and in the compendium of Gib- good chapter 40 in the end.
§ X.
Finally, also about the notables, qoae consoles are different to pay AitFioros of Tarqoinius Priscus ^):
a) 1. c. page 310 I. c. 6.
b) He argued. hyp. Parl. III. chap. II. Sec. c) I. c. chap. IV. d) L.
Digitized by
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CAPVT I
XII. for the people of Tuscany were numerous under his arms, and from thence you will receive the benefits of the shift Curules^ rings^ harnesses^ paludaments^ pretexted, whence four golden hurrus triumphant horses, painted gowns, tunics that palmate^ everything, in short, is beautiful^ and the insignia by which the dignity of the empire stands out they were taken, Dionysius Ualic. in the principal of the tribe, which is called Priscus transferred the name, names the crown au- having a ream and a staff at the top eagle ctam^ and a painted purple gown *). He added, after driving the kings and the insignia had been permitted by the sultans, with a low crown, and a painted toga, although twice, when they triumphed, they used Numi family they instruct us little, as far as ex so many notables at the time of Boma still li- bere's consulship was cancelled. In the nymphs of the lunar race are covered with nets L. Brulus, and himself after the executed kings the first consul between the two police officers btts , and the terrible axes to proceed: re* the consul's lands XII. you will be presided over that he had done it, it was already clear enough in another way. In the penny of Corn. Sulla, who par con- all SuIIam, and Pompey the Owl of they say that in the denarius of Valerius Messal lae, inscribed PATBE COS., 'counsel This sport is given to the curule, and this to others even the magistrates were inferior to the consulship to have in common In the Au taste, which we gave in this coin to the year 5. C 752, are proposed pious with an eagle, a painted gown, and linen, And all that I said there was more likely with triumphal ornaments, which con- sulalus must be distinguished. For these things
as regards, the age of the lequenes is several,* and teaches more precisely. At Yopiscum Yale rianus Aug. Aurelian among other things yerbis adloquilur I>)s Take therefore for thee for your accomplishments woven^ palmed tunic^ pi* ctamy subarmalem pt[ofundum^ saddlemebo* rate In fact, I am planning to take you today I will write to the senate, so that you may know He will also depute the pion. A similar matter Cassiodorius brings them in Ctus, whom Augustus had no worthy merit they adorned themselves with consular insignia <:) : But now you take these more happily when we we have the labors of the consul, and you the joys
positions - -. Paint the waste hu^
the mere variegated eolore of the paimata, the strong ma* whether he was ennobled by a victorious staff the former also went out of the saddle with gilded shoes Curuleum, because of his greatness, was greatly admired come up with a heavy load, as if he were a subject at leisure You deserve it, because we worked hard we assume that they are in command. £t, however, in Numia The Augustus therefore surrendered the government aaepe met the protome of the emperor ye- surrounded by palm leaves, and a staff the preceding eagle carrying a man you understand Augustus. But that's all the consul will take the best attitude from to the ebonists, none of whom says Ducangius in his dissertation on NumiB table 5 of a later age, and explains § ly. , where the appropriate variety of habit con- He teaches the students of that age. Also from pre- clear to another diptych, which once was No- rimberga in the house of Ncgeleinianit, ab explained in a learned manner by various authors, but today among the most famous monuments which count a remarkable treasure
a} Anl. L. IIL p. ra. 195
b) in Aurelian.
c) Varlar. L. VI.
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335
Vitzai^sorning, it is seen *)\ Of the staff-
you should not be given the usual aquifer
I have brought some more evidence to
the lauded coin of Augustus, which
did I describe V. C. 752
}Finally, the consular process is still
such as is proposed in the world, expedient
so They said that the consulSf
when, last year to con-
appointed julatnm, Kalendis lanuariis
the usual parade and procession
then to initiate, atq»e solemn acts here
the consiUaris process
the teachers were to be pelted with the same sword
epigraph FELIX PROCESSfw CON-
SYL. AYG. N., a little after the prophet
oars 6ed and tons of examples, author
again, the word process alone was omitted
also mention the consuls, process con-
' he wanted to be understood as a solar man. Luvenal ob-
cursing those who take perverse and crooked ways
from the lowest to the highest honors
so he says *) :
• •
When those who move you
they deserve
Noctibua^ into heaven that (^ evehit^ opti)
ma of the highest
Now the way of the process, the old bladder
blessed
which of course teaches yerbis, men nau-
the first time I was ashamed of the old people's custom
he had done the thing, then to the consulate
were raised up, or the honor of the highest for*
sus. The poet's mind is also quite clear
explains the word "fii7s-" used for this place
move, of course, to the preceding
with the departure of the consuls
those who opened, obstructed by the influx in which manner and fittingly said Hora- tina *») :
Nott enimgazae^ nor consular The policeman raises the wretched commotion The mind, and the cares of the ceiling around Flying roofs. I was pleased to add to these Luvenal words how long to stay, because I see, men they were not learned in their observances quite conveniently their true meaning to have developed
I said sometimes), difficult sometimes" how to define being, when in heaven the emperor is led by a team or by a horse rum, or the carriage of elephants, and sci- bearing a pawn with an eagle, whether hoo a type of triumph, or a consular process it must be understood, because we say, this eagle and with the triumphal* bns, and is common to the consols* Ta- but not infrequently the god himself dictates by which you distinguish both solemnities. When there is a type like that in his head of the year in which it is certain that the emperor that the manor had proceeded, and especially if I mention the events that took place in that year of triumph. it does not, it cannot be doubted, process I am consular, and he is inserted of the gods in the manner in which each is illustrious to get used to the facts of the inserted movement. £x stand the distinguished gods of Commodus with the tjpo the like, in which it is called TR P. Xy, IMP. VIII. COS. VL, which are certain notes of the year V. C« q43, whose Kalendis lan. the consul VL of Caracalla came forward with TR pp. 40 and 110 ; are these no-
*) What tainen aDno just passed (1834)
we received Not. edit a) Sat. 1 37. b; Carm. L. II. od. 16.
in the museum we the report that Fcjervary's men had migrated c) whether Aug. to V. C. 762
Digitized by
336
CAPVT I
tae annoram V. C. 961 and 966, qo,o« 3. , this iy« Insignias numus max. module Albani offers a protome in the foreground Gordiani with a painted toga, and holding in his hand a staff of eagles tis: on the reverse is: PONTIFEX. MAX. TR. P* IIIL COS. 11. P. P. and impera- tor in a team of horses d. laurel wreath mum, s. aqctllam, put Yictoria insists a soldier precedes, and other figures with palm branches The bow is of the year T*C. 994*, when he entered the second consulship. He himself even the mode of writing is not infrequently pro- prescribes a consular departure. Known they are the gods of Caracalla: COS. II. tjpo the like, and others of the brother of the Getae: COS. type afraid Numi for both sai^t of the year Y. C. qS8, by which Caracalla proceeded COS. II. Geta COS first Because these de- nothing in the nose except the consulate they will write, it is certain, the currency The object was nothing else than that nt with this joscription they celebrated the brothers the consulship, therefore even with the appointed tjpo. It belongs to Eden written in two gods max. the Gaulish and Yolusian forms of COS. II. AND COS. tjpo similar ■). Of course these Augustus V. C. 1007 sules, the father again, the son of the former. Ad you use this same law name insi- the golden gnem of Diocletian, and of Maximian, who Norisius jusius dissertation material it was enough:
IMPP Diocletian AND MA- XIMIAN AYGG. Protoma two lau- reatae utrrusqfse imperatoritj and consulari- bu9 clothed with scepter in hand eagle preferring 2 IMPP. DIOCLE
TIANO lU. AND MAXIMIAN C0S8.
A chariot drawn by four elephants with a ra- ctoribuspalmigeris and insists on both greater, and higher than these Fictoria*
To this add others of Maxentius, in whom atersa
HAPPY PROCESS CONSVL /^m CONSVLAT to others.) AVG. No. Emperor already in a team of elephants ^ already in Sixty horses carried d, a branch of laurel «. staff
See these gods described more carefully tn coin of Maxentius. Who will deny In the previous chapter, the process of con- sular, with a pair of consuls Agg. next to when the script appears on the display? But this is much more clear from to the other god, who himself carried on the process He pronounces the haircut.
This should be taught more copiously Norisins in his acclaimed dissertation he strives, even he who is in his God the god of Cletian and Maximian, to be tri- and the bed was driven away both because of the related victories of triumph, although the same is not incited ^) , in Maxentius the god is not a triumph, but a process to be presented to the consular The same thing in the sky Alexander Severus, in which the team is here d. holding an eagle with additional features TR. P. VIII. COS. III again he sees the triumph ^)^ when ta- but this type is the surest witness for give consular departure according to the law as well; for Alexander in the year 5* C. 983, which trib. counted the power of VHL, Consul III proceeded. The less in the nu- Diocletian's consul process once again, a great moment for him
a) Mouse Albani t.ib. 8t. b) His he argues. c. V. p. 34. c) I. c. p. 45.
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diigae elephantornm I don't know, im not infrequently in this team animal tiiumphasse his first exam plum vulgar Pompey the Great in tri- umpho Africanus lesle Plinius ■). He tells Lampridius *>), Alexander Severus, when Capi returned from the Persian expedition Tolium would go up, in 6uo company ha« to have driven a triumphal chariot from YI. choose pbaniis stretch. Announced to Rome dians of Persia yictoria^ the senate to the victor He decided on a team of elephants^). What was the reason why they were called Peaceful ret triumphal belluai «*). But it is certain also, elephants not only that they had been employed We often see in the woods, Augustus and Augustus then these beasts were united, and di- Suctonius, Claudius grandmother Livia's divine honors, and considered a parade car clephantornm An- to have taken care of such a decision, which they themselves exhibit to Nero's name produced twice in the year Y. C. 808. Therefore four hundred elephants to others also nsus to value, and eliain to the process consular not against Norisius himself, who as has been said, in the seniles of Maxentius qua- Drigis recognized the consular process, in which way Iriumphatus also was Jani horses, already elephants, and indeed from 1^ge ordinary horses, with the burden of the elianci Apulcio '), to be proper triutnphantilms white fours and a palmed gown* Finally, suppose a certain triumph, when so a similar process is imagined in the world of that year in which he had really triumphed
it is established that he did not repeat the consolation. Hu- they offered the right example to the god Tiberius year 5. C. 766, and others, certain au- tem consular process, with that in the year of which it is a god, indeed from the beginning it is agreed with the consulship, but not with regard to the triumvirate any pho £st among the gods M. Aa- Caesar's bow was still left with the like tjpo signed Y. C. 8q8. That year he entered the consulship of IL, without any triumvirate pho, and not even in war. More like We have given some examples above. Finally a branch of laurel, which is not in these gods Emperors seldom prefer the hand, though if it befits the most triumphant, however also whose process can be consulted put together, you will easily understand from them, what in the coinage of Antoninus in the year Y. C. 892, and the S. P. Q. R. A. N. F. F. de more laurel wreaths Kalendia lan. re- to prepare dlsscroi.
Through this consular process alone not only were the consuls Augustus Caesars, but also private money to scatter among the people^ is evident from the Novel la Lustiniani 6): Give the sun to scatter gold a mouse under the command of whom alone even gold temner guarantees the pinnacle of fortune, Ar* the nation, indeed, tjiUod soon after the gold pre* He will become the most generous and give to the other consuls a decent wall, And a little below: Sit down argent indeed by sprinkling thus sanctioned by the nois let it be, even if he had given permission to do so at all let him have the abundance of money to distribute in his processions, as he himself rightly behaves He would have repudiated it by completely banning gold to be shot, which was only a tribute to the emperor
a) L. VIIL §♦ 2. b) in Alexandria. c) Capltolin. in Gord» d) Paneg. Theo-
gift c. 22. e) in Claud. c. 11. f) Apology. p. m. 270. g) CIIL Tit. VL c. 2.
(roi. riJL) ^ V u
Digitized by
338
CAPVT n.
is to happen Qao in titalo, so and elsewhere *) there are more Reporters of this spraying in two processes to rite for themselves. There is a free hajas* local information in namo con- turned deeper on the page 2()0 described, in the obverse of which is: PETRONIVS. MAXIMUM MVS V. C. CONS. IpHO Petroniw con- he sits clothed in the saddle d. voiumen^ s* Rcipion with an eagle^ in the bottom, two purses filled with coins, one of which they were loosed by the gods. Yide, what is there to observe this type male And this sprinkle of pecans the custom was strictly consa- cam processes to be connected, is clear from the history of the dovei, the first of the Merovingians of Gaul gi8, of which Gregory of Turon ^) : Chloe Dovechus is codified by the emperor Anastasius He received the letters from the consulship and into the basilica of the blessed Martini (at Turonus) then the blatea he is clothed and with a scarf, putting on the top diadem Then mount the horse rum and silver on that journey, which in* thrice the gate of the court of the basilica of blessed Martin and It is an excess of the commonwealth sprinkling his hands with good wishes" sima erogavity and from that day as con- he stands and Augustus is called
the hail fell on the heads of the Valgi so rapidly It was worth the process in bed, even now openly consular, qao- whether emperors or emperors they would spread the money in a flash, this very scattering would be called uTrar^/a, con-' sutatusj and this act itself inarsiaf Tfotsiv^ to make it sewn up, that is, to perform it which you advise to be accustomed to do. De Constantine Y. tells the sons of Copronymi Nicephorus of Constantinople at the end His history: ri^^ $5 ^acfiKixrig n^co^» uara ro iiojBog STts rfjv xu^ohixviif JxxKvig^iuv c^€90fJLiV¥ig iTfareia» inoiYi C A P V T n. DB PROCONSFLIBFS CAESARIBFS He was their first proconsul in dignity and power at the time of Rome a) Cod. L. XII. title 3 b) Hist. Frank L. II. c. 38. Digitized by Google BE PPiOCOjNSVLIB. He will be defeated. 339 then they were sent free into the provinces of those who preside over these, ez quo Au- He liked the government in his own, and the people pro- \incias divided, abundantly in notice- Warnings to the first part of this work YoK iy« pag. 234 egirous, because he has many the names of private consuls Roonet was registered outside the city. But 8unt also married, even if they were few in number. these, who proconsuHs themselves to Augustus to add They are the following read: CONSVL III. P. P. PROCOS., in to others: CONSVL VH P. P. PROCUS. in Duke Diocletian COS. III. P. P. PROCOS, among others: CONSVL III. 6. VII. VIII. P. P. PRO. COS. in the gods of Maiimian Herc. CONSVL V. P. P. PROCUS. in nu- of Constantius Chlorus. CONSVL P. P. PROCONSVL, in the god Licinius the Elder. CONSVL P. P. PROCONSVL^ — PM TRIBE P. COS. IIIl. P, P. PRO- COS. — P. M. TRIB. P. COS. 6. P. P. PROCUS in the heavens of Constantine M. In addition to these, they are still mentioned: ATTOK.KAl2API.AN0u7raTa,, ni- A wonderful proconsul of Graeti to say ay- Dimaroy Thus reads Vaillantius in the cloud Parchment since the beginning of August, is it enough? tnto, it seems that it can be dnbited.
IMP.CAES.TRAIANVS.AVG. PM P. P. PROCONS. in the contours of the museum Caesarea, and Theopolis.
luvat in oHgineA proconsulatus Au- brought to Caesar's taste run Of the ordinary proconsuls
Tatorum elsewhere, as I immediately said, from mc act But it was the times of Roiua or free, or commanding, when ad the safety of the empire was seen as necessary, to increase the power of the proconsts. Ad The pirate war was thus sent by Cn. apple worse, like the sea-floor, and at fifty a mile from the sea would have the power, the kings of the nation until they sent all those who asked for help etc. *) when the senate was assembled, as says Velieius ^), almost of the whole world the world was ruled by one man, who immediately adds, the same thing before in that the prefect of M. Antonius had decreed, which Cicero touches upon himself, when he says The Siculus of M. Antonius impe rium felt j of course with the help of the party cu- the account of the entire coast of the husband mae nacli, as to these words of Cicero Asconius notices, and also hints that La* ctanlius ^), Cicero in the senate consultation, that of Dolabelle during the war of C. Cassius For the following reason he had urged <^), among other things these things are sanctioned: that Cassius proconsul for I will conquer Syria, and I will win every day timo has obtained the province by right impercmdi in Syria^ Asia^ Bithynia^ Pon* and let your power be at least in the province of his conduct of war C* Let the proconsuls of Cassius be ^ whose will be ^ who He will then obtain his provision with C. Cas his proconsul will come to her These Romes are still free exam- Pla* Augustus M. Agrippa twice, nimi- in the years V. C. 781 and 788 You give the East the greatest blessings
a) Appian bell Mithr. c. 0. b) L, IL c. 31. c) in Verr. L. II. c. 3. d) Inslit. L. L c 11. e) Phiiipp. XI. c. 12*
V u a
Digitized by
540
CAPVT 11.
You can send Yate •). V. C\ 7S3 Caius Cae- Sar Agrippa F. to the East to the war Parlhis to be brought with the government pro- he set out to be a consul *». Adhering to you drink, I cannot move to the East unless By the wisdom of the Germans, I decreed the fathers allowed the Germanic province the quaemari are divided^ and the greater empire^ with whom he would have gone ^ by whom^ by what sort^ or they would obtain a message from the prince «). Some time later for years he was again threatened by the fear of the Parthians Tiberius to all the they were plundering^ L. Fitellius prefecit f). Ad- yersus the same Parthos Corbulon with Nero would send, it is written to the tetrarchs and re^ to the governors and governors and to the procurators and those who r^- they wore, in obedience to the orders of Corbulus, in tan' then, with increased power, he closed the way, which the people of R. Cn. Pompey's piratical war He had given the gesture ®).
Proconsular government extraordinaire of those whom I have just mentioned for men, the delay is only a temporary fu- isse, of course you were urgent. for reasons pte is clear But I will do the same in the empire. bns began to be eternal. What his was the origin, and what other causes, ne- he taught Dio more openly. He tells Inler other honors V. C. 781 Augustus that they had also been brought forward as a command for he would have to sew continuously, and not to enter to put down the orchard, nor un- which it would be necessary to renew, and as a greater they themselves in the individual provinces, than the prefects their power would always be * But it is clear
Also, Augustus did not do this honor you seldom laugh with those whom you adopt He agreed to share. By the senate Claudius decreed that Nero Caesblv procou' He would have a rulership outside the city 8). Antoninus Pius ~ Acted in the same manner He is the father of Hadrian and of the empire sular^ and congregate in the tribunician power^), after which Iilius Aurelius Caesar /r/- He was given the power of the throne, and the empire to be proconsular outside the city"). So it was of the proconsuls with the Romans three, one principal among them, who ad to govern the provinces of the empire, or by lot, either by comparison or by later sending they came out, another extraordinary rium of the people, to whom for a certain time a greater government than what proconsu- was a light, and went into several provinces it is wide, the third is perpetual, which ad He prevailed over all the provinces, and that from there from Augustus to all the emperors, and not infrequently from these Caesars, destined which was decreed to the successors.
And of these things which have just been mentioned we stayed, it can not be understood in the dark gi, which was Caesar's proconsul taken by nature, and as much as Caesaribns enumerated in this position witnesses To be tamea the authors of various for some of its causes more precisely, accurately until now they seemed to be remanded, those among were Salmasius ^) , Casanbonus ^) , Pa* ~giu8 ™), who moreover, in what part to himself adversatur Norisiu8,^ commemorat, Span- hemiQs v^), finally Mazzolenus <>).. Hos
a) Woris Cenot Pis Diss. II. c. t6. § 8. b) Zonaras from Dion. c) Tacll Ann.II.c.43^ d) Silent Ann. 6. c. 32.. - e) Tacll. Ann* XV. c. 25. f) L-IIIL §. 32. g) Taclt.
Ann. XII. c. 41, h) Capitolium. in Ant. Pious i) Capitoline in M. Aurelius k) to Capi- Tolin p. 81. l) to the Capitoline p. 49. m) Crilic. Barons in various places. n) Tom. II. Diss. XII. p» 463. seq. o) Animadv VII. of the Proconsul
Digitized by
DE PROCONSVLIB. He will be defeated.
:-hi
Pagius thought that the Caesares a ProcoDsular empire first name Impe* to have had reports Against this No- laughing, because, he says, among the titles of Au- of taste in roarroorifaus and numis pri- In this place, the operator's title is marked, lastly the proconsuls, from whom the father and both are far apart in reason, or at least one by no means from the other clearly derived. Then, when from Augustus, the name of Caesar and the government He was given the post of proconsul by the imr it was not said that the proconsul rator, south proconsul Of course no Ne- nor M. Aurelius Caesares, to them both proconsuls tus esseC) anywhere legirous iroperator praenorine used. I'm tired of Pa- those with whom he supports his own, or beautiful or too weak, or too subtle to reflect, which, if you wish, you have collected at cl. lAazzoIenum. But Spanheroius *) taught all, or perhaps the chief power testified by the proconsul in the emperor's vo- the cabbage had been placed, namely, the au Roman commanders waged wars with spears, with which one of the above-mentioned noroines juxtaposition, and the judgment of urban affairs, and the rights of all magistrates in August but, as it befits God, it was translated. However, even if he was proconsul. command from would be led by the title of emperor, had been pro- the name of the consuls for a particular reason, and in Added grace to Augustus. Divided nem- from that time the world of R. had been in the provinces of Caesar and of the people, after whom the magistrates of the people under the proconsul they were in charge of me. Hence, as nihiloroinings All those provinces under Caesar's auspices
to be managed equally by individual pre- they would understand the sides more easily, nor any the parts of the world R. she was transferred by the proconsuls to Aug. Stum, and successors nomenclature. Ark from this view of Spanhemius that which Mazzo put there smooth ^).
We clearly see what has been said He was proconsular of the Empire before Caesarea iRo , which collated into others at various times then there was excellence. From what was brought the testimony of another Dion, to whom Au- that power is narrated with gusto, Ilquet I. that it was greater in the individual provinces cils, than their ordinary officers, from which right of the opinion of Spanhemius flur xlt also the power, 'in the proconsul, who presides over the provinces of the people of R. Gta el roores to investigate, also sent in them to the connoisseurs, who have their own in the matter they would fill the yices, whose illustrious example offers marble to Gruteri c). II. he had been permanent proconsulship, no, qua-* it was the case of those whom we have enumerated above temporary, nor was it necessary, game once accepted to be renewed or 3 put it inside the apple tree a matter which, however, was ordered to others. I am not your proconsul to Caesar plum redo discrimination, but also excelling^- then If it is already too much, and freedom Tisa was proconsular to most of them Pompey's power, though within fifty the isthmus was kept a mile from the sea, how much more illustrious must have been the pro- the consulship of Augustus, to whom the provinces all, and not only a part of them, but were all the subjects? Therefore, no
a) Diss. 14 p. 46 r. b) 50 c. p. 15 (J. c) Pag. 381. 3.
Digitized by
542
CAPVT n. DE PROCONSVLIB. He will be defeated.
what a wonder, Augustus, what while other governments and dignities are yours would throw, so also this government that he had sought to court, that he might be bem B. place, which by some name from sum- but by his power he could To laugh
Proconsul of the August Caesars which is not often read as a reminder inscribed on the sails. A few, who they offered him, the head of this we have given Abbot Mazzolenus, who traced him in the marbles, did not re- except among the leaders of the higher government one of Caligula *), one of Hadrian ^), one of Aelius Caes. c) Marinius spreto Ca- in memory of the past in marble He recognizes the procotisule Hadrianus «^). From then on, that dignity was frequented Antoninls is read, to see that they are yet catalogs of rum inscriptions, as well as in of public literature, editors Idscriptions you.
Why is the mention of his power rarer in be a public warning, fcrt Spanhemius «), first, because the empire not always, not even in the city, but ex- the anger of the proconsuls Inm to undertake, taught by Dion ^ : vnarot re «ya^ n}\€ifU7tig fjt.cc^ovrutj for the consuls become more and more^ to him prosuies always y whenever extra pomoe^ The cause of the sun is called a probable cause another, because this proconsular power in* £ra considered the pinnacle of power tur'; hence neither the prince's senalus nor the oath refutation, which Augustus also decreed* then it was, we see no mention of it. This, in short, is singular, Augustus these proconsulatibtts sometimes Coughs are added. Mazzolenus quotes the marble Severus cnm TRIB. POT VIII. added in another suitors. Again, in another PROCUS IIL, in another e>u^dem: TRIB. POT 17 PROCUS V. In marble Valerian TRIB. POT III. COS. P. P. PROCUS IL, in another Maximian: COS: III. P. P. PROCUS. Again and again. Which was the cause of repeating that he was proconsul which way, I do not quite understand. He throws Mazzolenus, these bridegrooms to depart into the provinces, and military expeditions tares referendos, qnod Dio yerbis, quae we just told, it seems con&rmart when he said: they were many times outside the orchard they were called proconsutes. Into the woods rante Tiberius cusis, whom Car- We have described thaginis, L. Apronius said there are suitors IIL, but xn to whom yerisi- It is a thousand, he adds III. to indicate after the third year
a) Grut page 188. n. 7. ^b) Ibid. page 198. n. 1. c) ibid. p. 251. n. 2. ary page 719. e) Diss. XII. page 463. 0 L. 53. § 17.
d) Fr.
Digitized by
Gobgle
CAPVT m. ON THE NAME OF THE EMPEROR
343
CAPVT.m.
D E N O M 1 N E I M P E B A T O R I S .
JLioBianis is said to be the emperor the rep * isi qai had to destroy the government. Said Appianus : oivToyi^uro^ug St otoixu» ^BfTtv^ 6 nai rm yr^oo^a/^coy (rr^arviyoDv oifo^ jjLu ifvf the emperors called princes the foot of the Romans, once a warlord at the time it was the name of the compositors. At- Qae in this meaning is professed Tiberius at Dion ^) e^Be %b at home" Is the emperor of the soldiers the prince of the slaves? the onion of the others. £t Plautus <^):
But where the supreme emperor was not present 4 that army.
At what time Caesar began the war in Africa when the Pompeians acted, Considius capli* vo, who himself was impeached by Caesar he said to bring the ralore, it is uuua, answered Scipio the emperor at this time of the people of Mo* hands <^). Cicero apologizing to Aese BrutO| ^uod juTcni Octayianus in the war at Tersnes Emperor Antonius decreed the title yerit, he said: I have also decreed the empire at any rate it seemed to him the honor of that age" yet he was a mighty army, having ne- cessary For what is there without government? aroused? In the same way the last one
and the leader of the Samnites was called im* peratory for which iii munis EMBRA- TVR, about which we have discussed in detail I. of this work in treatises on the gods Staminatics The military of this government in We have given several examples of tarios in the previous treatise on Proconsul bus to the Caesars
Another meaning of the emperor, but ho- you know so much, it was when any leader re- wide victory in the battle by the soldiers the reporter was acclaimed. Even from the senate I have decreed that it had been then, the following evidence will teach. A copy of the former is still rep. and perhaps I first find it in Scipio An older African, whom the Spanish re- gem yocare yellent, it is the most important thing to him He said that the name of the emperor was let the tes of their own ^). Of Trajan Pli- nlus g) : For they trust in the leader of the Eomans none of those old, and ancient, guide they added the imperial name contecticaO' and the seas infected with victories. This yirtitus testimony and honors prin- I take it sparingly from the soldiers, and only afterwards
a) in preface hist. chap. 6* d) Hirt, bell Africa c. 4. 8)^Paneg. chap. 12.
b) L. LVIL § 8. c) to Brut. cfpist 15*
c) Amphitry act 50 sc. 3. v» 6. 0 Liy. Lib. 25 chap. 19.
Digitized by
344
CAPVT III
It was just an experiment. He said Diodorus Siculus "), it was customary to rai- in Roman disputes, as if any army a leader of more than six thousand ho- stion fell, the emperor called there Appian also once honored this only after the most excellent things ge- He tells us that the stas had been obtained and he adds, you killed him only in his age ten thousand tribes Tisse, but that teslimoniumr below revo- we get Yerum, as he went, so much praise the success of time began to fade away. His leslis rich TuUius, who willing per- to persuade the senate, as Octavianus, Hir- and called the Emperors of Pansa dos would decide, which was excellent at Victory over the mutiny of M. Anthony "they would have taken," is used in this prayer "): Eietiim to whom in these twenty years the supplication has been decided it is that he should not be called emperor or something like that. Are you f/ing too many things, or mostly none at all? And just below ^): yit if any of the Spaniards^ either of the Gauls, or of the Thracians a thousand or He would have killed thousands if he had not followed this custom. do not call the emperor* ret the senate? And perhaps not much more the victory of Tullius himself was of great importance The love of the hill was won, and therefore decorated with the name of the emperor, to him ma-*- He killed a number of enemies by himself, * and I will report a just victory in the epistles He himself wrote to his own <^). How light it was cansa, because of which in the African civil war The emperor was greeted by Curio, from her Caesar's narrative is bound by it
Appiaoo this Tanity of Carion ex- proving fi). Of L. Piso Cicero 1») : this vulture of that province was called ciaCi (Macedonia) if it pleases the gods ^ impe* rator Of course, in this honor It is yours to fly, because it is more greedy than many he began, either from the impulse of vanity, or as more in the camp of authority ret» Auctor Dion >) M. Brutus in Thrace went to Bessos, as the name he would prepare for himself the emperor's digmtatcm, the more easily against Caesar and Antony He could not wage war. In the same his titnli communion from the army re- Plutarch narrates the same Cassius ^). Of Metellus Scipio Caesar ^): His in the times of Scipio with certain losses after they had taken themselves to the mountain of Amanus He had called the reporter, and in this sense nt»n we see few human men in the families of the gods they are called emperors. yicto ^ to the Mutiny of Antonio Hirtius, Pansa, and Octavian from the soldiers and se- born emperors are called <")• And tells Cicero"), referring to L. Tor- who did great things in Macedonia You are the absent emperor. It will be done around the time of the outgoing reip. and many other things violently and arbitrarily that the Senate had not obstructed the proceedings, if who for some reason is not just from the military would be the emperor calling in the battle but the sign of its approval by the honorable senate when he received the victory the message decided to plead. Yide here belonging to Cicero himself <>).
a) from L. 36 clog. 3- b) Bell. citizen L. U. c. 4*. c) Phil. XIV. c. 4. d) J. c. c. 5. e) to Attic. L. V. ep. 20, to FaraiL L. IL ep. 10. f)-de Bell. citizen L. IL
c. 25. 26. g) Bcl. citizen c. 44. h) in Pison. c. l6. i) L. 47 § 25. k) in
Brutus c. 34. 1) Bell. citizen L. III. c 31. m> Dio L. XLVI §. 38. n) in Pison.
c. 19. o) He prays. the province Consul c. 6 cl 7.
Digitized by
ON THE NAME OF THE EMPEROR
345
From whence Augustus re- he began to wear, except for the little ones was the title of the emperor from his victories. You- berio adhoc priyato, ejosqoe fratriDra- 80 they teach him by name £om M. Agrippa, though the glory of the armor He was ahead of everyone in age and power the tribunes would be decorated, see what tor has admitted * Fostramos ex prirates it was Blaesos, coi from the cast of Tacfarinate He granted the name of emperor Tiberius. These things I said in the same way, in tacit words let us conspire Tiberius, inqoit"), id which he attributes to Blaesus, as emperor from /e- He was greeted with joy by the leaders Aonore, I rejoice in the success of the republic and the army of the conqueror cried out and there were several emperors at the same time, nor did he destroy the inferiority of the rest. with it fell to some, and Augustus called it light, and Tiberius Blaesus the last Said (the same Appianus) , yi/y ^' ot^ov itvut
TJI^S TV\ SVpvilJLICC, TfVvQuifOlXCH TO fJCU^tHg Tfe-
and at this true age I hear this cry the punishment was not conferred, unless you had killed ten thousands, he wrote before Appianus im- to Hadrian £x this therefore nio argoit Casaobonos «), not penitos in the age of Hadrian I will teach him that honor, but I left the difficult hour to approach him, when you killed ten thousand, buy should be paid Yerom greatly ca- perem ?el onom us Tir performing ex* I put him in prison after Blaesom A group of people gathered from many historical and he would have told the marbles. therefore in this place
Tetas the writer aat understood the emperors He himself was decorated with this honor I don't understand them enough bait, which appears from the formula, tor, ^vf^uifOfiut, as I hear.
This title of empire for nu- mere yictoriarum had been increased, so ot writer in the name of IMP. AGAIN yel IIL ly. etc., were encountered in August rom examples of names, although they are not lacking. standing at that point, she refused, at least not dom plan^ eyersa, but still rarer. Solla is said in your names IMP£R. 1T£- RYM, but Cn. Porapejos M. post am- plissioias, yariiqoe genera yictorias tan- then IMP*, Caesar the dictator of so much IMP. IT£R«, no fences Six. Pompey Maghi F., Antonios 111 yir IMP. III. Serious, and certainly after Jesus, who allow the last priyatorom Tibe- He was called the emperor of the high lands we said, here the honors, though from Augustus rom the ambassadors let it be, that under the auspices of this onion the wars rebantor, in the manner in which the praetors once ex the victory of the so-called raters, who set an example mentions Yarro ^). Qooties from each it will be repeated, in single numbers we teach* Si iides Dion «)-, moHs It was the Romans, not the fences, once in one of the wars the name of the emperor was added merely,' and that very thing Clau dio Aog«, qoi for the British victories aliqaotics that he was said to have suffered as an emperor. Yeru I doubt, yel oHm this custom religiously it was obseryatom, dwarf Sollam
a) Annal. L. III. c^ 74. d) of R. R. L. II. c. 4.
{Foh riiL)
b) Bell citizen L. IL c. 4>. e) L. 9 § 21.
c)" to Sueton. I. Cacs, cap. 76'
XX
Digitized by
346
CAPVT ni.
of the same war twice the emperor I said it was probable in today's news.
A large part of the imperial currency t^m this praise of the emperor from his victories add to the insup6r number to prefer, she He teaches abundantly. But I observe, po- that Caracalla, who was ill he inscribed this note on the coin, when and now the old empire of R. in- treated or neglected, or begin to deteriorate rent However, in Postumus the currency tan- how unique is the imp. Y. et IMP. X. But that it lasted still in the roaring ribus, although its rarer use, examples Ducangius brought some. They were met of solid gold of Theodosius II., among whose ti- the title is also read: IMP. 322., whom to the acclamation of the old soldiers Ducangius ^). But I said in the days of August number, the number of years to be indicated rii Gallienus for the repeated emperor ti* that he called himself v. c. German Maxi- mother, or V., or wrote VICTO- RIA. AVG^ VI. VII. VIII. etc. in this coin diximns, and similar examples of oc- they run in the woods of Postumus. See above put on this coin the inscription P. M. TE P. IMP. V. etc. of the year 5. C. 1016
Other evidences, which this from the defeat rlis title verifies, immediately in se- given to some
The third meaning of the emperor's name it is the reason by which the supreme Tincias jns indicabati^r, who honors as from he should be distinguished by the one who was victorious xere, the name of the emperor was said to be tan- than the first name, because that and most
all the other names of the Caesars preceding let it be The most certain proofs of the fact of right, etc one supplies Dio Cassius, which pro- I would like to mention all the rest. Ac for the first time in the records of the year 5. C. 708 this de He betrays Julius Caesar to Rome (^) : Sed and the emperor decided for him the name senaiusj not so much for the ancient cotimetudum ^ which that with others, and he also often they had brought it back from the belt, and not for that reason where those who service, or some other po* The said emperors accepted the witness sunty but iiiud altogether the emperor himself a name which is now given to those who have the power of hold^ is attributed to ^ iii then first^ and pri* mum, indeed, as a name of any sort
to apply his own, And from there
This name is appropriate to the supreme empire Appeiiation, as also the name Cae^ sari^ to all^ who followed^ impe^ not yet subject to dimanavity on the basis of this relationship, but both intact And so again the name of the emperor It is attributed to them when the victory is so great to hold back Therefore, with the appeiiation of the emperor as with the rest, all the emperors are the same always just, and this is indeed the first joke, they use But who knows the truth in that matter he behaved worthy of the chin which was the custom of the emperor he knows whence it comes that someone again and as often as absolutely, as often as it is deserved known as the executor. Excellent in few this is a prayer, because, moreover, it is threefold the meaning of the title emperor, de with which he confirms what he has done so far. Eun- from time to time he affected the honor
a) He learns. whether inf. age $. 38. b) 1. c. c) L. 43 § 44
Digitized by
ON THE NAME OF THE INVESTIGATOR.
347
itns teaching again to Dion *): The same aano (V. C, 726) that of the emperor He received a triumvirate, not a close victory
but the old custom of the tribe anointed
by which it was demonstrated that the empire to his father, too, his daughters and his sons don't* and it had been decreed, the same below of emperors in general ^): Name imperially, not just who defeats some they brought back the charge, but everything else to him, ad to magnify its fullness and perfection power, - they never don't wear instead of no^ by sending a king and a dictator, that and semct from rep. lifted u( they do not impose if^ bi^ thus his power and the very matter of imperialism tOulo confirm^ Suetonius among Kono* not too many received from Julius Caesar he also deserves the emperor's praise <^), a sign of the highest falsity fuity and the opposite of the title of emperor I give birth to those who follow other titles floated The first name of the emperor eodcm he mentions the same sense also in Tibe- rio f*), and Claudius «).
In the words of Dios it is so clear, him, who is said in this latter sense became emperor, the sum in rep. can the state had been born. Of course she is the words with which he ulitpr, without doubt com* they prove, what are Tn^arrog^ ^X^^ avro' rsXvjg i^Mitia etn. Elsewhere he says the same ^) : the river of the people and the government of the senate to Au* "The club was redistributed from that time on." ctam monarch (aic^/^j; fiovu^X'^^) fi^ it was established. £t a little below: when however, to the emperors the highest rep
it cannot be done except under the re gno homani sini^ bx i^iv OKOog i ^utrihevoih' rui, £and a sum, and arbitrary power, which is the name of an emperor brought in, confirms every term duroxduroDQ j quo emperor of the Greeks from the beginning it was decided to signify £ju8 clearly explain the nature and meaning the great man Spanhemius K) caved. too much Rum was already anciently called g-^w by the Greeks rv\cY0i dvroxfiaro^eg ^ rel iuroyiQaroQsg tto- 'htiJLH ii, to whom it was freely permitted to do those things which would be judged by the republic they lack On the contrary there were even kings who They could not be called avronQuro^sg, as kings of Sparta, of which Dionysius Halicarnassus nassensis ^) i^s cya^ Si A,a:KeSui/iJLOvioo» ^a* CiKeig dvroTiQuro^eg if
a) L. 51 5. 4J. b) L. 53 5. 17. c) in Caes. c» 76. d) Chap. 26. e) Chap.
12. f) L. 53. § 17. g) Tom. I. pag. 443» h) Ant Rom. L. II. page 87. i) Hist. L. II. c. 81. k) 1. c.
• XX 2
Digitized by
348
jCAPVT m.
bof we will be serious. He would see Cam once the senate, the temporaf to which it might fall consular power to the presence of he decreed that he would not when the matter demanded, "law magistrate." to create, whom I like to call a dictator cooked, close to whom war and peace and om would have full power over other things, and from which the reason for the plans and actions it would not be permissible to replace them, irs^uv rtva
nanTog oKKh nQacyfJLarog •nv^tuvj avTW^aro^oL ^at dvvniv^vvojf i «y ouf ^HKifrai nas Tr^a^yj^ as Dionjsius Halic says* *)• But above ez Dion We feared, even when removed from the rep in the name of king and dictator even power in the title of emperor included Therefore, if the cause of the Caesars was collated of the imperial honor of war and peace, and the judge was not responsible, if any although they were not subject to judgment in the matter It is clear, of course, since the title he approached, the princes were merely absent and the kingdom of mud, says Spanhemius, to have approached
These things are plain and evident. and from Tires the most gray coaCTs proved, yet to be done, who de jure im- peratorio snbtilier, and more beautiful, than Trier and solid, at least as mibi yi* to debate Not years ago Bleterius Gallus, Tir teaching many wrote a very long treatise, in by which their old age was rejected, who po- under the emperors, the government moved to believe or confirm tnr, that he was nothing but aristocratic, the head of the supreme commander is nothing else was, than among the magistrates other pri-
the mouse, who with the help of the gifts of the diTersissimomfli of his subjects to oppress the people Talidus was light enough, however, he was subject to them judtcio popuH, qnando to this Tires pre* let him be with whom he would defend his right ^). But Tero, if it was commanded by this law, was Ro mae, the judge was able to say that I was right the supreme command of the strongest was gem, and can prove the same agreement that the government in Gaul was not his own monarchical, because recently the people re* With his turbans, as he used to say, popular rights the government inTCxit. Whatever was the reason sa, cnr the power of the emperors preVale*» ret, or this deed by right, or by usury with patience and ingratitude, it is certain, from to them freely, though by Lullius Caesar, Augustus I stand, Tiberius more cautious, that he had been commanded, and from their character and enthusiasm dtsse, whether they prefer to the discretion of the sage Pull, like the father of the conscripts to think of the tendencies to be held in some place. Who negates it in the country what is to be considered a monarchy, in which one and the same Tyr in the name of the law adored by him, siTO antiquandarum, si Te rondarum and the governor's treasurer, the leader god of armies, of war and of peace, and sanc- He has the power to conclude covenants how much money are you waiting for? Who is the Roman executor to go to the Inlitias? It cannot be denied that the honors which I will also give the titles that the Tulgo has berentur, from Tetere more senate >con they had to be decided, of which kind there were consecrations of princes. But no Augustus was absent, who also denied these things To be alien to the power of conferring.
-a) L. V. pag. 333. b) B. L. Mero. Tom. 244 pages 438
Digitized by
ON THE NAME OF THE EMPEROR
349
I will send you TOrbft Macrint sie to leiiatviii he writes »): Anioninus auiem divinos ho^ nores and milee decreviiy and not decrevimtis^ and voSi P. C* as decematisy when we have put to command by imperial law mus, Sic and Elagabaluf pro- praise thee the emperor, Caeaarem, PioiD, Felix, Augustus, trib. power di- xit 1 and qoidem, ot adds Dio, qoi these things narrates ^) , occupying the names ^ before it is clear that they would not It was a different condition for the emperors the Boman senate, however few still years ago he was a nobleman in Florence that court, which was called Parliament that when it most concerned himself deretf edicts royal arbitratu soo aot ad- to prove, or in the same approving ctere delay men usually took it away with disgust besides the sad choice, which one do you prefer? the laws of prijacipis to be reported in tables, or exile*